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n J
o
urna
l o
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rica
l En
g
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m
pu
t
er
Science
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
2
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A
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g
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s
t
20
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p
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7
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SS
N:
2502
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DOI
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23
.i
2
.
pp
760
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7
1
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re
a
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teg
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tralize
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ies
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tri
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it
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o
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te
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u
a
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d
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e
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a
in
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rk
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p
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tri
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e
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lar,
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ll
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d
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x
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iq
u
e
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a
d
o
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le
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d
in
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u
c
ti
o
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g
e
n
e
ra
to
r
DFIG
d
riv
e
n
by
a
wi
n
d
t
u
rb
i
n
e
is
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e
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u
se
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to
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ti
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tri
c
a
l
n
e
two
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k
a
n
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to
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o
m
p
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n
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te
th
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rre
n
t
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ics
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ted
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p
p
l
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e
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rg
y
q
u
a
li
t
y
.
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h
e
Ac
ti
v
e
fil
terin
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f
u
n
c
ti
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c
o
n
sists
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st
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a
ll
in
id
e
n
ti
f
y
in
g
th
e
c
u
rre
n
t
h
a
rm
o
n
ic
s
u
sin
g
th
e
th
e
o
ry
of
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n
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n
tan
e
o
u
s
a
c
ti
v
e
a
n
d
re
a
c
ti
v
e
p
o
we
rs
q
u
a
li
ty
(
PQ
)
.
Th
e
n
,
t
h
e
c
lo
se
d
lo
o
p
b
a
se
d
on
th
e
fa
st
term
in
a
l
slid
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g
m
o
d
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
(
F
TS
M
C
)
c
o
n
tro
l
a
ll
o
ws
b
o
th
t
h
e
g
e
n
e
ra
to
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to
fo
ll
o
w
t
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e
o
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ti
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l
o
p
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ra
ti
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g
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of
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d
tu
r
b
i
n
e
a
n
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o
m
p
e
n
sa
te
fo
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th
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c
u
rre
n
t
h
a
rm
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n
ics
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Th
e
An
a
ly
sis
a
n
d
sim
u
latio
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re
su
lt
s
u
sin
g
M
ATLAB
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e
ffe
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ti
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th
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li
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ro
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o
se
d
m
e
th
o
d
s
a
n
d
a
lso
sh
o
w
th
e
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
s
of
th
e
law
c
o
n
tro
l
wh
ic
h
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
s
flex
ib
il
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y
,
h
i
g
h
p
re
c
isio
n
an
d
fa
st
re
sp
o
n
se
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
DFI
G
FTSMC
GSC
MPPT
R
S
C
SAPF
T
h
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y
of
in
s
tan
tan
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u
s
ac
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d
r
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p
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s
PQ
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
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n
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c
c
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ss
a
rticle
u
n
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r th
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CC B
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li
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se
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C
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uth
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r
:
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o
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ati
Ab
d
elwa
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ar
tm
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of
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lectr
ical
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n
g
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ab
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ato
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I
n
tellig
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s
tem
s
&
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lect
r
ical
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n
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NSAM
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ca
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an
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s
ity
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Mo
r
o
cc
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to
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h
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ter
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atic
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ts
.
1
,
2
,
3
T
h
r
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p
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ase
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ltag
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
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J
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&
C
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p
Sci
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N:
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-
4
7
5
2
A
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ca
p
a
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ilit
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a
s
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h
e
R
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a
ti
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b
d
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761
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=
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tio
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t A
ctiv
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Fil
ter
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o
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tin
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o
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s
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alter
n
ativ
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co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
o
f
r
ea
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p
o
wer
.
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
of
p
o
wer
elec
tr
o
n
ics,
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
p
o
wer
s
in
v
o
lv
e
d
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
ess
iv
e
f
lex
ib
ilit
y
of
th
e
s
em
ico
n
d
u
c
to
r
s
u
s
e
h
a
v
e
en
c
o
u
r
a
g
ed
t
h
e
ass
o
ciatio
n
of
s
tatics
p
o
wer
s
co
n
v
e
r
ter
s
with
elec
tr
ical
m
ac
h
in
es.
T
h
ese
d
ev
ices
b
ased
on
elec
tr
o
n
ic
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
ab
s
o
r
b
a
n
o
n
-
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
cu
r
r
en
t
a
n
d
th
er
ef
o
r
e
b
eh
av
e
as
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
g
en
er
ato
r
s
co
n
s
u
m
in
g
r
ea
cti
v
e
p
o
wer
;
th
ese
ar
e
th
e
m
ain
ca
u
s
e
of
elec
tr
ical
n
et
wo
r
k
d
is
tu
r
b
a
n
ce
s
an
d
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
[
1
]
.
W
h
en
u
s
in
g
lin
ea
r
lo
ad
s
on
an
elec
tr
ical
n
etwo
r
k
,
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
a
n
d
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
is
at
th
e
s
am
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
im
p
o
s
e
d
by
th
e
g
r
id
.
T
h
e
p
r
esen
ce
of
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
lo
ad
s
in
clu
d
es
co
m
m
o
n
o
f
f
ice
eq
u
i
p
m
en
t
s
u
ch
as
co
m
p
u
te
r
s
an
d
s
ca
n
n
er
s
,
f
lu
o
r
escen
t
lig
h
ti
n
g
,
b
atter
y
c
h
ar
g
er
s
an
d
v
ar
iab
le
-
s
p
ee
d
d
r
iv
es,
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
g
en
e
r
ate
a
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
cu
r
r
en
t
.
T
h
is
will
ca
u
s
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
lo
s
s
es
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
of
th
e
eq
u
ip
m
en
ts
[
2
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
,
p
o
wer
q
u
ality
p
r
o
b
lem
s
h
av
e
b
ec
o
m
e
an
im
p
o
r
ta
n
t
co
n
ce
r
n
n
o
wad
ay
s
.
Stan
d
ar
d
s
f
o
r
m
itig
atin
g
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
cu
r
r
en
t
ef
f
ec
ts
h
av
e
b
ee
n
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
e
d
to
lim
it
p
r
o
b
lem
s
not
o
n
ly
r
esu
lt
in
d
e
g
r
ad
atio
n
of
th
e
p
o
we
r
f
ac
to
r
,
but
also
lead
to
f
ailu
r
es
of
s
en
s
itiv
e
d
ev
ices
an
d
eq
u
ip
m
en
t
o
v
er
h
ea
tin
g
[
3
]
.
W
in
d
is
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
wid
ely
u
s
ed
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
a
f
ter
h
y
d
r
o
p
o
wer
[
4
]
.
