I
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s
ia
n J
o
urna
l o
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E
lect
rica
l En
g
ineering
a
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Co
m
pu
t
er
Science
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
2
,
A
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g
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s
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20
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,
p
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.
6
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65
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23
.i
2
.
pp
650
-
65
6
650
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Ahs
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M
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M
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En
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Tec
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Ja
m
sh
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P
a
k
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Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
S
T
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Mar
17
,
2
0
2
1
R
ev
is
ed
May
20
,
2
0
2
1
Acc
ep
ted
J
u
n
1
,
2
0
2
1
Bru
sh
les
s
d
o
u
b
le
fe
d
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
g
e
n
e
ra
to
r
(
B
DFIG
)
b
a
se
d
m
a
c
h
in
e
s
h
a
v
e
g
a
in
e
d
p
o
p
u
larity
in
win
d
t
u
r
b
in
e
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
b
e
c
a
u
se
o
f
t
h
e
ir
e
a
sily
a
c
c
e
s
sib
le
d
e
sig
n
.
L
o
w
v
o
l
tag
e
rid
e
th
ro
u
g
h
(LVRT)
is
c
rit
ica
l
fo
r
th
e
re
li
a
b
le
in
teg
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
re
n
e
wa
b
l
e
e
n
e
rg
y
wit
h
th
e
p
o
we
r
g
ri
d
.
Th
e
re
fo
re
,
LVRT
c
a
p
a
b
il
it
y
o
f
b
ru
sh
les
s
D
F
IG
s
m
a
k
e
s
th
e
m
a
n
a
tt
ra
c
ti
v
e
c
h
o
ice
fo
r
m
a
in
tain
in
g
v
o
lt
a
g
e
sta
b
il
it
y
i
n
g
rid
.
Th
e
e
x
isti
n
g
wo
r
k
s
o
n
BDFI
G
c
o
n
tro
l
su
ffe
r
fro
m
two
m
a
jo
r
d
ra
w
b
a
c
k
s.
F
irstl
y
,
th
e
m
e
th
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
d
o
e
s n
o
t
c
o
n
sid
e
r
LVRT
a
s
a
d
e
sig
n
m
e
tri
c
,
a
n
d
se
c
o
n
d
l
y
,
t
h
e
se
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
d
o
n
o
t
h
a
v
e
a
n
y
m
e
a
n
s
fo
r
c
o
o
r
d
i
n
a
ti
n
g
b
e
twe
e
n
a
m
a
c
h
in
e
sid
e
i
n
v
e
rter
(M
S
I)
a
n
d
g
r
id
si
d
e
in
v
e
rter
(G
S
I).
Th
is
re
su
lt
s
in
su
b
-
o
p
ti
m
a
l
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
d
e
sig
n
a
n
d
e
v
e
n
tu
a
ll
y
re
su
lt
in
t
h
e
v
i
o
latio
n
o
f
g
ri
d
c
o
d
e
re
q
u
irem
e
n
ts.
T
o
so
l
v
e
th
e
se
issu
e
s,
th
is
p
a
p
e
r
p
ro
p
o
se
s
th
e
u
se
o
f
b
r
u
sh
l
e
ss
DFI
G
s
in
win
d
tu
rb
i
n
e
s
u
sin
g
a
c
o
n
tro
l
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
b
a
se
d
o
n
a
n
a
ly
ti
c
a
l
m
o
d
e
li
n
g
.
M
o
re
o
v
e
r,
e
m
p
l
o
y
i
n
g
in
tern
a
l
m
o
d
e
l
c
o
n
tro
l
(IM
C),
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
se
d
tec
h
n
i
q
u
e
c
a
n
e
ffe
c
ti
v
e
ly
c
o
o
r
d
in
a
te
t
h
e
c
o
n
tro
l
b
e
twe
e
n
th
e
M
S
I
a
n
d
G
S
I
r
e
su
lt
in
g
i
n
re
d
u
c
e
d
o
s
c
il
latio
n
s,
o
v
e
rsh
o
o
ts,
a
n
d
imp
ro
v
e
d
sta
b
il
i
ty
u
n
d
e
r
fa
u
lt
c
o
n
d
it
i
o
n
s.
F
u
rt
h
e
rm
o
re
,
th
e
sim
u
latio
n
re
su
lt
s
fo
r
win
d
t
u
rb
i
n
e
g
e
n
e
ra
to
rs
s
h
o
w
th
a
t
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
se
d
sc
h
e
m
e
sig
n
ifi
c
a
n
t
ly
imp
ro
v
e
s
th
e
sta
b
il
it
y
a
n
d
c
o
m
p
li
a
n
c
e
o
f
g
ri
d
c
o
d
e
s
a
s
c
o
m
p
a
re
d
to
th
e
e
x
ist
in
g
h
a
r
d
wa
re
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
B
DFI
G
Dy
n
am
ic
r
esp
o
n
s
e
en
h
an
ce
m
e
n
t
I
MC
Vec
to
r
co
n
tr
o
l sch
em
e
W
in
d
en
er
g
y
c
o
n
v
e
r
s
io
n
s
y
s
tem
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Ah
s
an
u
llah
Me
m
o
n
Dep
ar
tm
en
t o
f
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
Un
iv
er
s
iti T
ek
n
o
lo
g
i
Ma
la
y
s
ia
,
Ma
lay
s
ia
E
m
ail:
m
em
o
n
.
a
h
s
an
u
llah
@
g
r
ad
u
ate.
u
tm
.
m
y
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
h
e
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
d
em
an
d
f
o
r
ele
ctr
ic
p
o
wer
h
as
s
p
u
r
r
ed
th
e
g
r
o
wth
o
f
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
(
R
E
)
s
o
u
r
ce
s
s
u
ch
as
s
o
lar
an
d
win
d
en
er
g
y
[
1
]
.
