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c
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Vo
l
.
21
,
N
o
.
3
,
M
a
r
c
h
2021
,
pp.
1513
~
1522
I
S
S
N:
25
02
-
4752,
DO
I
:
10
.
11591/i
j
e
e
c
s
.
v
21
.i
3
.
pp
1513
-
1522
1513
Jou
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[
1]
.
M
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N
:
2502
-
4752
I
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do
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J
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c
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&
C
o
m
p
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c
i
,
Vo
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.
21
,
N
o
.
3
,
M
a
r
c
h
2021
:
1513
-
1522
1514
c
l
a
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m
a
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r
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be
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[
2]
.
Ho
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[
3]
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[
4]
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c
y
m
o
r
e
i
f
c
o
m
p
a
r
e
d
to
t
h
e
i
m
ba
l
a
n
c
e
c
l
a
s
s
.
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
o
n
o
v
e
r
l
a
pp
i
ng
h
a
s
n
o
t
a
tt
r
a
c
t
e
d
m
uc
h
a
tt
e
n
t
i
o
n
,
c
o
m
pa
r
e
d
t
o
t
h
e
c
l
a
s
s
im
ba
l
a
n
c
e
pr
o
bl
e
m
t
h
a
t
h
a
s
c
a
ug
h
t
t
h
e
a
tt
e
n
t
i
o
n
o
f
m
a
ny
[
5]
.
W
he
n
t
h
e
s
e
t
wo
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
c
o
m
bi
ne
,
t
h
e
pr
o
bl
e
m
t
h
a
t
will
o
c
c
ur
b
e
c
o
m
e
s
m
o
r
e
s
e
r
i
o
us
a
n
d
w
i
ll
be
c
o
m
e
m
o
r
e
d
i
f
f
icu
l
t
i
f
t
h
e
pr
o
bl
e
m
o
c
c
ur
s
i
n
a
m
u
l
t
i
-
c
l
a
s
s
d
a
t
a
s
e
t
[
6]
.
C
l
a
s
s
im
ba
l
a
n
c
e
a
n
d
o
v
e
r
l
a
pp
i
ng
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
a
r
e
r
e
l
a
t
i
v
e
ly
e
a
s
i
e
r
to
h
a
n
d
l
e
i
n
bi
na
r
y
c
l
a
s
s
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
a
n
d
w
il
l
b
e
m
o
r
e
d
i
f
f
i
c
u
l
t
t
o
h
a
n
d
l
e
i
n
m
u
l
t
i
-
c
l
a
s
s
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
[
7]
S
om
e
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
e
r
s
c
o
ns
i
de
r
t
h
a
t
f
e
a
t
ur
e
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
i
s
t
h
e
b
e
s
t
m
e
t
h
o
d
i
n
de
a
li
ng
w
i
t
h
o
v
e
r
l
a
pp
i
ng.
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
c
o
n
du
c
t
e
d
by
a
n
u
m
be
r
o
f
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
e
r
s
i
nde
e
d
s
h
o
ws
t
h
a
t
f
e
a
t
ur
e
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
o
f
f
e
r
s
m
a
ny
a
dv
a
n
t
a
ge
s
i
n
o
v
e
r
c
o
m
i
ng
c
l
a
s
s
im
ba
l
a
n
c
e
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
,
e
s
pe
c
i
a
ll
y
t
h
o
s
e
i
nv
o
l
v
i
ng
t
h
e
e
li
mi
n
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
uni
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
v
e
pr
e
d
i
c
t
o
r
s
,
r
e
duc
i
n
g
t
h
e
d
im
e
ns
i
o
ns
o
f
f
e
a
t
ur
e
s
pa
c
e
,
a
n
d
m
o
s
t
i
m
po
r
t
a
n
t
l
y
f
e
a
t
ur
e
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
c
a
n
a
l
s
o
o
v
e
r
c
o
m
e
c
l
a
s
s
im
ba
l
a
n
c
e
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
[8
,
9]
.
T
h
e
r
e
a
r
e
a
n
u
m
be
r
o
f
f
e
a
t
ur
e
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
m
e
t
h
o
ds
t
h
a
t
c
a
n
b
e
us
e
d
i
n
o
v
e
r
c
o
m
i
ng
o
v
e
r
l
a
pp
i
ng
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
,
i
n
c
l
ud
i
ng
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
u
n
de
r
n
o
s
a
m
p
l
i
ng
[
10
,
11]
a
n
d
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
un
de
r
S
M
OT
E
[
12]
.
