In
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f
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rica
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Science
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l.
10
,
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2
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May
201
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p
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ates.
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ter
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b
e
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a
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w
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th
th
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t
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ter
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e
to
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led
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y
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ase
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s
i
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ad
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c
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ai
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eq
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w
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esp
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s
e
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m
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h
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
ti
o
n
.
C
r
o
s
s
la
y
er
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
wh
ich
o
p
ti
m
ize
t
h
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
al
lo
ca
tio
n
o
v
er
L
T
E
s
y
s
te
m
s
ar
e
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
in
[
5
]
an
d
[
6
]
.
T
h
ey
u
s
e
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
at
i
o
n
f
r
o
m
ap
p
licatio
n
,
M
AC
a
n
d
p
h
y
s
ica
l
la
y
er
s
to
o
p
tim
ize
th
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
.
A
f
r
a
m
e
b
ased
w
ei
g
h
ted
f
air
q
u
eu
i
n
g
alg
o
r
it
h
m
w
h
ic
h
tr
ies
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
s
p
ec
tr
al
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
i
n
OFDM
A
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
i
s
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
in
[
7
]
.
A
r
eso
u
r
ce
al
lo
ca
tio
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
t
h
at
tr
ie
s
to
b
o
th
o
p
ti
m
ize
t
h
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
an
d
ac
h
iev
e
f
air
n
e
s
s
is
d
i
s
cu
s
s
ed
i
n
[
8
]
.
I
t
tr
ies
to
s
er
v
ice
th
e
n
o
d
es
w
it
h
g
o
o
d
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
as
w
e
ll
as
t
h
e
n
o
d
es
w
it
h
p
o
o
r
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
b
y
p
r
io
r
itizin
g
b
o
th
th
e
c
h
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
f
air
n
e
s
s
.
An
al
g
o
r
ith
m
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
u
tili
t
y
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
f
air
n
e
s
s
w
h
ic
h
p
r
ev
en
ts
f
l
u
ct
u
atio
n
s
i
n
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
u
n
d
er
b
o
th
h
ig
h
a
n
d
lo
w
tr
af
f
ic
co
n
d
itio
n
s
is
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
in
[
9
]
.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
d
o
m
ai
n
p
ac
k
e
t
s
ch
ed
u
lin
g
a
n
d
th
e
i
m
p
ac
t o
f
t
h
e
in
ter
ce
ll i
n
ter
f
er
en
ce
is
d
i
s
cu
s
s
ed
in
[
1
0
]
.
R
ad
io
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
in
au
to
n
o
m
o
u
s
d
e
v
ices
u
s
in
g
L
T
E
f
o
r
m
ac
h
i
n
e
to
m
ac
h
in
e
co
m
m
u
n
i
ca
tio
n
s
i
s
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
in
[
1
1
]
.
Her
e
atte
m
p
ts
ar
e
m
ad
e
to
s
h
ar
e
t
h
e
r
ad
io
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
e
f
f
icie
n
tl
y
to
r
ed
u
ce
in
ter
-
ch
a
n
n
el
i
n
ter
f
er
e
n
ce
an
d
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
e
f
f
i
cien
c
y
.
A
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
u
s
er
s
w
it
h
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t Q
o
S c
o
n
s
tr
ain
t
s
b
ased
u
p
o
n
q
u
eu
i
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
i
s
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
in
[
1
2
]
.
I
t p
r
o
p
o
s
e
s
a
G/M/1
q
u
eu
i
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
to
m
o
d
el
t
h
e
u
s
er
s
with
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
Qo
S
co
n
s
tr
ain
t
s
in
to
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
q
u
e
u
es.
An
in
t
er
ce
ll
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
av
o
id
an
ce
s
c
h
e
m
e
u
s
i
n
g
ac
ti
v
e
co
o
r
d
in
atio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
ce
ll
s
is
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
in
[
1
3
]
.
A
m
u
lti
u
s
er
s
c
h
ed
u
lin
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
t
h
at
tr
ies
to
m
a
x
i
m
i
ze
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
w
h
ile
m
ain
tain
i
n
g
f
air
n
es
s
is
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
in
[
1
4
]
.
I
t u
s
es s
u
m
u
tili
t
y
m
ax
i
m
izatio
n
alo
n
g
w
i
th
f
air
n
ess
le
v
els to
s
ati
s
f
y
t
h
e
n
o
d
es
w
it
h
p
o
o
r
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
A
Qo
S
a
w
ar
e
p
ac
k
et
s
c
h
ed
u
l
in
g
al
g
o
r
ith
m
th
at
b
o
th
tr
ies
to
s
atis
f
y
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
as
w
ell
as
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
f
air
n
ess
to
n
o
d
es
w
it
h
p
o
o
r
ch
a
n
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
is
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
in
[
1
5
]
.
A
m
u
lt
i
-
le
v
el
q
u
e
u
e
b
ased
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
in
d
o
w
n
li
n
k
o
f
O
FDM
A
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
is
d
i
s
cu
s
s
ed
i
n
[
1
6
]
.
Var
io
u
s
OF
DM
A
s
ch
ed
u
lin
g
al
g
o
r
it
h
m
s
ar
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
in
[
1
6
]
,
[
1
7
]
an
d
[
1
8
]
.
L
T
E
s
ch
ed
u
lin
g
al
g
o
r
it
h
m
s
ar
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
i
n
[
1
9
]
,
[
2
0
]
an
d
[
2
1
]
.
I
n
[
2
2
]
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
th
e
p
r
iv
ac
y
-
p
r
eser
v
i
n
g
m
e
t
h
o
d
s
w
as
v
u
l
n
er
ab
le
to
S
y
b
il
attac
k
s
,
w
h
er
eb
y
a
m
alicio
u
s
u
s
er
ca
n
ac
t
as
t
o
b
e
m
u
l
tip
l
e
(
o
th
er
)
v
eh
icl
es.
I
t
en
s
u
r
ed
th
e
a
u
t
h
en
t
ici
t
y
o
f
t
h
e
m
es
s
a
g
es
p
r
o
p
ag
ated
in
V
A
NE
T
;
a
s
t
r
aig
h
t
-
f
o
r
w
ar
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
u
ti
lized
p
u
b
lic
k
e
y
s
a
u
t
h
o
r
ized
b
y
a
ce
r
tific
atio
n
au
th
o
r
it
y
(
C
A
)
to
s
i
g
n
th
e
m
e
s
s
a
g
es.