W
in
d
f
ar
m
s
h
a
v
e
r
ec
eiv
e
d
m
u
ch
atten
tio
n
o
v
er
t
h
e
last
d
ec
ad
e
d
u
e
to
t
h
e
ab
u
n
d
a
n
ce
o
f
n
atu
r
al
win
d
in
m
an
y
p
ar
ts
o
f
t
h
e
wo
r
ld
.
Alt
h
o
u
g
h
,
R
E
h
as
an
im
p
o
r
tan
t
r
o
le
to
p
lay
in
t
h
e
f
u
tu
r
e
o
f
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
cities.
H
o
wev
er
,
to
r
eliab
l
y
in
teg
r
ate
R
E
s
o
u
r
ce
s
in
to
t
h
e
p
o
wer
g
r
id
,
ce
r
tain
ch
allen
g
es
an
d
p
r
o
b
lem
s
n
ee
d
to
b
e
a
d
d
r
ess
ed
[
2
]
,
[
3]
.
T
h
e
a
b
s
en
ce
o
f
m
o
to
r
s
in
p
h
o
to
-
v
o
ltaic
(
PV)
b
ased
s
o
u
r
ce
s
m
ak
es
th
em
s
im
p
le
to
in
teg
r
a
te
in
to
th
e
p
o
wer
g
r
i
d
,
wh
ich
is
also
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
f
ac
to
r
s
o
f
t
h
eir
p
o
p
u
lar
ity
[
4
]
.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
to
u
tili
ze
win
d
en
er
g
y
,
o
n
e
n
ee
d
s
to
in
s
tall
in
d
u
ctio
n
g
en
er
ato
r
s
o
n
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
es
wh
ich
m
ak
es
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
tern
a
l m
o
d
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l b
a
s
ed
c
o
o
r
d
in
a
ted
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
fo
r
…
(
A
h
s
a
n
u
lla
h
Memo
n
)
651
th
e
task
o
f
in
ter
f
ac
in
g
win
d
tu
r
b
in
es
to
th
e
p
o
wer
g
r
id
m
o
r
e
ch
allen
g
in
g
,
i.e
.
,
r
e
g
u
latin
g
a
n
d
co
n
d
itio
n
in
g
o
f
th
e
p
o
wer
,
v
o
ltag
e,
a
n
d
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
with
h
ig
h
ef
f
icien
c
y
an
d
f
lex
ib
ilit
y
[
5
]
,
[
6
]
.
L
o
w
v
o
ltag
e
r
id
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
(
L
V
R
T
)
,
also
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
as
f
au
lt
r
id
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
,
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
o
f
elec
tr
ical
en
er
g
y
g
en
er
at
o
r
s
t
o
r
em
ain
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
t
h
e
p
o
wer
g
r
id
d
u
r
in
g
s
h
o
r
t
p
e
r
io
d
s
o
f
lo
wer
elec
tr
ic
n
etwo
r
k
v
o
ltag
e,
i.e
.
,
v
o
ltag
e
d
ip
s
[
7
]
,
[
8
]
.
T
h
e
m
ain
m
o
tiv
atio
n
b
eh
in
d
h
av
in
g
g
e
n
er
ato
r
s
with
g
o
o
d
L
VR
T
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
is
to
p
r
ev
en
t
wid
esp
r
ea
d
lo
s
s
o
f
g
en
er
atio
n
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
a
s
h
o
r
t
cir
c
u
it
at
h
ig
h
v
o
ltag
e
(
HV)
o
r
ex
tr
em
ely
h
ig
h
v
o
ltag
e
(
E
HV)
l
ev
els
[
9
]
,
[
1
0
]
.
T
h
e
win
d
in
g
cu
r
r
en
t
in
a
g
e
n
er
ato
r
is
r
es
p
o
n
s
ib
le
to
m
ain
tain
a
m
ag
n
etic
f
ield
an
d
in
tu
r
n
a
m
in
im
u
m
v
o
ltag
e
to
o
p
e
r
ate
th
e
g
en
er
ato
r
.
Ho
wev
er
,
if
th
is
v
o
ltag
e
d
r
o
p
s
b
elo
w
a
ce
r
tai
n
lev
el,
th
e
g
en
er
ato
r
m
a
y
n
o
t
wo
r
k
c
o
r
r
ec
tly
an
d
ev
en
d
is
co
n
n
ec
t
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
o
wer
g
r
id
.
T
h
is
m
ay
r
esu
lt
in
a
ca
s
ca
d
in
g
f
ail
u
r
e
lead
in
g
to
b
lac
k
o
u
ts
[
1
1
]
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
b
lem
b
ec
o
m
es
e
v
en
m
o
r
e
ch
allen
g
in
g
i
n
d
o
u
b
le
f
ed
in
d
u
ctio
n
g
en
er
at
o
r
s
(
DFI
Gs
)
d
u
e
to
t
h
e
p
r
esen
c
e
o
f
two
s
ets
o
f
p
o
we
r
ed
m
ag
n
etic
win
d
in
g
s
[
1
2
]
.
E
x
is
tin
g
wo
r
k
s
o
n
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
DFI
Gs
f
o
cu
s
o
n
th
e
h
ig
h
en
er
g
y
ca
p
tu
r
e
ef
f
icien
c
y
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
ed
p
o
wer
q
u
ality
with
o
u
t
d
u
e
c
o
n
s
id
er
atio
n
to
t
h
e
f
ac
t
th
at
DFI
Gs
m
a
y
n
o
t
h
av
e
th
e
d
esire
d
L
VR
T
ch
ar
ac
t
er
is
tics
in
ter
m
s
o
f
g
r
id
co
d
e
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
[
1
3
]
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
b
r
u
s
h
less
d
o
u
b
le
f
ed
in
d
u
ctio
n
g
en
er
ato
r
s
(
B
DFI
Gs
)
ar
e
g
ain
in
g
p
o
p
u
lar
ity
am
o
n
g
co
m
m
er
cial
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
in
win
d
tu
r
b
in
es,
r
esear
ch
o
n
in
v
es
tig
atin
g
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
t
h
e
L
VR
T
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
o
f
B
DFI
Gs
is
v
er
y
lim
ited
.
