I
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n J
o
urna
l o
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lect
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ng
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Co
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Science
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9
,
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.
1
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J
an
u
ar
y
201
8
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p
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.
2
1
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~
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20
I
SS
N:
2502
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4752
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2
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212
J
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ttp
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ter
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24
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a
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m
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o
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h
a
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f
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r
m
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ter
m
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e
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iff
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re
n
t
se
ts
o
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p
e
rim
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F
in
a
ll
y
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b
y
a
p
p
l
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in
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th
e
o
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tain
e
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ize
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A
3
RS
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a
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d
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2
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4
RS
RQ,
th
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rf
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m
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ip
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t.
W
e
d
e
term
in
e
h
o
w
to
a
c
c
u
ra
tel
y
s
e
le
c
t
th
e
o
p
ti
m
a
l
se
tt
in
g
s
f
o
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th
e
p
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r
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m
e
ters
so
th
a
t
g
re
a
ter L
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p
e
rf
o
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m
a
n
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e
c
a
n
b
e
a
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d
.
K
ey
w
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r
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s
:
Han
d
o
v
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ar
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m
eter
s
L
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m
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y
L
T
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et
w
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k
s
M
ea
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u
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m
en
t e
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n
ts
Co
p
y
rig
h
t
©
2
0
1
8
In
stit
u
te o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
S
c
ien
c
e
.
Al
l
rig
h
ts
re
se
rv
e
d
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Min
a
Ma
le
k
za
d
eh
,
Dep
ar
t
m
en
t o
f
E
lectr
ical
an
d
C
o
m
p
u
ter
E
n
g
in
ee
r
i
n
g
,
Hak
i
m
Sab
ze
v
ar
i U
n
i
v
er
s
it
y
,
Sab
ze
v
ar
,
I
r
an
.
E
m
ail:
m
.
m
a
lek
za
d
e
h
@
h
s
u
.
ac
.
ir
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
h
e
X2
-
b
ased
h
an
d
o
v
er
[
1
]
,
h
ap
p
en
s
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
m
o
b
ile
u
s
er
eq
u
ip
m
en
t
(
UE
)
m
o
v
es
in
ter
th
e
eNo
d
eB
s
,
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
er
v
in
g
e
No
d
eB
(
S
-
eNB
)
to
th
e
tar
g
et
eNo
d
eB
(
T
-
eNB
)
,
w
i
th
o
u
t
i
n
v
o
lv
i
n
g
t
h
e
ev
o
l
v
ed
p
ac
k
et
co
r
e
(
E
P
C
)
[
2
]
.
A
s
th
e
UE
m
o
v
es,
t
h
e
S
-
e
NB
k
ee
p
s
its
tr
ac
k
an
d
d
ec
id
es
w
h
e
th
er
a
h
an
d
o
v
er
i
s
r
eq
u
ir
ed
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
v
o
l
v
e
s
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
ts
an
d
d
ec
is
io
n
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
[
3
]
.
T
o
m
a
k
e
s
u
c
h
a
d
ec
is
io
n
,
a
s
et
o
f
ev
en
t
-
b
ased
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
s
ar
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
b
y
b
o
th
UE
a
n
d
S
-
eNB
.
T
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
ts
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
b
y
UE
ar
e
R
e
f
er
en
ce
Si
g
n
al
R
ec
eiv
ed
P
o
w
er
(
R
S
R
P
)
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d
R
ef
er
e
n
ce
Sig
n
al
R
ec
ei
v
ed
Qu
a
lit
y
(
R
SR
Q)
[
4
,
5
]
.
T
h
e
R
S
R
P
is
a
ce
l
l
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
i
g
n
al
s
tr
e
n
g
th
r
elate
d
m
etr
ic
th
at
is
u
s
ed
as
an
in
p
u
t
f
o
r
th
e
ce
ll
r
esele
ctio
n
an
d
h
an
d
o
v
er
d
ec
is
io
n
s
.
Fo
r
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
ce
ll,
th
e
R
SR
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is
d
ef
in
ed
as
th
e
av
er
ag
e
p
o
w
er
(
in
d
B
m
)
o
f
t
h
e
R
e
s
o
u
r
ce
E
le
m
e
n
ts
(
R
E
)
t
h
at
ca
r
r
ies
ce
ll
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
R
e
f
er
en
ce
Si
g
n
als
(
R
S)
w
it
h
i
n
t
h
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
.
T
h
e
R
S
R
P
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
is
u
ti
lized
m
ai
n
l
y
to
m
ak
e
r
an
k
i
n
g
a
m
o
n
g
d
if
f
er
e
n
t c
an
d
id
ate
ce
ll
s
in
ac
c
o
r
d
an
ce
w
it
h
th
e
ir
s
ig
n
a
l s
tr
en
g
th
.
T
h
e
R
SR
Q
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
(
i
n
d
B
)
is
a
ce
ll
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
i
g
n
a
l
q
u
alit
y
m
etr
ic.
S
i
m
ilar
to
th
e
R
SR
P
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t,
t
h
i
s
m
etr
ic
i
s
u
s
ed
m
ai
n
l
y
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
r
an
k
in
g
a
m
o
n
g
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t c
a
n
d
id
ate
ce
ll
s
b
u
t i
n
ac
co
r
d
an
ce
w
it
h
th
eir
s
i
g
n
al
q
u
alit
y
.
