TELKOM
NIKA Indonesia
n
Journal of
Electrical En
gineering
Vol. 16, No. 3, Dece
mbe
r
2
015, pp. 559
~ 564
DOI: 10.115
9
1
/telkomni
ka.
v
16i3.885
0
559
Re
cei
v
ed Au
gust 27, 20
15
; Revi
sed O
c
t
ober 2
8
, 201
5; Acce
pted
No
vem
ber 1
9
,
2015
An Interactive Mobile Augmented Reality for Tourism
Objects at Purbalingga District
Imam Tah
y
u
d
in
1
, Dhanar
Intan Sur
y
a
Saputr
a
2
, Ha
v
iluddin*
3
1,2
Information Sy
stem, ST
MI
K AMIKOM Pu
rw
okerto
3
Computer Sci
ence, F
a
cult
y o
f
Mathematics
and N
a
tural Sc
ienc
e, Univers
i
tas Mula
w
a
rma
n
*Corres
p
o
ndi
n
g
author, e-ma
i
l
: imam.tah
y
ud
i
n
@amik
pur
w
o
kerto.ac.id
1
, dh
anar.am
i
kom@
gmail.c
o
m
2
,
havil
ud
din
@
u
n
m
ul.ac.id
3
A
b
st
r
a
ct
T
h
is pa
per pr
e
s
ents the
deve
l
op
me
nt of an
i
n
teractive
mobi
le A
u
g
m
ent
ed
Real
ity (AR) fo
r touris
m
pro
m
oti
on w
i
th
eXtreme pr
og
ramming (XP)
at Purba
lin
g
g
a
district, Centr
a
l Jav
a
that h
a
s ma
ny p
l
aces
of
tourist attractio
n
s such as Ow
abo
ng, Pur
bas
ari Panc
ur
a
n
Mas, Sang
gal
u
r
i Park an
d Bu
per Mun
j
u
l
uh
ur
. By
app
lyin
g the
A
R
conc
ept it
is
expec
t
ed th
e
touris
m o
b
j
e
cts coul
d b
e
e
n
h
ance
d
by
au
g
m
e
n
tin
g
the
vir
t
ual
broch
u
res w
h
i
c
h co
uld
b
e
vi
ew
ed ov
er
a
mo
bil
e
devic
e.
In this
study,
mo
bil
e
devic
e
Andro
i
d
pl
atform
i
s
used to dis
p
lay
interactive br
o
c
hures
of touri
s
m pro
m
otion
contai
nin
g
3D
mo
de
ls, ani
mat
i
ons, an
d soun
ds.
The broch
u
re
w
ill provid
e inf
o
rmatio
n
in of real attracti
o
n
s of the touris
m obj
ects in
the
Purba
lin
gg
a di
strict.
Ke
y
w
ords
: au
gmente
d
rea
lity, extreme pr
o
g
ra
mmin
g, tour
ism o
b
j
e
cts, androi
d
Copy
right
©
2015 In
stitu
t
e o
f
Ad
van
ced
En
g
i
n
eerin
g and
Scien
ce. All
rig
h
t
s reser
ve
d
.
1. Introduc
tion
The touri
s
m sector a
s
an e
c
on
omic a
c
tivity has beco
m
e a major i
n
com
e
and p
r
iority for
a developm
e
n
t of many countrie
s
, esp
e
cially
for de
veloping on
e
s
. Indone
sia
as a develo
p
i
n
g
cou
n
try ha
s
many pote
n
tial touri
s
m att
r
actio
n
s such
as
natural reso
urce
s, a
variety of cult
ural
histori
c
al h
e
ri
tage, and uni
que commu
ni
ty life. Wher
ei
n, the tourism
potential is sprea
d
from th
e
islan
d
of Sumatra, Java, Kalimant
an, Su
lawe
si, Bali, and Irian Jaya.
The Pu
rbali
n
gga i
s
o
ne
of the di
stri
cts i
n
Cent
ral
Java that ha
s
m
any pla
c
e
s
of
touri
s
m
obje
c
ts such as O
w
ab
ong,
Purba
s
a
r
i Pancura
n
Ma
s, Sanggalu
r
i Park a
nd Bu
per Mu
njulu
h
ur.
