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ti
m
e
f
r
a
m
e
s
s
u
c
h
as
lo
n
g
d
u
r
atio
n
v
ar
iatio
n
s
,
s
h
o
r
t
d
u
r
atio
n
v
ar
iatio
n
s
a
n
d
o
th
er
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
[
8
-
9
]
.
D
y
n
a
m
ic
Vo
lta
g
e
R
e
s
to
r
er
(
DVR)
can
p
r
o
v
id
e
th
e
lu
cr
ati
v
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
to
m
iti
g
ate
v
o
lta
g
e
s
a
g
[
1
0
-
1
1
]
by
estab
li
s
h
in
g
th
e
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iat
e
v
o
lta
g
e
q
u
alit
y
le
v
el,
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
.
I
t i
s
r
ec
e
n
tl
y
b
ein
g
u
s
ed
a
s
t
h
e
ac
ti
v
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
m
iti
g
atio
n
o
f
p
o
w
er
q
u
alit
y
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
.
T
h
e
DV
R
i
s
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
c
u
s
to
m
p
o
w
er
d
e
v
ices
w
h
ic
h
ca
n
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
p
o
w
er
q
u
alit
y
,
esp
ec
iall
y
,
v
o
l
tag
e
s
a
g
s
a
n
d
v
o
lta
g
e
s
w
ell
s
.
As
t
h
er
e
ar
e
m
o
r
e
an
d
m
o
r
e
co
n
ce
r
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
q
u
alit
y
o
f
s
u
p
p
l
y
as
a
r
e
s
u
l
t
o
f
m
o
r
e
s
e
n
s
it
iv
e
lo
ad
s
i
n
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
co
n
d
itio
n
s
b
etter
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
d
ev
ices f
o
r
m
iti
g
ati
n
g
p
o
w
er
q
u
alit
y
p
r
o
b
lem
s
[
1
2
-
1
3
]
is
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t.
2.
DYNA
M
I
C
VO
L
T
A
G
E
RE
ST
O
R
E
R
(
DVR)
T
h
e
Dy
n
a
m
ic
Vo
lta
g
e
R
esto
r
er
(
DVR)
is
a
s
er
ie
s
co
n
n
ec
te
d
d
ev
ice
an
alo
g
o
u
s
to
a
S
SS
C
.
T
h
e
m
ai
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
a
DVR
is
to
eli
m
i
n
ate
o
r
r
ed
u
ce
v
o
lta
g
e
s
a
g
s
s
ee
n
b
y
s
en
s
iti
v
e
lo
ad
s
s
u
c
h
as
s
e
m
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
m
an
u
f
ac
t
u
r
in
g
p
lan
t
o
r
I
T
in
d
u
s
tr
y
.
DVR
th
a
t
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
in
s
talled
s
o
f
ar
ar
e
m
o
d
u
lar
w
i
th
r
atin
g
s
o
f
2
MV
A
p
er
m
o
d
u
le.
T
h
e
y
h
av
e
b
ee
n
d
esig
n
ed
to
co
m
p
en
s
ate
th
r
ee
p
h
ase
v
o
lta
g
e
s
a
g
s
u
p
to
3
5
%
f
o
r
d
u
r
atio
n
o
f
tim
e
less
th
a
n
h
al
f
a
s
ec
o
n
d
(
d
ep
en
d
in
g
o
n
t
h
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t)
.
I
f
th
e
v
o
lta
g
e
s
a
g
o
cc
u
r
s
o
n
l
y
i
n
o
n
e
p
h
a
s
e
(
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
S
L
G
f
a
u
lts
)
th
e
n
t
h
e
D
VR
m
a
y
b
e
d
esi
g
n
ed
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
c
o
m
p
e
n
s
at
i
o
n
f
o
r
s
a
g
s
e
x
ce
ed
i
n
g
5
0
%.
T
h
e
en
er
g
y
s
to
r
ag
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
in
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
is
t
y
p
icall
y
in
th
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
0
.
2
to
0
.
4
M
J
p
er
MW
o
f
lo
ad
s
er
v
ed
.
A
DV
R
i
s
co
n
n
ec
ted
in
s
er
ie
s
w
it
h
th
e
f
ee
d
er
u
s
in
g
a
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
.
T
h
e
lo
w
v
o
lta
g
e
w
i
n
d
in
g
i
s
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
.
