Indonesi
an
Journa
l
of El
ect
ri
cal Engineer
ing
an
d
Comp
ut
er
Scie
nce
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No.
1
,
A
pr
il
201
9
, p
p.
388
~
395
IS
S
N: 25
02
-
4752, DO
I: 10
.11
591/ijeecs
.v1
4
.i
1
.pp
388
-
395
388
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ia
es
core.c
om/j
ourn
als/i
ndex.
ph
p/ij
eecs
Pseudo
-
ell
ipti
c narrow b
an
dp
ass
fi
lter usin
g s
h
or
t
ed
co
up
led
-
lin
e o
f
highe
r order
desi
gn
Mohd
N
as
ir
u
ddin H
ushim
1
, Nor
fishah
A
b W
ahab
2
, M
uha
m
ma
d F
ar
id Abdul
K
ha
l
id
3
,
Tn. S
yari
fah
At
if
ah Tn.
M
at Z
in
4
1,2,3
Facul
t
y
of
Elec
tr
ic
a
l Engi
ne
er
ing,
Univ
ersit
i
T
eknol
ogi
MA
RA
,
Mal
a
y
s
ia
4
Depa
rtment of
Mathe
m
at
i
cs,
Sc
ie
nc
e
&
Com
put
er,
Pol
it
ekn
ik
B
a
nti
ng
Sel
angor
,
Malay
s
ia
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
Oct
1,
2018
Re
vised
N
ov
30
, 2
018
Accepte
d
Dec
1
5,
2018
Thi
s
pape
r
pre
se
nts
an
implemen
ta
ti
on
of
quar
te
r
wave
l
engt
h
sin
gle
-
shorte
d
coupl
ed
-
li
nes
fo
r
nar
row
bandpa
ss
fil
te
r
applic
at
ion
.
It
is
show
n
as
a
new
wa
y
of
cr
eating
a
single
re
son
an
ce
bandp
ass
fil
ter
b
y
in
te
r
-
connect
ed
of
two
single
-
shorted
q
uar
te
r
wave
le
ng
th
coupl
ed
-
l
ine
sec
ti
ons.
B
y
ad
ding
m
ore
single
-
shorted
coupl
ed
-
li
ne
i
nto
the
conf
igura
ti
on
,
the
form
of
hal
fwave
le
ngth
re
sonator
ca
n
in
cre
ase
th
e
degr
e
e
of
ord
er
of
th
e
fi
lt
er
.
For
the
d
esign
of
4th
orde
r
re
son
at
or,
the
coup
led
-
li
nes
are
arr
a
nged
in
te
r
-
conne
c
te
d
to
e
a
ch
othe
r
form
ing
five
-
fing
ers
lines
lay
out
.
Due
to
th
e
inter
-
conne
c
ti
on
of
t
he
coup
le
d
-
l
ines
,
tra
nsm
ission
ze
ros
appear
at
th
e
two
stopbands
which
improves
the
se
le
c
ti
vity
of
th
e
f
i
lt
er
r
esponse.
In
vesti
gation
on
the
par
ametr
ic
of
the
4th
or
der
re
sonator
is
conduc
te
d
to
o
bserve
the
cont
rolling
par
a
m
et
ers
and
it
’s
re
aliability
r
esponses
of
the
re
s
onat
or.
For
compac
tne
ss
,
fi
ve
-
finge
rs
m
ea
n
der
ed
li
n
es
is
proposed.
It
is
fo
und
tha
t
th
e
size
of
the
m
eandere
d
li
nes
r
esona
tor
was
suc
ce
ss
fully
r
educe
d
b
y
33%
compare
d
to
the
five
-
fing
ers
str
ai
ght
li
nes
r
esona
tor
of
the
sam
e
orde
r.
For
val
id
at
ion
of
co
nce
pt
,
th
e
4th
or
der
m
ea
nder
ed
l
ine
s
re
sona
tor
w
as
designe
d
at
1
GH
z
and
fa
bric
a
te
d
on
RO3
210
m
ic
rostrip
subs
tra
te
wi
th
ch
ara
c
te
rist
ics
give
n
as
h
=
1
.
27
m
m
,
Ɛr
=
10.
2
and
t
an
δ
=
3x10
-
3.
The
m
ea
surem
ent
re
sults show goo
d
agr
e
ement
wi
t
h
the sim
ula
ti
on
re
sults.
Ke
yw
or
d
s
:
Ba
ndpass
f
il
te
r
Coupled
-
li
ne
Cros
s
cou
pling
Narrow
band
Tran
m
issi
on
ze
ro
Copyright
©
201
9
Instit
ut
e
o
f Ad
vanc
ed
Engi
n
ee
r
ing
and
S
cienc
e
.
Al
l
rights re
serv
ed
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
Mohd
Nasir
ud
din
H
us
him
,
Faculty
of Elec
tric
al
Engineer
ing
,
Un
i
ver
sit
i Te
knol
og
i M
ARA
,
40450 S
hah A
l
a
m
, S
el
ango
r,
Ma
la
ysi
a.
Em
a
il
: nasiru
ddin
_m
y@i
eee.
org
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
In
c
reasin
g
c
onsu
m
er
dem
a
nd
on
the
m
od
e
r
n
wireles
s
dev
ic
es
require
d
the
se
nsi
ti
vity
and
capab
il
it
ie
s
of
the
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
syst
em
.
