I
nd
o
ne
s
ia
n J
o
urna
l o
f
E
lect
rica
l En
g
ineering
a
nd
Co
m
p
u
t
er
Science
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
1
,
J
u
ly
201
8
,
p
p
.
74
~
81
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
ee
cs
.
v
11
.i
1
.
p
p
74
-
81
74
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ia
e
s
co
r
e.
co
m/jo
u
r
n
a
ls
/in
d
ex
.
p
h
p
/
ijeec
s
M
o
deling
of
1
2
0
W Mo
no
crys
tallin
e
Photo
v
o
ltaic
M
o
dule
U
sing
M
ATL
AB Si
m
uli
nk
Siti
A
m
ely
J
u
m
a
a
t
,
Adhw
a
A
m
s
y
a
r
Sy
a
zw
a
n Ab
M
a
j
id,
M
o
hd
No
o
r
Abdu
lla
h,
Nur
H
a
nis
Ra
dzi,
Ro
ha
iza
H
a
m
da
n,
S
uria
na
Sa
li
m
i
n
G
re
e
n
a
n
d
S
u
sta
in
a
b
le
En
e
rg
y
F
o
c
u
s G
ro
u
p
,
F
a
c
u
l
ty
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
E
lec
tro
n
ic E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
u
n
Hu
ss
e
in
O
n
n
M
a
lay
sia
,
8
6
4
0
0
P
a
r
it
Ra
ja,
Ba
tu
P
a
h
a
t,
Jo
h
o
r,
M
a
lay
sia
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
ST
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
J
a
n
28
,
2
0
1
8
R
ev
i
s
ed
Mar
23
,
2
0
1
8
A
cc
ep
ted
A
p
r
1
5
,
2
0
1
8
T
h
is
p
ro
jec
t
a
i
m
s
to
m
o
d
e
l
a
so
lar
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic
(P
V
)
M
o
d
u
le
u
sin
g
M
AT
LAB
S
i
m
u
li
n
k
.
In
Re
n
e
w
a
b
le
En
e
rg
y
(RE)
f
ield
,
m
a
n
y
st
u
d
ies
h
a
v
e
b
e
e
n
c
a
rried
o
u
t
t
o
d
e
term
in
e
th
e
lev
e
l
o
f
e
ff
icie
n
c
y
a
n
d
p
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
o
f
a
sp
e
c
if
ic
P
V
m
o
d
u
le.
T
h
e
re
f
o
re
,
th
is
re
se
a
rc
h
w
il
l
c
a
rr
y
o
u
t
th
e
m
o
d
e
li
n
g
o
f
th
e
1
2
0
W
M
o
n
o
c
ry
sta
ll
in
e
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic
M
o
d
u
le
b
y
S
u
-
Ka
m
S
o
lar
u
sin
g
M
AT
LAB
S
im
u
li
n
k
to
d
e
term
in
e
th
e
e
f
f
ici
e
n
c
y
a
n
d
p
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
.
T
h
e
in
p
u
t
p
a
ra
m
e
ters
th
a
t
c
o
n
sists
o
f
S
o
la
r
Irra
d
ian
c
e
(G
)
a
n
d
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
tu
re
(T
)
d
a
ta
w
il
l
b
e
c
o
ll
e
c
ted
a
t
lo
c
a
ti
o
n
1
.
8
6
3
5
°
N,
1
0
3
.
1
0
8
9
°
E
w
h
ich
is
i
n
P
a
rit
Ra
ja,
Ba
tu
P
a
h
a
t,
J
o
h
o
r.
T
h
e
re
su
lt
s
a
re
sh
o
w
n
in
I
-
V
c
u
rv
e
a
n
d
P
-
V
c
u
rv
e
a
n
d
c
o
m
p
a
re
d
w
it
h
th
e
th
e
o
ry
o
f
I
-
V
a
n
d
P
-
V
c
u
rv
e
.
Oth
e
r
th
a
n
th
a
t,
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
h
a
v
e
d
iff
e
r
e
n
t
p
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
in
d
if
f
e
r
e
n
t
v
a
lu
e
o
f
irra
d
ian
c
e
a
n
d
tem
p
e
r
a
tu
re
.
L
a
stl
y
,
th
e
P
V
M
o
d
u
le
is
w
o
rk
e
ff
ici
e
n
tl
y
a
n
d
f
u
ll
p
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
a
t
S
tan
d
a
rd
T
e
st Co
n
d
i
to
n
(S
T
C).
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
So
lar
R
en
e
w
ab
le
e
n
er
g
y
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
(
P
V)
MA
T
L
A
B
s
i
m
u
li
n
k
Co
p
y
rig
h
t
©
2
0
1
8
In
stit
u
te o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
S
c
ien
c
e
.
Al
l
rig
h
ts re
se
rv
e
d
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Sit
i
Am
el
y
J
u
m
aa
t
,
Gr
ee
n
an
d
S
u
s
tai
n
ab
le
E
n
er
g
y
Fo
cu
s
Gr
o
u
p
,
Facu
lt
y
o
f
E
lec
tr
ical
an
d
E
lectr
o
n
ic
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
,
Un
i
v
er
s
iti T
u
n
H
u
s
s
ei
n
On
n
Ma
la
y
s
ia,
8
6
4
0
0
P
a
r
it R
aj
a,
B
atu
P
ah
at,
J
o
h
o
r
,
Ma
lay
s
ia
.
E
m
ail:
s
itia
m
el
y
1
9
7
9
@
g
m
a
il.
co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
No
w
ad
a
y
s
,
t
h
er
e
ar
e
t
w
o
m
ai
n
co
n
ce
r
n
t
h
at
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
h
ig
h
li
g
h
ted
b
y
th
e
w
o
r
ld
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
g
en
er
atio
n
w
h
ich
ar
e
s
h
o
r
tag
e
s
o
f
f
o
s
s
il
f
u
els
a
n
d
i
m
p
ac
t
o
f
t
h
e
g
e
n
er
ated
p
o
w
er
to
w
ar
d
s
th
e
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
.