Mo
r
e
th
e
win
d
is
one
of
th
e
lo
west
-
p
r
iced
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
av
ailab
le
to
d
ay
.
T
h
ese
d
ec
en
tr
alize
d
s
o
u
r
ce
s
can
not
o
n
ly
b
eh
a
v
e
as
ac
tiv
e
g
en
er
at
o
r
s
in
th
e
di
s
tr
ib
u
tio
n
n
etwo
r
k
s
,
b
u
t
m
u
s
t
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
y
s
tem
s
er
v
ice
s
(
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
)
lik
e
c
o
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
g
en
e
r
ato
r
s
an
d
p
ar
ticip
at
e
in
im
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
t
h
e
q
u
ality
of
elec
tr
ical
en
e
r
g
y
(
ac
tiv
e
f
ilter
in
g
f
u
n
ctio
n
)
[5
]
,
[
6
]
.
In
th
e
f
ir
s
t
tim
e,
p
ass
iv
e
f
i
lter
s
h
ad
b
ee
n
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
to
el
im
in
ate
th
e
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
ef
f
ec
ts
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
ese
ty
p
es
of
f
ilter
s
ar
e
h
ig
h
ly
s
en
s
itiv
e
to
r
an
d
o
m
v
ar
iatio
n
s
in
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
p
ar
am
eter
s
an
d
can
ca
u
s
e
r
es
o
n
an
ce
s
p
a
r
allel
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
im
p
ed
a
n
ce
[
7
]
.
A
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
f
ilter
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
d
e
v
elo
p
e
d
to
o
v
er
co
m
e
th
e
d
is
ad
v
an
tag
es
of
p
ass
iv
e
f
ilter
s
an
d
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
more
r
eliab
le
an
d
f
lex
ib
le
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
.
T
h
is
allo
ws
f
o
r
a
m
o
r
e
s
tab
le
n
etwo
r
k
.
Ho
o
n
e
t
a
l.
[
8
]
,
an
is
o
lated
s
h
u
n
t
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
f
ilter
is
test
ed
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
c
u
r
r
en
ts
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
by
a
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
l
o
ad
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
l
atio
n
r
esu
lts
of
th
e
g
r
id
cu
r
r
en
ts
af
ter
f
ilter
in
g
s
h
o
ws
a
T
HD%
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
r
ate
(
1
2
.
0
8
%)
wh
ich
ca
n
be
more
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
.
Gen
er
ally
[
9
]
,
s
h
u
n
t
ac
tiv
e
f
ilt
er
s
ar
e
in
ten
d
ed
to
act
in
a
d
ir
ec
t
an
d
d
y
n
am
ic
m
an
n
e
r
to
co
m
p
en
s
ate
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
or
m
itig
ate
th
eir
ef
f
ec
ts
on
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
s
.
To
ac
h
iev
e
th
is
g
o
al,
th
e
m
et
h
o
d
of
id
e
n
tify
in
g
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
r
e
f
er
en
ce
v
alu
es
s
h
o
u
ld
r
esp
o
n
d
in
r
ea
l
tim
e
an
d
ac
cu
r
ately
to
en
s
u
r
e
g
o
o
d
f
ilter
in
g
q
u
ality
.
T
h
e
alg
o
r
it
hms
f
o
r
id
en
tif
y
in
g
h
a
r
m
o
n
ic
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
s
of
cu
r
r
en
ts
or
v
o
ltag
es
ar
e
g
r
o
u
p
ed
in
th
e
liter
atu
r
e
in
two
d
o
m
ain
s
,
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
d
o
m
ain
or
th
e
tim
e
d
o
m
ain
.
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
s
of
id
en
tify
in
g
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
in
th
e
tim
e
d
o
m
ain
ar
e
c
h
ar
ac
ter
ized
by
a
f
ast
r
esp
o
n
s
e
tim
e
an
d
a
m
in
i
m
al
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
co
m
p
a
r
ed
to
th
e
m
eth
o
d
s
in
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
d
o
m
ai
n
[
1
0
]
.
T
h
e
in
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
p
o
wer
s
m
eth
o
d
PQ
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
by
Ak
ag
i
et
a
l
.
[
1
1
]
,
u
s
es
th
e
C
o
n
co
r
d
ia'
s
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
of
s
im
p
le
v
o
ltag
es
an
d
cu
r
r
en
ts
ab
s
o
r
b
ed
by
th
e
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
lo
ad
,
in
o
r
d
er
to
ca
lcu
late
in
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
r
ea
l
an
d
im
ag
in
a
r
y
p
o
wer
s
.
T
h
e
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
of
th
e
p
o
wer
s
is
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ed
in
to
a
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
an
d
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
in
to
o
s
cillato
r
y
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
T
h
is
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
k
ee
p
o
n
ly
th
e
t
er
m
r
ep
r
esen
tin
g
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
Ah
m
ed
an
d
Ali
[
1
2
]
,
th
e
g
r
id
s
id
e
co
n
v
er
ter
(
GSC
)
of
win
d
en
er
g
y
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
s
y
s
(
W
E
C
S
)
eq
u
ip
p
e
d
with
DFI
G
was
u
s
ed
as
a
s
h
u
n
t
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
f
ilter
(
SAPF
)
f
o
r
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
t
h
e
p
o
wer
q
u
ality
.
W
ith
a
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
u
s
in
g
PI
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
th
e
q
u
ality
of
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
ts
in
jecte
d
in
to
th
e
n
et
wo
r
k
can
be
more
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
[
1
3
]
.
In
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
wo
r
k
[
1
4
]
,
we
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
c
o
n
tr
o
l
alg
o
r
ith
m
to
ex
t
r
ac
t
th
e
o
p
tim
u
m
p
o
wer
p
o
in
t
in
th
e
W
E
C
S,
th
at
allo
wed
th
e
d
o
u
b
ly
f
e
d
in
d
u
ctio
n
g
en
er
ato
r
DFI
G
to
tr
ac
k
th
e
o
p
tim
al
o
p
er
atio
n
p
o
in
ts
of
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
s
y
s
tem
u
n
d
e
r
f
lu
ctu
atin
g
win
d
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
,
a
n
d
th
e
tr
ac
k
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
s
p
ee
d
s
up
o
v
er
tim
e.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
we
h
ad
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
ad
v
an
c
ed
m
ax
im
u
m
p
o
wer
p
o
in
t
tr
ac
k
in
g
(
MPPT)
tech
n
iq
u
e.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
co
n
s
is
ted
in
in
s
er
tin
g
a
Kalm
an
o
b
s
er
v
er
to
esti
m
ate
th
e
m
ec
h
an
ical
to
r
q
u
e,
th
en
to
s
y
n
th
esize
an
MPPT
co
n
tr
o
ller
by
b
ack
-
s
tep
p
i
n
g
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
to
g
en
er
ate
th
e
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
to
r
q
u
e
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
lik
e
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
So
,
a
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
21
:
760
-
7
7
1
762
h
ig
h
o
r
d
e
r
s
lid
in
g
mode
co
n
t
r
o
ller
was
s
y
n
th
esized
in
o
r
d
er
to
r
eg
u
late
b
o
th
th
e
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
to
r
q
u
e
an
d
th
e
s
tato
r
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
we
r
to
ac
h
iev
e
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
aim
s
.