I
f
t
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
a
DVR
is
m
ain
l
y
to
r
eg
u
late
t
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
at
t
h
e
lo
ad
b
u
s
,
i
t
r
e
m
ai
n
s
f
o
r
m
o
s
t
o
f
th
e
ti
m
e
in
s
ta
n
d
-
b
y
m
o
d
e
d
u
r
in
g
w
h
ich
t
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
i
s
b
y
p
ass
ed
(
n
o
v
o
ltag
e
is
in
j
ec
ted
)
.
On
l
y
w
h
e
n
s
a
g
is
d
etec
ted
,
th
e
DV
R
i
n
j
ec
ts
a
s
e
r
ies
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
m
ag
n
i
tu
d
e.
I
t
i
s
n
ec
e
s
s
ar
y
to
p
r
o
tect
a
DVR
a
g
ai
n
s
t
th
e
f
a
u
lt
cu
r
r
en
ts
(
a
s
i
n
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
a
SS
S
C
)
.
A
DV
R
w
i
th
I
GB
T
/I
GC
T
d
ev
ices
ca
n
b
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
to
ac
t
as
a
s
er
ies
ac
ti
v
e
f
ilter
to
is
o
late
th
e
lo
ad
f
r
o
m
v
o
lta
g
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
o
n
t
h
e
s
o
u
r
ce
s
id
e.
I
t
is
al
s
o
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
b
alan
ce
th
e
v
o
lta
g
e
o
n
th
e
lo
ad
s
id
e
b
y
i
n
j
ec
tin
g
n
eg
a
tiv
e
a
n
d
/o
r
ze
r
o
s
eq
u
en
ce
v
o
ltag
e
s
in
ad
d
itio
n
to
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
v
o
ltag
e
s
,
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
w
s
DV
R
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
DVR b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
I
t
is
also
k
n
o
w
n
a
s
a
s
ta
tic
v
o
ltag
e
b
o
o
s
ter
(
SVB
)
o
r
a
s
tatic
s
er
ie
s
co
m
p
en
s
ato
r
(
SS
C
)
.
I
t
i
s
g
en
er
all
y
in
s
talled
i
n
d
is
tr
ib
u
t
io
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
I
t
is
a
s
er
ie
s
c
u
s
t
o
m
p
o
w
er
d
ev
ice
in
ten
d
ed
to
p
r
o
tect
th
e
s
en
s
iti
v
e
lo
ad
s
at
th
e
P
o
in
t
o
f
C
o
m
m
o
n
C
o
u
p
lin
g
(
P
C
C
)
f
r
o
m
v
ar
io
u
s
p
o
w
er
q
u
al
it
y
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
.
D
V
R
h
a
s
th
e
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
to
d
ea
l
w
it
h
li
n
e
v
o
lta
g
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ics,
r
ed
u
ctio
n
o
f
tr
a
n
s
ie
n
t
s
i
n
v
o
lta
g
e,
f
au
lt
c
u
r
r
en
t
li
m
ita
t
io
n
s
,
v
o
ltag
e
s
ag
s
,
an
d
v
o
lta
g
e
s
w
ell
s
.
P
r
o
b
lem
s
f
ac
in
g
i
n
d
u
s
tr
ies
r
eg
ar
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
q
u
ali
t
y
ar
e
m
ain
l
y
v
o
ltag
e
s
ag
s
an
d
s
w
ells
.
DVR
i
n
j
ec
ts
d
y
n
a
m
i
ca
ll
y
co
n
tr
o
lled
v
o
lta
g
es
i
n
s
er
ie
s
w
i
th
t
h
e
b
u
s
v
o
lta
g
e
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
b
o
o
s
ter
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
.
T
h
e
am
p
lit
u
d
es
o
f
th
e
in
j
ec
ted
p
h
ase
v
o
lta
g
es
ar
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
s
o
as
to
elim
i
n
ate
th
e
d
etr
i
m
en
ta
l
ef
f
ec
ts
o
f
a
b
u
s
f
au
l
t
to
t
h
e
l
o
ad
v
o
ltag
e.
T
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
i
m
p
ed
an
ce
Z
th
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
t
h
e
f
a
u
lt
le
v
el
o
f
t
h
e
lo
ad
b
u
s
.
W
h
en
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
v
o
ltag
e
(
Vth
)
d
r
o
p
s
,
th
e
DVR
in
j
ec
ts
a
s
er
ies
v
o
ltag
e
VDV
R
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
in
j
ec
tio
n
T
h
r
e
e
p
h
a
s
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
S
e
n
s
i
t
i
v
e
L
o
a
d
D
V
R
V
d
c
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
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lec
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&
C
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m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
Dyn
a
mic
V
o
lta
g
e
R
esto
r
er fo
r
S
a
g
a
n
d
S
w
ell
I
s
s
u
es in
P
o
w
er S
ystem
(
S
.
