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Science
Vo
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21
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109
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0
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2
9
8
;
T
h
is
re
su
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t
a
ll
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w
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d
to
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lu
d
e
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sp
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lo
w
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w
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ich
m
e
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s
th
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m
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tain
s
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e
q
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a
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to
m
a
ti
n
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th
e
f
ire t
u
b
e
b
o
il
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r
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
Au
to
m
a
tio
n
B
u
r
n
er
E
f
f
icien
c
y
Fire
tu
b
e
b
o
iler
Hu
m
an
m
ac
h
in
e
i
n
ter
f
ac
e
Ox
y
g
e
n
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
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P
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g
r
am
m
ab
le
l
o
g
ic
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o
n
tr
o
ller
Stea
m
g
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n
Var
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n
o
f
o
x
y
g
e
n
T
h
is
is
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
O
m
ar
Fre
d
d
y
C
h
a
m
o
r
r
o
Atala
y
a
Facu
ltad
d
e
I
n
g
e
n
ier
ia
y
Gesti
ó
n
Un
i
v
er
s
id
ad
Nac
io
n
al
T
ec
n
o
ló
g
ica
d
e
L
i
m
a
S
u
r
Villa
E
L
Sa
lv
ad
o
r
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P
er
ú
E
m
ail:
o
m
ar
_
ch
a
m
o
r
r
o
1
@
h
o
t
m
ail.
co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
Af
ter
J
a
m
es
W
att's
in
v
e
n
tio
n
s
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
ts
,
s
tea
m
e
n
g
in
e
s
b
ec
a
m
e
th
e
f
ir
s
t
ch
o
ice
f
o
r
en
er
g
y
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
[
1
]
.
T
h
e
b
o
iler
s
w
e
r
e
also
s
u
b
j
ec
t to
tech
n
o
lo
g
ica
l i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
s
,
d
r
iv
en
b
y
s
ee
k
in
g
a
h
ea
t so
u
r
ce
,
w
it
h
o
u
t
th
e
d
r
a
w
b
ac
k
o
f
b
u
r
n
in
g
co
al
[
2
]
.
C
u
r
r
en
tl
y
th
e
tr
en
d
is
to
r
ef
er
to
th
ese
m
ac
h
in
e
s
as
s
tea
m
g
en
er
ati
n
g
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t,
r
ef
er
r
i
n
g
to
th
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
h
e
at
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
r
r
ec
o
v
er
y
an
d
ad
d
itio
n
al
h
ea
t
tr
an
s
f
er
to
a
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
f
l
u
id
[
3
]
.
On
th
e
o
t
h
er
h
a
n
d
,
th
e
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
h
i
g
h
er
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
a
n
d
th
e
w
id
e
av
ailab
ili
t
y
o
f
f
o
s
s
i
l
f
u
e
ls
,
ad
d
ed
to
th
e
lac
k
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
ab
o
u
t
r
en
e
w
ab
le
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
,
led
m
a
n
y
co
u
n
tr
ies
to
ad
o
p
t
en
er
g
y
s
u
p
p
l
y
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
er
m
o
elec
tr
ic
p
la
n
ts
[
4
]
.
T
h
is
co
n
tr
ib
u
ted
to
a
s
i
g
n
i
f
ica
n
t
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
in
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
b
o
iler
s
i
n
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
[
5
]
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
o
v
er
t
h
e
y
ea
r
s
,
t
h
e
co
s
t
o
f
f
u
el
s
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
a
n
d
en
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
tal
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
b
ec
am
e
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
co
n
ce
r
n
s
f
o
r
m
o
d
er
n
s
o
ciet
y
[
6
]
.
T
h
u
s
,
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
a
ls
r
elate
d
to
t
h
e
f
lu
s
h
o
f
b
o
iler
m
an
u
f
ac
t
u
r
in
g
co
n
ce
n
tr
ated
ef
f
o
r
ts
o
n
i
m
p
r
o
v
in
g
t
h
e
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
s
tea
m
g
e
n
er
ated
[
7
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N
:
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4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
21
,
No
.
1
,
J
an
u
ar
y
2
0
2
1
:
1
0
1
-
109
102
C
u
r
r
en
tl
y
,
d
u
e
to
v
ar
io
u
s
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
ts
a
n
d
i
n
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
in
d
u
s
tr
ial
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
,
s
tea
m
i
s
s
t
ill
u
s
ed
i
n
di
f
f
er
e
n
t
ac
ti
v
itie
s
,
s
u
c
h
as
cl
ea
n
in
g
,
h
ea
ti
n
g
a
n
d
as
a
n
i
n
p
u
t
f
o
r
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
i
n
ad
d
itio
n
to
p
o
w
er
g
en
er
atio
n
[
8
]
.
A
lth
o
u
g
h
s
e
v
er
al
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
ag
r
ee
m
e
n
ts
h
av
e
b
ee
n
s
ig
n
ed
to
p
r
eser
v
e
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t,
m
an
y
b
o
iler
s
r
e
m
ain
o
p
er
atin
g
u
n
d
er
in
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
co
n
tr
o
l
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
s
,
w
it
h
ef
f
icie
n
ci
es
co
n
s
id
er
ab
l
y
f
ar
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
m
an
u
f
ac
tu
r
er
'
s
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
s
[
9
]
.
On
e
o
f
th
e
w
a
y
s
t
o
q
u
an
ti
f
y
th
i
s
lac
k
o
f
e
f
f
icien
c
y
in
th
e
b
o
iler
s
i
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
e
lev
el
o
f
o
x
y
g
e
n
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
in
th
e
c
h
i
m
n
e
y
o
f
a
b
o
iler
[
1
0
]
.
Fire
tu
b
e
b
o
iler
s
ar
e
c
h
ar
ac
ter
ized
b
y
t
h
e
cir
c
u
latio
n
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
b
u
s
t
io
n
g
ase
s
i
n
s
id
e
t
h
e
t
u
b
es,
w
h
il
e
th
e
w
ater
to
e
v
ap
o
r
ate
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
s
th
e
o
u
t
s
id
e
s
u
r
f
ac
e
o
f
s
aid
tu
b
es
[
1
1
]
.
T
h
e
en
tire
a
s
s
e
m
b
l
y
,
w
a
ter
an
d
m
u
ltit
u
b
u
lar
h
ea
t
tr
a
n
s
f
er
p
ac
k
ag
e,
i
s
lo
ca
t
ed
i
n
s
id
e
t
h
e
b
o
iler
b
o
d
y
,
f
o
r
m
ed
b
y
a
c
y
li
n
d
r
ical
b
o
d
y
w
it
h
a
h
o
r
izo
n
tal
ar
r
an
g
e
m
e
n
t,
w
h
ic
h
h
a
s
an
u
p
p
er
ch
a
m
b
er
f
o
r
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
a
n
d
ac
cu
m
u
latio
n
o
f
s
tea
m
[
1
2
]
.
T
o
en
s
u
r
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
in
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
t
h
i
s
t
y
p
e
o
f
b
o
iler
,
it
is
e
s
s
e
n
tial
to
m
a
i
n
ta
in
a
co
r
r
ec
t
air
/
f
u
el
r
atio
,
w
h
ich
g
u
ar
an
tee
s
t
h
at
c
o
m
b
u
s
t
io
n
i
s
co
m
p
lete
w
it
h
in
th
e
d
esi
g
n
li
m
it
s
[
1
3
]
.