As
on
e
of
t
he
i
m
po
rtant
ro
le
in
the
m
od
er
n
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
,
t
he
filt
ering
el
em
ent
was
desi
gn
base
d
on
the
sp
eci
fic
re
qu
i
rem
ent
in
li
ne
with
the
desired
te
c
hnol
og
y
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
fiel
d
[
1]
.
Re
searche
s
an
d
de
velo
pm
ents
on
the
filt
er
des
ign
s
ha
d
f
oc
use
d
on
im
pr
oving
t
he
filt
er
pe
rfor
m
ances
i
n
a
reas
su
c
h
as
inse
rtion
loss
,
ba
ndwidth,
sel
ect
iv
it
y
and
et
c
[
2]
.
N
um
ero
us
to
po
l
ogy
desig
ns
of
ba
ndpa
ss
filt
er
i
nc
lud
in
g
t
he
par
a
ll
el
cou
ple
d
li
ne
wer
e
intr
oduc
ed
dep
e
nded
on
the
c
har
act
e
risti
cs
requirem
ent o
f
the a
pp
li
cat
io
n use
d.
The
cl
assic
al
par
al
le
l
co
up
l
ed
-
li
ne
was
pro
posed
by
C
ohn
in
19
58
[
3]
.
F
ur
the
r
re
searche
s
f
or
i
m
pr
ovem
ent
on
t
his
to
po
l
ogy
sti
ll
go
in
g
on
unti
l
tod
ay
[4
-
5]
.
T
he
cl
as
sic
al
par
al
le
l
coupled
-
li
ne
to
po
l
ogy
structu
re
c
onsi
st
of
c
oupled
-
l
ine
wit
h
se
ries
co
nnect
ion.
A
s
the
de
gr
ee
of
order
de
pe
nds
on
t
he
num
ber
of
half
wav
el
e
ng
t
h
res
on
at
or,
th
is
will
increase
the
total
le
ng
th
of
the
filt
er.
This
is
due
to
the
fact
that
m
or
e
coupled
-
li
nes
are
co
nn
ect
e
d
in
series
to
the
base
topolo
gy
[6
-
8]
.
F
ur
t
herm
or
e,
in
te
r
m
s
of
the
sel
ect
iv
it
y
of
the f
il
te
r,
there
are n
o
tra
ns
m
i
ssion zer
o offe
r
in
the classi
c
al
p
arall
el
cou
pled
-
li
ne
r
esp
onse
[9]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Pseu
do
-
el
li
ptic n
ar
r
ow ba
ndpass fi
lt
er u
si
ng
sh
ort
ed
c
ouple
d
-
li
ne
of
highe
r
…
(
Mohd
N
asi
ru
ddin
Hus
him
)
389
Fu
rt
her
resear
ch
an
d
de
velo
pm
ent
on
the
coupled
-
li
ne
topolo
gy
we
re
exp
l
or
e
d
by
r
esearche
r
t
o
i
m
pr
ove
the
pe
rfor
m
ance
an
d
caba
bili
ti
es
of
the
filt
er
to
fu
l
fill
the
m
od
ern
com
m
un
ic
at
io
n
syst
e
m
tha
t
require
c
om
pact
siz
e,
accurate
and
ver
y
high
sel
ect
ivit
y
of
the
filt
er.
In
orde
r
to
achie
ve
d
com
pactness
and
reduce
siz
e
of
the
filt
er,
se
ve
ral
te
chn
i
que
s
wer
e
us
e
d
s
uch
a
s
patc
h
capaci
tor
[
10
]
,
fo
l
ded
desi
gn
[11]
,
m
eand
ere
d patt
ern
[
12
-
13
]
, a
ddit
ion
al
of act
ive ele
m
ents
[14]
an
d defecte
d gro
und
st
ru
ct
ur
e
(DG
S)
[
15
]
.
In
this
pa
pe
r,
a
new
to
polo
gy
ban
dpass
filt
er
us
in
g
tw
o
s
ing
le
-
s
horte
d
coupled
-
li
nes
is
propose
d,
wh
e
re
a
sect
io
n
of
the
sin
gle
-
shorte
d
co
upl
ed
-
li
ne
a
re
inte
r
-
c
onnected
t
o
form
half
wavel
eng
th
res
on
at
or.
By
intr
od
ucin
g
ne
w
co
uple
d
-
li
ne
s
inter
-
c
onnect
ed
to
the
base
cel
l
will
fo
rm
new
half
wave
le
ng
th
res
on
at
or
th
at
le
ads
to
t
he
num
ber
of
de
gr
ee
of
the
filt
er.
T
her
e
f
or
e,
the
4
th
orde
r
ba
ndpass
filt
er
can
be
f
or
m
ed
by
inter
-
c
onnecti
ng
three
ne
w
sing
le
-
sho
rted
c
ouple
d
-
li
ne
int
o
the
ba
sic
co
nf
i
gurati
on.