T
h
is
m
etr
ic
ca
n
b
e
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
as
a
n
i
n
p
u
t
in
m
a
k
i
n
g
ce
ll
r
ese
lec
tio
n
a
n
d
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
d
ec
is
io
n
s
in
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
in
w
h
i
ch
t
h
e
R
S
R
P
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
s
a
r
e
n
o
t
s
u
f
f
icie
n
t
to
m
ak
e
r
elia
b
le
ce
ll
-
r
e
s
elec
tio
n
an
d
h
an
d
o
v
er
d
ec
is
io
n
s
[
5
].
Af
ter
m
ea
s
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
R
S
R
Q
an
d
R
S
R
P
,
th
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
f
o
r
an
y
o
f
t
h
e
f
i
v
e
p
r
ed
ef
in
ed
ev
en
t
s
ar
e
ch
ec
k
ed
to
ex
a
m
i
n
e
i
f
t
h
e
y
ar
e
m
et.
T
h
e
L
T
E
d
ef
in
e
s
t
h
at
t
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
r
ep
o
r
tin
g
e
v
e
n
ts
a
s
A
1
,
A
2
,
A
3
,
A
4
a
n
d
A
5
ar
e
b
ased
u
p
o
n
ei
th
er
R
SR
P
o
r
R
S
R
Q
m
es
s
ag
e
s
.
T
h
e
ev
en
ts
t
h
at
ca
n
tr
i
g
g
er
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
r
ep
o
r
t in
X2
-
b
ased
h
an
d
o
v
er
a
r
e
lis
ted
in
T
ab
le
1
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
I
mp
a
ct
o
f I
n
ter
-
eNo
d
eB
Ha
n
d
o
ve
r
P
a
r
a
mete
r
s
o
n
P
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
Op
ti
miz
a
tio
n
o
f..
.
(
Min
a
Ma
lekza
d
eh
)
213
T
ab
le
1
.
L
T
E
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t e
v
en
ts
Ev
e
n
t
D
e
scri
p
t
i
o
n
Ev
e
n
t
A
1
S
e
r
v
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b
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c
o
me
s b
e
t
t
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r
t
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a
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t
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sh
o
l
d
Ev
e
n
t
A
2
S
e
r
v
i
n
g
b
e
c
o
me
s w
o
r
se
t
h
a
n
(
≤
)
t
h
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e
sh
o
l
d
Ev
e
n
t
A
3
N
e
i
g
h
b
o
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b
e
c
o
me
s a
n
o
f
f
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t
b
e
t
t
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t
h
a
n
se
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v
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g
Ev
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t
A
4
N
e
i
g
h
b
o
r
b
e
c
o
me
s b
e
t
t
e
r
t
h
a
n
t
h
r
e
sh
o
l
d
Ev
e
n
t
A
5
S
e
r
v
i
n
g
b
e
c
o
me
s w
o
r
se
t
h
a
n
t
h
r
e
sh
o
l
d
1
a
n
d
n
e
i
g
h
b
o
r
b
e
c
o
me
s b
e
t
t
e
r
t
h
a
n
t
h
r
e
sh
o
l
d
2
W
h
en
t
h
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
co
n
d
itio
n
s
f
o
r
a
n
y
o
f
t
h
e
f
iv
e
ev
e
n
ts
ar
e
m
et,
t
h
en
a
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
r
ep
o
r
t
is
tr
ig
g
er
ed
an
d
s
en
t
b
ac
k
to
th
e
S
-
eNB
in
r
esp
o
n
s
e
to
its
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
co
n
tr
o
l
m
ess
a
g
e
[
6
,
7
]
.
T
h
en
,
o
n
ce
th
e
S
-
eNB
m
ak
e
s
a
h
an
d
o
v
er
d
ec
is
io
n
,
it
co
m
m
u
n
icate
s
w
it
h
t
h
e
T
-
eNB
to
in
f
o
r
m
it
o
f
t
h
e
h
an
d
o
v
er
a
n
d
also
allo
ca
tio
n
o
f
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
r
e
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
Af
ter
th
a
t,
th
e
UE
d
etac
h
es
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
S
-
e
NB
an
d
j
o
in
s
th
e
T
-
eNB
.
T
o
h
elp
th
e
UE
s
ac
co
m
p
lis
h
r
ep
o
r
tin
g
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
to
th
e
S
-
eNB
,
th
e
o
v
er
all
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ca
n
b
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
s
e
v
er
al
p
ar
a
m
e
t
er
s
.
T
h
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
o
f
th
e
ev
e
n
ts
b
ased
th
e
T
ab
le
1
s
h
o
w
t
h
at
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
th
e
en
t
ir
e
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
m
ai
n
l
y
r
elie
s
o
n
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
f
o
u
r
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
[
8
]
:
1.
T
h
r
esh
o
ld
:
r
ef
er
s
to
a
n
ab
s
o
l
u
te
v
al
u
e
to
w
h
ic
h
t
h
e
r
ec
ei
v
ed
s
i
g
n
al
lev
e
l
is
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
w
h
et
h
er
it d
r
o
p
s
b
elo
w
o
r
n
o
t.
2.
H
y
s
ter
e
s
is
:
th
er
e
ca
n
b
e
a
d
ela
y
b
et
w
ee
n
w
h
en
t
h
e
UE
d
ec
id
es to
s
e
n
d
a
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t r
ep
o
r
t to
in
it
iate
a
h
an
d
o
v
er
u
n
til
t
h
e
h
an
d
o
v
er
a
ctu
all
y
h
ap
p
en
s
.