Ha
s
pr
o
ps
o
s
e
d
t
h
e
m
i
n
im
i
z
i
n
g
o
v
e
r
l
a
pp
i
n
g
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
un
d
e
r
n
o
-
s
a
m
p
li
ng
(
M
OS
NS)
a
n
d
mi
n
im
i
z
i
ng
o
v
e
r
l
a
pp
i
ng
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
u
n
de
r
S
M
OT
E
(
M
OSS
)
m
e
t
h
o
ds
i
n
o
v
e
r
c
o
m
i
ng
t
h
e
o
v
e
r
l
a
pp
i
ng
pr
o
bl
e
m
a
n
d
b
o
t
h
m
e
t
h
o
ds
ha
v
e
r
e
l
a
t
i
ve
ly
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
[
5,
13]
.
H
o
we
v
e
r
,
t
h
e
c
l
a
s
s
im
ba
l
a
n
c
e
pr
o
bl
e
m
c
a
nn
o
t
b
e
o
v
e
r
c
o
m
e
by
s
im
p
ly
us
i
ng
t
h
e
f
e
a
t
ur
e
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
.
T
h
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
o
f
pr
e
po
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
i
n
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
da
t
a
t
r
a
i
ni
ng
r
e
s
a
m
p
li
ng
i
s
a
bs
o
l
ut
e
l
y
n
e
c
e
s
s
a
r
y
[
1
4]
.
T
h
e
b
e
s
t
m
e
t
h
o
d
o
f
h
a
n
d
li
ng
im
ba
l
a
nc
e
c
l
a
s
s
e
s
in
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
s
t
h
a
t
a
l
l
o
w
f
o
r
a
pr
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
pr
o
c
e
s
s
to
o
v
e
r
c
o
m
e
t
h
e
we
a
k
n
e
s
s
e
s
o
f
f
e
a
t
ur
e
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
i
s
t
h
e
hy
br
i
d
e
ns
e
m
b
l
e
s
m
e
t
h
o
d
[
15]
.
I
n
f
a
c
t
,
a
n
u
m
be
r
o
f
s
t
ud
i
e
s
o
n
h
a
n
d
li
ng
i
m
ba
l
a
nc
e
c
l
a
s
s
e
s
a
n
d
o
v
e
r
l
a
pp
i
ng
bi
na
r
y
c
l
a
s
s
e
s
a
n
d
m
u
l
t
i
-
c
l
a
s
s
e
s
h
a
v
e
b
e
e
n
c
o
n
duc
t
e
d
by
a
n
u
m
be
r
o
f
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
e
r
s
.
H
a
s
pr
o
po
s
e
d
a
hy
b
r
i
d
m
e
t
h
o
d
us
i
n
g
a
m
o
d
i
f
i
e
d
b
a
c
k
-
pr
o
pa
ga
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
ga
b
r
i
e
l
gr
a
p
h
e
d
i
t
i
n
g
(
GC
E
)
o
n
t
h
e
c
l
a
s
s
im
ba
l
a
n
c
e
a
n
d
o
v
e
r
l
a
pp
i
ng
pr
o
b
l
e
m
s
f
o
r
m
u
l
t
i
-
c
l
a
s
s
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
a
n
d
ge
t
t
h
e
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
m
e
t
h
o
ds
t
h
e
y
pr
o
po
s
e
,
ge
t
g
oo
d
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
,
b
ut
i
f
a
p
p
l
i
e
d
t
o
hi
g
hly
im
ba
l
a
nc
e
d
da
t
a
s
e
t
s
,
t
h
e
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
o
b
t
a
i
n
e
d
a
r
e
s
t
i
ll
n
o
t
g
oo
d
a
n
d
i
f
c
o
up
l
e
d
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
a
pp
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
S
M
OT
E
,
t
h
e
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
o
b
t
a
i
n
e
d
c
a
n
be
b
e
t
t
e
r
[
16
]
.
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
c
o
n
duc
t
e
d
by
a
l
s
o
pr
o
vi
de
s
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
t
ha
t
S
M
OT
E
s
t
i
ll
pr
o
vi
de
s
t
h
e
b
e
s
t
s
o
l
ut
i
o
n
[
6]
.
H
a
s
de
f
i
ne
d
t
he
i
m
po
r
t
a
n
c
e
o
f
t
h
e
s
a
m
p
l
i
ng
pr
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
t
h
e
pr
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
s
t
a
ge
by
us
i
ng
c
l
u
s
t
e
r
i
n
g
b
a
s
e
d
u
n
de
r
s
a
m
p
li
ng
(
C
L
USB
US)
[
17]
.
T
h
e
O
v
e
r
s
a
m
p
li
ng
m
e
t
h
o
d
by
u
s
i
ng
S
M
OT
E
h
a
s
a
l
s
o
b
e
e
n
us
e
d
by
[
18]
i
n
de
a
li
ng
w
i
t
h
c
l
a
s
s
i
m
ba
l
a
n
c
e
a
n
d
o
v
e
r
l
a
pp
i
ng
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
.
