Indonesi
an
Journa
l
of El
ect
ri
cal Engineer
ing
an
d
Comp
ut
er
Scie
nce
Vo
l.
1
3
,
No.
2
,
Febr
uar
y
201
9
, pp.
8
31
~
836
IS
S
N: 25
02
-
4752, DO
I: 10
.11
591/ijeecs
.v1
3
.i
2
.pp
831
-
836
831
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ia
es
core.c
om/j
ourn
als/i
ndex.
ph
p/ij
eecs
Perform
ance enh
ancemen
t o
f
OC
DMA
system b
ased on
sequenti
al algori
thm
(Se
Q)
code
C.
A. S.
Fa
z
li
na
1
, C.
B.
M.
Ra
s
hidi
2
, S.
N. Az
emi
3
, S
. A.
Alju
nid
4
,
S
. Y
aakob
5
1,3
Advanc
ed
Co
m
m
unic
at
ion
En
gine
er
ing, Schoo
l
of
Com
pute
r
an
d
Com
m
unic
at
io
n
Engi
n
ee
ring
,
Univer
siti
Malays
ia
Perl
is,
Per
li
s,
Malay
si
a
2
W
IPN
ET
,
Depa
rtment
of
Com
pute
r and
Com
m
unic
a
ti
on
S
y
stems
Engi
n
ee
ring
,
Fa
cul
t
y
of Enginee
ring,
Univer
siti
Pu
tra
Malay
s
ia (UP
M),
Sel
angor
,
Mal
a
y
sia
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
J
ul
1
2
, 2
018
Re
vised
Oct
2
0,
2018
Accepte
d
Nov
2,
2018
Thi
s
pap
er
pr
ese
nts
a
new
class
of
Sequentia
l
Algorit
hm
(Se
Q
)
code
for
Optic
a
l
Code
Division
Multi
pl
e
Acc
ess
(OCDMA)
sy
stem.
T
he
SeQ
code
has
adva
nta
g
es
of
var
ious
cro
ss
-
cor
relati
on
prop
erty
at
an
y
giv
e
n
num
ber
of
users,
and
code
weight
s.
The
r
esult
show
n,
at
err
or
floor
BER
=
10
-
09,
the
SeQ
code
ca
pa
bil
ity
to
su
ppor
t
190
num
ber
s
of
sim
ult
ane
ous
users
wa
s
highe
r
th
an
thos
e
ac
h
ie
ved
b
y
F
CC
(W
=4),
DCS
(W
=4)
and
MF
H
(W
=4).
SeQ
code
exc
e
ll
entl
y
support
190
num
ber
of
users
due
to
due
to
th
e
arr
ange
m
ent
of
code
a
lgori
thm
and
fle
xib
il
i
t
y
c
ross
-
cor
rel
ation
(0
and
1)
role
.
In
addi
t
ion
,
SeQ
code
c
apable
to
support
u
p
to
70
km
for
bit
rate
155
Mbps
in
compar
ison 6
22
Mbps
,
1
Gbps
,
and
2
G
bps be
ab
le t
o
su
pport
40km
,
30km
and
20km
respe
ctively
.
He
nce
,
we can ascerta
in
th
at
PIIN
a
nd
MA
I
are
succ
essfull
y
el
i
m
ina
te
d
for
SA
C
-
OCD
MA
codi
ng
s
y
st
em.
Ke
yw
or
ds:
Bi
t Err
or Rat
e
(BER)
Mult
iple Acces
s Interfe
re
nce
(MAI)
Op
ti
cal
Co
de Divisi
on M
ulti
ple
Access
(O
C
D
MA)
Ph
ase
Induce
d In
te
ns
it
y No
ise
(P
I
IN)
SeQ
c
ode
Copyright
©
201
9
Instit
ut
e
o
f Ad
vanc
ed
Engi
n
ee
r
ing
and
S
cienc
e
.