In
th
is
wo
r
k
,
by
u
s
in
g
th
e
s
am
e
co
n
tr
o
l
of
th
e
ro
to
r
s
id
e
co
n
v
er
ter
r
o
t
o
r
s
id
e
co
n
v
er
ter
(
R
SC
)
lik
e
in
F
ig
u
r
e
2.
We
aim
b
o
t
h
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
p
o
wer
ef
f
icien
cy
a
n
d
to
r
e
d
u
ce
th
e
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
g
en
er
ate
d
by
non
-
lin
ea
r
lo
ad
s
.
We
in
v
esti
g
a
te
th
e
non
-
lin
ea
r
co
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
iq
u
e
b
ased
to
th
e
n
ew
r
o
b
u
s
t
f
ast
ter
m
in
al
s
lid
in
g
mode
co
n
tr
o
l
(
FTSMC).
T
h
e
d
y
n
am
ic
ter
m
i
n
al
s
lid
in
g
m
o
d
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
f
o
r
m
u
lated
b
ased
on
L
y
a
p
u
n
o
v
th
eo
r
y
s
u
ch
t
h
at
th
e
s
lid
in
g
p
h
ase
of
th
e
clo
s
ed
-
lo
o
p
c
o
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
tem
ca
n
be
g
u
ar
an
t
ee
d
,
also
c
h
atter
in
g
p
h
en
o
m
en
o
n
ca
u
s
ed
by
th
e
cl
ass
ical
s
lid
in
g
mode
co
n
tr
o
l
c
an
be
elim
in
ated
,
an
d
h
ig
h
p
r
e
cisi
o
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
c
e
is
ac
h
iev
ed
[1
5
].
T
h
e
d
o
cu
m
en
t
is
o
r
g
an
ize
d
:
in
s
ec
tio
n
(
2
.
1
)
,
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
a
l
co
n
tr
o
l
o
b
jectiv
es
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
.
T
h
en
in
p
ar
a
g
r
ap
h
(
2
.
2
)
th
e
m
ath
e
m
atica
l
m
o
d
el
of
th
e
DFI
G
is
d
etailed
.
In
s
ec
tio
n
(
2
.
3
)
,
th
e
g
en
e
r
atio
n
of
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
cu
r
r
en
t
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
s
is
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
,
u
s
in
g
th
e
p
r
in
cip
le
of
th
e
in
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
p
o
wer
PQ
m
eth
o
d
wid
ely
u
s
ed
in
th
e
liter
atu
r
e.
In
(
2
.
4
)
,
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
law
u
s
in
g
f
ast
ter
m
in
al
s
lid
in
g
mode
co
n
tr
o
l
FTSMC
is
s
y
n
th
esized
.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
of
th
e
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
is
illu
s
tr
ated
by
s
im
u
latio
n
s
in
s
ec
tio
n
3
a
n
d
c
o
m
p
ar
e
d
to
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
ésu
lts
of
th
e
tech
n
iq
u
e
b
ased
on
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
o
r
d
e
r
s
lid
in
g
mode
co
n
tr
o
l
d
ev
elo
p
ed
in
[
1
0
]
.
Fin
aly
,
we
co
n
clu
d
e
a
n
d
a
lis
t
of
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
co
m
p
lete
th
e
p
ap
er
.
2.
ST
RA
T
E
G
Y
OF
CO
N
T
RO
L
2
.
1
.
Co
ntr
o
l
o
bje
ct
iv
e
T
h
er
e
ar
e
two
o
p
er
atio
n
al
o
b
je
ctiv
es
of
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
:
−
I
d
en
tify
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
u
s
in
g
th
e
in
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
p
o
wer
PQ
m
eth
o
d
wid
ely
u
s
ed
in
th
e
liter
atu
r
e.
T
h
e
n
d
ef
in
e
th
e
e
q
u
iv
alen
t
r
o
to
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
.
−
Desig
n
a
law
u
s
in
g
Fas
t
ter
m
i
n
al
s
lid
in
g
m
o
d
e
co
n
tr
o
l
FTS
MC
to
en
s
u
r
e
a
b
etter
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
r
ate
of
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
'
s
cu
r
r
en
ts
an
d
a
u
n
it
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
.
Fig
u
r
e
1.
Prin
cip
le
of
th
e
MPPT
b
lo
c
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
s
g
en
e
r
ato
r
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Pr
in
cip
le
of
th
e
co
n
t
r
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
A
ctive
filt
erin
g
ca
p
a
b
ilit
y
b
a
s
ed
on
t
h
e
R
S
C
c
o
n
tr
o
l
of
WEC
S
eq
u
ip
p
ed
w
ith
a
DF
I
G
(
To
u
a
ti
A
b
d
elw
a
h
ed
)
763
2
.
2
.
M
o
delin
g
of
t
he
DF
I
G
T
h
e
v
ec
to
r
co
n
tr
o
l
of
th
e
d
o
u
b
ly
f
ed
in
d
u
ctio
n
g
en
er
at
o
r
D
FIG
p
r
o
v
i
d
es
f
aster
r
esp
o
n
s
e
d
y
n
am
ics
an
d
b
etter
to
r
q
u
e
co
n
tr
o
l
ac
cu
r
ac
y
.
In
th
is
co
n
tex
t,
a
v
ec
to
r
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
with
o
r
ien
te
d
s
tato
r
f
lu
x
h
as
b
ee
n
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
.