Fad
li
Sira
it
[2
3
]
d
ev
el
o
p
ed
an
E
th
er
n
et
o
v
er
SDH
(
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
d
i
g
ita
l
h
ier
ar
ch
y
)
a
n
d
MP
L
S
-
TP
(
Mu
ltip
r
o
to
co
l
L
ab
el
S
w
itc
h
i
n
g
-
T
r
an
s
p
o
r
t
Pro
f
ile
)
w
it
h
r
in
g
s
ec
u
r
i
t
y
to
p
r
ed
ictab
le
n
et
w
o
r
k
f
ail
u
r
e
an
d
co
m
p
u
ted
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
Am
an
et
al
[
2
4
]
in
teg
r
ate
d
co
n
tex
t
tr
an
s
p
o
r
t
an
d
m
u
lticas
t
q
u
ic
k
r
er
o
u
te,
a
n
d
d
ev
elo
p
ed
th
i
s
in
teg
r
atio
n
to
t
h
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
n
et
w
o
r
k
m
o
b
ilit
y
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t.
Ha
s
h
i
m
et
al.
[
2
5
]
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
q
u
an
t
itati
v
e
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
a
n
d
it
co
m
p
u
ted
P
r
o
x
y
Mo
b
ile
I
n
ter
n
et
P
r
o
to
c
o
l V
er
s
io
n
6
(
P
M
I
P
v
6
)
m
u
lticas
t sp
ee
d
y
r
er
o
u
te
o
p
er
atio
n
s
f
o
r
d
ata
tr
af
f
ic.
I
n
t
h
is
p
ap
er
,
a
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
c
atio
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
is
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
te
d
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
tati
s
tical
in
f
o
r
m
a
t
io
n
f
o
r
th
e
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
to
p
r
ed
ict
th
e
ch
a
n
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
b
ase
d
u
p
o
n
th
e
ch
a
n
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Sectio
n
2
l
is
t
s
t
h
e
v
ar
io
u
s
r
eso
u
r
ce
all
o
ca
tio
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
alr
ea
d
y
d
o
n
e
in
th
e
f
ield
.
Sectio
n
3
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
in
d
etail.
Sectio
n
4
p
r
o
v
id
es
d
etails
ab
o
u
t
th
e
r
esu
lt
s
co
llected
an
d
th
e
alg
o
r
it
h
m
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
Se
ctio
n
5
p
r
o
v
id
es th
e
f
u
t
u
r
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
s
w
h
ich
ca
n
b
e
m
ad
e
in
th
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
A
L
T
E
n
et
w
o
r
k
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
E
v
o
lv
ed
UM
T
S
T
er
r
estrial
R
an
d
o
m
A
cc
es
s
Net
w
o
r
k
(
E
-
UT
R
A
N)
,
E
v
o
lv
ed
P
ac
k
et
C
o
r
e
(
E
P
C
)
,
s
ev
er
al
User
E
q
u
ip
m
en
t (
UE
)
a
n
d
P
ac
k
et
Data
Net
w
o
r
k
(
P
DN)
Gate
w
a
y
.
A
n
E
-
UT
R
A
N
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
o
n
e
o
r
m
o
r
e
b
ase
s
tatio
n
s
ca
lled
ev
o
l
v
ed
No
d
eB
o
r
eNo
d
e
B
an
d
u
s
e
r
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
ts
(
UE
)
.
T
h
e
eNo
d
e
B
co
m
m
u
n
icate
s
to
UE
s
u
s
i
n
g
OFDM
A
f
o
r
d
o
w
n
lin
k
an
d
S
C
-
FDM
A
f
o
r
u
p
lin
k
.
E
P
C
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
Mo
b
ilit
y
M
an
ag
e
m
e
n
t
E
n
ti
t
y
(
MM
E
)
,
Ser
v
in
g
Gate
w
a
y
(
S
-
GW
)
,
P
a
ck
et
Data
Net
w
o
r
k
Gate
w
a
y
(
P
DN
-
GW
)
,
Ho
m
e
S
u
b
s
cr
ib
er
Ser
v
er
(
H
SS
)
,
P
o
li
cy
C
o
n
tr
o
l
an
d
C
h
ar
g
in
g
R
u
le
s
F
u
n
ct
io
n
(
P
C
R
F).
P
GN
Gate
w
a
y
co
m
m
u
n
icate
s
w
it
h
t
h
e
o
u
t
s
id
e
wo
r
ld
in
clu
d
in
g
I
P
v
4
/I
P
v
6
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
.
T
h
e
Ser
v
i
n
g
g
ate
w
a
y
ac
ts
as
a
r
o
u
ter
f
o
r
w
ar
d
in
g
d
ata
b
et
w
ee
n
b
ase
s
tatio
n
s
a
n
d
t
h
e
P
DN
g
a
te
w
a
y
.
Ho
m
e
S
u
b
s
cr
ib
er
Ser
v
er
h
as t
h
e
d
ata
b
ase
co
n
tai
n
in
g
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ab
o
u
t t
h
e
all
th
e
s
u
b
s
cr
ib
er
s
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
Mo
b
ilit
y
Ma
n
a
g
e
m
en
t
E
n
tit
y
co
n
tr
o
ls
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
th
e
User
E
q
u
ip
m
e
n
t
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
HSS
an
d
v
ar
io
u
s
co
n
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o
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T
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C
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o
l
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R
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Fu
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p
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g
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ased
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Fu
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
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lec
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n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
2
,
Ma
y
2
0
1
8
:
6
8
0
–
6
8
6
682
(
P
C
E
F).
L
et
u
s
as
s
u
m
e
a
L
T
E
n
et
w
o
r
k
w
i
th
a
b
ase
s
tatio
n
a
n
d
N
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
n
o
d
es.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
n
o
d
es
w
ill
v
ar
y
d
ep
en
d
i
n
g
d
y
n
a
m
icall
y
a
s
th
e
u
s
er
s
co
m
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in
an
d
g
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o
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
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k
r
an
d
o
m
l
y
.