I
t
c
a
n
b
e
s
e
e
n
t
h
a
t
m
o
s
t
o
f
t
h
e
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
t
ha
t
de
a
l
s
w
i
t
h
c
l
a
s
s
im
ba
l
a
nc
e
a
n
d
o
v
e
r
l
a
pp
i
ng
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
is
i
n
t
h
e
bi
na
r
y
c
l
a
s
s
pr
o
bl
e
m
a
n
d
t
h
e
r
e
a
r
e
n
o
t
m
a
ny
s
t
ud
i
e
s
t
h
a
t
di
s
c
us
s
m
u
l
t
i
-
c
l
a
s
s
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
.
O
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
s
t
udi
e
s
d
i
r
e
c
t
l
y
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
to
m
u
l
t
i
-
c
l
a
s
s
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
i
s
t
h
e
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
c
o
n
duc
t
e
d
by
[
16]
t
h
e
m
e
t
h
o
d
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
y
ha
v
e
pr
o
p
o
s
e
d
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
a
bl
e
t
o
o
v
e
r
c
o
m
e
t
h
e
c
l
a
s
s
i
mb
a
l
a
n
c
e
a
n
d
o
v
e
r
l
a
pp
i
ng
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
.
Ho
we
v
e
r
,
t
h
e
m
e
t
h
o
d
t
h
e
y
pr
o
po
s
e
i
s
s
t
i
ll
e
x
p
e
r
i
e
nc
i
n
g
l
im
i
t
a
t
i
o
n
s
w
h
e
n
vi
e
w
e
d
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
nc
e
c
l
a
s
s
if
i
e
r
e
s
pe
c
i
a
ll
y
t
h
o
s
e
r
e
l
a
t
i
n
g
t
o
A
UC
a
n
d
G
-
M
e
a
n
.
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
c
o
n
duc
t
e
d
by
[
16]
,
h
a
s
c
o
n
t
r
i
b
ut
e
d
t
h
o
ugh
t
i
n
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
t
he
im
po
r
t
a
n
c
e
o
f
hy
b
r
i
d
m
e
t
h
o
ds
t
h
a
t
us
e
t
h
e
f
e
a
t
ur
e
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
pr
o
c
e
s
s
a
t
t
h
e
pr
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
i
ng
s
t
a
ge
.
T
hi
s
pa
pe
r
pr
o
po
s
e
s
a
m
e
t
h
o
d
t
h
a
t
c
o
m
bi
ne
s
f
e
a
t
ur
e
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
hy
br
i
d
a
ppr
o
a
c
h
r
e
de
f
i
ni
t
i
o
n
(
HA
R
)
M
e
t
h
o
d
i
n
h
a
n
d
li
ng
c
l
a
s
s
im
ba
l
a
nc
e
a
n
d
o
v
e
r
l
a
pp
i
ng
f
o
r
m
u
l
t
i
-
c
l
a
s
s
im
ba
l
a
nc
e
d.
H
A
R
i
s
a
H
y
b
r
i
d
E
n
s
e
m
b
l
e
s
m
e
t
h
o
d
i
n
de
a
li
ng
w
i
t
h
c
l
a
s
s
i
m
ba
l
a
n
c
e
d
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
,
w
h
e
r
e
t
hi
s
m
e
t
h
o
d
us
e
s
S
M
OT
E
[
19]
a
s
a
pr
e
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[
16
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2502
-
4752
I
n
do
n
e
s
i
a
n
J
E
l
e
c
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
S
c
i
,
Vo
l
.
21
,
N
o
.
3
,
M
a
r
c
h
2021
:
1513
-
1522
1516
pe
n
a
l
t
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s
o
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na
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f
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m
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pr
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H
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m
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s
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d
da
t
a
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t
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s
ge
ne
r
a
t
e
d.
2.
4.
Cl
as
s
if
i
e
r
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
c
e
C
o
nf
us
i
o
n
M
a
t
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x
s
h
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l
a
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if
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c
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t
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f
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s
c
a
n
b
e
s
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n
i
n
T
a
bl
e
1
.
[
24]
.
T
a
bl
e
1.
C
o
n
f
u
s
i
o
n
m
a
t
r
i
x
C
la
s
s
if
ie
d a
s
P
o
s
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C
la
s
s
if
ie
d a
s
N
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ga
ti
ve
P
o
s
it
i
ve
S
a
mpl
e
s
T
r
u
e
P
o
s
it
i
v
e
(
T
P
)
F
a
ls
e
N
e
ga
ti
ve
(
F
N
)
N
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ga
ti
v
e
S
a
mpl
e
s
F
a
ls
e
P
o
s
it
i
v
e
(
F
P
)
T
r
u
e
N
e
ga
ti
ve
(
T
N
)
T
h
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pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
nc
e
c
l
a
s
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i
f
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r
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a
s
ur
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m
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n
t
us
e
s
a
n
u
m
be
r
o
f
pa
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
a
s
f
o
l
l
o
ws
:
T
P
R
=
TP
TP
+
FN
(
4)
F
P
R
=
FP
TN
+
FP
(
5)
T
NR
=
TN
TN
+
FP
(
6)
R
e
ca
l
l
=
T
P
R
(
7)
P
r
e
cis
io
n
=
P
P
V
a
l
u
e
=
TP
TP
+
FP
(
8)
F
-
M
e
a
s
u
r
e
=
2
R
P
R
+
P
(
9)
G
-
M
e
a
n =
√
.