V
.
R
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La
ksh
mi
K
u
ma
r
i
)
1245
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
o
th
at
t
h
e
d
esire
d
lo
ad
v
o
ltag
e
m
ag
n
it
u
d
e
V
L
ca
n
b
e
m
ai
n
tai
n
ed
.
T
h
e
s
er
ies
in
j
ec
ted
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
th
e
DV
R
ca
n
b
e
w
r
itten
a
s
:
(
)
W
h
er
e
:
-
Des
ir
ed
lo
ad
v
o
ltag
e
m
a
g
n
it
u
d
e
-
L
o
ad
i
m
p
ed
an
ce
-
L
o
ad
cu
r
r
en
t
-
S
y
s
te
m
v
o
ltag
e
d
u
r
i
n
g
f
a
u
lt c
o
n
d
itio
n
3.
CO
NT
RO
L
T
E
CH
NI
Q
U
E
F
O
R
DVR
3
.
1
.
Sy
nchro
no
us
Ref
er
ence
F
ra
m
e
(
SRF)
T
heo
ry
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
b
lo
ck
o
f
th
e
DV
R
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
f
r
a
m
e
th
eo
r
y
w
h
ic
h
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
s
el
f
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
DVR.
T
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
at
P
C
C
is
co
n
v
er
ted
to
r
o
tatin
g
r
ef
er
en
c
e
f
r
a
m
e
u
s
i
n
g
ab
c
-
d
q
o
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
.
Usi
n
g
lo
w
p
a
s
s
f
i
lter
(
L
P
F)
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
a
n
d
o
s
cil
lat
o
r
y
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
o
f
v
o
ltag
e
ar
e
eli
m
i
n
ated
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
B
lo
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
f
o
r
S
R
F t
h
eo
r
y
b
ased
co
n
tr
o
l
3
.
2
.
C
o
m
plet
e
B
lo
c
k
Dia
g
ra
m
o
f
SRF
Co
ntr
o
lled DV
R
T
h
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
F
i
g
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
C
o
n
tr
o
l
B
lo
ck
Dia
g
r
a
m
o
f
t
h
e
DVR
.
I
n
t
h
is
co
n
tr
o
l,
So
u
r
ce
Vo
ltag
e
is
s
e
n
s
ed
an
d
is
g
i
v
e
n
as
an
i
n
p
u
t
to
th
e
ab
c/d
q
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
b
lo
ck
.
T
h
e
s
a
m
e
s
o
u
r
ce
v
o
ltag
e
i
s
g
iv
e
n
a
s
an
i
n
p
u
t
to
th
e
P
L
L
b
lo
ck
,
th
i
s
P
L
L
b
lo
ck
g
i
v
es
t
h
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
s
i
n
,
co
s
.
T
h
is
i
s
g
i
v
e
n
as
a
n
in
p
u
t
to
t
h
e
ab
c/d
q
b
lo
ck
;
w
it
h
th
e
s
e
t
w
o
in
p
u
ts
th
i
s
tr
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n
o
t
w
o
r
k
p
r
o
p
er
ly
d
u
e
t
o
th
eir
li
m
i
tatio
n
t
h
is
p
ap
er
.
4
.
2
.
1
.
Art
if
icia
l
Neura
l N
et
Wo
rk
(
ANN)
Co
ntr
o
l
On
e
o
f
t
h
e
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
m
et
h
o
d
s
o
f
co
n
tr
o
l
is
ar
ti
f
icial
n
eu
r
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
(
A
NN)
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
i
t
eq
u
ip
p
ed
w
it
h
ad
ap
tiv
e
a
n
d
s
elf
o
r
g
a
n
i
za
tio
n
ca
p
ac
it
y
.
A
N
N
co
n
tr
o
l
ca
n
m
o
n
ito
r
t
h
e
n
o
n
li
n
ea
r
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
ased
on
in
p
u
t
a
n
d
o
u
tp
u
t
w
it
h
o
u
t
t
h
e
d
etail
m
at
h
e
m
atica
l
m
o
d
el.
