Indonesi
an
Journa
l
of El
ect
ri
cal Engineer
ing
an
d
Comp
ut
er
Scie
nce
Vo
l.
10
,
No.
2
,
Ma
y
201
8
,
pp.
641~
647
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
,
DOI: 10
.11
591/
ijeecs
.
v1
0.i
2
.pp
641
-
647
641
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ia
es
core.c
om/j
ourn
als/i
ndex.
ph
p/ij
eecs
Novel M
etamate
rial Stru
ctu
re
s
with
Low L
oss at Mi
llim
eter
Wave Fr
equenc
y Range
B. A
.
F.
Esm
ai
l
1
, H
.
A.
Maji
d
2
,
S.
H. D
ah
l
an
3
, Z
. Z
. A
bi
din
4
, M.
K. A.
Rahim
5
, R.
Dew
an
6
1,2
Facul
t
y
of
Eng
ine
er
ing
T
ec
hno
l
og
y
,
Univer
si
ti
Tun
Hus
sein
On
n
Malay
si
a, Par
it Ra
j
a, Johor,
Ma
lay
s
ia
3,4
Resea
rch
Cen
t
re
for
Applie
d
E
l
ec
tromagne
ti
c
,
Univer
siti
Tun H
uss
ei
n
Onn Mal
a
y
s
ia,
Par
it
R
aj
a
,
Johor,
Mal
a
y
si
a
5
,
6
Facul
t
y
of Electrical E
ng
ine
er
i
ng,
Univer
si
ti
Teknologi
Ma
lay
si
a,
Johor
,
Ma
lay
s
ia
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
N
ov
9
, 2
01
7
Re
vised
Jan
2
2
, 201
8
Accepte
d
Fe
b
2
1
, 201
8
Two
nove
l
m
il
lim
et
er
-
wave
(M
MW
)
m
et
amate
r
ia
ls
(MTMs
)
uni
t
c
el
ls
op
era
t
e
at
28
GH
z
for
a
future
f
ift
h
generat
ion
(5G)
m
obil
e
net
work
applications
h
a
d
bee
n
d
esigne
d
,
p
rese
nte
d
and
nu
m
eri
ca
l
l
y
inve
sti
gat
ed
.
Two
MT
M
struct
ure
s
are
proposed
;
na
m
ely
the
double
E
-
shape
d
reson
at
or
(DER)
and
T
-
U
shape
d
resona
tor
(
TUSR).
Th
e
DER
a
nd
TUSR
are
c
onsists
of
a
do
uble
E
and
combin
ed
T
-
U
shape
d,
each
pr
int
ed
on
front
side
of
th
e
sub
strat
e
lay
e
r
respe
ctively
.
D
E
R
ac
h
ie
v
es
a
ba
ndwidth
of
0.
5
GH
z
and
a
ret
ur
n
loss
of
-
34
dB,
wher
ea
s
TU
SR
fea
tu
res
a
b
a
ndwidth
of
0.
3
GH
z
and
a
re
tur
n
loss
of
-
18
dB.
The c
onv
entional spli
t
r
ange
resona
tor
(SRR
) w
as
opti
m
ized t
o
oper
at
e
a
t
sim
il
ar
fre
quen
c
y
for
compari
son
purpose.
Th
e
si
m
ula
ti
on
resul
ts
rev
eale
d
tha
t
the
proposed
DE
R
and
TUSR
uni
t
ce
l
ls
ac
h
ie
ves
t
he
lowest
loss
as
opposed
t
o
li
te
r
at
ur
e
wi
th
-
0
.
09
dB
(0
.
99
in
linear
sca
l
e)
and
-
0.
23
dB
(0
.
97
in
li
ne
ar
sc
ale)
respe
ctively
.
M
ore
over
,
a
well
-
known
al
gori
th
m
was
used
to
ext
r
ac
t
the
consti
tutive
par
a
m
et
ers
and
th
e
d
ouble
n
egative
n
at
ure
of
the
two
novel
MTM
struct
ure
s
is pr
o
ven.
Ke
yw
or
d
s
:
5G
MM
W
f
reque
nc
y ran
ge
MTM
s losses
Neg
at
ive
r
e
fr
a
ct
ive
inde
x
SRR
Copyright
©
201
8
Instit
ut
e
o
f Ad
vanc
ed
Engi
n
ee
r
ing
and
S
cienc
e
.
Al
l
rights re
serv
ed
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
H
uda
A. M
aji
d
Fac
ulty
of E
ngineerin
g
T
ech
nolo
gy,
Un
i
ver
sit
i T
un
Hu
s
sei
n O
nn
Ma
la
ysi
a,
86400
Pa
rit R
aja,
Joh
or
,
Mal
ay
sia
.
Em
a
il
:
m
hu
da@
ut
hm
.ed
u.
m
y
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
MTM
s
are
arti
fici
al
m
at
erial
s
with
un
i
qu
e
re
sp
onses
to
el
ec
trom
agn
et
ic
w
ave
(
EM).
T
he
MTM
s
are
desig
ne
d
a
rb
it
r
aril
y
to
reali
ze
m
any
note
w
or
t
hy
pr
op
e
rtie
s
s
uch
as
t
he
ne
ga
ti
ve
re
fr
act
ive
ind
e
x
an
d
t
he
in
ver
s
e
Dop
pler
sh
ift
du
e
to
the
ne
ga
ti
ve
pe
rm
itti
vity
a
nd
pe
rm
ea
bili
ty
[1
]
.
I
n
19
67,
t
hese
unnat
ur
al
pro
per
ti
es
of
t
he
m
at
erial
wer
e
pro
ven
the
oret
ic
al
ly
by
Ru
ssian
sci
entist
Ves
el
ago
an
d
im
pl
e
m
ented
i
n
t
he
exp
e
rim
ental
l
y
sta
ge
by
Pend
ry
in
1998.
