I
nd
o
ne
s
ia
n J
o
urna
l o
f
E
lect
rica
l En
g
ineering
a
nd
Co
m
pu
t
er
Science
Vo
l.
3
6
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
20
24
,
p
p
.
5
1
7
~
5
3
4
I
SS
N:
2
502
-
4
7
52
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/ijee
cs
.v
3
6
.
i
1
.
pp
5
1
7
-
5
3
4
517
J
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ttp
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cs
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To
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it
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a
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v
e
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e
a
c
h
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it
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s
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iffere
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h
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ra
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teristics
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b
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o
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e
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a
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ich
m
a
k
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th
e
m
c
h
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ra
l
d
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ti
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s.
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is
p
a
p
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r
p
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p
o
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s
a
to
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rism
it
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e
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ry
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te
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sin
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icle
ro
u
ti
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g
p
r
o
b
lem
with
ti
me
w
in
d
o
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(VRPT
W)
.
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ti
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e
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re
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se
s
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p
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n
t
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s
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e
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f
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m
b
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q
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s.
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tp
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p
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ted
to
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a
so
lu
ti
o
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to
th
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rist
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p
lan
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K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
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tics
h
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ar
ch
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s
s
R
o
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test
p
ath
alg
o
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ith
m
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r
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m
itin
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ar
y
VR
PT
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T
h
is i
s
a
n
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p
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n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Su
r
y
a
Mic
h
r
an
d
i N
asu
tio
n
C
o
m
p
u
ter
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
,
Sch
o
o
l o
f
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
,
T
e
lk
o
m
Un
iv
er
s
ity
B
an
d
u
n
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
esia
E
m
ail: m
ich
r
an
d
i@
telk
o
m
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
.
ac
.
id
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
B
an
d
u
n
g
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
f
a
v
o
r
it
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
f
o
r
to
u
r
is
ts
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia,
wh
ich
co
m
m
o
n
ly
c
o
m
es
f
r
o
m
n
ea
r
b
y
b
ig
cities,
s
u
ch
as
J
a
k
ar
ta
an
d
B
ek
asi.
Alo
n
g
with
th
e
r
is
e
o
f
th
e
to
u
r
is
t’
s
n
u
m
b
er
th
at
co
m
e
to
B
an
d
u
n
g
c
ity
,
t
h
e
tr
af
f
ic
r
o
s
e
esp
ec
ially
in
th
e
wee
k
en
d
an
d
h
o
lid
ay
s
ea
s
o
n
s
.
I
t
is
p
r
o
v
e
n
b
ased
o
n
Nasu
tio
n
et
a
l.
[
1
]
,
wh
o
s
tated
th
at
th
e
t
r
af
f
ic
co
n
d
itio
n
g
et
s
wo
r
s
e
o
n
we
ek
e
n
d
s
.
T
h
e
t
h
in
g
s
th
at
ar
e
g
ettin
g
wo
r
s
e
ar
e
n
o
t
o
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ly
th
e
tr
af
f
ic
o
n
th
e
r
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,
b
u
t
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th
e
to
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r
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s
m
s
p
o
t
is
g
ettin
g
m
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r
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cr
o
w
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ed
th
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b
e
f
o
r
e.
T
h
e
d
esti
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atio
n
o
f
to
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r
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m
in
B
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d
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n
g
is
n
o
t
lim
ited
to
th
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ce
n
tr
a
l
o
f
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d
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g
,
b
u
t
also
th
e
o
th
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s
is
ter
city
th
at
is
lo
ca
ted
n
ea
r
B
an
d
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n
g
,
ca
lled
L
em
b
an
g
wh
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h
as
v
ar
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u
s
k
in
d
s
o
f
to
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r
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m
,
s
u
c
h
as
cu
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ar
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,
s
ce
n
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r
y
,
a
n
d
p
lay
g
r
o
u
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d
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
W
est
B
an
d
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n
g
r
e
g
en
cy
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
,
wh
ich
is
th
e
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
o
f
L
em
b
an
g
,
th
ey
claim
ed
th
at
L
e
m
b
an
g
h
ad
m
o
r
e
th
a
n
5
0
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
f
o
r
to
u
r
is
ts
in
all
ca
teg
o
r
ies m
en
tio
n
e
d
ea
r
lier
.
As p
r
ev
io
u
s
ly
m
en
tio
n
e
d
,
th
e
r
is
e
in
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
to
u
r
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ts
,
wh
ich
co
m
es f
r
o
m
lo
ca
l a
n
d
o
th
er
cities,
m
ad
e
th
e
tr
af
f
ic
in
B
an
d
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n
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an
d
L
em
b
an
g
g
et
wo
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s
e
an
d
m
ad
e
th
e
q
u
eu
es
in
t
h
e
to
u
r
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m
s
p
o
ts
lo
n
g
er
th
an
u
s
u
al.
T
h
is
co
n
d
itio
n
m
ak
es
s
o
m
e
to
u
r
is
ts
o
n
ly
ab
le
to
v
is
it
o
n
e
o
r
two
s
p
o
ts
in
L
em
b
an
g
b
ef
o
r
e
th
ey
c
o
m
e
b
ac
k
to
th
eir
Ho
tel
in
B
an
d
u
n
g
.
T
h
is
s
itu
atio
n
m
a
d
e
th
e
t
o
u
r
is
ts
waste
th
eir
tim
e
a
n
d
m
o
n
ey
wh
en
v
is
itin
g
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
In
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
6
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
20
24
:
5
1
7
-
5
3
4
518
B
an
d
u
n
g
a
n
d
L
em
b
an
g
.
Un
ti
l
n
o
w,
th
er
e
is
n
o
p
r
o
p
e
r
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
v
is
itatio
n
to
m
u
ltip
le
to
u
r
is
m
s
p
o
ts
th
at
co
n
s
id
er
th
e
p
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
s
o
f
th
e
t
o
u
r
is
ts
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
is
p
r
o
b
lem
,
we
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
t
o
u
r
is
ts
in
th
e
cities
o
f
B
an
d
u
n
g
an
d
L
em
b
a
n
g
th
at
co
n
s
id
er
s
th
e
p
r
e
f
er
en
ce
s
o
f
th
e
u
s
er
in
o
r
d
er
t
o
m
ak
e
t
h
e
t
r
ip
m
o
r
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
in
ter
m
s
o
f
v
is
itin
g
tim
e
an
d
tr
av
elin
g
ex
p
er
ien
ce
.
T
h
e
to
u
r
is
t
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
h
as
b
ee
n
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
b
y
m
an
y
r
esear
ch
er
s
s
in
ce
a
lo
n
g
tim
e
ag
o
.
I
t
tr
ies
to
ca
lcu
late
th
e
s
h
o
r
test
p
ath
o
r
d
ec
id
es
th
e
to
u
r
is
t
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
,
in
th
e
p
r
o
c
ess
o
f
f
in
d
in
g
th
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
it
ca
n
b
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
b
ased
o
n
th
e
p
o
in
t
o
f
in
ter
e
s
t
(
POI
)
s
u
ch
as
s
ce
n
ic
asp
ec
t
s
[2
]
an
d
h
is
to
r
ical
asp
ec
ts
[
3
]
o
n
its
r
o
u
tes,
o
r
s
p
ec
if
ic
ac
tiv
ities
o
n
th
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
[
4
]
.
As
an
ex
am
p
le,
Z
ak
ar
iy
a
et
a
l.
[
5
]
,
co
u
n
t
th
e
lan
d
s
ca
p
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
o
f
th
e
ar
ea
in
d
ef
i
n
in
g
th
e
tr
a
v
el
r
o
u
tes
in
o
r
d
er
to
en
r
ic
h
th
e
tr
av
el
ex
p
er
ien
ce
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
Fit
r
ian
s
y
ah
et
a
l.
[
6
]
,
tr
y
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
s
h
o
r
test
r
o
u
te
as
th
e
b
est
p
ath
to
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
to
u
r
is
t
in
B
ali.
Ov
er
all,
th
e
r
esear
ch
in
f
in
d
in
g
th
e
b
est
r
o
u
te
in
to
u
r
is
m
co
m
m
o
n
ly
u
s
e
s
D
i
jk
s
tr
a
as
it
s
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
b
y
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
th
e
lea
s
t
r
o
u
te
len
g
th
o
r
th
e
s
h
o
r
test
tim
e
tr
av
el
[
6
]
–
[
8
]
.
T
h
e
t
o
u
r
is
m
g
u
id
an
ce
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
er
s
y
s
tem
is
an
in
n
o
v
at
io
n
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
to
u
r
is
m
ex
p
er
ien
ce
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
b
y
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
in
g
s
ev
er
al
to
u
r
is
m
s
p
o
ts
to
b
e
v
is
ited
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
s
ev
er
al
f
a
cto
r
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
th
e
p
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
o
f
th
e
to
u
r
is
t
[
9
]
.
T
h
e
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
e
r
s
y
s
tem
ca
lcu
lates
th
e
b
est
r
o
u
te
f
o
r
v
is
itin
g
to
u
r
is
m
s
p
o
ts
b
y
u
s
in
g
an
y
s
h
o
r
test
p
ath
f
i
n
d
er
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
,
s
u
ch
as
th
e
A*
alg
o
r
ith
m
to
f
in
d
th
e
b
est
r
o
u
te
f
o
r
to
u
r
is
m
s
p
o
ts
in
th
e
Ph
ilip
p
in
es
[
1
0
]
.