Wh
en
c
om
par
ed
to
the
conve
ntion
al
pa
rall
el
cop
le
d
-
l
ine,
the
a
dvant
age
of
this
t
opology
is
that,
i
t
exh
i
bits
trans
m
issi
on
zer
os
at
the
stopba
nd
s
of
t
he
filt
er
res
po
ns
e.
F
urt
her
m
or
e
,
by
em
plo
yi
ng
fiv
e
-
fin
ge
r
strai
ght
-
li
ne
s
arr
a
ng
em
ent
of
the
sing
le
-
shorte
d
coupled
-
li
nes
,
will
op
tim
iz
e
t
he
axis
surfac
e
area
of
the
f
il
te
r.
To
reduc
e
the
siz
e,
m
e
ande
r
te
chn
iq
ue
is
app
li
ed
to
t
he
desig
n.
T
he
fi
ve
-
fin
ger
s
m
eand
e
r
-
li
ne
s
off
ers
ap
pro
xim
a
te
ly
resp
onse
wh
e
n
com
par
e to t
he
f
ive
-
fi
ng
e
r
str
ai
gh
t
-
li
nes
f
il
te
r desig
n.
2.
FILT
ER TOP
OLOG
Y
The
pro
pose
d
new
c
ouplin
g
struct
ur
e
de
picte
d
in
Fi
gure
1(a)
c
onsist
s
of
en
d
-
s
horted
half
wav
el
e
ng
t
h
re
so
na
tor
.
T
he
ha
lf
wa
velen
gth
res
on
at
or
is
c
reated
from
the
inter
-
c
onnec
ti
on
of
t
wo
si
ng
le
-
sh
ort
ed
qu
a
r
te
r
wa
velen
gth
coupled
-
li
ne
s
ect
ion
s
with
t
wo
set
s
of
od
d
-
a
nd
e
ven
-
m
od
e
char
act
erist
ic
s
i
m
ped
ances
.
T
his
to
polo
gy
cr
eat
es
a
sin
gle
r
eso
nan
ce
ba
nd
pass
filt
er
res
ponse
as d
e
picte
d
in
Fig
ure
1(
b).
T
he
resonato
r
is
de
sign
e
d
at
1 G
H
z w
it
h
t
he valu
e of im
ped
anc
e
s; Z
oe1
=69
Ω
, Z
oo1
=43
Ω a
nd, Z
oe2
=76
Ω,
Z
oo2
=47
Ω
.
(a)
(b)
Figure
1.
(a
)
S
chem
at
ic
an
d
(
b)
I
deal f
reque
ncy res
ponse
for en
d
-
shorte
d half
wa
velen
gth
resonato
r
To
furthe
r
e
xplore
t
he
c
on
ce
pt,
the
bas
e
to
po
l
og
y
ca
n
be
inter
-
c
onnecte
d
with
a
dd
it
io
nal
co
uple
-
li
nes
for
highe
r
orde
r
filt
er
de
sign.
W
it
h
ad
diti
on
al
of
n
num
ber
s
of
sin
gl
e
-
shorte
d
co
uple
d
-
li
nes,
n
+
1
orde
r
band
pass fil
te
r c
an be c
reated.
To
pr
oof
the
c
o
nce
pt,
a
dd
it
io
nal
of
3
rd
an
d
5
th
co
up
le
d
-
li
ne
s
are
ad
de
d
to
the
ba
se
cel
l
to
create
2
nd
and
4
th
orde
r
ba
ndpass
filt
ers
as
show
n
in
Fi
gure
2(a)
a
nd
2(b)
res
pecti
ve
ly
.
W
it
h
t
hese
arr
a
ng
em
ents,
it
can
be
see
n
t
hat
t
he
half
wa
vele
ng
t
h
resonat
ors
are
create
d
i
n
s
uc
h
a
way
that
the
s
horte
d
-
e
nd
a
nd
ope
n
-
e
nd
resonato
rs
are
arr
a
ng
e
d
in
al
te
rn
at
e
m
ann
er.
Fu
rthe
rm
or
e,
with
fin
ger
s
la
yout
arr
a
ngem
ent
of
the
co
uple
d
-
li
nes,
side
-
by
-
s
ide
su
r
r
oundin
g
the
axis
up
t
o
4
th
orde
r,
it
m
ai
ntaines
the
siz
e
of
the
res
on
at
or
s
at
¼
λ
x
½
λ.
This lead
s to
optim
iz
ing
the s
urface a
rea
of the
filt
er.
The
res
on
at
or
s
are
design
e
d
a
t
1
GH
z,
an
d
the
i
m
ped
ance
values
f
or
bo
t
h
resonators
are
ta
bu
la
te
d
in
Table
1.
T
he
de
sign
s
are
sim
ulate
d
us
i
ng
f
ul
lwave
el
ect
rom
agn
et
ic
si
m
ulati
on
too
l
an
d
the
ideal
respo
ns
es
of
the r
es
onat
ors
are as
sho
wn in
Fi
gure
3(
a
)
a
nd 3(
b)
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
1
4
, N
o.
1
,
A
pr
il
201
9
:
388
–
395
390
(a)
(b)
Figure
2
.