At
an
y
p
o
in
t
o
f
ti
m
e,
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
n
o
d
es
w
il
l
h
a
v
e
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
c
h
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
a
n
d
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
.
T
h
e
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
o
f
a
n
o
d
e
ca
n
v
ar
y
o
v
er
ti
m
e
d
u
e
to
th
e
m
o
b
ilit
y
o
f
n
o
d
es,
in
ter
f
er
e
n
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
n
o
d
es a
n
d
in
ter
ce
ll in
ter
f
er
en
ce
.
T
h
e
n
o
d
es
ca
n
b
e
s
p
lit
i
n
to
s
ep
ar
ate
s
et
o
f
g
r
o
u
p
s
b
ased
u
p
o
n
th
e
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t
s
a
n
d
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
A
ll
th
e
n
o
d
es
w
i
th
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
ca
n
b
e
k
ep
t
in
o
n
e
o
r
m
o
r
e
g
r
o
u
p
s
d
ep
en
d
i
n
g
o
n
t
h
e
v
ar
iatio
n
s
in
c
h
a
n
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
a
n
d
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
.
T
h
e
n
o
d
es
w
ith
o
u
t
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
ca
n
b
e
k
ep
t
in
o
n
e
o
r
m
o
r
e
g
r
o
u
p
s
d
ep
en
d
in
g
o
n
t
h
e
ch
a
n
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Su
c
h
p
ar
titi
o
n
i
n
g
ca
n
b
r
ea
k
t
h
e
lar
g
er
r
eso
u
r
c
e
allo
ca
tio
n
p
r
o
b
le
m
i
n
to
a
s
et
o
f
s
m
al
ler
al
lo
ca
tio
n
p
r
o
b
le
m
w
h
ic
h
h
elp
s
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
alg
o
r
it
h
m
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
B
lo
ck
Diag
r
a
m
o
f
L
T
E
ce
ll
Sin
ce
ca
lc
u
lati
n
g
th
e
s
tati
s
tica
l
p
ar
am
eter
s
f
o
r
ea
ch
al
lo
ca
ti
o
n
o
f
r
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ce
s
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n
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e
ted
io
u
s
an
d
ti
m
e
co
n
s
u
m
i
n
g
,
a
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u
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allo
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n
v
ec
to
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ca
n
b
e
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ted
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er
io
d
ically
w
h
ic
h
ca
n
b
e
u
s
e
d
to
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en
er
ate
t
h
e
r
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r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
f
o
r
n
ex
t
I
iter
atio
n
s
.
Do
in
g
s
o
r
ed
u
ce
s
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
t
s
f
o
r
ca
lcu
lat
io
n
s
f
o
r
ea
ch
iter
atio
n
o
f
al
g
o
r
ith
m
a
s
w
el
l
as
r
eo
r
d
er
in
g
o
f
q
u
eu
e
s
ea
c
h
t
i
m
e
r
ed
u
cin
g
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
co
n
s
id
er
ab
l
y
.
W
h
ile
th
er
e
is
a
d
r
a
w
b
ac
k
in
th
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
th
at
it
w
ill
p
r
ev
en
t
i
n
s
tan
ta
n
eo
u
s
r
esp
o
n
s
e
s
to
th
e
ch
a
n
g
e
s
i
n
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
s
u
ch
p
r
ev
en
tio
n
co
u
ld
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
i
f
s
u
c
h
ch
a
n
g
es
ar
e
o
n
l
y
m
o
m
en
tar
y
a
n
d
th
e
n
o
d
es
m
a
y
g
et
b
ac
k
a
g
ai
n
to
s
a
m
e
co
n
d
itio
n
.
T
h
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
ca
lc
u
late
s
th
e
s
tatis
tica
l
m
ea
n
,
v
ar
ia
n
ce
an
d
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
ev
iatio
n
f
o
r
th
e
n
o
d
es
p
er
io
d
ically
a
n
d
u
s
e
s
t
h
e
m
t
o
p
r
ed
ict
th
e
f
u
tu
r
e
ch
a
n
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
g
e
n
er
ates
th
e
allo
ca
tio
n
v
ec
to
r
s
a
cc
o
r
d
in
g
l
y
.
I
f
th
e
p
er
io
d
f
o
r
ea
ch
iter
atio
n
o
f
al
g
o
r
ith
m
i
s
T
,
n
o
d
es
m
a
y
h
av
e
m
o
r
e
tr
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
itie
s
d
ep
en
d
i
n
g
u
p
o
n
t
h
eir
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
an
d
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
No
d
es
w
it
h
g
o
o
d
ch
a
n
n
e
l
co
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
w
ill
h
av
e
m
o
r
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ities
co
m
p
ar
in
g
t
o
th
e
n
o
d
es
w
it
h
o
u
t
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
a
n
d
p
o
o
r
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
I
f
n
o
d
es
h
a
v
e
p
o
o
r
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
it
i
o
n
s
b
u
t
h
av
e
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
,
e
f
f
o
r
t
is
m
ad
e
to
m
ak
e
s
u
r
e
t
h
e
y
h
a
v
e
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
,
e
f
f
o
r
t
is
m
ad
e
to
m
a
k
e
s
u
r
e
t
h
e
y
r
ec
eiv
e
en
o
u
g
h
tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
itie
s
to
ac
h
ie
v
e
as
m
u
ch
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
as
p
o
s
s
ib
le
with
o
u
t
af
f
ec
ti
n
g
t
h
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
o
f
o
th
er
n
o
d
es.
Fo
r
n
o
d
es
w
i
th
p
o
o
r
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
ef
f
o
r
t
is
m
ad
e
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
th
e
y
r
ec
eiv
e
at
least a
m
i
n
i
m
al
q
u
a
n
tit
y
o
f
t
r
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
p
p
o
r
t
u
n
itie
s
to
en
s
u
r
e
f
air
n
es
s
.
Fo
llo
w
i
n
g
is
t
h
e
alg
o
r
it
h
m
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
t
h
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
:
Step
1
.