An
o
th
er
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
a
s
p
ec
t
is
to
en
s
u
r
e
t
h
at
th
e
e
x
ac
t
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
f
u
el
is
b
u
r
n
ed
at
all
ti
m
es,
w
h
ic
h
m
a
k
es
it
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
k
ee
p
th
e
o
u
tlet
s
tea
m
p
r
ess
u
r
e
w
it
h
in
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
li
m
its
,
r
e
g
ar
d
less
o
f
v
ar
i
atio
n
s
i
n
lo
ad
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
ese
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t
s
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
g
u
ar
a
n
teed
w
it
h
o
u
t a
n
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
co
n
tr
o
l s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
th
e
b
o
iler
co
m
b
u
s
t
io
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
ical
ad
v
an
ce
b
r
o
u
g
h
t
w
it
h
it
th
at
in
d
u
s
tr
ial
a
u
to
m
atio
n
is
s
ee
n
as
an
alter
n
ati
v
e
t
h
at
allo
ws
o
p
tim
izin
g
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
al
w
a
y
s
s
ee
k
in
g
to
r
ed
u
c
e
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
in
p
u
ts
,
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
t
h
e
q
u
a
n
tit
y
a
n
d
q
u
alit
y
o
f
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
e
s
o
lu
t
io
n
to
th
e
q
u
est
to
c
o
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
th
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
o
f
f
u
el
u
s
e
is
b
ased
p
r
ec
is
el
y
o
n
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
alitie
s
an
d
ad
v
an
ta
g
es
o
f
f
er
ed
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
a
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
ab
le
lo
g
ic
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
ab
le
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ll
er
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
ec
u
r
it
y
to
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
m
ac
h
in
e,
th
u
s
g
u
ar
an
teei
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
h
u
td
o
w
n
i
n
t
h
e
ev
e
n
t
o
f
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
f
ai
lu
r
e
b
et
w
ee
n
s
er
v
er
s
[
1
7
]
.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
s
b
ased
o
n
m
a
n
u
al
co
n
tr
o
l,
h
as
s
h
o
wn
in
t
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
a
b
o
iler
th
e
lack
o
f
p
r
ec
is
io
n
an
d
w
it
h
t
h
e
m
t
h
e
in
e
f
f
ic
ien
t
u
s
e
o
f
i
n
p
u
ts
(
air
an
d
f
u
el)
u
s
ed
in
th
e
p
r
o
d
u
ct
io
n
o
f
s
tea
m
[
1
8
]
.
An
o
th
er
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
asp
ec
t
o
f
th
e
m
a
n
ip
u
la
tio
n
o
f
o
p
er
ato
r
s
in
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
a
b
o
iler
is
th
e
er
r
o
r
in
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
in
d
icato
r
s
,
s
i
n
ce
t
h
e
y
e
x
p
r
ess
v
ar
iatio
n
i
n
w
h
at
is
n
ee
d
ed
a
n
d
w
h
at
it
o
f
f
er
s
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
i
n
p
u
t
s
[
1
9
]
.
T
o
au
to
m
ate
a
p
o
w
er
p
lan
t
an
d
m
i
n
i
m
ize
h
u
m
a
n
i
n
ter
v
en
t
io
n
,
it
i
s
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
to
d
e
v
elo
p
a
P
L
C
(
P
r
o
g
r
am
m
ab
le
L
o
g
ic
C
o
n
tr
o
ller
)
an
d
SC
AD
A
(
S
u
p
er
v
is
o
r
y
C
o
n
tr
o
l
an
d
Data
A
c
q
u
is
itio
n
)
s
y
s
te
m
to
h
elp
r
ed
u
ce
er
r
o
r
s
in
o
r
d
er
t
o
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
o
s
in
g
an
d
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
p
r
ec
is
io
n
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
in
d
icato
r
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
en
s
o
r
s
an
d
ac
t
u
ato
r
s
t
h
at
a
llo
w
s
el
f
-
r
e
g
u
latio
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
ir
u
i
t
u
b
u
lar
b
o
iler
[
2
0
]
.
L
ik
e
w
i
s
e,
t
h
e
S
C
A
D
A
s
y
s
te
m
in
cl
u
d
es
o
p
er
atio
n
in
ter
f
ac
es,
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
a
n
d
in
s
tr
u
m
e
n
tat
io
n
an
d
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
te
m
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t,
th
at
i
s
,
it
i
s
a
s
et
o
f
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
s
p
ec
iall
y
d
esi
g
n
e
d
to
w
o
r
k
o
n
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
co
n
t
r
o
l
co
m
p
u
ter
s
,
w
it
h
ac
ce
s
s
to
th
e
p
lan
t th
r
o
u
g
h
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
d
ig
ita
l
w
it
h
in
s
tr
u
m
e
n
t
s
an
d
ac
t
u
ato
r
s
[
2
1
]
.
I
n
th
i
s
s
e
n
s
e,
th
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
th
is
ar
ticle
i
s
to
d
escr
ib
e
th
e
au
to
m
atio
n
d
ev
elo
p
ed
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
a
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
ab
le
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
lle
r
f
o
r
th
e
b
u
r
n
er
o
f
a
f
ir
e
t
u
b
e
b
o
iler
,
in
o
r
d
er
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
i
n
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
g
en
er
ati
n
g
s
tea
m
q
u
an
t
if
ied
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
e
o
f
o
x
y
g
e
n
g
e
n
er
ated
.
T
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tat
io
n
w
ill
b
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
u
n
d
er
th
e
co
n
t
r
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
s
er
v
o
m
o
to
r
s
t
h
at
allo
w
g
r
ad
u
all
y
o
p
en
i
n
g
o
r
clo
s
in
g
th
e
s
o
le
n
o
id
v
alv
e
s
th
at
d
o
s
e
th
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
air
an
d
f
u
el,
b
ein
g
m
o
n
ito
r
ed
f
r
o
m
a
n
HM
I
p
an
el
(
Hu
m
a
n
-
m
ac
h
i
n
e
i
n
ter
f
ac
e)
.
2.
P
RO
CE
DUR
E
T
h
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
d
escr
ib
es
i
n
itia
ll
y
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
lo
g
ic
o
n
w
h
ic
h
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
ab
le
lo
g
ic
co
n
t
r
o
ller
w
il
l
b
e
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
ed
;
f
o
r
w
h
ich
t
h
e
ele
m
e
n
ts
to
b
e
s
e
n
s
ed
(
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
o
x
y
g
en
an
d
v
a
p
o
r
p
r
ess
u
r
e)
w
er
e
id
en
ti
f
ied
in
cic
la
m
e
n
te,
a
n
d
o
n
t
h
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
to
id
en
tify
t
h
e
ac
tu
ato
r
s
t
h
at
w
il
l
allo
w
to
a
ctu
ate
t
h
e
ele
m
e
n
ts
th
at
w
ill
allo
w
to
r
eg
u
late
t
h
e
d
o
s
ag
e
o
f
air
an
d
f
u
el
i
n
th
e
f
ir
e
tu
b
e
b
o
iler
.