Fin
ge
rs band
pass fil
te
r
la
yo
ut b
ase
d o
n
inte
r
-
c
onne
ct
ed
sin
gle
-
s
ho
rted
c
ouple
d
-
li
nes res
on
at
or
s
,
for (a)
2
nd
-
or
de
r
filt
er
with t
w
o half
wa
velen
gth
res
on
at
or a
nd (b) 4
th
-
orde
r
f
il
te
r
with
fo
ur h
al
f
w
a
velen
gt
h
resonato
r
(a)
(b)
Figure
3
.
I
deal
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
respon
s
e
of
t
he (a)
2
nd
an
d (
b)
4
th
order ba
ndpa
ss
f
il
te
r
Table
1.
E
ve
n
-
an
d Odd
-
Mo
de
Char
act
e
risti
c Im
ped
ances
of the
2
nd
a
nd
4
th
O
r
der
Res
onat
ors
Z
o
e1
Z
oo1
Z
o
e2
Z
oo2
Z
o
e3
Z
oo3
2
nd
-
o
rder filt
er
9
5
Ω
4
6
Ω
3
8
Ω
2
9
Ω
-
-
4
th
-
o
rder
f
ilter
7
4
Ω
3
1
Ω
5
0
Ω
3
7
Ω
6
0
Ω
4
7
Ω
As
sho
wn
i
n
T
able
1,
t
he
ab
ove
im
ped
ances
’
value
s
of
the
2
nd
and
4
th
or
der
resonato
rs
are
ch
os
e
n
thr
ough
their
par
am
et
ric
stud
y.
From
the
par
am
et
ric
stud
y,
one
ca
n
obser
ve
the
vari
at
ion
s
of
the
filt
er
respo
ns
e a
nd i
nv
e
sti
gate the
beh
a
vior a
nd c
on
t
ro
ll
in
g para
m
et
ers
of the
r
eso
nator.
3.
4
TH
ORDE
R FIL
TE
R
V
A
R
IATIO
N
O
F
EL
ECTRIC
A
L RESP
ONSE
S
This
sect
io
n
presents
the
pa
ram
et
ric
stud
y
of
t
he
4
th
order
res
onat
or
desig
n.
F
or
re
al
iz
at
ion
of
resonato
r
on
m
ic
ro
strip
s
ubstrat
e,
one
ha
s
to
ch
oose
a
s
uitable
cha
racteri
sti
c
i
m
ped
ance
val
ue
that
can
be
reali
zed
on
t
he
substrat
e
[
1].
Ba
sed
on
t
his
inf
or
m
at
ion
,
th
e
odd
-
a
nd
e
ve
n
-
m
od
e
im
ped
ance
val
ues
of
the
sing
le
-
shorte
d
coupled
-
li
nes of
the 4
th
order resonato
rs
are
est
ablished
. S
ince the lay
ou
t i
s sy
m
m
et
rical
,
h
enc
e
on
ly
th
ree i
ns
t
ead
of f
ive
sets
of c
oupled
-
li
ne
s h
a
ve
t
o be
optim
iz
ed
for
sy
m
m
e
tric
al
b
an
dp
a
ss resp
onse
.
Fo
r
the
var
ia
ti
on
pa
ram
et
ric
stud
y,
eac
h
value
of
the
pa
ra
m
et
ers
is
set
i
n
the
range
of
20
Ω
.
All
th
e
three sets
of th
e p
a
ram
et
ers;
Z
oe1
, Z
oo1
, Z
oe2
,
Z
oo2,
Z
oe3
and
Z
oo3.
are tab
ula
te
d
in
Table
2.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
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m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Pseu
do
-
el
li
ptic n
ar
r
ow ba
ndpass fi
lt
er u
si
ng
sh
ort
ed
c
ouple
d
-
li
ne
of
highe
r
…
(
Mohd
N
asi
ru
ddin
Hus
him
)
391
Table
2
.
Var
ia
t
ion
Param
et
er f
or
Id
eal
4
th
Order B
an
dp
a
ss
Fil
te
r
Re
spon
s
e
Graph
Para
m
eter
Min Valu
e
(Ω
)
Max Valu
e
(Ω
)
Fig
u
re
4
Z
o
e1
65
85
Fig
u
re
5
Z
oo1
20
40
Fig
u
re
6
Z
o
e2
45
65
Fig
u
re
7
Z
oo2
25
45
Fig
u
re
8
Z
o
e3
60
80
Fig
u
re
9
Z
oo3
30
50
Figure
4
s
how
s
the
var
ia
ti
on
of
Z
oe1
f
ro
m
65
Ω
to
85Ω
w
hile
fixi
ng
the
oth
e
r
im
ped
a
nces
at
i
deal
value
(
Z
oe1
=7
4Ω,
Z
oo1
=3
1Ω
,
Z
oe2
=50
Ω
,
Z
oo2
=37
Ω
Z
oe3
=60
Ω
a
nd
Z
oo3
=47
Ω
).
It
c
an
be
see
n
t
hat
Z
oe1
influ
e
nces
on
band
width,
ins
erti
on
l
os
s
a
nd
ret
urn
los
s
of
t
he
filt
er.
As
s
how
n
in
Figure
5,
the
var
ia
ti
on
values
of
Z
oo1
f
ro
m
20
Ω
to
40
Ω
seen
the
cha
ng
e
s
of
ba
ndw
idth
com
par
e
to
the
Z
oe1
.