[2,3
]
.
E
xp
e
rim
ental
resu
lt
s
by
Pe
ndr
y
dep
ic
ti
ng
ne
w
phe
no
m
ena
and
f
ound
nu
m
ero
us
app
li
cat
io
ns
f
or
these
a
rtific
ia
l
m
at
erial
s
su
ch
as
the
cl
oa
king
phe
no
m
ena
[
4],
perfect
abs
orber
s
[
5]
and
t
o
enh
a
nce
the
pe
rfor
m
ance
an
d m
iniat
ur
ise
the
ante
nn
a
[
6
-
8]. I
n
the
li
te
rature,
se
ver
al
te
c
hniq
ues
a
nd p
r
oc
esses
had
bee
n
usd
t
o
in
ve
sti
gate
a
nd
e
nhance
t
he
MTM
s.
H
ow
e
ver,
the
perfor
m
ance
of
t
he
MTM
s
su
f
fer
f
ro
m
its
narrow
band
width
a
nd
in
her
e
nt
MTM
s
loss
es
that
lim
it
s
t
heir
s
pectr
um
app
li
cat
io
ns
an
d
la
te
ena
ble
MTM
s
base
d dev
ic
es.
At
a
hi
gh
-
f
re
quency range
s
uc
h
as
m
il
l
i
m
e
ter
wa
ve
(MM
W
)
ba
nd,
MTM
s ex
pe
rience h
i
gh
losse
s
[
9]
wh
e
reas,
the
l
osse
s
a
re v
e
ry
l
ow
a
nd
the
u
ni
qu
e
el
ect
r
om
agn
et
ic
pr
op
e
rtie
s
of
the
MTM
s
can
sti
ll
be
ac
hieve
d
within
the
m
ic
r
ow
a
ve
ba
nd.
T
he
l
os
ses
gi
ves
neg
at
ive
in
flue
nces
a
nd
a
dver
se
ef
fects
t
ow
a
rd
the
reali
zat
ion
s
of
the
e
xtra
ordina
ry
EM
pr
op
e
rtie
s
of
the
MTM
s.
He
nce,
the
in
tro
du
ct
io
n
of
novel
MTM
struc
tures
wit
h
l
ow
lo
s
s
is hig
hly dem
and
e
d
t
o
e
nab
le
MTM
s b
ase
d d
evices, es
pecia
ll
y at
the h
ig
h
-
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
rang
e.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
10
, N
o.
2
,
Ma
y
2018
:
641
–
647
642
In
the
li
te
ratur
e
,
se
ver
al
possi
bl
e
strat
egies
f
or
ove
r
com
ing
t
he
issue
of
high
losses
i
n
MTM
s
ha
d
be
e
n
pro
po
se
d
s
uc
h
as
the
ta
il
or
ing
ge
om
et
ry
of
MTM
s
unit
cel
l
[1
0,1
1],
e
xh
i
bit
el
ect
rom
agn
et
ic
al
ly
i
nduce
d
trans
par
e
ncy
(
EIT)
ph
e
nom
e
na
[
12
]
,
usi
ng
act
ive
dev
ic
es
[13].
O
n
t
he
ot
her
ha
nd,
the
avail
abili
ty
of
wid
e
band
width,
hi
gh
sp
ee
d
a
nd
hig
h
ca
pacit
y
of
MM
W
ba
nd
m
ake
it
as
a
su
it
able
c
hoic
e
for
m
any
ap
plica
ti
on
s
su
c
h
as
in
the
gig
a
bit
wi
reless
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
s
,
im
aging
s
ens
or
s,
a
nd
de
ep
s
pace
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
s
[
14,
15
]
.
These
a
dvanta
ges
m
ake
this
band
as
the
be
st
can
di
date
f
or
5G
cel
lular
ne
tworks
by
e
xploit
ing
the
e
norm
ou
s
a
m
ou
nt
of s
pec
trum
to
gr
eat
ly
incr
ease
co
m
m
un
ic
at
ion
cap
aci
ty
[1
6].
In
this
pa
per
,
t
wo
novel
MT
Ms
structu
res
are
desi
gn
e
d,
i
nv
e
sti
gated
a
nd
sim
ulate
d
at
28
G
Hz.
T
he
Sp
li
t
Ri
ng
Re
s
on
at
or
(
SRR
)
unit
c
el
l
is
opti
m
iz
ed
at
the
sa
m
e
fr
e
quency
to
c
om
par
e
t
he
r
esults.
T
he
pr
opose
d
DER
a
nd
TU
SR
struct
ur
es
sh
ow
a
ve
ry
high
perform
a
nce
tha
n
t
he
conve
ntion
al
SRR
struct
ur
e
at
the
corres
pondin
g fr
e
qu
e
ncy
re
gio
ns
by
pro
vid
i
ng the
highest t
ran
sm
issi
on
pe
ak,
21
, as
re
porte
d
i
n
t
he
li
te
ratu
re.
More
ver,
t
he
ne
w
struc
ture
s
c
an
be
us
ed
t
o
ti
lt
the
m
ai
n
bea
m
of
th
e
5G
a
nt
enn
a
by
loa
ding
t
he
no
vel
unit
cel
ls
on the
substrat
e of the
an
te
nna to
pro
du
ce
di
ff
e
ren
t
values
of
re
fr
act
ive
in
dex.
2.
RESEA
R
CH MET
HO
D
2.1
Design
o
f
Th
e
Novel
MTM
S
tructure
s
The
c
onfig
urat
ion
of
the
DE
R
and
T
US
R
unit
cel
ls
are
s
ho
w
n
i
n
F
i
gure
1(
a
)
a
nd
(
b).