Ma
n
y
s
t
u
d
ies
an
d
r
esear
c
h
es
h
av
e
b
ee
n
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
y
t
h
e
ac
ad
em
ician
s
a
n
d
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
i
s
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
o
f
th
e
g
r
ee
n
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
.
I
t
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
m
a
n
y
k
i
n
d
s
o
f
r
e
s
o
u
r
ce
s
s
u
c
h
as
s
o
lar
,
w
i
n
d
,
h
y
d
r
o
a
n
d
m
an
y
m
o
r
e.
So
,
b
y
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ci
n
g
th
e
g
r
ee
n
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
to
t
h
e
w
o
r
ld
,
it
ca
n
en
s
u
r
e
th
e
s
e
m
at
ter
s
ca
n
b
e
d
r
aw
o
u
t
f
r
o
m
th
e
w
o
r
ld
’
s
co
n
ce
r
n
.
So
lar
p
o
w
er
is
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
u
s
ed
f
o
r
g
r
ee
n
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
it
h
a
d
b
ee
n
w
id
el
y
u
s
ed
in
t
h
e
w
o
r
ld
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
t
w
o
i
m
p
o
r
ta
n
t
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
s
to
u
s
e
r
en
e
w
ab
le
en
er
g
y
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
h
i
g
h
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
an
d
lo
w
ca
r
b
o
n
e
m
i
s
s
io
n
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
s
o
l
ar
p
o
w
er
th
a
t
g
e
n
er
ated
f
r
o
m
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
(
P
V)
m
o
d
u
le
m
a
tch
t
h
e
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
s
as
it
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
m
o
s
t
e
s
s
e
n
tial
s
a
n
d
p
r
er
eq
u
is
ite
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
r
eso
u
r
ce
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
t
h
e
u
b
iq
u
it
y
,
ab
u
n
d
a
n
ce
an
d
s
u
s
ta
in
ab
ilit
y
o
f
s
o
lar
r
ad
ian
t e
n
er
g
y
[
1
]
.
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
(
P
V)
is
a
m
ar
r
iag
e
o
f
t
w
o
w
o
r
d
s
“
p
h
o
to
”
w
h
ic
h
i
s
li
g
h
t
a
n
d
“v
o
ltaic”
w
h
ic
h
is
elec
tr
icit
y
.
P
V
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
u
s
e
d
to
d
escr
ib
e
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
u
s
ed
to
co
n
v
er
t so
lar
en
er
g
y
in
to
el
ec
tr
icit
y
[
2
]
.
I
n
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
,
s
o
m
e
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
id
e
n
ti
f
ied
s
u
c
h
as
t
h
e
in
i
tial
co
s
t,
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
a
n
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
o
f
p
o
w
er
g
en
er
atio
n
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
p
r
o
p
er
m
o
d
eli
n
g
a
n
d
s
i
m
u
latio
n
p
la
y
s
an
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
r
o
le
to
w
ar
d
s
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
o
f
t
h
e
P
V
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
[
3
]
.
So
,
t
h
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
th
i
s
r
esear
ch
ar
e
t
o
d
ev
elo
p
th
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
(
P
V)
m
o
d
u
le
u
s
in
g
MA
T
L
A
B
Si
m
u
li
n
k
,
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
1
2
0
W
Mo
n
o
cr
y
s
talli
n
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
lt
aic
b
y
S
u
-
Ka
m
So
lar
an
d
to
an
al
y
ze
th
e
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
(
P
V)
m
o
d
u
le
u
s
i
n
g
MA
T
L
A
B
Si
m
u
lin
k
.
So
m
e
r
esear
ch
es
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
m
ad
e
to
m
a
k
e
a
p
r
o
p
er
m
o
d
eli
n
g
o
f
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
i
n
M
A
T
L
A
B
Si
m
u
li
n
k
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
Mo
d
elin
g
o
f 1
2
0
W
Mo
n
o
crys
t
a
llin
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
Mo
d
u
le
U
s
in
g
MATLAB
S
imu
lin
k
(
S
iti A
mely
Ju
ma
a
t)
75
T
h
is
p
ap
er
[
4
]
h
av
e
co
m
e
o
u
t
w
it
h
m
o
d
elin
g
o
f
MSX6
0
(
6
0
W
)
an
d
MSX6
4
(
6
4
W
)
P
V
M
o
d
u
le
an
d
f
i
n
d
o
u
t
t
h
at
th
e
P
V1
-
D
b
lo
ck
is
n
o
t
ac
c
u
r
ate
i
n
h
i
g
h
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e.
I
n
p
ap
er
[
5
]
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
ab
o
u
t
KD3
2
5
GX
(
3
2
5
W
)
an
d
KD3
3
0
GX
(
3
3
0
W
)
P
V
m
o
d
u
le.
Fro
m
t
h
e
m
o
d
elin
g
,
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
o
n
l
y
w
o
r
k
i
n
f
u
ll
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
in
Sta
n
d
ar
d
T
est
C
o
n
d
itio
n
(
ST
C
)
.
Nex
t,
th
i
s
p
ap
er
[
6
]
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
ab
o
u
t
th
e
s
tep
s
o
f
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
m
o
d
eli
n
g
i
n
M
A
T
L
A
B
Si
m
u
li
n
k
a
n
d
t
h
e
i
n
p
u
t
p
ar
a
m
eter
o
f
So
lar
I
r
r
ad
ian
ce
(
G)
s
et
f
r
o
m
2
0
0
-
6
0
0
W
/m
2
an
d
th
e
T
e
m
p
er
atu
r
e
(
T
)
v
ar
ies
f
r
o
m
0
-
60
0
c.