F
or
the
var
ia
ti
on
va
lues
of Z
oe2
, Z
oo2
Z
o
e3
and Z
oo3
are
sh
ow
n
in
Fi
g
ure
6
,
7,
8
a
nd 9
resp
ect
ively
.
Figure
4
.
I
deal
var
ia
ti
on
value
s of Z
oe1
from
65
Ω
to 8
5Ω a
nd the
elec
tric
al
r
esp
onses
Figure
5
.
I
deal
var
ia
ti
on
value
s of Z
oo1
from
20
Ω
to 4
0Ω a
nd the
elec
tric
al
r
esp
onses
The
ob
s
er
vatio
n
of
var
ia
ti
on
respo
ns
es
wh
e
n
the
value
of
2
nd
co
upl
ed
-
li
ne
va
ried
as
ta
bu
la
te
d
in
Table
2.
A
s
de
picte
d
Fig
ur
e
6
&
7,
both
of
the
pa
ram
et
ers
influ
e
nce
on
the
ba
nd
with.
H
oweve
r,
the
con
t
ro
ll
in
g
of
Z
oo2
on
ba
ndw
idth
is
m
or
e
do
m
inant
com
par
e
t
o
Z
oe2
.
The
c
ouplin
g
coeffic
ie
nt,
k
for
1
st
coupled
-
li
ne
is
0.
41
w
hile
2
nd
coupled
-
li
ne
is
0.
15.
No
te
d
that,
lowe
r
co
upli
ng
c
oeffici
ent
resu
lt
in
g
to
weak
e
r
couplin
g
e
ff
ect
that in
flue
nce
d on ba
ndwi
dth
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
1
4
, N
o.
1
,
A
pr
il
201
9
:
388
–
395
392
Figure
6
.
I
deal
var
ia
ti
on
value
s of Z
oe2
from
45
Ω
to 6
5Ω a
nd the
elec
tric
al
r
esp
onses
Figure
7
.
I
deal
var
ia
ti
on
value
s of Z
oo2
from
25
Ω
to 4
5Ω a
nd the
elec
tric
al
r
esp
onses
Nex
t,
obser
vat
ion
is
pe
r
form
ed
on
a
3
rd
co
up
le
d
-
li
ne
.
T
he
var
ia
ti
on
of
el
ect
rical
respon
s
es
f
or
Z
oe3
and
Z
oo3
are
s
how
n
in
Fig
ur
e
8
an
d
9
res
pecti
vely
.
The
incr
e
m
ent
of
Z
oe3
or
decr
em
ent
of
Z
oo3
wo
ul
d
inc
rease
the b
a
ndwi
dth
bu
t at
t
he
sam
e tim
e d
egr
a
de
t
he ret
urn
a
nd i
ns
erti
on l
os
ses
du
e
to
m
is
m
at
c
h of i
m
ped
anc
es.
Figure
8
.
I
deal
var
ia
ti
on
of
Z
oe3
from
6
0Ω t
o 80
Ω
and t
he
el
ect
rical
r
esp
on
ses
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Pseu
do
-
el
li
ptic n
ar
r
ow ba
ndpass fi
lt
er u
si
ng
sh
ort
ed
c
ouple
d
-
li
ne
of
highe
r
…
(
Mohd
N
asi
ru
ddin
Hus
him
)
393
Figure
9
.
I
deal
var
ia
ti
on
value
s of Z
oo3
from
30
Ω
to 5
0Ω a
nd the
elec
tric
al
r
esp
onses
Ba
sed
on
the
il
lustrate
ideal
res
pons
es
of
par
am
et
ric
vari
at
ion
stu
dy
f
or
the
4
th
ord
er
band
pass
resonato
r,
it
can
be
sai
d
that
the
odd
-
a
nd
ev
en
-
m
od
e
im
ped
ance
s
of
the
2
nd
an
d
3
rd
si
ngle
s
horted
co
up
le
d
-
li
nes
dom
inantly
con
tr
olled
the
band
widt
h
of
the
res
on
at
or
with
va
riat
ion
in
the
ra
nge
of
5%.
He
nc
e,
thi
s
resonato
r
desig
n
is
su
it
able
for
na
rrowba
nd
band
pass
fite
r
app
li
cat
io
ns
.
I
n
te
rm
s
of
im
p
edan
ce
m
at
ching,
al
l
the p
a
ram
et
ers
ne
ed
to be
opti
m
iz
ed
accor
dingly
for
best
res
ults to
obta
in
ba
ndpass
r
es
ponse
.
4.
4
TH
ORDE
R FIL
TE
R
RE
A
LIZ
ATION
This
sect
io
n
presents
t
he
la
yout
a
nd
im
plem
entat
ion
of
hi
gh
e
r
orde
r
ba
ndpass
filt
er
de
sign
for
4
th
order
re
sonat
or
us
in
g
m
ic
ro
s
trip
te
ch
nolo
gy
.
The
fi
rst
de
sign
is
base
d
on
fi
ve
-
fin
ger
s
strai
ght
-
li
nes
la
yout
with
area
dim
e
ns
io
ns
of
58.
1
m
m
x
44
.
7
m
m
.