T
h
e
elec
tr
ical
e
q
u
a
tio
n
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
g
en
e
r
ato
r
in
t
h
e
p
ar
k
f
r
am
e
ar
e
wr
itten
[
1
6
]
:
T
h
e
s
tato
r
an
d
r
o
to
r
f
lu
x
ar
e
e
x
p
r
ess
ed
by:
{
∅
=
∙
+
∙
∅
=
∙
+
∙
∅
=
∙
+
∙
∅
=
∙
+
∙
(
1
)
T
h
e
r
elatio
n
(
2
)
g
iv
es
th
e
s
tato
r
an
d
r
o
to
r
v
o
ltag
es
eq
u
atio
n
s
,
[
1
7
]
:
{
=
∙
+
∅
−
∙
∅
=
∙
+
∅
+
∙
∅
=
∙
+
∅
−
∙
∅
=
∙
+
∅
+
∙
∅
(
2
)
T
h
e
r
elatio
n
(
3
)
d
ef
in
e
th
e
s
tato
r
ac
tiv
e,
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
s
an
d
th
e
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
to
r
q
u
e
[
1
8
]
:
{
=
∙
+
∙
=
∙
−
∙
=
∙
∙
(
−
)
(
3
)
b
y
s
ettin
g
th
e
q
u
ad
r
atic
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
of
th
e
s
tato
r
’
s
f
lu
x
to
n
u
ll
v
alu
e
an
d
n
eg
lectin
g
th
e
v
alu
e
of
th
e
s
tato
r
win
d
in
g
r
esis
to
r
R
S,
th
e
v
o
lta
g
e
an
d
f
lu
x
e
q
u
atio
n
s
of
th
e
s
t
ato
r
win
d
in
g
ar
e
s
im
p
lifie
d
in
s
tead
y
s
tate
as:
{
∅
=
∅
=
⇒
∅
=
0
≃
0
⇒
=
0
(
4
)
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
co
m
b
in
in
g
(
1
)
an
d
(
4
)
we
g
et
t
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
s
im
p
l
if
ied
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
:
{
=
−
∙
=
(
∅
−
∙
)
(
5
)
Usi
n
g
th
e
B
lo
n
d
el
d
is
p
er
s
io
n
co
ef
f
icien
t
σ,
(
1
)
a
n
d
(
2
)
we
o
b
tain
th
e
s
im
p
lifie
d
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
:
{
=
1
(
−
+
)
=
1
(
−
−
−
⋅
)
(
6
)
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
r
elatio
n
(
3
)
ca
n
be
wr
itten
as:
{
=
−
√
3
∙
∙
∙
=
√
3
∙
∙
(
∅
−
∙
)
∙
1
=
−
∙
∙
∅
∙
(
7
)
2
.
3
.
Re
f
er
ence
s
ha
rm
o
nic
g
ener
a
t
o
r
Fig
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
ws
th
e
s
h
ap
e
of
t
h
e
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
ab
s
o
r
b
ed
by
th
e
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
lo
ad
f
o
r
m
ed
by
a
r
ec
tifie
r
cir
cu
it.
T
h
e
p
r
in
cip
le
of
th
e
in
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
p
o
we
r
m
eth
o
d
a
d
o
p
te
d
h
er
e
c
o
n
s
is
ts
of
th
e
tr
a
n
s
itio
n
f
r
o
m
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
s
y
s
tem
s
co
n
s
is
tin
g
of
s
im
p
le
v
o
ltag
es
an
d
lin
e
cu
r
r
en
ts
to
a
s
y
s
tem
αβ
u
s
in
g
th
e
C
o
n
co
r
d
ia
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
T
h
e
C
o
n
c
o
r
d
i
a
tr
an
s
itio
n
m
atr
ix
is
[
1
9
]
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
21
:
760
-
7
7
1
764
[
32
]
=
√
2
3
⋅
[
1
−
1
2
−
1
2
0
√
3
2
−
√
3
2
]
(
8
)
[
]
=
[
32
]
⋅
[
1
2
3
]
(
9
)
[
ℎ
ℎ
]
=
[
32
]
⋅
[
ℎ
1
ℎ
2
ℎ
3
]
(
1
0
)
T
h
e
r
elatio
n
(
1
1
)
g
iv
es
th
e
in
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
s
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
.
[
]
=
[
−
]
⋅
[
]
(
1
1
)
E
ac
h
of
t
h
e
in
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
p
o
w
er
s
co
n
s
is
ts
of
two
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
s
:
d
ir
ec
t
an
d
alter
n
ativ
e.
{
=
̄
+
̃
=
̄
+
̃
(
1
2
)
W
h
e
r
e
̃
̃
r
e
p
r
e
s
e
n
t
t
h
e
a
l
t
e
r
n
a
tiv
e
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
to
t
h
e
i
n
t
e
r
a
c
t
i
o
n
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
t
h
e
s
i
m
p
l
e
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
s
a
n
d
t
h
e
h
a
r
m
o
n
i
c
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
s
of
t
h
e
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
o
r
d
e
r
s
.
To
e
x
t
r
a
c
t
t
h
e
h
a
r
m
o
n
i
c
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
i
n
s
t
a
n
ta
n
e
o
u
s
a
ct
i
v
e
a
n
d
r
e
a
ct
iv
e
p
o
w
e
r
s
,
we
u
s
e
a
s
e
c
o
n
d
o
r
d
e
r
l
o
w
-
p
a
s
s
f
i
lt
e
r
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
i
g
u
r
e
3.
F
r
o
m
(
7
)
,
we
d
e
f
i
n
e
t
h
e
r
o
t
o
r
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
r
e
f
er
e
n
c
e
s
c
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
n
d
i
n
g
to
t
h
e
h
a
r
m
o
n
i
c
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
s
p
r
o
d
u
c
e
d
by
t
h
e
non
-
l
i
n
e
a
r
l
o
a
d
.
ℎ
=
̃
.
−
.
ℎ
=
(
∅
−
̃
.
.
)
(
1
3
)
Fig
u
r
e
3.
Sch
em
e
f
o
r
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
of
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
cu
r
r
en
ts
u
n
d
e
r
MA
T
L
AB
/SIM
UL
I
NK
2
.
4
.
D
y
na
m
ic
f
a
s
t
t
er
m
ina
l
SM
C
co
ntr
o
ller
s
y
nthe
s
is
2
.
4
.
1.
P
rinciple
of
F
T
SM
C
c
o
ntr
o
ller
T
h
e
class
ical
co
m
m
an
d
s
by
s
lid
in
g
mode
en
s
u
r
e
an
asy
m
p
to
tic
er
r
o
r
co
n
v
er
g
e
n
ce
;
wh
ile
th
e
f
ast
ter
m
in
al
s
lid
in
g
m
o
d
e
co
n
t
r
o
l
(
FTSMC)
tech
n
iq
u
es
en
s
u
r
e
f
i
n
ite
tim
e
co
n
v
er
g
en
ce
of
th
e
e
r
r
o
r
[
2
0
]
.