T
o
s
o
lv
e
th
is
is
s
u
e,
th
is
p
ap
e
r
f
o
c
u
s
es
o
n
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
a
r
o
b
u
s
t
c
o
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
B
DFI
G
b
ased
win
d
tu
r
b
in
es
t
h
at
ca
n
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
L
VR
T
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
th
e
g
e
n
er
ato
r
in
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
v
o
ltag
e
d
ip
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
is
b
ased
o
n
a
n
an
aly
ti
ca
l
m
o
d
el
o
f
a
B
DFI
G
to
ca
p
tu
r
e
a
B
DFI
G
b
ased
m
ac
h
in
e'
s
s
y
s
tem
d
y
n
am
ics,
an
d
u
s
in
g
a
c
o
o
r
d
in
ate
s
tr
ateg
y
b
etwe
en
a
m
ac
h
in
e
s
id
e
i
n
v
er
ter
(
MSI
)
an
d
g
r
id
s
id
e
in
v
er
ter
(
GSI
)
,
th
e
d
ir
ec
t
cu
r
r
en
t
(
DC
)
lin
k
v
o
ltag
e
is
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
in
jectin
g
r
ea
ctiv
e
cu
r
r
en
t
in
to
th
e
g
r
id
b
y
t
h
e
GSI
to
av
o
i
d
a
lar
g
e
-
s
ca
le
b
lack
o
u
t.
T
h
is
is
a
ch
iev
ed
b
y
e
m
p
lo
y
i
n
g
I
MC
-
b
ased
f
ee
d
-
f
o
r
war
d
tu
n
in
g
o
f
MSI
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
.
M
o
r
eo
v
e
r
,
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
u
n
k
n
o
wn
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
d
u
e
to
a
p
r
o
ce
s
s
-
m
o
d
el
m
is
m
atch
in
th
e
an
aly
tical
m
o
d
el,
in
ter
n
al
m
o
d
el
co
n
tr
o
l
(
I
MC)
also
h
elp
s
to
r
ed
u
ce
o
s
cillatio
n
s
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
tr
o
l te
ch
n
iq
u
e
r
e
s
u
lts
in
a
r
o
b
u
s
t c
o
n
tr
o
ller
.
T
h
e
m
ain
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
o
f
th
is
p
ap
er
ar
e
as
f
o
llo
ws:
1
)
An
a
n
aly
tical
m
o
d
el
-
b
ased
c
o
n
tr
o
l
co
m
b
in
ed
with
an
I
MC
-
b
ased
co
o
r
d
in
at
ed
co
n
tr
o
ller
to
o
p
tim
ize
th
e
PI
v
alu
es
o
f
th
e
g
en
er
ato
r
at
th
e
tim
e
o
f
a
f
au
lt
r
ed
u
cin
g
th
e
o
s
cillatio
n
s
,
an
d
th
u
s
,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
g
r
id
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
d
u
r
in
g
f
au
lts
.
I
n
p
a
r
ticu
lar
,
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
i
q
u
e
im
p
r
o
v
es
th
e
L
VR
T
ca
p
a
b
ilit
ies
o
f
a
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
in
v
er
te
r
to
av
o
i
d
d
is
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
o
f
g
r
id
s
.
2
)
A
th
o
r
o
u
g
h
s
im
u
latio
n
-
b
ased
s
tu
d
y
to
in
v
esti
g
ate
L
VR
T
in
B
D
FIG
b
as
ed
win
d
tu
r
b
in
es
an
d
ev
al
u
ate
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
T
h
e
r
est
o
f
th
e
p
ap
e
r
is
o
r
g
an
ized
as
f
o
llo
ws:
s
ec
tio
n
1
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
f
o
r
th
is
p
ap
er
.
Sectio
n
2
p
r
esen
t
s
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
i
q
u
e
an
d
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
ar
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
in
s
ec
tio
n
3.
T
h
e
p
ap
er
is
co
n
clu
d
ed
in
s
ec
tio
n
4.
2.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
O
F
B
DF
I
G
T
h
e
b
asic
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
a
B
DFI
G
b
ased
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1.
A
B
DFI
G
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
s
h
af
t
s
y
s
tem
o
f
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
i
n
e.
U
n
lik
e
DF
I
Gs,
a
B
DFI
G
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
two
m
ag
n
etica
lly
an
d
elec
tr
ically
u
n
co
u
p
led
s
tato
r
win
d
in
g
s
with
a
well
-
d
e
f
in
ed
r
o
to
r
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
e
s
tato
r
win
d
in
g
wh
ich
is
d
ir
ec
tly
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
t
h
e
g
r
id
is
ca
lled
th
e
p
o
we
r
-
win
d
in
g
(
PW
)
wh
ile
th
e
o
t
h
er
w
h
ich
i
s
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
g
r
id
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
p
o
wer
elec
tr
o
n
i
c
(
PE)
co
n
v
er
ter
is
ca
lled
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
win
d
in
g
(
C
W
)
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
e
m
o
s
t
co
m
m
o
n
ly
u
s
ed
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
f
o
r
B
DFI
Gs
is
th
e
n
ested
-
lo
o
p
r
o
to
r
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
[
1
6
]
.
I
n
th
is
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
,
alu
m
in
u
m
o
r
co
p
p
er
b
ar
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
cr
ea
te
m
an
y
n
ests
with
m
u
ltip
le
lo
o
p
s
.
A
r
o
tatin
g
m
a
g
n
etic
f
ield
wav
e
is
th
en
g
en
er
ated
in
th
e
air
-
g
ap
b
y
th
e
two
s
tato
r
win
d
in
g
s
,
as seen
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
o
to
r
.
T
o
en
a
b
le
v
ec
to
r
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
th
e
m
ac
h
i
n
e,
th
e
PW
an
d
C
W
v
o
ltag
es
ar
e
tr
an
s
lated
i
n
to
th
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
f
r
am
e
.