On
ce
w
h
at
w
a
s
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
th
e
au
to
m
at
io
n
w
a
s
id
en
ti
f
ied
,
t
h
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
t
p
r
o
v
id
ed
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
t
h
e
d
esire
d
v
al
u
e
s
f
o
r
e
ac
h
o
f
t
h
e
v
ar
iab
les
u
n
d
er
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
w
a
s
tr
a
n
s
f
er
r
ed
to
t
h
e
P
L
C
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
in
g
;
T
ab
le
1
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
lo
g
ic.
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
s
ch
e
m
atic
o
f
th
e
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
a
r
ch
itect
u
r
e
o
f
th
e
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
a
n
d
ac
tu
ato
r
s
w
i
th
t
h
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
a
b
le
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
w
h
ic
h
r
ef
lect
s
th
e
lo
g
ical
co
n
d
itio
n
s
d
ef
in
ed
i
n
T
ab
le
2
.
T
ab
le
1
.
C
o
n
tr
o
l lo
g
ic
ac
co
r
d
i
n
g
to
t
h
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
o
x
y
g
e
n
an
d
v
ap
o
r
p
r
ess
u
r
e
V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
s t
o
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
P
r
e
se
n
t
v
a
l
u
e
o
f
t
h
e
v
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
(
p
v
)
S
e
r
v
o
mo
t
o
r
1
(
a
i
r
d
a
mp
e
r
)
S
e
r
v
o
mo
t
o
r
2
(
f
u
e
l
d
a
m
p
e
r
)
O
x
y
g
e
n
p
e
r
c
e
n
t
a
g
e
p
v
<
3
%
F
o
r
e
v
e
r
y
0
.
1
%
b
e
l
o
w
i
t
mu
st
c
l
o
se
3
°
F
o
r
e
v
e
r
y
1
%
b
e
l
o
w
i
t
mu
st
c
l
o
se
5
°
p
v
>
=
3
%
F
o
r
e
v
e
r
y
0
.
1
%
a
b
o
v
e
i
t
m
u
st
b
e
o
p
e
n
e
d
3
°
F
o
r
e
v
e
r
y
1
%
a
b
o
v
e
i
t
m
u
st
o
p
e
n
5
°
V
a
p
o
r
p
r
e
ssu
r
e
p
v
<
=
1
2
5
p
s
i
F
o
r
e
v
e
r
y
1
p
si
b
e
l
o
w
i
t
mu
s
t
o
p
e
n
2
°
F
o
r
e
v
e
r
y
1
p
si
b
e
l
o
w
i
t
m
u
st
o
p
e
n
2
.
4
°
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
A
u
to
ma
tio
n
o
f th
e
b
u
r
n
er o
f a
p
ir
o
tu
b
u
la
r
b
o
iler
to
imp
r
o
ve
th
e
effic
ien
cy
in
…
.
(
Oma
r
C
h
a
mo
r
r
o
-
A
ta
la
ya
)
103
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Sen
s
o
r
an
d
ac
tu
a
to
r
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
w
it
h
t
h
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m
m
ab
le
l
o
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ic
co
n
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o
ller
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le
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.
Dr
iv
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o
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th
e
b
o
tto
m
an
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p
b
lo
w
d
o
w
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o
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t
h
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o
iler
D
r
i
v
e
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g
i
c
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o
t
t
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m
B
l
o
w
d
o
w
n
V
a
l
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e
w
i
l
l
o
p
e
n
e
v
e
r
y
8
h
o
u
r
s fo
r
3
0
se
c
o
n
d
s
S
u
p
e
r
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o
r
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u
r
g
e
P
a
r
t
i
c
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l
a
t
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e
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p
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l
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>
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0
0
0
,
p
u
r
g
e
v
a
l
v
e
o
p
e
n
s fo
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se
c
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n
d
s
Fro
m
th
e
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n
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s
h
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n
in
T
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d
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le
2
,
an
d
a
s
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tli
n
ed
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
,
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
ab
le
lo
g
ic
co
n
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o
ller
is
th
e
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
; b
el
o
w
is
a
s
u
m
m
ar
y
o
f
s
o
m
e
p
r
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g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
w
in
d
o
w
s
.
I
n
F
ig
u
r
e
2
,
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
e
g
m
en
t
o
f
th
e
Or
g
an
izatio
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B
lo
ck
O
B
1
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
i
n
g
is
s
h
o
w
n
,
t
h
e
“Star
t”
in
p
u
t
i
s
d
ef
i
n
ed
,
in
w
h
ic
h
th
e
n
o
r
m
all
y
o
p
en
b
u
tto
n
(
%
I
0
.
0
)
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ill
b
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
,
it
w
il
l
b
e
u
s
ed
to
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tar
t
th
e
p
r
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ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
“
S
to
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in
p
u
t
is
also
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ef
i
n
ed
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n
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h
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o
r
m
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n
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n
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tio
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ce
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at
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n
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A
d
d
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tio
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t
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o
r
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d
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o
f
f
(
% M
1
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4
)
th
e
HM
I
p
an
el
(
Hu
m
an
Ma
c
h
i
n
e
I
n
ter
f
ac
e)
w
er
e
d
ef
i
n
ed
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Def
i
n
in
g
t
h
e
s
tar
t a
n
d
s
to
p
in
p
u
ts
o
f
t
h
e
au
to
m
ated
b
o
iler
an
d
th
e
HM
I
p
an
el
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
21
,
No
.
1
,
J
an
u
ar
y
2
0
2
1
:
1
0
1
-
109
104
I
n
F
ig
u
r
e
3
,
th
e
lo
w
er
p
u
r
g
e
s
tag
e
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
,
it
o
p
er
ates
ev
er
y
8
h
o
u
r
s
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
a
T
ON
ti
m
e
r
(
ti
m
er
w
it
h
d
ela
y
i
n
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
)
,
w
h
ic
h
i
s
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
ed
f
o
r
2
4
h
o
u
r
s
,
th
e
s
a
m
e
th
a
t
w
ill
a
ctiv
ate
t
h
e
s
o
le
n
o
id
v
alv
e
e
v
er
y
8
h
o
u
r
s
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
th
e
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
b
lo
ck
s
(
eq
u
al
to
8
h
o
u
r
s
,
1
6
h
o
u
r
s
,
2
4
h
o
u
r
s
)
th
at
ar
e
s
u
b
j
ec
t
to
th
e
ti
m
er
an
d
h
a
v
e
a
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
t
i
m
e
o
f
3
0
s
ec
o
n
d
s
w
h
ic
h
w
o
r
k
s
w
it
h
a
T
ON
ti
m
er
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a
co
u
n
ter
w
a
s
p
lace
d
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
r
es
et
th
e
f
ir
s
t
T
ON
ti
m
er
w
h
e
n
it
ar
r
iv
es
at
its
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
ti
m
e
(
2
4
h
o
u
r
s
)
,
an
d
th
e
co
u
n
ter
is
r
eset
af
ter
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
1
h
o
u
r
o
f
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
T
ON
ti
m
er
.