D
ER
unit
cel
l
consi
sts
of
double
E
-
sh
a
pe
d
a
t
the
f
r
on
t
face
of
the
str
uctu
r
e.
T
he
T
-
s
hap
e
an
d
U
-
sh
a
pe
a
re
c
om
bin
ed
t
o
f
or
m
TUS
R
unit
cel
l.
Th
e
in
duct
anc
e
an
d
ca
pacit
an
ce
eff
ect
has
be
en
int
rod
uced
by
the
cl
os
e
d
s
quare
lo
op
s
an
d
gaps
of
the
tw
o
M
TM
str
uctur
e
s,
res
pecti
vely
.
The
res
on
a
nt
char
act
e
risti
c
of
the
tw
o
M
TM
str
uctur
e
s
can
be
con
t
ro
ll
ed
b
y
pro
per ar
rangem
ent of t
hese tw
o param
te
rs.
Figure
1. Me
ta
m
at
erial
Stru
ct
ur
e
of the
a)
Propose
d
DER
U
nit
cel
l b)
P
rop
os
e
d
T
US
R
Unit
Cel
l
c)
Co
nventio
na
l
SRR
U
nit Ce
ll
with
Dim
ensi
on
s
of
X=
3.6,Y=
3.7,X1=
3.
3,Y1
=
3.4,
U=
0.25,
W
=
0.2 a
nd
G=
0.1.All
the
Dim
ension
in
m
m
.
Fo
r
c
om
par
iso
n
pur
pose,
SRR
un
it
cel
l
is
i
ntr
oduce
d
an
d
dep
ic
te
d
i
n
F
ig
ur
e
1(
c
).
T
he
DER,
T
USR
and
co
nventi
onal
SRR
are
c
on
structed
on
the
su
bst
rate
(R
og
ers
RT
5880)
w
it
h
a
thic
kn
es
s
of
0.2
54
m
m
,
relat
ive
per
m
it
t
ivit
y
2.
2
a
nd
a
ta
ngent
loss
of
0.0
009.
Table
1
s
hows
the
pa
ram
et
ers
dim
ension
s
of
the
tw
o
ne
w
de
signs
and
t
he
opti
m
i
ze
d
SRR
dim
e
ns
io
ns
are
desc
ribe
d
in
the
ca
ption
of
F
ig
ur
e
1(
c
).
T
he
loss
y
m
et
a
l
cop
pe
r
is
the
m
et
al
l
ic
la
ye
r
of
the
t
hr
ee
st
r
uctu
res
with
t
he
thickne
ss
of
0.035
m
m
.
The
ports
an
d
bo
unda
ry
conditi
on
s
a
re
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Novel
Meta
ma
t
eri
al S
tr
ucture
s wi
th L
ow Los
s a
t Mi
ll
imet
er
Wave
…
(
B.
A.
F.
E
sm
ail
)
643
assigne
d
to
ex
ci
te
the
EM
w
ave
a
nd
t
o
e
xt
ract
the
ef
fecti
ve
c
onsti
tuti
ve
pa
ram
et
ers
of
the
pr
opos
e
d
un
it
-
cel
ls.The
perfe
ct
m
agn
et
ic
co
nductin
g
(
PM
C)
a
nd
the
pe
rfec
t
el
ect
ric
condu
ct
in
g
(P
EC
)
bounda
ry
co
nd
it
ion
s
are a
ppli
ed
alo
ng the
X
-
a
nd
Y
-
a
xis,
r
es
pect
ively
. T
he
tw
o wav
e
guide
por
ts are
locate
d
i
n
t
he
z
-
directi
on.
T
he
CST
Mi
crowa
ve
Stu
dio
base
d
fi
nite
integrat
ion
te
c
hn
i
qu
e
ha
d
bee
n
us
e
d
to
sim
ulate
th
e
t
hr
ee
MTM
str
uc
ture
s
in the tim
e d
om
ai
n
so
lve
r.
Table
1.
T
he
DER
and T
US
R
Dim
ension
s
at
28 GHz
DER un
it cell
TUSR un
it cell
Para
m
eter
Valu
e (
m
m
)
Para
m
eter
Valu
e (
m
m
)
X
3
.4
X
3
.4
Y
3
.5
Y
3
.5
Y1
2
.6
X1
3
Y2
0
.77
Y1
2
.1
X1
1
.6
W
0
.25
W
0
.25
G
0
.35
G
0
.35
3.
NUMER
IC
A
L RES
ULTS
AND DIS
C
USSION
3.1
Ret
u
rn L
os
s
The
im
ple
m
ent
at
ion
o
f
t
he
tw
o
new
MTM
struct
ur
es
a
nd
th
e
co
nv
e
ntio
nal SRR
unit
cel
l
that
oper
at
e
at
MM
W
f
requen
cy
ra
ng
e
is
desc
ribe
d
i
n
t
his
sect
io
n
i
n
te
rm
s
of
the
r
eflect
ion
c
oe
ffi
ci
ent.
The
tw
o
new
structu
res
are
pro
po
se
d
to
operate
at
28
GH
z
band
w
hi
ch
is
t
he
ca
ndidate
ba
nd
f
or
5G
te
ch
nolo
gy.T
he
conve
ntion
al
S
RR
is
op
ti
m
ized
to
ope
rate
at
the
sam
e
frequ
e
ncy
for
th
e
com
par
iso
n
pur
po
se
.
T
he
r
et
urn
loss,
11
of
the
DE
R
an
d
T
US
R
a
nd
SRR
un
it
ce
ll
s
is
re
veale
d
i
n
Fig
ur
e
2.