No
te
t
h
at,
th
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
f
r
am
e
is
alig
n
e
d
with
th
e
PW
f
lu
x
o
r
ien
tatio
n
[
1
7
]
,
[
1
8
]
.
T
h
e
r
esu
ltin
g
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
f
o
r
PW
g
iv
en
th
e
PW
cu
r
r
e
n
t
ar
e
as f
o
llo
ws:
=
−
+
(
1
)
=
−
+
(
2
)
=
+
ℎ
(
3
)
=
+
ℎ
(
4
)
wh
er
e,
an
d
d
e
n
o
te
th
e
an
d
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
o
f
PW
v
o
ltag
e
wh
ile
an
d
d
en
o
te
t
h
e
an
d
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
o
f
PW
f
lu
x
[
1
9
]
.
Similar
ly
,
f
o
r
th
e
an
d
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
f
o
r
C
W
g
iv
en
C
W
cu
r
r
e
n
t
we
h
av
e:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
21
:
650
-
65
6
652
=
−
(
−
)
+
(
5
)
=
−
(
−
)
+
(
6
)
=
+
ℎ
(
7
)
=
+
ℎ
(
8
)
wh
er
e,
an
d
d
en
o
te
th
e
an
d
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
o
f
C
W
v
o
ltag
e
wh
ile
an
d
d
en
o
te
th
e
an
d
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
o
f
C
W
f
lu
x
.
Simi
lar
ly
,
f
o
r
th
e
an
d
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
f
o
r
r
o
to
r
g
iv
en
r
o
to
r
cu
r
r
e
n
t
we
h
av
e:
=
0
=
−
(
−
)
+
(
9
)
=
0
=
−
(
−
)
+
(
1
0
)
=
ℎ
+
ℎ
+
(
1
1
)
=
ℎ
+
ℎ
+
(
1
2
)
wh
er
e,
an
d
d
en
o
te
th
e
an
d
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
o
f
r
o
to
r
v
o
ltag
e
wh
ile
an
d
d
en
o
te
th
e
an
d
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
o
f
r
o
to
r
f
lu
x
.
Fin
a
lly
,
th
e
r
o
to
r
to
r
q
u
e
ca
n
b
e
ca
l
cu
lated
as f
o
llo
ws
;
=
−
3
2
[
∗
]
−
3
2
[
∗
]
(
1
3
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Sy
s
tem
m
o
d
el
3.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
CO
NT
RO
L
T
E
CH
NIQU
E
A
v
ec
to
r
co
n
t
r
o
ller
o
r
ien
ted
o
n
th
e
PW
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
f
r
am
e
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
r
eg
u
late
th
e
s
p
ee
d
a
n
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
in
d
ep
e
n
d
en
tl
y
[
2
0
]
.
T
h
e
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
an
d
s
p
ee
d
ar
e
ca
lcu
lated
an
aly
tically
u
s
in
g
th
e
m
ath
em
atica
l m
o
d
el
o
f
B
DFI
M
wh
ile
th
e
PI
co
n
tr
o
ller
g
ain
s
ar
e
d
er
iv
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
I
MC
m
eth
o
d
[
2
1
]
.
I
n
th
e
v
ec
to
r
c
o
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
em
e,
t
h
e
dq
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
o
f
PW
an
d
C
W
cu
r
r
en
ts
ar
e
r
e
g
u
lated
to
o
b
tain
th
e
d
esire
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
an
d
s
p
ee
d
o
f
t
h
e
m
ac
h
in
e.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
s
ig
n
al
o
b
tain
ed
af
ter
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
f
r
o
m
dq
to
a
b
c
is
f
ed
to
th
e
p
u
ls
e
wid
th
m
o
d
u
latio
n
(
PW
M)
b
lo
ck
w
h
ich
ac
co
r
d
i
n
g
ly
s
witch
es
th
e
in
v
er
ter
to
in
ject
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
p
o
wer
in
to
th
e
g
r
id
[
2
2
]
.
I
t
is
im
p
o
r
tan
t
to
n
o
te
th
at
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
s
tu
d
y
u
tili
ze
s
o
n
ly
m
esen
ch
y
m
al
s
tem
ce
ll
(
MSC
)
to
r
eg
u
late
th
e
s
p
ee
d
a
n
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
o
f
th
e
m
ac
h
in
e.
3
.
1
.
M
a
chine
s
ide
inv
er
t
er
T
h
e
M
S
I
i
s
d
i
r
e
c
t
l
y
c
o
n
n
e
c
t
e
d
t
o
t
h
e
C
W
a
n
d
i
s
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
i
b
l
e
f
o
r
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
i
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g
t
h
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a
c
t
i
v
e
a
n
d
r
e
a
c
t
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v
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p
o
w
e
r
s
u
s
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n
g
t
h
e
a
n
d
c
o
m
p
o
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e
n
t
s
,
r
e
s
p
e
c
t
i
v
e
l
y
[
2
3
]
.
U
s
i
n
g
(
1
)
t
o
(
2
)
,
w
e
c
a
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e
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c
u
r
r
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i
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u
l
a
t
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d
u
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C
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r
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a
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p
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g
.
T
h
u
s
,
t
h
e
t
r
a
n
s
f
e
r
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
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o
r
C
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v
o
l
t
a
g
e
i
s
g
i
v
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n
b
y
:
=
1
+
2
(
14
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
tern
a
l m
o
d
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l b
a
s
ed
c
o
o
r
d
in
a
ted
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
fo
r
…
(
A
h
s
a
n
u
lla
h
Memo
n
)
653
wh
er
e,
1
,
1
,
…….
4
d
en
o
te
th
e
o
p
en
-
lo
o
p
c
o
ef
f
icien
ts
f
o
r
C
W
cu
r
r
en
t c
o
n
tr
o
l.
T
h
u
s
,
we
n
o
w
h
av
e
th
e
s
y
s
tem
tr
an
s
f
er
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
f
o
r
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
cu
r
r
e
n
t.
