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o
r
d
er
to
d
etail
th
ese
tech
n
iq
u
es,
w
e
w
i
ll
g
e
t
a
s
n
ea
k
p
ee
k
to
b
an
d
w
id
th
d
e
f
i
n
itio
n
s
.
Si
n
ce
th
e
b
a
n
d
w
id
th
(
B
W
)
o
f
lin
ea
r
l
y
p
o
lar
ized
s
in
g
le
m
icr
o
s
tr
ip
p
atch
e
s
is
u
s
u
all
y
d
ef
i
n
ed
in
ter
m
s
o
f
it
s
VSW
R
o
r
in
p
u
t
i
m
p
ed
an
ce
v
ar
iatio
n
w
it
h
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
o
r
in
ter
m
s
o
f
r
ad
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n
s
p
ar
a
m
e
ter
s
.
C
o
m
m
o
n
l
y
VSW
R
i
s
a
v
er
y
p
o
p
u
lar
p
ar
am
eter
f
o
r
d
ef
in
i
n
g
th
e
B
W
o
f
a
m
icr
o
s
tr
ip
an
t
e
n
n
a.
T
h
e
B
W
o
f
a
m
icr
o
s
tr
ip
an
ten
n
a
is
d
ef
i
n
ed
as
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
r
an
g
e
o
v
er
w
h
ic
h
th
e
i
n
p
u
t V
SW
R
i
s
less
t
h
a
n
2
b
u
t c
er
tain
s
p
ec
if
icat
io
n
s
c
h
o
o
s
e
1
.
5
.
T
h
e
B
W
o
f
th
e
m
icr
o
s
tr
ip
an
te
n
n
a
(
MS
A
)
i
s
g
i
v
e
n
b
y
[
5
]
:
√
W
h
er
e
Q
is
t
h
e
q
u
alit
y
f
ac
to
r
o
f
th
e
MS
A
an
d
VSW
R
is
th
e
Vo
lta
g
e
Sta
n
d
in
g
W
av
e
R
atio
.
A
s
k
n
o
w
n
t
h
e
VSW
R
i
s
d
ef
i
n
ed
in
ter
m
s
o
f
i
n
p
u
t Re
tu
r
n
L
o
s
s
(
Γ)
b
y
:
|
|
|
|
T
h
e
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
f
o
r
ap
p
r
o
x
i
m
atel
y
ca
lc
u
lati
n
g
t
h
e
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
e
B
W
o
f
t
h
e
(
R
MS
A
)
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
p
atc
h
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
s
an
d
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
p
ar
am
eter
s
:
√
√
W
h
er
e
A
i
s
a
co
n
s
ta
n
t a
n
d
ca
n
tak
e
th
e
v
al
u
es 1
8
0
,
2
0
0
an
d
2
2
0
.
Fo
r
A
=1
8
0
√
Fo
r
A
=2
0
0
√
Fo
r
A
=2
2
0
√
W
h
er
e
h
is
t
h
e
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
t
h
ic
k
n
e
s
s
,
λ
o
i
s
th
e
w
a
v
ele
n
g
th
in
t
h
e
s
u
b
s
tr
ate,
εr
is
t
h
e
d
ielec
tr
ic
co
n
s
ta
n
t
o
f
s
u
b
s
tr
ate,
W
,
L
i
s
th
e
w
id
t
h
an
d
len
g
t
h
o
f
p
atch
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
.
Ov
er
all,
t
h
er
e
ar
e
s
ev
er
al
m
et
h
o
d
s
o
f
B
W
ex
p
an
s
io
n
,
s
u
c
h
a
s
u
s
i
n
g
n
o
tch
e
s
o
r
s
lo
ts
o
n
p
atc
h
an
ten
n
a
w
i
th
d
if
f
er
en
t
s
h
ap
es
as
s
q
u
ar
e
s
lo
t
[
6
]
,
U
-
s
lo
t
[
7
]
,
cir
cu
lar
s
lo
t
[
8
]
,
T
-
s
h
ap
ed
s
l
o
t
[
9
]
…
etc;
u
s
in
g
d
ielec
tr
ic
s
u
b
s
tr
ates
w
i
th
h
i
g
h
p
er
m
itti
v
it
y
[
1
0
]
,
in
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
th
ic
k
n
es
s
,
u
s
e
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
i
m
p
ed
a
n
ce
m
atc
h
in
g
a
n
d
f
ee
d
i
n
g
tech
n
iq
u
es
[
1
1
]
,
[
1
2
]
.