It
c
an
be
see
n
that
the
DER
unit
c
el
l
achieves
the
be
st
re
flect
ion
c
oe
ff
ic
ie
nt
an
d
ba
ndwidt
h
over
oth
e
r
unit
cel
ls
wh
e
re
the
re
fle
ct
ion
coe
ff
ic
ie
nt
was
-
34
dB
with
a
band
width
of
0.5
G
Hz
at
28
G
Hz.
O
n
the
ot
he
r
ha
nd,
t
he
pr
opos
e
d
T
U
SR
and
the
c
onve
nt
ion
al
SRR
unit
cel
ls
intr
oduce
a
band
width
of
0.3
G
Hz
a
nd
0.14
GH
z
,
res
pecti
vely
.
In
c
om
par
ison
with
t
he
conve
ntion
al
S
RR
,
our
pro
posed
struct
ur
e
s
pr
ese
nt
bette
r
r
esults
desp
it
e
the
c
omm
on
dr
awb
ac
k
of
t
he
narr
ow
band
width o
f M
TMs.
Figure
2. Re
fle
ct
ion
C
oeffici
ents
,
11
of the
P
ropo
s
ed
DER
and T
US
R a
nd
C
onve
ntion
al
S
RR
Un
it
Cel
ls
3.2
Low L
os
s
M
T
Ms
The
MTM
los
ses
is
a
great
chall
enge
in
t
he
real
e
nv
ir
onm
ent
du
e
to
it
s
app
li
cat
io
ns
lim
it
a
ti
on
s,
especial
ly
at
hi
gh
f
reque
ncy
range.
T
he
l
o
s
ses
in
MTM
s
at
MM
W
fr
e
quency
ra
nge
a
r
e
a
big
issue
a
nd
the
seekin
g
for
a
l
ow
-
loss
str
uctu
re
at
this
range
is
highly
dem
and
e
d
t
o
e
nab
l
e
the
MTM
s
ba
sed
de
vices.
I
n
this
su
bse
ct
ion,
t
he
losses
of
t
he
pro
po
se
d
a
nd
the
co
nve
ntional
MTM
struct
ur
es
at
28
G
H
z
are
a
naly
zed
an
d
nu
m
erical
ly
in
vestigat
ed
.
Th
e
insertio
n
loss
(
21
)
is
us
e
d
to
m
e
asur
e
t
he
losse
s
of
t
he
MTM
s
tructu
res.
For
lo
w
loss,
the
nea
r
zero
(0)
dB
in
(d
B
scal
e
)
or
near
one
(
1)
i
n
(linea
r
scal
e
)
of
the
tr
ans
m
issi
on
pea
k
i
s
highly
25
26
27
28
29
30
-
3
5
-
3
0
-
2
5
-
2
0
-
1
5
-
1
0
-5
0
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
i
n
(
G
H
z
)
S
1
1
S
R
R
D
E
R
T
U
S
R
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
10
, N
o.
2
,
Ma
y
2018
:
641
–
647
644
dem
and
ed
at
th
e
des
i
red
fr
e
quency.
Fig
ur
e
3
disp
la
ys
t
he
t
ra
ns
m
issi
on
c
oeffici
ents,
21
,
of
the
pro
pose
d
DE
R
and T
US
R
un
it
cell
s and the
c
onve
ntion
al
S
RR
stru
ct
ure.
As
can
be
seen
f
ro
m
F
ig
ure
3,
the
lo
ss
i
n
the
pr
opos
e
d
DE
R
unit
cel
l
is
r
el
at
ively
sm
a
ller
due
to
th
e
pro
per
ge
om
et
r
ic
al
arr
an
gem
e
nt
w
her
e
it
achieves
-
0.0
9
dB
(
0.99
i
n
li
nea
r
s
cal
e).
T
his
sho
ws
that
t
he
pr
opose
d
un
it
c
el
l
achie
ves
nea
rly
the
fu
ll
tr
ansm
issio
n
at
t
he
res
on
ant
fr
e
quency,
28
GH
z
.
Othe
r
wise,
the
T
USR
unit
cel
l
introd
uces
a
loss
of
-
0.2
3
dB
(0.97
in
li
ne
ar
sc
al
e).
T
he
D
ER
a
nd
T
USR
unit
cel
ls
pre
sent
t
he
l
ow
e
st
loss
in
com
par
is
on
with
the
rece
nt
li
te
ratur
e
[17].
H
ow
e
ve
r,
t
he
highest
los
s
is
pro
du
ce
d
by
th
e
co
nv
e
ntio
nal
SRR
wh
ic
h
is a
ppr
oxim
a
te
ly
-
1
dB
(0.
9
in
li
near s
cal
e).
Figure
3. Tra
nsm
issi
on
Coe
ff
i
ci
ents
,
21
of
P
rop
os
e
d
D
ER a
nd
TUS
R a
nd
C
onve
ntio
nal
SR
R
Un
it
Cel
ls
The
co
ns
ti
tuti
ve
pa
ram
et
ers
ar
e
retrie
ved
us
in
g
t
he
rob
us
t
m
et
hod
as
descr
i
be
d
i
n
[18].
I
n
t
hi
s
m
et
ho
d,
the
eff
e
ct
ive
re
fr
act
ive
i
nd
e
x
and
t
he
im
ped
anc
e
are
first
ob
ta
ine
d
from
the
extracte
d
c
om
plex
ref
le
ct
ion
and tra
ns
m
issio
n coe
ff
ic
ie
nts as follo
ws:
=
√
(
1
+
11
)
2
−
21
2
(
1
−
11
)
2
−
21
2
(1)
=
21
1
−
11
−
1
+
1
(2)
The ref
racti
ve i
nd
e
x
is
giv
e
n by
=
1
[
{
[
ln
(
)
]
+
2
}
−
[
Re
(
ln
(
)
)
]
]
(3)
Wh
e
re
the
wave
num
ber
an
d
is
is
the
thic
kness
of
th
e
MT
M
struct
ur
e.
is
the
refract
ive
ind
e
x;
z
is
the
im
ped
ance
a
nd
is
th
e
branc
h
of
th
e
sin
us
oi
dal
f
un
ct
io
n
pe
rio
di
ci
ty
.