L
a
s
tl
y
,
p
ap
er
[
7
]
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
o
n
t
h
e
MS
R
2
4
5
W
P
V
Mo
d
u
le
u
s
i
n
g
P
V
1
-
D
eq
u
atio
n
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
I
-
V
a
n
d
P
-
V
cu
r
v
e
is
s
i
m
il
ar
w
it
h
th
e
d
atas
h
ee
t
t
h
at
s
h
o
w
n
th
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
cu
r
r
en
t (
I
mp
)
,
th
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
v
o
ltag
e
(
V
mp
)
an
d
th
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
(
P
mp
).
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
w
il
l b
e
f
o
cu
s
in
g
o
n
th
e
m
eth
o
d
s
to
d
ev
elo
p
th
e
m
o
d
eli
n
g
o
f
t
h
e
s
o
lar
PV
m
o
d
u
le
u
s
i
n
g
MA
T
L
A
B
Si
m
u
li
n
k
.
Ot
h
er
th
an
th
at,
t
h
e
d
ata
co
llectio
n
a
n
d
also
th
e
s
u
itab
le
eq
u
atio
n
u
s
e
d
in
th
i
s
r
esear
ch
w
il
l b
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
.
I
t
is
d
iv
id
ed
i
n
to
m
eteo
r
o
lo
g
ical
d
ata,
th
e
P
V
d
ata
an
d
th
e
eq
u
atio
n
u
s
e
d
f
o
r
th
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
2
.
1
.
M
e
t
eo
ro
lo
g
ica
l D
a
t
a
T
h
e
m
eteo
r
o
lo
g
ical
d
ata
t
h
at
u
s
ed
i
n
m
o
d
elin
g
of
t
h
e
s
o
lar
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
i
s
o
b
tai
n
ed
f
r
o
m
R
E
T
Scr
ee
n
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
atab
ase
.
T
h
is
s
o
f
t
war
e
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
t
h
e
f
r
ee
v
er
s
io
n
o
n
ac
ad
e
m
ic
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
to
m
a
n
ag
e
t
h
e
e
n
er
g
y
a
n
d
h
av
e
v
ar
iet
y
o
f
lo
ca
tio
n
[
8
]
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
m
a
n
y
i
n
p
u
t
s
d
ata
th
at
ca
n
b
e
f
o
u
n
d
in
th
e
R
E
T
Scr
ee
n
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e.
I
n
th
is
r
esear
ch
,
t
h
e
i
n
p
u
t
s
f
o
r
m
o
d
elin
g
t
h
e
s
o
lar
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
a
r
e
th
e
So
lar
I
r
r
ad
ian
ce
(
G)
a
n
d
T
em
p
er
atu
r
e
(
T
)
.
So
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
an
d
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e
d
ata
w
ill
b
e
co
llected
at
lo
ca
tio
n
1
.
8
6
3
5
°
N,
1
0
3
.
1
0
8
9
°
E
w
h
ic
h
is
i
n
P
ar
it
R
aj
a,
B
atu
P
ah
at,
J
o
h
o
r
.
Fro
m
t
h
e
d
ata
co
llected
,
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
an
d
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e
f
o
r
Ma
y
,
J
u
n
e
a
n
d
J
u
l
y
2
0
1
6
w
il
l
b
e
u
s
ed
i
n
t
h
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t
an
d
m
a
k
e
as
th
e
ex
a
m
p
l
e
f
o
r
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
as
tab
u
lated
in
T
ab
le
1
.
I
t
w
i
ll
f
u
r
t
h
er
d
is
cu
s
s
o
n
th
e
r
es
u
lt a
n
d
w
ill b
e
an
al
y
ze
.
T
ab
le
1
.
Me
teo
r
o
lo
g
ical
Data
M
o
n
t
h
(
2
0
1
6
)
S
o
l
a
r
I
r
r
a
d
i
a
t
i
o
n
(
k
W
h
/
m
2
)
S
o
l
a
r
I
r
r
a
d
i
a
n
c
e
(
k
W
/
m
2
)
T
e
mp
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
(
o
c)
M
a
y
4
.
6
0
0
.
1
9
2
2
7
.
2
Ju
n
e
4
.
5
7
0
.
1
9
0
2
6
.
7
Ju
l
y
4
.
4
9
0
.
1
8
7
2
6
.
2
2
.
2
.
P
ho
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic
M
o
du
le
T
h
e
P
V
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
is
r
ep
r
esen
ti
n
g
b
y
t
h
e
I
-
V
c
u
r
v
e
(
c
u
r
r
en
t
-
v
o
lta
g
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
)
an
d
th
e
P
-
V
cu
r
v
e
(
p
o
w
er
-
v
o
lta
g
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
)
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1.
T
h
e
P
V
w
i
ll
b
e
a
t
f
u
ll
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
d
u
r
i
n
g
Stan
d
ar
d
T
est C
o
n
d
itio
n
(
ST
C
)
w
it
h
s
o
l
ar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
o
f
1
0
0
0
W
/m
2
a
n
d
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e
o
f
2
5
o
c.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
C
h
ar
ac
ter
is
t
ics o
f
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l
.
11
,
No
.
1
,
J
u
ly
201
8
:
7
4
–
8
1
76
T
h
is
cu
r
v
e
is
u
s
ed
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
p
h
o
to
v
o
l
taic
ce
lls
,
m
o
d
u
le
s
a
n
d
also
ar
r
ay
s
.