D
u
r
in
g
t
h
is
d
ela
y
,
d
u
e
to
f
r
eq
u
e
n
t
m
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
UE
,
th
e
s
i
g
n
al
q
u
alit
y
o
f
t
h
e
T
-
eNB
m
a
y
ch
a
n
g
e
f
o
r
it
an
d
b
ec
o
m
e
w
ea
k
er
w
h
ic
h
w
ill
l
ea
d
to
a
p
o
o
r
h
an
d
o
v
er
a
n
d
t
h
e
p
in
g
-
p
o
n
g
e
f
f
ec
t [
9
]
.
H
y
s
ter
esis
is
a
p
ar
a
m
eter
t
h
at
i
s
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
to
th
e
R
SR
P
an
d
is
u
s
ed
to
m
ak
e
t
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
v
alu
e
o
f
t
h
e
T
-
eNB
lo
o
k
s
w
o
r
s
e
th
an
it
ac
t
u
all
y
is
.
I
t
h
elp
s
th
e
UE
to
ass
u
r
e
t
h
at
th
e
T
-
eNB
is
s
tr
o
n
g
e
n
o
u
g
h
at
t
h
e
ti
m
e
o
f
t
r
ig
g
er
i
n
g
t
h
e
h
an
d
o
v
er
.
3.
Of
f
s
et:
is
t
h
e
p
ar
a
m
e
ter
t
h
at
m
ak
e
s
th
e
S
-
eNB
lo
o
k
s
b
ette
r
th
a
n
it
s
ac
t
u
al
cu
r
r
e
n
t
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
v
al
u
e.
As
th
e
o
f
f
s
e
t
ca
n
h
av
e
e
ith
er
p
o
s
i
tiv
e
o
r
n
e
g
ati
v
e
v
al
u
es,
i
t
h
elp
s
to
ac
co
r
d
in
g
l
y
s
p
ee
d
u
p
o
r
s
lo
w
d
o
w
n
t
h
e
h
an
d
o
v
er
p
r
o
ce
s
s
u
p
o
n
t
h
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t
s
.
4.
T
im
e
to
tr
i
g
g
er
:
d
ep
en
d
i
n
g
o
n
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
co
n
d
it
io
n
s
,
t
h
er
e
ca
n
b
e
q
u
ic
k
v
ar
iat
io
n
s
in
t
h
e
s
ig
n
al
q
u
a
lit
y
o
f
th
e
T
-
eNB
.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
in
o
n
e
h
an
d
t
h
e
s
h
o
r
t
-
ti
m
e
p
ea
k
s
o
f
t
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
s
ig
n
als
ca
n
s
atis
f
y
th
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
to
w
r
o
n
g
l
y
tr
i
g
g
er
th
e
h
an
d
o
v
er
w
h
ile
o
n
t
h
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
th
e
q
u
alit
y
o
f
t
h
e
s
i
g
n
al
i
s
q
u
ick
l
y
d
r
o
p
p
ed
ag
ain
an
d
th
e
co
n
d
iti
o
n
s
ar
e
n
o
t
s
u
itab
le
to
tr
ig
g
er
th
e
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
an
y
m
o
r
e.
T
h
e
T
i
m
e
-
to
-
tr
i
g
g
er
(
T
T
T
)
is
a
ce
r
tain
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
t
i
m
e
th
a
t
UE
w
ait
s
af
ter
th
e
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
co
n
d
itio
n
is
s
ati
s
f
ied
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
T
T
S
lik
e
h
y
s
ter
esis
d
ela
y
s
t
h
e
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
b
u
t r
eg
ar
d
in
g
to
th
e
ti
m
e
n
o
t RS
R
P
.
As
w
e
ca
n
s
ee
,
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
d
ec
id
e
th
e
h
an
d
o
v
er
m
o
m
e
n
t
,
th
e
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
p
ar
am
eter
s
ar
e
d
ir
ec
tly
in
v
o
l
v
ed
in
th
e
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
d
ec
is
io
n
m
ak
in
g
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e.
T
h
u
s
ac
cu
r
atel
y
s
elec
ti
n
g
th
e
co
r
r
e
ct
v
al
u
es
f
o
r
th
e
s
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
is
a
m
ai
n
ch
a
llen
g
e
f
o
r
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
o
f
th
e
o
v
er
all
L
T
E
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
W
r
o
n
g
v
al
u
es
f
o
r
t
h
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
,
eith
er
to
o
h
ig
h
o
r
to
o
lo
w
,
ca
n
lead
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
d
eg
r
ad
atio
n
as
th
e
r
es
u
lt
o
f
p
er
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
eit
h
e
r
ex
ce
s
s
iv
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
h
a
n
d
o
v
e
r
s
,
to
o
ea
r
ly
o
r
to
o
late
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
s
,
u
n
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
h
an
d
o
v
er
s
,
o
r
h
an
d
o
v
er
to
th
e
w
r
o
n
g
T
-
eNB
[
1
0
].
T
h
u
s
,
t
h
is
w
o
r
k
i
n
v
e
s
ti
g
ates
t
h
e
i
m
p
ac
t
o
f
th
e
f
o
u
r
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
p
ar
am
eter
s
i.e
.
h
y
s
ter
esis
,
th
r
es
h
o
ld
,
ti
m
e
to
tr
i
g
g
er
,
an
d
o
f
f
s
et
an
d
d
eter
m
i
n
e
t
h
eir
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
o
p
tim
a
l
v
al
u
es
u
n
d
er
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
L
T
E
h
an
d
o
v
e
r
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
i.e
.