(
10)
=
1
+
−
2
(
11)
A
c
c
o
r
d
i
n
g
to
[
25
]
i
n
m
u
l
t
i
-
c
l
a
s
s
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
t
h
e
m
e
a
s
ur
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
c
l
a
s
s
if
i
e
r
pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
i
s
de
t
e
r
m
i
ne
d
by
a
n
a
ve
r
a
ge
v
a
l
ue
.
S
o
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
m
e
a
s
ur
e
m
e
n
t
pa
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
b
e
c
o
m
e
a
s
f
o
l
l
o
w
s
:
−
=
∑
−
(
)
=
1
(
12)
−
=
∑
−
(
)
=
1
(
13)
=
∑
(
)
=
1
(
14)
=
∑
(
)
=
1
(
15)
I
n
(
4
)
i
t
c
a
n
be
s
e
e
n
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
t
r
ue
p
o
s
i
t
i
v
e
r
a
t
e
(
T
P
R
)
s
t
a
t
e
s
t
h
e
a
bil
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t
y
o
f
t
h
e
c
l
a
s
s
if
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n
c
l
a
s
s
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f
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ng
a
po
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i
t
i
v
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s
a
m
p
l
e
(
m
i
n
o
r
i
t
y
c
l
a
s
s
)
a
ppr
o
pr
i
a
t
e
l
y
.
t
h
e
f
a
l
s
e
po
s
i
t
i
ve
r
a
t
e
(
F
P
R
)
s
t
a
t
e
d
i
n
(
5
)
s
t
a
t
e
s
t
h
e
c
las
s
if
i
e
r
's
e
r
r
o
r
i
n
c
l
a
s
s
i
f
yi
ng
t
h
e
ne
ga
t
i
v
e
s
a
m
p
l
e
(
m
a
j
o
r
i
t
y
c
l
a
s
s
)
a
s
a
po
s
i
t
i
v
e
(
m
i
n
o
r
i
t
y
c
l
a
s
s
)
.
In
(
6
)
s
tat
e
s
t
h
e
c
l
a
s
s
if
i
e
r
's
a
bil
i
t
y
t
o
c
o
r
r
e
c
t
l
y
c
l
a
s
s
i
f
y
ne
ga
t
i
v
e
s
a
m
p
l
e
s
.
I
t
s
h
o
u
l
d
b
e
n
o
t
e
d
t
h
a
t
(
7
)
i
n
t
hi
s
c
a
s
e
r
e
c
a
l
l
i
s
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
a
s
T
P
R
o
r
s
o
m
e
o
t
h
e
r
t
e
r
m
s
t
a
t
e
s
a
s
s
e
ns
i
t
i
vi
t
y
.
W
h
e
r
e
a
s
t
h
e
P
r
e
c
i
s
i
o
n
s
t
a
t
e
d
i
n
(
8
)
i
s
a
m
e
a
s
ur
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o
f
e
x
a
c
t
n
e
s
s
t
h
a
t
s
t
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t
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pr
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p
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r
t
i
o
n
o
f
po
s
i
t
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v
e
s
a
m
p
l
e
s
t
h
a
t
a
r
e
c
l
a
s
s
if
i
e
d
c
o
r
r
e
c
t
l
y
c
o
m
pa
r
e
d
to
n
e
ga
t
i
ve
s
a
m
p
l
e
s
t
h
a
t
a
r
e
i
n
c
o
r
r
e
c
t
l
y
c
l
a
s
s
if
i
e
d
a
s
po
s
i
t
i
v
e
s
a
m
p
l
e
s
.
T
h
e
F
-
M
e
a
s
ur
e
a
n
d
G
-
M
e
a
n
s
t
a
t
e
d
i
n
(
9
)
a
n
d
(
10
)
s
t
a
t
e
t
h
e
a
bil
i
t
y
o
f
t
h
e
c
l
a
s
s
i
f
i
e
r
t
o
b
a
l
a
n
c
e
b
e
t
we
e
n
po
s
i
t
i
ve
s
a
m
p
l
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a
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d
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ga
t
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s
a
m
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a
c
c
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a
c
y
[
13]
.
T
h
e
A
U
C
s
t
a
t
e
d
i
n
(
11
)
s
t
a
t
e
s
t
h
e
r
a
n
do
m
pr
o
b
a
bil
i
t
y
o
f
a
po
s
i
t
i
v
e
s
a
m
p
l
e
t
o
b
e
c
l
a
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s
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f
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d
c
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r
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ly
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d
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n
do
m
pr
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b
a
bi
li
t
y
o
f
n
e
ga
t
i
v
e
s
a
m
p
l
e
s
[
26]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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by
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c
t
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A
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m
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t
h
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d,
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t
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s
o
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a
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m
e
t
h
o
ds
3.