T
o
h
a
n
d
le
ex
ter
n
al
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
,
we
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
f
ee
d
-
f
o
r
war
d
co
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
.
Feed
-
f
o
r
war
d
co
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
is
ty
p
ically
u
s
ed
to
h
an
d
le
e
x
ter
n
al
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
.
Ho
wev
er
,
if
th
e
tr
an
s
f
e
r
f
u
n
c
tio
n
is
n
o
t
a
n
ex
ac
t
m
atch
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
to
b
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
,
f
ee
d
-
f
o
r
war
d
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
s
m
ay
lead
t
o
o
s
cillatio
n
s
an
d
s
tab
ilit
y
is
s
u
es.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
in
t
h
is
p
ap
er
,
we
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
I
MC
t
o
im
p
r
o
v
e
s
y
s
tem
s
tab
ilit
y
b
y
ca
p
tu
r
in
g
ex
ter
n
al
d
is
tu
r
b
a
n
ce
s
[
2
1
]
.
T
h
u
s
,
t
h
e
MSI
u
s
in
g
th
e
I
MC m
eth
o
d
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
2.
T
h
e
r
esu
ltin
g
g
ain
v
alu
es u
s
in
g
I
MC a
r
e
as f
o
llo
ws:
=
2
2
,
=
2
1
,
=
2
2
,
=
2
1
wh
er
e,
,
an
d
,
d
en
o
te
th
e
g
a
in
v
alu
es
f
o
r
PW
an
d
C
W
cu
r
r
en
t,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
Similar
ly
,
an
d
r
ep
r
esen
t th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
b
an
d
wid
th
f
o
r
PW
an
d
C
W
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Ma
ch
i
n
e
s
id
e
in
v
e
r
ter
3.
2
.
G
rid
s
ide c
o
nv
er
t
er
T
h
e
DC
-
lin
k
v
o
ltag
e
o
v
e
r
s
h
o
o
ts
as
s
o
o
n
as
a
f
au
lt
o
cc
u
r
s
lead
in
g
to
u
n
d
esira
b
le
co
n
s
eq
u
en
ce
s
[
2
4
]
.
T
o
av
o
id
s
u
c
h
p
r
o
b
l
em
s
an
d
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
co
m
p
lian
ce
with
th
e
g
r
id
c
o
d
e
r
eq
u
i
r
em
en
ts
,
we
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ty
p
e
o
f
co
n
tr
o
ller
u
s
ed
in
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e
ca
lled
th
e
g
r
id
s
id
e
in
v
er
ter
(
GSI
)
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
e
G
SI
is
u
s
ed
to
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
DC
-
lin
k
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
(
s
et
to
ze
r
o
)
.
I
n
ty
p
ical
p
o
wer
g
r
id
s
,
a
v
o
ltag
e
d
ip
m
a
y
ca
u
s
e
cr
itical
m
ac
h
in
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
s
u
ch
as
ac
tiv
e/r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
,
to
r
q
u
e,
a
n
d
DC
-
lin
k
v
o
ltag
e
to
b
ec
o
m
e
u
n
s
tab
le
.
T
o
s
o
lv
e
th
is
is
s
u
e,
we
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
a
co
o
r
d
in
ated
s
tr
ateg
y
b
etw
ee
n
th
e
MSI
a
n
d
GSI
co
n
tr
o
ll
er
s
.
Usi
n
g
a
s
im
ilar
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
MSI
,
th
e
GSI
co
n
t
r
o
ller
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
3.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Gr
id
s
id
e
in
v
er
ter
T
h
e
g
ain
s
f
o
r
th
e
GSI
u
s
in
g
th
e
I
MC m
eth
o
d
ar
e
as
f
o
llo
ws:
=
2
−
,
=
2
2
wh
er
e,
,
,
an
d
r
ep
r
esen
t
DC
-
lin
k
v
o
ltag
e
b
an
d
wid
th
,
G
SI
ch
o
k
e
i
n
d
u
ctan
ce
,
an
d
G
SI
ch
o
k
e
r
esis
tan
ce
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
Mo
r
e
o
v
er
,
th
e
tu
n
in
g
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
f
o
r
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
b
u
s
r
e
g
u
la
to
r
s
ar
e
s
et
as f
o
llo
ws:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
21
:
650
-
65
6
654
=
−
580
,
=
−
8000
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S
A
ND
D
IS
CU
SS
I
O
N
T
o
ev
alu
ate
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e,
we
s
im
u
lated
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
in
MA
T
L
AB
/SIM
UL
I
NK.
I
n
th
is
s
y
s
tem
m
o
d
el
,
we
h
av
e
two
co
n
tr
o
l
lo
o
p
s
ar
e
s
im
u
lated
,
i.e
.
,
th
e
p
o
wer
lo
o
p
(
o
u
ter
lo
o
p
)
a
n
d
c
u
r
r
en
t
l
o
o
p
(
in
n
er
l
o
o
p
)
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
o
f
C
W
cu
r
r
en
t
ar
e
g
e
n
er
a
ted
b
y
th
e
o
u
te
r
lo
o
p
wh
ile
t
h
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
o
f
th
e
C
W
v
o
ltag
e
ar
e
g
en
er
ated
b
y
th
e
in
n
er
l
o
o
p
.
T
h
e
m
ax
im
u
m
p
o
wer
p
o
in
t
tr
ac
k
in
g
(
MPPT
)
alg
o
r
it
h
m
was
u
s
ed
to
o
b
tain
th
e
r
e
f
er
en
ce
v
alu
e
o
f
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
an
d
th
e
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
v
alu
e
o
f
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
is
d
e
ter
m
in
ed
u
s
in
g
g
r
id
co
d
es.
A
f
au
lt
c
o
n
d
itio
n
was
s
im
u
late
d
at
=
2
s
ec
o
n
d
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
iq
u
e
i
s
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
th
e
co
n
tem
p
o
r
ar
y
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
i.e
.