Alo
n
g
w
ith
th
e
s
h
o
r
test
p
ath
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
,
a
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
f
i
n
d
in
g
t
h
e
b
est
p
ath
to
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
is
im
p
lem
en
te
d
u
s
in
g
th
e
tr
av
el
s
alesm
an
p
r
o
b
lem
(
T
SP
)
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
[
1
1
]
.
I
n
th
is
m
eth
o
d
,
th
e
r
o
u
te
th
at
ca
lcu
lated
b
y
tr
y
i
n
g
to
f
in
d
th
e
lis
t
th
at
ca
n
b
e
r
ea
ch
ed
ea
s
ily
by
th
e
s
alesm
en
(
o
r
to
u
r
is
ts
)
.
As
f
o
r
an
ad
ju
s
t
m
en
t,
th
e
T
SP
co
n
ce
p
t is u
s
ed
in
v
eh
icle
r
o
u
tin
g
p
r
o
b
lem
s
(
VR
P)
f
o
r
an
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
an
d
lo
g
is
tics
[
1
2
]
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
s
ev
er
al
v
ar
iatio
n
s
o
f
VR
P
with
d
if
f
er
en
t
ty
p
e
s
o
f
ch
a
r
ac
ter
is
tics
an
d
c
o
n
s
tr
ain
ts
,
s
u
c
h
as
a
co
n
s
tr
ain
t
o
n
v
eh
icle’
s
ca
p
ac
ity
(
wh
ich
is
ca
lled
a
ca
p
ac
itated
v
e
h
icle
r
o
u
tin
g
p
r
o
b
lem
;
C
VR
P)
an
d
a
co
n
s
tr
ain
t
o
n
tim
e
win
d
o
w
(
v
eh
icle
r
o
u
tin
g
p
r
o
b
lem
with
tim
e
win
d
o
ws;
(
VR
PT
W
)
.
Sin
ce
C
V
R
P
an
d
VR
PT
W
ar
e
n
o
n
-
d
eter
m
i
n
is
tic
p
o
ly
n
o
m
ial
-
tim
e
h
ar
d
(
NP
-
h
ar
d
)
o
p
tim
izatio
n
p
r
o
b
lem
s
,
it
is
a
c
o
m
m
o
n
p
r
ac
tice
to
u
s
e
m
etah
e
u
r
is
tic
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
in
an
attem
p
t
to
f
i
n
d
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
to
C
VR
P
an
d
V
R
PT
W
,
s
u
ch
as
an
t
co
lo
n
y
alg
o
r
ith
m
[
1
2
]
,
[
1
3
]
a
n
d
p
a
r
ticle
s
war
m
o
p
tim
izatio
n
[
1
4
]
,
[
1
5
]
.
An
o
t
h
er
n
o
v
el
s
t
o
ch
asti
c
m
eth
o
d
is
also
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
s
o
lv
e
VR
P
b
y
u
s
in
g
th
e
so
-
ca
lled
d
is
cr
e
te
d
if
f
er
e
n
tial
ev
o
lu
tio
n
(
DD
E
)
alg
o
r
ith
m
[
1
6
]
.
T
o
o
p
tim
ize
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
f
i
n
d
in
g
th
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
,
a
p
r
ep
r
o
c
ess
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
e
ca
n
also
b
e
im
p
lem
en
ted
in
th
e
VR
P
[
1
7
]
.
It
ca
n
b
e
im
p
lem
en
ted
in
d
ec
id
in
g
th
e
to
u
r
is
t
itin
er
ar
y
b
ased
o
n
s
ev
er
al
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
s
u
ch
as
tim
e,
ca
p
ac
ity
,
an
d
o
th
er
p
ar
am
eter
s
th
at
co
u
ld
b
e
r
elate
d
t
o
to
u
r
i
s
m
[
1
1
]
.
T
h
e
to
u
r
is
t
p
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
asp
ec
t
s
m
u
s
t
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
e
d
in
o
r
d
e
r
to
de
f
in
e
b
est
r
o
u
tes
to
th
e
d
e
s
tin
atio
n
s
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
b
ased
o
n
tr
af
f
ic
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
ese
v
al
u
es
ca
n
co
m
b
in
ed
with
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
o
f
b
est
r
o
u
tes
b
y
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
a
n
aly
tics
h
ier
ar
ch
y
p
r
o
ce
s
s
(
AHP)
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
[
1
8
]
,
esp
ec
ially
in
d
ef
in
i
n
g
th
e
weig
h
t
in
th
e
cr
iter
ia
o
f
tr
af
f
ic
co
n
d
itio
n
s
b
y
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
th
e
p
r
io
r
ity
b
etwe
e
n
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
cr
iter
ia.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
e
r
,
a
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
ati
o
n
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
a
to
u
r
is
t
itin
er
a
r
y
p
lan
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
f
in
d
in
g
th
e
b
es
t
r
o
u
tes
b
etwe
en
to
u
r
is
m
s
p
o
ts
wh
ich
will
b
e
co
llab
o
r
ated
wit
h
th
e
VR
P
s
b
ased
o
n
tim
e
win
d
o
ws.
T
h
e
r
o
u
te
is
d
ef
in
ed
n
o
t
o
n
ly
b
y
th
e
m
i
n
im
u
m
len
g
t
h
b
etwe
en
o
r
ig
in
an
d
d
esti
n
atio
n
,
b
u
t
also
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
o
th
er
r
o
a
d
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
s
u
ch
as
tim
e
tr
av
el,
tr
af
f
ic,
an
d
wea
th
er
co
n
d
iti
o
n
s
.
T
h
e
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
b
etwe
en
th
ese
cr
iter
ia
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
as
a
n
ew
d
ef
in
itio
n
f
o
r
f
in
d
in
g
th
e
b
est
r
o
u
te
f
r
o
m
an
o
r
ig
in
to
a
d
esti
n
atio
n
[
1
9
]
–
[
2
1
]
.
E
ac
h
cr
iter
io
n
’
s
weig
h
t
is
d
ef
in
e
d
b
y
u
s
in
g
th
e
AHP
ca
lcu
latio
n
b
ased
o
n
a
u
s
er
p
r
ef
er
en
ce
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
to
u
r
is
m
r
o
u
te
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
is
co
m
m
o
n
ly
d
o
n
e
b
y
im
p
lem
e
n
tin
g
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
,
wh
ich
u
s
es
a
co
n
v
o
l
u
tio
n
al
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
in
th
e
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
[
2
3
]
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
s
ev
er
a
l
f
ac
to
r
s
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
e
d
in
to
u
r
is
m
r
o
u
te
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
b
esid
es
th
e
s
h
o
r
test
tr
av
el
tim
e,
s
u
ch
as
s
ce
n
er
y
[
2
4
]
,
an
d
la
n
d
s
ca
p
e
ch
a
r
ac
ter
[
5
]
.
I
n
g
e
n
er
al,
th
e
r
o
u
te
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
in
to
u
r
is
m
ar
ea
s
o
n
ly
h
av
e
o
n
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
f
o
r
th
eir
itin
er
ar
y
[
2
5
]
,
[
2
6
]
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
t
h
is
p
ap
e
r
p
r
o
v
i
d
es
a
r
o
u
te
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
b
ased
o
n
m
u
ltip
le
r
o
ad
cr
iter
ia
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
p
air
s
o
f
to
u
r
is
m
s
p
o
ts
at
th
e
d
esig
n
a
ted
tim
e.
T
h
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
th
is
p
ap
er
i
s
as
f
o
llo
ws
:
s
ec
tio
n
1
d
is
cu
s
s
es
th
e
p
r
o
b
lem
s
t
h
at
ar
is
e
f
r
o
m
r
ea
l
s
itu
atio
n
s
in
to
u
r
is
m
,
esp
ec
ially
in
B
an
d
u
n
g
an
d
L
e
m
b
an
g
.
As
in
s
ec
tio
n
2
,
th
e
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
is
o
n
th
e
r
esear
ch
m
eth
o
d
s
th
at
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
is
r
esear
ch
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lt
an
d
th
e
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
will
b
e
s
h
o
wn
in
s
ec
tio
n
3
.
Fin
ally
,
in
s
ec
tio
n
4
th
e
co
n
clu
s
io
n
an
d
f
u
tu
r
e
wo
r
k
s
f
o
r
th
e
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
ati
o
n
f
o
r
to
u
r
is
t
itin
er
ar
ies
ar
e
d
ef
in
ed
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
is
p
ap
er
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
s
a
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
to
u
r
is
t
itin
er
ar
ies
b
ased
o
n
th
e
r
atin
g
o
f
th
e
to
u
r
is
m
s
p
o
t
s
an
d
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
o
p
tim
al
r
o
u
te
b
etwe
en
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
.
T
h
e
itin
er
ar
y
p
l
an
will
s
u
g
g
est
th
e
to
u
r
is
ts
v
is
it
s
ev
er
al
to
u
r
is
m
s
p
o
ts
.