L
et
us
co
n
s
id
er
th
e
g
en
er
alize
d
f
o
llo
win
g
s
lid
in
g
f
u
n
ctio
n
:
=
̇
(
)
+
(
)
+
|
(
)
|
⁄
∙
(
(
)
)
(
1
4
)
W
h
er
e
,
>
0
&
,
(
<
)
ar
e
p
o
s
itiv
e
p
a
r
am
eter
s
.
W
h
en
s
ten
d
s
to
0,
x
(
t)
ten
d
s
to
0
in
f
in
ite
tim
e.
T
h
e
r
elatio
n
(
1
4
)
b
ec
o
m
e:
̇
(
)
=
−
(
)
−
(
)
⁄
(
1
5
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
A
ctive
filt
erin
g
ca
p
a
b
ilit
y
b
a
s
ed
on
t
h
e
R
S
C
c
o
n
tr
o
l
of
WEC
S
eq
u
ip
p
ed
w
ith
a
DF
I
G
(
To
u
a
ti
A
b
d
elw
a
h
ed
)
765
Fro
m
r
elatio
n
(
1
5
)
,
we
wr
ite:
−
⁄
∙
+
∙
(
1
−
⁄
)
=
−
(
1
6
)
We
ch
o
o
s
e
th
e
v
ar
iab
le
y
as:
=
(
−
)
→
=
(
−
)
∙
−
∙
(
1
7
)
By
co
m
b
in
in
g
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
(
1
7
)
an
d
(
1
8
)
,
we
g
et:
+
(
−
)
∙
=
−
(
−
)
(
1
9
)
R
elatio
n
(
1
9
)
can
be
wr
itten
a
s
:
+
(
)
∙
=
(
)
(
2
0
)
T
h
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
of
th
is
eq
u
atio
n
is
[
2
1
]
:
(
)
=
−
∫
(
)
0
∙
(
∫
(
)
∙
−
∫
(
)
0
0
+
0
)
(
2
1
)
W
h
er
e
:
0
=
(
0
)
.
Fro
m
r
elatio
n
s
(
19)
,
(
2
0
)
a
n
d
(
2
1
)
.
We
g
et
th
e
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
of
y
(
t)
as
:
(
)
=
−
+
∙
−
(
−
)
+
(
0
)
∙
−
(
−
)
(
2
2
)
we
ass
u
m
e
th
at
f
o
r
t
=
t
s
:
x
(
t
s
)
=
0
an
d
y
(
ts
)
=
0.
−
∙
=
+
∙
(
0
)
(
2
3
)
Fro
m
th
e
in
itial
s
tate
(
0
)
≠
0
f
o
r
t
=
0,
th
e
co
n
v
er
g
en
ce
tim
e
t
S
is
th
en
ex
p
r
ess
ed
by
[
2
2
]
:
=
(
−
)
∙
(
∙
(
0
)
−
+
)
(
2
4
)
2
.
4
.
2
.
Co
ntr
o
ller
Sy
nthesis
A
c
c
o
r
d
i
n
g
to
F
i
g
u
r
e
1
,
t
h
e
g
l
o
b
a
l
r
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
s
of
t
h
e
r
o
t
o
r
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
s
(
∗
∗
,
∗
∗
)
c
o
n
s
is
t
of
t
h
e
r
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
es
of
t
h
e
M
P
P
T
b
l
o
c
k
a
n
d
of
t
h
e
h
a
r
m
o
n
i
c
r
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
o
r
.
I
n
i
t
i
a
ll
y
,
we
d
e
f
i
n
e
t
h
e
f
o
ll
o
w
in
g
e
r
r
o
r
s
[
2
3
]
,
[
24]
:
{
1
=
−
∗
∗
2
=
−
∗
∗
(
2
5
)
L
et
us
co
n
s
id
er
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
s
lid
in
g
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
:
{
q
=
̇
1
+
1
1
+
1
1
1
1
⁄
d
=
̇
2
+
2
2
+
2
2
2
2
⁄
(
2
6
)
W
h
en
S1
an
d
S2
c
o
n
v
e
r
g
e
to
war
d
s
0,
th
e
er
r
o
r
s
e1
a
n
d
e2
a
ls
o
co
n
v
er
g
e
to
war
d
s
0
in
f
in
it
e
tim
e.
{
̇
1
=
−
1
1
−
1
1
1
1
⁄
̇
2
=
−
2
2
−
2
2
2
2
⁄
(
2
7
)
Fro
m
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
(
2
5
)
a
n
d
(
2
7
)
we
g
et:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
21
:
760
-
7
7
1
766
{
=
̇
∗
∗
−
1
1
−
1
1
1
1
⁄
=
∗
∗
−
2
2
−
2
2
2
2
⁄
(
2
8
)
C
o
m
b
in
in
g
(
6
)
an
d
(
2
8
)
,
we
es
tab
lis
h
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
c
o
n
tr
o
l
l
aws:
=
̇
∗
∗
+
+
+
∅
−
1
1
−
1
1
1
1
⁄
(
2
9
)
=
̇
∗
∗
+
−
+
2
2
−
2
2
2
2
⁄
(
3
0
)
3.
SI
M
UL
A
T
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
S
AND
ANA
L
YS
I
S
In
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
,
we
u
s
e
th
e
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
eq
u
atio
n
s
to
s
im
u
late
b
o
th
th
e
g
en
e
r
ato
r
,
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
lo
ad
an
d
th
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
In
[2
5
],
we
h
ad
alr
ea
d
y
d
ea
lt
MPPT
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
u
s
,
in
th
is
s
im
u
latio
n
,
we
f
o
cu
s
on
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
s
of
th
e
FTSMC
tech
n
iq
u
e
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
th
e
m
iti
g
atio
n
of
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
g
en
er
ated
by
a
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
lo
ad
.
T
h
en
,
a
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
of
its
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
to
th
at
of
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
o
r
d
e
r
s
lid
in
g
mode
ad
o
p
ted
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ly
is
p
r
esen
ted
in
[
1
0
]
.
Sy
s
tem
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
c
es
h
av
e
b
ee
n
v
alid
ated
by
s
im
u
latio
n
in
MA
T
L
AB
/SIM
UL
I
NK
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
T
h
e
T
ab
les
1
an
d
2
s
u
m
m
ar
ize
th
e
p
a
r
am
eter
s
of
th
e
tu
r
b
i
n
e
a
n
d
DFI
G
[
2
6
]
.
W
h
ile
T
ab
le
3
co
n
tain
th
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
’
s
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
T
h
e
DC
lin
k
v
o
ltag
e
is
in
itially
s
et
at
8
0
0
V.