Fo
r
m
iniat
ur
iz
at
ion
,
al
l
the
five
fin
ger
s
a
r
e
m
eand
ere
d
a
nd
t
he
area
dim
ensions
achieve
d
44.
9
m
m
x
38
.
6
m
m
,
resu
lt
ing
to
appr
ox
im
at
i
on
o
f
32.6%
siz
e
of
re
duct
ion.
Bot
h
la
youts
of
the
five
-
fin
gers
str
ai
gh
t
-
li
nes
a
nd
five
-
fin
gers
m
eand
e
re
d
-
li
nes
are
sho
wn
i
n
F
igure
10
a
nd
F
igure
11
resp
ect
i
vely
.
The
res
on
a
tors
are
desig
ned
at
1GH
z,
si
m
ulate
d
by
us
in
g
fu
ll
w
ave
el
ect
ro
m
a
gn
et
i
c
si
m
ulator.
F
or
i
m
ple
m
entat
i
on,
the
fi
ve
-
fing
e
rs
m
eand
er
ed
-
li
nes
res
onat
or
wa
s
reali
z
ed
on
Ro
ge
r
RO32
10
m
ic
ro
strip s
ubs
trat
e (h =
1.27
m
m
, Ɛ
r
= 10.
2,
ta
n
δ
=
3x10
-
3
).
Figure
10
.
Schem
at
ic
lay
ou
t 4
th
or
der
five
-
fi
ng
e
rs
strai
gh
t
-
li
nes b
andpass
f
il
te
r
Figure
11
.
Schem
at
ic
lay
ou
t of 4
th
orde
r
fi
ve
-
fin
ge
rs
m
eand
ere
d
-
li
ne
s b
a
ndpas
s f
il
te
r
Both
re
sonat
or
s
wer
e
su
cces
s
fu
ll
y
si
m
ulate
d.
T
he
c
om
par
ison
outp
ut
of
the
sim
ulatio
ns
f
or
five
-
fin
ger
strai
ght
-
li
nes
and
m
eand
ere
d
-
li
ne
s
is
dep
ic
te
d
i
n
Fig
ur
e
12.
Both
pa
ssb
a
nd
r
esp
on
ses
are
centere
d
at
1
GH
z
with
ins
erti
on
los
ses
le
ss
than
3dB.
The
eff
ect
of
the
cro
ss
c
ouplings
occ
ur
s
from
adj
acent
of
the
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
1
4
, N
o.
1
,
A
pr
il
201
9
:
388
–
395
394
coupled
-
li
nes
i
n
both
desi
gns
le
ad
to
th
e
cr
eat
ion
of
tra
nsm
issi
on
zer
os
at
bo
t
h
side
of
pass
band
res
ponse
s.
The pre
sences
of
tran
sm
issi
on
zer
os
c
on
t
rib
ut
e to h
i
gh selec
ti
vity
b
andpass
f
il
te
r
res
ponse
s.
Figure
12
.
C
om
par
ison
ou
t
put o
f
sim
ulati
on
for fi
ve
-
fin
ge
rs
strai
gh
t
-
li
ne
s and
me
and
ere
d
-
li
ne
s r
es
onat
or d
e
sign
s
Finall
y,
the
4
th
orde
r
five
-
fin
ge
rs
m
eand
ere
d
-
li
ne
s
re
so
na
tor
was
fabrica
te
d
an
d
m
easur
ed
.
Figure
13
(a)
s
hows
the
phot
ogra
ph
of
t
he
f
abr
ic
at
ed
res
onat
or
on
R
O32
10
substrat
e
.
Th
e
m
easur
em
ent
resu
lt
is
com
par
ed
with
sim
ulate
d
and
ac
hieve
d
good
out
-
of
-
ba
nd
re
j
ect
ion
l
evel
b
ey
on
d
50
dB
as
de
picte
d
in
Figure
13
(b).
The
res
onance
is
centered
at
1GHz
wit
h
5.2
%
relat
ive
ba
ndwi
dth
a
nd
in
s
erti
on
lo
ss
of
3.2
dB.
Transm
issi
on
zero
s
are
fou
nd
at
the
up
pe
r
and
lo
wer
sid
e
of
the
stopb
ands.
The
pr
es
ence
of
tra
nsm
issi
on
zero
s
du
e
t
o
th
e
cro
ss
c
oupling
e
ff
ect
am
on
g
the
c
ouple
d
-
li
nes
is
adv
a
nt
ageous
to
the
desig
n,
sinc
e
it
giv
es
high selec
ti
vity
and
good
rej
ec
ti
on
level
of th
e filt
er r
es
pons
e.
(a)
(b)
Figure
13. A
4t
h order
m
eand
ered
-
li
nes ba
ndpass fil
te
r
of
(a
) photo
gr
a
ph a
nd (b)
sim
ulatio
n an
d
m
easur
em
ent r
esult
5.
CONCL
US
I
O
N
A
ba
nd
pass
r
eso
nator
of
si
ng
le
-
sho
rted
c
oupled
-
li
ne
t
opol
og
y
was
presente
d.
By
add
i
ng
m
or
e
coupled
-
li
ne
into
the
base
c
el
l,
le
ad
to
the
creati
on
of
hig
he
r
orde
r
ba
ndpa
ss
filt
ers.