N
o
r
m
al
l
y
ANN
co
n
tr
o
l
can
b
e
class
i
f
ied
i
n
to
f
ee
d
f
o
r
w
ar
d
n
eu
r
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
,
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
n
eu
r
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
,
lo
ca
l
ap
p
r
o
x
im
a
tio
n
n
eu
r
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
a
n
d
f
u
zz
y
n
eu
r
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
b
ased
o
n
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
1
]
.
4
.
2
.
2
.
F
uzzy
Co
ntr
o
l
Fu
zz
y
lo
g
ic
(
F
L
)
co
n
tr
o
l
of
DVR
f
o
r
v
o
lta
g
e
i
n
j
ec
tio
n
is
also
a
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
m
et
h
o
d
.
I
ts
d
esi
g
n
p
h
ilo
s
o
p
h
y
d
e
v
iates
f
r
o
m
al
l
t
h
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
m
e
th
o
d
s
b
y
ac
co
m
m
o
d
ati
n
g
ex
p
er
t
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
in
co
n
tr
o
ller
d
esi
g
n
.
I
t
is
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
f
u
zz
y
s
et
th
eo
r
y
.
F
L
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
ar
e
an
attr
ac
ti
v
e
c
h
o
ice
w
h
e
n
p
r
ec
is
e
m
at
h
e
m
a
tical
f
o
r
m
u
latio
n
s
ar
e
n
o
t
p
o
s
s
ib
l
e.
T
h
e
ad
v
an
ta
g
es
o
f
t
h
i
s
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
ar
e
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
to
r
e
d
u
ce
th
e
er
r
o
r
an
d
tr
an
s
ie
n
t o
v
er
s
h
o
o
t o
f
p
u
l
s
e
wid
th
m
o
d
u
la
tio
n
(
P
W
M)
[
1
1
]
.
4
.
2
.
3
.
Sp
a
ce
Vec
t
o
r
P
w
m
(
S
VP
WM
)
Co
ntr
o
l
Sp
ac
e
Vec
to
r
P
W
M
(
SVP
W
M)
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ate
g
y
u
s
ed
in
AC
m
o
to
r
v
ar
iab
le
s
p
ee
d
d
r
iv
es
by
th
e
J
ap
an
ese
s
ch
o
lar
s
i
n
t
h
e
ea
r
l
y
1
9
8
0
s
.
T
h
e
m
a
in
id
ea
i
s
to
a
d
o
p
t
a
v
o
ltag
e
in
v
er
ter
s
p
ac
e
v
ec
to
r
o
f
t
h
e
s
w
itc
h
to
g
et
q
u
asi
-
cir
c
u
lar
r
o
tatin
g
m
a
g
n
etic
f
ield
i
n
s
tead
of
th
e
o
r
ig
in
a
l
SP
W
M,
so
b
etter
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
ex
ch
a
n
g
e
is
g
ai
n
ed
in
lo
w
s
witch
i
n
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
B
esid
es
th
e
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
t
h
ese
co
n
tr
o
ls
,
th
er
e
i
s
also
av
ailab
le
co
n
tr
o
l
f
o
r
s
in
g
le
p
h
ase
s
ag
d
etec
tio
n
m
eth
o
d
s
u
s
ed
i
n
DV
R
.
So
f
t
p
h
ase
lo
ck
ed
lo
o
p
(
SP
L
L
)
,
Ma
th
e
m
atica
l
Mo
r
p
h
o
lo
g
y
t
h
eo
r
y
b
ased
lo
w
-
p
as
s
f
ilter
,
I
n
s
ta
n
tan
eo
u
s
Va
lu
e
C
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
Me
t
h
o
d
ar
e
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
ed
co
n
tr
o
l
f
o
r
s
in
g
le
p
h
ase
v
o
lta
g
e
s
ag
d
etec
tio
n
in
t
h
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
y
s
te
m
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
1
]
.
5.
M
AT
L
AB
/SI
M
UL
I
NK
RE
S
UL
T
S
Ca
s
e
1
:
DVR
f
o
r
Sa
g
C
o
nd
it
io
n
Fig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
So
u
r
ce
v
o
ltag
e,
I
n
j
ec
ted
v
o
lta
g
e
a
n
d
L
o
a
d
v
o
ltag
e
s
f
o
r
Sag
in
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
.
Sa
g
is
o
b
s
er
v
ed
in
s
o
u
r
ce
v
o
lta
g
e
d
u
r
in
g
0
.
1
s
ec
to
0
.
2
s
ec
.
