Indonesian Journal of
Electrical
Engineer
ing and
Computer Science
V
o
l. 10
, No
. 3, Jun
e
20
18
, pp
. 95
1
~
95
8
ISSN: 2502-4752,
DOI: 10.
11591/ij
eecs.v10
.i3.pp951-958
9
51
Jo
urn
a
l
h
o
me
pa
ge
: http://iaescore.c
om/jo
urnals/index.php/ijeecs
A Smart Monitoring of a Wate
r Quality Detect
or S
y
st
em
S. I.
S
a
msu
d
in, S
.
I.
M.
Sali
m, K
.
Os
man,
S.
F. S
u
laim
an,
M. I
.
A.
Sabri
Centre
of
Tel
eco
m
m
unication Re
s
earch
and Inno
vation
,
F
a
cult
y
o
f
El
ectron
i
cs
and
Com
puter Eng
i
neering
,
Universiti Tekn
ikal Malay
s
ia
Melaka, Hang
Tu
ah
Jay
a
, 76100
Du
rian
Tunggal, M
e
lak
a
, Malay
s
ia
Article Info
A
B
STRAC
T
Article histo
r
y:
Received
Ja
n 17, 2018
Rev
i
sed
Mar
28
, 20
18
Accepted Apr 12, 2018
The importan
c
e to monitor the water
quality
level is unden
i
able due to
significant impact to human health
and
ecos
y
s
t
em
. The proj
e
c
t aim
s
to
develop
a wireless water qu
ality
monito
r
i
ng s
y
stem that aids
in continuous
m
easurem
ents of water
cond
itio
ns base
d on
pH
and turb
idit
y m
e
asurem
ents.
These two sensors are connect
e
d
to
m
i
croprocessor and transmitted to th
e
datab
a
se b
y
using a Wi-Fi mod
u
le as
a bridg
e
. The developed
s
y
stem was
successfully
detect bo
th th
e pH and tu
rbid
it
y v
a
lues hen
ce upd
ating
in Io
T
platform. B
a
sed
on the results
obtain
e
d,
the
test wat
e
r sam
p
le c
a
n b
e
classifi
ed to
c
l
a
ss IIB which
is suitab
l
e fo
r w
a
ter
re
cre
a
tion
a
l
used bo
d
y
contact. Over
all, the develop
e
d sy
stem
offers fast and eas
y
monitoring of pH
and turbid
ity
lev
e
ls with
Io
T app
lication for
continuous maintenan
ce of
clean
water. Th
e work is just concern on
the phy
sical water par
a
meters hence
further extend to
ch
emical
parameter
for v
e
rif
y
ing
a b
e
tter
result in
measuring the
WQI value.
K
eyw
ords
:
IoT
pH
Tu
rb
id
ity
Water m
onito
ring
Copyright ©
201
8 Institut
e
o
f
Ad
vanced
Engin
eer
ing and S
c
i
e
nce.
All rights re
se
rve
d
.
Co
rresp
ond
i
ng
Autho
r
:
Sha
r
at
ul
Iza
h
S
a
m
s
udi
n
,
Depa
rt
m
e
nt
of
El
ect
ri
cal
and
C
o
m
put
er E
ngi
neeri
n
g
,
C
e
nt
re
of
Tel
e
com
m
uni
cat
i
on R
e
sea
r
ch
an
d
I
n
n
o
v
at
i
o
n
,
F
acult
y of Ele
c
tr
onics
and
Computer Engineering
,
Universiti Tekn
ikal Malay
s
ia
Melaka, Hang
Tu
ah
Jay
a
, 76100
Du
rian
Tunggal, M
e
lak
a
, Malay
s
ia.
Em
a
il: sh
aratu
l
@u
tem
.
ed
u
.
m
y
1.
INTRODUCTION
Th
e
water qu
al
ity in
d
e
x (WQI) is always
u
s
ed
in
o
r
d
e
r to
ju
stify or classi
fy th
e lev
e
l
o
f
water
qu
ality.
WQI acts as
mean
in
d
i
cation
of wate
r qu
ality
measu
r
emen
t th
ro
ugh
the d
e
term
in
atio
n
of ph
ysico-ch
em
ic
a
l
param
e
ters of
surface
water [1]. It is
im
portant to m
easure
the le
vel of t
h
e water quality be
fore c
o
nsuming or
safe
u
s
e fo
r oth
e
r
pu
rpo
s
es. For
water
q
u
ality classifica
tio
n
,
sev
e
ral
p
h
y
sical,
b
i
o
l
o
g
i
cal and
che
m
ical
p
a
ram
e
ters th
at h
a
v
e
sign
ifican
t i
m
p
act o
n
th
e wate
r qu
ality h
a
v
e
to b
e
id
en
tified
.
Th
e m
easu
r
emen
ts
o
b
t
ain
e
d
are t
h
en
co
m
p
ared
t
o
water
qu
ality
stand
a
rd
s
o
f
Malaysia.
Ho
we
ver
,
wat
e
r sam
p
les are no
rm
ally
col
l
ect
ed at
reg
u
l
a
r pe
ri
o
d
s c
ont
i
nue
d
by
l
a
bo
r
a
t
o
ry
anal
y
s
i
s
t
hus as
k
fo
r l
a
rge
r
t
i
m
e
cons
um
pt
i
on. B
e
si
des, t
h
ere a
r
e
cert
a
i
n
chem
i
c
al
and
bi
ol
ogi
cal
pr
ocesses s
u
ch
a
s
oxi
dation-re
duction potential that requir
e for on-site m
easu
r
em
ent to ensure
accuracy and ot
her as
pects
to be
co
nsid
ered
as
d
i
scu
s
sed
i
n
[2]. Th
erefore,
on
lin
e water quality
m
o
n
ito
rin
g
system
s wh
ich
po
ten
tial to
d
e
liv
er
co
n
tinuo
us
d
a
ta is h
i
gh
ly d
e
m
a
n
d
e
d
.
Th
e
o
b
jectiv
e of th
is
wo
rk
is t
o
d
e
v
e
l
o
p a low-co
s wireless water qu
ality
m
o
n
ito
rin
g
syste
m
th
at aid
s
in con
tin
uou
s m
easu
r
em
en
ts of
water con
d
ition
s
.