The tou
r
ism
developm
ent
in Purbali
ngg
a ha
s co
ntin
ued to sho
w
positive tre
n
d
s
. In 2012, t
h
e
own
-
sou
r
ce reve
nue
(PAD) of Pu
rbali
ngga di
stri
ct
wa
s mo
re th
an Rp. 6
44.
000.00
0 or
USD
47,928.3
8
ob
tained from t
he touri
s
m se
ctor which is
an increa
se o
f
33% from the target of Rp.
485.00
0.000
or
USD 3
6
,0
95.13. Hen
c
e
,
in 2013, Pu
rbalin
gga th
e
only dist
rict
in Ce
ntral
Ja
va
that wo
n "Th
e
Mo
st Impro
v
ed TCTA Award 2
013".
Neverth
e
le
ss,
there
are
still many pla
c
e
s
of
tourism obje
c
ts at the Purb
alingg
a dist
ri
ct that have not been well p
r
omoted [1].
Therefore, inf
o
rmatio
n of t
ourism obje
c
ts with an interactive media
(i.e. video an
d audio
)
is on
e of the
solution
s of
the touri
s
m
prom
ot
ion. Hence, the Au
gmented
Re
ality (AR) i
s
an
alternative te
chn
o
logy to give users the
sen
s
e of
the
real world
wh
ile intera
cting
with the virtual
and phy
sical obje
c
t that ca
n be suppo
rti
ng touri
s
t pr
o
m
otions. Th
e
aim of this p
aper i
s
devel
op
an intera
ctive
tourism attra
c
tion that ca
n
be applie
d to Android
sma
r
tphon
es pl
atform to su
ppo
rt
tourist p
r
omot
ion at the Purbaling
ga dist
rict.
The A
R
i
s
g
e
tting mo
re
i
m
porta
nt no
w d
a
ys a
s
it
ca
n
be
use
d
in
many fi
elds an
d
encourage
d b
y
the new sm
artpho
ne
s an
d tablets revo
lution. Furthe
rmore, seve
ral studie
s
in t
h
e
impleme
n
tation of A
R
hav
e be
en
ca
rri
e
d
out,
su
ch
a
s
Ko
uro
u
than
assis,
et.al, h
a
ve p
r
esente
d
that mobile
augme
n
ted
reality (MA
R
) travel
guid
e
,
name
d
CorfuAR for
su
pportin
g
m
o
bile
tourism appli
c
ation
s
at th
e prin
cipal
cit
y
of Co
rfu isl
and in G
r
ee
ce. The re
se
a
r
ch
sh
owed that
behavio
ral int
ention to u
s
e
the system
wa
s po
si
tively affected through feeli
ng
of pleasure a
nd
excitement.
Hua
ng, et al,
also
ha
s im
plemente
d
a
mobile Au
gm
ented
Reality
(AR) to
ca
pture
image
s of the
book. T
he capture
d
of im
age
s are
sto
r
ed into the cl
oud, then the
image featu
r
es
are che
c
ked.
If
the images match then it will
be sent to the Androi
d sma
r
tphon
e platform.
Mean
while, the Ch
ung
hwa Telecom
s
Hicl
oud a
s
a
clou
d wa
s u
s
ed [2, 3].