D
VR
in
j
ec
ts
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
v
o
l
tag
e
co
m
p
en
s
ati
n
g
s
ig
n
al
s
to
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
a
n
d
t
h
u
s
th
e
lo
ad
v
o
lta
g
e
is
m
ai
n
ta
i
n
ed
w
ith
co
n
s
ta
n
t a
m
p
l
itu
d
e.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
So
u
r
ce
v
o
ltag
e,
I
n
j
e
cted
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
L
o
ad
v
o
ltag
e
s
f
o
r
Sag
Ca
s
e
2
:
DVR
f
o
r
Sw
ell
Co
nd
it
io
n
Fig
u
r
e
5
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
So
u
r
ce
v
o
ltag
e,
I
n
j
ec
ted
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
L
o
ad
v
o
ltag
es
f
o
r
S
w
ell
i
n
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
s
te
m
.
S
w
ell
is
o
b
s
er
v
ed
i
n
s
o
u
r
c
e
v
o
ltag
e
d
u
r
i
n
g
0
.
1
s
ec
to
0
.
2
s
ec
.
DVR
in
j
ec
ts
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
v
o
lta
g
e
co
m
p
e
n
s
at
in
g
s
i
g
n
als to
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
s
te
m
a
n
d
th
u
s
t
h
e
lo
ad
v
o
ltag
e
is
m
ai
n
tai
n
ed
w
i
th
co
n
s
ta
n
t a
m
p
li
tu
d
e.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
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5
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n
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Fig
u
r
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5
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So
u
r
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v
o
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I
n
j
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cted
v
o
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e
an
d
L
o
ad
v
o
ltag
e
f
o
r
S
w
e
ll
Ca
s
e
3
:
DVR
f
o
r
Sa
g
a
nd
Swell C
o
nd
it
io
ns
Fig
u
r
e
6
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
So
u
r
ce
v
o
ltag
e,
I
n
j
ec
ted
v
o
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g
e
a
n
d
L
o
ad
v
o
ltag
e
s
f
o
r
Sag
an
d
s
w
ell
in
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
.
Sa
g
i
s
o
b
s
er
v
ed
i
n
s
o
u
r
ce
v
o
ltag
e
d
u
r
i
n
g
0
.
1
s
ec
to
0
.
2
s
ec
a
n
d
s
w
e
ll
i
s
o
b
s
er
v
ed
d
u
r
in
g
0
.
2
5
s
ec
to
0
.
3
s
ec
.
DVR
in
j
ec
ts
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
v
o
lta
g
e
co
m
p
e
n
s
ati
n
g
s
ig
n
a
ls
to
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
a
n
d
t
h
u
s
th
e
lo
ad
v
o
lta
g
e
is
m
ai
n
tai
n
ed
w
it
h
co
n
s
ta
n
t a
m
p
lit
u
d
e
co
m
p
en
s
a
tin
g
s
a
g
an
d
s
w
ell
i
n
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
So
u
r
ce
v
o
ltag
e,
I
n
j
e
cted
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
L
o
ad
v
o
ltag
e
f
o
r
Sag
an
d
S
w
e
ll
Ca
s
e
4
:
DVR
f
o
r
M
ulti
Sa
g
Co
nd
it
io
n
Fig
u
r
e
7
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
So
u
r
ce
v
o
ltag
e,
I
n
j
ec
ted
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
L
o
ad
v
o
ltag
e
s
f
o
r
m
u
lti
Sa
g
co
n
d
itio
n
i
n
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
.
Sa
g
is
o
b
s
er
v
e
d
in
s
o
u
r
ce
v
o
ltag
e
d
u
r
i
n
g
0
.
1
s
ec
to
0
.
2
s
ec
an
d
also
d
u
r
in
g
0
.
2
5
s
ec
to
0
.
3
5
s
ec
.
DVR
in
j
ec
ts
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
v
o
ltag
e
co
m
p
e
n
s
ati
n
g
s
i
g
n
als
to
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o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
an
d
t
h
u
s
th
e
lo
ad
v
o
ltag
e
i
s
m
ai
n
tai
n
ed
w
i
th
co
n
s
ta
n
t a
m
p
litu
d
e
co
m
p
en
s
ati
n
g
m
u
lti
-
s
a
g
co
n
d
itio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
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SS
N:
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es in
P
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.
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.
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Fig
u
r
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.
So
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r
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o
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e,
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n
j
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v
o
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d
lo
ad
v
o
lta
g
e
f
o
r
m
u
lti Sa
g
co
n
d
itio
n
Ca
s
e
5
:
DVR
f
o
r
M
ulti
S
w
ell
Co
nd
it
io
n
Fig
u
r
e
8
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
So
u
r
ce
v
o
ltag
e,
I
n
j
ec
ted
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
L
o
ad
v
o
ltag
es
f
o
r
m
u
lti
S
w
ell
co
n
d
itio
n
i
n
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
.