T
h
e
in
p
u
t
f
o
r
t
h
is
cu
r
v
e
i
s
t
h
e
s
o
la
r
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
an
d
ce
ll
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
I
-
V
a
n
d
P
-
V
c
u
r
v
e
s
w
il
l
b
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
th
e
P
V
ce
ll
o
r
m
o
d
u
le
i
s
o
p
er
atin
g
at
s
ev
er
al
v
o
lta
g
e
a
n
d
cu
r
r
en
t.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
v
alu
e
i
s
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
at
k
n
ee
p
o
in
t
o
f
th
e
cu
r
v
e
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
f
o
r
m
u
la
o
f
v
o
ltag
e
ti
m
es
cu
r
r
en
t.
So
,
it
r
ep
r
esen
t
s
th
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
a
P
V
m
o
d
u
le.
Ot
h
er
th
a
n
t
h
at,
th
e
cu
r
v
e
p
atter
n
w
i
l
l
b
e
ch
an
g
e
in
ca
s
e
o
f
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
v
al
u
e
o
f
s
o
lar
i
n
s
o
latio
n
a
n
d
s
a
m
e
v
a
lu
e
o
f
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e
o
r
v
ice
v
er
s
a
[
9
]
,
[
1
0
]
.
I
n
t
h
is
r
esear
ch
,
t
h
e
s
e
lecte
d
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
to
b
e
an
al
y
s
e
i
s
1
2
0
W
Mo
n
o
cr
y
s
talli
n
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
l
taic
S
u
-
Ka
m
So
lar
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
p
ec
i
f
icati
o
n
s
an
d
r
atin
g
s
at
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
test
co
n
d
iti
o
n
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
T
ab
le
2
.
T
ab
le
2
.
C
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
1
2
0
W
Mo
n
o
cr
y
s
tal
lin
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
l
taic
No
D
e
scri
p
t
i
o
n
A
b
b
r
e
v
i
a
t
i
o
n
D
a
t
a
1
N
o
mi
n
a
l
P
o
w
e
r
,
P
M
P
MA
X
(
W
)
1
2
0
2
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
a
t
P
MAX
V
PM
(V)
1
7
.
7
3
C
u
r
r
e
n
t
a
t
P
MAX
I
PM
(
A
)
6
.
8
4
O
p
e
n
C
i
r
c
u
i
t
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
V
OC
(V)
2
1
.
4
5
S
h
o
r
t
C
i
r
c
u
i
t
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
I
SC
(
A
)
7
.
2
6
M
o
d
u
l
e
Ef
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
%
1
5
.
6
8
7
M
a
x
i
m
u
m
S
y
st
e
m V
o
l
t
a
g
e
V
SY
S
(V)
6
0
0
8
M
o
d
u
l
e
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
V
MO
D
U
L
E
(V)
12
9
D
i
o
d
e
R
a
t
i
n
g
I
D
IO
D
E
(
A
)
10
2
.
3
.
Circ
uit
a
nd
E
qu
a
t
io
n
T
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
m
o
d
u
le
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
C
ell
t
h
a
t
ar
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
i
n
p
ar
allel.
T
h
is
ce
l
l
is
b
asicall
y
a
p
-
n
j
u
n
ctio
n
th
a
t
is
f
ab
r
icate
d
an
d
en
ab
les
to
co
n
v
er
ts
t
h
e
lig
h
t
e
n
er
g
y
in
to
elec
tr
icit
y
.
T
h
e
p
h
o
to
n
w
il
l
b
e
ab
s
o
r
b
ed
b
y
s
e
m
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
af
ter
th
e
ce
ll
i
s
ex
p
o
s
ed
to
th
e
lig
h
t.
T
h
en
th
e
elec
tr
o
n
w
i
ll
f
lo
w
a
n
d
cr
ea
tin
g
t
h
e
elec
tr
icit
y
.
T
h
e
id
ea
l P
V
1
Dio
d
e
Mo
d
el
is
an
id
ea
l P
V
an
d
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
P
V
1
Dio
d
e
Mo
d
el
T
h
er
e
ar
e
f
o
u
r
eq
u
atio
n
n
ee
d
ed
f
o
r
cr
ea
tin
g
ea
ch
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
a
n
d
it
w
ill
g
et
i
n
v
o
lv
e
alo
n
g
th
e
co
m
p
let
io
n
o
f
t
h
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
T
h
i
s
eq
u
atio
n
is
u
s
ed
to
d
ev
elo
p
th
e
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
i
n
th
e
M
A
T
L
A
B
Si
m
u
l
in
k
an
d
cr
ea
te
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
t
h
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
(
P
V)
m
o
d
u
le.
Ne
x
t is
th
e
eq
u
atio
n
s
i
n
v
o
l
v
ed
in
t
h
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t [
7
]
ℎ
=
[
+
(
∗
(
−
)
)
]
∗
(
1000
)
]
(
1
)
=
(
∗
∗
∗
∗
)
−
1
⁄
(
2
)
=
∗
(
)
3
*
[
(
∗
∗
)
∗
(
1
−
1
)
]
(
3
)
=
∗
ℎ
−
∗
∗
{
[
(
(
)
∗
∗
∗
)
∗
(
+
∗
)
]
−
1
}
(
4
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
Mo
d
elin
g
o
f 1
2
0
W
Mo
n
o
crys
t
a
llin
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
Mo
d
u
le
U
s
in
g
MATLAB
S
imu
lin
k
(
S
iti A
mely
Ju
ma
a
t)
77
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S
A
ND
AN
AL
Y
SI
S
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
w
ill
d
is
cu
s
s
o
n
t
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
s
u
s
ed
to
d
ev
elo
p
t
h
i
s
p
r
o
j
ec
t
u
n
til
d
eter
m
in
ed
th
e
r
esu
lt
a
n
d
m
atc
h
t
h
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
t
h
is
r
ese
ar
ch
.
T
h
e
m
ai
n
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
t
h
i
s
s
ec
tio
n
is
to
e
x
p
lai
n
ab
o
u
t
t
h
e
s
tep
s
in
m
o
d
eli
n
g
th
e
1
2
0
W
Mo
n
o
cr
y
s
talli
ne
P
V
m
o
d
u
le.