Then
the
pe
rm
i
tt
ivity
and
per
m
eabil
it
y c
an be cal
c
ulate
d
as
foll
ows:
=
(4)
μ
=
n
×
z
(5)
Figure
4
dep
ic
t
s
the
real
pa
rts
of
the
re
fr
act
i
ve
in
dex,
of
the
pro
po
se
d
D
ER,
T
US
R,
an
d
co
nv
e
ntio
nal
SRR
un
it
cel
ls.
The
do
ub
le
ne
gative
nat
ur
e
i
s
ver
ifie
d
he
re
by
the
ne
gativ
e
r
efr
act
i
ve
inde
x,
at
the
28
G
Hz
for
al
l
thr
ee
-
unit
cel
ls.
The
neg
at
ive
is
the
m
os
t
interest
i
ng
cl
asses
of
MTM
s
due
to
the
po
s
sibil
it
y
of
25
26
27
28
29
30
-
2
5
-
2
0
-
1
5
-
1
0
-5
0
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
i
n
(
G
H
z
)
S
2
1
S
R
R
D
E
R
T
U
S
R
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Novel
Meta
ma
t
eri
al S
tr
ucture
s wi
th L
ow Los
s a
t Mi
ll
imet
er
Wave
…
(
B.
A.
F.
E
sm
ail
)
645
diffracti
on
unlim
i
te
d
im
aging
.
W
e
discuss
the
ne
gative
refract
ive
i
nd
e
x
i
n
t
he
ra
ng
e
o
f
25
t
o
30
GH
z
a
s
disp
la
ye
d
i
n
F
i
gure
4.
It
is
obser
ve
d
that
th
e
TUS
R
un
it
c
el
l
pr
esents
t
w
o
re
gions
of
ne
gative
belo
w
an
d
above
t
he
28
G
Hz
wh
il
e
t
he
D
ER
struct
ur
e
di
sp
la
ys
re
gion
of
neg
at
ive
ab
ove
the
re
sona
nt
fr
e
quency
.
On
the
oth
e
r han
d, the
n
e
gat
ive
area
is ab
ov
e
the
28
GHz fo
r
SRR
un
it
cell
.
Figure
4. Re
al
Parts Ref
racti
ve
Ind
e
x
of
P
ropo
s
ed
DER
and T
US
R a
nd
C
onve
ntion
al
S
RR
Un
it
Cel
ls
4.
CONCL
US
I
O
N
In
c
oncl
us
i
on,
two
novel
MT
M
structu
res
w
hich
a
re
DER
and
TU
SR
are
desig
ne
d
an
d
num
erical
l
y
inv
est
igate
d
at
28
G
Hz
w
hich
is
the
can
did
at
e
band
for
5G
m
ob
il
e
netwo
r
k
ap
plica
ti
on
s
.
The
SRR
unit
cel
l
is
op
ti
m
iz
ed
to
operate
at
the
sa
m
e
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
f
or
com
par
iso
n
pur
po
se
.
T
he
DER,
TU
SR
a
nd
SRR
cel
ls
present
band
width
of
0.5 G
Hz
,
0.3 GHz
an
d
0.14
GHz,
resp
ect
iv
el
y.
More
ov
e
r,
D
ER
an
d
T
USR
prov
i
de
lo
w
loss
by
-
0.0
9
dB
(
0.99
in
li
near
scal
e)
and
-
0.23
dB
(
0.97
i
n l
inear
s
cal
e), res
pecti
ve
ly
in
com
par
i
so
n
with
SRR
wh
e
re
the loss
is
-
1 d
B (0
.
9
in
li
near scal
e).
I
n
a
dd
i
ti
on
, the
do
ub
l
e n
egati
ve
nat
ure o
f
the
t
wo
novel MTM
str
uc
tures
and
c
onve
ntio
nal
SRR
unit
cel
l
is
pro
ve
n
us
in
g
a
well
-
know
n
al
gorith
m
wh
ere
t
he
r
eal
par
ts
of
t
he
are
neg
at
ive
at
the
res
ona
nt
fr
e
quency.
The
pro
pose
d
unit
cel
ls
can
be
loa
de
d
to
t
he
5G
a
nten
na
to
ste
er
the
m
ai
n
beam
.
ACKN
OWLE
DGE
MENTS
This
work
wa
s
sup
ported
by
Mi
nistry
of
Higher
E
du
c
at
ion
(MO
HE),
Fac
ulty
of
En
gin
eer
i
ng
Tech
no
l
og
y,
R
esearch
Ce
nter
of
Applie
d
El
ect
ro
m
agn
et
ic
s,
U
niv
er
sit
i
Tun
H
us
sei
n
O
nn
Ma
la
ysi
a
(U
THM
)
unde
r Gra
nt (V
ote No:
GP
P
S
U73
5
/ FR
GS
1614)
.
REFERE
NCE
S
[1]
Y
Fan,
T
Qi
ao,
F
Zha
ng,
Q
Fu,
J
Dong,
B
Ko
ng,
H
Li.
"
An
el
e
ct
rom
agne
t
ic
m
odula
tor
base
d
on
elec
tr
ica
l
l
y
cont
rollabl
e
m
etam
at
erial
analog
ue
to
e
le
c
tromag
net
i
ca
l
l
y
indu
ced t
ran
spar
ency
"
.