,
u
s
i
n
g
an
M
SI
with
a
cr
o
wb
ar
d
esig
n
.
W
e
ev
alu
ate
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
th
r
ee
im
p
o
r
tan
t
m
etr
ics:
4
.
1
.
Curre
nt
re
s
po
ns
e
Sy
m
m
etr
ical
f
au
lts
in
th
e
p
o
wer
g
r
id
lead
to
in
cr
ea
s
ed
m
ac
h
in
e
cu
r
r
en
ts
wh
ich
m
ay
ca
u
s
e
d
am
ag
e
to
eq
u
ip
m
en
t
an
d
lo
s
s
o
f
ca
p
ital.
Fo
r
ex
am
p
le,
an
I
n
s
u
lated
-
g
a
te
b
ip
o
lar
tr
an
s
is
to
r
(
I
GB
T
)
ca
n
with
s
tan
d
2
p
er
u
n
it
C
W
cu
r
r
en
t
f
o
r
a
1
m
s
tim
e
p
er
io
d
[
2
6
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e
lim
its
th
e
C
W
cu
r
r
en
t
with
in
th
e
s
p
ec
if
ied
to
ler
an
ce
lev
els
b
y
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
PI
tu
n
in
g
u
s
in
g
I
MC
at
th
e
M
SI
an
d
in
jectin
g
r
ea
ctiv
e
cu
r
r
en
t
to
th
e
g
r
id
u
s
in
g
th
e
GSI
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
ws
th
e
f
l
u
x
r
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
C
W
an
d
PW
cu
r
r
en
ts
a
n
d
t
h
e
PW
Flu
x
.
Fig
u
r
es
4
(
a
)
an
d
4
(
b
)
s
h
o
w
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
lly
m
an
ag
es
to
k
ee
p
th
e
m
ac
h
i
n
e
cu
r
r
en
ts
with
in
th
e
allo
wed
r
an
g
e
e
v
en
in
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
a
f
au
lt a
t
=
2
s
ec
o
n
d
s
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
4.
T
h
ese
f
ig
u
r
es a
r
e;
(
a
)
C
W
cu
r
r
en
t
an
d
(
b
)
PW
cu
r
r
en
t
4
.
2
.
P
o
wer
re
s
po
ns
e
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e
u
s
es
an
ac
tiv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
c
o
n
tr
o
l
ac
tiv
e
as
well
as
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
u
s
in
g
PW
cu
r
r
en
ts
an
d
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
No
te
th
at
co
n
tem
p
o
r
ar
y
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
in
m
o
s
t
o
f
th
e
ex
is
tin
g
liter
atu
r
e
co
n
s
id
er
o
n
ly
ac
tiv
e
p
o
we
r
co
n
tr
o
l.
Fig
u
r
e
5
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
r
esp
o
n
s
es
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e
an
d
co
n
te
m
p
o
r
ar
y
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
.
T
h
e
ac
tiv
a
tio
n
o
f
th
e
cr
o
wb
ar
m
ak
es
th
e
p
o
wer
elec
tr
o
n
ic
co
n
v
er
ter
d
ea
ctiv
ated
f
o
r
th
e
tim
e
wh
ich
is
co
u
n
ted
as
th
e
m
ain
d
is
ad
v
an
tag
e
o
f
th
e
cr
o
wb
ar
.
C
r
o
wb
ar
also
ca
u
s
es
to
o
s
cillate
th
e
m
ac
h
in
e
an
d
m
a
k
es
it
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.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
G
.
S
.
Ka
lo
i,
J.
Wan
g
,
a
n
d
M
.
H.
Ba
lo
c
h
,
“
S
tu
d
y
o
f
sta
b
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y
a
n
a
ly
sis
o
f
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g
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d
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o
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n
e
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ted
d
o
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”
In
d
o
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e
s.
J
.
El
e
c
tr.
En
g
.
C
o
mp
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jee
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s.v
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i2
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3
.
[2
]
A.
Kh
i
d
ra
n
i,
M
.
H.
Ha
b
ib
u
d
d
in
,
M
.
W.
M
u
sta
fa
,
M
.
N.
Am
a
n
,
a
n
d
A.
S
.
M
o
k
h
tar,
“
A
h
y
b
ri
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v
o
lt
a
g
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-
c
u
rre
n
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o
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p
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sa
to
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u
sin
g
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sy
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c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
re
fe
re
n
c
e
fra
m
e
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
fo
r
g
rid
-
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
m
icro
g
r
id
u
n
d
e
r
n
o
n
li
n
e
a
r
lo
a
d
c
o
n
d
i
ti
o
n
s,”
In
t
.
T
ra
n
s.
E
lec
tr.
En
e
rg
y
S
y
st.
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v
o
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0
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o
.
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1
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2
/
2
0
5
0
-
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0
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8
.
1
2
5
3
0
.
[3
]
T.
A.
Ju
m
a
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,
M
.
.
M
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tafa
,
N
.
Ha
m
a
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h
,
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S
.
Ata
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,
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in
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ig
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b
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se
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ti
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th
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s fo
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ic res
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s,”
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v
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1
3
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1
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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[4
]
T.
A.
Ju
m
a
n
i
,
M
.
W.
M
u
sta
fa
,
M
.
M
.
Ra
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M
ir
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g
h
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ri,
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.
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d
,
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Op
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y
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En
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[5
]
T.
A.
Ju
m
a
n
i,
M
.
W.
M
u
sta
fa
,
A
.
S
.
Alg
h
a
m
d
i,
M
.
M
.
Ra
sid
,
A.
Ala
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g
ir,
a
n
d
A.
B.
Aw
a
n
,
“
S
wa
r
m
In
telli
g
e
n
c
e
-
Ba
se
d
Op
ti
m
iza
ti
o
n
Tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
fo
r
Dy
n
a
m
ic
Re
sp
o
n
se
a
n
d
P
o
w
e
r
Qu
a
li
ty
E
n
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
AC
M
icro
g
ri
d
s:
A
Co
m
p
re
h
e
n
si
v
e
Re
v
iew
,
”
IEE
E
A
c
c
e
ss
,
v
o
l.