1.
P
r
e
p
r
oc
e
s
s
in
g
s
t
age
P
r
e
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
S
t
a
ge
o
n
H
A
R
f
o
r
m
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l
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-
c
l
a
s
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pr
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m
s
w
il
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o
d
if
i
e
d
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s
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ng
M
OSS
a
n
d
us
i
ng
t
h
e
c
o
n
c
e
pt
o
f
b
o
r
de
r
l
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ne
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
f
o
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de
t
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m
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in
s
t
a
n
c
e
i
n
m
u
l
t
i
-
c
l
a
s
s
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
[
27]
.
T
h
e
pr
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
s
t
a
ge
s
f
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d
m
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d
c
a
n
b
e
s
e
e
n
i
n
t
h
e
f
o
l
l
o
w
i
ng
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
.
R
e
qu
i
r
e
:
S
e
t
S
o
f
e
x
a
m
p
l
e
s
(
x
1
,
y
1
)
.
E
n
s
ur
e
:
Ne
w
s
e
t
S’
o
f
e
x
a
m
p
l
e
s
w
i
t
h
M
OSS
.
1:
T
ot
a
l
s
i
z
e
←|S
|
.
2:
De
t
e
r
m
i
ne
k
a
s
t
h
e
n
u
m
be
r
o
f
N
e
a
r
e
s
t
N
e
ighbo
r
.
3:
F
o
r
Al
l
S
a
m
p
l
e
s
i
n
S
do
.
4:
De
t
e
r
m
i
ne
t
h
e
B
o
r
de
r
l
i
ne
o
f
P
o
s
i
t
i
v
e
o
r
M
i
n
o
r
i
t
y
C
l
a
s
s
a
s
E
O
+
.
5:
De
t
e
r
m
i
ne
t
h
e
B
o
r
de
r
l
i
ne
o
f
Ne
ga
t
i
v
e
o
r
M
a
j
o
r
i
t
y
C
l
a
s
s
a
s
E
O
−
.
6:
E
n
d
F
o
r
.
7:
F
o
r
A
l
l
S
a
m
p
l
e
s
i
n
E
O
+
do
.
8:
C
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
e
t
h
e
c
n(
e
)
i
a
s
n
e
i
g
b
o
r
h
oo
d
v
a
l
ue
f
o
r
e
a
c
h
s
a
m
p
l
e
.
9:
Or
de
r
A
s
c
e
n
d
i
ng
t
h
e
s
a
m
p
l
e
a
c
c
o
r
d
i
n
g
to
t
h
e
c
n
(
e
)
i
.
10:
E
n
d
F
o
r
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N
:
2502
-
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n
do
n
e
s
i
a
n
J
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l
e
c
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n
g
&
C
o
m
p
S
c
i
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Vo
l
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21
,
N
o
.
3
,
M
a
r
c
h
2021
:
1513
-
1522
1518
11:
B
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
a
c
a
n
d
i
da
t
e
e
n
s
e
m
bl
e
f
o
r
Saf
e
,
B
or
de
r
li
ne
,
R
ar
e
,
da
n
Outli
e
r
a
c
c
or
di
n
g
t
o
k
v
a
l
ue
.
12
:
C
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
i
n
g
S
pa
r
s
e
S
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
us
i
ng
(
2
)
.
13
:
C
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
i
n
g
L
o
s
s
P
e
na
l
t
y
us
i
ng
(
3
)
.
14
:
De
t
e
r
m
i
ne
s
p
a
r
s
e
r
e
gu
l
a
r
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
.
15
:
F
o
r
Al
l
S
a
m
p
l
e
s
i
n
M
inor
it
y
C
las
s
do
.
16:
S
a
m
p
li
ng
Al
l
I
n
s
t
a
n
c
e
w
i
t
h
M
OSS
.
17:
C
r
e
a
t
e
ne
w
M
inor
it
y
.
18:
C
r
e
a
t
e
ne
w
M
ajor
it
y
.
19:
E
n
d
F
o
r
.
20:
C
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
e
A
ug
m
e
n
t
e
d
R
-
Va
l
ue
.
21:
C
o
m
put
e
t
h
e
Opt
i
m
a
l
L
o
s
s
.
22:
R
e
t
u
r
n
S
’
.
I
n
t
h
e
pr
e
vi
o
u
s
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
,
i
t
c
a
n
b
e
s
e
e
n
t
h
a
t
a
f
t
e
r
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
n
g
a
m
u
l
t
i
-
c
l
a
s
s
da
t
a
s
e
t
,
t
h
e
n
e
x
t
s
t
e
p
i
s
de
t
e
r
m
i
n
i
ng
t
h
e
b
o
r
de
r
l
i
ne
f
o
r
m
i
n
o
r
i
t
y
a
n
d
m
a
j
o
r
i
t
y
c
l
a
s
s
.