T
h
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
to
u
r
is
m
s
p
o
ts
ca
n
b
e
d
o
n
e
b
y
im
p
l
em
en
tin
g
t
h
e
VR
P
wh
ich
tr
ie
s
to
f
in
d
th
e
o
p
tim
al
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
to
u
r
is
t
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
th
at
m
ig
h
t
b
e
v
is
ited
b
y
to
u
r
is
ts
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
s
o
m
e
asp
ec
ts
,
s
u
ch
as v
is
itin
g
tim
e,
an
d
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
v
is
ito
r
s
[
2
7
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
To
u
r
is
m
itin
era
r
y
r
ec
o
mme
n
d
a
tio
n
u
s
in
g
ve
h
icle
r
o
u
tin
g
p
r
o
b
lem
…
(
S
u
r
ya
Mich
r
a
n
d
i Na
s
u
tio
n
)
519
C
o
m
m
o
n
ly
,
th
e
lim
itatio
n
i
n
to
u
r
is
t
itin
er
ar
ies
is
ab
o
u
t
th
e
v
is
itin
g
tim
e
in
t
h
e
d
e
s
tin
atio
n
s
.
T
h
e
to
u
r
is
m
p
la
n
m
u
s
t
b
e
a
r
r
an
g
ed
ca
r
e
f
u
lly
b
y
o
b
s
er
v
in
g
th
e
tim
e
asp
ec
ts
.
T
h
e
ex
ten
s
io
n
o
f
VR
P,
wh
ich
co
n
s
id
er
s
th
e
tim
e
asp
ec
t
is
c
alled
VR
P
tim
e
win
d
o
ws
(
VR
PTW)
[
2
8
]
.
T
h
is
m
eth
o
d
is
s
u
itab
le
to
b
e
u
s
e
d
i
n
to
u
r
is
m
s
in
ce
t
h
er
e
a
r
e
s
ev
e
r
al
tim
e
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
,
s
u
ch
as
o
p
en
in
g
,
clo
s
in
g
,
v
is
itin
g
,
tr
av
el
tim
e
b
etwe
en
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
p
o
t
to
th
e
n
ex
t
to
u
r
is
m
s
p
o
t,
an
d
o
th
e
r
tim
e
asp
ec
ts
th
at
m
ig
h
t
af
f
ec
t
th
e
to
u
r
is
t’
s
itin
er
ar
y
p
lan
[
2
9
]
,
[
3
0
]
.
I
n
d
eter
m
in
in
g
to
u
r
is
m
s
p
o
ts
th
at
m
ig
h
t
b
e
v
is
ited
b
y
th
e
t
o
u
r
is
ts
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
ca
lcu
lates
th
e
b
est
r
o
u
te
b
etwe
en
th
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
b
ased
o
n
s
ev
er
al
r
o
ad
co
n
d
itio
n
s
o
r
cr
iter
ia.
I
t
is
ca
lc
u
lated
b
ased
o
n
th
e
r
o
ad
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
(
r
o
a
d
len
g
th
)
,
an
d
r
o
a
d
tr
af
f
ic
(
tr
af
f
ic
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
tr
av
el
tim
e,
a
n
d
w
ea
th
er
co
n
d
itio
n
s
)
.
T
h
ese
cr
iter
ia
will
b
e
co
m
p
ile
d
in
to
n
ew
r
o
ad
weig
h
ts
a
n
d
c
o
u
ld
b
e
u
s
ed
as
a
p
ar
am
ete
r
to
d
ef
in
e
th
e
o
p
tim
a
l
r
o
u
te
to
t
h
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
.
Nasu
tio
n
et
a
l.
[
2
1
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
th
e
c
o
n
ce
p
t
o
f
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
o
f
r
o
ad
weig
h
t
b
ased
o
n
cr
iter
ia
an
d
d
r
i
v
er
’
s
p
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
in
2
0
2
2
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
ws
th
e
s
y
s
tem
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
th
is
p
ap
er
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
Fig
u
r
e
1
,
th
er
e
ar
e
s
ev
er
al
s
tep
s
n
am
ely
,
(
i
)
th
e
co
llectio
n
o
f
r
o
ad
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e;
(
ii
)
th
e
co
llectio
n
o
f
r
o
ad
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
o
r
ea
ch
cr
iter
io
n
in
ev
e
r
y
r
o
ad
s
eg
m
en
t;
(
iii
)
th
e
b
est
r
o
u
te
ca
lcu
latio
n
b
as
ed
o
n
p
r
e
f
er
en
ce
s
;
an
d
(
iv
)
th
e
cr
ea
tio
n
o
f
to
u
r
is
m
itin
er
ar
y
p
la
n
u
s
in
g
VR
PTW
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
’
s
o
u
tp
u
t
will
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
a
to
u
r
is
t’
s
itin
er
ar
y
p
lan
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
illu
s
tr
atio
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
2
.
1
.
G
a
t
hering
ro
a
d info
r
ma
t
io
n
T
h
e
r
o
ad
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
is
g
a
th
er
ed
f
r
o
m
v
ar
i
o
u
s
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
As
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ly
ex
p
lain
ed
,
th
e
r
o
ad
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
co
llected
in
clu
d
es
r
o
ad
len
g
th
,
tr
af
f
ic
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
tr
av
el
tim
e,
an
d
wea
th
er
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Fro
m
th
is
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
th
e
r
o
ad
le
n
g
th
is
th
e
o
n
ly
cr
iter
io
n
th
at
will
n
o
t
ch
an
g
e
d
y
n
a
m
ically
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
a
n
d
,
t
h
e
r
est
o
f
th
e
cr
iter
ia
ca
n
b
e
d
y
n
a
m
ically
ch
an
g
e
d
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
o
n
r
o
ad
len
g
th
is
tak
en
f
r
o
m
o
p
en
-
s
o
u
r
ce
d
i
g
ital
m
ap
s
ca
lled
Op
en
Stre
etM
ap
s
[
3
1
]
.
T
h
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
th
at
can
b
e
co
lle
cted
f
r
o
m
t
h
is
s
o
u
r
ce
is
th
e
len
g
th
o
f
th
e
r
o
ad
s
eg
m
en
t,
th
e
ty
p
e
o
f
th
e
r
o
a
d
,
th
e
lo
ca
tio
n
o
f
in
ter
s
ec
tio
n
s
,
th
e
co
n
n
ec
tiv
ity
b
etwe
en
in
ter
s
ec
tio
n
s
(
r
o
ad
s
eg
m
en
ts
)
.
T
h
is
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
w
ill n
o
t b
e
ch
a
n
g
ed
i
n
a
s
h
o
r
t ti
m
e,
s
o
it is
ca
teg
o
r
ized
as st
atic
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
T
h
e
o
t
h
e
r
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
is
g
a
t
h
e
r
e
d
f
r
o
m
v
a
r
i
o
u
s
s
e
r
v
i
c
es
,
s
u
c
h
a
s
(
i
)
T
o
m
T
o
m
d
i
g
it
a
l
m
a
p
s
t
h
a
t
a
r
e
u
s
e
d
i
n
a
n
a
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
d
r
i
v
i
n
g
a
s
s
is
t
a
n
c
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
(
AD
A
S
)
o
r
a
m
a
p
a
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
a
p
p
l
e
d
ev
i
c
e
s
[
3
2
]
;
a
n
d
(
ii
)
o
p
e
n
W
e
a
t
h
e
r
w
h
i
c
h
d
e
l
i
v
e
r
s
th
e
w
e
a
t
h
e
r
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
a
s
p
e
c
i
f
i
c
c
o
o
r
d
i
n
a
t
e
[
3
3
]
.
T
o
m
T
o
m
w
i
l
l
c
o
v
e
r
s
e
v
e
r
a
l
b
a
s
i
c
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
a
b
o
u
t
t
r
a
f
f
ic
s
i
t
u
at
i
o
n
s
,
s
u
c
h
as
v
e
h
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c
l
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p
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d
a
n
d
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r
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v
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w
h
i
c
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b
o
t
h
a
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s
o
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c
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r
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f
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.
M
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w
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W
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r
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
In
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
6
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
20
24
:
5
1
7
-
5
3
4
520
2.
1
.
1
.
Ro
a
d
i
nfr
a
s
t
ruct
ure
T
h
e
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
o
f
th
e
r
o
ad
is
illu
s
tr
ated
as
a
r
o
ad
n
etwo
r
k
wh
ich
g
en
er
ally
h
as
at
least
two
n
o
d
es
th
at
ar
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
u
s
in
g
an
ed
g
e.
Acc
o
r
d
i
n
g
to
Geo
r
g
e
an
d
Kim
[
3
4
]
,
th
e
m
ath
em
at
ical
m
o
d
el
o
f
r
o
a
d
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
is
s
h
o
wn
in
(
1
)
.
I
t
s
h
o
ws
th
at
a
g
r
ap
h
is
b
u
i
lt
f
r
o
m
a
s
et
o
f
n
o
d
es
an
d
e
d
g
es
.
I
n
ea
ch
ed
g
e,
th
er
e
is
a
s
et
o
f
weig
h
ts
th
at
co
u
ld
b
e
an
y
r
o
ad
c
r
iter
io
n
m
en
tio
n
e
d
ea
r
lier
.
Mo
r
eo
v
e
r
,
th
e
v
ar
iatio
n
o
f
weig
h
t
co
u
ld
b
e
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
in
co
m
in
g
an
d
o
u
t
g
o
in
g
lan
es
in
t
h
e
in
ter
s
ec
tio
n
[
3
5
]
,
tr
av
el
tim
e
[
1
4
]
,
[
3
6
]
–
[
3
8
]
,
r
o
u
te
le
n
g
th
[
3
9
]
,
o
r
t
h
e
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
o
f
s
ev
er
al
weig
h
ts
[
2
1
]
,
[
4
0
]
.