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 16, No. 3, Dece
mb
er 201
5 : 559 – 564
560
In edu
cation
area,
some
AR experi
m
ents
h
a
ve b
een pe
rform
ed. Hu
ang e
t.al, have
develop
ed a
n
intera
ctive a
pplication tha
t
prov
ide
d
A
R
effect a
nd
co
rre
sp
ondi
ng v
i
deo
on
puzzl
e
to facilitate childre
n to lea
r
n ge
ometry i
n
t
he AR-su
p
ported
with m
obile ph
one,
calle
d Aura
sma
-
Augmente
d
Reality (AAR). In this st
udy, the participa
nts we
re
21 from 1
st
–6
th
grad
e of 2
elementa
r
y scho
ols. Th
e result of this
study i
ndicate
d that the method add
s a
new dim
e
n
s
i
on to
the prese
n
tation of o
r
iginal
image at
edu
cation fo
r spe
c
ial
n
eed
s chi
l
dren by
pe
rmitting
users to
view scientifi
c
data an
d tech
niqu
es o
n
mobile
de
vices a
s
vid
eos o
r
as th
ree dim
e
n
s
io
nal
environ
ment
s at their own leisu
r
e. Jo
rge et.a
l, co
mbined eve
r
y learning
proce
s
s from t
h
e
electri
c
al
ma
chin
es co
urse in the
ele
c
trical
engi
ne
ering
de
gre
e
usi
ng the
A
R
a
nd traditi
onal
learni
ng b
a
se
d on textboo
ks “m
agi
c bo
o
k
s”. The
expe
riment
wa
s u
s
ed th
e cou
r
se of six g
r
ou
p
s
of 25 student
s ea
ch (rand
om cho
s
e
n
)
durin
g t
he se
meste
r
between Feb
r
ua
ry
and May. The
result showed that the usability results offered
very
high scores
according to
the ease of the
use. Za
rzuela
et.al, have develope
d a le
arnin
g
gam
e with edu
catio
nal purpo
se
s about differe
nt
kind of a
n
ima
l
s living in a zoo usi
ng two
con
c
e
p
ts: Au
gmented
Re
a
lity and Serio
u
s Ga
me
s. This
appli
c
ation can be played
on any mobile device An
droid (sm
a
rtp
hone o
r
table
t
) platform, iOS,
and pri
n
ted
marker
and a
l
so op
en for
everyone.
Te
kkesi
nogl
u et.al, have develope
d we
b b
a
se
d
AR for p
r
e
school
child
ren
to provide
ed
ucato
r
s a
wa
y to teach
st
udent
s with
d
eepe
r an
d m
o
re
meanin
g
ful a
c
ad
emic exp
e
rien
ce
s in th
e esp
e
ci
ally animal name
s
with instructiv
e and fan
c
y way
[4-7].
In engine
erin
g field, Ciruli
s & Brigmanis hav
e develo
ped the ap
plication virtual
city 3D-
AR for
urban
planni
ng
whi
c
h
provid
e wi
de fun
c
tionali
t
y, including
spatial vi
suali
z
ation
for m
o
re
pre
c
ise evalu
a
tion of ne
w
con
s
tru
c
tion
s and o
b
ject
s l
ook
and vi
su
al influen
ce o
n
enviro
n
men
t
al
surro
undi
ng. This a
ppli
c
ati
on allo
wing t
o
merg
e r
eal
city with virtual thre
e di
mensi
onal
(3
D)
building
s
a
n
d
its logical
structure. Ha
rdi
ans
ya
h ha
s made an
app
lication p
ede
strian
navigat
ion,
detectin
g
the
position of
building
s
a
nd roa
d
s h
a
v
e been succe
ssfully pe
rformed by this
appli
c
ation. Other capa
bil
i
ties of
the application is to provide po
sition locatio
n
of users an
d to
indicate the d
i
rectio
n of the road that
ha
s been succe
s
sfully cre
a
ted
[8, 9].
The pa
per i
s
orga
nized a
s
follows. Se
ction 2 di
scu
s
ses the
met
hodol
ogy use
d
in this
study. Sectio
n 3 is the re
sults of
the stu
d
y that we pe
rforme
d in order to asse
ss the perform
a
n
ce
inclu
d
ing fun
c
tionality of mobile AR tourism o
b
j
e
cts, an
d th
e pro
pertie
s
of mobile AR
appli
c
ation
s
,
usa
b
ility and
experim
ental
impa
ct of
a
pplication. Fi
nally, we
con
c
lud
e
the
pa
per
with pra
c
tical
implication
s
of our rese
arch
pertai
n
i
ng to the development a
nd evaluatio
n o
f
mobile AR to
urism obje
c
ts application.
2. Rese
arch
Metho
d
An interactive
applicatio
n requires at lea
s
t des
ig
ne
r (i.e. 3D desi
g
n
e
r, scree
n
de
sign
er,
intera
ction de
sign
er), prog
rammers, and
usabilit
y eng
ineer. Th
e 3
D
de
sign
er is con
c
erned
with
3D interactio
n. The scre
en
desig
ner i
s
focu
se
d the
a
c
tual screen l
a
yout that is what is p
r
e
s
e
n
ted
to the u
s
er o
n
screen. T
h
en, the inte
ra
ction d
e
si
gne
r is to
fine-tu
ne the i
n
tera
ction the
u
s
er ca
n
experie
nce. Programme
r
is the im
pl
em
entation of th
e user inte
rf
a
c
e by
writing
and e
d
iting lo
w
level co
de.