Al
l
rights
reserv
ed.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
Sit
i Fazl
ina Bi
nti Che
‘Ad,
Adva
nced Co
m
m
un
ic
at
ion
E
ng
i
neer
i
ng, Ce
ntre of
E
xcell
ence,
School
of Com
pu
te
r
a
nd Com
m
un
ic
at
ion
Enginee
rin
g,
Un
i
ver
sit
i M
al
ay
sia
Per
li
s (U
niMAP
),
01000,
Kanga
r
, P
e
rlis, Ma
la
ysi
a.
Em
a
il
:
eng
_faz
z@ya
hoo.com
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
The
A
c
omm
u
nicat
ion
syst
e
m
transf
er
in
f
or
m
at
ion
from
on
e
sta
ti
on
t
o
ano
th
er
sta
ti
on,
w
hethe
r
to
sp
li
t
by
a
few
kilom
et
er
or
lo
ng
-
hau
l
distan
ces.
Com
m
un
ic
at
ion
is
re
gu
l
arly
su
pp
or
te
d
by
an
el
ect
r
oma
gn
et
ic
carrier
wav
e
t
hat
fr
e
qu
e
ntly
able
to
diff
er
ent
from
a
few
m
egah
ertz
(MHz)
to
m
or
e
than
a
few
hund
re
d
TeraHe
rtz
(
TH
z)
[
1].
O
ptica
l
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
syst
em
s
con
t
rast
in
source
for
m
ic
ro
wa
ve
syst
e
m
s
on
ly
in
the
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
se
ve
ral
o
f
t
he
co
uri
er
wa
ve
us
ed
t
o
tra
ns
m
i
t
the
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
in
form
ation
.
An
e
nhancem
ent
in
the
data
siz
e
of
opti
cal
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
via
cause
of
up
to
10
000
is
pos
sibil
it
y
easi
ly
cause
s
uc
h
as
extrem
e
carrier
freq
ue
nc
ie
s u
se
d for li
gh
t
wav
e
syst
em
s [
2].
In
m
ulti
pl
e
ac
cess,
there
ha
ve
three
ty
pes
of
te
ch
niques
wh
e
re,
tw
o
m
ai
n
m
ulti
ple
acce
ss
sk
il
ls,
wh
ic
h
are
eve
r
y
us
er
is
assig
ned
at
a
preci
s
e
tim
e
slot
in
tim
e
div
isi
on
m
ulti
ple
acce
ss
(
TDMA
)
a
nd
a
giv
e
n
wav
el
e
ng
t
h
spa
ce
in
wav
el
e
ng
t
h
div
isi
on
m
ul
ti
ple
acce
ss
(
WD
MA
)
[
3]
.
Fo
r
opti
cal
cod
e
div
isi
on
m
ul
ti
ple
acce
ss (OCDM
A)
sk
il
l was
pr
ogressi
vely
u
pwar
d
in
n
e
w de
cades
pr
e
vious
ly
b
ecause
of t
he huge
requir
e
m
ent
for
ba
ndwidt
h
consum
ption
,
i
nter
net
facil
it
i
es
with
el
ect
ronic
sel
li
ng
an
d
te
le
-
networ
kin
g
[4
]
.
T
he
go
al
was
t
he
abili
ty
to
accom
m
od
at
e
a
high
num
ber
of
us
er
s
at
sm
al
le
r
bit
rate
to
co
nn
ect
al
l
tog
et
he
r
acr
oss
the
fiber [
5].
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
1
3
, N
o.
2
,
Fe
bru
ary
201
9
:
8
3
1
–
8
3
6
832
In
OC
DMA
s
yst
e
m
,
the
m
ain
ly
pr
inci
pal
at
te
ntion
is
the
cod
e
propose
d
wh
ere
un
acce
ptable
co
de
const
ru
ct
e
d
an
d
m
or
e
synchrono
us
us
e
rs
ab
le
to
b
e
sli
gh
tl
y
red
uce
d
the
syst
e
m
i
m
ple
m
entat
ion
bec
ause
of
the
cu
rr
e
nt
m
ulti
ple
acce
ss
interfer
e
nce
(MAI)
[
6].