=
(
,
,
)
(
1
)
Op
en
Stre
etM
ap
is
a
d
ig
ital
m
ap
s
y
s
tem
th
at
p
r
o
v
id
es
b
asic
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
a
b
o
u
t
t
h
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
ar
ea
.
As
m
en
tio
n
ed
at
th
e
b
e
g
in
n
in
g
o
f
th
is
p
ap
er
,
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
a
r
ea
is
in
B
an
d
u
n
g
a
n
d
L
e
m
b
an
g
c
ity
,
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
T
h
e
s
ize
o
f
th
ese
two
cities
is
1
6
7
.
3
a
n
d
9
5
.
5
6
k
m
2
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ically
lo
ca
t
ed
in
th
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
co
o
r
d
in
ates
(
-
6
.
8
3
6
9
3
,
1
0
7
.
5
4
4
9
9
)
to
(
-
6
.
9
6
9
8
7
,
1
0
7
.
7
3
9
8
3
)
a
n
d
(
-
6
.
7
5
6
0
4
,
1
0
7
.
5
7
1
3
4
)
t
o
(
-
6
.
8
6
4
9
9
,
1
0
7
.
6
6
1
0
)
f
o
r
B
an
d
u
n
g
an
d
L
em
b
an
g
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
p
r
io
r
r
esu
lt
o
f
co
llectin
g
r
o
ad
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
B
an
d
u
n
g
h
as
2
8
,
8
7
9
n
o
d
es
wh
ich
ar
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
6
8
,
0
2
9
ed
g
es.
Me
an
wh
ile,
in
L
em
b
a
n
g
,
t
h
er
e
a
r
e
5
,
3
3
6
n
o
d
es a
n
d
1
2
,
0
7
0
ed
g
es th
at
c
o
v
er
th
e
city
.
T
h
is
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
o
r
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
e
d
ar
ea
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
T
ab
le
1
.
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
a
r
ea
A
r
e
a
La
t
i
t
u
d
e
Lo
n
g
i
t
u
d
e
N
o
.
o
f
n
o
d
e
s
N
o
.
o
f
e
d
g
e
s
B
a
n
d
u
n
g
M
i
n
:
-
6
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L
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d
etail,
Fig
u
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2
(
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s
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o
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v
ed
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n
B
an
d
u
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g
city
,
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
2
(
b
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s
h
o
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th
e
ar
ea
in
L
em
b
an
g
c
ity
th
at
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as
o
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th
is
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cities,
L
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s
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ased
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itio
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a
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er
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g
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L
em
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as
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d
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last
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.
L
ater
in
th
is
p
ap
er
,
th
ese
cities will b
e
co
m
b
in
ed
i
n
to
o
n
e
ar
ea
.
T
h
e
co
llectio
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o
f
r
o
a
d
in
f
o
r
m
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n
is
d
o
n
e
b
y
u
s
in
g
Op
en
Stre
etM
ap
s
wh
ich
p
r
o
v
id
es
th
e
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
o
r
ea
ch
in
ter
s
ec
tio
n
an
d
r
o
a
d
s
eg
m
en
t.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
Op
en
Stre
etM
ap
s
g
ath
er
ed
u
s
in
g
th
e
OSMNX
lib
r
ar
y
i
n
Py
t
h
o
n
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
OSMNX
,
th
es
e
two
cities
h
av
e
3
4
,
2
1
5
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ter
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s
an
d
8
0
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r
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ad
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p
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b
y
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ty
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e
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ce
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r
e
is
a
r
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d
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eg
m
e
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th
at
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teg
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as
p
r
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e)
to
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lcu
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in
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in
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p
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u
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atica
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n
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d
s
eg
m
en
t
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
in
ter
s
ec
tio
n
s
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
a
r
ea
s
in
th
is
wo
r
k
co
v
e
r
(
a)
B
an
d
u
n
g
city
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d
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b
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em
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a
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g
city
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
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J
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&
C
o
m
p
Sci
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SS
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
To
u
r
is
m
itin
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in
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Mich
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521
2
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1
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2
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Acc
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e
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th
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two
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B
ased
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th
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I
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d
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h
ig
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ca
p
ac
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an
u
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(
MK
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I
1
9
9
7
)
[
4
1
]
,
th
e
tr
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o
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ty
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s
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th
e
s
p
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o
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th
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v
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d
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eg
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ee
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o
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h
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eg
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en
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n
Fig
u
r
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3
,
th
e
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h
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p
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etwe
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th
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v
eh
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d
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e
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r
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(
SD)
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ee
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ig
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1
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o
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m
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lat
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ip
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ased
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=
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u
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3
.
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r
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ip
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eg
r
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e
v
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o
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atu
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ized
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o
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1
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to
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lev
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wh
er
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lev
el
s
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o
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lo
west tr
af
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ic
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f
r
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lo
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d
as th
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h
ig
h
est tr
af
f
ic
(
s
e
v
er
e
c
o
n
g
esti
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n
)
[
4
2
]
.
I
n
th
e
tr
af
f
ic
lev
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,
th
e
co
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g
e
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tio
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th
e
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in
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o
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lev
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is
m
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lik
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to
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s
in
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r
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n
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t
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s
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b
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with
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th
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ased
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=
{
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ap
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.
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u
r
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4
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o
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w.
B
y
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s
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g
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2
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d
(
3
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t
h
e
tr
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f
ic
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i
tio
n
f
o
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a
s
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r
o
ad
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eg
m
en
t
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eter
m
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th
er
m
o
r
e
,
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
tr
af
f
ic
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as
a
n
est
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Fig
u
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4
.
T
h
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ex
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e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
In
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
6
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
20
24
:
5
1
7
-
5
3
4
522
2
.
1
.
3
.
Wea
t
her
i
nfo
rma
t
io
n
As
an
im
p
o
r
tan
t
ad
d
itio
n
al
c
r
iter
io
n
,
th
e
wea
th
er
in
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
is
also
b
ein
g
co
llected
b
y
u
s
in
g
th
e
o
p
en
W
ea
th
er
s
er
v
ice
[
3
3
]
.
I
t
d
eliv
er
s
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
th
e
wea
th
er
b
ased
o
n
th
e
d
esi
g
n
ated
co
o
r
d
in
ates
wh
en
th
e
r
eq
u
est
is
s
en
t
to
th
e
ir
s
er
v
er
.
As
th
e
s
er
v
er
r
esp
o
n
d
s
,
it
will
g
iv
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
elate
d
to
t
h
e
wea
th
er
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
tem
p
er
atu
r
e,
h
u
m
i
d
ity
,
an
d
th
e
d
i
r
ec
tio
n
o
f
win
d
.
T
h
e
m
o
s
t
im
p
o
r
tan
t
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
elate
d
to
th
e
s
tu
d
y
is
th
e
wea
th
er
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
wh
er
ea
s
t
h
e
r
est
o
f
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
co
u
ld
b
e
ig
n
o
r
ed
.
I
n
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
g
ath
er
in
g
th
e
wea
th
e
r
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
th
er
e
will
b
e
a
n
ad
ju
s
tm
en
t
o
n
th
e
wea
th
er
lev
el,
s
in
ce
I
n
d
o
n
esia
h
as
two
k
in
d
s
o
f
s
ea
s
o
n
s
,
n
am
ely
d
r
y
an
d
r
ain
y
s
ea
s
o
n
s
.
Me
an
wh
ile,
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
o
p
en
W
ea
th
er
’
s
d
o
cu
m
en
tatio
n
,
th
e
wea
th
er
co
n
d
itio
n
is
s
ca
tter
ed
in
to
o
th
er
v
ar
iatio
n
s
,
s
u
ch
as
s
n
o
w,
an
d
to
r
n
ad
o
.
B
ased
o
n
th
is
s
itu
atio
n
,
th
e
ad
ju
s
tm
en
t
m
u
s
t
b
e
d
o
n
e
in
o
th
er
to
f
it
th
e
s
er
v
er
’
s
r
esp
o
n
s
es
an
d
th
e
r
ea
l
wea
th
er
co
n
d
i
tio
n
s
in
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
ia.
T
ab
le
2
s
h
o
ws
th
e
r
esu
lt
o
f
th
e
ad
ju
s
tm
en
t
in
wea
th
er
co
n
d
itio
n
s
u
s
ed
in
th
i
s
p
ap
er
.
T
ab
le
2
.
Simp
lific
atio
n
o
f
w
ea
th
er
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
D
e
t
a
i
l
e
d
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
S
i
mp
l
i
f
i
e
d
w
e
a
t
h
e
r
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
C
l
e
a
r
s
k
y
,
f
e
w
,
sc
a
t
t
e
r
,
b
r
o
k
e
n
,
a
n
d
o
v
e
r
c
a
st
c
l
o
u
d
s
Dry
Li
g
h
t
,
m
o
d
e
r
a
t
e
,
h
e
a
v
y
i
n
t
e
n
si
t
y
,
a
n
d
v
e
r
y
h
e
a
v
y
r
a
i
n
R
a
i
n
2
.
2
.
Ro
ute
p
la
nn
ing
As
an
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
m
o
d
el
th
e
tr
av
el
r
o
u
te,
th
e
c
o
n
ce
p
t
o
f
f
in
d
in
g
th
e
b
est
r
o
u
te
b
etwe
e
n
n
o
d
es
is
ap
p
lied
b
y
c
o
n
n
ec
tin
g
all
n
o
d
es
th
at
ar
e
u
s
ed
as
th
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
.