Sci
en
ti
fic
report
s
.
2017;7.
[2]
VG
Vesel
ago.
"
The
e
lectr
od
y
na
m
ic
s
of
subs
ta
nce
s
with
sim
ulta
neousl
y
negativ
e
va
lu
es
of
and
μ
"
.
Sovi
e
t
physi
cs
uspek
hi
.
vo
l.
196
8
;
10(4):
509
.
[3]
JB
Pendr
y
,
et
al.
"Low
fre
qu
ency
p
la
sm
ons
in
th
in
-
wire
stru
ct
ure
s.
Journal
of
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ysic
s:
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d
Matt
er
.
1998
;
10(22):
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[4]
R
K
Dash,
SK
Sa
hu,
CS
Mishra
,
K
Sethi
,
G
Pal
ai,
S
Sahu.
"Rea
li
z
at
ion
of
‘non
-
li
n
ea
r
invi
sibi
li
t
y
c
l
oak’
using
m
et
a
-
m
at
eri
a
l
”
.
Opti
k
-
Inte
rnational
Jo
urnal
for Light a
nd
Elec
tron
Opti
cs
.
2016
;
31;
12
7(20):
9635
-
9
.
[5]
Zhu
J,
D
Li,
S
Y
an,
Y
C
ai
,
QH
L
iu,
T
L
in.
"
Tunable
m
ic
rowave
m
et
amate
ri
al
abs
orbe
rs
us
ing
var
ac
tor
-
loa
ded
spl
i
t
loops
”
.
EP
L (
Eu
rophysics
Letters
)
.
2015
;
21;
112
(5):
54002.
[6]
PK
Singhal
,
B
G
arg
.
"
Design
and
Charact
er
izati
o
n
of
Com
pac
t
Mi
cro
strip
Pat
ch
A
nte
nna
Us
ing"
S
pli
t
R
ing
"
Shape
d
Meta
m
at
er
ia
l
Str
uct
ure
“
.
Inte
rnat
ional
Journal
of
El
e
ct
rica
l
&
Co
mputer
Engi
n
ee
r
ing
(
IJE
CE)
.
20
12
;
1;
2(5).
25
26
27
28
29
30
-
2
0
-
1
5
-
1
0
-5
0
5
10
15
20
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
i
n
(
G
H
z
)
R
e
a
l
r
e
f
r
a
c
t
i
v
e
i
n
d
e
x
S
R
R
D
E
R
T
U
S
R
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
10
, N
o.
2
,
Ma
y
2018
:
641
–
647
646
[7]
R
Raj
n
i,
G
Kau
r,
A
"
Marwaha.
Met
amate
r
ia
l
I
nspired
Pa
tc
h
A
nte
nna
for
ISM
Band
b
y
Addi
ng
Single
-
Lay
e
r
Com
ple
m
ent
ar
y
Split
Ring
Reso
nat
ors.
"
Int
ernat
iona
l
Journal
o
f
El
e
ct
rica
l
and
Computer
Engi
n
ee
ring
(
IJE
CE)
.
2015
;
1;
5(6):
13
28
-
35
.
[8]
A
Dadga
rpour,
B
Za
rghooni
,
B
S
Virde
e,
TA
Denidni
.
"
Im
pr
ovement
of
ga
i
n
and
eleva
ti
on
ti
lt
angle
usin
g
m
et
amate
ri
al
loading
f
or
m
il
l
imete
r
-
wave
applic
a
ti
ons
".
IE
EE
Antennas
and
Wireless
Propagati
on
Lett
ers
.
2016
;
15:
418
-
20
.
[9]
KL
Tsakmakid
is,
MS
W
ar
ta
k
,
JJ
Cook,
JM
Ham
m
,
O
Hess
.
"
Ne
gat
iv
e
-
per
m
ea
b
ilit
y
elec
tromagn
e
ti
c
al
l
y
indu
ce
d
tra
nspare
n
t and m
agne
ti
c
al
l
y
a
ctive
m
etam
at
er
ia
l
s.
"
,
Phy
si
cal
Revie
w
B
.
27;81(19
):195128,
Ma
y
2
010.
[10]
Y.
Fan,
Z.
W
ei
,
H.
Li,
H.
Chen
,
CM
.
Soukoulis.
"
Low
-
loss
and
h
igh
-
Q
pla
n
ar
m
e
ta
m
at
er
ia
l
with
t
oroida
l
m
om
ent
"
.
Phy
sica
l
R
evie
w
B
.
2013
;
15;
87(
11):
115417
.
[11]
BAF
Esm
ai
l,
HA
Maji
d,
ZZ
Abid
i
n,
SH
Dahla
n,
MK
A
Rahi
m
.
"Rec
onfigura
bl
e
Met
amate
ri
al
Stru
ct
u
re
at
Mill
i
m
et
er
W
ave
Frequ
ency
Rang
e
"
.
Int
ernati
onal
Journal
o
f
E
le
c
tric
al
and
C
omputer
Eng
ineering
(
IJE
C
E)
.
2
017
;
7(6)
:
2942
-
2949.
[12]
Z
W
ei
,
X
Li,
N
Zhong,
X
Tan,
X
Zh
ang,
H
Li
u,
H
Meng,
R
Li
ang
.
“
Anal
ogue
e
le
c
troma
gnet
i
ca
l
l
y
indu
c
ed
tra
nspare
n
c
y
b
ase
d
on
low
-
loss
m
et
amate
ri
al
an
d
it
s
appl
i
cation
in
na
nosensor
an
d
slow
-
li
ght
dev
ic
e
"
.
P
lasmonics
.
2016;
11;
3(12):
641
-
7.