A
n
o
th
er
tec
h
n
i
q
u
e
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
s
i
g
n
i
f
ica
n
tl
y
t
h
e
s
lo
t
o
f
th
e
p
la
n
ar
m
o
n
o
p
o
le
an
te
n
n
a
f
ed
b
y
a
c
o
p
lan
ar
w
a
v
e
g
u
id
e
is
to
u
s
e
t
ap
er
ed
r
in
g
s
lo
t
an
ten
n
a
[
1
3
]
,
tu
n
i
n
g
s
t
u
b
[
1
4
]
,
L
-
p
r
o
b
e
f
ee
d
in
g
[
1
5
]
.
W
ell
as
o
th
er
m
et
h
o
d
s
o
f
m
icr
o
s
t
r
ip
elem
e
n
t
s
ca
n
al
s
o
b
e
u
s
e
d
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
[
1
6
]
,
[
1
7
]
.
I
n
th
i
s
w
o
r
k
,
w
e
p
r
esen
t
n
o
v
el
UW
B
an
ten
n
as
w
h
ic
h
w
er
e
in
v
e
s
ti
g
ated
.
T
h
ese
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
an
ten
n
a
s
ar
e
p
r
in
ted
o
n
m
icr
o
s
tr
ip
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
w
it
h
d
ef
ec
ted
g
r
o
u
n
d
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
to
m
atc
h
th
e
i
n
p
u
t
i
m
p
ed
an
ce
,
lar
g
e
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
a
n
d
s
tab
l
e
r
ad
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n
p
atter
n
s
t
h
at
ca
n
o
p
er
ate
o
v
er
a
w
id
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
b
an
d
.
De
tails
o
f
t
h
e
a
n
ten
n
a
d
esig
n
s
,
s
i
m
u
lated
an
d
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
r
esu
lts
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
an
d
d
i
s
cu
s
s
ed
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
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g
&
C
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m
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N:
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2.
UWB
ANTE
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u
r
e
1
s
h
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t
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ip
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elativ
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f
4
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4
an
d
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lo
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s
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g
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t o
f
0
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T
h
e
an
ten
n
a
s
tr
u
c
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d
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g
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is
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ased
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n
tr
ian
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lar
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T
h
e
p
r
o
p
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an
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n
a
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ig
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to
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t
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o
w
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
,
w
e
h
a
v
e
ap
p
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er
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tech
n
iq
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:
m
o
d
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f
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ian
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s
i
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g
t
h
e
s
tep
p
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cu
t
co
r
n
er
w
ith
t
h
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ee
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tep
s
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d
d
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g
r
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d
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lar
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ap
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r
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d
an
d
a
r
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g
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lar
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lo
t
b
elo
w
t
h
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m
icr
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s
tr
ip
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a
n
d
b
y
a
s
s
o
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a
n
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al
p
atch
Fig
u
r
e
2
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
ev
o
lu
tio
n
o
f
th
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p
r
o
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an
ten
n
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h
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in
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ter
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f
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p
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m
izatio
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ted
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T
a
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le
1
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Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Geo
m
e
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o
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e
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o
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o
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w
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B
o
tto
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le
1
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tim
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P
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(
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W
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u
r
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n
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3.
SI
M
UL
AT
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
S
AND
DIS
CUSS
I
O
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T
h
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n
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An
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n
a
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s
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o
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i
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
lated
r
ef
lec
tio
n
co
ef
f
ic
ien
t
o
f
d
esig
n
(
a)
is
s
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o
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i
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g
g
o
o
d
m
atc
h
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at
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e
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ir
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b
an
d
w
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th
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f
r
o
m
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4
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it
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e
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lectio
n
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e
f
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n
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e
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ase
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m
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v
e
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n
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icir
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lar
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r
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r
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ted
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n
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h
e
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o
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y
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atch
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s
s
h
o
w
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i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
2
(
d
)
,
it
p
er
m
i
ts
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
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d
to
en
lar
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e
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e
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a
n
d
w
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th
u
n
til
m
o
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e
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h
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1
2
GHz
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d
to
g
et
th
e
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est r
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n
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t f
r
eq
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en
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ies.
T
o
co
m
p
ar
e
th
e
o
b
tain
ed
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es
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y
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s
in
g
C
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-
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,
w
e
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av
e
u
s
ed
a
n
o
th
er
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D
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tr
o
m
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g
n
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.