A
2
A
4
-
R
S
R
Q
a
n
d
A
3
-
R
SR
P
,
to
o
p
tim
ize
th
e
L
T
E
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
T
h
e
r
est o
f
th
i
s
w
o
r
k
i
s
o
r
g
a
n
i
ze
d
as f
o
llo
w
s
.
Sec
tio
n
2
r
ev
ie
w
s
th
e
r
elate
d
w
o
r
k
s
.
Sect
io
n
3
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
a
lo
n
g
w
it
h
t
h
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
.
Sectio
n
4
an
al
y
ze
s
th
e
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
r
esu
lt
s
.
T
h
e
w
o
r
k
is
co
n
clu
d
ed
in
s
ec
tio
n
5
.
2.
RE
L
AT
E
D
WO
RK
S
P
r
o
v
id
in
g
m
o
b
ilit
y
a
n
d
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
t
h
e
u
s
er
s
as
th
e
y
m
o
v
e
b
et
w
ee
n
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
eNo
d
eB
s
,
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
aj
o
r
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
o
f
th
e
ce
ll
u
lar
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
in
cl
u
d
i
n
g
L
T
E
.
T
h
e
L
T
E
h
an
d
o
v
er
is
a
r
e
s
o
u
r
ce
co
n
s
u
m
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
w
h
ic
h
ca
n
h
i
g
h
l
y
d
eg
r
ad
e
th
e
o
v
er
all
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
o
f
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
i
f
it
d
o
es
n
o
t
p
er
f
o
r
m
p
r
ec
is
el
y
.
On
t
h
e
o
th
er
h
a
n
d
,
ex
i
s
te
n
c
e
o
f
a
v
ar
iet
y
o
f
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
in
v
o
lv
ed
in
t
h
e
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
i
n
clu
d
i
n
g
t
h
r
es
h
o
ld
,
h
y
s
ter
esi
s
,
o
f
f
s
et,
a
n
d
ti
m
e
to
tr
ig
g
er
,
h
as
ad
d
ed
m
o
r
e
co
m
p
lex
it
y
to
th
e
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e.
T
h
u
s
it
is
ess
e
n
tia
l
to
d
ef
in
e
an
a
n
al
y
tical
m
o
d
el
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
to
d
if
f
er
en
t
v
a
lu
e
s
o
f
d
if
f
er
en
t
h
an
d
o
v
er
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
to
d
eter
m
in
e
t
h
e
o
p
tim
a
l v
al
u
es t
h
at
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
l
y
en
h
a
n
ce
th
e
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e.
Du
e
to
s
i
g
n
if
ica
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
i
s
s
u
e,
th
er
e
ar
e
m
a
n
y
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
es
th
at
s
t
u
d
y
t
h
e
h
an
d
o
v
er
m
an
ag
e
m
e
n
t
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
o
n
l
y
a
f
e
w
o
f
t
h
e
m
tak
e
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
iz
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
h
an
d
o
v
er
p
ar
a
m
et
er
s
.
T
h
e
au
t
h
o
r
s
i
n
[1
1
]
u
s
e
NS3
a
n
d
co
n
s
id
er
th
e
ex
i
s
ti
n
g
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
f
o
r
L
T
E
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
A
2
A
4
-
R
S
R
Q
a
n
d
A
3
-
R
S
R
P
.
T
h
ey
u
tili
ze
t
h
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
aliti
es
o
f
b
o
th
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
an
al
y
s
i
s
o
f
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
i
n
clu
d
i
n
g
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t,
S
I
NR
,
a
n
d
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
h
an
d
o
v
er
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l
.
9
,
No
.
1
,
J
an
u
ar
y
201
8
:
212
–
2
2
0
214
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
ev
al
u
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
h
an
d
o
v
er
p
ar
a
m
e
ter
s
is
n
o
t
in
cl
u
d
ed
.
T
h
e
h
y
s
ter
esis
m
ar
g
i
n
i
n
co
n
s
id
er
ed
in
A
3
ev
en
t in
a
h
e
ter
o
g
en
eo
u
s
n
et
w
o
r
k
u
s
in
g
L
T
E
-
s
i
m
to
o
l [
9
]
.
T
h
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t,
r
ate
o
f
r
ad
io
lin
k
f
ail
u
r
e,
an
d
p
in
g
-
p
o
n
g
ef
f
ec
t
ar
e
an
al
y
ze
d
w
it
h
d
if
f
er
en
t
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
UE
s
w
it
h
o
u
t
r
eg
ar
d
to
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
e
s
s
o
f
t
h
e
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
T
h
e
o
p
tim
ized
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
p
ar
am
eter
s
u
n
d
er
t
h
e
d
o
w
n
li
n
k
L
T
E
ar
e
p
r
o
v
id
ed
in
[
12
]
u
s
in
g
a
n
e
w
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
alg
o
r
it
h
m
u
n
d
e
r
a
C
++
p
lat
f
o
r
m
.
Dif
f
er
en
t
a
m
o
u
n
ts
o
f
s
p
ee
d
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
f
o
r
m
o
b
il
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
UE
.