T
h
e
f
u
ll
-
m
esh
n
etwo
r
k
i
s
u
s
ed
as
a
co
n
ce
p
t
in
o
r
d
e
r
to
f
in
d
th
e
b
est
s
ch
em
e
f
o
r
d
esig
n
in
g
th
e
to
u
r
is
m
itin
er
ar
y
.
I
n
a
f
u
ll
-
m
esh
n
et
wo
r
k
,
n
o
d
es
will
b
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
.
I
n
a
r
o
a
d
n
etwo
r
k
,
ev
er
y
n
o
d
e
will
h
av
e
s
ev
er
a
l
alter
n
ativ
e
r
o
u
tes
to
co
n
n
ec
t
ea
ch
n
o
d
e
th
at
is
u
s
ed
in
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
.
B
ased
o
n
th
is
s
itu
atio
n
,
r
o
u
te
p
lan
n
in
g
is
u
s
ed
to
d
ef
in
e
th
e
o
p
tim
al
r
o
u
te
b
etwe
en
alter
n
ativ
es in
ea
ch
co
n
n
ec
ted
n
o
d
e.
As
m
en
tio
n
ed
i
n
th
e
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
s
ec
tio
n
,
in
t
h
e
s
tep
o
f
ca
lcu
latin
g
th
e
o
p
tim
al
r
o
u
te,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
r
eq
u
ir
es
s
ev
er
al
cr
iter
ia
th
at
r
ep
r
esen
t
th
e
s
itu
atio
n
o
n
th
e
r
o
ad
,
n
am
ely
r
o
ad
len
g
th
,
tr
af
f
ic
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
tr
av
el
tim
e,
an
d
wea
th
er
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
ese
cr
iter
ia
will
b
e
co
m
p
il
ed
in
to
n
ew
r
o
ad
weig
h
ts
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
ilatio
n
will
u
s
e
th
e
s
u
m
ad
d
itiv
e
weig
h
t
(
SAW
)
wh
ic
h
g
iv
es
th
e
p
r
io
r
it
y
o
r
weig
h
t
f
o
r
ea
ch
cr
iter
io
n
[
4
3
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
i
o
r
ity
v
alu
e
will
b
e
d
ef
in
ed
b
y
u
s
in
g
th
e
AHP
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
[
2
2
]
.
A
HP
ca
n
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
p
r
io
r
ity
lev
el
f
o
r
cr
iter
ia
b
y
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
th
e
p
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
of
th
e
u
s
er
[
4
4
]
.
2
.
2
.
1
.
Ro
a
d
weig
ht
ca
lcula
t
io
ns
T
h
e
cr
iter
ia
weig
h
t
ca
lcu
lati
o
n
in
th
e
AHP
m
eth
o
d
ca
n
b
e
d
o
n
e
b
ased
o
n
p
er
s
o
n
al
o
r
g
r
o
u
p
p
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
.
AHP
co
n
s
id
er
s
t
h
e
d
ec
is
io
n
m
ak
er
’
s
o
p
in
io
n
in
d
eter
m
in
i
n
g
th
e
cr
iter
ia
w
eig
h
t.
I
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
th
e
r
o
le
o
f
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
er
s
is
o
n
th
e
to
u
r
is
ts
.
T
h
e
cr
iter
ia
weig
h
t
in
AHP
is
f
o
r
m
u
l
ated
b
ased
o
n
th
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
etwe
en
two
c
r
iter
ia
an
d
it
m
u
s
t
b
e
c
o
m
p
ar
e
d
f
o
r
all
cr
iter
ia
th
at
ar
e
u
s
ed
in
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
e
n
t.
As s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
3
,
th
e
s
am
p
le
cr
iter
ia
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
co
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
b
etwe
en
cr
iter
ia
is
d
o
n
e.
T
ab
le
3
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
b
etwe
en
c
r
ite
r
ia
i
m
p
o
r
tan
ce
P
r
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
s
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
1
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
2
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
3
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
4
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
1
1
3
3
5
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
2
1
/
3
1
1
/
5
1
/
3
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
3
1
/
3
5
1
7
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
4
1
/
5
3
1
/
7
1
As
th
e
cr
iter
ia
weig
h
t
ca
lcu
la
tio
n
in
AHP,
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
lev
el
h
as
r
an
g
ed
f
r
o
m
1
to
9
[
4
5
]
,
with
ea
ch
v
alu
e
d
escr
ib
in
g
its
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
.
T
h
e
v
al
u
e
1
i
n
th
e
c
r
iter
ia
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
lev
el
b
etwe
en
two
cr
iter
ia
as
th
e
s
a
m
e,
m
ea
n
wh
ile,
v
alu
e
9
d
escr
i
b
es
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
cr
iter
ia
as
ex
tr
em
ely
s
tr
o
n
g
er
th
an
th
e
o
th
er
o
n
e.
T
h
at
m
ea
n
s
th
e
h
ig
h
er
v
alu
e
illu
s
tr
ates th
at
o
n
e
cr
iter
io
n
is
m
o
r
e
im
p
o
r
ta
n
t t
h
an
th
e
o
th
er
[
4
6
]
.
B
y
th
e
tim
e,
th
e
co
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
b
etwe
en
cr
iter
ia
is
co
llected
,
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
is
co
n
tin
u
ed
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
f
in
d
th
e
cr
iter
ia
weig
h
t
(
av
er
a
g
ed
v
alu
e
in
th
e
s
am
e
r
o
w
)
.
A
t
f
ir
s
t,
all
th
e
cr
iter
ia’
s
v
al
u
e
i
n
th
e
s
am
e
c
o
lu
m
n
is
ad
d
ed
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
4
.
All
v
alu
es
in
th
e
cr
iter
ia’
s
c
o
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
will
b
e
n
o
r
m
alize
d
b
y
th
e
s
u
m
m
atio
n
v
alu
e.
Me
an
wh
ile,
i
n
T
ab
le
5
,
it
s
h
o
ws
th
e
n
o
r
m
alize
d
v
al
u
e
b
ased
o
n
th
e
s
u
m
m
atio
n
v
alu
e
ca
lcu
lated
in
T
ab
le
4
.
On
t
h
e
r
ig
h
t sid
e
o
f
T
ab
le
5
,
th
e
a
v
er
ag
e
d
v
alu
e
(
in
i
tial c
r
iter
ia
weig
h
t)
f
o
r
ea
ch
cr
iter
io
n
is
s
h
o
wn
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
To
u
r
is
m
itin
era
r
y
r
ec
o
mme
n
d
a
tio
n
u
s
in
g
ve
h
icle
r
o
u
tin
g
p
r
o
b
lem
…
(
S
u
r
ya
Mich
r
a
n
d
i Na
s
u
tio
n
)
523
T
ab
le
4
.
Su
m
m
atio
n
f
o
r
ea
ch
c
r
iter
io
n
in
th
e
s
am
e
c
o
lu
m
n
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
1
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
2
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
3
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
4
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
1
1
3
3
5
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
2
1
/
3
1
1
/
5
1
/
3
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
3
1
/
3
5
1
7
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
4
1
/
5
3
1
/
7
1
To
t
a
l
1
.
8
6
7
12
4
.
3
4
3
1
3
.
3
3
3
At
th
e
tim
e
t
h
e
in
itial
c
r
iter
ia
weig
h
ts
ar
e
ca
lcu
lated
,
it m
u
s
t
b
e
c
h
ec
k
ed
f
o
r
c
o
n
s
is
ten
cy
.
In
(4
)
to
(
6
)
ar
e
u
s
ed
as
a
co
n
s
is
ten
cy
ch
ec
k
in
g
f
o
r
m
u
la
[
4
7
]
.
As
s
ee
n
in
(
4
)
,
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
th
e
t
o
tal
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
cr
iter
ia
i
n
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
r
o
w
(
)
a
n
d
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
i
n
i
t
i
al
c
r
it
e
r
i
a
w
e
i
g
h
ts
(
′
)
w
i
l
l m
e
as
u
r
e
t
h
e
v
a
l
u
e
o
f
l
a
m
b
d
a
(
)
w
h
i
c
h
is
s
h
o
w
n
as
t
h
e
e
i
g
e
n
v
a
l
u
e
.
T
h
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
e
i
g
e
n
v
a
l
u
e
(
)
w
il
l
b
e
u
s
e
d
i
n
f
u
r
t
h
e
r
c
al
c
u
l
at
i
o
n
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
(
5
)
.
T
h
e
co
n
s
is
ten
cy
in
d
ex
(
)
is
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
ased
o
n
th
e
an
d
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
cr
iter
ia
(
).
I
n
th
e
en
d
,
th
e
co
n
s
is
ten
cy
r
atio
(
)
is
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
b
y
d
iv
i
d
in
g
th
e
co
n
s
is
ten
cy
in
d
ex
an
d
a
co
n
s
tan
t
r
atio
i
n
d
ex
va
lu
e
(
)
as
s
h
o
wn
in
(
6
)
.
T
h
e
co
n
s
is
ten
cy
r
atio
m
u
s
t
h
av
e
a
v
alu
e
less
th
an
o
r
e
q
u
al
to
0
.
1
(
≤
0
.
1
)
.
I
f
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
is
g
r
ea
ter
th
an
th
e
th
r
esh
o
l
d
,
th
e
cr
iter
ia
co
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
m
u
s
t
b
e
r
ec
alcu
lated
u
n
til
its
v
alu
e
r
ea
ch
es
th
e
th
r
esh
o
ld
.