T
h
e
s
tep
s
o
f
t
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
ar
e
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
th
r
ee
p
ar
ts
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
th
e
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
o
f
p
r
o
j
ec
t
,
th
e
P
V
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
a
n
al
y
s
is
a
n
d
also
th
e
P
V
ef
f
icien
c
y
an
a
l
y
s
is
.
3
.
1
.
Si
m
ula
t
io
n o
f
P
ro
j
ec
t
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
o
f
p
r
o
j
ec
t
a
r
e
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
d
eli
n
g
o
f
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
an
d
t
h
e
m
o
d
eli
n
g
o
f
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
is
d
ev
elo
p
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
co
m
b
i
n
a
tio
n
o
f
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
T
h
en
,
t
h
e
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
s
ar
e
r
ep
r
esen
tin
g
th
e
eq
u
at
io
n
f
r
o
m
P
V
1
Dio
d
e
m
o
d
el.
T
h
e
d
e
s
ig
n
o
f
th
e
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
b
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le.
T
h
e
d
es
ig
n
o
f
t
h
e
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
ar
e
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
t
h
e
P
V
Mo
d
u
le,
S
ig
n
al
Ge
n
er
ato
r
,
R
ep
ea
ti
n
g
Seq
u
en
ce
a
n
d
Sco
p
e.
I
scr
is
7
.
2
A
a
n
d
V
oc
is
2
1
.
4
V
o
f
t
h
e
P
V
Mo
d
u
le
ar
e
s
et
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
s
o
f
1
2
0
W
M
o
n
o
cr
y
s
talli
n
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
I
V
an
d
P
V
cu
r
v
e
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
t
h
e
s
c
o
p
e
as
s
tated
in
th
e
d
iag
r
a
m
.
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
la
tio
n
d
esi
g
n
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
3
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
C
o
m
p
lete
S
y
s
te
m
o
f
P
V
T
h
e
m
ai
n
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
o
f
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
is
d
ev
elo
p
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
c
o
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
ea
c
h
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
.
B
asicall
y
,
ev
er
y
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
d
if
f
er
en
t
f
u
n
ctio
n
b
ased
o
n
th
e
d
esi
g
n
o
f
th
e
b
lo
ck
d
i
ag
r
a
m
s
.
T
h
e
i
n
p
u
t
p
ar
am
eter
s
u
s
ed
in
th
e
m
ai
n
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
o
f
P
V
ar
e
th
e
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
an
d
tem
p
er
atu
r
e.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
e
m
ai
n
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
ar
e
I
an
d
V
c
u
r
v
e
a
n
d
g
i
v
e
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt o
f
I
V
an
d
P
V
cu
r
v
e
s
.
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
d
esi
g
n
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
Ma
in
Su
b
s
y
s
te
m
o
f
P
V
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l
.
11
,
No
.
1
,
J
u
ly
201
8
:
7
4
–
8
1
78
T
h
e
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
1
o
f
P
V
is
d
esi
g
n
to
g
et
th
e
P
V
p
h
o
to
cu
r
r
en
t
,
w
h
ich
i
s
t
h
e
lig
h
t
g
en
er
ated
cu
r
r
en
t
o
n
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
i
n
A
a
n
d
r
ef
er
r
in
g
to
E
q
u
atio
n
(
1
)
.
T
h
e
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
2
o
f
P
V
is
d
esi
g
n
to
g
et
th
e
R
ev
er
s
e
Satu
r
atio
n
C
u
r
r
e
n
t,
I
r
s
in
A
a
n
d
r
ef
er
r
in
g
to
E
q
u
atio
n
(
2
)
.
T
h
e
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
3
o
f
P
V
is
d
esig
n
to
g
et
th
e
P
V
Mo
d
u
le
Satu
r
atio
n
C
u
r
r
en
t,
I
d
in
A
a
n
d
r
ef
er
r
in
g
to
E
q
u
atio
n
(
3
)
.
L
astl
y
,
t
h
e
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
4
o
f
P
V
is
d
esi
g
n
to
g
et
th
e
Mo
d
u
le
o
f
O
u
tp
u
t
C
u
r
r
en
t,
I
pv
i
n
A
.
T
h
is
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
r
ef
er
r
in
g
to
E
q
u
atio
n
(
4
)
.
3
.
2
.
P
V
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
nce
Ana
ly
s
i
s
T
h
e
P
V
P
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
A
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
o
f
1
2
0
W
Mo
n
o
cr
y
s
ta
lli
n
e
Ph
o
to
v
o
ltaic
is
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
b
y
co
m
p
ar
ed
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
g
r
ap
h
w
it
h
th
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
g
r
ap
h
.
I
n
t
h
is
p
ar
t,
th
e
r
esu
lt
f
r
o
m
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
an
d
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
t
h
e
r
e
f
er
en
ce
g
r
ap
h
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
g
r
ap
h
o
f
P
V
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
5
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
R
ef
er
en
ce
Gr
ap
h
Firstl
y
,
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
m
o
d
u
le
ca
n
b
e
s
i
m
u
lated
b
y
co
m
p
ar
i
n
g
th
e
g
r
ap
h
o
f
th
e
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
w
it
h
th
e
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
in
d
if
f
er
en
t
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e.
I
n
th
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t,
th
e
v
alu
es
o
f
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
ar
e
v
ar
y
in
g
f
r
o
m
1
5
,
2
0
,
2
5
,
3
0
an
d
3
5
o
c
an
d
th
e
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
i
an
ce
is
co
n
s
tan
t
l
y
at
1
k
W
/
m
2
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
g
r
ap
h
,
d
u
r
in
g
d
if
f
er
en
t
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
an
d
p
o
w
er
is
c
o
n
s
ta
n
t
u
n
til
r
ea
c
h
i
n
g
t
h
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
p
o
in
t.