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
r
e
s
u
l
ts
,
t
h
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
n
es
s
o
f
th
e
t
i
m
e
to
tr
i
g
g
er
is
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
f
o
r
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
w
h
ile
th
e
co
m
m
o
n
h
an
d
o
v
er
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
ar
e
n
o
t
ev
alu
a
ted
.
I
n
[
13
]
a
co
m
m
er
cial
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
to
o
l
ca
lled
NE
MO
Han
d
y
,
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
liv
e
ca
p
tu
r
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
L
T
E
tr
af
f
ic
to
v
er
if
y
th
e
p
o
s
s
ib
le
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
a
m
o
n
g
SIN
R
,
R
SR
P
,
R
S
SI
a
n
d
R
SR
Q
as
w
e
ll
as
e
v
al
u
ati
n
g
t
h
e
ef
f
ec
ts
o
f
SNR
o
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
v
er
if
ica
tio
n
is
n
o
t
ap
p
l
ied
o
n
th
e
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
p
ar
am
e
ter
s
.
T
h
e
o
p
tim
izatio
n
o
f
ti
m
e
to
tr
ig
g
er
a
n
d
h
y
s
ter
esi
s
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
in
[
14
]
.
T
h
e
s
p
ee
d
o
f
u
s
er
is
f
i
x
ed
at
1
2
0
k
m
/
h
to
e
v
al
u
ate
t
h
e
A
3
e
v
e
n
t
w
h
ile
A
2
a
n
d
A
4
e
v
en
ts
ar
e
n
o
t
s
t
u
d
ied
.
T
h
e
X2
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
is
al
s
o
s
t
u
d
ied
i
n
[
15
]
u
s
in
g
Op
e
n
A
ir
I
n
ter
f
ac
e
L
T
E
em
u
latio
n
p
latf
o
r
m
.
T
h
e
i
m
p
ac
t
o
f
t
h
e
R
S
R
P
o
n
th
e
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
d
ec
i
s
io
n
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
i
s
i
n
v
est
ig
ated
w
h
i
le
t
h
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
o
v
er
p
ar
am
eter
s
ar
e
n
o
t
i
n
cl
u
d
ed
.
B
y
v
ar
y
in
g
u
s
er
v
elo
cit
y
,
t
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
in
[
16
]
in
v
est
ig
ate
th
e
i
m
p
ac
t
o
f
ti
m
e
to
tr
ig
g
er
o
n
th
e
A
3
ev
e
n
t.
T
h
e
h
an
d
o
v
er
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
ar
e
a
ls
o
in
v
e
s
ti
g
ated
in
[
1
7
,
1
8
]
alo
n
g
w
it
h
L
T
E
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
s
i
n
[
1
9
,
2
0
,
2
1
]
.
C
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
t
h
e
lac
k
o
f
i
n
v
es
tig
ati
n
g
th
e
i
m
p
ac
t
o
f
al
l
f
o
u
r
h
an
d
o
v
er
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
o
n
b
o
th
h
an
d
o
v
er
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
i
n
th
e
r
elate
d
w
o
r
k
s
,
th
is
w
o
r
k
p
r
o
v
id
es
s
ev
er
al
s
i
m
u
lated
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
b
ased
o
n
th
e
f
o
u
r
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
p
ar
am
eter
s
i.e
.
t
h
r
esh
o
ld
,
h
y
s
ter
esis
,
o
f
f
s
et,
a
n
d
ti
m
e
to
tr
ig
g
er
w
it
h
b
o
th
A
2
A
4
-
R
S
R
Q
a
n
d
A
3
-
R
S
R
P
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
.
T
h
e
m
ai
n
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
t
h
is
w
o
r
k
is
to
p
r
ec
is
el
y
ev
al
u
ate
a
v
ar
iet
y
o
f
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
v
al
u
es
f
o
r
th
e
h
an
d
o
v
er
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
f
o
r
t
w
o
ex
is
ti
n
g
h
an
d
o
v
er
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
.
T
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
is
b
y
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
a
ca
r
ef
u
l
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
,
w
e
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
o
p
tim
al
v
al
u
es
o
f
t
h
e
f
o
u
r
h
an
d
o
v
er
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
th
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
etr
ics:
1
)
Min
i
m
izi
n
g
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
u
n
n
ec
ess
ar
y
h
an
d
o
v
er
s
2
)
Min
i
m
izi
n
g
i
m
p
ac
t o
f
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
o
n
s
er
v
ice
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
i
n
ter
m
o
f
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
3.
SI
M
UL
AT
I
O
N
SE
T
UP
As
m
e
n
tio
n
ed
,
th
e
m
ai
n
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
th
is
w
o
r
k
is
to
f
i
n
d
th
e
o
p
tim
al
v
alu
e
s
o
f
th
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h
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d
o
v
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p
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am
eter
s
to
en
h
a
n
ce
th
e
h
a
n
d
o
v
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p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
in
ea
r
l
y
s
ta
g
es
b
e
f
o
r
e
it
a
ctu
a
ll
y
h
ap
p
en
s
.
I
n
th
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s
s
ec
tio
n
,
w
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p
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t th
e
n
et
w
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k
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n
v
ir
o
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m
en
t th
a
t
w
e
d
ev
elo
p
alo
n
g
w
i
t
h
th
e
f
i
v
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
s
ce
n
a
r
io
s
.
3
.
1
.