Th
e Dep
a
rtm
e
n
t
o
f
Env
i
ronmen
t
(DOE) water q
u
a
lity
p
a
ram
e
ters and
ind
e
x
i
n
cludin
g
its classes
is
p
r
esen
ted in
Tab
l
e 1. Accordin
g
t
o
Tab
l
e 1
,
th
ere are
six
param
e
ters to
be
m
easu
r
ed
fo
r water
q
u
a
lity co
n
t
rol
whic
h are Am
m
oniacal Nitrogen, Biochem
i
cal Oxyge
n
De
mand (BOD), Chem
ica
l
Oxygen
Dem
a
nd (COD),
Disso
l
v
ed Ox
yg
en (DO),
pH,
an
d To
tal Su
spen
d
e
d
So
lid
(T
SS)
[3
].
Ho
wev
e
r, sin
ce t
h
is
is an
in
itial stud
y of
w
a
ter
pr
oj
ect, tw
o
p
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
o
f
DO
E stated
wh
ich
are
p
H
and total su
sp
end
e
d so
lid (tss) are ju
st
em
phasi
zed
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
SN
:
2
502
-47
52
I
ndo
n
e
sian
J Elec Eng
& Com
p
Sci, V
o
l. 10
,
No
.
3
,
Jun
e
2
018
:
95
1 – 95
8
95
2
Tab
l
e
1
.
DOE
water
qu
ality p
a
ram
e
ters an
d
i
n
d
e
x
i
n
clud
ing its classes
Para
m
e
ter Unit
Class
I II
III
IV
V
Am
m
oniacal
Nitr
ogen
m
g
/l
<0.
1
0.
1-
0.
3 0.
3-
0.
9 0.
9-
2.
7
>2.
7
Bioche
m
i
cal Ox
ygen
De
m
a
nd
m
g
/l <1
1-
3
3-
6
6-
12
>12
Dissolve Oxy
g
en
m
g
/l
<10
10-
25
25-
50
50-
100
>100
pH
-
>7
5-
7 3-
5 1-
3
<1
T
o
tal Suspended Solid
m
g
/l
>7
6-
7
5-
6
<5
>5
Wate
r Qualit
y
Index
(W
QI)
-
<25
25-
50
50-
150
150-
30
0
>300
Class Uses
Class I
Conser
vation o
f
natur
a
l envir
o
n
m
ent.
W
a
te
r supply
I- P
r
acticall
y
no treat
m
e
nt necessary.
Fishery
I-
Very se
nsitive aquatic species.
Class IIA
W
a
ter
supply
II
-
C
onventio
nal tr
eatm
e
nt.
Fishery
II
- Sensiti
ve aquatic species.
Class IIB
Recreational use b
ody contact.
Class III
W
a
ter
supply
II
I
-
E
x
tensive tr
eat
m
e
nt r
e
quir
e
d.
Fishery
II
I- Co
mmon of
econo
m
i
c
va
lue and tolerant species;
livestock drinking.
Class IV
Irrig
a
tio
n
Class V
None of above.
Th
ere are
v
a
ri
o
u
s
stud
ies of
water
q
u
a
lity m
o
n
ito
rin
g
syste
m
su
ch
d
i
scussed
in
[4
] an
d [5
]. In
[4
], a
syste
m
wh
ich
en
ab
les
rem
o
te p
r
o
b
i
ng
and
real-ti
m
e
m
o
n
i
t
o
ri
n
g
o
f
t
h
e water qu
ality p
a
ram
e
ters an
d
en
ab
les
o
b
s
erv
a
tio
n
o
f
cu
rren
t
an
d
h
i
sto
r
ical
water qu
ality
stat
u
s
are d
e
v
e
l
o
p
e
d
.
A Zig
B
ee b
a
sed
o
n
wiresless sen
s
or
net
w
or
k m
oni
t
o
ri
ng
i
s
a
ppl
i
e
d.
[
5
]
i
m
pl
ement
s
wat
e
r m
oni
t
o
ri
ng
sy
st
em
whi
c
h c
ove
r t
h
e
a
n
al
y
s
es
of
p
H
,
co
ndu
ctiv
ity, disso
lv
ed
ox
yg
en
and
tem
p
eratu
r
e’s lev
e
l. So
u
n
d
s
an
alarm
will b
e
tri
g
g
e
red
if th
ere is a water
co
n
t
am
in
atio
n
o
r
ch
ang
e
i
n
water
qu
ality.
Th
e p
a
ram
e
ters
are
m
easu
r
ed with
o
f
f-t
h
e
shelf
sen
s
ors
and
d
a
ta
is
sen
t
to a
b
a
se
statio
n
v
i
a GPRS. Meanwh
ile, th
e aim
o
f
[2
] is to d
e
v
e
lop
a low-co
st
wireless water
qu
ality
m
oni
t
o
ri
ng
sy
st
em
t
h
at
ai
ds i
n
co
nt
i
n
u
ous
m
easurem
ent
s
of
wat
e
r
co
n
d
i
t
i
ons
. A
p
r
o
t
ot
y
p
e sen
s
o
r
as o
n
e
com
pone
nt
o
f
t
h
e A
u
t
o
nom
ous Li
ve
A
n
i
m
al
R
e
spo
n
se M
o
ni
t
o
r
(AL
A
R
M
) has
been
d
e
vel
o
ped
.
T
h
e sy
st
em
measu
r
e tem
p
eratu
r
e, lig
h
t
i
n
ten
s
ity, pH,
electrical co
n
d
u
c
tiv
ity, to
tal d
i
sso
l
v
ed
so
lids, salin
ity, d
i
sso
lved
oxy
gen
an
d
ox
i
d
at
i
on
red
u
ct
i
on
p
o
t
e
nt
i
a
l
as
t
h
e pa
ram
e
t
e
rs. O
n
t
o
p
of
t
h
at
, seve
ral
p
r
e
v
i
o
us
wo
rk
s h
a
s bee
n
revi
e
w
ed
i
n
t
e
r
m
s of ha
rd
war
e
an
d s
o
ft
ware
sel
ect
i
on s
u
c
h
as m
i
crocont
r
o
l
l
e
r, p
H
a
n
d t
u
r
b
i
d
i
t
y
sens
o
r
s.