T
her
e
are
sim
i
la
rly
a
nu
m
ber
no
ise
r
eso
ur
ces
a
risin
g
f
ro
m
the
physi
cal
prop
e
rtie
s
of
the
arr
a
ng
em
ent
schem
e,
fo
r
e
xa
m
ple
ph
ase
in
du
ce
i
ntensity
no
is
e
(P
I
I
N)
,
t
her
m
al
and
shot no
ise
,
res
pecti
vely
. P
IIN o
cc
ur
s
se
ver
el
y
c
onnect
ed
to
MA
I
bec
ause o
f
the ove
rlap
ping
s
pectr
a
since
nu
m
erous user
s [7].
This
noise
is
becau
se
of
the
natu
ral
release
of
the
broa
dband
li
ght
su
ppl
y.
PI
I
N
determ
ined
by
th
e
total
of
the
del
ay
ing
use
rs
a
nd
can
’t
be
e
nh
anced
by
arisi
ng
the
tra
nsfer
re
d
po
wer
or
a
dd
it
ion
al
am
plifi
cat
ion
at
the
receiver
par
t
w
hile,
sig
nal
am
plific
ati
on
ha
pp
e
ns
c
onti
nuously
accom
pan
ie
d
via
an
eq
uiv
al
e
nt
vo
l
um
e
of
noise
an
d
can’
t
increas
e
the
rati
o
of
sig
nal
power
to
noise
powe
r
[8
]
.
MAI
is
the
restrict
ion
from
ano
t
he
r
us
er
tra
ns
fe
rr
i
ng
at
the
sam
e
t
i
m
e,
wh
ic
h
wil
l
bound
the
op
erati
on
er
ror
possibil
it
y
with
the
real
noise
in
the
gen
e
ral syst
em
[9].
A
fe
w
of
the
op
e
rati
ve
re
so
l
ution
f
or
P
IIN
destr
uction
a
r
e
to
reduce
t
he
nu
m
ber
of
r
est
rict
ion
s
a
m
on
g
t
he
sig
nals
of
othe
r
use
rs,
wh
e
reas
t
he
val
ue
of
cr
oss
-
co
rrel
at
ion
m
us
t
m
ino
rs
a
s
workable.
T
hus,
the
OCDM
A
co
din
g
sc
hem
e
mu
st
have
an
e
ff
ect
ive
ad
dre
ss
cod
e
ar
ra
ngem
ent
con
sist
ent
cro
ss
-
co
rrel
at
ion
.
In
a
ppr
opriat
e
c
ro
ss
c
orrelat
ion
be
twee
n
th
e
ad
dr
e
ss
orde
rs
e
nlar
ged
[
10]
.
T
he
c
r
os
s
-
correla
ti
on
co
ntr
ol
th
e
MAI
w
hich
is
ov
e
rall
and
m
a
in
su
bject
in
th
e
OCDMA
sys
tem
s.
The
m
or
e
the
cro
ss
-
c
or
relat
ion
bet
we
en
any
two
co
de
w
ord
s,
will
m
ake
robu
st
f
orce
of
the
MAI
a
nd
i
na
ccu
rate
res
olut
ion
w
hich
will
dam
age
the
sy
stem
i
m
ple
m
entat
io
n
of
BER
[11].
Hen
ce,
the
co
rr
el
at
ion
pro
pe
rtie
s
of
the
co
de
add
re
ss
i
m
portant
m
easur
e
in
the
op
e
rati
on
of
OCDM
A
syst
e
m
s.
Additi
on
al
ly
,
on
ce
t
he
sit
uation
co
nt
ai
ns
the
c
orr
el
at
ion
pr
op
e
r
ti
es
i
t
corr
es
pondin
gly
ob
se
r
ved
ab
ou
t
t
he
c
od
e
siz
e
an
d
the
co
de
le
ng
t
h.
The
c
od
e
le
ngth
de
ve
lop
s
a
rest
rict
ion
t
o
the num
ber
of
synch
ron
ous
use
rs
t
hat the
O
CDMA syst
em
s ab
le
t
o
s
uppo
rt [12
]
.
2.
