TELKOM
NIKA Indonesia
n
Journal of
Electrical En
gineering
Vol.12, No.7, July 201
4, pp
. 4954 ~ 49
6
2
DOI: 10.115
9
1
/telkomni
ka.
v
12i7.498
3
4954
Re
cei
v
ed O
c
t
ober 2
9
, 201
3; Revi
se
d Febru
a
ry 15, 2
014; Accepte
d
March 8, 20
14
A Reliability Evaluation of High Speed Railway Traction
Substation Based on the GO-FLOW Methodology
Li Liang, Feng Zhao, Sihua Wan
g
Schoo
l of auto
m
ation & el
ectrical
e
ngi
ne
erin
g, Lanzh
ou j
i
ao
tong Un
iver
sit
y
Lanz
ho
u, GanSu 730
07
0, Ch
ina
Corresp
on
din
g
author, emai
l: lian
g
l
i
kua
ile
@h
otmail.com
A
b
st
r
a
ct
In order to ass
u
re the u
n
interr
upted p
o
w
e
r supp
ly
of hig
h
spee
d railw
ay, the rel
i
ab
ility as
sessme
n
t
of traction subs
tation is ess
ent
ial
at the
desi
g
n stage. Bas
e
d
on the syste
m
relia
bil
i
ty eng
i
neer
ing th
eory,
a
new
system
reliabi
lity analy
sis m
e
th
od called the GO-FLOW m
e
thodology
is appl
ied in
the reli
abilit
y
assess
me
nt of traction su
bstation
of hi
gh s
pee
d rai
l
w
a
y. Consi
der
ing f
a
i
l
ure
and
dyn
a
m
ic c
haract
e
ri
stics
over time of the co
mp
on
ent
s and shutd
o
w
n correlatio
n
of electrical
equ
ip
me
nts
in
substation, o
n
the
ana
lysis of the
traction pow
e
r
supply syste
m
, the GO-
FLOW chart of
traction p
o
w
e
r supp
ly system is
establ
ishe
d by
taking the un
interru
pted p
o
w
er supply
as
its target. T
h
eir op
erators
sign
al flow
s and
oper
ation r
u
les
are an
aly
z
e
d
. Then, the q
u
a
n
titative a
nd q
ualit
ative ass
e
ssme
n
t of reli
a
b
ility ar
e rea
l
i
z
ed
,
the w
eakness
of system is de
termi
n
e
d
. Thus, the reliab
ility
eval
uatio
n
of hi
gh-sp
eed r
a
ilw
ay traction p
o
w
e
r
supply system
is completed.
Ke
y
w
ords
:
hi
g
h
spee
d railw
a
y
, traction subs
tation, GO-F
L
OW
method
olo
g
y, relia
bil
i
ty assessment
Copy
right
©
2014 In
stitu
t
e o
f
Ad
van
ced
En
g
i
n
eerin
g and
Scien
ce. All
rig
h
t
s reser
ve
d
.
1. Introduc
tion
Along
with t
he la
rge
-
scal
e con
s
tru
c
tio
n
an
d o
pera
t
ion of hi
gh
-spe
ed
rail
wa
y, th
e
probl
em
s of
safety and reli
ability arou
nd
peopl
e a
r
e
concern
ed. As the tran
sfo
r
mation b
r
idg
e
o
f
three
-
ph
ase alternatin
g
current
(A
C) power sup
p
ly system
and
singl
e-p
h
a
s
e
electri
c
syst
em,
traction
sub
s
tation is eq
uip
ped
with a
large nu
mbe
r
of
impo
rtant ele
c
tri
c
al e
quip
m
ents. O
n
ce
the
equipm
ents
g
o
wrong, they
would
di
re
ctl
y
affect the normal o
p
e
r
ati
on of the hig
h
-spee
d rail
wa
y
even ca
use g
r
eat e
c
on
omi
c
losse
s
[1-2]. Tractio
n
su
b
s
tation mu
st
guarantee th
e good
qualit
y o
f
power supply
and high reli
ability, thus safety and
stability of
the running trai
n co
uld be en
sure
d.
The reli
ability evaluation of trac
tion power supply system was
con
ducted by Fault Tree Anal
ysi
s
(FTA) i
n
2
0
0
6
[3]. The
re
liability and
eco
nomy of t
r
actio
n
sub
s
t
a
tion were e
v
aluated by t
he
minimum
cut
set method
based on adjacent termin
al
matrix in
2007 [4]. The reli
ability evaluat
ion
of main ele
c
trical
wiri
ng in
traction
sub
s
tation wa
s finishe
d
with th
e goal o
r
ient
ed (G
O) met
hod
that is
simpl
e
and clear i
n
2009 [5]. In 2012,
a
rel
i
ability evaluation of met
r
o traction power
sup
p
ly sy
ste
m
was cond
u
c
ted
by failu
re mo
de
and
effects
analy
s
is (F
MEA)
a
nd FTA
met [
6
].