Fig
u
r
es
4
(
a
)
an
d
4
(
b
)
s
h
o
w
th
e
s
h
ap
e
of
th
e
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
lo
ad
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
an
d
its
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
an
a
ly
s
is
.
T
h
e
non
-
lin
ea
r
lo
ad
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
s
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
cu
r
r
en
ts
with
a
h
ig
h
T
HD
(
T
HD=
3
1
.
3
5
%).
To
g
et
s
atis
f
ac
to
r
y
r
esu
lts
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
,
t
h
e
cu
r
r
en
ts
of
th
e
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
lo
ad
m
u
s
t
not
ex
ce
ed
1
0
%
of
th
e
n
o
m
in
al
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
g
en
e
r
ated
by
th
e
DFI
G.
Ta
b
le
1.
T
h
e
p
ar
am
ete
r
s
of
t
u
r
b
in
e
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
V
a
l
u
e
s
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
V
a
l
u
e
s
P
N
1
.
5
M
W
ρ
1
.
2
2
5
K
g
/
m
3
N
o
mb
r
e
of
B
l
a
d
e
s
3
B
l
a
d
e
l
e
n
g
t
h
3
5
.
2
5
m
T
ab
le
2.
T
h
e
p
ar
am
ete
r
s
of
D
FIG
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
V
a
l
u
e
s
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
V
a
l
u
e
s
P
N
1
.
5
M
W
L
r
0
.
0
1
3
6
H
R
S
0
.
0
1
2
Ω
L
M
0
.
0
1
3
5
H
R
r
0
.
0
2
1
Ω
F
0
.
0
0
2
4
N
/
r
d
/
s
Ls
0
.
0
1
3
7
H
J
0
.
1
7
5
k
g
.
m
T
ab
le
3
.
C
o
n
tr
o
ller
p
ar
am
eter
s
by
FTSMC
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
V
a
l
u
e
s
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
V
a
l
u
e
s
q
1
10
q
2
10
p
1
11
p
2
11
α
1
15
α
2
5
β
1
5
0
0
β
2
1
0
0
(
a)
(
b
)
F
i
g
u
r
e
4.
S
h
a
p
e
of
non
-
l
i
n
e
a
r
l
o
a
d
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
s
a
n
d
it
F
F
T
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
;
(
a
)
n
o
n
-
l
i
n
e
a
r
l
o
a
d
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
s
a
n
d
(
b
)
F
F
T
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
In
Fig
u
r
e
5,
it'
s
s
h
o
wn
th
e
ev
o
lu
tio
n
of
th
e
win
d
s
p
ee
d
at
th
e
s
y
s
tem
in
p
u
t.
In
f
ac
t,
at
t=3
s
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
s
tep
of
4
.
5
m
/s
is
ad
d
ed
to
t
h
e
win
d
s
p
ee
d
.
T
h
is
allo
ws
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
more
win
d
p
o
wer
an
d
g
en
er
ate
h
ig
h
er
cu
r
r
en
ts
on
t
h
e
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
.
Fig
u
r
es
6
(
a)
an
d
6
(
b)
s
h
o
w
th
e
s
h
ap
e
of
th
e
elec
tr
ic
al
n
etwo
r
k
cu
r
r
en
ts
g
en
er
ated
a
f
ter
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
of
th
e
h
a
r
m
o
n
ic
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
b
ased
on
t
h
e
tech
n
iq
u
e
of
s
ec
o
n
d
o
r
d
er
s
lid
in
g
m
o
d
es
.
W
h
ile
F
ig
u
r
es
6
(
c)
an
d
6
(
d)
s
h
o
w
th
e
s
h
ap
es
of
th
e
cu
r
r
en
ts
wh
en
th
e
FTSMC
m
eth
o
d
h
as
b
ee
n
ad
o
p
ted
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
A
ctive
filt
erin
g
ca
p
a
b
ilit
y
b
a
s
ed
on
t
h
e
R
S
C
c
o
n
tr
o
l
of
WEC
S
eq
u
ip
p
ed
w
ith
a
DF
I
G
(
To
u
a
ti
A
b
d
elw
a
h
ed
)
767
On
e
can
n
o
te
a
f
ast
co
n
v
er
g
en
ce
f
o
r
th
e
FTSMC
tech
n
iq
u
e
co
m
p
a
r
ed
to
th
e
m
et
h
o
d
ap
p
ly
in
g
th
e
s
lid
in
g
mode
of
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
o
r
d
er
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
th
e
FFT
an
aly
s
is
of
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
cu
r
r
en
ts
s
h
o
ws
a
b
etter
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
r
ate
f
o
r
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
o
r
d
er
s
lid
in
g
m
o
d
e
0.
76
%;
wh
ile
th
e
FTSM
C
tech
n
iq
u
e
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
r
ate
of
1
.
7
7
%.
Fi
g
u
r
e
5.
C
h
an
g
e
of
th
e
win
d
v
elo
city
in
(
m
/s
)
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
(d
)
Fig
u
r
e
6.
Sh
a
p
e
of
t
h
e
p
o
we
r
n
etwo
r
k
cu
r
r
en
ts
af
ter
c
o
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
; (
a)
g
r
id
cu
r
r
e
n
t w
ith
s
ec
o
n
d
o
r
d
er
SMC
;
(
b
)
FFT
an
aly
s
is
cu
r
r
en
ts
with
s
ec
o
n
d
o
r
d
er
SMC
; (
c)
g
r
i
d
c
u
r
r
en
t
with
FTSMC
co
n
tr
o
ller
; (
d
)
FTT
an
al
y
s
is
cu
r
r
en
ts
with
FTSMC
co
n
tr
o
ller
Fig
u
r
e
7
(
a
)
a
n
d
7
(
b
)
s
h
o
w
th
e
s
h
ap
e
an
d
s
p
ec
tr
al
an
aly
s
is
of
th
e
cu
r
r
en
ts
g
en
er
ate
d
at
th
e
s
tato
r
of
th
e
d
o
u
b
ly
f
ed
in
d
u
ctio
n
g
en
e
r
ato
r
DFI
G.
It
h
as
a
b
etter
h
a
r
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
r
ate
T
HD
e
s
tim
ated
at
0
.
7
1
%.
Als
o
,
F
i
g
u
r
e
7
(
c)
s
h
o
ws
a
r
a
p
i
d
c
o
n
v
er
g
en
ce
of
t
h
e
c
u
r
r
e
n
ts
in
t
h
e
s
t
at
o
r
of
t
h
e
g
e
n
e
r
at
o
r
wh
e
n
th
e
FTS
MC
tec
h
n
i
q
u
e
is
ad
o
p
ted
.