[13]
AD
Boardman,
VV
Grim
al
sk
y
,
YS
Kivshar,
SV
Kos
hevay
a,
M
L
api
ne
,
NM
L
it
ch
i
nit
ser
,
VN
Mal
nev,
M
Nogino
v
,
YG
Rapoport
,
V
M
Shala
ev
.
"
Act
i
ve
and
tuna
b
le
m
et
amate
ri
al
s"
.
Las
er
&
Phot
onic
s
R
evie
ws
.
201
1
;
8;
5(2):
287
-
307
.
[14]
P
W
ang,
Y
Li
,
L
Song,
B
Vuce
ti
c
.
"
Multi
-
gig
ab
it
m
il
li
m
e
te
r
wa
ve
wire
l
ess
comm
unic
at
ions
for
5G:
From
fi
xed
ac
c
ess
to ce
l
lula
r
net
works
".
I
EEE
Comm
unic
at
io
ns Magazine
.
20
15
;
53(1):
168
-
7
8.
[15]
A
El
boushi,
A
Sebak.
"M
MW
sensor
for
hidd
en
t
arg
e
ts
de
te
c
ti
on
and
warn
in
g
base
d
on
r
eflec
t
ion/
sca
tt
er
ing
appr
oac
h
"
.
I
EE
E
Tr
ansacti
ons on
Antennas and P
ropagation
.
201
4
;
62(9):
4890
-
4.
[16]
Y
Niu,
Y
L
i,
D
Jin,
L
Su,
AV
Vasil
akos.
"A
surve
y
of
m
il
l
i
m
et
er
wave
(m
m
W
ave
)
comm
unic
a
ti
ons
for
5
G
:
Opportunit
ie
s
an
d
challe
ng
es
"
.
W
irel
ess Networ
ks
.
2015
;
1;
21(8):
2657
-
76
.
[17]
He
Z,
Geng
Y.
A
wide
band
lo
w
-
loss
and
sm
al
l
size
left
-
hande
d
metamate
ria
l
.
In
Com
m
unic
at
ion
T
ec
hnolo
g
y
(ICCT),
2015
IE
EE
16
th
Int
ern
a
t
iona
l
Confer
e
nc
e
on
2015
;
18
;
6
67
-
669
.
IE
EE.
[18]
X
Chen
,
TM
Gr
ze
gorc
z
y
k,
BI
W
u,
Jr
J
Pa
che
c
o,
JA
Kong.
"R
obust
m
et
hod
to
re
trieve
th
e
con
stit
uti
v
e
eff
ec
t
i
v
e
par
amete
rs
of
m
et
amat
eri
a
ls".
P
hysic
al
R
e
view E
.
2004
;
26
;
70(
1):
016608
.
BIOGR
AP
HI
ES OF
A
UTH
ORS
Bash
ar
Ali
Esmail
recei
v
ed
the
B
E
ng.
degr
e
e
in
El
e
ct
ri
ca
l
E
ngine
er
ing
(Te
l
ec
om
m
unic
a
ti
ons)
with
hono
urs
from
Ibb
Un
ive
rsit
y
-
Yem
en
,
in
2008.
He
the
n
obta
in
ed
his
M.E
ng
(
Elec
tri
c
al
Eng
ine
er
in
g)
in
2016
,
at
U
nive
rsiti
Tun
Hus
sein
Onn
Malay
sia
.
He
is
cur
ren
t
l
y
a
on
going
PhD
in
E
le
c
tri
c
al
Eng
ineeri
ng
at
El
e
ct
r
ical
Engi
n
ee
r
ing
Te
chno
lg
y
Depa
rtment,
Fa
c
ulty
o
f
Engi
ne
er
ing
Te
chno
lg
y
Univer
siti
Tun
Hus
sein
Onn
M
al
a
y
si
a.
His
rese
arc
h
in
te
rest
includes
th
e
ar
ea
s
of
d
esign
o
f
m
et
amateria
ls
struct
ur
e,
m
il
i
m
te
r
wave
ant
enn
a and
pa
ttern
re
conf
igur
ab
le
m
etam
at
er
ia
ls
antenna
.
Hud
a
A
Maj
id
rec
e
ive
d
the
B
Eng.
d
egr
e
e
in
El
e
ct
ri
ca
l
Eng
in
ee
ring
(Tele
comm
unic
at
ion)
from
Univer
siti
Te
knologi
Ma
lay
sia
,
in
2007
.
He
the
n
obt
ai
n
ed
his
M.E
ng
in
20
10
and
PhD
degr
ee
s
in
El
e
ct
r
ic
a
l
Eng
ineeri
ng
in
2013
,
at
Uni
ver
siti
Te
kno
log
i
Mal
a
y
s
ia
.
He
i
s
cur
ren
t
l
y
a
lectur
er
in
th
e
Depa
rtment
of
El
e
ct
ri
ca
l
Engi
n
ee
ring
Technol
o
g
y
,
Facult
y
of
E
ngine
er
ing
Te
chno
log
y
,
Univer
siti
Tun
Hus
sein
Onn
Ma
lays
ia
.
His
rese
arc
h
intere
st
include
s
the
areas
of
design
of
m
i
cro
strip
an
te
nna
s,
sm
al
l
ant
enn
a
s,
R
ec
onfigur
able
antenna
s,
m
e
t
amate
ri
al
s
struct
ure
,
m
etal
at
er
ia
l
an
te
nn
as
and
m
il
li
m
eter
wave
an
te
nnas
.
He
h
as
publ
ished
ove
r
50
art
i
cl
es
in journa
ls a
nd
conf
er
ence
pap
ers.
Z
u
hairi
ah
Z
ain
al
Ab
idin
was
born
in
Kua
la
Lu
m
pur,
Malay
si
a,
in
1978
.