I
n
itializatio
n
o
f
n
et
w
o
r
k
:
No
d
eL
is
t N
=
e
m
p
t
y
Ov
er
all
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t T
N
= 0
Ov
er
all
tr
an
s
m
itted
b
y
tes T
B
= 0
Step
2
.
I
n
itializatio
n
o
f
n
o
d
e(
s
)
:
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
N
QO
S
=
E
x
p
ec
ted
Qo
ST
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
A
ct
u
alT
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t N
T
= 0
Star
tT
im
e
N
ST
= 0
T
o
tal
T
r
an
s
m
itted
B
y
tes N
B
= 0
Me
an
N
M
= 0
Var
ian
ce
N
V
= 0
Stan
d
ar
d
Dev
iatio
n
N
SD
= 0
L
is
t o
f
n
o
d
es N+
=
C
u
r
r
en
t N
o
d
e
N
I
f
n
o
d
e
is
Qo
S a
w
ar
e,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
R
eso
u
r
ce
A
llo
ca
tio
n
in
d
o
w
n
lin
k
o
f LTE
u
s
in
g
B
a
n
d
w
id
th
p
r
ed
ictio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
…
(
S.
Ga
ya
t
h
r
i1
)
683
Mo
v
e
in
to
Qo
S a
w
ar
e
n
o
d
e
lis
t.
P
ar
titi
o
n
th
e
lis
t b
ased
u
p
o
n
th
e
ch
a
n
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
Qo
S r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
I
f
n
o
d
e
is
n
o
n
-
Qo
S a
w
ar
e,
Mo
v
e
in
to
n
o
n
-
Qo
S a
w
ar
e
n
o
d
e
lis
t a
n
d
p
ar
titi
o
n
th
e
l
is
t b
as
ed
u
p
o
n
th
e
ch
a
n
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
an
d
Qo
S r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
Step
3
.
C
alcu
latio
n
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
p
ar
am
eter
s
:
Du
r
in
g
ea
c
h
iter
atio
n
o
f
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
,
f
o
r
ea
ch
n
o
d
e
w
h
ic
h
h
a
s
tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
o
p
p
o
r
t
u
n
i
t
y
:
N
B
+=
T
r
an
s
m
itted
B
y
tes
Du
r
in
g
ea
c
h
iter
atio
n
o
f
al
g
o
r
i
th
m
,
f
o
r
ea
ch
n
o
d
e,
T
im
e
E
lap
s
ed
T
E
= N
L
-
N
S
Me
an
T
M
=
T
B
/T
E
Fo
r
ea
ch
n
o
d
e,
Var
ian
ce
N
V
=
N
T
-
T
M
Stan
d
ar
d
Dev
iatio
n
N
S
D
=
√N
V
2
/N
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
R
eso
u
r
ce
A
llo
ca
tio
n
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
Step
4
.
Gen
er
atio
n
o
f
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
v
ec
to
r
s
:
N
R
=
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
c
atio
n
s
N
m
in
=
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
s
Fo
r
ea
ch
n
o
d
e,
p
r
ed
icted
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
is
N
B
=
N
M
±N
SD
I
n
t
h
e
Qo
S a
w
ar
e
n
o
d
e
lis
t,
o
r
d
er
th
e
n
o
d
es b
ased
u
p
o
n
th
e
c
alcu
lated
N
B
an
d
p
ar
titi
o
n
t
h
e
lis
t
I
n
th
e
No
n
-
Qo
S a
w
ar
e
n
o
d
e
lis
t,
o
r
d
er
th
e
n
o
d
es b
ased
u
p
o
n
th
e
ca
lcu
la
ted
N
B
an
d
p
ar
titi
o
n
th
e
li
s
t.
L
et
N
ra
i
s
th
e
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
itie
s
av
ai
lab
le
f
o
r
g
e
n
er
atio
n
o
f
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
v
ec
t
o
r
.
L
et
T
m
in
b
e
th
e
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
th
a
t is
g
u
ar
a
n
teed
f
o
r
th
e
n
o
d
es
w
i
th
o
u
t Q
o
S r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
.
T
h
en
th
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
itie
s
f
o
r
th
e
n
o
n
-
Qo
S
n
o
d
es w
il
l b
e
at
lea
s
t T
m
in
/B
pre.
No
w
r
e
m
a
in
i
n
g
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
itie
s
is
N
ra
-
∑ T
m
in
/B
pre.
Fo
r
Qo
S a
w
ar
e
n
o
d
es,
ca
lcu
la
t
e
th
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
tr
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ities
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
ea
ch
n
o
d
e
to
s
atis
f
y
th
e
Qo
S r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
.
C
alcu
late
th
e
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
ce
b
et
w
e
en
r
eq
u
ir
ed
q
u
an
tit
y
o
f
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ities
a
n
d
th
e
av
ailab
le
q
u
an
tit
y
Dif
f
er
en
ce
D
=
T
XO
R
eq
u
ir
ed
-
T
XO
A
v
ailab
le
I
f
D
is
n
e
g
ati
v
e,
w
e
h
a
v
e
e
x
ce
s
s
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
itie
s
av
ailab
le.
T
h
is
ca
n
b
e
s
h
ar
ed
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
n
o
d
es p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
all
y
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
2
,
Ma
y
2
0
1
8
:
6
8
0
–
6
8
6
684
I
f
D
is
p
o
s
iti
v
e,
w
e
h
a
v
e
le
s
s
e
r
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
itie
s
av
ailab
le.
T
h
is
ca
n
b
e
s
h
ar
ed
b
et
w
ee
n
Qo
S a
w
ar
e
n
o
d
es p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
all
y
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S
A
ND
AN
AL
Y
SI
S
T
h
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
h
a
s
b
ee
n
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
u
s
i
n
g
NS3
s
i
m
u
lato
r
an
d
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
co
ll
ec
ted
.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
h
as
b
ee
n
a
n
al
y
z
ed
.
T
h
er
e
is
co
n
s
id
er
ab
le
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
in
ca
s
e
o
f
C
P
U
u
tili
za
tio
n
s
in
ce
th
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
v
ec
to
r
s
ar
e
n
o
t
ca
lcu
la
ted
ev
er
y
ti
m
e.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
tab
le
s
h
o
w
s
s
o
m
e
o
f
t
h
e
r
e
s
o
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
o
cc
u
r
r
en
ce
s
f
o
r
d
if
f
er
en
t n
o
d
es.