Ho
wever, hi
g
h
-spee
d rail
way traction p
o
we
r supply
system h
a
s
a
n
importa
nt feature,
whi
c
h
is
the obviou
s
d
y
namic
ch
ara
c
teri
stic. In th
e ab
ov
e references,
syste
m
ri
sk analy
s
is meth
od
s a
r
e
the static a
n
a
lyse
s. They
are tra
d
ition
a
l me
thod
s
and a
r
e diffi
cult to de
scribe the sy
stem
dynamic cha
r
acteri
stic
[7].
The p
ape
r
applie
s a
n
e
w
relia
bility analysi
s
m
e
thod-GO
-FL
O
W m
e
thod
ology to
reliability anal
ysis of the hi
gh-spe
ed rail
way tra
c
ti
on
sub
s
tation. Consi
deri
ng th
at the failure
and
compl
e
x dyn
a
mic
ch
aract
e
risti
c
s of n
u
m
ero
u
s ele
c
trical
equip
m
e
n
ts; the
relia
b
ility evaluatio
n of
the system i
s
analyzed.
On
the anal
ysis
of the tractio
n
power
sup
p
l
y
system
,
GO-FLO
W
cha
r
t of
traction
po
we
r su
ppl
y system
is establi
s
he
d b
y
taki
ng the u
n
int
e
rrupted
po
wer suppl
y a
s
its
target.
Q
uanti
t
ative cal
c
ulat
ion of th
e tra
c
tion
po
wer
supply system
is re
alize
d
,
t
he steady-sta
te
characteri
stics of the sy
stem are achiev
ed, and t
he
probabilities of
traction power
supply syst
em
over all work time points
have bee
n a
c
hieve
d
. Na
mely the dynamic
reliabilit
y analysis
a
nd
reliability eval
uation of high
speed rail
way traction power
su
pply system are com
p
leted.
In this pape
r, it is shown
that the GO-FL
O
W
could
complet
e
these a
nalyses in the
traction
sub
s
tation sy
ste
m
. And a
n
example
of
analysi
s
by the G
O
-F
LO
W m
e
thod
ology is
pre
s
ente
d
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
A Reliability
Evaluation of High Sp
eed
Rail
way Tract
i
on Substation
Based on the… (Li Li
ang)
4955
1.1. The Significant F
eatures and
Fu
nctions o
f
G
O
-FL
O
W M
e
thodolog
y
In the mid of
1980’
s, two
schola
r
s,
Ja
pan'
s M
r
. Matsuo
ka
and
Michiyu
k
i K
obaya
s
hi
Marin
e
of research in
stitut
e in
To
kyo, d
e
velope
d the
basi
c
con
c
e
p
t and al
gorith
m
on the
ba
si
s of
the re
sea
r
ch
GO metho
d
, whi
c
h is differ
ent from the GO
method, n
a
med G
O
-F
LO
W
methodol
ogy [8], it is a new met
hod for system relia
bili
ty analysis.
The GO
-FL
O
W metho
dolo
g
y posse
sses the following
signifi
cant fea
t
ures [9]:
a) G
O
-F
LO
W cha
r
t co
rresp
ond
s to t
he phy
sical l
a
yout of a
system an
d is easy to
con
s
tru
c
t and
validate;
b) Alteration
s and upd
ates
of a GO-FL
O
W
ch
art are e
a
sily made;
c) Th
e GO
-F
LOW
cha
r
t co
ntains all p
o
ssible
system
s operatio
nal states;
d) The a
nalysis is pe
rform
e
d by one GO
-FLO
W ch
art run by one co
mputer.
The GO
-FL
O
W metho
dolo
g
y has the fol
l
owin
g functio
n
s:
a) Analysi
s
of
phased missi
on pro
b
lem;
b) Identificati
on of minimal
cut sets;
c) Uncertai
nty
analysis;
d) Aging a
nd
maintena
nce effects.
It is a
kind
of effective, intuitive and
accura
te m
e
tho
d
of sy
stem
reliability anal
ysis. Th
e
step
s of anal
yzing the sy
stem by GO-F
L
OW meth
odol
ogy are a
s
follows:
a) Establi
s
hi
n
g
a system of
GO-FL
O
W
chart;
b) Inputting o
perato
r
data
by the GO-FL
OW cha
r
t;
c) Finishing
GO-F
L
O
W
calcul
ation
a
n
d
the stren
g
th of a
sign
al
at all time poi
nts of the
sy
st
em;
d) Acco
rding
to the results
of calc
ulation,
system ne
ed
s to be analy
z
ed.