Fo
r
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
,
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
s
i
m
u
lated
1
2
0
W
M
o
n
o
cr
y
s
talli
n
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
also
g
iv
e
th
e
s
a
m
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
cu
r
r
en
t a
n
d
p
o
w
er
.
T
h
e
g
r
ap
h
s
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
6
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
I
V
an
d
P
V
Gr
ap
h
in
Dif
f
er
en
t T
e
m
p
er
atu
r
e
Seco
n
d
l
y
,
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
w
it
h
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
v
al
u
es
o
f
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
al
s
o
ca
n
d
eter
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
I
n
th
i
s
p
r
o
j
ec
t,
th
e
v
alu
es
o
f
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
a
r
e
v
ar
y
in
g
f
r
o
m
0
.
2
,
0
.
4
,
0
.
6
,
0
.
8
an
d
1
k
W
/
m
2
an
d
th
e
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
is
co
n
s
ta
n
tl
y
at
2
5
o
c
.
T
h
e
d
if
f
er
en
t
in
p
u
t
o
f
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
m
a
k
es
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
an
d
p
o
w
er
b
ec
o
m
e
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t.
Fo
r
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
,
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
s
i
m
u
lated
1
2
0
W
Mo
n
o
cr
y
s
ta
llin
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
al
s
o
g
i
v
e
t
h
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
v
a
lu
e
o
f
cu
r
r
en
t a
n
d
p
o
w
er
.
T
h
e
g
r
ap
h
s
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
7
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
Mo
d
elin
g
o
f 1
2
0
W
Mo
n
o
crys
t
a
llin
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
Mo
d
u
le
U
s
in
g
MATLAB
S
imu
lin
k
(
S
iti A
mely
Ju
ma
a
t)
79
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
I
V
an
d
P
V
Gr
ap
h
in
Dif
f
er
en
t I
r
r
ad
ian
ce
3
.
3
.
P
V
E
f
f
iciency
Ana
ly
s
is
P
V
ef
f
ic
ien
c
y
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
is
th
e
th
ir
d
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
th
at
n
ee
d
to
b
e
ac
h
iev
ed
i
n
t
h
i
s
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
an
al
y
ze
t
h
e
e
f
f
ic
ien
c
y
o
f
1
2
0
W
Mo
n
o
cr
y
s
talli
n
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
(
P
V)
m
o
d
u
le,
t
h
e
r
es
u
lts
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
t
h
r
ee
m
o
n
t
h
s
:
Ma
y
,
J
u
n
e
a
n
d
J
u
l
y
2
0
1
6
ar
e
b
ein
g
co
m
p
ar
ed
.
T
h
e
p
ar
am
eter
f
o
r
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
is
s
et
to
0
.
2
,
0
.
4
,
0
.
6
,
0
.
8
an
d
1
.
0
k
W
/m
2
a
n
d
th
e
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
is
co
n
s
ta
n
tl
y
s
et
b
ased
o
n
th
e
d
ata
f
r
o
m
R
E
T
Scr
ee
n
E
x
p
er
t.
T
h
e
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
f
o
r
th
r
ee
m
o
n
t
h
s
ar
e
s
et
d
if
f
er
en
tl
y
b
ased
o
n
th
e
R
E
T
Scr
ee
n
Data
.
Fo
r
Ma
y
(
2
7
.
2
o
c)
,
J
u
n
e
(
2
6
.
7
o
c)
an
d
J
u
l
y
(
2
6
.
2
o
c)
2
0
1
6
.
T
h
e
I
V
cu
r
v
e
i
s
a
r
ep
r
esen
ta
ti
o
n
o
f
C
u
r
r
e
n
t
Vs
Vo
ltag
e
C
u
r
v
e.
I
t
is
a
s
u
p
er
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
th
e
I
V
cu
r
v
e
o
f
th
e
s
o
lar
ce
ll
d
io
d
e
in
th
e
d
ar
k
w
it
h
th
e
li
g
h
t
-
g
e
n
er
ated
c
u
r
r
en
t.
T
h
e
lig
h
t
h
as
t
h
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
s
h
if
tin
g
t
h
e
I
V
cu
r
v
e
d
o
w
n
i
n
to
th
e
f
o
u
r
t
h
q
u
ad
r
an
t
w
h
er
e
p
o
w
er
ca
n
b
e
ex
tr
ac
ted
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
d
io
d
e.
T
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
Vo
lta
g
e
(
1
7
.
7
V)
an
d
C
u
r
r
en
t (
6
.
8
)
in
d
atash
ee
t a
s
r
ef
er
en
ce
.
Fro
m
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
,
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
Vo
ltag
e
(
V
mp
)
an
d
C
u
r
r
en
t
(
I
mp
)
at
Ma
x
i
m
u
m
P
o
w
er
P
o
in
t
(
MPP
)
is
al
m
o
s
t
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
w
it
h
t
h
e
v
a
lu
es
in
1
2
0
W
Mo
n
o
cr
y
s
ta
lli
n
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
d
atas
h
ee
t.
L
astl
y
,
t
h
e
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
th
e
g
r
ap
h
o
n
l
y
ca
n
b
e
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
ac
cu
r
atel
y
d
u
r
in
g
Sta
n
d
ar
d
T
est
C
o
n
d
itio
n
(
1
0
0
0
W
/m
2
,
2
5
o
c)
.
Oth
er
th
a
n
th
at,
th
e
P
V
is
n
o
t
w
o
r
k
in
g
i
n
f
u
ll
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
o
it
d
r
o
p
p
ed
th
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
lev
el
i
n
ter
m
o
f
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
cu
r
r
en
t.
T
h
e
g
r
ap
h
s
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
8
.
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
I
V
C
u
r
v
e
s
(
a)
Ma
y
,
(
b
)
J
u
n
e
an
d
(
c)
J
u
ly
2
0
1
6
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l
.