She
re
ce
iv
ed
th
e
B.
Eng.
from
the
Univer
s
it
i
Te
kno
logi
Ma
lay
sia
,
in
2001,
the
M.
En
g
from
the
Kolej
Univer
siti
Tun
Hus
sein
Onn
Malay
sia
,
Jo
hor,
Mal
a
y
s
ia
,
i
n
2003,
and
Ph
.
D.
degr
ee
from
Bradf
ord
Univer
sit
y
,
U.K
in
2011
.
Curr
entl
y
,
she
was
a
Sen
ior
Le
c
ture
r
a
t
U
nive
rsiti
Tun
Hu
ss
ei
n
Onn
Malay
s
ia.
H
er
c
urre
nt
res
ea
rch
int
er
ests
inc
lud
e
MIM
O
ant
enna
design,
elec
tr
om
agne
ti
c
bandga
p
(EBG) for wireless a
nd
m
obil
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
and
high
spe
ed
d
igi
tal
ci
r
cui
ts
an
d
wea
r
abl
e
ant
enn
as.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Novel
Meta
ma
t
eri
al S
tr
ucture
s wi
th L
ow Los
s a
t Mi
ll
imet
er
Wave
…
(
B.
A.
F.
E
sm
ail
)
647
Sams
ul
Hai
mi
Bin
Dah
lan
rece
ive
d
the
Ba
che
lo
r’s
degr
e
e
in
Eng
ine
er
ing
from
th
e
Univ
ersit
i
Keba
ngsaa
n
of
Malay
s
ia,
Bangi,
Mal
a
y
s
ia,
in
19
99,
the
Mast
er’
s
degr
ee
in
engi
n
e
eri
ng
from
Univer
siti
Te
kn
ologi
Mal
a
y
s
ia,
Johor
Bahru,
M
al
a
y
si
a,
in
2005
,
and
th
e
Ph.D.
d
egr
ee
from
Univer
site
’
de
R
enne
s
1,
Renn
es,
Franc
e
,
in
2012
.
He
is
cu
rre
nt
l
y
the
Hea
d
of
the
Resea
r
ch
Cent
er
for
Appli
ed
E
lectr
om
agnetic
s,
Univer
si
ti
Tun
Hus
sein
On
n
Malay
si
a
(U
T
HM
),
Bat
u
Pahat
,
Mal
a
y
si
a.
His
r
ese
ar
c
h
intere
sts
in
c
lude
EMC,
elec
tromagne
ti
c
shiel
ding
,
bioe
l
ec
tro
m
agn
e
ti
cs,
m
ic
rowave
devi
c
es,
adva
nc
e
d
antenna
d
esign
,
m
at
er
ia
l
ch
arac
te
ri
za
t
ion
,
and
computa
ti
on
al
el
e
ct
rom
agnet
ic
s.
Dr
.
Sam
sul
h
as
publi
shed
m
an
y
conf
er
ence
pr
oce
ed
ings
as
well a
s
journal
pap
ers
in
local
and
in
te
rna
ti
on
al j
ourna
ls.
Mohamad
Kamal
A
Rah
im
rec
e
ive
d
th
e
B
Eng.
degr
ee
in
El
e
ct
ri
ca
l
and
El
e
ct
roni
c
Engi
ne
eri
ng
fro
m
Univer
sit
y
of
Strat
hcly
d
e,
UK
,
in
1987
.
In
1989
,
h
e
joi
n
ed
the
D
epa
rtment
of
Com
m
unic
at
i
on
Engi
n
ee
r
ing,
Facu
lty
of
Ele
ct
ri
ca
l
Eng
ineer
ing
Univ
ersit
i
Te
knologi
Ma
lay
s
ia
Kual
a
Lumpur
as
an
A
ss
ista
nt
L
ecture
r
A.
He
ob
tained
his
M
.
Eng
Science
from
Univer
sit
y
of
Ne
w
South
W
al
es
Aus
tra
li
a
in
199
2
and
PhD
degr
e
es
in
Elec
t
rical
E
ngine
er
ing
from
Univer
sit
y
of
Birmingham
UK
in
2003
.
He
i
s
the
Profess
or
in
RF
and
Ant
enna
at
Fa
cult
y
of
E
lectr
i
ca
l
En
gine
er
ing
Unive
rsiti
Te
kno
logi
Malay
s
ia.
His
r
e
sea
rch
in
te
r
est
i
ncl
udes
th
e
are
as
of
design
of
di
elec
tr
ic
r
esona
tor
antenn
as,
m
ic
rostr
ip
a
nte
nnas,
sm
al
l
ant
enn
as,
m
ic
rowave
sensors
,
RF
ID
ant
en
nas
for
re
ade
rs
a
nd
t
ags,
Multi
-
fu
nct
ion
an
te
nn
as,
m
ic
rowave
ci
cu
it
s,
EBG
,
artific
i
al
m
agneti
c
conduc
tors,
m
e
tam
at
eri
a
ls,
phase
d
arr
a
y
ant
enn
as,
computer
ai
ded
d
esign
for
ant
enn
as
and
d
esign
of
m
il
l
imete
r
fr
eque
nc
y
an
te
nnas.
He
has
publi
she
d
over
200
articles i
n
journa
ls
and
conf
ere
n
ce pa
p
e
rs.
Raimi
De
w
an
r
ec
e
ive
d
his
Ba
ch
el
or
Degre
e
in
E
ngine
er
ing
(Elec
tri
c
al
-
T
el
e
comm
unic
a
ti
on)
from
Univer
siti
Te
knologi
Mal
a
y
sia
(UTM)
in
2010.
His
r
es
ea
r
ch
in
te
rests
is
i
n
antenna
designs
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.