For syste
m
m
odelin
g,
fourt
een different
types
of
ope
rators h
a
ve b
e
en d
e
fined
cu
rre
ntly.
The fu
nctio
n
s
of
the
GO
-
FLO
W
op
erato
r
s a
r
e
different from
those
of th
e G
O
o
perators.
Becau
s
e
of the meani
ng of
the sig
nal in t
he GO
-F
L
O
W metho
dolo
g
y is complet
e
ly different from
that in the GO method
s. The prin
cipl
es
of GO-
FL
OW operatio
ns
can be refe
re
n
c
ed to refe
re
nce
[8]. The symb
ols of o
p
e
r
ato
r
s i
n
the G
O
-FLO
W c
hart
are
sh
own
in
Figure 1. Th
e
numb
e
r of th
e
figure in the symbol mea
n
s
the ope
rato
r model
s.
Type numb
e
r is greate
r
than
20, in order
to
sho
w
the differen
c
e o
p
e
r
a
t
or with GO
method.
Figure 1. Ope
r
ators in the
GO - FL
OW
Methodol
ogy
2. Main Equipment Reliabi
lit
y
Index of Tractio
n Substa
tion
From the viewpoi
nt of reli
ability, assum
i
ng
that all equipment
s and the com
ponents are
expone
ntially distribute
d
. At the same time, afte
r co
ntinuou
s wo
rking, t
hey already had sta
b
le
cha
r
a
c
teri
stics. In addition,
assume that
t
he traction
substatio
n
is a
repai
rabl
e sy
stem.
In an exampl
e of a high-speed railway traction
sub
s
t
a
tion, the external p
o
wer
supply o
f
220
kV level,
it use
s
th
e
AT po
wer su
pply mod
e
. T
he mai
n
ele
c
trical
wiri
ng
o
f
equipm
ents is
sho
w
n in figu
re 2. Visibly,
the system i
s
not a
sim
p
l
e
se
rie
s
-p
ara
llel st
ru
cture, assumin
g
that
reliability parameters of m
a
in ele
c
trical
equipm
ents [
10] are
sho
w
n in Table 1.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 12, No. 7, July 201
4: 4954 – 49
62
4956
Figure 2. Sch
e
matic Di
ag
ram of Tra
c
tio
n
Powe
r Sup
p
ly System
Table 1. Reli
ability Param
e
ters of Mai
n
Equipments i
n
Traction Substation
Basic Components
F
a
ilur
e
Rate
/(Ti
me/
y
ea
r)
Troubleshooting time/h
Local Pow
e
r A
0.8
11
Local Pow
e
r B
0.95
15
Bus 0.1
3
Isolating Sw
itch
0.08
3
Circuit Breaker
0.12
3
Traction T
r
ansfor
m
er
0.03
90
Curre
nt Tr
ansfor
m
er
0.015
10
3. The Traction Substation Reliabilit
y
Modeling Based on the GO-FLOW M
e
thodolog
y
3.1. Sy
stem
Analy
s
is
Tra
c
tion po
wer supply sy
stem is mainly
comp
osed of
external po
wer suppli
e
s, i
s
olatin
g
swit
che
s
, current tran
sform
e
rs, SF
6
circu
i
t brea
ke
rs, traction t
r
an
sfo
r
mers, b
u
ses
and oth
e
r
unit
s
(Figu
r
e
1).