Af
t
e
r
t
h
a
t
,
t
h
e
k
v
a
l
ue
w
il
l
b
e
de
t
e
r
m
i
n
e
d,
t
h
e
n
e
a
c
h
c
a
n
d
i
da
t
e
e
n
s
e
m
b
l
e
w
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ll
be
gr
o
upe
d
f
r
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t
h
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e
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s
t
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g
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ns
t
a
n
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t
o
S
a
f
e
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o
r
de
r
l
i
ne
,
R
a
r
e
,
Out
l
i
e
r
gr
o
ups
.
T
h
e
n
e
x
t
s
t
e
p
i
s
t
o
de
t
e
r
m
i
ne
t
h
e
S
pa
r
s
e
S
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
us
i
ng
(
2
)
a
n
d
de
t
e
r
m
i
ne
t
h
e
l
o
s
s
pe
na
l
t
y
u
s
i
n
g
(
3
)
.
Af
t
e
r
t
h
a
t
f
o
r
e
a
c
h
I
ns
t
a
n
c
e
i
n
mi
n
o
r
i
t
y
c
l
a
s
s
,
a
s
a
m
p
li
ng
pr
o
c
e
s
s
us
i
ng
M
OSS
w
i
ll
be
c
o
n
duc
t
e
d,
s
o
t
h
a
t
i
t
w
i
ll
pr
o
duc
e
n
e
w
mi
n
o
r
i
t
y
c
l
a
s
s
a
n
d
n
e
w
m
a
j
o
r
it
y
c
l
a
s
s
.
Af
t
e
r
a
l
l
t
h
e
s
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
e
s
a
r
e
c
a
r
r
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e
d
o
u
t,
t
h
e
A
ug
m
e
n
t
e
d
R
-
Va
l
ue
a
n
d
o
pt
i
m
a
l
l
o
s
s
w
il
l
be
c
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
e
d.
T
h
e
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
o
f
t
hi
s
pr
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
s
t
a
ge
a
r
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pr
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
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da
t
a
s
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t
s
whi
c
h
w
il
l
t
h
e
n
e
n
t
e
r
t
h
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
s
t
a
ge
.
3.
2.
P
r
oc
e
s
s
in
g
s
t
age
P
r
o
c
e
s
s
i
ng
s
t
a
ge
o
n
HA
R
f
o
r
m
u
l
t
i
-
c
l
a
s
s
pr
o
b
l
e
m
s
w
il
l
be
do
n
e
us
i
n
g
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
c
o
n
tr
i
b
ut
i
o
n
s
a
m
p
l
i
ng
.
D
if
f
e
r
e
n
t
c
o
n
t
r
i
b
ut
i
o
n
s
a
m
p
li
ng
i
s
a
n
e
x
c
e
ll
e
n
t
pr
o
c
e
s
s
i
ng
m
e
t
h
o
d
i
n
hy
br
i
d
e
ns
e
m
bl
e
s
[
22]
.
T
h
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
s
t
e
ps
c
a
n
b
e
s
e
e
n
i
n
t
h
e
f
o
l
l
o
w
i
ng
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
.
1:
F
o
r
i
=
1
to
Num
be
r
o
f
I
n
s
t
a
n
c
e
i
n
P
r
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
e
d
Da
t
a
s
e
t
d
o
.
2:
A
dd
P
r
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
e
d
Da
t
a
s
e
t
to
S
i
.
3
B
-
S
VM
wi
ll
do
f
o
r
c
l
a
s
s
if
yi
ng
S
i
.
4:
De
t
e
r
m
i
ne
t
h
e
M
a
j
o
r
i
t
y
C
l
a
s
s
.
5:
De
t
e
r
m
i
ne
t
h
e
M
i
n
o
r
i
t
y
C
l
a
s
s
.
6:
F
o
r
Al
l
I
ns
t
a
n
c
e
i
n
M
a
j
o
r
i
t
y
C
l
a
s
s
do
.
7:
Ne
wSVS
e
t
s
[
]
wi
ll
f
o
r
m
by
c
h
e
c
k
i
ng
a
n
d
de
l
e
t
e
t
h
e
n
o
i
s
e
i
n
S
V
S
e
t
s
.
8:
Ne
wN
S
VSet
s
[
]
wi
ll
f
o
r
m
by
m
u
l
t
i
p
l
e
R
US
.
9:
E
n
d
whi
l
e
.
10:
F
o
r
Al
l
i
ns
t
a
n
c
e
f
r
o
m
n
e
w
S
V
S
e
t
s
a
n
d
NSV
d
o
.