T
ab
le
1
.
R
eso
u
r
ce
A
llo
ca
tio
n
Valu
es
T
i
me
N
o
d
e
B
y
t
e
s a
l
l
o
c
a
t
e
d
0
.
3
8
5
15
2
1
9
6
0
.
3
8
6
25
2
1
9
6
0
.
3
8
7
36
2
1
9
6
0
.
3
8
8
37
2
1
9
6
0
.
3
8
9
41
2
1
9
6
0
.
3
9
0
42
2
1
9
6
0
.
3
9
1
43
2
1
9
6
0
.
3
9
2
2
2
1
9
6
0
.
3
9
3
1
2
1
9
6
0
.
3
9
4
11
2
1
9
6
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
g
r
ap
h
:
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Net
w
o
r
k
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
Fo
llo
w
i
n
g
ch
ar
t
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
t
h
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
o
v
er
ti
m
e.
Her
e,
th
e
n
o
d
es
w
i
th
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
a
n
d
g
o
o
d
ch
a
n
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
o
b
tain
b
etter
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
s
i
n
ce
t
h
e
al
lo
ca
tio
n
i
s
f
a
v
o
r
ab
le
f
o
r
t
h
e
m
.
No
d
es
w
it
h
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
t
s
b
u
t
p
o
o
r
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
g
et
r
elativ
el
y
les
s
er
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
s
in
ce
d
esp
ite
th
e
y
ar
e
allo
ca
ted
f
av
o
r
ab
ly
,
th
e
p
o
o
r
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
p
r
ev
en
t
th
e
m
f
r
o
m
ac
h
ie
v
i
n
g
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
al
b
an
d
w
id
th
.
I
n
ca
s
e
o
f
n
o
n
-
Qo
S
a
w
ar
e
n
o
d
es,
th
e
y
g
et
al
m
o
s
t
co
n
s
ta
n
t
m
i
n
i
m
al
b
an
d
w
id
th
p
r
o
v
id
ed
th
e
ch
an
n
el
q
u
ali
t
y
d
o
esn
’
t
c
h
an
g
e
o
v
er
ti
m
e.
Ot
h
er
w
is
e,
t
h
e
y
g
et
b
an
d
w
id
th
as
p
er
th
e
u
n
d
er
l
y
in
g
ch
a
n
n
e
l
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
A
l
s
o
,
p
lease
n
o
te
th
at
a
s
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
n
o
d
es
i
n
cr
ea
s
es
i
n
t
h
e
n
et
wo
r
k
,
th
e
allo
ca
tio
n
to
a
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
n
o
d
e
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
ac
co
r
d
in
g
l
y
to
m
ai
n
t
ain
t
h
e
b
a
lan
ce
in
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
v
ar
io
u
s
n
o
d
es.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
R
eso
u
r
ce
A
llo
ca
tio
n
in
d
o
w
n
lin
k
o
f LTE
u
s
in
g
B
a
n
d
w
id
th
p
r
ed
ictio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
…
(
S.
Ga
ya
t
h
r
i1
)
685
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
v
er
ti
m
e
Fo
llo
w
i
n
g
ch
ar
t
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
al
g
o
r
ith
m
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
to
th
at
o
f
R
o
u
n
d
R
o
b
in
o
r
P
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
Fair
s
ch
ed
u
li
n
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
As
s
ee
n
i
n
th
e
c
h
ar
t,
t
h
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
w
il
l
b
e
r
elativ
el
y
les
s
er
th
a
n
t
h
at
o
f
th
e
o
th
er
t
w
o
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
.
T
h
e
r
ea
s
o
n
is
t
h
at
s
o
m
e
o
f
th
e
n
o
d
es
f
o
r
w
h
ic
h
ch
a
n
n
e
l
co
n
d
itio
n
i
s
p
o
o
r
,
d
u
e
to
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
,
m
o
r
e
al
lo
ca
tio
n
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
itie
s
h
av
e
to
b
e
p
r
o
v
i
d
ed
w
h
ic
h
w
i
ll c
au
s
e
t
h
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t to
f
all
b
elo
w
t
h
at
o
f
o
th
er
t
w
o
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
.
T
h
is
i
s
ac
ce
p
ta
b
le
s
in
ce
a
tte
m
p
t
is
m
ad
e
t
o
s
atis
f
y
th
e
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
in
a
b
est
ef
f
o
r
t
b
asis
.
I
f
t
h
e
c
h
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
i
s
g
o
o
d
o
r
n
o
d
es
s
p
ec
i
f
y
in
g
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
h
av
e
g
o
o
d
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
,
th
e
alg
o
r
it
h
m
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
is
a
s
g
o
o
d
as th
at
o
f
o
t
h
er
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
.
I
t
h
as
to
b
e
n
o
ted
th
at
w
h
ile
th
e
p
r
ed
ictio
n
o
f
th
e
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
ch
a
n
n
e
l
co
n
d
itio
n
s
is
g
o
o
d
f
o
r
n
o
d
es
w
h
ic
h
d
o
es
n
’
t
h
av
e
m
o
m
e
n
ta
r
y
c
h
an
n
el
f
l
u
ct
u
atio
n
s
,
f
o
r
t
h
e
n
o
d
es
h
a
v
in
g
m
o
m
e
n
tar
y
c
h
an
n
el
f
lu
ct
u
atio
n
s
,
th
e
p
r
ed
ictio
n
s
u
f
f
er
s
b
r
ief
l
y
s
o
m
e
ti
m
es.
B
u
t
o
n
ce
th
e
n
o
d
e
s
tab
ilizes,
th
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
b
e
h
a
v
io
r
r
etu
r
n
s
b
ac
k
to
n
o
r
m
al.
Sin
ce
t
h
e
ca
lc
u
latio
n
o
f
a
llo
ca
tio
n
v
ec
to
r
s
is
d
o
n
e
n
o
t
e
v
er
y
ti
m
e
b
u
t
o
n
ce
i
n
N
i
ter
atio
n
s
o
n
l
y
,
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
alg
o
r
it
h
m
is
in
th
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
O(
1
)
i
n
g
e
n
er
al
a
n
d
O(
n
lo
g
n
)
f
o
r
t
h
e
p
ar
ticu
lar
iter
atio
n
.