Therefore,
u
s
ability en
gin
eer i
s
p
o
int
of intere
st fo
r the u
s
a
b
ility engine
er t
h
a
t
combi
n
e
s
all
the rol
e
s of
the qu
ality assuran
c
e
(i.e. sele
cts,
b
r
iefs, d
ebri
e
fs, prepa
re
s t
he
evaluation
m
a
terial
s,
cond
ucts an
d lo
gs) a
nd
anal
y
z
es
and
evalu
a
tes th
e
re
su
lts. The
u
s
e
r
s i
s
actually u
s
e
s
the user i
n
te
rfac
e
by navi
gating [10]. In this
st
udy,
developin
g
m
obile AR touri
s
m
obje
c
ts have
main thre
e ph
ase
s
in
clud
es
desig
n, implementation, a
nd evaluatio
n
.
2.1. The Arc
h
itec
ture o
f
Sy
stem
The a
pplications
will b
e
co
nstru
c
ted
through
seve
ral
stage
s. Th
e first
stage i
s
to
desi
g
n
the layout
of
the p
r
omotio
nal b
r
o
c
h
u
re.
The
se
cond
stage
is the
determi
nation
of the image to
be u
s
ed
as
a
marker
appli
c
ation. Th
e la
st stag
e
is to
uploa
d the
co
ntent to be di
splaye
d on th
e
marker as AR information (t
ouri
s
m obj
ect
s
). The
system architecture as
illustrated in Figure 1.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
An Interacti
v
e
Mobile Augm
ented Reality
for Tou
r
ism
Object
s at… (I
m
a
m Tahyudi
n)
561
Figure 1. The
mobile AR archite
c
ture
This a
r
chitecture con
s
ist
s
of the main
actors, nam
ely the read
ers
and e
d
itors. T
h
e
editors are AR co
ntent tha
t
creato
r
s
wh
o con
n
e
c
t
to the clou
d inte
rface. Me
an
while, the rea
d
er
is a user
wh
o views a
co
ntent by runn
ing the
AR with app for A
ndroi
d interfa
c
e platfo
rm. The
detail of the system archite
c
ture
i
s
prese
n
ted in Figu
re
2.
A brief de
scription of th
e archite
c
ture of
mobile
AR system
in Figure 2
.
First is
determi
ned news or
advertisement
s that will be
the
AR as
a marker by
an edi
tors
(protocol
)
.
Next, printin
g
pro
m
otional
tourism
obj
ects brochu
res
su
ch a
s
l
o
cation, attra
c
tio
n
s, a
nd lo
go
s.
Secon
d
, the
i
m
age
is upl
o
aded
an
d
sto
r
ed
in th
e
clo
ud d
a
taba
se
as
an
interfa
c
e th
at
can
b
e
calle
d up
by
point an
d
sca
n
u
s
ing i
n
terf
ace
of ap
p fo
r And
r
oid
plat
form. Thi
r
d, reade
rs are gi
ven
the touri
s
t de
stination
s
o
n
bro
c
hu
re
s, th
en can b
e
ca
lled to di
spla
y the AR. Fo
urth, to view
the
image
s, the reade
r sh
ould
run their An
droid
sma
r
tp
hone
s. Then,
the came
ra i
s
used to view a
particula
r ima
ge o
r
m
a
rke
r
in a
p
r
omoti
onal to
uri
s
m
obje
c
ts
bro
c
h
u
re
by u
s
ing
the ap
plicatio
n
interface
app
for An
droid
platform. Fift
h, if ther
e i
s
t
he
sam
e
pi
ct
ure
in
a
clou
d data
b
a
s
e t
hen it
will be di
spla
yed via the AR with interactive content (i
.e. video and audio
)
.