Param
et
er
stud
y
was
cond
ucte
d
f
or
4
th
orde
r
res
on
at
or
an
d
was
f
ound
that
the
char
act
e
risti
cs
of
the
res
on
at
or
respo
ns
es
c
an
be
con
t
ro
ll
ed
by
var
yi
ng
the
im
ped
a
nce
of
t
he
odd
-
a
nd
ev
en
-
m
od
e
i
m
ped
a
nces
of
the
c
ouple
d
-
li
nes
.
M
eand
e
r
te
chn
iq
ue
was
app
li
ed
on
the
4
th
order
fi
ve
-
fin
ger
s
li
ne
s
and
was
s
uc
cessf
ully
reduced
t
he
siz
e
of
th
e
resonato
r
by
m
or
e
t
han
30%.
Finall
y,
the
pr
opos
e
d
filt
er
of
4
th
order
was
reali
zed
on
t
he
m
ic
ro
strip
s
ubstrat
e
and
t
he
m
easurem
ent
resu
lt
s
of
the
fabrica
te
d
filt
ers
we
re
f
ound
to
be
i
n
go
od
a
greem
ent
with
th
e
sim
ulati
on
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Pseu
do
-
el
li
ptic n
ar
r
ow ba
ndpass fi
lt
er u
si
ng
sh
ort
ed
c
ouple
d
-
li
ne
of
highe
r
…
(
Mohd
N
asi
ru
ddin
Hus
him
)
395
resu
lt
s.
The
ad
van
ta
ge
of
t
his
topolo
gy
is
th
at
,
tranm
issi
on
zeros
we
re
c
re
at
ed
on
t
he
4
th
order
ba
ndpas
s
filt
er
respo
ns
e
due
to
cross
co
up
li
ng
ef
fect.
The
occurre
nce
of
transm
issi
on
zero
s
le
ad
to
hi
gher
sel
ect
ivit
y
of
the
filt
er and bett
er r
e
j
ect
io
n
le
ve
l.
ACKN
OWLE
DGE
MENTS
The
aut
hors
grat
efu
ll
y
ack
nowle
dg
e
t
he
con
t
rib
ution
s
of
M.
K.
M.
Sa
ll
eh
,
who
pass
ed
away
in
Septem
ber
20
17, fo
r his
patie
nce,
m
otivati
on, su
pport
and
gu
i
dan
ce
on t
hi
s w
or
k.
T
his
work wa
s s
upporte
d
in
par
t
by
the
Mi
nistry
of
H
ig
he
r
Ed
ucati
on
of
Ma
la
ysi
a
(MOH
E)
(Gran
t no
:
600
-
RM
I/
NR
GS
5/
3
(
3/2013)
)
an
d
the Insti
tute
of
Re
search
Ma
na
gem
ent an
d I
nnovat
ion (
IR
MI) of
Unive
rs
it
i Teknolo
gi
MARA
REFERE
NCE
S
[1]
G.
L.
Mat
tha
e
i,
“
Microwa
ve
Filt
ers
,
Im
peda
nc
e
Matc
hing
n
etw
ork
and
Coupli
ng
Struct
ur
e.”
Arte
ch
Hous
e,
Norw
ood,
MA
,
1964.
[2]
V.
K.
V
el
id
i
an
d
S.
San
y
al
,
“
Sharp
-
re
j
ection
m
i
cro
strip
bandp
ass
fil
te
rs
with
m
u
lt
iple
tr
ansm
issi
on
ze
ros,
”
AE
U
-
Int.
J. Ele
c
tron.
Comm
un.
,
vol
.
6
4,
no
.
12
,
pp
.
11
73
–
1177,
2010
.
[3]
S.
B.
Cohn,
“
Para
llel
-
Coupl
ed
T
ra
nsm
ission
-
Li
ne
-
Resonat
or
Filt
ers,
”
I
RE
Tr
ans.
Mic
row.
Theory
Tech.
,
vol
.
6,
n
o.
2,
pp
.
223
–
231
,
1958.
[4]
M.
B.
Za
r
adn
y
,
“
On
the
Novel
Approac
h
to
Par
al
l
el
Coupl
ed
-
L
i
ne
Bandp
ass
Filt
ers
tha
h
Have
Diver
se
W
av
el
eng
ht
Im
peda
nce Sca
l
i
ng
I/O
Tr
ansfor
m
ers,
”
Proc
.
25
t
h
Int. Conf. "
M
ixed
Des.
Inte
gr
.
Circui
ts
S
yst.
,
p
p.
291
–
298
,
201
8.
[5]
M.
Naure
en,
D
.
K.
Choudhar
y
,
and
R.
K.
Chau
dhar
y
,
“
Com
pac
t
m
et
amate
r
ia
l
i
nspired
dual
-
b
an
d
bandpa
ss
fil
ter
using
par
allel
c
ouple
d
li
n
e
and
ci
rc
u
la
r
shap
ed
stub,”
2018
3rd
Int.
Conf
.
Mi
crow.
Phot
on
ic
s,
I
CMAP
2018
,
vo
l.
2018
–
Ja
nua, no.
Ic
m
ap,
pp
.
1
–
2
,
2018.