So
th
at
t
h
er
e
is
n
o
co
n
f
lict
in
ti
m
e
s
in
ce
y
o
u
h
a
v
e
a
p
er
m
a
n
e
n
t
w
o
r
k
ti
m
e.
I
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
4
,
it
is
s
h
o
w
n
t
h
at
th
e
u
p
p
e
r
p
u
r
g
e
s
tag
e
w
o
r
k
s
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
co
n
d
u
cti
v
it
y
s
e
n
s
o
r
,
w
h
ic
h
t
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
w
as
s
ca
led
u
s
in
g
a
N
OR
M
A
_
X
b
lo
ck
,
w
h
ich
h
as
a
d
ig
itizatio
n
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
0
-
2
7
6
4
8
,
an
d
th
en
th
i
s
d
ig
itizatio
n
is
co
n
v
er
ted
to
th
e
o
th
er
b
lo
ck
.
w
h
ich
i
s
SC
AL
E
_
X
w
it
h
a
r
an
g
e
o
f
5
0
0
-
1
5
0
0
P
P
M
(
p
a
r
ticles
p
er
m
illi
o
n
)
,
w
h
ich
is
co
n
s
id
er
e
d
as
a
r
e
f
er
en
ce
f
o
r
i
n
s
talla
t
io
n
i
n
t
h
e
b
o
iler
,
w
h
e
n
th
e
co
n
d
u
cti
v
it
y
s
e
n
s
o
r
r
ea
ch
es
it
s
Se
t
P
o
in
t
(
1
0
0
0
PP
M)
,
s
o
len
o
id
v
alv
e
2
is
ac
ti
v
ated
b
y
a
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
b
lo
ck
(
eq
u
alit
y
)
,
w
i
th
a
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
ti
m
e
o
f
3
0
s
ec
o
n
d
s
,
w
h
ic
h
is
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
ed
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
a
T
ON
ti
m
er
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Sch
ed
u
li
n
g
th
e
l
o
w
e
r
p
u
r
g
e
s
tag
e
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
P
r
o
g
r
am
m
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
u
p
p
er
p
u
r
g
e
s
tag
e
T
h
u
s
,
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
a
n
d
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
w
er
e
also
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
to
m
o
n
io
tr
o
g
ate
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
HM
I
p
an
el
(
Hu
m
a
n
Ma
ch
i
n
e
in
ter
f
ac
e)
;
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
5
,
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
HM
I
w
i
n
d
o
w
s
s
h
o
w
i
n
g
th
e
d
ata
ca
p
tu
r
e
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
r
ess
u
r
e
s
en
s
o
r
s
an
d
t
h
e
o
x
y
g
en
s
en
s
o
r
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
a
s
a
s
y
s
te
m
.
I
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
5
(
a
)
,
th
e
s
ce
n
ar
io
is
e
v
id
en
t
w
h
e
n
th
e
o
x
y
g
e
n
s
e
n
s
o
r
is
0
.
2
%
ab
o
v
e
o
u
r
s
et
p
o
in
t
(
3
.
2
%).
Ser
v
o
m
o
to
r
1
h
as
an
o
p
en
in
g
an
g
u
lar
d
is
p
lace
m
e
n
t
o
f
6
°
f
o
r
th
e
o
p
en
in
g
o
f
air
,
an
d
th
e
s
er
v
o
m
o
to
r
2
h
as
an
o
p
en
in
g
a
n
g
u
lar
d
is
p
lace
m
e
n
t
o
f
1
0
°
f
o
r
th
e
g
a
s
,
s
o
t
h
at
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
f
i
n
d
s
it
s
s
tab
ilit
y
a
n
d
th
e
o
x
y
g
en
s
e
n
s
o
r
r
et
u
r
n
s
to
it
s
s
et
p
o
i
n
t
(
3
%).
So
al
s
o
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
5
(
b
)
,
th
e
s
ce
n
ar
io
is
ev
id
en
t
w
h
e
n
th
e
o
x
y
g
en
s
en
s
o
r
is
0
.
2
%
lo
w
er
th
a
n
t
h
e
s
et
p
o
in
t
(
2
.
8
%),
w
h
ich
m
ea
n
s
t
h
at
o
u
r
s
er
v
o
m
o
to
r
1
h
as
a
clo
s
i
n
g
a
n
g
u
lar
d
is
p
lace
m
en
t
o
f
6
°
to
th
e
air
,
an
d
th
e
s
er
v
o
m
o
to
r
2
h
as
a
clo
s
in
g
an
g
u
lar
d
is
p
lace
m
e
n
t
o
f
1
0
°
f
o
r
th
e
g
as,
s
o
th
at
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
f
in
d
s
its
s
tab
ilit
y
an
d
th
e
o
x
y
g
e
n
s
e
n
s
o
r
r
etu
r
n
s
to
it
s
s
et
p
o
in
t (
3
%).
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
A
u
to
ma
tio
n
o
f th
e
b
u
r
n
er o
f a
p
ir
o
tu
b
u
la
r
b
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to
imp
r
o
ve
th
e
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ien
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.
(
Oma
r
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h
a
mo
r
r
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-
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ta
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105
(
a)
(
b
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Fig
u
r
e
5
.
P
r
o
g
r
am
m
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
HM
I
,
ac
tu
atio
n
s
tag
e
o
f
t
h
e
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e
r
v
o
m
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to
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s
-
O
x
y
g
e
n
s
e
n
s
o
r
3.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
3
.
1
.
Desig
n a
nd
lev
el
o
f
re
s
e
a
rc
h
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
d
esig
n
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
in
t
h
i
s
ar
ticle
is
t
h
e
E
x
p
er
im
e
n
tal
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n
e,
s
i
n
ce
it
is
i
n
ten
d
ed
to
m
an
ip
u
late
t
h
e
in
i
tial
co
n
ce
p
t
io
n
o
f
th
e
air
an
d
f
u
el
d
o
s
a
g
e
o
f
a
f
ir
e
tu
b
e
b
o
iler
,
in
o
r
d
er
to
ex
p
er
ien
ce
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
s
in
t
h
e
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
e
o
f
o
x
y
g
e
n
;
I
n
o
t
h
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w
o
r
d
s
,
it
s
ee
k
s
to
g
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ate
a
n
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f
ec
t
b
y
m
a
n
ip
u
lati
n
g
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h
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co
n
tr
o
l
p
r
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ce
s
s
th
at
g
o
v
er
n
s
t
h
e
b
o
iler
b
u
r
n
er
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
th
e
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
d
esi
g
n
s
is
to
d
eter
m
in
e
h
o
w
t
h
e
v
ar
iatio
n
o
f
a
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
f
ac
to
r
s
ca
lled
v
ar
iab
les
a
f
f
ec
t
th
e
b
eh
a
v
io
r
o
f
a
s
y
s
te
m
t
h
at
i
s
te
s
ted
u
n
d
er
co
n
tr
o
lled
co
n
d
itio
n
s
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
e
lev
el
o
f
r
esear
c
h
ad
d
r
ess
ed
in
t
h
i
s
ar
ticle
is
d
escr
ip
tiv
e
/
co
r
r
elatio
n
al.