Traction
sub
s
ta
tion is suppli
ed by
t
w
o
ex
ternal
po
we
rs, whi
c
h
are i
ndep
ende
nt
and
reliabl
e po
we
r sy
stems. T
h
e po
wers
ado
pt 220
kV
voltage
cla
ss
an
d they are ho
t standby e
a
ch
other. In trac
t
i
on subs
tation, the trac
tion trans
f
or
m
e
rs use V/V
con
nectio
n
form
s (It is a m
ode
of
con
n
e
c
tion
wi
th two
singl
e-pha
se tran
sfo
r
mers li
nki
ng
three
-
ph
ase
power
syste
m
in the
way of
V, each tra
c
ti
on su
bstatio
n
can b
e
achi
eved po
we
r sup
p
ly by the two-p
h
a
s
e voltage in thre
e-
pha
se po
we
r supply syst
em. The se
conda
ry wi
ndi
ngs of the transfo
rme
r
, one end lin
ke
d to
depi
cting two
-
pha
se b
u
s o
f
the traction sub
s
tation,
a
nd the other
end linked to
the return lin
es
with a comm
on termi
nal conne
cted to
rail. At this
time, the voltage
of phase a
r
ms is
60). T
h
ere
are four
sing
le-ph
a
se traction transfo
rmers in
tract
i
on sub
s
tatio
n
, two of th
em are ru
nni
ng,
others are fixed and
set aside. T
he bu
s 1, 2 provide p
o
we
r to up an
d down line
s
by four feede
rs.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
A Reliability
Evaluation of High Sp
eed
Rail
way Tract
i
on Substation
Based on the… (Li Li
ang)
4957
3.2. Establis
h GO-F
L
O
W
Char
t for Tr
a
c
tion Subs
ta
tion
On the
b
a
si
s
of the
prin
cipl
es
of the
GO
-FLO
W m
e
tho
dology, in
co
mbination
wit
h
Fig
u
re
1 and Fig
u
re
2, at the same time, con
s
ide
r
ing t
hat electri
c
al
e
q
u
i
pments of
traction sub
s
ta
tion
have certain
life, namely consi
deri
ng th
e ch
ang
e
of
the failure
probability of compon
ents
with
time. The
GO
-FLO
W
ch
art
of tractio
n
p
o
w
er supply
sy
stem i
s
e
s
tab
lishe
d. The
G
O
-FL
O
W cha
r
t
is sh
own in Figure 3.
Becau
s
e
of
variou
s com
pone
nts of t
he sy
stem, the pa
per
ad
opts that a
n
operator
rep
r
e
s
ent
s the equivale
nt unit com
p
ri
se
d of severa
l serie
s
compo
n
ents. To
simp
lify the struct
ure
of the GO
-F
LOW
ch
art,
each op
erato
r
is
rep
r
e
s
en
ted by a co
mpoun
d nu
m
ber: Th
e nu
mber
above the h
o
rizontal line
repr
esents t
he type of operato
r
, and
the numbe
r below the li
ne
desi
gnate
s
e
a
ch o
p
e
r
ator.
The num
be
rs on the
c
o
n
nectin
g
line
s
identify the si
gnal
s. The fi
na
l
sign
al is si
gn
al No.15. Each operator in
Figure 3 is de
scribe
d detail
ed in Table 2.
Table 2. The
Operators in
GO - FL
OW
Cha
r
t
Serial Number
T
y
pe
Series Equipments
1 25
Ex
ternal Po
wer
A
Isolatin
g
Sw
itch G
1
Curre
nt Tr
ansfor
m
er LH1
SF
6
Circuit Break
er DL1
2 25
Ex
ternal Po
wer
B
Isolatin
g
Sw
itch G
2
Curre
nt Tr
ansfor
m
er LH2
SF
6
Circuit Break
er DL2
Traction T
r
ansfor
m
er T1
3 21
Curre
nt Tr
ansfor
m
er LH3
SF
6
Circuit Break
er DL3
Isolatin
g
Sw
itch G
3
Traction T
r
ansfor
m
er T2
4 21
Curre
nt Tr
ansfor
m
er LH4
SF
6
Circuit Break
er DL4
Isolatin
g
Sw
itch G
4
Traction T
r
ansfor
m
er T3
5 21
Curre
nt Tr
ansfor
m
er LH5
SF
6
Circuit Break
er DL5
Isolatin
g
Sw
itch G
5
Traction T
r
ansfor
m
er T4
6 21
Curre
nt Tr
ansfor
m
er LH6
SF
6
Circuit Break
er DL6
Isolatin
g
Sw
itch G
6
72
2
O
R
G
a
t
e
82
2
O
R
G
a
t
e
92
1
B
u
s
1
10
21
Bus 2
11 21
Isolatin
g
Sw
itch G
7
SF
6
Circuit Break
er DL7
Curre
nt Tr
ansfor
m
er LH7
12 21
Isolatin
g
Sw
itch G
8
SF
6
Circuit Break
er DL8
Curre
nt Tr
ansfor
m
er LH8
13 21
Isolatin
g
Sw
itch G
9
SF
6
Circuit Break
er DL9
Curre
nt Tr
ansfor
m
er LH9
14 21
Isolatin
g
Sw
itch G
1
0
SF
6
Circuit Break
er DL10
Curre
nt Tr
ansfor
m
er LH10
15
30
AND Gat
e
16
25
The time interval
bet
w
een t
w
o time points in succe
ssion
17/18/19/20/
21/2
3
/22/23/24/2
5
/26
35
Component f
a
ilure over time
w
o
rk
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 12, No. 7, July 201
4: 4954 – 49
62
4958
Figure 3. The
Simplified GO - FLO
W
Ch
art for Tra
c
tio
n
Powe
r Sup
p
ly System
3.3. Model Analy
s
is and
Parameters Calcula
t
ion
Tra
c
tion po
wer su
pply syst
em is a re
pairable sy
stem. Since the fail
ure of a comp
onent,
the traction
substatio
n
ma
y stop wo
rkin
g, or t
he ope
ration of other
comp
one
nts
of system wo
uld
be stop
ped.