S
w
ell
is
o
b
s
er
v
ed
i
n
s
o
u
r
ce
v
o
ltag
e
d
u
r
i
n
g
0
.
1
s
ec
to
0
.
2
s
ec
a
n
d
al
s
o
d
u
r
in
g
0
.
2
5
s
ec
to
0
.
3
5
s
ec
.
DVR
in
j
ec
ts
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
v
o
ltag
e
co
m
p
e
n
s
ati
n
g
s
i
g
n
als
to
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
an
d
t
h
u
s
th
e
lo
ad
v
o
ltag
e
i
s
m
ai
n
tai
n
ed
w
i
th
co
n
s
ta
n
t a
m
p
litu
d
e
co
m
p
en
s
ati
n
g
m
u
lti
-
s
well
co
n
d
itio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
So
u
r
ce
v
o
ltag
e,
i
n
j
ec
ted
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
lo
ad
v
o
lta
g
e
f
o
r
m
u
lti S
w
ell
co
n
d
itio
n
6.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
I
n
t
h
is
p
ap
er
a
b
r
ief
liter
atu
r
e
r
ev
ie
w
is
d
o
n
e
o
n
DV
R
co
n
f
ig
u
r
at
io
n
s
an
d
its
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
at
eg
ies.
B
y
s
elec
ti
n
g
a
n
y
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
w
e
ca
n
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
to
v
ar
io
u
s
p
o
w
er
q
u
a
lit
y
p
r
o
b
lem
s
li
k
e
v
o
ltag
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
,
v
o
ltag
e
s
a
g
/s
w
el
l
co
m
p
e
n
s
ati
o
n
.
T
o
im
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
DVR,
e
f
f
o
r
ts
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
m
ad
e
o
n
e
n
er
g
y
s
av
i
n
g
s
,
r
ed
u
ce
d
p
ar
ts
a
n
d
l
o
s
s
es,
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
i
n
j
ec
tio
n
,
r
ed
u
ce
d
r
atin
g
,
a
n
d
s
elec
tiv
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
m
iti
g
atio
n
.
T
h
e
ab
o
v
e
s
u
r
v
e
y
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
at
t
h
e
DV
R
is
s
u
itab
l
e
f
o
r
co
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
of
v
o
ltag
e
s
ag
an
d
s
w
ell
by
th
e
u
s
e
of
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
tech
n
iq
u
es.
T
h
e
lin
ea
r
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
f
er
s
i
m
p
ler
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tati
o
n
an
d
r
eq
u
ir
e
les
s
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
e
f
f
o
r
ts
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
o
th
er
m
et
h
o
d
s
an
d
t
h
er
ef
o
r
e
th
e
m
o
s
t
p
o
p
u
lar
tec
h
n
iq
u
e.
T
h
e
ex
is
t
in
g
to
p
o
lo
g
ies,
b
asic
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
of
DVR,
o
p
er
atin
g
m
o
d
e
s
,
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
,
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
tech
n
iq
u
es
an
d
it
s
co
n
tr
o
l
alg
o
r
ith
m
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
elab
o
r
ated
in
d
etail.
T
h
e
m
ain
ad
v
a
n
tag
e
s
o
f
DV
R
ar
e
lo
w
co
s
t,
s
i
m
p
ler
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
;
r
eq
u
ir
e
les
s
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
e
f
f
o
r
ts
a
n
d
its
co
n
tr
o
l
is
s
i
m
p
le
as
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
o
th
er
m
e
th
o
d
s
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
also
g
i
v
e
s
u
s
e
f
u
l
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
f
o
r
th
e
r
esear
ch
er
s
to
d
ev
elo
p
a
n
e
w
d
esig
n
o
f
DVR
f
o
r
v
o
ltag
e
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
in
elec
tr
ical
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
DVR
is
co
n
s
id
e
r
ed
to
b
e
an
ef
f
icie
n
t
s
o
l
u
tio
n
d
u
e
to
its
lo
w
co
s
t,
s
m
al
l
s
ize,
a
n
d
f
a
s
t
d
y
n
a
m
ic
r
esp
o
n
s
e.