De
s
cr
ip
tiv
e
b
ec
au
s
e
i
t
in
itial
l
y
s
ee
k
s
to
d
escr
ib
e
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ate
g
y
,
r
el
y
i
n
g
o
n
t
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
a
f
ir
e
tu
b
e
b
o
iler
an
d
t
h
e
d
o
s
ag
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
t
h
e
in
d
u
s
m
o
s
(
air
an
d
f
u
el)
,
w
h
ich
g
en
er
ate
t
h
e
s
tea
m
[
2
4
]
.
A
n
d
it
is
co
r
r
elatio
n
al
b
ec
au
s
e
it
s
ee
k
s
to
s
u
b
j
ec
t
th
e
co
llected
d
ata
to
a
s
tati
s
tical
te
s
t
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
o
b
tain
t
h
e
P
ea
r
s
o
n
'
s
co
r
r
elatio
n
co
ef
f
icie
n
t,
w
h
ic
h
w
il
l
h
elp
u
s
id
en
t
if
y
th
e
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
v
ar
iab
ilit
y
o
f
t
h
e
in
d
i
ca
to
r
in
th
e
“
o
x
y
g
e
n
p
er
ce
n
t
ag
e”
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
,
w
it
h
r
esp
ec
t to
ti
m
e
[
2
5
]
.
3
.
2
.
P
o
pu
la
t
io
n a
nd
s
a
m
ple
I
n
th
e
p
r
esen
t
i
n
v
e
s
ti
g
atio
n
,
th
e
p
o
p
u
latio
n
co
in
cid
es
w
it
h
th
e
s
a
m
p
le
b
ec
au
s
e
o
n
l
y
o
n
e
u
n
it
o
f
an
al
y
s
is
i
s
an
a
l
y
ze
d
,
w
h
ich
i
s
th
e
f
ir
e
tu
b
e
b
o
iler
[
2
6
]
.
3
.
3
.
Da
t
a
c
o
llect
io
n
T
h
e
d
ata
co
llectio
n
w
ill
b
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
tech
n
ical
r
ep
o
r
ts
,
in
w
h
ich
it
i
s
i
n
te
n
d
ed
to
ca
r
r
y
o
u
t
th
e
d
ata
ca
p
t
u
r
es,
i
n
a
ti
m
e
i
n
ter
v
al
o
f
t
w
o
m
in
u
te
s
f
o
r
th
e
p
er
io
d
o
f
o
n
e
h
o
u
r
,
i
n
a
s
i
n
g
le
d
a
y
;
th
e
d
ata
ass
o
ciate
d
w
it
h
t
h
e
i
n
v
esti
g
atio
n
is
th
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
o
x
y
g
en
,
b
e
f
o
r
e
an
d
a
f
ter
t
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
an
d
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
au
to
m
a
tio
n
[
2
7
]
.
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S
A
ND
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
4
.
1
.
Resul
t
s
I
n
r
elatio
n
to
t
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
es
o
f
th
is
r
esear
c
h
,
w
h
ich
ai
m
s
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
a
f
ir
e
t
u
b
e
b
o
iler
f
r
o
m
its
au
to
m
atio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
ab
le
lo
g
ic
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
,
th
e
r
es
u
lts
o
b
tain
ed
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
b
elo
w
,
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
d
ata
co
llected
e
x
p
er
i
m
en
tall
y
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
r
ep
o
r
ts
.
I
t
is
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
to
s
p
ec
if
y
t
h
at
th
e
q
u
an
titati
v
e
in
d
icato
r
u
n
d
er
an
al
y
s
i
s
is
t
h
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
o
x
y
g
e
n
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
at
th
e
o
u
tlet
o
f
th
e
b
o
iler
ch
i
m
n
e
y
.
Fi
g
u
r
e
6
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
v
ar
iab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
o
x
y
g
e
n
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
e.
Fro
m
F
i
g
u
r
e
7
,
w
e
ca
n
i
n
ter
p
r
et
th
at
b
e
f
o
r
e
t
h
e
a
u
to
m
atio
n
,
th
e
o
x
y
g
en
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
e
s
h
o
wed
g
r
ea
ter
v
ar
iab
ilit
y
w
it
h
r
esp
ec
t to
th
e
d
esire
d
v
alu
e;
T
h
e
o
s
cillatio
n
r
an
g
e
b
ef
o
r
e
au
to
m
atio
n
tu
r
n
e
d
o
u
t to
b
e
b
etw
ee
n
2
.
5
%
an
d
4
.
5
%;
w
h
er
ea
s
a
f
te
r
au
to
m
atio
n
th
e
o
s
cilla
tio
n
i
n
ter
v
al
is
al
m
o
s
t
en
t
ir
el
y
ce
n
t
er
ed
o
n
th
e
d
esire
d
v
alu
e
;
th
i
s
is
u
n
d
er
s
to
o
d
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
ab
le
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ller
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
an
d
ac
tu
ato
r
s
allo
w
to
o
p
en
an
d
clo
s
e
th
e
d
a
m
p
er
s
in
a
tim
e
l
y
m
an
n
er
,
co
r
r
ec
tl
y
d
o
s
in
g
th
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
in
p
u
ts
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
s
tea
m
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
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m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
21
,
No
.
1
,
J
an
u
ar
y
2
0
2
1
:
1
0
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-
109
106
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Dis
p
er
s
io
n
m
o
d
el
o
f
th
e
co
llected
d
ata
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Var
iatio
n
o
f
th
e
p
er
c
en
tag
e
o
f
o
x
y
g
e
n
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
b
ef
o
r
e
an
d
af
ter
th
e
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u
to
m
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n
No
w
I
w
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ll
d
eter
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
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v
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r
ag
e
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f
t
h
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p
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ce
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tag
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x
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e
f
o
r
e
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d
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ter
au
to
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at
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n
.
T
h
is
is
d
u
e
to
t
h
e
f
ac
t
th
at
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
al
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
t
h
e
air
a
n
d
f
u
el
r
at
io
lead
s
t
o
o
b
tain
in
g
o
p
ti
m
al
r
esu
lt
s
in
ter
m
s
o
f
f
u
el
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
; i
n
t
h
is
s
e
n
s
e,
w
e
d
e
f
in
e
b
o
iler
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
u
s
i
n
g
(
1
)
[
2
8
]
.
(
1
)
w
h
er
e:
P
P
ODA
=
Av
er
ag
e
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
e
o
f
o
x
y
g
en
a
f
ter
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to
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atio
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.
P
P
OA
A
=
Av
er
ag
e
p
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ce
n
ta
g
e
o
f
o
x
y
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en
b
e
f
o
r
e
au
to
m
at
io
n
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
d
ata
o
b
tain
ed
ab
o
v
e,
th
e
r
esu
lts
w
i
ll b
e
r
ep
lace
d
in
(
2
)
:
(
2
)
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
r
es
u
lts
,
a
u
to
m
atio
n
i
m
p
r
o
v
es e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
i
n
s
tea
m
g
e
n
er
atio
n
,
b
y
1
8
.
6
9
%.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
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SS
N:
2502
-
4752
A
u
to
ma
tio
n
o
f th
e
b
u
r
n
er o
f a
p
ir
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u
la
r
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o
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to
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r
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ve
th
e
effic
ien
cy
in
…
.