11:
C
r
e
a
t
e
a
n
i
n
s
t
a
nc
e
f
o
r
M
a
j
o
r
i
t
y
C
l
a
s
s
.
12:
E
n
d
F
o
r
.
13:
F
o
r
Al
l
I
ns
t
a
n
c
e
i
n
M
i
n
o
r
i
t
y
C
l
a
s
s
do
.
14:
S
M
OT
E
B
oo
s
t
P
r
o
c
e
s
s
f
o
r
S
V
S
e
t
s
a
n
d
c
r
e
a
t
e
S
M
OT
E
S
e
t
s
.
15:
e
n
d
whil
e
.
1
6:
F
o
r
Al
l
S
M
OT
E
S
e
t
s
a
n
d
Ne
wN
S
VSet
s
d
o
.
17:
Ne
w
P
o
s
i
t
i
v
e
S
a
m
p
l
e
S
e
t
s
.
18:
E
n
d
F
o
r
.
19:
F
o
r
Al
l
Ne
wN
e
g
a
t
i
ve
S
a
m
p
l
e
S
e
t
s
a
n
d
Ne
wPo
s
i
t
i
v
e
S
a
m
p
l
e
S
e
t
s
do
.
20:
R
e
s
u
l
t
Da
t
a
S
e
t
.
21:
E
n
d
F
o
r
.
22:
E
n
d
F
o
r
.
I
n
t
h
e
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
,
i
t
c
a
n
be
s
e
e
n
t
h
a
t
,
a
f
t
e
r
g
o
i
n
g
th
r
o
ugh
t
h
e
pr
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
s
t
a
ge
,
t
h
e
pr
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
da
t
a
s
e
t
wi
ll
b
e
o
b
t
a
i
n
e
d,
a
n
d
t
h
e
n
e
x
t
s
t
a
ge
o
f
pr
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
t
hi
s
da
t
a
s
e
t
w
i
ll
e
n
t
e
r
t
h
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
s
tage
.
T
hi
s
s
t
a
ge
i
s
c
a
r
r
i
e
d
o
ut
us
i
n
g
DC
S
t
h
r
o
ugh
t
h
e
B
-
S
VM
pr
o
c
e
s
s
t
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a
t
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ll
de
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t
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t
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s
t
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t
he
m
a
j
o
r
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t
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d
mi
n
o
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y
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l
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s
.
F
o
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a
c
h
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t
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m
a
j
o
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w
il
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n
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t
h
e
n
e
x
t
s
t
a
ge
.
F
o
r
e
a
c
h
i
ns
t
a
n
c
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
a
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c
l
a
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s
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n
d
mi
n
o
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s
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w
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o
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s
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s
(
S
V
S
e
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s
)
a
n
d
n
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n
-
s
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r
t
v
e
c
t
or
s
e
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s
(
NS
V
S
e
t
s
)
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
t
h
e
e
xi
s
t
i
n
g
h
y
pe
r
p
l
a
n
e
v
a
l
ue
s
.
F
o
r
i
n
s
t
a
n
c
e
s
t
h
a
t
b
e
l
o
n
g
t
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t
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e
S
V
S
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s
g
r
o
up
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n
t
h
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m
a
j
o
r
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t
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c
l
a
s
s
,
i
t
wi
ll
b
e
c
h
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c
ke
d
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m
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e
w
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l
e
t
h
e
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t
s
w
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ll
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n
d
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go
a
s
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m
p
li
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pr
o
c
e
s
s
us
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ng
r
a
n
do
m
u
n
d
e
r
s
a
m
p
li
ng
(
R
US)
.
T
h
e
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
o
f
t
h
e
R
US
pr
o
c
e
s
s
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ll
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e
c
o
m
bi
ne
d
w
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t
h
t
h
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1519
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a
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ug
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t
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d
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Va
l
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n
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R
M
e
t
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d
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h
e
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
g
i
v
e
n
a
r
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r
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l
a
t
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ly
go
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d
a
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d
t
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s
m
e
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ns
t
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a
t
b
ot
h
m
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n
d
l
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d
t
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l
a
pp
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pr
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bl
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m
we
ll
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B
a
s
e
d
o
n
t
h
e
va
l
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o
f
M
e
a
n
A
U
C
,
F
-
M
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a
s
ur
e
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G
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M
e
a
n
,
a
n
d
pr
e
c
i
s
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o
n
,
t
h
e
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
g
i
v
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n
by
F
e
a
t
ur
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t
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o
n
-
H
A
R
g
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ve
b
e
t
t
e
r
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
c
o
m
pa
r
e
d
to
M
B
P
+
GC
E
.