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lts
s
h
o
w
clea
r
l
y
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
a
DVR
i
n
m
iti
g
ati
n
g
v
o
lta
g
e
s
a
g
s
a
n
d
s
w
ell
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
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4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
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&
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o
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p
Sci,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
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3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
2
0
1
8
:
1
2
4
3
–
1
2
5
0
1250
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
Do
n
g
-
Ju
n
W
o
n
,
S
e
o
n
-
Ju
A
h
n
,
1
1
-
Yo
p
Ch
u
n
g
,
J
o
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n
g
-
M
o
o
n
Ki
m
a
n
d
S
e
u
n
g
-
I1
M
o
o
n
,
“
A
Ne
w
De
f
in
it
io
n
o
f
V
o
l
tag
e
S
a
g
D
u
ra
ti
o
n
Co
n
sid
e
ri
n
g
T
h
e
V
o
lt
a
g
e
T
o
lera
n
c
e
Cu
rv
e
”
Bo
lo
g
n
a
Po
we
r
T
e
c
h
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
,
IEE
E
2
0
0
3
,
Ju
n
e
2
3
-
2
6
,
B
o
lo
g
p
a
,
Italy
.
[2
]
M
.
R.
Ba
n
a
e
i,
S
.
H
.
Ho
ss
e
in
i,
G
.
B.
G
h
a
re
h
p
e
ti
a
n
,
“
In
ter
-
L
in
e
Dy
n
a
m
ic
V
o
lt
a
g
e
Re
sto
re
r
Co
n
tro
l
Us
in
g
A
No
v
e
l
Op
ti
m
u
m
En
e
rg
y
Co
n
su
m
p
ti
o
n
S
trate
g
y
”
V
o
l
u
m
e
1
4
,
Iss
u
e
7
,
P
a
g
e
s 9
8
9
-
9
9
9
,
Oc
to
b
e
r
2
0
0
6
.
[3
]
A
.
S
a
n
n
in
o
,
G
.
M
ich
e
ll
e
a
n
d
M
.
Bo
ll
e
n
,
“
Ov
e
rv
ie
w
o
f
V
o
lt
a
g
e
S
a
g
M
it
ig
a
ti
o
n
”
IEE
E
P
o
we
r
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
S
o
c
iety
200
0
W
in
ter
M
e
e
ti
n
g
,
Ja
n
u
a
ry
2
0
0
0
,
Vo
l.
4
,
p
p
.
2
3
-
2
7
.
[4
]
T
re
v
o
r
L
.
Gra
n
t
a
n
d
De
e
p
a
k
M
.
Div
a
n
,
“
P
o
w
e
r
Qu
a
li
t
y
S
o
lu
ti
o
n
s
to
M
it
ig
a
te
th
e
Im
p
a
c
t
o
f
V
o
l
tag
e
S
a
g
s
in
M
a
n
u
f
a
c
tu
rin
g
F
a
c
il
it
ies
”
,
AEE
-
W
EE
C
2
0
0
2
.
[5
]
D.K.
T
a
n
ti
,
M
.
K.
V
e
rm
a
,
Brij
e
sh
S
in
g
h
,
O.N.
M
e
h
ro
tra,
“
Op
ti
m
a
l
P
lac
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
Cu
sto
m
P
o
w
e
r
De
v
ice
s
in
P
o
w
e
r
S
y
st
e
m
N
e
t
w
o
rk
to
M
it
ig
a
te
V
o
lt
a
g
e
S
a
g
u
n
d
e
r
F
a
u
lt
s
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Po
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
ms
(
IJ
PE
DS
)
,
Vo
l
2
No
3
,
2
0
1
2
p
a
g
e
s 2
6
7
-
2
7
6
.
[6
]
Ha
n
iy
e
h
M
a
re
f
a
tj
o
u
,
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
S
a
rv
i,
“
Co
m
p
e
n
sa
ti
o
n
Of
S
in
g
le
-
P
h
a
se
a
n
d
T
h
re
e
-
P
h
a
se
V
o
lt
a
g
e
S
a
g
a
n
d
S
w
e
ll
Us
in
g
D
y
n
a
m
ic
V
o
lt
a
g
e
Re
sto
re
r
”
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Ap
p
li
e
d
Po
we
r
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
AP
E)
,
2
0
1
2
,
Vo
l
1
No
3
,
p
a
g
e
s 1
2
9
-
1
4
4
.