Si
m
ula
t
io
n
E
nv
iro
n
m
en
t
T
h
e
NS3
s
i
m
u
latio
n
to
o
l
is
u
s
ed
to
d
ev
elo
p
th
e
L
T
E
n
et
w
o
r
k
w
it
h
f
o
u
r
eNo
d
eB
s
an
d
o
n
e
SGW
/P
GW
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
a
r
e
m
o
te
s
er
v
er
,
o
u
ts
id
e
o
f
th
e
L
T
E
n
et
w
o
r
k
,
i
s
ass
i
g
n
ed
as
th
e
e
n
d
u
s
er
to
co
m
m
u
n
icate
w
i
th
th
e
UE
in
th
e
L
T
E
n
et
w
o
r
k
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
SG
W
/P
GW
.
T
h
e
UE
is
o
n
t
h
e
c
ar
w
h
ic
h
is
m
o
v
in
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ar
o
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n
d
th
e
n
et
w
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w
h
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h
a
n
d
in
g
o
v
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f
r
o
m
o
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e
eNo
d
e
B
to
an
o
th
er
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Si
m
u
latio
n
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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-
4752
I
mp
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ter
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d
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a
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Op
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(
Min
a
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215
T
h
e
lo
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tio
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th
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co
m
p
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n
t
s
ex
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p
o
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e
as f
o
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w
:
1.
eNo
d
eB
1
is
in
(
2
0
0
,
3
0
0
)
Km
as th
e
X
-
Ax
is
a
n
d
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-
Ax
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s
r
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2.
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as th
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4.
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4
is
in
(
1
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m
as t
h
e
X
-
A
x
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d
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5.
SGW
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is
in
(
1
4
0
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8
0
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)
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m
as t
h
e
X
-
Ax
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n
d
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3
.
2
.
Si
m
ula
t
io
n
S
ce
na
rio
s
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
p
r
ec
is
ely
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
i
m
p
ac
t
o
f
th
e
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
p
ar
am
eter
s
,
f
i
v
e
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
ea
ch
w
it
h
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
d
esig
n
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
s
an
d
ch
a
r
ac
ter
is
tics
.
A
)
Scen
ar
io
o
n
e:
th
e
h
an
d
o
v
e
r
p
ar
am
eter
th
at
is
s
t
u
d
ied
in
th
is
s
ce
n
ar
io
is
th
r
es
h
o
ld
in
r
eg
ar
d
to
th
e
A
2
A
4
-
R
S
R
Q
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
alg
o
r
i
th
m
.
T
h
e
UE
w
it
h
co
n
s
ta
n
t
s
p
ee
d
o
f
1
2
0
K
m
/
h
tr
av
el
s
w
h
il
e
it
is
h
a
n
d
ed
o
v
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b
et
w
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n
th
e
eNo
d
eB
s
w
h
e
n
n
ee
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ed
.
T
h
e
s
ce
n
ar
io
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u
n
s
i
x
ti
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h
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e
w
ith
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d
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s
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h
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o
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f
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et
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t
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n
s
tan
t
in
t
h
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s
ce
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ar
io
,
th
e
th
r
e
s
h
o
ld
v
al
u
es
ar
e
v
ar
ied
as
8
,
1
0
,
2
0
,
3
0
,
3
1
,
an
d
3
2
d
B
m
.
T
h
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
a
n
d
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
e
q
u
ir
ed
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
h
a
n
d
o
v
er
s
ar
e
o
b
tain
ed
as
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
etr
ics to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
o
p
ti
m
al
v
al
u
e
o
f
t
h
e
t
h
r
es
h
o
ld
p
ar
am
eter
.
B
)
Scen
ar
io
t
w
o
:
u
n
li
k
e
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
ce
n
ar
io
,
th
i
s
ti
m
e
th
e
th
r
e
s
h
o
ld
is
k
ep
t
co
n
s
tan
t
w
h
ile
t
h
e
n
ei
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h
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h
r
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t
w
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1
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4.
SI
M
UL
AT
I
O
N
R
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S
UL
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p
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p
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en
t
in
g
th
e
d
esi
g
n
ed
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
.
4
.
1
.
Scena
rio
1
:
I
m
pa
ct
o
f
Serv
ing
Ce
ll
T
hres
ho
ld
Fo
r
a
co
n
s
ta
n
t a
m
o
u
n
t o
f
n
ei
g
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b
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f
f
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w
e
e
x
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m
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n
e
d
if
f
er
en
t a
m
o
u
n
t
s
f
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r
th
r
es
h
o
ld
p
ar
am
ete
r
to
ev
alu
ate
t
h
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
in
f
l
u
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n
ce
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o
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d
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w
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li
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k
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p
u
t
an
d
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
h
an
d
o
v
e
r
s
in
A
2
A
4
-
R
SR
Q
alg
o
r
ith
m
.
T
h
e
s
ce
n
ar
io
v
ar
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s
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t
h
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p
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it
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.
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4
.
2
.
Scena
rio
2
:
I
m
pa
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f
Neig
hb
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Cell
O
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f
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2
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4
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Q
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3
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I
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4
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Scena
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4
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m
pa
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f
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t
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ased
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I
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L
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5
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Scena
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5
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m
pa
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o
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t
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O
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u
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d
o
v
er
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
.