Namely, in a repai
ra
ble sy
stem, the lo
ckout featu
r
es
need to be
co
nsid
ere
d
. Tha
t
is
to say, some
parts of e
quip
m
ents have
shutdo
wn correlation [8].
In Figu
re
3,
whe
n
the
op
erato
r
rep
r
e
s
ents
equival
e
nt unit that
is co
mpri
se
d o
f
seve
ral
seri
es parts,
the cal
c
ul
ation method of
reliability paramete
rs needs to
be improved. Assumi
ng
that the operator co
rrespo
nding to M rel
a
ted se
rie
s
p
a
rts, whi
c
h th
e numbe
r of seri
es
stru
ctu
r
e’s
shutd
o
wn st
oppa
ge I is
1. Becau
s
e
of con
s
id
e
r
in
g
downtime asso
ciation of
comp
one
n
t
s
,
tandem
stru
ct
ure failu
re
m
ode i
s
only o
ne compo
n
e
n
t fails. The
r
e are not o
ccurred that two or
more
com
p
o
nents i
n
failure at the sam
e
time. So the failure
rate
and repai
r rate ratio i
s
the
su
m
of all p
a
rts rate an
d repa
ir rate ratio [
8
]. Setting
Si
is mean
repai
ring time,
Si
is t
he me
an
repai
rin
g
rate
.
So failure rate of se
ries
e
quivalent unit
R
and mea
n
repairi
ng time
R
meet type (1),
(2):
R1
2
1
M
Si
S
S
SM
i
(
1
)
RR
1
M
Si
Si
i
(
2
)
Or
RR
1
M
Si
Si
i
among the
m
，
1
Si
Si
The outp
u
t si
gnal’
s
su
cce
s
s state
pro
b
a
b
ility value of seri
es
equival
ent unit P
R
(1) meets
ty
pe (3):
R
RR
1
(1
)
1
P
(
3
)
The output
signal failure st
ate prob
abilit
y value P
R
(2) meets ty
pe (4
):
RR
R
RR
(2
)
1
P
(
4
)
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TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
A Reliability
Evaluation of High Sp
eed
Rail
way Tract
i
on Substation
Based on the… (Li Li
ang)
4959
The reli
ability param
eters of series
connec
tion struct
ure as shown in Table 3.
Table 3. The
Tande
m Stru
cture
Relia
bili
ty Parameters of the Ope
r
ator
Oper
ator
Number
F
a
ilur
e
Rate/
(times/
y
ear
)
Repair Rate/
1
h
Normal Work of t
he
Probabilit
y
/
%
Probabilit
y
of Bre
a
kdown
Maintenance
1 1.0150
1.062827e
-1
99.89110
0.108900
2 1.1650
7.766667e
-02
99.829060
0.170940
3/4/5/6
0.2450
7.101449e
-02
99.960632
0.039368
11/12/13/14
0.2150
7.101449e
-02
99.991439
0.008651
In this exa
m
p
l
e, assumi
ng
that power A
clo
s
ed 10 ho
urs
later, po
wer
B
i
s
con
n
e
c
ted.
In
traction
sub
s
t
a
tion power
supply system
, we decla
re
five time points. Time poin
t
1 is an initia
l
time point, th
e syste
m
ha
s not sta
r
ted
any actio
n
; a
t
time point 2
,
the system
bega
n to work,
remem
b
e
r
ed
it is the actu
al time of zero momen
t. At this
time, external power
A is
c
o
nnec
ted,
two tran
sform
e
rs a
r
e runni
ng. Time poin
t
3 is 10 hour
s after time p
o
int 2; Point 4 is followed b
y
a
time point
conne
cted to
external
power B after
p
o
int 3, at th
e point, exte
rnal
power
B is
con
n
e
c
ted, the other two standby tran
sforme
rs
b
ega
n to work; Ti
me Point 5 is 10 hours after
time point
4. We
a
s
sume
that invalid
rate
of ele
c
t
r
ical
eq
uipme
n
t in tra
c
tion
su
bstatio
n
i
s
con
s
tant. Th
e op
erato
r
types,
paramet
ers an
d m
e
a
n
ing
s
of tract
i
on po
we
r
su
pply sy
stem
are
sho
w
n in Ta
b
l
e 4.