11
,
No
.
1
,
J
u
ly
201
8
:
7
4
–
8
1
80
Nex
t,
t
h
e
P
V
C
u
r
v
e
is
a
r
ep
r
esen
tat
io
n
o
f
P
o
w
er
v
s
Vo
lta
g
e
f
o
r
1
2
0
W
Mo
n
o
cr
y
s
tall
in
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
Mo
d
u
le.
T
h
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
P
o
w
er
(
1
2
0
W
)
an
d
Vo
ltag
e
(
1
7
.
7
V)
is
m
a
k
e
as
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
f
o
r
t
h
is
p
ar
t
.
B
ased
o
n
t
h
e
g
r
ap
h
,
t
h
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
P
o
w
er
(
P
mp
)
an
d
Vo
lta
g
e
(
V
mp
)
at
Ma
x
i
m
u
m
P
o
w
er
P
o
in
t
(
MP
P
)
is
alm
o
s
t
th
e
s
a
m
e
w
it
h
th
e
v
al
u
es
i
n
th
e
d
atas
h
ee
t.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
th
e
g
r
ap
h
o
n
l
y
ca
n
b
e
d
eter
m
i
n
e
d
ac
cu
r
atel
y
d
u
r
in
g
Stan
d
ar
d
T
est
C
o
n
d
it
io
n
(
1
0
0
0
W
/m
2
,
2
5
o
c)
.
Ot
h
er
t
h
a
n
th
at,
th
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
is
n
o
t
w
o
r
k
in
g
in
f
u
l
l
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
o
d
r
o
p
p
ed
th
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
e
f
f
icien
c
y
lev
el
in
ter
m
o
f
p
o
w
er
an
d
v
o
lta
g
e.
T
h
e
g
r
ap
h
s
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
9
.
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
P
V
C
u
r
v
es (
a)
Ma
y
,
(
b
)
J
u
n
e
an
d
(
c)
J
u
l
y
2
0
1
6
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
An
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
1
2
0
W
Mo
n
o
cr
y
s
tall
in
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltai
c
u
s
i
n
g
M
A
T
L
A
B
Si
m
u
li
n
k
h
as
b
ee
n
p
r
esen
ted
i
n
t
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
.
A
s
t
h
e
co
n
cl
u
s
io
n
,
t
h
e
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
u
s
in
g
M
A
T
L
A
B
Si
m
u
l
in
k
g
et
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt
al
m
o
s
t
th
e
s
a
m
e
w
it
h
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
I
-
V
an
d
P
-
V
cu
r
v
e
th
eo
r
etica
ll
y
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
o
f
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
h
as
b
ee
n
m
ad
e
b
ased
o
n
th
e
d
atash
ee
t
o
f
th
e
1
2
0
W
Su
-
Ka
m
So
lar
an
d
r
u
n
t
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
w
it
h
o
u
t
a
n
y
p
r
o
b
le
m
.
T
h
e
o
n
l
y
p
r
o
b
le
m
o
cc
u
r
is
th
e
g
r
ap
h
is
n
o
t s
m
o
o
t
h
as t
h
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
g
r
ap
h
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
f
ir
s
t p
u
r
p
o
s
e
is
ac
h
iev
ed
.
Seco
n
d
l
y
,
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt
s
o
b
tain
ed
,
a
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
ca
n
b
e
m
ad
e
f
o
r
d
if
f
er
en
t
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e
an
d
d
if
f
er
en
t
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
w
i
th
th
e
r
e
f
er
en
ce
g
r
ap
h
.
Fro
m
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
at
io
n
,
it
ca
n
b
e
co
n
clu
d
ed
t
h
at
t
h
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
s
o
f
b
o
t
h
in
p
u
t
p
ar
am
eter
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
a
d
if
f
er
en
t
p
a
tter
n
o
f
I
-
V
an
d
P
-
V
c
u
r
v
e
s
.
I
n
th
i
s
p
r
o
j
ec
t,
th
e
cu
r
v
e
s
ar
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
t
h
e
p
atter
n
as t
h
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
g
r
ap
h
.
So
,
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
is
ac
h
iev
ed
.
T
h
ir
d
ly
,
th
e
a
n
al
y
s
is
o
n
t
h
e
ef
f
icien
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
P
V
Mo
d
u
le
in
th
r
ee
co
n
s
ec
u
ti
v
e
m
o
n
th
s
w
h
ich
ar
e
Ma
y
,
J
u
n
e
a
n
d
J
u
l
y
2
0
1
6
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
m
ad
e.
B
u
t,
th
e
g
r
a
p
h
d
o
es
n
o
t
h
a
v
e
m
u
c
h
d
i
f
f
er
en
ce
s
d
u
e
to
t
h
e
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
d
ata
f
r
o
m
R
et
Scr
ee
n
.
B
u
t,
it
ca
n
b
e
co
n
cl
u
d
e
t
h
at
t
h
e
g
r
ap
h
w
ill
ac
h
iev
e
a
f
u
ll
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
i
f
i
t
is
i
n
Sta
n
d
ar
d
T
est
C
o
n
d
itio
n
(
ST
C
)
.
T
h
en
,
if
t
h
e
i
n
p
u
t
p
ar
a
m
eter
h
as
a
b
e
tter
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
s
,
t
h
e
n
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
t p
atter
n
o
f
I
-
V
an
d
P
-
V
cu
r
v
es c
a
n
b
e
s
ee
n
ea
s
i
l
y
.
So
,
th
e
t
h
ir
d
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
is
ac
h
i
ev
ed
.