[6]
Xiongjun
Shu,
J
inc
a
i
W
en,
and
Li
ngli
ng
Sun,
“
Design
of
60
G
Hz
par
a
llel
coup
le
d
-
li
n
e
b
andpa
s
s
fil
ters
,
”
in
201
5
IEE
E
16th
Inte
r
nati
onal
Con
fe
re
nce
on
Comm
uni
cat
ion
Technol
o
gy
(
ICCT
)
,
2015,
pp
.
244
–
247
.
[7]
A.
E.
Ferh
and
H
.
Jlee
d
,
“
Design,
sim
ula
te
and
appr
oximate
p
ar
al
l
el
coup
le
d
m
i
cro
strip
bandp
ass
fil
te
r
at
2
.
4
GH
z,
”
in
2014
World
C
ongress
on
Computer
App
li
ca
ti
o
ns and
Informati
on
Syste
ms
(
WCCAIS)
,
2014,
no
.
1,
pp.
1
–
5.
[8]
B.
P.
Stos
ic
,
N.
S.
Doncov,
and
A.
S.
Atana
skovi
c,
“
Response
calc
ul
at
ion
of
par
a
ll
el
-
coupled
re
sonator
fil
t
ers
b
y
u
se
of
s
y
nthe
si
ze
d
wave
digital
n
etw
ork,
”
in
2013
11th
Inte
rnation
al
Confe
ren
ce
o
n
Tele
communic
ati
ons
in
Mode
r
n
Sate
llite,
Cab
le
and
Broadcasti
n
g
Serv
i
ce
s (
TEL
SIKS)
,
2013,
pp
.
253
–
256.
[9]
A
.
Gunjal,
S.
R.
Gaga
re
,
and
R
.
P.
La
b
ade,
“
Ba
ndwidth
enha
n
c
ement
in
b
and
p
ass
fil
te
r
(BPF
)
using
m
ic
rostrip
coupl
e
l
ine
s
for
W
LAN
(2.
4GHZ
)
appl
i
ca
t
ions,”
in
2016
Inte
rnational
Confe
ren
ce
on
El
e
ct
ri
cal
,
El
ectronics,
an
d
Optimizati
on
Te
chni
ques
(
ICEEO
T
)
,
201
6,
pp
.
3
629
–
3632.
[10]
J.
Selga
,
P.
Vél
e
z,
M.
Ore
ll
an
a,
M.
Sans,
A.
Rod
rigue
z
,
and
V.
E
.
Boria,
“
Size
R
e
duct
ion
and
Spurious
Suppress
ion
in
Microstri
p
C
ouple
d
Li
n
e
Ba
ndpass
Filt
ers
by
m
ea
ns
of
Cap
ac
i
ti
ve
El
e
ct
rom
agne
t
ic
Bandg
a
ps,”
in
2016
IE
E
E
MTT
-
S
Inte
rn
ational Microwave
Symposium (
IMS
)
,
2016,
vol
.
1
,
n
o.
2
,
pp
.
31
–
34
.
[11]
T.
K.
Das
and
S
.
Chat
t
erjee
,
“
Spurious
Harm
onic
Suppress
ion
in
a
Folded
Para
l
l
el
-
Couple
d
Mi
c
rostrip
Bandpa
ss
Filt
er
b
y
using
T
ria
ngul
ar
Corrug
at
ions,
”
2017
De
vi
c
es
Int
egr.
Cir
cui
t
,
pp
.
23
–
24
,
2017.
[12]
M.
Ali
and
T.
Abbas,
“
Co
m
pac
t
,
Mea
nder
ed
-
Li
ne
Microstri
p
Bandpa
ss
Filt
er,”
in
17th
IEE
E
Inte
rnational
M
ult
i
Topic
Conf
ere
nc
e
2014
,
2014,
pp
.
67
–
72
.
[13]
V.
K.
Kil
la
m
setty
and
B.
Mukhe
rje
e
,
“
Minia
tur
ised
highly
s
el
e
ct
i
ve
bandp
ass
fil
t
er
with
v
er
y
wid
e
stopband
usin
g
m
ea
nder
coupl
e
d
li
n
es,
”
Elec
tron.
Let
t.
,
vo
l. 53,
no.
13
,
pp
.
889
–
890,
2017
.
[14]
N.
A.
W
ah
ab,
I
.
Pas
y
a
,
M
.
F.
A.
Khal
id,
I.
M.
Yass
in,
S.
H.
Herm
an,
and
Z
.
Aw
ang,
“
Ps
eudo
-
El
li
p
ti
c
Bandp
ass
Filt
ers
Us
ing
C
l
osed
-
Loop
Reso
nat
or
,
”
In
t. J.
Ad
v.
S
ci. Eng. Inf.
Technol
.
,
vo
l. 7,
no.
April
,
pp
.
34
5
–
351,
2017
.
[15]
A.
Kum
ar
and
M.
V
Kart
ikey
a
n,
“
Design
and
re
alization
of
m
ic
rostrip
fil
t
ers
with
new
def
ecte
d
ground
struct
ure
(
DG
S ),
”
Eng
.
S
ci
.
Techno
l. an
I
nt.
J.
,
vo
l. 20, no
.
2
,
pp
.
679
–
686
,
2017.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.