T
ab
le
5
.
N
o
r
m
aliza
tio
n
an
d
i
n
itiatio
n
o
f
c
r
iter
ia
w
eig
h
t
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
1
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
2
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
3
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
4
C
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
w
e
i
g
h
t
(
a
v
e
r
a
g
e
d
r
o
w
)
C
r
i
t
.
1
0
.
5
3
6
0
.
2
5
0
0
.
6
9
1
0
.
3
7
5
0
.
4
6
3
C
r
i
t
.
2
0
.
1
7
9
0
.
0
8
3
0
.
0
4
6
0
.
0
2
5
0
.
0
8
3
C
r
i
t
.
3
0
.
1
7
9
0
.
4
1
7
0
.
2
3
0
0
.
5
2
5
0
.
3
3
8
C
r
i
t
.
4
0
.
1
0
7
0
.
2
5
0
0
.
0
3
3
0
.
0
7
5
0
.
1
1
6
=
′
(
4
)
=
(
−
1
)
(
−
1
)
(
5
)
=
(
6
)
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
th
e
in
itial
cr
iter
ia
weig
h
t
is
c
h
an
g
e
d
in
t
o
th
e
f
in
al
cr
iter
ia
weig
h
t
at
t
h
e
tim
e
t
h
e
is
less
o
r
eq
u
al
t
o
0
.
1
.
In
(
7
)
s
h
o
ws
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
o
f
th
e
co
m
p
ilatio
n
o
f
weig
h
t
u
s
in
g
th
e
SAW
m
eth
o
d
as
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ly
m
e
n
tio
n
ed
.
T
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
weig
h
t
(
)
is
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
b
y
all
v
alu
es
o
f
cr
iter
ia
wei
g
h
t
(
)
an
d
th
e
cr
iter
ia
v
alu
e
(
)
as
s
h
o
wn
i
n
(
7
)
.
I
n
th
is
p
a
p
er
,
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
s
h
o
ws
th
e
n
ew
weig
h
t
f
o
r
ev
er
y
r
o
ad
s
eg
m
en
t a
n
d
it will b
e
u
s
ed
as a
p
ar
am
eter
in
ca
lcu
latin
g
th
e
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
ed
o
p
tim
al
r
o
u
te
f
o
r
th
e
to
u
r
is
ts
.
=
1
1
+
2
2
+
3
3
+
⋯
+
(
7
)
2
.
2
.
2
.
Sh
o
rt
est
pa
t
h c
a
lcula
t
i
o
ns
T
h
er
e
ar
e
lo
ts
o
f
s
h
o
r
test
-
p
at
h
ca
lcu
latio
n
m
eth
o
d
s
th
at
ca
n
b
e
ap
p
lied
to
f
in
d
th
e
o
p
t
im
al
r
o
u
te
b
etwe
en
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
,
s
u
ch
a
s
Dijk
s
tr
a
[
4
8
]
,
A*
[
4
9
]
,
an
d
Flo
y
d
-
W
ar
s
h
all
[
5
0
]
,
[
5
1
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
m
o
s
t
co
m
m
o
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
u
s
ed
in
c
al
cu
latin
g
th
e
s
h
o
r
test
p
ath
is
Dijk
s
tr
a
an
d
A*
[
5
2
]
–
[
5
5
]
.
I
n
Di
jk
s
tr
a,
th
e
s
h
o
r
test
r
o
u
te
is
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
b
y
ca
lc
u
latin
g
th
e
e
d
g
e’
s
weig
h
t
i
n
a
g
r
ap
h
[
5
6
]
,
[
5
7
]
.
T
h
is
m
eth
o
d
h
as
v
ast
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
t
s
,
s
u
ch
as
th
e
ad
d
itio
n
o
f
a
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilis
tic
f
ea
tu
r
e
in
d
e
f
in
in
g
th
e
r
o
u
te
[
5
8
]
,
an
d
d
y
n
am
ic
r
o
u
te
o
p
tim
izatio
n
[
4
8
]
.
Dijk
s
tr
a
also
co
u
l
d
b
e
im
p
lem
en
ted
f
o
r
s
in
g
le
-
s
o
u
r
ce
o
r
all
-
p
air
s
h
o
r
test
p
ath
ca
s
es.
On
t
h
e
o
th
er
h
a
n
d
,
A*
m
ea
s
u
r
es th
e
s
h
o
r
test
p
ath
b
ased
o
n
th
e
h
eu
r
is
tic
an
d
co
s
t c
alcu
latio
n
[
5
2
]
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
th
e
im
p
lem
en
tat
io
n
o
f
th
e
s
h
o
r
test
p
ath
alg
o
r
it
h
m
aim
s
to
f
in
d
th
e
o
p
tim
al
p
ath
f
o
r
all
p
air
s
o
f
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
in
t
h
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
a
r
ea
.
I
t
m
ea
n
s
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
r
esu
lt
m
u
s
t
d
eliv
er
th
e
m
o
s
t
o
p
tim
a
l
r
o
u
te
f
o
r
ea
ch
d
esti
n
atio
n
.
B
y
u
s
in
g
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
X
lib
r
ar
y
i
n
Py
th
o
n
,
t
h
e
k
-
b
est
s
h
o
r
test
p
ath
ca
n
b
e
d
ef
in
ed
,
as
Nasu
tio
n
et
al.
d
id
in
2
0
2
2
[
2
1
]
.
As
m
en
tio
n
ed
in
t
h
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
ec
tio
n
,
th
e
d
eter
m
in
at
io
n
o
f
th
e
s
h
o
r
test
p
ath
will
b
e
u
s
in
g
s
ev
er
al
cr
iter
ia,
s
u
ch
as
r
o
ad
len
g
th
,
tr
af
f
ic
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
tr
av
el
tim
e,
an
d
wea
th
er
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
e
s
h
o
r
test
p
ath
will b
e
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
f
in
d
in
g
th
e
r
o
u
te
with
th
e
lo
west c
o
s
t a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
o
th
e
r
alter
n
ativ
es.
2
.
3
.
T
o
uris
m
s
po
t
info
rma
t
i
o
n
As
ex
p
lain
ed
in
th
e
ea
r
lier
s
ec
tio
n
,
L
em
b
an
g
h
as
lo
ts
o
f
to
u
r
is
m
s
p
o
ts
f
o
r
lo
ca
l
an
d
f
o
r
eig
n
to
u
r
is
ts
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
t
o
th
e
d
ata
f
r
o
m
th
e
T
o
u
r
is
m
B
u
r
ea
u
o
f
W
est
B
an
d
u
n
g
R
eg
en
cy
,
th
er
e
ar
e
m
o
r
e
th
an
5
0
s
p
o
ts
f
o
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
In
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
6
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
20
24
:
5
1
7
-
5
3
4
524
s
ce
n
er
y
,
cu
is
in
e
,
an
d
cu
ltu
r
e
s
p
r
ea
d
in
th
e
ar
ea
o
f
W
est
B
an
d
u
n
g
R
eg
en
cy
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
e
r
,
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
is
d
o
n
e
b
y
u
s
in
g
o
n
ly
1
8
s
p
o
ts
th
at
ar
e
in
L
em
b
an
g
.
T
ab
le
6
s
h
o
ws
th
e
d
etailed
to
u
r
is
m
s
p
o
ts
u
s
ed
in
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
.
T
h
e
tab
le
s
h
o
ws
th
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
lo
ca
tio
n
o
f
e
v
er
y
s
p
o
t
(
lo
ca
tio
n
n
am
e
an
d
co
o
r
d
i
n
ates)
,
its
o
p
en
in
g
an
d
clo
s
in
g
tim
e,
t
h
e
co
m
m
o
n
d
u
r
atio
n
th
at
is
tak
en
in
e
v
er
y
s
p
o
t,
an
d
its
r
atin
g
.
T
ab
le
6
.
I
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
n
s
ev
er
al
t
o
u
r
is
m
s
p
o
ts
N
a
me
o
f
t
o
u
r
i
sm
sp
o
t
s
C
o
o
r
d
i
n
a
t
e
s
O
p
e
n
i
n
g
t
i
me
C
l
o
si
n
g
t
i
me
D
u
r
a
t
i
o
n
R
a
t
i
n
g
F
a
r
mh
o
u
s
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L
e
m
b
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-
6
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7
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D
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su
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1
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7
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F
l
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M
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mb
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6
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Te
b
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K
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r
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4
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2
Me
an
wh
ile,
th
er
e
is
o
n
ly
o
n
e
n
o
d
e
th
at
is
u
s
ed
as
a
d
ep
ar
tu
r
e
p
o
in
t
in
t
h
is
p
ap
er
.
I
t
will
f
u
n
ctio
n
as
a
s
o
u
r
ce
an
d
s
in
k
n
o
d
e
in
t
h
e
V
R
PT
W
.
I
t
is
p
lace
d
i
n
th
e
m
id
d
le
o
f
B
an
d
u
n
g
c
ity
s
in
ce
it
h
as
r
elativ
ely
s
im
ilar
d
is
tan
ce
to
all
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
th
at
ar
e
u
s
ed
in
th
is
p
ap
er
.
T
ab
l
e
7
s
h
o
ws
th
e
d
etailed
lo
ca
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
o
u
r
ce
an
d
s
in
k
n
o
d
es.