Sin
ce
t
h
e
g
en
er
at
io
n
o
f
th
e
a
ll
o
ca
tio
n
v
ec
to
r
an
d
o
r
d
er
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
n
o
d
es
b
ased
u
p
o
n
t
h
e
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
i
s
do
n
e
in
p
lace
,
n
o
s
ep
ar
ate
ite
r
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
li
s
t
o
f
n
o
d
es
w
i
l
l
b
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
th
er
eb
y
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
co
n
s
id
er
ab
l
y
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
allo
ca
tio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
h
ic
h
p
r
ed
icts
th
e
b
an
d
wid
th
b
ased
u
p
o
n
th
e
s
tatis
t
ical
d
ata
h
as
b
ee
n
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
a
n
d
it
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
h
as
b
ee
n
v
er
if
ied
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
.
T
h
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
i
m
p
r
o
v
es
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
an
d
C
P
U
u
tili
za
tio
n
co
n
s
id
er
ab
l
y
.
I
n
c
ase
o
f
s
u
d
d
en
ch
a
n
g
e
s
in
s
ig
n
al
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
th
i
s
s
o
m
eti
m
es a
f
f
ec
ts
t
h
e
p
r
ed
ictio
n
o
f
b
an
d
w
id
th
a
n
d
h
e
n
ce
al
g
o
r
ith
m
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
o
m
e
n
t
ar
il
y
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
W
e
n
-
P
in
g
L
a
i,
E
n
-
Ch
e
n
g
L
io
u
,
a
n
d
P
in
g
-
Ch
i
Ch
e
n
.
,
“
Ra
d
i
o
re
so
u
rc
e
sc
h
e
d
u
li
n
g
u
sin
g
p
a
c
k
e
t
-
lev
e
l
se
rv
ice
d
if
fer
e
n
ti
a
ti
o
n
f
o
r
v
id
e
o
o
v
e
r
th
e
L
T
E
d
o
w
n
li
n
k
”
,
IEE
E/
CIC
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
i
n
Ch
in
a
(ICCC),
p
p
.
8
5
1
-
8
5
5
,
Oc
t
2
0
1
4
.
[2
]
Hu
sn
u
S
.
Na
rm
a
n
,
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
A
ti
q
u
z
z
a
m
a
n
,
“
J
o
in
t
a
n
d
p
a
rti
a
l
c
a
rr
ier
c
o
mp
o
n
e
n
ts
a
ss
ig
n
me
n
t
tec
h
n
i
q
u
e
s
b
a
se
d
o
n
u
se
r
p
ro
fi
le
in
L
T
E
sy
ste
ms
”
,
W
irele
s
s
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
Ne
tw
o
rk
in
g
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
(
WCNC),
M
a
r
2
0
1
5
,
p
p
.
9
8
3
-
9
8
8
.
[3
]
P
e
i
-
L
in
g
T
sa
i,
Ka
te
Ch
in
g
-
Ju
L
in
a
n
d
W
e
n
-
T
su
e
n
Ch
e
n
,
“
D
o
wn
li
n
k
ra
d
io
re
so
u
rc
e
a
ll
o
c
a
ti
o
n
w
it
h
Ca
rr
ier
Ag
g
re
g
a
ti
o
n
i
n
M
IM
O
L
T
E
-
a
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
sy
ste
ms
”
,
IEE
E
I
n
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
C
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
(ICC),
Ju
n
2
0
1
4
,
p
p
.
2
3
3
2
-
2
3
3
7
.
[4
]
A
h
m
e
d
A
b
d
e
lh
a
d
i
a
n
d
C
h
a
rles
Clan
c
y
,
“
An
o
p
t
ima
l
re
so
u
rc
e
a
ll
o
c
a
ti
o
n
wit
h
jo
in
t
c
a
rr
ier
a
g
g
re
g
a
ti
o
n
in
4
G
-
L
T
E”
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
C
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
,
Ne
tw
o
rk
in
g
a
n
d
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
(ICNC),
F
e
b
2
0
1
5
,
p
p
.
1
3
8
-
1
4
2
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
2
,
Ma
y
2
0
1
8
:
6
8
0
–
6
8
6
686
[5
]
S
o
ti
ris
Ka
ra
c
h
o
n
tziti
s
,
T
a
so
s
Da
g
iu
k
las
a
n
d
L
a
m
b
ro
s
Do
u
n
is,
“
Fa
ir
c
ro
ss
-
la
y
e
r
sc
h
e
me
fo
r
h
e
t
e
ro
g
e
n
e
o
u
s
H.2
6
4
/A
VC
v
id
e
o
stre
a
ms
o
v
e
r
L
T
E
-
b
a
se
d
b
ro
a
d
b
a
n
d
sy
ste
ms
”
,
8
th
In
tern
a
t
io
n
a
l
W
irele
ss
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
M
o
b
i
le Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
(IW
CM
C),
A
u
g
2
0
1
2
,
p
p
.
1
0
0
6
-
1
0
1
0
.
[6
]
Da
b
in
g
L
in
g
,
Zh
a
o
m
in
g
L
u
,
W
e
i
Zh
e
n
g
,
X
ian
g
m
in
g
W
e
n
a
n
d
Yi
n
g
Ju
,
“
En
e
rg
y
e
ff
icie
n
t
c
ro
ss
-
la
y
e
r
re
so
u
rc
e
a
ll
o
c
a
ti
o
n
sc
h
e
me
b
a
se
d
o
n
p
o
te
n
ti
a
l
g
a
me
s
in
L
T
E
-
A”
,
1
5
th
I
n
t
e
rn
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
y
m
p
o
siu
m
o
n
W
irele
ss
P
e
rso
n
a
l
M
u
lt
im
e
d
ia Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s (W
P
M
C)
,
p
p
.
6
2
3
-
6
2
7
,
S
e
p
2
0
1
2
.