(
Oma
r
C
h
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mo
r
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o
-
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ta
la
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)
107
A
l
s
o
in
T
ab
le
3
,
th
e
r
esu
lt
o
f
P
ea
r
s
o
n
'
s
co
r
r
elatio
n
an
al
y
s
is
is
s
h
o
w
n
,
o
f
th
e
d
ata
co
llected
af
ter
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
au
to
m
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
f
ir
e
tu
b
e
b
o
iler
.
T
h
is
w
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th
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p
u
r
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m
i
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t
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ata
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t
h
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is
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er
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io
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is
o
f
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s
a
m
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T
ab
le
3
.
P
ea
r
s
o
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r
r
elatio
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n
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y
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i
s
r
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lt
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n
p
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r
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t
a
g
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a
f
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u
t
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mat
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me
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c
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s)
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me
(
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c
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icate
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ir
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tu
b
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ce
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d
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to
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alu
e
f
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an
o
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ti
m
al
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p
r
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ce
s
s
.
4
.
2
.
Dis
cus
s
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ns
I
n
r
elatio
n
to
t
h
e
r
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ta
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an
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m
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t
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r
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p
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am
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to
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ata
p
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s
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in
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t
h
r
o
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th
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tati
s
tical
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r
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n
a
n
a
l
y
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i
s
,
y
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u
h
a
v
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f
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w
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c
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s
:
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r
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ce
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ati
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iler
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s
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eter
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in
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en
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f
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x
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e
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th
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iler
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m
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at
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m
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b
y
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9
%,
in
th
is
r
esp
ec
t
Sp
in
elli
et
al
(
2
0
1
8
)
,
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w
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A
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tical
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as s
tated
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p
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lu
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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S
[1
]
J.
M
e
n
d
e
s,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
ss
e
s
m
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u
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Br
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9
,
p
p
.
3
2
1
7
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2
6
,
2
0
1
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.
[2
]
I.
Do
sa
,
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n
d
B.
T
o
m
u
s,
“
E
ff
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n
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S
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to
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Eco
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Di
f
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t
L
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,
”
M
u
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c
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e
-
XX
XII
M
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CAD
In
ter
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M
isk
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p
p
.
1
-
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2
0
1
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.
[3
]
S
.
T
a
h
sin
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
De
sig
n
a
n
d
I
m
p
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m
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tatio
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Bo
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to
m
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sin
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P
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Co
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:
2
0
1
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1
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In
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a
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Co
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fer
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Ad
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in
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R
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1
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2
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.
[4
]
R.
M
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d
a
,
“
Bo
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lers
:
Clas
sif
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a
ti
o
n
,
Us
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s,
a
n
d
He
a
t
T
r
a
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sfe
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M
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c
h
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ism
s
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e
m
é
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J
o
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rn
a
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Au
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2
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.
[5
]
G
.
P
in
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d
a
,
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t
a
l.
,
“
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o
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y
to
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term
in
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,
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1
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.
[6
]
A
.
P
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re
z
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t
a
l.
,
“
Ev
a
lu
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ti
o
n
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f
th
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so
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k
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f
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to
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s a
n
d
En
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g
,
2
0
1
7
.
[7
]
R.
Jim
e
n
e
z
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
M
e
th
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d
f
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r
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v
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lu
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f
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f
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m
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to
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”
J
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En
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ti
c
a
,
2
0
1
5
.
[8
]
T
.
Ja
y
a
k
u
m
a
r,
“
A
u
to
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P
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C
F
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S
y
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In
ter
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J
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y
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4
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1
,
p
p
.
3
1
7
-
3
2
0
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2
0
1
3
.
[9
]
M
.
L
e
v
in
sk
y
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e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
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to
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p
le
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u
a
ra
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n
tr
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l
,
”
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o
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rn
a
l
A
u
to
m
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f
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e
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h
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ica
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d
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u
sin
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ss
p
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ss
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s
,
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l.
7
,
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o
.
1
,
p
p
.
6
7
-
7
2
,
2
01
5
.
[1
0
]
G
.
V
a
len
c
ia,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
En
e
rg
y
O
p
ti
m
iza
ti
o
n
o
f
In
d
u
strial
S
tea
m
Bo
il
e
r
u
sin
g
En
e
rg
y
P
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
In
d
ica
to
r
,
”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
E
n
e
rg
y
Eco
n
imics
a
n
d
Po
l
icy
,
v
o
l.
9
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
1
0
9
-
1
1
7
,
2
0
1
9
.
[1
1
]
A
.
G
o
n
z
á
lez
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
o
f
a
P
it
o
tu
b
u
lar
Bo
il
e
r
u
si
n
g
th
e
In
tern
e
t
o
f
T
h
in
g
s
a
s
a
M
o
n
it
o
r
i
n
g
a
n
d
S
e
c
u
rit
y
m
e
a
su
re
,
”
M
e
c
h
a
n
ica
l
En
g
in
e
e
ri
n
g
J
o
u
rn
a
l
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
2
]
R.
Riv
a
s,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Ro
b
u
st
Ord
e
r
C
o
n
tr
o
l
o
f
V
a
p
o
r
P
re
ss
u
re
in
t
h
e
Up
p
e
r
Do
m
e
o
f
a
Ba
g
a
ss
e
Bo
il
e
r
,
”
Ib
e
ro
a
me
ric
a
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
A
u
to
ma
ti
o
n
a
n
d
In
d
u
st
ria
l
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
,
2
0
1
4
.
[1
3
]
P
.
M
a
d
e
jsk
i
a
n
d
P
.
Zy
m
e
lk
a
,
“
Ca
lcu
latio
n
m
e
th
o
d
s
o
f
ste
a
m
b
o
li
e
r
o
p
e
ra
ti
o
n
f
a
c
to
rs
u
n
d
e
r
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a
ry
in
g
o
p
e
ra
ti
n
g
c
o
n
d
icti
o
n
s w
h
it
th
e
u
se
o
f
c
o
m
p
u
tatio
n
a
l
th
e
rm
o
d
y
n
a
m
ic
m
o
d
e
li
n
g
,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
En
e
rg
y
,
v
o
l.
1
9
7
,
p
.
1
1
7
2
2
1
,
2
0
2
0
.
[1
4
]
V
.
F
e
li
u
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
F
ire
tu
b
e
In
d
u
str
ial
Bo
il
e
rs,
F
ra
c
ti
o
n
a
l
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n
tro
l
,
”
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u
to
ma
ti
c
J
o
u
rn
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l
a
n
d
I
n
stru
me
n
t
a
ti
o
n
,
v
o
l.
3
6
4
,
20
0
5.
[1
5
]
S
.
Ka
laiv
a
n
i
a
n
d
M
.
Ja
g
a
d
e
e
s
wa
ri,
“
P
L
C
&
S
CA
D
A
Ba
se
d
Eff
e
c
ti
v
e
Bo
il
e
r
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u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
S
y
ste
m
f
o
r
T
h
e
r
m
a
l
P
o
w
e
r
P
lan
t
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
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l
o
f
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v
a
n
c
e
d
Res
e
a
rc
h
in
Co
mp
u
ter
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g
in
e
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rin
g
&
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
v
o
l.