Table 4 Op
erator data of the tr
act
i
o
n
po
wer
sup
p
ly
sy
st
em
Serial numbe
r
T
y
pe
Paramete
r
Meanin
g
1 25
R(2)
=
0.9
989110
0,R(t)
=
0(
t
2)
Connected to e
x
t
e
rnal
p
ow
er
A
g
e
nerato
r
2 25
R(4)
=
0.9
982906
0,R(t)
=
0(
t
4)
Connected to e
x
t
e
rnal
p
ow
er
B
g
e
nerator
3
21
Pg=0.99960632
Equivalent series unit of T1
4 21
P
g
=0.99960632
Equivalent series unit of T2
5 21
P
g
=0.99960632
E
q
uivalent series unit of T3
6 21
P
g
=0.99960632
Equivalent series unit of T4
7 22
—
Or
gat
e
8 22
—
Or
g
at
e
9 21
P
g
=0.999893
Bus 1
10 21
P
g
=0.999683
Bus 2
11
21
Pg=0.99991439
Series equivalent sw
itch unit 7
12 21
P
g
=0.99991439
Series equivalent sw
itch unit 8
13 21
P
g
=0.99991439
Series e
q
uivalent sw
itch unit 9
14 21
P
g
=0.99991439
Series equivalent sw
itch unit 10
15 30
—
And
gate
16 25
R(3)=10
h
,R(5
)=1
0h,R(t)=0
(t
3,5)
Time interval signal generato
r
17 35
=0.001
Running e
x
ternal
po
w
e
r A eq
uivalent unit
18 35
=0.002
Running e
x
ternal
po
w
e
r A eq
uivalent unit
19 35
=0.003
Running T1 e
quivalent unit
20 35
=0.003
Running T2 e
quivalent unit
21 35
=0.003
Running T3 e
quivalent unit
22 35
=0.003
Running T4 e
quivalent unit
23 35
=0.001
Running 7 series
equivalent sw
itch unit
24 35
=0.001
Running 8 series
equivalent sw
itch unit
25 35
=0.001
Running 9 series
equivalent sw
itch unit
26 35
=0.001
Running 10 serie
s
equivalent sw
itch unit
Note: T1, T2, T3, T4 means
tra
c
tion tran
sform
e
r
symb
ols,
Pg means normal probability in
workin
g of eq
uivalent units.
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ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 12, No. 7, July 201
4: 4954 – 49
62
4960
4. Reliabilit
y
Analy
s
is of Traction S
ubstation Based on the
GO
- FLOW Methodolog
y
4.1. Quantitativ
e
Calculation of
Substation Reliabilit
y
E
v
aluation
Operation pro
c
e
ss of GO
-F
LOW meth
od
ology
start
s
from the signal
generator (o
perato
r
1 and
ope
rat
o
r 2 in
figure
3), alon
g wit
h
the si
gnal l
i
ne sequ
en
ce
. Acco
rdin
g to the op
erati
on
rule
s
[8], we cal
c
ulate
the output sign
al one by
on
e f
o
r
ope
rato
r
which
is on
all
time poi
nts
u
n
til
the final
sig
n
a
l. Setting
R(t) is the
stren
g
th of the
o
u
tput si
gnal
at t
i
me t, S(t) is
given p
r
io
rity to
the main inp
u
t
signal at tim
e
t, P(t) is the
input si
g
nal
of the intensit
y at time t. Th
e ope
rators 2
1
,
22, 30, 35 are use
d
in the paper. Th
eir algorithm
s
a
r
e sh
own in formul
a (5
) to formula (8
). In
repai
ra
ble sy
stem reli
ability analysis, trouble
-
fre
e
worki
ng time and re
pairi
ng
time of each
comp
one
nt o
f
system
a
r
e
both o
bey
expone
ntial di
st
ribution.
Nam
ed failu
re
rat
e
an
d
rep
a
ir
rate
, they are constant. Rel
i
ability characteristic
s of sy
stem shown as
form
ulas (9)~(14).
Operator al
go
rithm of type 21:
g
()
()
Rt
S
t
P
(
5
)
Operator alg
o
rithm
of typ
e
22:
Supp
o
s
in
g
you
ha
d M i
nput
si
gnal
s a
nd th
ey we
re
indep
ende
nt from ea
ch oth
e
r.