Based
on
[6
]
,
t
h
e m
i
crocont
r
o
l
l
e
r used
fo
r t
h
e sy
st
em
i
s
a Rasp
ber
r
y
Pi
(R
Pi
) m
odel
B
.
Thi
s
m
odel
has
25
6 M
b
o
f
R
A
M
m
e
m
o
ry
and
7
00 M
H
z
p
r
oces
so
r an
d i
t
s archi
t
ect
u
r
e
al
l
o
ws t
h
e
de
v
e
l
opm
ent
of se
veral
,
di
ffe
re
nt
em
bedde
d sy
st
em
p
r
o
j
ect
s t
h
r
o
ug
h t
h
e G
P
I
O
pi
ns. T
h
i
s
m
a
kes l
e
ss dem
a
ndi
ng t
h
e col
l
a
b
o
r
at
i
o
n
with
o
t
h
e
r eq
uip
m
en
t. Th
e RPi is a v
e
ry lo
w-co
st
com
put
er, with t
h
e com
p
act size which s
u
pports
Uni
x
pl
at
fo
rm
s. The di
ffe
renc
e f
o
r
t
h
e pr
o
pose
d
pr
o
j
ect
i
s
t
h
e use
d
o
f
W
e
M
o
s D1 R
2
. T
h
e
WeM
o
s
D
1
R
2
ha
ve
alm
o
st
sam
e
lay
out
wi
t
h
t
h
e
Ar
dui
n
o
U
N
O
exce
pt
t
h
e
num
ber
of a
n
a
l
og
I/
O
pi
ns
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
d
. T
h
e
Ar
dui
n
o
U
N
O
o
f
f
e
r
s
six
an
alog
I
/
O
p
i
n
s
w
h
ile W
e
Mo
s D
1
on
ly
pr
ov
id
ed
w
ith
on
e
an
alog
I
/
O
p
i
n.
On
th
e
br
igh
t
side,
the
W
e
M
o
s is
already em
bedde
d
with a
W
i
-Fi m
odule
ESP8266 and
cheape
r
c
o
m
p
ared t
o
Ardui
no UNO.
W
i
t
h
W
i
-fi
m
odul
e,
t
h
e
p
r
o
j
e
c
t
i
s
speci
fi
cal
l
y
use t
h
e ES
P-
12
F t
h
at
was
e
m
bedded
o
n
t
h
e
W
e
M
o
s
D1
R
2
.
In t
e
rm
s of pH
senso
r
, [
2
]
us
es pH se
nso
r
f
r
om
Phi
dget
s
.
It
m
easures t
h
e ful
l
pH ra
n
g
e
from
0 t
o
1
4
and
ope
rates in the tem
p
erature ra
nge of 0
◦−
80
◦
C. Th
e Ph
idg
e
ts also
su
pp
lies ad
ap
t
o
r to
co
nv
ert BNC to
anal
o
g
v
o
l
t
a
ge
aft
e
r sensi
n
g.
Usi
ng t
h
i
s
ad
apt
o
r, t
h
e p
H
sens
or dat
a
i
s
acqui
re
d at
Ar
dui
n
o
anal
o
g
pi
n
.
Meanwhile, [7]
measures pH through
the use of a conve
ntional glass elect
ro
de with a
refere
nce electro
de
setu
p, th
e
o
t
h
e
r is u
s
i
n
g
an
Io
n-Selectiv
e-Field
-
Eff
ect-Tran
s
istor (ISFET). Th
e
p
H
senso
r
will con
s
ist o
f
a
conve
n
tional
glass electrode
as these electrode
s are m
o
re
reliab
l
e and
eco
n
o
m
ical fo
r lo
ng
term
m
o
n
ito
ring
.
Howev
e
r, th
is proj
ect
will use an an
al
o
g
pH sen
s
o
r
SKU:SEN0
161
b
y
DFRobo
t.
It al
so
m
easu
r
e t
h
e pH
ran
g
e
fr
om
0 t
o
14
a
n
d
ope
ra
t
e
s i
n
t
h
e t
e
m
p
erat
ure
ra
n
g
e
f
r
om
0
o
C-6
0
o
C.
I
t
h
a
s
an LED wh
ich wo
rk
s
as th
e
Power
Indicator, a
BNC c
o
nnector
a
n
d PH2.0 se
ns
or i
n
terface.
Mean
wh
ile, turb
i
d
ity sen
s
o
r
d
e
tects su
sp
end
e
d
p
a
rticles i
n
water b
y
m
easu
r
i
n
g th
e ligh
t
tran
sm
it
tan
ce
and scat
t
e
ri
ng
rat
e
whi
c
h chan
ges
wi
t
h
t
h
e am
ount
o
f
t
o
t
a
l
suspe
n
d
e
d sol
i
d
s (t
ss)
i
n
wat
e
r.
As
t
h
e t
s
s
in
creases, th
e liq
u
i
d turb
i
d
ity lev
e
l in
creases. [2
] u
s
es
a light sen
s
o
r
to
m
easu
r
e water turbid
ity wh
ich
o
p
erate
at
3.3
V
a
nd
5
V
. T
h
e ra
n
g
e
of l
i
g
ht
i
n
t
e
nsi
t
y
can be m
e
asure
d
f
r
o
m
0
−
10
0
0
l
x
a
nd se
nso
r
out
put
i
s
of
no
n
-
ratio
m
e
tric
ty
p
e
. Howev
e
r,
th
e p
r
oj
ect will u
s
e a
tu
rb
id
ity sen
s
or SKU: SEN018
9 b
y
DFRob
o
t
. Other
researc
h
w
o
r
k
st
udi
es
t
h
e wat
e
r
m
oni
t
o
ri
ng
dan
co
nt
r
o
l
ca
n be fu
rt
he
r
re
vi
ew
i
n
[8
-1
0]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
d
onesi
a
n
J
E
l
ec En
g &
C
o
m
p
Sci
ISS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
47
52
A Sma
r
t Mo
n
i
t
o
ring
o
f
a
Wa
ter Qu
a
lity
Detecto
r
S
y
stem (
S
.