Fi
g
u
r
e
8
s
h
o
ws
f
o
r
t
h
e
FT
SMC
te
ch
n
i
q
u
e
,
th
e
s
h
a
p
e
of
th
e
s
i
m
p
le
v
o
lt
ag
e
a
n
d
t
h
e
l
in
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
of
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
.
Mo
r
e
o
v
e
r
,
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
p
r
es
en
ts
a
u
n
i
t
p
o
we
r
f
ac
t
o
r
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
21
:
760
-
7
7
1
768
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c
)
(
d
)
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
S
h
a
p
e
of
t
h
e
s
t
at
o
r
c
u
r
r
en
ts
of
th
e
DF
I
G
;
(
a
)
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
with
s
ec
o
n
d
o
r
d
e
r
SMC
; (
b
)
FFT
an
aly
s
is
o
f
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
e
n
t w
ith
s
ec
o
n
d
o
r
d
er
S
MC
; (
c)
Stato
r
cu
r
r
en
t
with
FTSMC
co
n
tr
o
lle
r
; (
d
)
FFT
an
aly
s
is
o
f
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t
with
FTSMC
Fig
u
r
e
9
s
h
o
ws
th
e
s
h
ap
e
of
t
h
e
r
o
to
r
c
u
r
r
e
n
ts
wh
en
th
e
win
d
s
p
ee
d
ch
a
n
g
es
f
r
o
m
9
m
/s
to
1
3
.
5
m
/s
.
It
s
h
o
w
s
m
all
o
s
cillatio
n
s
ca
u
s
ed
by
t
h
e
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
lo
ad
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
s
h
o
ws
th
e
s
h
ap
e
of
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
r
o
to
r
v
o
ltag
es.
T
h
ese
ar
e
th
e
DFI
G
co
n
tr
o
l
v
o
ltag
es
g
en
er
ate
d
by
“RS
C
”
th
e
DC
/AC
co
n
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
r
e
is
a
m
in
im
u
m
of
ch
atter
p
h
en
o
m
e
n
o
n
co
m
p
a
r
ed
to
a
co
n
tr
o
l
by
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
s
lid
in
g
m
o
d
e.
M
o
r
eo
v
e
r
,
it
lead
s
to
r
ed
u
ce
o
s
cillatio
n
s
ca
u
s
ed
by
th
e
h
ig
h
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
s
witch
in
g
of
a
s
lid
in
g
mode
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
Fin
ally
,
F
ig
u
r
e
1
1
p
r
esen
ts
q
u
ad
r
atic
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
of
th
e
s
lid
in
g
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u
n
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n
s
S
q
an
d
S
d
.
T
h
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ar
e
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a
r
ac
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by
f
ast
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to
war
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s
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T
h
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p
r
o
v
es
th
e
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
of
th
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
law
u
s
in
g
h
ig
h
-
o
r
d
e
r
s
lid
in
g
m
o
d
e.
Fig
u
r
e
8.
Vo
ltag
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a
nd
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
of
one
p
h
ase
of
g
r
id
Fig
u
r
e
9.
Sh
a
p
e
of
t
h
e
r
o
t
o
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
of
DFI
G
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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u
r
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Sh
ap
e
of
th
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v
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of
DFI
G
Fig
u
r
e
11.
Sh
ap
e
of
th
e
s
lid
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f
u
n
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Sq
an
d
Sd
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
In
th
is
p
ap
er
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an
a
d
v
an
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d
s
h
u
n
t
ac
tiv
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f
ilter
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g
f
u
n
ctio
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of
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t
h
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m
o
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ate
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by
n
o
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lin
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r
lo
ad
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h
e
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o
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s
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s
te
m
.
T
h
e
s
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ateg
y
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s
ed
th
e
c
o
n
t
r
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l
of
a
win
d
e
n
er
g
y
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
s
y
s
tem
,
b
o
th
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
to
th
e
elec
tr
ical
n
etwo
r
k
an
d
to
m
itig
ate
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
ef
f
ec
ts
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
ie
d
s
y
s
tem
is
co
m
p
o
s
ed
of
T
u
r
b
in
e
1
.
5
MW
th
r
ee
-
b
lad
es
an
d
a
d
o
u
b
ly
f
ed
in
d
u
ctio
n
g
e
n
er
ato
r
DFI
G
1
.
5
MW
with
th
e
s
tato
r
d
ir
ec
tly
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
g
r
id
an
d
th
e
r
o
t
o
r
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
g
r
i
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
two
co
n
v
er
ter
s
"RS
C
"
an
d
"GSC
".
T
h
e
m
ain
o
b
jectiv
e
is
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
of
an
ac
tiv
e
f
ilter
in
g
f
u
n
ctio
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
by
th
e
s
am
e
co
n
tr
o
l
of
th
e
r
o
to
r
s
id
e
co
n
v
e
r
ter
R
SC
.
W
h
ile
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
co
n
tr
o
l
was
u
s
ed
o
n
ly
to
allo
w
th
e
win
d
g
en
er
ato
r
to
t
r
ac
k
o
p
tim
u
m
o
p
er
atin
g
p
o
in
ts
u
n
d
er
f
lu
ctu
at
in
g
win
d
co
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
h
ig
h
-
q
u
alit
y
s
tato
r
en
er
g
y
.
T
h
e
tech
n
iq
u
e
of
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
atten
u
ati
o
n
u
s
e
p
r
ec
is
e
id
en
tific
atio
n
of
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
c
u
r
r
en
ts
an
d
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
b
ased
on
th
e
wid
ely
u
s
ed
,
in
s
tan
tan
e
o
u
s
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
we
r
s
th
eo
r
y
"PQ"
wh
ich
h
as
g
iv
en
v
e
r
y
g
o
o
d
r
esu
lts
,
d
esp
ite
th
e
d
if
f
icu
lt
ad
ju
s
tm
en
t
of
th
e
r
eg
u
lato
r
p
ar
am
ete
r
s
b
ased
on
s
ec
o
n
d
o
r
d
er
s
lid
in
g
m
o
d
e.
T
h
e
FTSMC
tech
n
iq
u
e
ad
o
p
ted
in
t
h
is
wo
r
k
,
o
f
f
er
s
a
r
ap
id
c
o
n
v
er
g
en
ce
of
t
h
e
cu
r
r
en
ts
a
n
d
a
h
ig
h
er
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
r
ate
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
v
alu
e
f
o
u
n
d
by
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
o
r
d
er
s
lid
in
g
m
o
d
e
co
n
tr
o
l.