ESSENTI
AL
OF SEQ
UE
N
TIAL AL
GO
RITH
M (SeQ
)
C
ODE
D
ES
I
GN
The
fam
il
y
of
SeQ
co
d
e
de
sign
is
co
nce
r
ned
m
at
he
m
at
i
cal
pr
eface
s
to
desig
n
the
c
odes
f
or
a
ny
giv
e
n
nu
m
ber
of
wei
gh
ts
an
d
us
e
rs
with
m
i
nim
u
m
cod
e
le
ng
t
h.
Since,
opti
cal
co
des
m
ay
be
represe
nt
ed
as
vecto
rs,
t
he
li
ne
ar
al
ge
br
a
will
be
use
d
t
o
ide
ntify
this
Se
Q
cod
e
.
T
he
a
uto
-
co
rr
el
at
io
n
of
each
c
od
e
w
ord
a
nd
the
cr
os
s
-
co
rr
e
la
ti
on
betwee
n
any
Ai
=
(a1,
a2
,
a
3,
..
aN
)
tw
o
se
pa
rate
co
dewo
rd
Ai
=(a1,a2
,a3..a
N
)
a
nd
Bj=(
b1,b2,b
3.
.
bN),
res
pecti
ve
ly
.
A
sho
rt
nota
ti
on
of
K
re
pre
sented
num
ber
of
us
er
s
in
bi
nar
y
[
0,
1]
se
qu
e
nces
of
le
ngth
N,
c
od
e
weig
ht
W
is
t
he
num
ber
of
“
1”
in
eac
h
c
odewor
d
a
nd
the
su
prem
e
cro
ss
-
correla
ti
on,
λa.
The
aut
o
a
nd
cro
ss
-
correla
ti
on func
ti
on
s
of these
seq
uen
ces
are
def
i
ned b
y;
(
)
=
∑
+
=
=
0
=
1
(1)
(
)
=
∑
+
≤
1
=
0
=
1
(2)
It
is
no
te
w
or
t
hy
wh
en
sc
hem
i
ng
c
od
i
ng
seq
uen
ce
s
su
c
h
th
at
,
m
ay
be
cause
sli
gh
te
st
overly
ing
bet
wee
n
data
chips
. Let
A
=
{an} a
nd B = {
bn
}
b
e
the
ord
ers of
len
gth
N
su
c
h
t
hat the
ve
ct
or
form
can be
wr
it
te
n
as;
{
}
=
′
0′
′1
′
,
=
0
,
.
.
−
1
{
}
=
′
0′
′1
′
,
=
0
,
.
.
−
1
}
(3)
The
n,
a
n
is
a
{0,
1}
bin
a
ry
seq
uen
ce
,
the
m
axi
m
u
m
value
of
λ
a
(τ)
i
n
Eq
uatio
n
(
1)
is
for
τ
=
0
a
nd
is
equ
i
valent t
o W,
t
he
c
od
e
wei
gh
t
of the s
eq
uen
ce
can
be e
xpresse
d
as;
(
0
)
=
(4)
The
c
ode
words label
le
d by E
q
uatio
n
(
2)
ca
n ex
pr
es
sed
as;
=
{
}
=
=
0
,
1
,
…
−
1
=
{
}
=
=
0
,
1
.
.
.
−
1
}
(5)
In term
s o
f
the
vecto
rs A a
nd
B, Eq
uatio
n
s
(
1) an
d (2) ca
n be
wr
it
te
n
as;
(
0
)
=
=
(
0
)
=
}
(6)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Perf
orma
nce e
nhanceme
nt
of
OCDMA
syste
m ba
se
d o
n
se
quential
algorit
hm (SeQ)
code
(
C. A. S.
Fa
zli
na
)
833
Wh
e
re,
A
T
and BT
de
no
te
t
he
tran
s
fer o
f ve
ct
or
s
A
a
nd B,
resp
ect
ively
. T
he
fi
rst A
it
h r
ow fo
r
the
first
K user
of the c
ode m
a
trix ca
n be
wr
it
te
n
as;
=
1
1
.
.
1
⏞
0
.
.
.