1
()
1
[
1
(
)
]
M
j
j
Rt
S
t
(
6
)
Operator
alg
o
rithm of typ
e
30: Supp
o
s
ing
yo
u ha
d
M input
sig
nals, a
nd th
ey were
indep
ende
nt from ea
ch oth
e
r.
j
1
()
(
)
M
j
Rt
S
t
(
7
)
Operator alg
o
rithm of type 35: Input signal S(
k
t
) before the time t affects the output
s
i
gnal intens
ity R(t).
(
)
(
)
exp{
(
)
m
i
n
[
1.0
,
(
)
(
)
]}
ik
k
ik
t
R
tS
t
P
t
S
t
S
t
(
8
)
Among them,
represents
failure possibility over
time work. As t
he elem
ent i
n
the
failure probability per unit ti
me, named the failure rate.
The average
trouble
-
fre
e
worki
ng ho
urs
：
MTBF=
1
(
9
)
Average repa
iring time:
MTTR=
1
(
1
0
)
The average l
i
fe cycle
：
M
C
T
=
M
T
B
F
+
M
T
T
R
(
1
1
)
The average
prob
ability of work
：
MT
B
F
MCT
A
(
1
2
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
A Reliability
Evaluation of High Sp
eed
Rail
way Tract
i
on Substation
Based on the… (Li Li
ang)
4961
The average
prob
ability of shutd
o
wn
：
_
M
TTR
MC
T
A
(
1
3
)
The failure rate
：
_
1
MC
T
fA
A
(
1
4
)
Formul
as (5)-(14)
are used to
cal
c
ulate
the stat
e
probability a
nd the
probability of
stren
g
th of th
e sig
nal flo
w
15 (output
signal) at
all ti
me poi
nts q
u
antitat
ively. The qu
antitative
asse
ssm
ent of
the relia
bili
ty
of
the tract
i
on
sub
s
tatio
n
could
b
e
completed.
He
re, d
u
ing
to t
h
e
limitation of space, we
do
n’t make it a
tautol
ogy. Th
e cal
c
ul
ation
results
of tra
c
tion
sub
s
tati
on
reliability parameters are sho
w
n a
s
Ta
ble 5, the cal
c
ulatio
n re
su
l
t
s of signal
strength a
r
e
sh
own
as Tabl
e 6.
Table
6 sho
w
s that time p
o
i
nt 1 as the in
itia
l time, the system
doe
s
not take
any
action,
so the si
gnal
flow inten
s
ity is ze
ro; the si
gnal flow
st
re
ngth of syste
m
sha
r
ply de
cline
s
in the time
point 2 to poi
nt 3, the in
crease of failure probability
of system
in
point 2 to
poi
nt 3 i
s
faster
than
time point 4 to point 5.That is beca
u
se the
system
launch
e
s a
n
o
ther sta
ndb
y power
sup
p
ly
bran
ch
of the external
p
o
we
r supply
B. The sy
st
em be
com
e
s into a internal sy
stem t
hat
contai
ning p
a
rallel re
dun
dant
seri
es-parall
e
l
re
lat
i
onship
s
fro
m
a si
ngle
se
rie
s
pa
rallel
relation
shi
p
. Signal flow
strength of th
e system
re
d
u
ce
s
signifi
cantly. It is co
nsi
s
tent with
the
actual situatio
n.
Table 5. Cal
c
ulation Reliability Parame
ters Results
of Traction
Substation
Reliability
Param
e
ters
Signal 15
Average
prob
ability
of w
o
rk
/
%
99.959376
Average prob
ability
of shutdo
w
n
/
%
0.040624
Average numbe
r
of failure (f/ a-
1)
1.263000
Failure Rate
1.263771
Repair Rate
0.354984
Average Working
Time/h
6391.6356
Average Repairi
ng Time /h
2.817
Average life cy
cl
e /h
6934.453
Table 6. Cal
c
ulation Results of Signal St
rength in Su
b
s
tation Power Supply System
Time
Point
1
2 3 4 5
Actual
Time/h Initial 0
10
10
20
Strength of th
e signal 15
0.0
0.99279191
0.99089162
0.99043702
0.98992608
4.2. Reliability
Qualitativ
e
Assessment of
Substati
on
The prin
cipl
e
s
of GO-FL
O
W
are u
s
ed i
n
the
process of qualitative calcul
ation. Becau
s
e
of the p
r
oba
b
ility of input operator
s a
n
d
functio
n
o
p
e
rato
rs
are zero,
we tho
u
ght that they
are
not existed
a
nd not i
n
cl
ud
ed in th
e stat
e of the
co
rre
spo
ndin
g
op
e
r
ator
num
bers. So they
wo
uld
not pa
rticipat
e in op
eratio
ns of
state
combinat
io
n, there
b
y the n
u
mbe
r
s
of st
ate co
mbinati
ons
are
re
du
ced.