4
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
1
6
5
3
-
1
6
5
7
,
2
0
1
5
.
[1
6
]
S
.
Na
ra
n
jo
,
“
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
o
f
a
Bio
d
ies
e
l
P
ro
d
u
c
ti
o
n
P
lan
t
f
ro
m
M
a
rin
e
A
lg
a
e
a
n
d
M
icro
a
lg
a
e
,
”
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
T
e
lem
a
ti
c
S
t
u
d
ies
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
7
]
J.
Qu
e
z
a
d
a
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
HMI
-
P
L
C
-
A
DF
-
AC
m
o
to
r
s
y
ste
m
f
o
r
sp
e
e
d
c
o
n
tro
l
,
”
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
re
se
a
rc
h
a
n
d
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l.
19
,
n
o
.
4,
pp.
30
-
40
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
8
]
M
.
M
o
led
a
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
P
re
d
ictiv
e
M
a
in
ten
a
n
c
e
o
f
Bo
il
e
r
F
e
e
d
W
a
t
e
r
P
u
m
p
s
Us
in
g
S
C
A
D
A
Da
ta
,
”
R
e
v
ista
S
e
n
so
rs
,
v
o
l.
2
0
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
.
5
7
1
,
2
0
2
0
.
[1
9
]
A
.
Na
n
d
g
a
v
e
,
et
a
l.
,
“
In
d
u
str
ial
Driv
e
s
&
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
u
si
n
g
P
L
C
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
Res
e
a
rc
h
&
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
v
o
l.
3
,
n
o
,
2
,
p
p
.
2
2
2
8
-
2
2
3
3
,
2
0
1
4
.
[2
0
]
G
.
Am
it
a
n
d
P
.
M
a
h
a
d
e
v
,
“
P
L
C
Ba
se
d
In
d
u
strial
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
S
y
ste
m
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Rec
e
n
t
T
re
n
d
s
In
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
M
a
n
a
g
e
me
n
t
S
c
ie
n
c
e
,
p
p
.
1
9
-
2
3
,
2
0
1
4
.
[2
1
]
J.
Qu
e
z
a
d
a
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
De
sig
n
a
n
d
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
a
c
o
n
tro
l
a
n
d
m
o
n
it
o
rin
g
sy
ste
m
b
a
se
d
o
n
HMI
-
P
L
C
f
o
r
a
d
rin
k
in
g
w
a
ter we
ll
,
”
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
re
se
a
rc
h
a
n
d
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
v
o
l.
15
,
n
o
.
1,
p
p
.
41
-
5
0
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
2
]
G
.
Bo
n
il
la an
d
Y.
S
ir
it
,
“
Ex
p
e
rim
e
n
tal
De
sig
n
f
o
r
Civ
il
En
g
in
e
e
rs
,
”
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
M
a
g
a
zin
e
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
3
]
F
.
Ca
stil
l
o
a
n
d
F
.
Ch
im
b
o
,
“
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
n
a
u
to
m
a
ti
c
sy
ste
m
im
p
le
m
e
n
ted
o
n
a
f
ire
tu
b
e
i
n
t
h
e
L
a
b
o
ra
to
ry
o
f
In
d
u
strial
P
r
o
c
e
ss
e
s
in
th
e
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
s
-
ES
P
OCH
,
”
M
.
S
.
T
h
e
sis,
Hig
h
e
r
P
o
ly
tec
h
n
ic
S
c
h
o
o
l
o
f
Ch
i
m
b
o
ra
z
o
,
Rio
b
a
m
b
a
,
Ecu
a
d
o
r
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
4
]
A
.
G
a
ll
e
g
o
a
n
d
R.
G
o
n
z
a
les
,
“
M
e
d
o
t
o
lo
g
y
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
Re
se
a
rc
h
,
”
S
c
ien
t
if
ic ma
g
a
zi
n
e
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
5
]
H.
Ca
ste
ll
a
n
o
a
n
d
J.
L
a
n
d
e
ta,
“
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
o
f
th
e
P
u
rg
e
S
y
ste
m
in
th
e
B
o
il
e
r
t
o
im
p
ro
v
e
th
e
T
h
e
rm
a
l
Ef
f
i
c
ien
c
y
o
f
o
p
e
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
th
e
ste
a
m
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
in
t
h
e
S
a
u
sa
g
e
Co
m
p
a
n
y
o
f
L
a
M
a
d
ril
e
ñ
a
,
”
M
.
S
.
T
h
e
sis,
T
e
c
h
n
i
c
a
l
u
n
iv
e
rsity
o
f
Co
to
p
a
x
i,
L
a
tac
a
u
n
g
a
,
Ecu
a
d
o
r,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
6
]
J.
Be
tan
c
o
u
rt
a
n
d
J.
Os
p
in
a
,
“
D
e
sig
n
a
n
d
c
o
n
str
u
c
ti
o
n
o
f
a
Bo
il
e
r
P
r
o
to
ty
p
e
th
a
t
u
se
s
Ja
tro
p
h
a
Cu
rc
a
sh
e
ll
a
s
Co
m
b
u
stib
e
,
”
M
.
S
.
T
h
e
sis,
EA
F
IT
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
M
e
d
e
ll
in
,
Co
lo
m
b
ia,
2
0
1
4
.
[2
7
]
A
.
Av
il
a
a
n
d
J.
P
e
re
z
,
“
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
a
n
d
S
im
u
latio
n
o
f
a
Bo
il
e
r
f
o
r
th
e
I
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
Co
n
tro
l
L
o
o
p
s
w
it
h
P
L
C
,
”
M
.
S
.
T
h
e
sis,
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
P
o
ly
tec
h
n
ic In
stit
u
te,
M
e
x
ico
Cit
y
,
M
e
x
ico
,
2
0
1
5
.
[2
8
]
D.
G
o
ico
c
h
e
a
,
“
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
o
f
th
e
b
u
r
n
e
r
o
f
a
P
iro
t
u
b
u
lar
Bo
il
e
r
,
to
im
p
ro
v
e
th
e
e
ff
icie
n
c
y
in
th
e
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
S
tea
m
,
in
th
e
c
a
rd
b
o
a
rd
c
o
m
p
a
n
y
V
il
la
m
a
ría
S
.
A
,
”
M
.
S
.
T
h
e
sis,
F
e
d
e
rico
V
il
larre
a
l
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
U
n
iv
e
rsit
y
,
L
i
m
a
,
2
0
1
9
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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J
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&
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N:
2502
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4752
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to
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109
[2
9
]
S
.
S
p
i
n
e
ll
i,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
h
iera
rc
h
ica
l
o
p
ti
m
iza
ti
o
n
-
b
a
se
d
sc
h
e
m
e
f
o
r
c
o
m
b
in
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d
f
ire
-
tu
b
e
Bo
il
e
r/CHP
g
e
n
e
ra
to
rs
u
n
it
s
,
”
Eu
ro
p
e
a
n
C
o
n
tro
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
,
L
ima
ss
o
l,
Cy
p
riu
s,
p
p
.
4
1
6
-
4
2
1
,
2
0
1
8
.