Figure 2. Det
a
il architectu
re mobile AR
system
On the othe
r side, the re
aders o
r
use
r
s a
r
ch
itectu
re of the syst
em interfa
c
e
app for
Androi
d platf
o
rm in
Figu
re
3. A brief ex
planatio
n
of the u
s
e
r
s A
R
system
archi
t
ecture. Fi
rstly,
use
r
s o
r
rea
d
e
rs run
the
a
pplication i
n
an inte
rfa
c
e
app fo
r A
ndroid pl
atform.
Then,
a
sele
cted
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 16, No. 3, Dece
mb
er 201
5 : 559 – 564
562
image o
r
marker
will be de
livered an
d m
a
tche
d in
the databa
se
clo
ud se
rver. Se
con
d
ly, images
or marker i
n
whi
c
h received will
be verifi
ed. If the images
match
and fit on the int
e
rface then the
data will
be delivered
in
getPOI
type
to the u
s
e
r
s
or
rea
ders in
the fo
rm of
AR in
clud
es
3D
image, video
or anim
a
tion, virtual button
s
, or web links.
Figure 3. The
user’
s
a
r
chitecture sy
ste
m
3. Results a
nd Analy
s
is
In this se
ctio
n we explai
n
ed the de
sig
n
and devel
o
p
ment prototype con
c
e
p
t of mobile
AR touri
s
m o
b
ject
s on th
e
Androi
d sm
artphone
platform. The di
scu
ssi
on
can
be
made in
seve
ral
sub
-
s
e
ct
io
ns.
3.1. Functio
n
alit
y
of Sy
s
t
em
In general, t
he task of the
editor i
s
to determine m
a
rker
s and
filling content
i
n
cludes
image
s a
nd
videos,
set th
e pag
e o
n
a
web
browse
r, uploa
d
cont
ent (i.e. ima
g
e
s a
nd vid
e
o
s
),
and
con
d
u
c
t
experim
ents t
hat appli
c
atio
n. Furth
e
rm
o
r
e, to la
un
ch
the AR
appli
c
ation, u
s
ers
or
read
ers
sh
oul
d be
do
wnlo
a
d
an
d in
stall t
he a
ppli
c
atio
n screen
ap
p
on th
e And
r
oid
sma
r
tpho
ne
platform. Th
e cam
e
ra on
the sma
r
tph
one i
s
used
to find markers m
obile
AR in the lo
cal
newsp
ape
r "Hari
an Umu
m
Rada
r Ban
y
umas".
3.2. The Mar
ker Re
ading
Process
In this experi
m
ent, the pro
t
otype con
c
e
p
t of
AR tourism obje
c
ts a
s
sh
own in Figure 4.
The inte
rfa
c
e
of ap
p for Androi
d pl
atform is
used to
perfo
rm im
ag
e or ma
rker
detectio
n
in t
he
bro
c
hu
re the
n
displ
a
y the information
of AR
conte
n
t includ
es v
i
deo, image
s,
animation, a
n
d
virtual button
s
that contain
a particula
r link, Fi
gure 5. It is base
d
on gene
ral AR applicatio
n set
up that
con
s
i
s
ts of fo
ur m
a
in comp
one
nt whi
c
h
are
a ca
mera to
captu
r
e th
e real envi
r
onm
ent
(touri
s
m
attraction
s) an
d
trackin
g
, co
mputer
and
displ
a
y devices fo
r virtua
l augm
entati
o
n
(mobil
e
devi
c
e) an
d ma
rke
r
s
as ta
ngible
intera
ction
d
e
vice
s a
s
wel
l
as tracking
target [11]. Th
e
overall tou
r
ism obje
c
ts de
sign divid
ed i
n
to editor’
s p
age an
d re
a
der’
s
pa
ge. T
h
is p
r
ototype
is
usin
g ha
ndh
eld (m
obile
device
)
for viewin
g the
a
ugmentatio
n
of the touri
s
m attractio
n
s. It
mean
s, hand
held display will help re
ad
ers to expe
ri
ence the AR con
c
e
p
t while
maintaining t
he
context of re
ading n
o
rm
al
newspa
p
e
r
. Furthe
rm
o
r
e
,
mobile devi
c
e
s
no
wad
a
ys advan
ce
d i
n
comp
uting
po
wer an
d al
so
in 3
D
g
r
ap
hic pro
c
e
s
sing
with the
intro
ductio
n
of e
m
bedd
ed
Gra
p
hic
Processin
g
Unit (GP
U
). This mobil
e
AR tour
ism obje
c
ts co
ncept can be u
s
ed di
re
ctly
as
a
norm
a
l read
e
r
readin
g
a
norm
a
l ne
wspape
r. Thi
s
i
s
fo
cu
sed
on
two p
a
rt
s
which
consi
s
t
o
f
physi
cal ne
wspa
per
(touri
s
m object
s
bro
c
hu
re
) and m
obile ap
plicati
on.