Thus the
op
e
r
ational
p
r
o
c
e
s
s woul
d
be
simplified.
Th
ere
are m
u
ltiple
comp
one
nts
in seri
es e
q
u
i
valent units
of the syste
m
. T
heir min
i
mum cut
s
a
r
e gen
erated
by qualitatively
analyzi
ng of equivalent un
its. Duing
to the re
straint of
the paper, o
n
ly
six of the
m
are given. First
cut
set of
sy
stem
as sho
w
n i
n
Ta
ble
7. The
corre
s
po
ndin
g
op
erato
r
of th
e
symbol
ha
s
been
listed in the G
O
–FL
O
W
cha
r
t.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 12, No. 7, July 201
4: 4954 – 49
62
4962
Table 7. Qual
itative Assessment in First Cut Set
Serial Number
Cut set orde
r nu
mber
Inside the cut set operato
r
s
y
mbol
s
1 1
G(Bus
1)
2 1
H(Bus
2)
3 1
I(Isolating Sw
itch
G7, SF
6
Circuit Breaker DL
7, Cur
r
ent
Transform
er LH
7
)
4 1
J(Isolating Sw
itch G8, S
F
6
Circuit
Breaker DL8
,
Cu
rrent
Transform
er LH
8
)
5 1
K(Isolating Sw
itc
h
G9, S
F
6
Circuit
Breaker DL9
,
Cu
rrent
Transform
er LH
9
)
6 1
L(Isolating S
w
itch G10, SF
6
Circ
uit Breaker DL10
, Curre
nt
Transform
er LH
1
0
)
5. Conclusio
n
In the paper,
GO-F
L
O
W
m
e
thodol
ogy is applied to th
e reliability a
nalysi
s
and rese
arch
of high spee
d rail
way tra
c
tion
sub
s
tati
on. It enrich
e
s the m
e
th
ods
of tracti
on po
we
r su
pply
system
relia
bi
lity studying a
nd br
oad
en
s the re
se
arch t
r
ain of th
o
ugh
t. The main
concl
u
si
on
s are
as follo
wing
several a
s
pe
ct
s:
(1) Con
s
ide
r
i
ng the
dyna
mic
ch
ara
c
te
ristic,
the fail
ure
rate
an
d
do
wntime
re
lation of
many ele
c
trical equip
m
ent
s and ta
kin
g
uninterru
ptib
le power
sup
p
ly of tractio
n
as a
goal,
the
simplified
GO
-FLO
W
ch
art
is e
s
tabli
s
he
d
.
Quantitat
ive
cal
c
ulatio
n o
f
the relia
bility of the sy
ste
m
has b
een fini
she
d
. The si
g
nal flow pa
ra
meters, t
he strength of the
output sig
nal
flow at vario
u
s
time points a
nd the syste
m
of minimum cut se
ts h
a
v
e been achi
eved. The evaluation go
al
s are
clea
r and fo
cuse
d;
(2) T
he failure process of
parts i
n
worki
ng
is
simul
a
ted. The probability of the norm
a
l
operating sy
stem in the whole ope
ratio
n
pro
c
e
ss h
a
s
bee
n cal
c
u
l
ated. With the increa
se
of
system
compl
e
xity, working
proba
bility is drop
ped.
It is con
s
i
s
tent wit
h
the actual
situation.
(3) Qu
antitatively and q
ual
itatively evaluating fo
r the
reliability of th
e tra
c
tion
su
b
s
tation
had
bee
n a
c
hieved. Q
uan
titatively reliability cal
c
ulat
i
on
of syste
m
in
a given wo
rkin
g con
d
itio
ns
had bee
n co
mpleted. Thu
s
, the wea
k
n
e
sse
s
of
system had bee
n
found out. It
woul
d provid
e an
optimal de
sig
n
scheme of t
he tractio
n
su
bstation.
Ackn
o
w
l
e
dg
ement
This research is su
ppo
rte
d
by rese
arch
and devel
o
p
ment of sci
ence and te
chnolo
g
y
plan proje
c
t of China Railway Corp
oratio
n (201
3 j
010
- E). Any opinion
s or findi
ngs of this
work
are the responsibility of the author
s, and do not necessarily reflect
the views
of the sponsors or
colla
borators.
Referen
ces
[1]
He Hu
a
w
u. R
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