T
h
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o
p
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m
al
v
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u
es
f
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h
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o
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tain
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o
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m
al
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s
w
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e
ap
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o
v
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th
e
t
w
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h
a
n
d
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alg
o
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ith
m
s
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r
t
h
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m
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co
m
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t
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p
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m
a
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ce
u
n
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o
p
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co
n
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s
.
Ou
r
r
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lt
s
p
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ed
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at
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0
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100
150
200
250
300
80
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81
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81
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Th
ro
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ps)
Time
to
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A3RSRP
Th
roug
hp
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.
Time
t
o Trigg
er
20
40
60
80
100
120
80
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80
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80
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80
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Th
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Spee
d (
Km/h)
A3RSRP
A2A4RSRQ
Th
roug
hp
ut vs
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Spe
ed
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
I
mp
a
ct
o
f I
n
ter
-
eNo
d
eB
Ha
n
d
o
ve
r
P
a
r
a
mete
r
s
o
n
P
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
Op
ti
miz
a
tio
n
o
f..
.
(
Min
a
Ma
lekza
d
eh
)
219
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
L
.
Zh
a
n
g
,
T
.
Ok
a
m
a
wa
ri,
a
n
d
T
.
F
u
ji
i,
P
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
Eva
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
T
CP
a
n
d
UD
P
d
u
ri
n
g
L
T
E
H
a
n
d
o
v
e
r,
IEE
E
W
irele
ss
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s an
d
Ne
tw
o
rk
in
g
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
:
M
o
b
il
e
a
n
d
W
irele
ss
Ne
t
w
o
rk
s,
p
p
.
1
9
9
3
-
1
9
9
7
,
2
0
1
2
.
[2
]
N.
S
h
o
jae
d
i
n
,
M
.
G
h
a
d
e
ri
,
a
n
d
A
.
S
ri
d
h
a
ra
n
,
E
ff
e
c
t
o
f
Ha
n
d
o
v
e
r
o
n
th
e
Per
f
o
rm
a
n
c
e
o
f
S
c
h
e
d
u
li
n
g
Al
g
o
rit
h
ms
i
n
L
T
E
Ne
two
rk
s,
IE
EE
W
irele
ss
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s an
d
Ne
tw
o
rk
in
g
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
(W
CNC)
,
p
p
.
1
3
8
6
-
1
3
9
1
,
2
0
1
5
.
[3
]
R.
T
a
o
,
L
.
L
i,
X
.
Ch
u
,
a
n
d
J.
Z
h
a
n
g
,
Ha
n
d
o
v
e
r
M
e
c
h
a
n
ism
a
n
d
Per
fo
rm
a
n
c
e
Eva
l
u
a
t
io
n
fo
r
L
T
E
-
L
AA
sy
ste
ms
,
IEE
E
1
7
t
h
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
W
o
rk
sh
o
p
o
n
S
ig
n
a
l
P
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
s
in
W
irele
ss
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s (S
P
AW
C),
p
p
.
1
-
5
,
2
0
1
6
.
[4
]
Z.
G
u
o
h
u
a
,
P
.
L
e
g
g
,
a
n
d
G
.
Hu
i,
A
Ne
two
rk
C
o
n
tr
o
ll
e
d
Ha
n
d
o
v
e
r
M
e
c
h
a
n
ism
a
n
d
it
s
O
p
ti
mi
za
ti
o
n
i
n
L
T
E
He
ter
o
g
e
n
e
o
u
s
Ne
two
rk
s,
IEE
E
W
irele
ss
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
Ne
tw
o
rk
in
g
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
(
W
CNC),
p
p
.
1
9
1
5
-
1
9
1
9
,
2
0
1
3
.
[5
]
L
.
L
u
a
n
,
M
.
W
u
,
Y.
Ch
e
n
,
X.
He
,
a
n
d
C
Zh
a
n
g
,
Ha
n
d
o
v
e
r
p
a
ra
me
ter
o
p
ti
miza
ti
o
n
o
f
L
T
E
sy
ste
m
in
v
a
ria
ti
o
n
a
l
v
e
lo
c
it
y
e
n
v
iro
n
me
n
t
,
IET
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
(ICCT
A
),
p
p
.
1
-
5
,
2
0
1
1
.
[6
]
3
G
P
P
,
"
Ev
o
lv
e
d
Un
iv
e
rsa
l
T
e
rre
strial
Ra
d
io
A
c
c
e
ss
(E
-
U
T
R
A
);
P
h
y
sic
a
l
la
y
e
r;
M
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
ts,
"
in
T
S
3
6
.
2
1
4
,
e
d
.
F
ra
n
c
e
:
S
o
p
h
ia A
n
ti
p
o
li
s,
2
0
1
2
.
[7
]
D.
V
.
Zav
y
a
lo
v
a
,
M
.
L
.
Ro
li
c
h
,
A
.
V
.
A
n
d
re
e
v
,
De
fi
n
it
io
n
t
h
e
o
p
ti
ma
l
p
a
ra
me
ter
s
o
f
h
a
n
d
o
v
e
r
p
ro
c
e
d
u
re
s
in
L
T
E
n
e
two
rk
s,
IEE
E
1
7
t
h
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
f
Yo
u
n
g
S
p
e
c
ia
li
sts
o
n
M
icro
/Na
n
o
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
a
n
d
El
e
c
tro
n
De
v
ice
s (E
DM),
p
p
.
1
1
0
-
1
1
3
,
2
0
1
6
.
[8
]
T
.
Ko
m
in
e
,
T
.