I. Sa
msud
in
)
95
3
The
pape
r i
s
o
r
ga
ni
zed a
s
f
o
l
l
o
ws. T
h
e
pr
o
j
ect
i
m
pl
em
ent
a
t
i
on i
s
ex
pl
ai
ned i
n
Sect
i
o
n
2 w
h
i
l
e
t
h
e
resul
t
an
d anal
y
s
i
s
obt
ai
ned i
s
di
scusse
d i
n
Sect
i
on 3
.
The
concl
u
si
o
n
of
t
h
e pr
oj
ect
dra
w
n i
s
ne
xt
pre
s
ent
e
d
in
Section
4
.
2.
R
E
SEARC
H M
ETHOD
The i
m
pl
em
en
t
a
t
i
on of t
h
i
s
pr
o
j
ect
can be
di
vi
de
d i
n
t
o
t
w
o m
a
jor sect
i
ons;
ha
r
d
wa
re
and s
o
ft
war
e
i
m
p
l
e
m
en
tatio
n
.
2.1
Hardwar
e
Implementation
The
har
d
ware
i
n
v
o
l
v
es a
r
e m
i
croc
ont
r
o
l
l
e
r,
pH
an
d t
u
r
b
i
d
i
t
y
senso
r
s a
n
d
W
i
-Fi
m
o
d
u
l
e
. I
n
gene
ral
,
th
e
m
i
cro
c
on
tro
ller p
r
o
cesses th
e d
a
ta tak
e
n
b
y
pH and
tu
rb
id
ity sen
s
ors h
e
n
ce send
i
n
g
th
e
d
a
ta to th
e
dat
a
base
by
usi
n
g
t
h
e
Wi
-
F
i
m
o
d
u
l
e
as
a
bri
d
ge.
2.
1.
1. Mi
croc
o
ntr
o
l
l
er
Fi
gu
re 1 s
h
o
w
s a W
e
M
o
s D
1
R
2
A
r
d
u
i
n
o
C
o
m
p
at
i
b
l
e
l
a
y
out
o
r
com
m
onl
y
refe
rre
d
a
s
W
e
M
o
s D
1
.
As di
sc
usse
d,
WeM
o
s
D
1
m
i
croc
ont
r
o
l
l
e
r
has t
h
e sam
e
l
a
y
out
wi
t
h
A
r
dui
no
U
NO e
x
cept
a
W
i
-
F
i
m
odul
e
em
bedde
d o
n
t
o
t
h
e boa
r
d
.
Fi
gu
re 1.
W
e
M
o
s D1
l
a
y
o
u
t
2.
1.
2. pH an
d turbi
d
i
t
y sens
ors
Fi
gu
re 2 s
h
ow
s an anal
og
pH
sens
or S
KU:
S
E
N
0
1
6
1
by
D
F
R
o
b
o
t
.
T
h
e s
e
ns
or i
s
co
n
n
e
c
t
e
d t
o
t
h
e fi
r
s
t
WeM
o
s
D
1
a
n
al
og
pi
n
,
A0
as
sh
ow
n i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
2.
(a)
A
p
H
sensor
(
b
)
p
H
sensor
conn
ectio
n to
m
i
cr
o
p
ro
cesso
r
boa
r
d
Fi
gu
re
2.
A
p
H
sens
or
Tur
b
i
d
i
t
y
sen
s
or
SK
U:
SE
N
0
18
9
by
D
F
R
o
b
o
t
i
s
sh
o
w
n i
n
Fi
gu
re
3. T
h
i
s
sens
or
pr
o
v
i
d
e
s
anal
o
g
a
n
d
di
gi
t
a
l
si
g
n
al
o
u
t
p
ut
m
odes
w
h
i
l
e
t
h
e t
h
res
h
ol
d i
s
ad
j
u
st
abl
e
w
h
en
i
n
di
gi
t
a
l
si
gnal
m
ode
. T
h
i
s
se
nso
r
i
s
ne
xt
connected to the second
We
Mos D1
analog pin, A0.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
SN
:
2
502
-47
52
I
ndo
n
e
sian
J Elec Eng
& Com
p
Sci, V
o
l. 10
,
No
.
3
,
Jun
e
2
018
:
95
1 – 95
8
95
4
(a) A
t
u
rb
id
ity sen
s
o
r
(b
)
Tu
rb
id
ity sen
s
o
r
conn
ectio
n to
th
e m
i
cro
p
r
ocessor
b
o
a
rd
Fi
gu
re
3.
Tu
r
b
i
d
i
t
y
sens
or
2.
1.
3. Wi
-Fi
m
o
dul
e
The ESP
8
26
6
m
odul
e t
y
pe ESP-
12
F i
s
use
d
as a W
i
-Fi
M
o
d
u
l
e
as sho
w
n i
n
Fi
gu
re 4. Thi
s
W
i
-Fi
Mo
du
le is a self-con
tain
ed
SOC
with
i
n
teg
r
ated
TCP/
IP prot
ocol
stack t
h
at can
give any m
i
crocontroller
access to
W
i
-Fi network. T
h
e ESP8266 is
capable
of eith
er
hosting a
n
application
or offloa
ding all
W
i
-Fi
networking functions from
anot
he
r a
p
plication
process
o
r. Each ES
P8266 m
odule com
e
s pre
-
progra
m
m
e
d
wi
t
h
a
n
AT c
o
m
m
a
nd set
fi
rm
ware, w
h
i
c
h ca
n si
m
p
l
y
pl
u
g
-a
n
d
-
p
l
a
y
t
o
A
r
d
u
i
n
o
de
vi
ce an
d
get
a
b
o
u
t
a
s
m
u
ch
W
i
-Fi-abilit
y as a
W
i
-Fi
Sh
ield offers.
(a) ESP
-
1
2
F
m
o
d
u
le
(b
)
E
SP-
1
2
F
e
m
bedded o
n
m
i
croc
ont
r
o
l
l
e
r boa
r
d
WeM
o
s
D1
Fi
gu
re
4.