[7
]
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
S
a
rv
i
,
Ha
n
iy
e
h
M
a
re
f
a
tj
o
u
,
“
Co
m
p
e
n
sa
ti
o
n
o
f
Vo
lt
a
g
e
S
in
g
le
-
P
h
a
se
S
A
G
a
n
d
S
W
EL
L
Us
in
g
D
y
n
a
m
ic
V
o
l
tag
e
Re
sto
re
r
a
n
d
Diff
e
r
e
n
c
e
P
e
r
-
Un
it
V
a
l
u
e
M
e
th
o
d
”
,
In
t
e
rn
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
Co
mp
u
ter
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
)
,
2
0
1
3
,
Vo
l
3
No
1
,
p
a
g
e
s 8
3
-
92
.
[8
]
C.
S
.
Ch
a
n
g
,
Y.S
.
h
o
a
n
d
P
.
C.
L
o
h
,
“
Vo
lt
a
g
e
Qu
a
li
ty
En
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
w
it
h
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
Ba
s
e
d
De
v
ic
e
s”
IEE
E
2
0
0
0
.
[9
]
C.
Be
n
a
c
h
a
ib
a
a
n
d
B.
F
e
rd
i,
“
P
o
w
e
r
Qu
a
li
t
y
I
m
p
ro
v
e
m
e
n
t
Us
in
g
DV
R”
,
Ame
ric
a
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
A
p
p
li
e
d
S
c
ien
c
e
s
,
M
a
rc
h
,
2
0
0
9
.
[1
0
]
G
.
R
a
m
y
a
,
V
.
Ga
n
a
p
a
th
y
,
P
.
S
u
re
sh
,
“
P
o
w
e
r
Qu
a
li
ty
I
m
p
ro
v
e
m
e
n
t
Us
in
g
M
u
lt
i
-
L
e
v
e
l
In
v
e
rter
Ba
se
d
DV
R
a
n
d
DST
AT
COM
Us
in
g
Ne
u
ro
-
F
u
z
z
y
Co
n
tro
ll
e
r,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
j
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
p
o
we
r
e
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
d
riv
e
sy
st
e
m
s
(
IJ
PE
DS
),
M
a
rc
h
2
0
1
7
,
V
o
l
8
,
N
o
1
:
,
p
p
3
1
6
-
3
2
4
.
[1
1
]
Bra
h
im
F
e
rd
i,
S
a
m
ira
Dib
,
Bra
h
im
Be
rb
a
o
u
i,
Ra
c
h
id
De
h
in
i,
“
De
s
ig
n
a
n
d
S
im
u
latio
n
o
f
D
y
n
a
m
ic
V
o
l
tag
e
Re
sto
re
r
Ba
se
d
o
n
F
u
z
z
y
Co
n
tro
l
ler
Op
ti
m
iz
e
d
b
y
A
NFIS
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
p
o
we
r
e
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
d
riv
e
sy
ste
ms
(
IJ
PE
DS
)
,
Ju
n
e
2
0
1
4
,
Vo
l
4
,
No
2
:,
p
p
2
1
2
-
2
2
2
.
[1
2
]
D.K.
T
a
n
ti
,
M
.
K.
V
e
rm
a
,
Brij
e
sh
S
in
g
h
,
O.N.
M
e
h
r
o
tra,
“
Op
ti
m
a
l
P
lac
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
Cu
sto
m
P
o
w
e
r
De
v
ice
s
in
P
o
w
e
r
S
y
st
e
m
Ne
t
w
o
rk
to
M
it
ig
a
te
Vo
lt
a
g
e
S
a
g
u
n
d
e
r
F
a
u
lt
s,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
j
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
p
o
we
r
e
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
d
riv
e
sy
ste
ms
(
IJ
PE
DS
)
,
S
e
p
tem
b
e
r
2
0
1
2
,
Vo
l
2
,
N
o
3
:
,
p
p
2
6
7
-
2
7
6
.
[1
3
]
Ezo
ji
,
A
.
S
h
e
ik
h
o
les
lam
i,
M
.
T
a
b
a
si
a
n
d
M
.
M
.
S
a
e
e
d
n
ia“
S
im
u
lati
o
n
o
f
D
y
n
a
m
ic
V
o
lt
a
g
e
Re
sto
re
r
Us
in
g
H
y
ste
re
sis
V
o
l
tag
e
Co
n
tro
l”
Eu
r
o
p
e
a
n
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
S
c
ien
ti
f
ic R
e
se
a
rc
h
IS
S
N
1
4
5
0
-
21
6
X
V
o
l.
2
7
2
0
0
9
,
No
.
1
p
p
.
1
5
2
-
1
6
6
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.