0
⏞
(7)
Wh
e
re,
the
firs
t row
of A
i i
s
define as;
+
;
1
,
2
,
…
(8)
Assum
e that, r = (
W
-
λ
ab
)
a
nd
x
i
ca
n be
der
i
ve
d
as;
=
+
−
(
−
1
)
−
=
(
−
)
(9)
The
MA
I
an
d
PI
I
N
am
on
g
us
ers
ca
n
be
su
pp
resse
d
e
ff
ect
ively
,
w
he
n
the
set
of
cod
e
ca
n
be
const
ru
ct
e
d
wi
th au
to and cro
ss
-
co
rrel
at
ion
by d
eco
ding th
e sign
al
s.
T
his r
eq
uires
that t
he
ad
dress co
de
s
m
us
t
appr
opriat
e,
w
her
e
al
l
ad
dr
es
s
cod
e
wor
d
m
ay
be
easi
ly
disti
ng
uis
he
d
fro
m
a
po
ssibly
sh
ifte
d
ver
si
on
of
e
ver
y
oth
e
r
c
od
e
word.
No
ti
ce,
it
is
de
sired
t
o
gen
e
ra
te
a
set
of
m
ini
m
u
m
le
ng
th
of
Se
Q
c
ode
f
or
K
=
4,
W
=
3
a
nd
λa
≥
0
and 1.
C
od
e
w
ord
of S
e
Q f
or
W=3,
K=4 an
d
≥
0
an
d 1 as
sho
w
n
in
Ta
ble 1
:
Table
1.
C
ode
word of
SeQ
for
W
=
3, K=
4
a
nd
≥
0
and
1
Bas
ic
Parity
(
1
2 4
)
1
1 0
1 0
0 0
(
2
3 5
)
0
1 1
0 1
0 0
(
3
4 6
)
0
0 1
1 0
1 0
(
4
5 7
)
0
0 0
1 1
0 1
No
ti
ce, t
he rel
at
ion
betwee
n N
and
K for Se
Q
code ca
n be e
xpress a
s:
=
+
2
−
3
(10)
3.
NOI
SE
PER
F
ORMA
N
CE
ANALY
SIS
The
SN
R
is de
fine
d
as
the
a
ve
rag
e
sig
nal
t
o
no
ise
po
wer, S
NR
=
I
2/
2
is
the
ave
ra
ge
powe
r
of noise
wh
ic
h
is
giv
e
n by,
2
=
〈
ℎ
2
〉
+
〈
2
〉
+
〈
ℎ
2
〉
(11)
Eq
uation
(
11) c
an be stat
ed
a
s,
(12)
Power Spe
ct
rum
D
ensity
(
PS
D)
will
b
e
calc
ulate
d
a
nd the
photodio
de
c
ur
ren
t
I
a
nd can
be writt
en
as
foll
ows;
=
ℛ
∫
(
)
∞
0
(13)
ℛ
re
pr
ese
nts as
the
respo
ns
ivel
y of t
he p
ho
t
o
-
detect
or
s
. Hen
ce the
photo c
urre
nt I can
b
e
e
xpresse
d
as;
(14)
The p
ow
e
r o
f
Shot n
ois
e ca
n be
wr
it
te
n
as;
22
4
2
bn
C
L
K
T
B
e
BI
I
B
R
[]
sr
PW
N
I
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on
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a
n
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c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
1
3
, N
o.
2
,
Fe
bru
ary
201
9
:
8
3
1
–
8
3
6
834
〈
ℎ
2
〉
=
2
ℛ
[
]
[
3
+
1
]
(15)
The
Ph
a
se
Ind
uced
I
nten
sit
y
N
oise
(P
I
I
N)
noise
will
di
ct
at
e
the
broa
db
a
nd
s
ources
.
The
cal
culat
ion
f
or
receiver
P
IIN
no
ise
directl
y
from
the
total
PSD
of
eac
h
phot
od
i
od
e
.
By
us
in
g
a
n
E
q.