ESP
-
12
F m
odul
e
2.2. Softw
are Implementation
B
a
si
cal
l
y
, t
h
e har
d
ware
was
pr
o
g
ram
m
ed by
usi
n
g
Ar
dui
n
o
I
D
E
.
T
h
e
op
en-s
o
u
rce
A
r
d
u
i
n
o S
o
ft
wa
r
e
(
I
D
E
)
m
a
k
e
s it easy to
w
r
ite co
d
e
and
up
l
o
ad it to
th
e bo
ard
.
I
t
r
u
n
s
on
W
i
nd
ow
s, Mac
O
S
X
,
an
d
Linu
x.
Th
e
en
v
i
ron
m
en
t is
written
in
Java an
d
b
a
sed
on Pro
cessi
n
g
and
ano
t
h
e
r o
p
en-sou
rce so
ft
ware.
Th
is software can
b
e
u
s
ed
w
ith
an
y Ar
du
i
n
o com
p
at
ib
le bo
ard su
ch
as
W
e
M
o
s
D
1
R2.
The
data c
o
llected we
re
ne
xt arc
h
ive
d
i
n
onlin
e dat
a
b
a
se,
U
b
i
dot
s.
Ubi
dot
s are
s
p
eci
al
i
z
i
ng
i
n
h
a
rdware an
d
so
ft
ware
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
en
t fo
r Io
T
p
r
oj
ects. It
is an
op
en
sou
r
ce so
ft
ware
th
at facilitates d
e
v
e
lo
p
e
rs
to
easily cap
ture sensor
d
a
ta an
d
t
u
rn
it in
t
o
usefu
l
i
n
f
o
r
m
at
i
on. The
U
b
i
d
ot
s pl
at
f
o
r
m
can be
use
d
t
o
sen
d
dat
a
t
o
t
h
e cl
o
u
d
f
r
om
any
i
n
t
e
r
n
et
-en
a
bl
e
d
devi
ce
by
c
o
nfi
g
u
r
i
n
g act
i
o
ns a
n
d al
ert
s
b
a
sed
o
n
t
h
e
re
al
-t
im
e
d
a
ta and
d
i
seng
ag
e th
e
v
a
l
u
e
o
f
d
a
ta t
h
ro
ugh v
i
su
al too
l
s.
Finally, the dat
a
was
displaye
d at we
bpage c
r
eated
by
op
en so
f
t
w
a
r
e
,
W
i
x. Th
e
w
i
x.co
m
is o
n
e
of
th
e
m
o
st
pop
ul
ar
HTM
L
5 we
bsi
t
e bui
l
d
e
r
s
(cl
o
ud
-
b
ased
we
b
devel
opm
ent
)
.
The
Wi
x i
n
t
r
o
duce
d
a
m
obi
l
e
edi
t
o
r
th
at th
e size or th
e style
b
e
tter in m
o
b
ile v
i
ewing
.
Th
e concep
t
o
f
bu
ild
ing
the
web
s
ites
b
y
using
th
ei
r
o
n
line
dra
g
a
n
d
dr
o
p
t
o
ol
s i
s
very
easy
t
o
use.
T
h
e
bl
oc
k
di
ag
r
a
m
of
de
vel
o
p
e
d c
o
m
p
l
e
t
e
sy
st
em
i
s
prese
n
t
e
d
i
n
Fig
u
re
5
.
Th
e
p
H
sen
s
or and
tu
rb
id
ity sen
s
or
were
conn
ected
to th
e Arduin
o
.
Th
e
Ardu
in
o will th
en
p
r
o
cess
the data
and se
nd it to
databas
e
through
Wi-Fi m
odule
ES
P
8
266.
The
use
r
will be a
b
le t
o
receive
the
updated
d
a
ta h
e
n
c
e allowing
for
water
q
u
a
lity lev
e
l cl
assificatio
n
b
a
sed
o
n
DOE m
e
asu
r
em
en
t.
The
pH
an
d t
u
rbi
d
i
t
y
dat
a
w
e
re rec
o
rde
d
i
n
bot
h
offli
n
e
and online m
easurem
en
t. Fo
r o
f
flin
e action
,
th
e
d
a
ta were record
ed
fo
r fi
v
e
d
a
ys
an
d main
tain
ed
to b
e
co
llected
on
5
p
m
to
6p
m.
Th
e d
a
ta
were
n
e
x
t
continuously collected
by onl
i
ne
m
easurem
e
n
t in
IoT
platform
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
d
onesi
a
n
J
E
l
ec En
g &
C
o
m
p
Sci
ISS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
47
52
A Sma
r
t Mo
n
i
t
o
ring
o
f
a
Wa
ter Qu
a
lity
Detecto
r
S
y
stem (
S
.
I. Sa
msud
in
)
95
5
Fi
gu
re
5.
A
bl
o
c
k
di
ag
ram
of
a com
p
l
e
t
e
sy
st
em
3.
R
E
SU
LTS AN
D ANA
LY
SIS
A co
m
p
lete syste
m
o
f
Sm
art Mon
ito
ri
n
g
W
a
ter Qu
ality Detecto
r
is presen
ted
i
n
Figu
re 6.
As
obs
er
ved
,
t
h
e
s
y
st
em
i
s
fl
oat
e
d
dan
t
e
st
ed at
Tasi
k
UTeM
.
Fig
u
re
6
.
Sm
art Mo
n
itoring
Water
Qu
ality Detecto
r
System
3.
1.
E
x
perim
e
nt Pr
oced
ure
of p
H
and T
u
rbidity Sens
or
s
Upon
co
m
p
l
e
tio
n
,
t
h
e system
h
a
s b
een tested
an
d calib
rat
e
d
to ach
iev
e
stab
ility an
d
accu
r
acy
o
f
th
e
m
easurem
ent
s
. The
res
u
l
t
o
f
p
H
t
r
o
ubl
es
ho
ot
s’s a
r
e
di
scus
s
e
d:
3.
1.