T
h
e
s
t
a
t
i
s
t
i
c
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l
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s
t
a
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s
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s
i
g
nif
i
c
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t
di
f
f
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r
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c
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s
be
t
we
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n
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h
e
t
wo
m
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t
h
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ds
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h
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d
i
f
f
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r
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nc
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r
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s
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l
t
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s
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nc
r
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a
s
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ng
ly
vi
s
i
b
l
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da
t
a
s
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t
s
w
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t
h
hi
g
h
im
ba
l
a
n
c
e
r
a
t
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o
s
,
w
hi
c
h
c
a
n
pr
o
vi
de
a
n
s
we
r
s
t
o
why
t
h
e
F
e
a
t
ur
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c
t
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A
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met
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d
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t
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h
a
s
a
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n
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t
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t
s
w
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t
h
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g
h
im
ba
l
a
n
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r
a
t
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o
s
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t
s
h
o
ul
d
b
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n
o
t
e
d
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
r
e
s
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l
t
s
g
i
v
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n
by
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o
t
h
m
e
t
h
o
ds
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n
d
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c
a
t
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t
h
a
t
t
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R
v
a
l
ue
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e
s
n
o
t
s
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g
nif
i
c
a
n
t
l
y
a
f
f
e
c
t
t
h
e
M
e
a
n
A
UC
,
F
-
M
e
a
s
ur
e
,
G
-
M
e
a
n
,
a
n
d
P
r
e
c
i
s
i
o
n
v
a
l
ue
s
.
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h
e
t
e
s
t
r
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s
u
l
t
s
s
h
o
w
t
h
a
t
t
h
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m
be
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f
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t
a
n
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a
n
d
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h
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n
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m
be
r
o
f
a
t
tr
i
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s
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i
nf
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n
t
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a
l
o
n
t
h
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r
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s
u
l
t
s
o
f
M
e
a
n
A
UC
,
F
-
M
e
a
s
ur
e
,
G
-
M
e
a
n
,
a
n
d
P
r
e
c
i
s
i
o
n
.
T
h
e
gr
e
a
t
e
r
t
h
e
n
u
m
be
r
o
f
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ns
t
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s
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d
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m
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r
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a
t
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t
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l
t
s
o
b
t
a
i
n
e
d
c
a
n
de
c
r
e
a
s
e
.
5.
CONC
L
USI
ON
B
a
s
e
d
o
n
t
h
e
t
e
s
t
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
,
i
t
c
a
n
be
s
e
e
n
t
h
a
t
i
n
t
e
r
m
s
o
f
o
v
e
r
l
a
pp
i
ng
h
a
n
d
li
ng,
b
o
t
h
m
e
t
h
o
ds
ha
v
e
b
e
e
n
a
bl
e
t
o
o
b
t
a
i
n
s
a
t
i
s
f
a
c
t
o
r
y
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
,
w
hi
c
h
a
r
e
i
n
d
i
c
a
t
e
d
by
a
f
a
i
r
ly
go
o
d
A
ug
m
e
n
t
e
d
R
-
Va
l
ue
.
M
e
a
n
w
hil
e
,
w
h
e
n
vi
e
we
d
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
M
e
a
n
A
U
C
,
F
-
M
e
a
s
ur
e
,
G
-
M
e
a
n
,
a
n
d
P
r
e
c
i
s
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o
n
va
l
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s
,
t
he
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
o
b
t
a
i
n
e
d
by
t
h
e
F
e
a
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ur
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l
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c
t
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o
n
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AR
M
e
t
h
o
d
a
r
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b
e
tt
e
r
wh
e
n
c
o
m
p
a
r
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d
t
o
t
h
e
M
B
P
+
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M
e
t
ho
d.
T
hi
s
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s
s
uppo
r
t
e
d
by
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h
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r
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o
f
s
t
a
t
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s
t
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c
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t
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s
t
s
us
i
ng
t
h
e
W
i
l
c
o
x
o
n
s
i
g
n
e
d
-
r
a
n
k
t
e
s
t
.
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ut
ur
e
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
,
m
us
t
b
e
a
bl
e
t
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v
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o
m
e
t
h
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de
c
l
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p
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r
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m
a
n
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f
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he
r
e
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s
a
da
t
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s
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t
wi
t
h
a
l
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n
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m
be
r
o
f
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t
a
n
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n
d
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l
s
o
a
l
a
r
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n
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m
be
r
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f
a
t
t
r
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b
ut
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s
.
T
h
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r
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s
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l
t
s
s
h
o
we
d
t
ha
t
b
ot
h
m
e
t
h
o
ds
ha
v
e
we
a
k
n
e
s
s
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s
w
h
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n
t
h
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r
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da
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l
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n
u
m
be
r
o
f
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tt
r
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s
.
AC
K
NOWL
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M
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NT
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T
hi
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r
c
h
wa
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f
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Gr
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t
f
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duc
a
t
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d
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M
i
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t
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a
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c
hn
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bli
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do
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RE
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NC
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]
L
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b
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as
h
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u
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ce:
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.
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6
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s
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.
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.
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ch
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Sa
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7
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.
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