Desp
ite
a
little
p
r
esen
ce
of
ch
atter
in
g
p
h
en
o
m
e
n
o
n
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
a
cl
ass
ic
s
lid
in
g
mode
co
n
tr
o
l
f
o
r
s
u
r
e
due
to
h
id
d
en
d
y
n
am
ics
of
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
W
ith
a
v
iew
to
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
law
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
o
u
r
wo
r
k
,
it
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
c
h
atter
in
g
p
h
en
o
m
en
o
n
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
wh
e
n
th
e
f
u
z
zy
s
lid
in
g
m
o
d
e
co
n
t
r
o
l
b
ase
d
on
an
eq
u
i
v
alen
t
co
n
tr
o
l
is
ad
o
p
ted
.
T
h
e
s
tr
ateg
y
ad
o
p
ted
is
an
attr
ac
tiv
e
o
p
tio
n
f
o
r
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
m
an
ag
er
b
ec
au
s
e
its
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
p
r
o
v
id
es
an
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
in
v
estme
n
t
f
o
r
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
r
eq
u
ir
es
o
n
l
y
in
s
tallatio
n
of
two
or
th
r
ee
cu
r
r
en
t
s
en
s
o
r
s
at
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
s
tatio
n
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
th
e
s
tr
at
eg
y
d
e
v
elo
p
e
d
an
d
p
r
esen
ted
in
th
is
wo
r
k
m
ee
ts
with
th
e
o
b
jectiv
es.
T
h
is
co
n
tr
ib
u
tes
to
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
t
h
e
r
elia
b
ilit
y
of
th
e
W
E
C
S
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
es
th
e
q
u
ality
an
d
ef
f
icien
cy
of
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
v
i
d
ed
to
th
e
elec
tr
ical
n
etwo
r
k
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
H.
S.
Na
ji
a
n
d
H.
I.
Hu
ss
e
in
,
”
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
of
c
o
m
p
u
tatio
n
a
l
m
e
th
o
d
s
fo
r
h
a
rm
o
n
ic
sta
te
e
stim
a
ti
o
n
of
p
o
we
r
sy
ste
m
n
e
two
rk
s,”
I
n
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
of
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Co
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
(IJ
EE
CS
)
,
v
o
l.
2
2
,
n
o
.
1
,
pp.
1
-
9,
2
0
2
1
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/i
jee
c
s.v
2
2
.
i
1
.
p
p
1
-
9
.
[2
]
J.
F
a
iz,
M.
G
h
a
z
iza
d
e
h
,
a
n
d
H.
Ora
e
e
,
"
De
ra
ti
n
g
of
tran
sfo
rm
e
rs
u
n
d
e
r
n
o
n
-
li
n
e
a
r
lo
a
d
c
u
rre
n
t
a
n
d
n
o
n
-
sin
u
so
i
d
a
l
v
o
lt
a
g
e
–
an
o
v
e
rv
iew
,
"
IET
El
e
c
tric
Po
we
r
Ap
p
l
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l.
9,
n
o
.
7,
p
p
.
4
8
6
-
4
9
5
,
2
0
1
5
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
4
9
/i
e
t
-
e
p
a
.
2
0
1
4
.
0
3
7
7
.
[3
]
N.
Us
h
a
,
P.
P
ra
sa
d
,
a
n
d
K
.
Re
d
d
y
,
“
An
a
l
y
sis
of
Eff
e
c
ts
of
I
n
p
u
t
Cu
rre
n
t
S
u
b
Ha
rm
o
n
ics
a
n
d
I
n
ter
Ha
rm
o
n
ics
on
In
d
u
c
ti
o
n
M
o
t
o
r
Dri
v
e
,
”
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Rev
iew
of
A
u
to
m
a
ti
c
Co
n
t
ro
l
(IR
EA
CO)
,
v
o
l.
1
1
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
23
-
2
8
,
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
5
8
6
6
/
irea
c
o
.
v
1
1
i
1
.
1
3
5
3
1
.
[4
]
M.
Tale
b
a
n
d
M.
C
h
e
rk
a
o
u
i,
“
Op
t
ima
l
Co
n
tro
l
of
Ac
ti
v
e
a
n
d
Re
a
c
ti
v
e
P
o
we
rs
in
Wi
n
d
En
e
rg
y
Co
n
v
e
rsio
n
S
y
ste
m
s
Us
in
g
P
a
rti
c
le
S
wa
rm
Op
ti
m
iza
ti
o
n
a
n
d
Ad
a
p
ti
v
e
S
li
d
i
n
g
M
o
d
e
Co
n
tro
l
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Rev
iew
of
Au
t
o
ma
ti
c
Co
n
tro
l
(IR
EA
CO)
,
v
o
l.
1
1
,
n
o
.
5
,
pp.
2
4
8
-
2
5
4
,
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
5
8
6
6
/
irea
c
o
.
v
1
1
i5
.
1
5
0
9
8
.
[5
]
N.
A.
P
ra
sh
a
n
th
a
n
d
P.
S
u
jath
a
,
”
Co
m
m
o
n
ly
u
se
d
Wi
n
d
G
e
n
e
ra
to
r
S
y
ste
m
s:
A
Co
m
p
a
riso
n
N
o
t
e
,
”
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
of
El
e
c
trica
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Co
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
(
IJ
EE
CS
)
,
v
o
l.
7,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
2
9
9
-
3
1
1
,
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
ij
e
e
c
s.v
7
.
i
2
.
p
p
2
9
9
-
311
.
[6
]
Y
.
Ih
e
d
ra
n
e
,
C
.
El
Be
k
k
a
li
,
M
.
El
G
h
a
m
ra
sn
i,
S
.
M
e
n
so
u
,
a
n
d
B
.
Bo
ss
o
u
fi
,
“
Im
p
ro
v
e
d
win
d
sy
ste
m
u
sin
g
n
o
n
-
li
n
e
a
r
p
o
we
r
c
o
n
tro
l,
”
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
of
El
e
c
trica
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
(IJ
EE
CS
)
,
v
o
l.
1
4
,
n
o
.
3
,
pp.
1
1
4
8
-
1
1
5
8
,
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/i
jee
c
s.v
1
4
.
i3
.
p
p
1
1
4
8
-
1
1
5
8
.
[7
]
A.
An
d
a
n
g
,
R.
Ha
rtarti,
I.
M
a
n
u
a
b
a
,
a
n
d
I.
Ku
m
a
ra
,
“
Ha
rm
o
n
ics
Re
d
u
c
ti
o
n
on
E
lec
tri
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