1
pH
sens
or
The p
H
ex
peri
m
e
nt
i
s
di
vi
ded i
n
t
o
t
h
ree cat
ego
r
ies whic
h are alkaline, acidic, or ne
utral. The
s
e
ex
p
e
rim
e
n
t
s will b
e
con
d
u
c
ted
in sam
e
o
r
d
e
r bu
t
with
d
i
ff
eren
t test
p
H
so
lu
tio
n. Th
e
pH
sen
s
o
r
is d
i
p
into
the
p
H
so
lu
tion
s
wh
ile
th
e read
ing
is reco
rd
ed. To
en
su
re
the
reading acc
ura
c
y
, adjustm
e
nt the “
O
ffset”
val
u
e in
t
h
e co
des ha
s
been
d
one t
o
±
0
.
1
0
.
Ta
bl
e 2-
4 sh
o
w
t
h
e r
e
s
u
l
t
s
of al
kal
i
n
e
,
aci
di
c an
d ne
ut
ral
t
e
st
pH s
o
l
u
t
i
o
n
usi
n
g t
h
e m
ode
l
e
d de
vel
o
pe
d.
According to
Table 2-4, it was proved
t
h
at the applied pH sens
or is
accurately read the
pH le
vel; with
t
h
e di
ffe
re
nces
bet
w
een t
h
e act
ual
readi
n
g a
nd t
h
e e
xpe
ri
m
e
nt
al
val
u
e i
s
not
m
o
re t
h
an 0.
9%
on a
v
e
r
age
of
perce
n
tage error. It is noticed th
at the pH
electrode m
u
st be initiall
y w
a
she
d
with distilled water for each
measu
r
em
en
t of
p
H
test
so
l
u
tio
n fo
r a
reliab
l
e read
ing
.
Tabl
e
2. R
e
s
u
l
t
s
o
f
aci
di
c e
x
p
e
ri
m
e
nt
T
e
st pH
Solution (
p
H)
E
xper
i
m
e
ntal Valu
e (
p
H)
4.
00
4.
02
4.
00
4.
01
4.
00
4.
01
4.
00
4.
00
4.
00
4.
01
x
̅
= 4.
01
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
SN
:
2
502
-47
52
I
ndo
n
e
sian
J Elec Eng
& Com
p
Sci, V
o
l. 10
,
No
.
3
,
Jun
e
2
018
:
95
1 – 95
8
95
6
Tabl
e
3. R
e
s
u
l
t
s
o
f
neut
ral
ex
peri
m
e
nt
of t
r
o
ubl
es
h
oot
i
n
g
T
e
st pH
Solution (
p
H)
E
xper
i
m
e
ntal Valu
e (
p
H)
6.
860
6.
96
6.
860
6.
95
6.
860
6.
94
6.
860
6.
94
6.
860
6.
94
x
̅
= 6.
946
Tabl
e
4. R
e
s
u
l
t
s
o
f
al
kal
i
n
e
e
x
peri
m
e
nt
of t
r
o
ubl
es
h
oot
i
n
g
T
e
st pH
Solution (
p
H)
E
xper
i
m
e
ntal Valu
e (
p
H)
9.
180
9.
070
9.
180
9.
070
9.
180
9.
080
9.
180
9.
060
9.
180
9.
060
x
̅
=
9.
068
3.
1.
2
T
u
rbi
d
i
t
y
sens
or
Th
e system
was tested
with
filtered
water t
h
at h
a
s act
u
a
l read
ing
o
f
0.1.
Again
,
ad
ju
stm
e
n
t
of “Offset”
val
u
e i
n
t
h
e c
o
des
has
bee
n
d
one
t
o
±
0
.
1
0
t
o
ens
u
re
t
h
e
rea
d
i
n
g acc
uracy
.
3.
2
S
y
ste
m
R
e
sul
t
s
The system
is next
setup at
“T
a
s
ik U
T
eM”
. Tw
o
assessm
ent
s
have
bee
n
do
ne w
h
ere
t
h
e
dat
a
were
collected in offline and
onli
n
e
m
easure
m
ents.
3.2.1
Offline
measure
ments
The data of offline
m
easuremet
wa
s record
ed
for fiv
e
d
a
ys in
two
weeks; an
d
m
a
in
tain
ed
to
b
e
collected at e
v
ery 5pm
to 6pm
. The res
u
l
t
s
obt
ai
ne
d a
r
e s
h
ow
n i
n
Fi
gu
re
7.
(a)
week 1
(b
)
week 2
Fig
u
re
7
.
Offli
n
e m
easu
r
em
e
n
t of
pH an
d turb
i
d
ity lev
e
ls
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
d
onesi
a
n
J
E
l
ec En
g &
C
o
m
p
Sci
ISS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
47
52
A Sma
r
t Mo
n
i
t
o
ring
o
f
a
Wa
ter Qu
a
lity
Detecto
r
S
y
stem (
S
.
I. Sa
msud
in
)
95
7
3.
2.
2
Onl
i
n
e
measure
m
ent
s
Th
e
d
a
ta
o
f
on
l
i
n
e
m
easu
r
em
e
n
t was co
llected
with
th
e fun
c
tio
n
o
f
th
e
IoT
ap
p
lication
.
The syste
m
was con
n
ected
to
th
e
Serv
ice
Set Id
en
tifier (SSID) prov
ided
an
d tran
sm
it
t
e
d
th
e d
a
ta to
t
h
e
o
n
lin
e d
a
tabase,
Ubi
dot
s
.
T
h
e F
i
gu
re
8 s
h
o
w
s
a res
u
l
t
col
l
ect
ed
by
t
h
e
o
n
l
i
n
e dat
a
ba
se,
U
b
i
dot
s
.
Fi
gu
re
8.
p
H
a
n
d
t
ss r
e
sul
t
s
o
n
Ubi
dot
s
pl
at
f
o
rm
Th
e pH
resu
lt
s in
d
i
cate t
h
at
th
e tested
water is in
th
e
n
e
u
t
ral ran
g
e
with
slig
h
tly acid
i
c. Th
e resu
lts
also indicate a reading at
pH
7 and ab
o
v
e.
The di
f
f
ere
n
ce
s i
n
readi
n
g i
s
obse
r
ve
d d
u
e t
o
weat
he
r cha
ngi
n
g
w
h
ich
in
r
a
i
n
y o
r
su
nn
y d
a
ys. I
t
w
a
s stud
ied
th
at th
at
wea
t
her ha
s o
bvi
o
u
sl
y
effect
s t
o
wat
e
r p
H
l
e
vel
.