(
15)
t
he
P
IIN
noise
at
the r
ecei
ver o
ut
pu
t i
s
giv
e
n b
y;
〈
2
〉
=
(
1
2
1
+
1
2
2
)
=
2
∗
*B
(16)
The varia
nce
of the
PII
N no
is
e at t
he recei
ve
r
ca
n be e
xpres
sed
as;
〈
2
〉
=
ℛ
2
2
2
∆
[
3
+
1
]
(17)
Since
al
l
eq
uation
s
how
n
the
pro
per
ti
es
of
S
eQ
co
de
a
re
un
iqu
e
a
n
d
in
depend
e
nt
of
eac
h
oth
e
r,
E
quat
io
n
(17)
is al
so
in
de
penden
t
of the
acti
ve user
s’ data
, c
onseq
ue
ntly
. Th
erm
al
n
oise
is give
n
as;
〈
ℎ
2
〉
=
4
(18)
Fr
om
Eq
s
. (1
4), (1
5)
,
and
(
16)
, th
e
SN
R
for t
he pr
opos
e
d Se
Q
-
A
c
ode ca
n be
def
i
ned as;
=
[
ℜ
[
−
1
]
]
2
[
2
ℜ
]
[
3
+
1
]
+
ℜ
[
2
2
Δ
]
[
3
+
1
]
+
4
(19)
The
Bi
t Er
r
or
Ra
te
(
BER
)
ca
n be
ob
ta
ine
d a
s;
=
1
2
(
√
8
)
(20)
Table
2
s
how
s
the
ty
pical
par
am
et
er
fo
r
theor
et
ic
al
al
gorithm
fo
r
the
pro
pose
d
SeQ
co
de
i
n
com
par
ison wi
th ex
ist
in
g
c
od
e.
Table
2.
Ty
pic
al
p
aram
et
ers
f
or the
or
et
ic
al
c
al
culat
ion
s
Para
m
eter
Valu
e
Electr
o
n
’s cha
rge
e
=
1
.60
2
1
7
6
4
6
×
1
0
-
19
co
u
lo
m
b
s
PD qu
an
tu
m
η
=
0
.75
Electr
i
cal ban
d
wid
th
B = 80
M
Hz
Bo
ltz
m
an
n
con
stan
t
K
b
= 1.3
8
×10
-
23
W
/K/Hz
Receiv
er
n
o
ise
T
n
= 30
0
K
Receiv
er
lo
ad
r
esis
to
r
R
L
=
10
3
0
Ω
Data tran
s
m
iss
io
n
r
ate
R
b
= 15
5
M
b
p
s
Bro
ad
b
an
d
line wid
th
Δλ
= 3.7
5
T
Hz
4.
RESU
LT
S
A
ND AN
ALYSIS
Fig
ure
1
s
how
s
the
perf
or
m
a
nce
of
BER
ve
rsu
s
num
ber
of
sim
ultaneou
s
us
ers
f
or
Se
Q
cod
e
(
W=
4)
,
FCC
(
W
=4
),
DCS
(
W=4)
and
MF
H
(
W
=
4),
unde
r
a
155
Mbp
s
data
bi
t
rate
and
Psr
=
-
10
dBm
,
an
d
W
=4
,
resp
ect
ively
.
The
value
of
weig
ht
eq
ual
to
f
our
is
the
ideal
weig
ht
for
eac
h
co
de
s.
BER
=1
0
-
9
is
the
ben
c
hm
ark
e
rror
flo
or
for
e
ver
y
c
ode.
At
BER
=1
0
-
9,
the
syst
em
perform
ance
of
t
he
BER
bec
om
es
increasin
gly
de
gr
a
de
d
as
the
nu
m
ber
of
sim
ultaneo
us
us
e
r
s
increases
.
Se
Q
co
de
(
W
=
4)
capab
il
it
y
to
s
upport
190
nu
m
ber
s
of
sim
ultaneou
s
u
sers
was
higher
tha
n
th
os
e
achieve
d
by
F
CC
(
W
=4
),
D
CS
(
W
=
4)
a
nd
MFH
(
W
=
4).