Y
a
m
a
m
o
to
,
a
n
d
S
.
Ko
n
ish
i,
A
Pr
o
p
o
sa
l
o
f
Ce
ll
S
e
lec
ti
o
n
Al
g
o
rit
h
m f
o
r L
T
E
H
a
n
d
o
v
e
r Op
ti
miza
ti
o
n
,
IEE
E
S
y
m
p
o
siu
m
o
n
Co
m
p
u
ters
a
n
d
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s (IS
CC),
p
p
.
3
7
-
4
2
,
2
0
1
2
.
[9
]
R.
P
ra
sa
d
Ra
y
a
n
d
L
.
T
a
n
g
,
H
y
ste
re
sis
M
a
rg
in
a
n
d
L
o
a
d
Ba
lan
c
in
g
f
o
r
Ha
n
d
o
v
e
r
in
He
tero
g
e
n
e
o
u
s
Ne
tw
o
rk
,
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
F
u
t
u
re
Co
mp
u
ter
a
n
d
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
,
Vo
l.
4
,
N
o
.
4
,
2
0
1
5
.
[1
0
]
H.
D.
Ba
e
,
B.
Ry
u
,
a
n
d
N
.
P
a
rk
,
An
a
lys
is
o
f
Ha
n
d
o
v
e
r
Fa
il
u
re
s
in
L
T
E
Fem
to
c
e
ll
S
y
ste
ms
,
A
u
stra
las
ian
T
e
le
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
Ne
tw
o
rk
s an
d
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
(
AT
N
A
C)
,
p
p
.
1
-
5
,
2
0
1
1
.
[1
1
]
N.
Ka
tt
i,
S
.
S
h
iv
a
p
u
r
,
a
n
d
M
.
V
i
j
a
y
a
la
k
sh
m
i,
Op
ti
m
iza
ti
o
n
o
f
Qo
S
in
4
G
Ne
tw
o
rk
s
Us
in
g
H
a
n
d
o
v
e
r
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Eme
rg
i
n
g
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
i
n
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
&
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
(
I
J
ET
CS
E
),
V
o
l
.
1
4
,
N
o
.
2
,
2
0
1
5
.
[1
2
]
C.
C.
L
in
,
K.
S
a
n
d
ra
se
g
a
ra
n
,
H.
A
.
M
.
Ra
m
li
,
a
n
d
R.
Ba
su
k
a
la,
o
p
ti
m
ize
d
p
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
L
T
E
h
a
rd
h
a
n
d
o
v
e
r
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
w
it
h
a
v
e
ra
g
e
RS
R
P
c
o
n
stra
in
t
,
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
W
ire
les
s
&
M
o
b
il
e
Ne
t
wo
rk
s
(
IJ
W
M
N)
V
o
l
.
3
,
No
.
2
,
2
0
1
1
.
[1
3
]
F
.
Af
ro
z
,
R.
S
u
b
ra
m
a
n
ian
,
R.
He
id
a
r
y
,
K
.
S
a
n
d
ra
se
g
a
ra
n
a
n
d
S
.
A
h
m
e
d
,
S
INR,
RS
RP
,
RS
S
I
A
ND
RS
RQ
m
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
ts
in
l
o
n
g
term
e
v
o
lu
ti
o
n
n
e
tw
o
rk
s,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
W
ire
les
s
&
M
o
b
il
e
Ne
two
rk
s
(
IJ
W
M
N),
V
o
l
.
7
,
No
.
4
,
2
0
1
5
.
[1
4
]
Y.
Zh
a
n
g
,
M
.
W
u
,
S
.
G
e
,
L
.
L
u
a
n
,
a
n
d
A
.
Zh
a
n
g
,
Op
ti
miza
t
io
n
o
f
ti
me
-
to
-
tri
g
g
e
r
p
a
ra
me
ter
o
n
h
a
n
d
o
v
e
r
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
in
L
T
E
h
ig
h
-
sp
e
e
d
ra
il
wa
y
n
e
two
rk
s,
1
5
th
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
y
m
p
o
siu
m
o
n
W
irele
ss
P
e
rso
n
a
l
M
u
lt
im
e
d
ia
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s (W
P
M
C),
p
p
.
2
5
1
-
2
5
5
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
5
]
K.
A
le
x
a
n
d
ris,
N.
Nik
a
e
in
,
R.
K
n
o
p
p
,
a
n
d
C.
B
o
n
n
e
t,
A
n
a
lyz
in
g
X2
Ha
n
d
o
v
e
r
in
L
T
E
/L
T
E
-
A,
1
4
t
h
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
y
m
p
o
siu
m
o
n
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
a
n
d
Op
t
im
iz
a
ti
o
n
i
n
M
o
b
il
e
,
A
d
Ho
c
,
a
n
d
W
irele
ss
Ne
t
w
o
rk
s (W
iOp
t),
p
p
.
1
-
7
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
6
]
A
.
S
.
P
riy
a
d
h
a
rsh
in
i
a
n
d
P
.
T
.
V
.
Bh
u
v
a
n
e
sw
a
ri,
A
S
tu
d
y
o
n
Ha
n
d
o
v
e
r
Pa
ra
me
ter
Op
ti
miza
ti
o
n
i
n
L
T
E
-
A
Ne
two
rk
s
,
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
M
icro
e
lec
tro
n
ics
,
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
a
n
d
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
(M
icro
Co
m
),
p
p
.
1
-
5
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