Aci
d
r
a
in
is co
m
p
r
e
h
e
nsiv
ely ackno
w
l
ed
g
e
d
t
o
be accoun
tab
l
e for
acid
i
fyin
g so
il
and
water
in
p
a
rticu
l
ar area,
m
o
stl
y
in
u
r
b
a
n
area [1
2
]
. Th
e rain
th
at fel
l
o
n
so
il wa
s mix
with
fertilizer an
d
th
en
flo
w
down
to
t
h
e lak
e
.
This m
i
xture are acidic, is then m
i
x
to
g
e
th
er
with
th
e
water h
e
n
ce,
may tu
rn
s th
e water slig
h
tly acid
i
c.
Meanwhile,
there were
differe
n
ces readi
ng by 7
m
g
/
l
u
s
ing
offline an
d on
line
approache
s
for t
s
s
measurem
ent. It was st
udie
d
that the rai
n
gave a
n
im
p
act
on
water t
u
rbi
d
ity especia
lly
du
rin
g
heavy
rain. It
was
fo
u
nd t
h
a
t
rai
n
e
v
ent
s
of t
h
e ea
rl
y
r
a
i
n
y
seaso
n
t
h
ro
u
gh m
i
d-t
e
m
p
est
uous sea
s
on
are
co
ncl
u
si
ve i
n
in
itiatin
g
tu
rb
id
ity in
crem
en
t
[13
]
. Th
e rain
t
r
an
spo
r
ted
th
e
sed
i
m
e
n
t
in
to
th
e water and
t
u
rn
s th
e
water
m
u
rk
y
h
e
n
c
e in
creasi
n
g th
e tss.
The res
u
lts collected can be summ
ar
i
zed t
o
avera
g
e pH
o
f
6.
85 a
nd t
ss
of 5
0
m
g
/
l
;
whi
c
h re
fl
ect
t
o
class II of
WQ
I (re
fer Ta
ble 1)
. Acco
r
d
in
g to
WQI, the
IIA nee
d
s a conventional wate
r treatm
e
nt if it uses as
a water supp
ly, wh
ile IIB
is suitab
l
e for
water recreati
o
n
a
l
u
s
ed
b
o
d
y
co
n
t
act.
4.
CO
NCL
USI
O
N
Th
e
p
r
oj
ect aim
s
to
d
e
v
e
lop
a sm
art syste
m
to
m
o
n
ito
r t
h
e water
qu
ality l
e
v
e
l b
a
sed
on
Water
Qu
ality
In
de
x (
W
QI
) a
s
a st
andar
d
p
r
act
i
ce by
Depart
m
e
nt
of Envi
ro
nm
ent
(DOE
) M
a
l
a
y
s
i
a
. The devel
o
pe
d sy
st
em
was succes
sfully detect both pH a
nd tu
rbi
d
ity levels hence updating in
W
i
x
IoT platform. Ove
r
all, the syste
m
devel
ope
d o
f
f
e
rs fast
an
d eas
y
m
oni
t
o
ri
n
g
o
f
p
H
an
d t
u
r
b
i
d
i
t
y
l
e
vel
i
n
ensu
ri
n
g
cl
ean
wat
e
r i
s
cont
i
n
uo
usl
y
main
tain
ed
. Based
on
th
e resu
lts o
b
t
ain
e
d
,
t
h
e water lev
e
l
of “Tasi
k
UTe
M
” can be classified into cla
ss IIB
whi
c
h i
s
sui
t
a
b
l
e for wat
e
r
re
creat
i
onal
use
d
bo
dy
cont
act
.
Ho
we
ver
,
t
h
e prese
n
t
e
d
wo
r
k
was j
u
st
co
n
cern o
n
the p
h
y
s
ical w
a
ter param
e
ters henc
e f
u
rth
e
r exte
nd t
o
ch
em
ical param
e
ter fo
r ve
rify
i
ng a
better res
u
lt in
m
easuri
n
g
t
h
e WQ
I val
u
e
.
ACKNOWLE
DGE
M
ENTS
Th
is
r
e
sear
ch wo
rk
is
fu
lly sup
p
o
r
ted
by PJP/201
6
/
FK
EKK-
CETRI/S0
149
4. Th
e au
thor
s
f
u
lly
ack
nowledg
ed
Min
i
stry o
f
Hi
g
h
e
r Edu
cation (MOHE) an
d
Un
i
v
ersiti Tekn
ik
al Mala
ysia Melak
a
(UTeM) fo
r
th
e appr
ov
ed
fu
nd
and
sup
por
t wh
ich m
a
k
e
s th
is
i
m
port
a
nt
researc
h
vi
abl
e
an
d e
ffect
i
v
e
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
SN
:
2
502
-47
52
I
ndo
n
e
sian
J Elec Eng
& Com
p
Sci, V
o
l. 10
,
No
.
3
,
Jun
e
2
018
:
95
1 – 95
8
95
8
REFERE
NC
ES
[1]
R. Nith
y
a
nandam, T. W. Huan
and N. H. T.
Th
y
,
“Cas
e Stu
d
ies: Analy
s
is o
f
Water Quality in Sungai Batu
Ferringhi,”
Journal of Engin
eeri
ng Science and
Technology
,
EURECA 2014 Special Issue, pp. 15
– 25
, April 201
5.
[2]
A. S. Rao,
et
al.
,
“Design of Low
-
cost Autonomou
s Water Quality
Monitoring Syst
em,”
in Intern
ati
onal Confer
enc
e
on Advances
in
Computing, Co
mmuni
cations and Informatics
(I
CACCI)
,
2013.
[3]
http://www.
wepa-db.
net/policies
/law/malay
s
ia/eq_surface.
h
tm
[4]
Z. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Hao
,
“The design of
the
remote wat
e
r qua
lity
monitoring s
y
stem based on
WSN,”
in 2009
5th International Conferen
ce on
Wire
less Communications, N
e
tw
orking and
M
obile Computing
,
2
009.
pp. 1–4.