It
can
be
seen
that,
F
CC
(
W
=4
)
wa
s
able
to
support
14
0
us
e
rs,
DCS
(
W=4)
c
an
accom
m
od
at
e
90
us
ers
,
w
her
ea
s
MFH
(
W=4)
c
an
sup
port
on
l
y
20
sim
ultane
ou
s
us
e
rs.
Sinc
e
each
co
de
se
qu
e
nce
wa
s
as
sign
e
d
to
sp
eci
fic
BE
R=
10
-
9
e
rror
flo
or
,
t
he
car
di
nalit
y
of
SeQ
cod
e
s
howe
d
resp
ect
ive
im
pro
vem
ents
of
35
%
,
111%
a
nd
85
0%
com
par
ed
w
it
h
tho
se
of
the
FCC
(
W
=
4),DC
S
(
W
=
4)
an
d
MFH
(
W=
4)
cod
e
s.
T
hese
r
esults
rev
eal
e
d
that S
eQ
co
de
e
nh
a
nc
es the p
e
rform
anc
e o
f
t
he OCDM
A
syst
em
than
o
the
r
e
xisti
ng
c
odes due to
th
e
arr
a
ng
em
ent of
code alg
ori
th
m
an
d
flexi
bili
ty
cro
ss
-
co
rr
el
at
ion
(0 an
d 1)
ro
le
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Perf
orma
nce e
nhanceme
nt
of
OCDMA
syste
m ba
se
d o
n
se
quential
algorit
hm (SeQ)
code
(
C. A. S.
Fa
zli
na
)
835
Figure
1. BER
ver
s
us
num
ber
of sim
ultaneous u
se
rs for
SeQ
code
(
W
=
4), FC
C (
W
=
4),
D
CS (
W=4) a
nd
MFH
(
W
=
4)
Fig
ur
e
2
prese
nts
the
plo
ts
be
tween
perf
orm
ances
of
BE
R
ver
s
us
t
he
fi
ber
le
ng
t
h
of
SeQ
c
od
e
f
or
155
M
bp
s
,
622
Mb
ps
,
1
G
bps
a
nd
2
G
bps
bit
rates
am
ong
t
he
th
ree
nu
m
ber
of
us
e
rs.
F
r
om
the
resu
lt
ob
ta
ine
d,
at
th
e
com
m
un
ic
at
i
on
er
ror
fl
oor
BER
=
10
-
09,
the
bit
rate
155
Mb
ps
by
S
eQ
c
od
e
sho
w
s
the
excell
ent
pe
rfo
rm
ance
con
tras
t
with
622
M
bps,
1
G
bps
an
d
2
G
bps.
Wh
e
r
eas,
at
bit
rate
155
Mb
ps
ca
pa
ble
to
reach
at
70
km
fibe
r
le
ngth
.
I
n
c
om
par
ison
with
622
M
bps,
1
G
bps
a
nd
2
Gbps
the
ac
hievem
ent
are
40
km
,
30 k
m
an
d 2
0 k
m
, r
especti
vel
y. In O
C
DMA
,
the S
e
Q
c
ode
perform
s su
ff
ic
ie
ntly
f
or 70
km
f
iber
le
ng
t
h for
bit
rate
155
Mb
ps
at
thres
ho
l
d
B
ER
=
10
-
09. I
t
is
obviously
m
on
it
ore
d
via
ey
e
diag
ram
sh
owed
,
at
15
5
M
bp
s
the
ey
e
diagr
am
pro
duced
a
bigg
er
ey
e
openi
ng
betwee
n
to
p
a
nd
bott
om
le
vel.
The
pea
k
of
ey
e
openi
ng
at
the
certai
n
ti
m
e
interval
il
lustrate
s
the
noise
m
arg
in
or
im
m
un
it
y
to
noise
.
Whereas,
i
n
co
ntra
st
with
62
2
Mb
ps
,
1
Gbps
an
d
2
G
bp
s
pr
ese
nts
the
m
or
e
increase
bit
rate
m
or
e
ey
e
diag
ra
m
beco
m
e
cl
os
er
the
m
or
e
t
ough
t
o
disti
nguish
am
ongs
t
the
on
es
and
ze
ro
s
i
n
the
sig
nal.
