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I
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J
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C
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Sci,
Vo
l.
17
,
No
.
2
,
Feb
r
u
ar
y
20
20
:
8
4
5
-
8
4
9
846
th
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1
]
.
W
e
w
o
u
ld
li
k
e
to
fin
d
a
g
eo
m
etr
ic
r
ec
o
g
n
it
io
n
la
n
g
u
a
g
e,
a
g
r
ap
h
ics
in
ter
p
r
eter
,
a
r
u
le
-
b
a
s
ed
co
n
tr
o
l
in
ter
p
r
eter
,
an
d
an
o
b
j
ec
t
-
o
r
ie
n
ted
lan
g
u
a
g
e
i
n
ter
p
r
eter
to
w
o
r
k
to
g
eth
er
all
at
o
n
ce
[
2
2
]
.
On
e
g
o
o
d
p
r
ac
tice
is
to
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
a
co
m
p
le
x
p
r
o
g
r
am
as
a
co
llectio
n
o
f
la
n
g
u
a
g
e
s
,
ea
ch
o
f
w
h
ich
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
a
d
if
f
er
en
t
v
ie
w
p
o
i
n
t,
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
w
a
y
f
o
r
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
ele
m
e
n
t
s
[
2
2
]
.
I
t
m
i
g
h
t
b
e
th
i
s
is
t
h
e
r
ea
s
o
n
w
h
y
o
u
r
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
ar
e
b
ec
o
m
i
n
g
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
l
y
co
m
p
l
ex
th
i
n
k
i
n
g
m
o
r
e
ex
p
licitl
y
ab
o
u
t
lan
g
u
a
g
e
s
m
i
g
h
t
b
e
th
e
b
est
w
a
y
to
d
ea
l
w
it
h
th
is
co
m
p
lex
i
t
y
.
T
h
e
b
asic
id
e
a
is
th
at
th
e
i
n
ter
p
r
eter
its
el
f
i
s
j
u
s
t
a
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
t
h
at
is
w
r
i
tte
n
in
s
o
m
e
la
n
g
u
a
g
e,
w
h
o
s
e
i
n
ter
p
r
eter
is
an
o
th
er
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
,
w
h
ich
i
s
w
r
itte
n
in
s
o
m
e
o
th
er
la
n
g
u
a
g
e
etc.
On
e
m
ai
n
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
r
s
tr
ate
g
y
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
a
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
la
n
g
u
a
g
e
is
to
d
is
ti
n
g
u
is
h
its
el
f
f
r
o
m
o
th
er
lan
g
u
a
g
e
s
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
s
an
d
u
s
a
g
es
o
r
u
tili
t
ies
o
f
th
e
lan
g
u
ag
e.
I
n
t
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
,
w
e
tr
y
to
in
v
e
s
ti
g
ate
t
h
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
l
an
g
u
a
g
e
Dar
t,
b
y
co
m
p
ar
i
n
g
t
o
th
e
i
m
p
o
r
ta
n
t
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
lan
g
u
a
g
e
(
J
A
V
A
)
,
co
n
ce
n
tr
ati
n
g
o
n
t
h
e
s
i
m
ilar
iti
es
an
d
d
i
f
f
er
en
ce
s
o
f
t
h
e
t
w
o
.
Sectio
n
2
d
etal
s
t
h
is
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
an
d
p
r
ese
n
t
it
i
n
an
ea
s
y
r
ea
d
ab
le
tab
le
f
o
r
m
at.
T
h
e
p
ap
e
r
is
co
n
clu
d
ed
in
Sec
tio
n
3.
2.
DART AN
D
J
AVA:
CO
M
P
ARIS
O
N
O
F
CO
NC
E
P
T
S
Go
o
g
le
is
a
r
ea
l
t
i
m
e
in
ter
ac
ti
v
e
s
y
s
te
m
ap
p
licatio
n
d
ea
lin
g
w
it
h
s
ea
r
ch
,
elec
tr
o
n
ic
m
a
il,
tr
an
s
lat
io
n
,
p
lay
,
i
m
ag
e
s
,
d
r
iv
e
a
n
d
m
an
y
o
t
h
er
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
He
n
ce
,
th
e
co
m
p
a
n
y
i
s
i
n
a
co
n
s
ta
n
t
s
ea
r
ch
to
d
ev
e
lo
p
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
i
n
g
la
n
g
u
a
g
es
t
h
at
co
n
n
ec
t
al
l
o
f
th
e
s
e,
an
d
al
s
o
f
u
tu
r
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
Dar
t
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
la
n
g
u
a
g
e
h
as c
o
m
e
to
m
ee
t t
h
is
n
ee
d
[
2
3
].
J
av
a
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
a
g
e
n
er
al
-
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
la
n
g
u
ag
e
w
h
ile
Dar
t
i
s
a
clie
n
t
-
o
p
tim
ized
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
i
n
g
la
n
g
u
a
g
e.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
m
a
n
y
s
i
m
ilar
it
ies
a
n
d
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
s
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
t
w
o
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
lan
g
u
a
g
es.
T
h
e
y
ar
e
s
i
m
ilar
i
n
cr
iter
ia
s
u
c
h
as
r
ea
d
ab
ilit
y
,
r
eliab
ilit
y
,
co
s
t,
p
o
r
tab
ilit
y
,
an
d
g
e
n
er
alit
y
[
4
]
.