[7
]
Ng
u
y
e
n
Hu
u
T
h
a
n
h
,
Ng
u
y
e
n
V
a
n
Du
c
,
L
e
T
h
i
Ha
n
g
,
Do
Ha
n
h
,
Ng
u
y
e
n
Tai
Hu
n
g
a
n
d
T
ra
n
A
n
h
T
u
,
“
On
p
ro
v
id
i
n
g
f
a
irn
e
ss
,
Qo
S
su
p
p
o
rt
a
n
d
sp
e
c
tra
l
e
ff
icie
n
c
y
in
OFDM
A/
T
DD
e
n
v
iro
n
me
n
ts”
,
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
Ne
two
rk
in
g
(ICOIN
),
Ja
n
2
0
1
1
,
p
p
.
218
-
2
2
3
.
[8
]
S
h
ih
-
J
u
n
g
W
u
a
n
d
L
io
u
Ch
u
,
“
A
No
v
e
l
Pa
c
k
e
t
S
c
h
e
d
u
li
n
g
S
c
h
e
me
fo
r
Do
wn
li
n
k
L
T
E
S
y
ste
m”,
S
e
v
e
n
th
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
In
tel
li
g
e
n
t
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
Hid
in
g
a
n
d
M
u
lt
im
e
d
ia
S
ig
n
a
l
P
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
(IIH
-
M
S
P
),
Oc
t
2
0
1
1
,
p
p
.
2
5
-
28
.
[9
]
A
h
m
e
d
A
b
d
e
l
-
Ha
d
i
a
n
d
C
h
a
rles
Clan
c
y
,
“
A
ro
b
u
st
o
p
ti
m
a
l
ra
te
a
ll
o
c
a
ti
o
n
a
lg
o
rith
m
a
n
d
p
ric
in
g
p
o
l
icy
fo
r
h
y
b
rid
tra
ff
ic
i
n
4
G
-
L
T
E”
,
2
4
th
I
n
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
y
m
p
o
siu
m
o
n
P
e
rs
o
n
a
l
I
n
d
o
o
r
a
n
d
M
o
b
il
e
Ra
d
io
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s (
P
IM
RC)
,
S
e
p
2
0
1
3
,
p
p
.
2
1
8
5
-
2
1
9
0
.
[1
0
]
A
.
P
o
k
h
a
riy
a
l,
G
.
M
o
n
g
h
a
l,
K.
I.
P
e
d
e
rs
e
n
,
P
.
E.
M
o
g
e
n
se
n
,
I.
Z.
Ko
v
a
c
s,
C.
Ro
sa
a
n
d
T
.
E.
Ko
ld
in
g
,
“
Fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
Do
ma
i
n
P
a
c
k
e
t
S
c
h
e
d
u
li
n
g
Un
d
e
r
Fra
c
ti
o
n
a
l
L
o
a
d
fo
r
th
e
UTR
AN
L
T
E
Do
w
n
li
n
k
”
,
V
e
h
icu
lar
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
Co
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
,
2
0
0
7
.
VT
C2
0
0
7
-
S
p
ri
n
g
.
IEE
E
6
5
th
,
A
p
r
2
0
0
7
,
p
p
.
6
9
9
-
7
0
3
.
[1
1
]
A
d
n
a
n
A
ij
a
z
a
n
d
A
.
Ha
m
id
A
g
h
v
a
m
i,
“
On
Ra
d
io
Res
o
u
rc
e
Al
l
o
c
a
ti
o
n
in
L
T
E
Ne
two
rk
s
wit
h
M
a
c
h
in
e
-
to
-
M
a
c
h
in
e
Co
mm
u
n
ic
a
ti
o
n
s”
,
V
e
h
icu
lar
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
(
V
T
C
S
p
rin
g
),
2
0
1
3
IEE
E
7
7
t
h
,
Ju
n
2
0
1
3
,
p
p
.
1
-
5
.
[1
2
]
M
o
h
si
n
If
ti
k
h
a
r,
Na
d
a
A
l
Zab
e
n
a
n
d
S
u
p
a
re
rk
M
a
n
it
p
o
r
n
su
t
,
“
T
h
e
mo
st
p
r
o
misin
g
sc
h
e
d
u
li
n
g
a
l
g
o
rit
h
m
t
o
p
ro
v
id
e
g
u
a
r
a
n
tee
d
Qo
S
to
a
ll
typ
e
s
o
f
tra
ff
ic
in
m
u
lt
ise
rv
ice
4
G
wire
les
s
n
e
two
rk
s”,
In
tern
a
t
io
n
a
l
Jo
i
n
t
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
Co
m
p
u
ter S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
S
o
f
tw
a
r
e
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(JCSS
E),
Ju
n
2
0
1
2
,
p
p
.
1
0
9
-
1
1
5
.
[1
3
]
Já
n
Ku
lí
k
a
n
d
P
e
ter
F
a
rk
a
š,
“
In
ter
-
c
e
ll
in
ter
fer
e
n
c
e
a
v
o
id
a
n
c
e
b
y
a
c
ti
v
e
c
o
o
rd
in
a
ti
o
n
o
f
sc
h
e
d
u
li
n
g
fo
r
d
o
wn
li
n
k
o
n
L
T
E
li
k
e
sy
ste
ms
”
,
2
2
n
d
I
n
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
A
p
p
li
e
d
El
e
c
tro
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
s
a
n
d
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s (ICE
COM),
S
e
p
2
0
1
6
,
p
p
.
1
-
5
.
[1
4
]
S
tef
a
n
S
c
h
wa
rz
,
Ch
risti
a
n
M
e
h
lf
u
h
re
r
a
n
d
M
a
rk
u
s
Ru
p
p
,
“
T
h
ro
u
g
h
p
u
t
M
a
x
imizin
g
M
u
lt
i
u
se
r
S
c
h
e
d
u
li
n
g
wit
h
Ad
ju
st
a
b
le
Fa
ir
n
e
ss
”
,
IEE
E
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s,
Ju
n
2
0
1
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
5
.
[1
5
]
A
le
x
a
n
d
ru
V
u
l
p
e
,
S
im
o
n
a
Ha
lu
n
g
a
a
n
d
Oc
tav
ian
F
ra
tu
,
“
Qo
S
-
a
wa
re
d
o
wn
l
in
k
sc
h
e
d
u
li
n
g
in
mu
lt
i
-
c
a
rr
ie
r
c
o
mm
u
n
ica
t
io
n
sy
ste
ms
”
,
4
th
In
t
e
rn
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
W
irele
ss
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s,
V
e
h
ic
u
lar
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
T
h
e
o
ry
a
n
d
A
e
ro
sp
a
c
e
&
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
S
y
ste
m
s,
M
a
y
2
0
1
4
,
p
p
.