[3
0
]
W
.
Zea
s
c
h
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
u
to
m
a
ted
b
o
il
e
r
w
a
ll
c
lea
n
in
a
n
d
in
sp
e
c
ti
o
n
,
”
2
n
d
I
n
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Ap
lp
l
ied
Ro
b
o
ti
c
s fo
r
th
e
P
o
we
r In
d
u
stry
,
Zu
rich
,
S
w
it
z
e
rlan
d
,
p
p
.
5
-
9
,
2
0
1
2
.
[3
1
]
S
.
S
p
in
e
ll
i
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
n
o
p
ti
m
a
l
c
o
n
tr
o
l
o
f
sta
rt
-
u
p
f
o
r
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o
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li
n
e
a
r
f
ire
-
tu
b
e
b
o
il
e
rs
w
it
h
th
e
rm
a
l
stre
ss
c
o
n
stra
in
ts
,
”
Eu
ro
p
e
a
n
C
o
n
tro
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
,
N
a
p
l
e
s,
Italy
,
p
p
.
2
3
6
2
-
2
3
6
7
,
v
o
l.
2
,
2
0
1
9
.
[3
2
]
A
.
Bh
im
ra
o
a
n
d
M
.
P
a
ti
l,
“
P
L
C
Ba
se
d
in
d
u
strial
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
S
y
st
e
m
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Rec
e
n
t
T
re
n
d
s
in
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
M
a
n
a
g
e
me
n
t
S
c
ien
c
e
,
2
0
1
4
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S O
F
AUTH
O
RS
O
m
a
r
Fre
d
d
y
Cha
m
o
r
r
o
Ata
l
a
y
a
is
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e
c
tro
n
ic
e
n
g
in
e
e
r,
sc
h
o
o
l
a
n
d
e
n
a
b
le
d
w
it
h
m
a
ste
r
'
s
d
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g
re
e
in
s
y
ste
m
s
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
w
it
h
m
o
re
th
a
n
1
5
y
e
a
rs
o
f
c
o
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
e
x
p
e
rien
c
e
in
th
e
u
n
iv
e
rsity
c
h
a
ir.
M
a
ste
r
t
e
a
c
h
e
r
i
n
th
e
in
d
u
strial
a
u
t
o
m
a
ti
o
n
c
o
u
rs
e
.
A
u
th
o
r
o
f
se
v
e
ra
l
s
c
ien
ti
f
ic
a
rti
c
les
in
jo
u
r
n
a
ls
in
d
e
x
e
d
in
S
c
o
p
u
s
,
in
d
if
f
e
r
e
n
t
a
re
a
s,
su
c
h
a
s:
S
u
p
e
rv
isio
n
a
n
d
P
ro
c
e
ss
Co
n
tr
o
l,
In
d
u
str
ial
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
,
S
o
lar
P
a
n
e
ls,
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
o
f
F
ire
S
y
ste
m
s,
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
Ba
se
S
tatio
n
s o
f
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s 4
G
-
LT
E
a
n
d
Be
h
a
v
io
ra
l
S
c
ien
c
e
s.
Die
g
o
G
o
ico
c
h
e
a
V
il
e
la
is
a
g
r
a
d
u
a
te
in
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
th
e
F
e
d
e
rico
V
il
larre
a
l
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
Un
iv
e
rsity
.
W
it
h
e
x
p
e
ri
e
n
c
e
in
a
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
f
ire
tu
b
e
b
o
il
e
rs,
u
se
d
a
t
t
h
e
in
d
u
strial
lev
e
l.
A
u
th
o
r
o
f
se
v
e
ra
l
sc
ien
ti
f
ic
a
rti
c
les
in
jo
u
rn
a
ls
in
d
e
x
e
d
in
S
c
o
p
u
s,
i
n
d
if
f
e
r
e
n
t
a
re
a
s,
su
c
h
a
s: S
u
p
e
rv
isio
n
a
n
d
P
r
o
c
e
ss
Co
n
tro
l,
I
n
d
u
strial
A
u
to
m
a
t
io
n
.
Do
r
a
Yv
o
n
n
e
A
r
c
e
S
a
n
til
la
n
i
s
g
ra
d
u
a
ted
e
lec
tri
c
ian
m
e
c
h
a
n
ica
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
r
a
t
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsid
a
d
Na
c
io
n
a
l
T
e
c
n
o
ló
g
ica
d
e
L
i
m
a
S
u
r,
c
o
ll
e
g
e
d
a
n
d
e
n
a
b
led
.
W
it
h
s
tu
d
ies
o
f
M
a
ste
r
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
w
it
h
m
e
n
ti
o
n
in
P
ro
jec
t
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t.
A
u
th
o
r
o
f
se
v
e
r
a
l
sc
ien
ti
f
ic
a
rti
c
les
in
jo
u
r
n
a
ls
in
d
e
x
e
d
in
S
c
o
p
u
s
,
in
d
if
fe
re
n
t
a
re
a
s,
su
c
h
a
s:
S
u
p
e
rv
isio
n
a
n
d
P
r
o
c
e
ss
Co
n
tro
l
,
In
d
u
strial
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
,
S
o
l
a
r
P
a
n
e
ls,
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
o
f
F
ire S
y
ste
m
s a
n
d
Be
h
a
v
io
ra
l
S
c
ien
c
e
s.
M
a
r
tín
Dia
z
Cho
q
u
e
is
is
g
r
a
d
u
a
ted
e
lec
tri
c
ian
m
e
c
h
a
n
ica
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
r
a
t
th
e
Un
iv
e
rsid
a
d
Na
c
io
n
a
l
T
e
c
n
o
ló
g
ica
d
e
L
i
m
a
S
u
r.
A
u
th
o
r
o
f
se
v
e
ra
l
s
c
ien
ti
f
ic
a
rti
c
les
in
jo
u
r
n
a
ls
in
d
e
x
e
d
i
n
S
c
o
p
u
s
,
in
d
if
f
e
re
n
t
a
r
e
a
s,
su
c
h
a
s:
S
u
p
e
rv
isio
n
a
n
d
P
ro
c
e
ss
Co
n
tr
o
l,
In
d
u
strial
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
,
S
o
lar
P
a
n
e
ls,
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
o
f
F
ire
S
y
st
e
m
s an
d
Be
h
a
v
io
ra
l
S
c
ien
c
e
s
.
Te
o
d
o
r
o
Ne
r
i
Dia
z
Le
y
v
a
.
He
h
o
l
d
s
a
M
a
ste
r'
s
De
g
re
e
in
S
y
ste
m
s
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
P
ro
f
e
ss
io
n
a
l
T
it
le
o
f
S
y
ste
m
s
En
g
in
e
e
r
f
ro
m
th
e
F
e
d
e
rico
V
i
ll
a
rre
a
l
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
.
He
tea
c
h
e
s
a
t
th
e
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
ica
l
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
L
i
m
a
S
u
r,
sp
e
c
ialize
d
in
P
r
o
g
ra
m
m
in
g
Lan
g
u
a
g
e
s,
Da
tab
a
se
,
S
o
f
t
w
a
re
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
A
rti
f
icia
l
In
telli
g
e
n
c
e
.
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