C
o
m
m
o
n
ly
,
a
h
o
t
el
is
o
p
en
2
4
h
o
u
r
s
,
b
u
t
in
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
,
th
e
o
p
en
in
g
tim
e
is
s
et
as
th
e
d
ep
ar
tu
r
e
tim
e.
Sin
ce
th
is
lo
ca
tio
n
is
u
s
ed
as
th
e
in
itial
d
ep
a
r
tu
r
e
a
n
d
d
esti
n
atio
n
,
th
e
d
u
r
atio
n
in
t
h
is
lo
ca
tio
n
will
b
e
s
et
as 0
.
T
ab
le
7
.
Dep
a
r
tu
r
e
an
d
a
r
r
i
v
al
l
o
ca
tio
n
Lo
c
a
t
i
o
n
C
o
o
r
d
i
n
a
t
e
s
O
p
e
n
i
n
g
t
i
me
C
l
o
si
n
g
t
i
me
D
u
r
a
t
i
o
n
S
a
n
t
i
k
a
-
6
.
9
0
7
6
7
0
,
1
0
7
.
6
1
1
7
6
9
25
,
200
72
,
000
0
2
.
4
.
VRP
t
i
m
e
wind
o
ws
VR
P
is
a
m
eth
o
d
th
at
t
r
ies
to
s
o
lv
e
th
e
v
eh
icle’
s
r
o
u
tin
g
u
s
in
g
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
,
s
u
ch
as
tim
e
,
ca
p
ac
ity
,
an
d
m
ax
im
u
m
s
to
p
s
.
Fo
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
th
e
d
er
iv
ativ
e
m
eth
o
d
s
o
f
VR
P
ar
e
th
e
C
VR
P
[
5
9
]
,
f
leet
s
ize
VR
P
[
6
0
]
,
an
d
VR
PTW
[
3
0
]
.
I
n
C
VR
P
,
th
e
m
ai
n
co
n
s
tr
ain
t
u
s
ed
t
o
s
o
lv
e
th
e
r
o
u
tin
g
p
r
o
b
lem
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
ca
p
ac
ities
th
at
ca
n
b
e
ca
r
r
ied
b
y
v
eh
icles
at
all
s
to
p
p
o
in
ts
[
6
1
]
,
[
6
2
]
.
Me
an
wh
ile,
in
f
leet
-
s
ize
VR
P
f
in
d
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
v
eh
icles
to
s
o
lv
e
a
ll
th
e
p
r
o
b
lem
s
th
at
ar
is
e
f
r
o
m
th
e
d
e
m
an
d
(
u
s
er
s
)
[
63]
.
V
R
PT
W
wh
ich
is
th
e
d
er
iv
ativ
e
v
er
s
io
n
o
f
VR
P,
s
o
lv
ed
th
e
p
r
o
b
lem
b
ased
o
n
tim
e
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
[
1
5
]
, s
u
ch
as tr
av
el
tim
e,
o
p
er
atio
n
al
tim
e,
in
ter
v
al
tim
e,
an
d
o
th
e
r
t
im
e
asp
ec
ts
[
2
8
]
.
=
+
+
(
8
)
VR
PT
W
n
ee
d
s
s
ev
er
al
p
iece
s
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
elate
d
to
lo
c
atio
n
s
th
at
m
u
s
t
b
e
v
is
ited
,
s
u
ch
as
th
e
ea
r
lies
t
tim
e
ar
r
iv
ed
in
th
e
l
o
ca
tio
n
,
tr
a
v
el
tim
e
b
etwe
en
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
,
an
d
co
m
m
o
n
s
er
v
ice
tim
e
in
ea
ch
d
esti
n
atio
n
.
In
(
8
)
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
tim
e
(
)
b
ased
o
n
th
e
s
tar
tin
g
tim
e
(
)
,
s
er
v
ice
tim
e
(
)
,
an
d
tr
av
el
tim
e
(
)
.
VR
PTW
m
u
s
t
b
e
ab
le
to
ca
lcu
lat
e
th
e
tr
a
v
el
r
o
u
te
b
ased
o
n
th
e
tim
e
win
d
o
ws
th
at
m
ay
ap
p
ea
r
d
if
f
er
en
tly
f
o
r
ea
ch
d
esti
n
atio
n
.
3.
SI
M
UL
A
T
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
S
AND
DIS
CUSS
I
O
NS
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
is
s
im
u
lated
in
a
co
m
p
u
ter
th
at
h
as
2
GHz
Qu
ad
-
C
o
r
e
I
n
tel
C
o
r
e
i5
as
it
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
,
a
n
d
1
6
GB
3
7
3
3
MH
z
DDR4
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
is
d
iv
id
e
d
in
t
o
s
ev
er
al
im
p
o
r
tan
t
s
tep
s
,
n
am
el
y
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
co
llectio
n
,
o
p
tim
al
tr
av
el
r
o
u
te
b
etwe
en
to
u
r
is
m
s
p
o
ts
,
an
d
to
u
r
is
m
itin
er
ar
y
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
u
s
in
g
VR
PTW.
T
h
e
m
ain
o
u
t
p
u
t
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
is
th
e
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
o
f
a
to
u
r
is
m
itin
er
ar
y
th
at
h
as th
e
h
ig
h
est r
atin
g
co
m
p
a
r
ed
with
o
t
h
er
itin
er
ar
ies.
3
.
1
.
Ro
a
d
i
nfo
rma
t
io
n
T
h
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
is
g
ath
er
ed
f
r
o
m
s
ev
er
al
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
I
n
th
is
s
u
b
s
ec
tio
n
,
t
h
e
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
is
o
n
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
c
o
llectin
g
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
its
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
in
th
is
s
tep
ar
e
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
n
th
e
r
o
a
d
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
es,
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
tr
af
f
ic
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
an
d
wea
th
er
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
th
e
tr
av
el
tim
e
is
o
n
ly
ca
lcu
lated
b
ased
o
n
th
e
l
en
g
th
o
f
ea
ch
r
o
ad
a
n
d
th
e
v
eh
icle’
s
s
p
ee
d
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
To
u
r
is
m
itin
era
r
y
r
ec
o
mme
n
d
a
tio
n
u
s
in
g
ve
h
icle
r
o
u
tin
g
p
r
o
b
lem
…
(
S
u
r
ya
Mich
r
a
n
d
i Na
s
u
tio
n
)
525
3
.
1
.
1
.
Ro
a
d
i
nfr
a
s
t
ruct
ure
I
n
t
h
e
i
n
i
t
i
a
l
s
t
a
g
e
o
f
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
c
o
l
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
r
o
a
d
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
i
n
B
a
n
d
u
n
g
a
n
d
L
e
m
b
a
n
g
,
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
i
n
t
e
r
s
e
ct
i
o
n
s
a
n
d
r
o
a
d
s
e
g
m
e
n
t
s
is
3
4
,
2
1
5
a
n
d
8
0
,
0
9
9
r
e
s
p
e
c
t
i
v
e
l
y
.
F
i
g
u
r
e
5
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
r
o
a
d
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
i
n
t
h
e
o
b
s
e
r
v
e
d
ar
e
a
s
.
S
p
e
ci
f
i
c
a
ll
y
,
F
i
g
u
r
e
5
(
a
)
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
r
o
a
d
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
i
n
B
a
n
d
u
n
g
c
i
t
y
,
a
n
d
F
i
g
u
r
e
5
(
b
)
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
c
o
n
n
e
c
t
i
o
n
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
r
o
a
d
s
i
n
L
e
m
b
a
n
g
c
i
t
y
.
T
h
i
s
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
i
s
g
a
t
h
e
r
e
d
f
r
o
m
O
p
e
n
S
t
r
e
et
M
a
p
s
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
O
SM
N
X
li
b
r
a
r
y
i
n
P
y
t
h
o
n
.
L
a
t
e
r
,
b
o
t
h
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
es
w
il
l
b
e
c
o
m
b
i
n
e
d
a
s
o
n
e
m
a
p
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
T
h
e
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
o
f
n
o
d
es a
n
d
e
d
g
es o
n
t
h
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
a
r
ea
(
a)
B
an
d
u
n
g
an
d
(
b
)
L
em
b
an
g
As
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
,
th
e
r
esu
lt
o
f
c
o
m
b
in
i
n
g
t
h
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city
o
f
B
an
d
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d
L
em
b
an
g
s
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cc
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d
ed
.
I
t
also
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
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th
at
b
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e
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n
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ased
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ter
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n
s
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.
As
m
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ed
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,
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atin
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at
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u
s
t
b
e
elim
in
ated
ar
e
r
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ad
s
with
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e
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tial
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ce
s
s
,
an
d
p
r
iv
ate
r
o
a
d
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
a
)
s
h
o
ws
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
ar
ea
s
with
f
u
ll
r
o
ad
s
eg
m
en
ts
.
As
a
r
esu
lt
o
f
t
h
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
b
)
s
h
o
ws
th
at
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
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o
ad
s
e
g
m
en
ts
is
r
ed
u
ce
d
f
r
o
m
8
0
,
0
9
9
to
1
3
,
1
5
0
.
T
h
is
m
ea
n
s
th
e
p
r
e
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
s
tag
e
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ed
u
ce
s
th
e
r
o
ad
s
eg
m
en
ts
b
y
a
b
o
u
t
8
3
.