[5]
P. Jiang,
et
al
.,
“Design of a water
environment
monitoring
s
y
stem based on wir
e
le
ss sensor networks,”
Sensors,
vol. 9
,
pp
. 6411–
6434, 2009
.
[6]
A. G. da S. Junior,
et al
.,
“Tow
ards a Real-Tim
e Embedded S
y
stem fo
r Water Monitoring Installed in a Robotic
Sailboat,”
Senso
rs,
vol. 16(8), 12
26, 2016
.
[7]
N
.
A
.
C
l
o
e
t
e
,
R
.
M
.
M
a
l
e
k
i
a
n
a
n
d
L.
Nair.
“
D
esign of Sm
art Sensors for Rea
l
-
T
im
e W
a
ter
Qualit
y Mon
itoring
,”
IEEE
Ac
cess,
vo
l 4, pp. 3975-39
90, July
2016
.
[8]
MD. R. Ran
j
bar , A. Abda
lla, “Development of an Autono
mous Re
m
o
te Access W
a
ter
Qualit
y Moni
tor
i
ng
Sy
s
t
e
m
,
” Indonesian Journal o
f
Electrica
l
Eng
i
n
eering and
Computer Science,
v
o
l. 8(2)
,
, pp
. 46
7- 474, 2017.
[9]
Y.
Wu,
et
al
.,
“Wa
t
e
r Qua
l
i
t
y
Eva
l
ua
tion Model Based on H
y
br
id PSOBP Neur
al Network Information
engin
eerin
g
coll
ege,
”
TELKOMNIKA Indon
esian Journal
of Electrica
l
Eng
i
n
eering,
vo
l.12(2
)
, pp
. 1495-1501
, 2014
.
[10]
X. Wang and P. Xu, “Deplo
y
m
ent of
Tin
y
OS fo
r Online Water
Sensing,
” TELK
OMNIKA Indonesian Journal of
E
l
ec
t
r
i
c
al
E
n
gi
ne
e
r
i
n
g
,
vol.12(6)
,
pp. 4802 –
480
7, 2014
.
[11]
E. C
.
Krug
and
C. R.
Frink,
“
A
cid Ra
in on
Acid
Soil: A New
Per
s
pectiv
e
”, S
c
ien
ce, vo
l 221(
4610)
,
1983.
[12]
E. Rob
e
rt,
et
al
.,
“
M
onitoring wa
ter turb
idit
y
and
s
u
rface s
u
s
p
end
e
d s
e
dim
e
nt
conc
entra
tion of
the
Bagre R
e
s
e
rvoir
(Burkina Faso)
using MODIS a
nd field
refl
ec
ta
nce d
a
ta
,”
Intern
ational Journal of
A
pplied
Earth
Observation an
d
Geoinformation,
vol 52
, pp
. 243-
251, Octob
e
r 20
16.
BIOGRAP
HI
ES OF
AUTH
ORS
Sharatul I
zah Samsudin graduated for her his firs
t degree in B.En
g (Electronic En
gineer
ing) at
Universiti Sains
Mala
y
s
i
a
(USM). Following
that
, she obtain
e
d her M.Eng.
and PhD fro
m
Universiti T
e
kn
ologi Mala
ysi
a
(
U
TM). She special
i
zes on contro
l s
y
stem
m
odeli
ng with inter
e
st
in water qu
ality
control
environ
m
ent and IoT ap
p
lications. She
is currently
work
ing as a senior
lecturer in
the Industrial
Electronic Depar
tment, Faculty
of Electronic
and Computer
Engineering, UTeM
Sani Irwan Md
Salim obtained
his first degree
in B.Eng (Electronic Engin
eer
ing), from the
Universiti
Tekn
ologi Mal
a
ysia
(UTM), in 200
2.
Following
th
at,
he ob
ta
ined
his M.EngSc
(Computer & Co
mmunication) fr
om Queensland
Univ
ersity
of
Technolog
y
(
QUT)
,
Australia. He
is currently
working as senior lectur
er in th
e Computer Engineering
Department, Faculty
of
Ele
c
troni
c and Com
puter Engineering
,
UTeM
.
His
m
a
in res
earch are
a
is
in reconfigurab
le
com
puting with
inter
e
st in
FPGA appl
ica
tions.
Khairuddin Osm
a
n receiv
e
d B. Eng. in El
ec
tr
onics Engine
eri
ng (Industrial E
l
ec
tronics) from
Universiti T
e
kni
kal Mala
ysi and
M. Eng. in El
e
c
tri
cal Eng
i
ne
eri
ng (Elec
t
ri
cal –
Mechatron
i
cs
and Autom
a
tic
Control) from
Universiti T
e
kn
ologi Malay
s
i
a
. In 2014, he com
p
leted Ph.D.
degree
in El
ectr
i
cal Engin
eering
from
Universiti
Teknologi Mal
a
y
s
i
a
. He
is cur
r
entl
y
a senior
lec
t
urer a
t
the F
acul
t
y
o
f
El
ectr
onics
and Com
puter Engin
eer
ing
,
Univers
i
t
i
Tek
n
ikal M
a
l
a
y
s
ia
M
e
laka
, M
a
la
ys
ia.
His
int
e
res
t
s
are
in m
e
chatr
onics
,
em
bedde
d s
y
s
t
em
,
pneu
m
atic
actu
a
tor
,
industrial electro
n
ic
s, and
robo
tics.
Siti Fat
i
m
a
h Sulaim
an r
e
c
e
ive
d
B.
Eng.
(Ind
u
strial
El
ectron
i
cs) from
Unive
r
siti T
e
knik
a
l
Malay
s
ia Melak
a
in 2009
and
M. Eng
.
(
E
lectri
cal – Mechatron
i
cs and Automatic Control)
from
Universiti Tekn
ologi Malay
s
ia
in 2012. She is cu
rrentl
y
pursuing Ph.D. degree in Electri
cal
Engine
ering
at
Universiti
Tekn
ologi Mal
a
y
s
ia
.
Her m
a
in r
e
se
arch
inter
e
st
is
in the
fi
eld of
control s
y
stem design, s
y
stem
id
entifi
c
a
tion,
m
e
c
h
atroni
cs, autom
a
tion
,
and
instru
m
e
ntation
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.