8
,
p
p
.
7
5
9
8
6
–
7
6
0
0
1
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/ACCES
S
.
2
0
2
0
.
2
9
8
9
1
3
3
.
[6
]
P
.
P
u
ra
a
n
d
G
.
Iwa
n
sk
i,
“
Dire
c
t
t
o
rq
u
e
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
a
d
o
u
b
ly
fe
d
i
n
d
u
c
ti
o
n
g
e
n
e
ra
to
r
wo
r
k
in
g
wi
th
u
n
b
a
lan
c
e
d
p
o
we
r
g
rid
,
”
I
n
t.
T
ra
n
s.
El
e
c
tr.
E
n
e
rg
y
S
y
st.
,
v
o
l.
2
9
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
.
e
2
8
1
5
,
A
p
r.
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
0
2
/ete
p
.
2
8
1
5
.
[7
]
O.
O.
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
,
M
.
W.
M
u
sta
f
a
,
a
n
d
M
.
N.
Am
a
n
,
“
A
G
ra
p
h
-
Th
e
o
re
ti
c
Ap
p
ro
a
c
h
t
o
Ca
p
a
c
it
y
Be
n
e
fit
M
a
rg
in
Ca
lcu
latio
n
fo
r
Lar
g
e
M
u
lt
iare
a
P
o
we
r
S
y
ste
m
s,”
IE
EE
S
y
st.
J
.
,
v
o
l
.
1
4
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
2
3
0
–
1
2
3
3
,
M
a
r.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/JS
YST
.
2
0
1
9
.
2
9
1
0
5
5
4
.
[8
]
S
.
A.
Tah
e
r,
Z.
De
h
g
h
a
n
i
Ara
n
i
,
M
.
Ra
h
i
m
i,
a
n
d
M
.
S
h
a
h
i
d
e
h
p
o
u
r
,
“
A
n
e
w
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
u
si
n
g
c
o
m
b
i
n
a
ti
o
n
o
f
sl
id
i
n
g
m
o
d
e
c
o
n
tro
l
a
n
d
fe
e
d
b
a
c
k
li
n
e
a
riza
ti
o
n
f
o
r
e
n
h
a
n
c
in
g
fa
u
lt
rid
e
th
ro
u
g
h
c
a
p
a
b
il
it
y
o
f
DFIG
-
b
a
se
d
WT
,
”
I
n
t.
T
ra
n
s.
El
e
c
tr.
En
e
rg
y
S
y
st.
,
v
o
l
.
2
8
,
n
o
.
1
0
,
p
.
e
2
6
1
3
,
Oc
t.
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
0
2
/ete
p
.
2
6
1
3
.
[9
]
O.
O.
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
,
M
.
W.
M
u
sta
f
a
,
M
.
N
.
Am
a
n
,
S
.
S
a
li
su
,
a
n
d
A.
O.
Otu
o
z
e
,
“
Ca
p
a
c
it
y
b
e
n
e
fit
m
a
rg
in
a
ss
e
ss
m
e
n
t
in
th
e
p
re
se
n
c
e
o
f
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
r
g
y
,
”
I
n
t.
T
r
a
n
s.
El
e
c
tr.
En
e
rg
y
S
y
st.
,
v
o
l.
3
0
,
n
o
.
9
,
S
e
p
.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
0
2
/
2
0
5
0
-
7
0
3
8
.
1
2
5
0
2
.
[1
0]
M
.
N.
F
.
Na
sh
e
d
,
M
.
N.
Esk
a
n
d
e
r,
a
n
d
M
.
A.
S
a
leh
,
“
M
it
i
g
a
ti
o
n
o
f
fa
u
l
ts
i
n
g
ri
d
-
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
wi
n
d
-
d
ri
v
e
n
sin
g
le
m
a
c
h
in
e
b
ru
sh
les
s
d
o
u
b
le
-
fe
d
i
n
d
u
c
t
io
n
g
e
n
e
ra
to
r
,
”
In
d
o
n
e
s.
J
.
El
e
c
tr.
En
g
.
C
o
mp
u
t.
S
c
i
.
,
v
o
l.
1
5
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
1
7
8
–
1
1
8
8
,
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/i
j
e
e
c
s.v
1
5
.
i3
.
p
p
1
1
7
8
-
1
1
8
8
.
[1
1
]
M
.
Tsi
li
a
n
d
S
.
P
a
p
a
t
h
a
n
a
ss
io
u
,
“
A
re
v
iew
o
f
g
rid
c
o
d
e
tec
h
n
ica
l
r
e
q
u
irem
e
n
ts
f
o
r
wi
n
d
fa
rm
s,”
IET
Ren
e
w.
Po
we
r
Ge
n
e
r.
,
v
o
l
.
3
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
.
3
0
8
,
2
0
0
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
4
9
/
iet
-
rp
g
.
2
0
0
8
.
0
0
7
0
.
[1
2
]
R.
M
.
M
o
n
teiro
P
e
re
ira,
A.
J.
C
.
P
e
re
ira
,
C.
M
.
F
e
rre
ira,
a
n
d
F
.
P
.
M
a
c
iel
Ba
rb
o
sa
,
“
In
flu
e
n
c
e
o
f
c
ro
wb
a
r
a
n
d
c
h
o
p
p
e
r
p
r
o
tec
ti
o
n
o
n
DFIG
d
u
rin
g
l
o
w
v
o
lt
a
g
e
ri
d
e
t
h
ro
u
g
h
,
”
E
n
e
rg
ies
,
v
o
l.
1
1
,
n
o
.
4
,
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/en
1
1
0
4
0
8
8
5
.
[1
3
]
Y
.
M
.
Alsm
a
d
i
e
t
a
l.