Fro
m
this
per
f
orm
ance,
the
Se
Q
co
de
at
bit
r
at
e
155
Mbp
s
a
ble
ef
f
ect
ively
el
i
m
inate
and
s
uppre
ssed
the
pro
du
ced
P
IIN
a
nd
MAI
for
the
S
AC
-
OCDM
A
cod
i
ng
syst
e
m
.
Figure
2. Per
f
orm
ance o
f
BE
R against
fibe
r l
eng
th
(km
)
of
SeQ
c
ode
(
W
=
4) for
d
if
fer
e
nt
b
it
r
at
es
5.
CONCL
US
I
O
N
In
this
pap
e
r,
a
new
c
od
e
r
e
ferred
as
Se
qu
entia
l
Algorith
m
(S
eQ)
c
od
e
was
pro
posed
fo
r
Op
ti
cal
Cod
e
Divisio
n
Mult
iple
Acce
ss
(O
C
DMA
).The
perform
ance
of
t
he
OC
D
MA
syst
e
m
with
SeQ
c
ode
ha
s
bee
n
evaluate
d
via
ut
il
iz
ing
analy
ti
cal
analy
sis
an
d
s
of
t
war
e
by
Op
ti
syst
em
.
The
al
go
rithm
of
Se
Q
c
ode
de
velo
p
t
o
enh
a
nce
t
he
im
pact
of
cro
s
s
–
co
rr
el
at
io
n
t
hat
ha
d
been
presente
d
in
OC
DMA.
At
er
r
or
flo
or
BER
=
10
-
09,
SeQ
co
de
can
accom
m
od
at
e
190
num
ber
of
us
ers
the
pe
rfor
m
ance
of
BE
R
was
excell
en
t
a
m
on
g
200
num
ber
of
us
ers
wh
ic
h
are
the
la
rg
es
t
nu
m
ber
of
use
rs
in
com
par
i
so
n
FCC
(
W
=
4),
DCS
(
W=
4)
an
d
MFH
(
W=4).
1
.
E
-4
5
1
.
E
-4
1
1
.
E
-3
7
1
.
E
-3
3
1
.
E
-2
9
1
.
E
-2
5
1
.
E
-2
1
1
.
E
-1
7
1
.
E
-1
3
1
.
E
-0
9
1
.
E
-0
5
1
.
E
-0
1
0
20
40
60
80
1
0
0
1
2
0
1
4
0
1
6
0
1
8
0
2
0
0
BER
N
u
m
b
er of
si
m
u
l
t
an
eo
u
s
U
s
ers
,
K
SeQ
Co
d
e
(W
=4
)
FCC
(W
=4
)
D
CS (W
=4
)
MFH
(W
=4
)
1.00E-19
1.00E-15
1.00E-11
1.00E-07
1.00E-03
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
BER
L
e
n
gth
of fibe
r,
km
SeQ
c
ode
(
W
=4)
155 Mbps
SeQ
c
ode
(
W
=4)
622 Mbps
1
G
b
p
s
2
G
b
p
s
1
5
5
Mb
p
s
6
2
2
M
b
p
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
1
3
, N
o.
2
,
Fe
bru
ary
201
9
:
8
3
1
–
8
3
6
836
SeQ
c
ode
al
so
be
a
ble
to
s
upport
un
ti
l
70
km
for
bit
rate
15
5
Mbps.
F
r
om
t
he
re
su
lt
s,
t
his
SeQ
c
ode
will
giv
e
an opp
or
t
un
it
y
in O
C
DMA
syst
e
m
f
or b
et
te
r
qu
al
it
y o
f
se
rv
i
ce in
op
ti
cal
ac
cess f
or futu
re
gen
e
rati
on’s
u
s
age.
ACKN
OWLE
DGE
MENTS
Spon
s
or a
nd f
i
nan
ci
al
s
upport
ack
nowled
gme
nts ca
n be m
e
ntion
e
d he
re. 9
003
-
556
REFERE
NCE
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