Nex
t,
t
h
i
s
p
r
o
j
ec
t
ca
n
b
e
d
o
n
e
an
d
ac
h
ie
v
e
all
th
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
es
s
tated
f
o
r
t
h
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
it
ca
n
b
e
s
aid
th
at
t
h
er
e
i
s
a
co
r
r
elati
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
i
n
p
u
t p
ar
a
m
et
er
s
f
r
o
m
m
eteo
r
o
lo
g
ical
d
ata
t
o
p
r
ed
ict
I
-
V
an
d
P
-
V
cu
r
v
e
f
o
r
an
y
P
V
Mo
d
u
le
as
w
ell
a
s
d
esig
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
u
s
i
n
g
M
A
T
L
A
B
Si
m
u
li
n
k
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
Mo
d
elin
g
o
f 1
2
0
W
Mo
n
o
crys
t
a
llin
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
Mo
d
u
le
U
s
in
g
MATLAB
S
imu
lin
k
(
S
iti A
mely
Ju
ma
a
t)
81
ACK
NO
WL
E
D
G
E
M
E
NT
S
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
w
o
u
ld
lik
e
to
ac
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
th
e
R
e
s
ea
r
ch
Ma
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
C
en
ter
(
R
M
C
)
,
Un
i
v
er
s
iti
T
u
n
Hu
s
s
ei
n
On
n
Ma
l
y
s
ia
(
UT
H
M)
,
B
atu
P
ah
at,
J
o
h
o
r
,
Ma
la
y
s
ia
f
o
r
th
e
f
in
a
n
cial
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
o
f
th
is
s
ea
r
ch
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
is
p
ar
tl
y
b
y
R
M
C
u
n
d
er
th
e
U8
6
1
(
T
ie
r
1
)
Gr
an
t.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
H.
T
sa
i,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
G
e
n
e
r
a
li
z
e
d
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic
M
o
d
e
l
Us
in
g
M
ATLA
B/
S
i
m
u
li
n
k
,”
W
o
rld
Co
n
g
re
ss
o
n
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
(W
CECS
).
S
a
n
F
ra
n
c
isc
o
,
p
p
.
6
,
2
0
0
8
.
[2
]
K.
M
c
Do
n
a
ld
e
d
s
,
“
S
o
lar
El
e
c
tri
c
it
y
f
o
r
O
v
e
r
On
e
Bil
li
o
n
P
e
o
p
l
e
a
n
d
Tw
o
M
il
li
o
n
Jo
b
s
b
y
2
0
2
0
,”
Gr
e
e
n
p
e
a
c
e
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l.
Rep
o
rt n
u
mb
e
r:
1
,
2
0
0
6
.
[3
]
F
.
Brih
m
a
t
a
n
d
S
.
M
e
k
h
to
u
b
,
“
P
V
Ce
ll
T
e
m
p
e
ra
tu
re
/
P
V
P
o
w
e
r
Ou
tp
u
t
Re
latio
n
sh
i
p
s
Ho
m
e
r
M
e
th
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
Ca
lcu
latio
n
,”
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
S
c
ien
ti
fi
c
Res
e
a
rc
h
a
n
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
2
(
1
)
,
2
0
1
4
.
[4
]
S
.
S
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
,
“
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
a
n
d
S
im
u
latio
n
o
f
P
h
o
to
v
o
lt
a
ic
M
o
d
u
le
u
sin
g
M
A
TL
A
B
/
S
im
u
li
n
k
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Ch
e
mic
a
l
a
n
d
En
v
iro
n
me
n
ta
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
2
(
5
)
,
2
0
1
1
.
[5
]
S
.
V
.
V
e
d
a
n
a
y
a
k
a
m
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
De
tailed
M
AT
LAB
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
o
f
P
h
o
to
v
o
lt
a
ic
M
o
d
u
le
,”
I
n
ter
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
In
d
u
stria
l
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
4
(1
0
)
,
p
p
.
28
-
32
,
2
0
1
6
.
[6
]
H.
Be
ll
ia
,
“
A
D
e
tailed
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
o
f
P
h
o
to
v
o
lt
a
ic
M
o
d
u
le
u
sin
g
M
ATLA
B
,”
NRIA
G
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Astro
n
o
my
a
n
d
Ge
o
p
h
y
sic
s
,
v
o
l/
issu
e
:
3
(1
)
,
p
p
.
53
-
61
,
2
0
1
4
.
[7
]
N.
A
.
Zain
a
l
,
“
M
o
d
e
ll
i
n
g
o
f
P
h
o
to
v
o
lt
a
ic
M
o
d
u
le
u
sin
g
M
A
T
LA
B
S
i
m
u
li
n
k
,”
IOP
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
M
a
ter
ia
ls
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
.
Pa
h
a
n
g
,
2
0
1
6
.
[8
]
S
.
A
.
Ju
m
a
a
t
a
n
d
F
.
Cro
c
k
e
r
,
“
In
v
e
stig
a
te
th
e
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic
(
P
V)
M
o
d
u
le
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
u
sin
g
A
r
ti
f
icia
l
Ne
u
ra
l
Ne
tw
o
rk
(
AN
N)
,”
IEE
E
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
O
p
e
n
S
y
ste
ms
(
ICOS
).
L
a
n
g
k
a
wi
,
2
0
1
6
.
[9
]
P.
He
rsc
h
a
n
d
K.
Zwe
ib
e
l,
“
Ba
sic
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic P
rin
c
i
p
les
a
n
d
M
e
t
h
o
d
s
,
”
An
ti
mic
ro
b
.
Ag
e
n
ts
Ch
e
m
o
th
e
r
,
v
ol
/i
ss
u
e
:
58
(
12
)
,
p
p
.
7
2
5
0
-
7
,
1
9
8
2
.
[1
0
]
I.
Ch
a
ra
c
teristics
a
n
d
P
.
Co
n
n
e
c
ti
o
n
s,
“
Ce
ll
s,
M
o
d
u
les
a
n
d
A
rra
y
s
,
”
2
0
1
2
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.