5
8
%.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
aim
s
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
co
m
p
u
tatio
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ce
s
s
,
n
o
t
o
n
ly
in
th
e
co
n
tex
t o
f
s
av
in
g
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
,
b
u
t a
ls
o
in
th
e
tim
e
r
e
q
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
C
o
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
a
r
ea
s
with
(
a)
f
u
ll r
o
ad
s
eg
m
e
n
ts
an
d
(
b
)
r
ed
u
ce
d
r
o
ad
s
eg
m
e
n
ts
3
.
1
.
2
.
T
ra
f
f
ic
c
o
nd
it
io
n
I
n
th
is
s
tep
,
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
tr
af
f
ic
co
n
d
itio
n
s
is
r
ea
lized
b
ased
o
n
th
e
r
esp
o
n
s
es
o
f
T
o
m
T
o
m
d
ig
ital
m
ap
s
.
T
a
b
le
8
s
h
o
ws
s
o
m
e
s
am
p
les
o
f
ca
lc
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
f
r
o
m
T
o
m
T
o
m
’
s
r
esp
o
n
s
es
f
r
o
m
s
ev
er
al
lo
ca
tio
n
s
.
T
r
af
f
ic
co
n
d
itio
n
is
d
eter
m
in
e
d
b
y
u
s
in
g
v
eh
icl
e
s
p
ee
d
b
o
t
h
in
cu
r
r
en
t
a
n
d
t
r
af
f
ic
-
f
r
ee
s
itu
atio
n
s
.
Sin
ce
,
th
e
r
o
ad
ty
p
e
in
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
ar
ea
is
2
/2
UD,
th
e
(
1
)
is
u
s
ed
to
d
eter
m
in
e
t
h
e
s
atu
r
atio
n
d
eg
r
ee
.
T
h
e
tr
af
f
ic
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
8
,
was
g
ath
er
ed
o
n
Octo
b
er
2
5
th
,
2
0
2
3
,
at
6
AM
.
As
s
ee
n
i
n
th
e
tab
le,
s
ev
er
al
r
o
ad
s
eg
m
e
n
ts
h
av
e
tr
af
f
ic
lev
els
as
f
o
llo
ws:
,
,
,
an
d
.
T
h
ese
v
alu
es
ar
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
u
s
in
g
(
2
)
,
wh
ich
is
u
s
ed
to
ca
teg
o
r
ize
th
e
tr
af
f
ic
co
n
d
itio
n
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
its
s
atu
r
atio
n
d
eg
r
ee
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
r
esu
lt,
th
er
e
is
a
s
atu
r
atio
n
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
m
o
r
e
th
a
n
1
0
0
%.
B
ased
o
n
(
2
)
,
th
is
tr
af
f
ic
lev
el
will
b
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
In
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
6
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
20
24
:
5
1
7
-
5
3
4
526
d
ef
in
ed
as
class
.
L
ater
,
th
is
v
alu
e
will
b
e
ad
ju
s
ted
in
to
n
u
m
er
ical
f
o
r
m
,
s
o
th
e
tr
af
f
ic
lev
els
to
will
b
e
ch
an
g
ed
in
to
lev
els
1
to
6
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
an
d
th
is
n
u
m
b
er
will
b
e
n
o
r
m
alize
d
to
h
av
e
0
to
1
as
it
r
an
g
es.
Me
an
wh
ile,
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
n
tr
av
el
ti
m
e
will
b
e
r
ec
alcu
l
ated
b
y
u
s
in
g
v
eh
icle
s
p
ee
d
a
n
d
th
e
r
o
ad
len
g
th
.
I
t
m
u
s
t
b
e
d
o
n
e
s
in
ce
T
o
m
T
o
m
tak
es
it
f
r
o
m
s
ev
er
al
r
o
a
d
s
th
at
ar
e
d
ir
ec
tly
co
n
n
ec
te
d
to
th
e
lo
ca
tio
n
’
s
co
o
r
d
in
ates.
T
ab
le
8
.
T
h
e
c
alcu
latio
n
o
f
t
r
a
f
f
ic
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
b
ased
o
n
T
o
m
T
o
m
r
o
a
d
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
Ti
me
Lo
c
a
t
i
o
n
C
u
r
r
e
n
t
s
p
e
e
d
(
K
p
H
)
F
r
e
e
f
l
o
w
sp
e
e
d
(
K
p
H
)
C
u
r
r
e
n
t
t
r
a
v
e
l
t
i
m
e
(
s)
F
r
e
e
f
l
o
w
t
r
a
v
e
l
t
i
me
(
s)
S
a
t
u
r
a
t
i
o
n
d
e
g
r
e
e
(
%)
Tr
a
f
f
i
c
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
(A
-
F)
0
6
:
0
7
:
3
8
-
6
.
8
8
1
5
7
3
8
,
1
0
7
.
5
7
8
7
9
5
8
47
61
5
3
1
4
0
9
6
8
.
8
5
2
E
0
6
:
0
7
:
4
9
-
6
.
8
6
9
8
6
3
4
,
1
0
7
.
5
8
1
4
7
4
7
45
61
5
5
4
4
0
9
7
8
.
6
8
9
E
0
6
:
0
9
:
0
0
-
6
.
9
0
7
7
7
6
6
,
1
0
7
.
5
7
2
3
9
4
6
42
60
5
9
4
4
1
6
90
F
0
6
:
1
2
:
2
6
-
6
.
8
6
5
6
3
6
3
,
1
0
7
.
5
8
1
8
8
2
8
39
69
6
4
9
4
1
6
1
3
0
.
4
3
5
F
0
6
:
1
2
:
2
6
-
6
.
8
6
4
1
7
5
7
,
1
0
7
.
5
8
1
4
4
5
9
58
71
3
0
6
2
5
0
5
4
.
9
3
0
D
0
6
:
4
3
:
4
3
-
6
.
9
3
4
8
2
4
1
,
1
0
7
.
6
2
3
2
4
4
4
77
77
1
,
2
2
2
1
,
2
2
2
0
A
3
.
1
.
3
.
Wea
t
her
c
o
nd
it
io
n
I
n
th
is
s
tep
,
th
e
r
ea
lizatio
n
o
f
th
e
wea
th
er
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
is
d
o
n
e.
T
o
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
co
m
p
u
tati
o
n
al
co
s
t,
th
er
e
will
b
e
a
s
tep
o
f
s
im
p
lific
atio
n
o
f
r
e
q
u
ested
wea
th
er
d
ata.
I
t
is
co
m
m
o
n
,
th
at
s
ev
er
al
ar
ea
s
h
av
e
s
im
ilar
wea
th
er
.
Acc
o
r
d
i
n
g
to
t
h
is
co
n
d
itio
n
,
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
ar
ea
will b
e
d
iv
id
ed
in
t
o
s
ev
er
al
s
ec
to
r
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
s
h
o
ws
th
e
illu
s
tr
atio
n
o
f
s
ec
to
r
s
th
at
ar
e
u
s
ed
in
g
ath
er
in
g
th
e
wea
th
er
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
.
I
n
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
ar
ea
,
th
er
e
will
b
e
1
6
s
ec
to
r
s
.
I
f
th
er
e
is
an
y
d
ata
r
eq
u
ested
b
y
th
e
s
y
s
tem
,
th
er
e
ar
e
o
n
ly
1
6
r
eq
u
ests
at
o
n
e
tim
e.
W
h
en
ev
e
r
a
r
o
a
d
s
eg
m
en
t n
ee
d
s
we
ath
e
r
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
it will r
ef
er
to
t
h
e
n
ea
r
est s
ec
to
r
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Secto
r
s
f
o
r
th
e
c
o
llectio
n
o
f
wea
th
e
r
co
n
d
itio
n
3
.
2
.
Ro
a
d
weig
ht
co
m
pil
a
t
io
n
T
h
is
s
tep
n
ee
d
s
at
least
two
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
,
(
i
)
r
o
ad
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
th
at
is
g
ath
er
e
d
b
y
u
s
in
g
m
an
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
,
an
d
(
ii
)
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
o
f
t
o
u
r
is
t
p
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
s
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
th
e
cr
iter
ia
th
at
will
b
e
co
m
p
ar
e
d
ar
e
th
e
r
o
ad
len
g
th
,
tr
af
f
ic
c
o
n
d
iti
o
n
s
,
tr
av
el
tim
e,
an
d
wea
th
er
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
B
y
th
e
tim
e,
th
e
r
o
ad
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
p
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
ar
e
co
llected
,
th
e
c
o
m
p
ilatio
n
o
f
th
e
r
o
ad
weig
h
t b
eg
an
.
3
.
2
.
1
.
Crit
er
ia
weig
ht
co
m
pil
a
t
io
n
I
n
th
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
o
f
cr
iter
ia
wei
g
h
t
co
m
p
ilatio
n
,
t
h
e
p
r
ef
er
e
n
c
e
f
r
o
m
a
t
o
u
r
is
t
is
n
ee
d
e
d
.
T
h
e
y
will
b
e
ask
ed
ab
o
u
t
th
e
4
cr
iter
ia
th
at
m
en
tio
n
ed
b
e
f
o
r
e.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
cr
iter
ia
co
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
s
ca
n
b
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
y
u
s
in
g
(
9
)
,
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
cr
iter
ia
th
at
tr
ied
to
b
e
co
m
p
a
r
e
d
.
I
n
d
ir
ec
tly
,
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
c
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
will
b
e
in
cr
ea
s
ed
alo
n
g
with
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
cr
iter
ia.
=
∑
−
−
1
=
1
(
9
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.