,
“
De
tailed
I
n
v
e
stig
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
Im
p
ro
v
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
Dy
n
a
m
i
c
Be
h
a
v
io
r
o
f
G
rid
-
Co
n
n
e
c
ted
DFIG
-
Ba
se
d
Wi
n
d
T
u
rb
i
n
e
s
Un
d
e
r
LVRT
Co
n
d
it
io
n
s
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
In
d
.
Ap
p
l.
,
v
o
l.
5
4
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
4
7
9
5
–
4
8
1
2
,
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/t
ia.2
0
1
8
.
2
8
3
5
4
0
1
.
[1
4
]
F
.
Zh
a
n
g
,
T.
T
o
n
g
,
a
n
d
H.
Li
u
,
“
De
sig
n
a
n
d
a
n
a
ly
sis
o
f
5
0
KW
d
u
a
l
-
sta
to
r
b
ru
sh
les
s
d
o
u
b
ly
-
fe
d
g
e
n
e
ra
to
r
fo
r
win
d
tu
rb
i
n
e
,
”
2
0
1
7
2
0
t
h
In
t.
C
o
n
f.
El
e
c
tr.
M
a
c
h
.
S
y
st.
ICEM
S
2
0
1
7
,
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/IC
EM
S
.
2
0
1
7
.
8
0
5
6
4
2
7
.
[1
5
]
S
.
A
b
d
i
,
A.
G
ra
c
e
,
E.
A
b
d
i,
a
n
d
R.
M
c
M
a
h
o
n
,
“
A
n
e
w
o
p
ti
m
ize
d
ro
to
r
d
e
si
g
n
fo
r
b
ru
sh
les
s
d
o
u
b
ly
fe
d
m
a
c
h
in
e
s,”
2
0
1
7
2
0
t
h
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
El
e
c
trica
l
M
a
c
h
i
n
e
s
a
n
d
S
y
ste
ms
(ICEM
S
),
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/ICE
M
S
.
2
0
1
7
.
8
0
5
6
0
4
8
.
[1
6
]
S
.
Ab
d
i
,
E.
Ab
d
i
,
a
n
d
R.
M
c
M
a
h
o
n
,
“
A
Li
g
h
t
-
Wei
g
h
t
Ro
to
r
D
e
sig
n
fo
r
Bru
s
h
les
s
Do
u
b
l
y
F
e
d
M
a
c
h
in
e
s,”
in
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
-
2
0
1
8
2
3
rd
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
El
e
c
trica
l
M
a
c
h
i
n
e
s,
ICE
M
2
0
1
8
,
Oc
t.
2
0
1
8
,
p
p
.
4
9
3
–
4
9
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/ICE
L
M
ACH
.
2
0
1
8
.
8
5
0
7
1
5
6
.
[1
7
]
J.
P
o
z
a
,
E.
O
y
a
rb
id
e
,
D.
Ro
y
e
,
a
n
d
M
.
R
o
d
ri
g
u
e
z
,
“
Un
ifi
e
d
re
fe
re
n
c
e
fra
m
e
d
q
m
o
d
e
l
o
f
th
e
b
r
u
sh
l
e
ss
d
o
u
b
l
y
fe
d
m
a
c
h
in
e
,
”
IEE
Pro
c
.
El
e
c
tr.
Po
w
e
r A
p
p
l.
,
v
o
l.
1
5
3
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
7
2
6
–
7
3
4
,
2
0
0
6
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
4
9
/
ip
-
e
p
a
:
2
0
0
5
0
4
0
4
.
[1
8
]
S
.
S
h
a
o
,
E.
Ab
d
i,
F
.
Ba
ra
ti
,
a
n
d
R.
M
c
M
a
h
o
n
,
“
S
tato
r
-
F
lu
x
-
Or
ien
ted
v
e
c
to
r
c
o
n
tr
o
l
f
o
r
b
ru
s
h
l
e
ss
d
o
u
b
ly
fe
d
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
g
e
n
e
ra
to
r
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
I
n
d
.
E
lec
tro
n
.
,
v
o
l.
5
6
,
n
o
.
1
0
,
p
p
.
4
2
2
0
–
4
2
2
8
,
2
0
0
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/T
IE
.
2
0
0
9
.
2
0
2
4
6
6
0
.
[1
9
]
Y.
Li
u
,
W.
Xu
,
K.
Yu
,
a
n
d
F
.
Bl
a
a
b
jerg
,
“
A
n
e
w
v
e
c
to
r
c
o
n
tr
o
l
o
f
b
ru
s
h
les
s
d
o
u
b
ly
-
fe
d
i
n
d
u
c
t
io
n
g
e
n
e
ra
to
r
wit
h
tran
sie
n
t
c
u
rre
n
t
c
o
m
p
e
n
sa
ti
o
n
fo
r
sta
n
d
-
a
l
o
n
e
p
o
we
r
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,”
in
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
-
I
EE
E
Ap
p
li
e
d
Po
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
a
n
d
Exp
o
siti
o
n
-
APEC
,
Ap
r.
2
0
1
8
,
v
o
l
.
2
0
1
8
-
M
a
rc
h
,
p
p
.
1
3
9
2
–
1
3
9
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/AP
EC.
2
0
1
8
.
8
3
4
1
1
9
9
.
[2
0
]
G
.
Jo
sh
i
a
n
d
P
.
P
iu
s,
“
AN
F
IS
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
f
o
r
v
e
c
to
r
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
th
re
e
p
h
a
se
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
m
o
to
r,
”
In
d
o
n
e
s.
J
.
El
e
c
tr.
En
g
.
Co
mp
u
t
.
S
c
i
.
,
v
o
l.
1
9
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
1
7
7
–
1
1
8
5
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
ij
e
e
c
s.v
1
9
.
i
3
.
p
p
1
1
7
7
-
1
1
8
5
.
[
21]
M
.
S
u
,
W.
Ji
n
,
G
.
Zh
a
n
g
,
W
.
T
a
n
g
,
a
n
d
F
.
Blaa
b
jerg
,
“
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[2
5
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J.
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[2
6
]
H.
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