1
-
5
.
[1
6
]
S
.
G
a
y
a
th
ri
a
n
d
R.
S
a
b
it
h
a
,
“
M
u
l
ti
-
L
e
v
e
l
Qu
e
u
e
b
a
se
d
Re
so
u
rc
e
A
ll
o
c
a
ti
o
n
i
n
Do
w
n
li
n
k
o
f
OFDM
A
W
ir
e
les
s
Ce
ll
u
lar Ne
tw
o
rk
s
”
,
In
d
ia
n
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l
.
9
,
n
o
.
1
0
,
M
a
rc
h
2
0
1
6
.
[1
7
]
W
o
n
g
,
I.
C.
,
Ce
ll
u
lar
P
ro
d
u
c
ts
G
r
o
u
p
R&
D,
F
re
e
sc
a
le
S
e
m
ico
n
d
.
,
In
c
.
,
A
u
stin
,
T
X
;
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a
n
s,
B.
L
.
,
“
Ad
a
p
ti
v
e
d
o
wn
li
n
k
OFDM
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re
so
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a
ll
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c
a
ti
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n
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,
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ig
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ls,
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m
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a
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d
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m
p
u
ters
,
2
0
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8
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silo
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8
,
p
p
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2
2
0
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0
7
.
[1
8
]
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u
o
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g
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iao
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e
o
rg
ia
In
st.
o
f
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h
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o
l.
,
A
tl
a
n
ta;
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a
y
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t,
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,
“
L
o
w
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mp
lex
it
y
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it
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se
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6
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y
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ms
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,
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m
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g
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0
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8
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,
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p
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2
0
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,
p
p
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7
0
.
[1
9
]
Ba
ra
k
a
t,
B.
;
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p
t.
o
f
El
e
c
tr.
,
El
e
c
tro
n
.
&
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m
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t.
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n
g
.
,
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iv
.
o
f
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re
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n
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o
n
d
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n
,
UK
;
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rsh
a
d
,
K.,
“
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a
d
a
p
ti
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y
b
ri
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sc
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e
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li
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g
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m
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r
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d
v
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n
c
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d
”
,
T
e
l
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
(ICT
),
2
0
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5
2
2
n
d
In
tern
a
ti
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n
a
l
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o
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n
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e
,
A
p
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0
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5
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p
p
.
9
1
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0
]
F
.
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p
o
z
z
i,
G
.
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iro
,
L
.
A
.
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riec
o
,
G
.
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g
g
ia,
P
.
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m
a
rd
a
,
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wn
li
n
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P
a
c
k
e
t
S
c
h
e
d
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li
n
g
in
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TE
Ce
ll
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lar
Ne
tw
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rk
s:
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y
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sig
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e
s
a
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y
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mm
.
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rv
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s
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v
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9
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p
p
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,
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n
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2
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1
2
.
[2
1
]
S
tef
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n
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c
h
w
a
rz
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risti
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n
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e
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lf
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h
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a
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s
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p
p
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st
it
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f
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m
m
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s
a
n
d
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d
io
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re
q
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e
n
c
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g
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rin
g
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ie
n
n
a
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rsity
o
f
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h
n
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u
s
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9
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-
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0
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n
n
a
,
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u
stria,
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e
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lf
u
h
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r,
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;
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p
p
,
M
.
,
“
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o
w
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o
mp
lex
it
y
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p
ro
x
ima
te
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a
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imu
m
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h
ro
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g
h
p
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t
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c
h
e
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f
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E”
,
2
0
1
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n
f
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re
n
c
e
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th
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rty
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o
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rth
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silo
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a
r
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re
n
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n
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ig
n
a
ls,
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y
ste
m
s
a
n
d
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m
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(
A
S
IL
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R),
,
No
v
2
0
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0
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p
p
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5
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-
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.
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2
]
T
.
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m
a
lath
a
,
“
S
ECURE
De
tec
ti
n
g
S
y
b
il
A
tt
a
c
k
w
it
h
a
S
c
a
lab
le
P
r
o
to
c
o
l
”,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
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o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
M
C
S
q
u
a
re
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c
ien
t
if
ic R
e
se
a
rc
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,
v
o
l.
4
,
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o
.
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,
p
p
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3
5
-
41
,
2
0
1
2
.
[2
3
]
F
a
d
li
S
irait.
,
“
Ca
p
a
c
it
y
I
m
p
ro
v
e
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
P
r
o
tec
ti
o
n
o
f
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t
w
o
rk
o
n
Et
h
e
rn
e
t
Ba
se
d
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
”,
T
EL
KOM
NIKA
(
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
ica
t
io
n
C
o
mp
u
ti
n
g
E
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
C
o
n
tro
l
),
v
o
l
.
16
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
10
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
4
]
Am
a
n
,
A
.
H.
M
.
,
Ha
sh
im
,
A
.
H.
A
.
,
&
Ra
m
li
,
H.
A
.
M
.
,
“
S
im
u
lat
io
n
A
n
a
ly
sis
f
o
r
M
u
lt
ica
st
Co
n
te
x
t
De
li
v
e
r
y
Ne
tw
o
rk
M
o
b
il
it
y
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
”,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s (
IJ
EE
I),
v
o
l.
5
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
3
9
0
-
3
9
4
,
2
0
1
7
.
[2
5
]
Ha
sh
im
,
A
.
H.
A
.
,
Am
a
n
,
A
.
H.
M
.
,
&
Ra
m
li
,
H.
A
.
M
.
,
“
Qu
a
n
ti
tativ
e
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
f
o
r
P
M
P
Iv
6
M
u
lt
ica
st
F
a
st
Re
ro
u
te
Op
e
ra
ti
o
n
s
”,
B
u
ll
e
ti
n
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
(
BE
EI)
,
v
o
l.
6
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
3
7
1
-
3
7
6
,
2
0
1
7
.
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