B
o
th
lan
g
u
a
g
es
ar
e
w
r
itab
le
an
d
w
e
ll
-
d
ef
i
n
ed
o
r
p
r
ec
is
e
lan
g
u
a
g
es.
T
h
e
t
w
o
lan
g
u
ag
e
s
a
r
e
r
o
u
g
h
l
y
OOP
lan
g
u
a
g
es
(
Ob
j
ec
t
Or
ien
ted
Pro
g
r
a
m
m
in
g
)
,
th
e
y
ar
e
class
e
s
’
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e,
an
d
b
o
th
b
ased
o
n
C
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
i.e
.
s
i
m
ilar
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
s
y
n
tax
in
C
.
A
l
s
o
,
th
e
t
w
o
o
f
th
e
m
ar
e
w
eb
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
lan
g
u
ag
e
s
,
an
d
b
o
th
ar
e
lo
v
el
y
lan
g
u
a
g
es
f
o
r
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
[
2
4
]
.
So
m
e
o
f
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
s
b
etw
ee
n
th
e
t
w
o
ar
e:
w
h
ile
J
av
a
is
g
en
er
al
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
lan
g
u
a
g
e,
Dar
t
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
Go
o
g
le
s
p
ec
if
ic
l
an
g
u
a
g
e.
Dar
t
is
a
cla
s
s
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
s
a
m
e
as
J
av
a,
h
o
w
ev
er
in
Dar
t
c
lass
co
d
e
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
w
r
it
ten
.
T
h
is
is
in
c
o
n
tr
ast
to
J
av
a,
a
cla
s
s
-
b
ased
o
b
j
ec
t
-
o
r
ien
ted
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
lan
g
u
a
g
e
n
o
t
a
p
u
r
e
o
b
j
ec
t
-
o
r
ien
ted
o
n
e.
T
h
at
i
s
,
J
av
a
h
a
s
a
s
ec
o
n
d
s
co
p
in
g
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
(
P
ac
k
ag
e
Sco
p
e)
th
at
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
i
n
p
lace
in
all
class
es
in
a
p
ac
k
a
g
e,
in
ca
s
e
th
er
e
ar
e
n
o
ac
ce
s
s
co
n
tr
o
l
m
o
d
if
ier
s
th
at
ar
e
v
is
ib
le
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
t
h
e
p
ac
k
ag
e
[
6
]
.
T
ab
le
1
s
h
o
w
s
a
C
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
Dar
t
a
n
d
J
av
a
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
b
eh
a
v
io
r
,
s
y
n
ta
x
,
s
e
m
a
tic,
v
al
u
e,
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t,
ex
p
r
es
s
io
n
,
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
an
d
co
n
d
itio
n
al
clau
s
es.
W
ith
Dar
t
w
e
ca
n
cr
ea
te
ap
p
licatio
n
s
o
n
th
e
w
eb
,
s
m
ar
t p
h
o
n
e
s
an
d
s
er
v
er
s
[
2
2
-
26]
.
T
ab
le
1
.
C
o
m
p
ar
in
g
Dar
t
an
d
J
av
a
C
o
mp
a
r
i
so
n
p
o
i
n
t
s
Jav
a
D
a
r
t
1
A
u
t
h
o
r
i
t
y
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u
n
c
o
mp
a
n
y
,
n
o
w
O
r
a
c
l
e
G
o
o
g
l
e
c
o
mp
a
n
y
2
G
e
n
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
U
p
d
a
t
e
d
i
n
t
e
r
a
c
t
i
v
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l
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
F
u
t
u
r
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l
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
3
S
c
r
i
p
t
l
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
C
a
n
b
e
W
e
b
p
r
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r
a
mm
i
n
g
I
n
t
e
r
a
c
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v
e
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e
b
l
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
4
S
y
n
t
a
x
-
man
y
si
mi
l
a
r
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
a
s
i
n
D
a
r
t
-
c
o
n
t
a
i
n
k
e
y
w
o
r
d
s
w
i
t
h
C
o
n
st
r
u
c
t
c
l
a
ss
a
s
i
n
j
a
v
a
n
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c
o
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t
a
i
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k
e
y
w
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d
s
d
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p
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n
d
s
o
n
h
a
s
l
e
t
t
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r
s
(
_
)
t
h
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t
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t
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r
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sp
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c
i
a
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w
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r
d
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c
o
mm
a
n
d
s.
5
S
e
mat
i
c
Ex
a
mp
l
e
i
s J
a
v
a
’
s st
a
t
i
c
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man
t
i
c
s ru
l
e
:
e
l
se
mat
c
h
e
s w
i
t
h
t
h
e
n
e
a
r
e
st
i
f
.
Ex
a
mp
l
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s
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e
F
l
u
t
t
e
r
se
man
t
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c
s
p
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c
k
a
g
e
.
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11
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//
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12
R
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3.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
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Dar
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is
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p
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w
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f
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m
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Dar
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w
it
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clec
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s
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f
t
w
ar
e,
w
h
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h
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m
ar
k
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p
(
HT
ML
)
,
s
cr
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t
(
P
HP
)
an
d
g
en
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al
p
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e(
J
A
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)
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N
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17
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2
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Feb
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20
20
:
8
4
5
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848
RE
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v
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Ko
p
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,
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it
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2
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.
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M
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d
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1
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p
p
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3
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Co
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lab
s,
I
n
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Da
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f
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Ja
v
a
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6
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2
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4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
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20
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.