In this
experiment,
scre
en visi
on
te
chn
o
l
ogy for the
d
e
velopme
n
t o
f
tourism
obje
c
ts h
a
s
been used.
T
he
scree
n vi
sion
technol
og
y is to u
s
e th
e dete
c
tion, t
r
ackin
g
an
d
compute
r
visio
n
techni
que
s t
hen in
se
rt th
e obje
c
ts th
at introdu
ctio
n of col
o
r
d
e
scripto
r
s int
o
the AR. T
hen,
Dom
i
nant Col
o
r De
scripto
r
(DCD)
i
s
use
d
for the
dist
ribution
of col
o
r i
n
p
a
tch
e
s
that display t
h
e
cap
a
city of color in la
rge
quantitie
s but
still effi
cient. The editor
h
a
s to uplo
ad
certai
n imag
e
to
be u
s
ed
as a
marker. F
u
rth
e
rmo
r
e, the
sc
r
e
en
will d
e
tect the im
age
and
conve
r
te
d into a fo
rm
of
fingerp
r
int
th
en a
pprop
riat
e to b
e
d
e
livered
to th
e u
s
er.
The
final
step
is reco
gnize the
screen
and di
splay
s
AR conte
n
t into the real wo
rld.
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TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
An Interacti
v
e
Mobile Augm
ented Reality
for Tou
r
ism
Object
s at… (I
m
a
m Tahyudi
n)
563
Figure 4. Interface d
e
si
gn
system
Figure 5. Image dete
c
tion
system
3.2. Observ
a
tional Stud
y
The o
b
servat
ional
study o
f
t
he prototype is ba
se
d
on u
s
e
r
feed
backs gath
e
red from
tourist p
r
om
o
t
ions. The
users
wh
o trie
d
the prot
otyp
e we
re from
different ba
ckgrou
nd a
n
d a
ge.
Based o
n
the
obse
r
vation,
most of targe
t
ed use
r
s we
re excited with
the AR tech
nology con
c
e
p
t
applie
d on th
e touri
s
m o
b
j
e
cts. T
he AR con
c
e
p
t of
the tou
r
ism
o
b
ject
s succe
s
sfully gra
b
s their
attention. Th
e u
s
ers
we
re likely to u
s
e thi
s
m
obil
e
AR
appli
c
a
t
ion with th
e
touri
s
m o
b
j
e
cts
bro
c
hu
re.
Th
is o
b
servatio
n sho
w
s that
this
m
obil
e
AR
a
p
plication with
the
tourism
o
b
je
cts
bro
c
hu
re i
s
easy to use. The excite
ment of in
teracting
with the touri
s
m o
b
ject
s bro
c
h
u
re’
s
conte
n
ts u
s
in
g their finge
r can b
e
sh
own based on th
eir re
actio
n
.
4. Conclusio
n
This p
ape
r has p
r
e
s
ent
ed the deve
l
opment
of
an intera
ctive mobile A
R
touri
s
t
destin
antion
s
bro
c
hu
re. T
h
is ap
plicatio
n con
s
i
s
ts of mobile AR applic
ation and
inte
ra
ctive
bro
c
hu
re int
e
rface de
sig
n
. Based o
n
observati
o
nal study o
n
the protot
ype, this tourist
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ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 16, No. 3, Dece
mb
er 201
5 : 559 – 564
564
destin
a
tion
s
bro
c
hu
re
wa
s inte
ra
ctive desi
gn a
n
d
enga
ging l
e
arnin
g
expe
ri
nce. Ba
se
d
on
encouragin
g
respon
se
fro
m
ob
se
rv
atio
nal study,
it motivates
th
e
develo
p
ment
of the
AR
others
tourism obje
c
ts at Purbalin
gga di
strict a
s
future
work.
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