I
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3
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er
20
24
,
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p
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2
74
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I
SS
N:
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4
7
52
,
DOI
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1
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5
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cs
.v
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6
.
i
1
.
pp
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74
-
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1
274
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o
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se
a
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so
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v
e
lo
p
m
e
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t
m
e
th
o
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o
lo
g
y
.
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ta
n
d
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rd
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d
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e
sig
n
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g
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ra
ti
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th
e
p
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d
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t
with
in
ti
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e
a
n
d
b
u
d
g
e
t.
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is
m
a
y
re
su
lt
i
n
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lac
k
o
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h
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q
u
a
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y
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o
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o
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e
n
ts
a
re
n
o
t
c
o
n
stru
c
ti
v
e
ly
re
u
se
d
.
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h
e
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
a
re
i
d
e
n
ti
fie
d
a
t
a
late
r
st
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g
e
in
t
h
e
m
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rit
y
o
f
c
o
m
p
o
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e
n
t
a
p
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a
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h
e
s.
To
a
d
d
re
ss
su
c
h
c
h
a
l
len
g
e
s,
a
m
e
th
o
d
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
e
x
trac
ti
n
g
d
e
m
a
n
d
-
b
a
se
d
d
o
m
a
in
-
sp
e
c
ifi
c
so
ftwa
re
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
fr
o
m
th
e
re
p
o
sit
o
r
y
wa
s
d
e
v
e
lo
p
e
d
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
c
e
ss
fo
r
re
u
si
n
g
c
u
rre
n
t
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
is
d
e
sc
rib
e
d
in
d
e
p
t
h
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s
d
o
m
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e
n
ts,
a
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e
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g
e
ste
d
f
ra
m
e
wo
rk
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fo
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e
x
trac
ti
n
g
d
e
m
a
n
d
-
b
a
se
d
re
u
sa
b
le d
o
m
a
in
-
s
p
e
c
ifi
c
so
ftwa
re
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
Dem
an
d
b
ased
e
x
tr
ac
tio
n
Do
m
ain
s
p
ec
if
ic
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
Featu
r
e
p
o
in
ts
R
eu
s
ab
ilit
y
m
atr
ix
Ver
s
io
n
in
g
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
N
Md
J
u
b
air
B
ash
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Dep
ar
tm
en
t o
f
C
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m
p
u
ter
Scie
n
ce
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d
E
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g
in
ee
r
in
g
,
B
h
ar
at
h
id
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Un
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er
s
ity
T
ir
u
ch
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ap
p
alli,
T
am
il Na
d
u
,
I
n
d
ia
E
m
ail: ju
b
air
b
ash
a
@
g
m
ail.
co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
Utilis
in
g
p
r
e
-
ex
is
tin
g
s
o
f
twar
e
ass
ets
to
d
ev
elo
p
o
r
ch
an
g
e
s
o
f
twar
e
s
y
s
tem
s
is
k
n
o
wn
a
s
s
o
f
twar
e
r
eu
s
e
[
1
]
.
T
h
e
s
o
f
twar
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
ity
h
as
g
iv
en
th
e
i
d
ea
o
f
s
o
f
twar
e
r
eu
s
e
a
lo
t
o
f
atten
tio
n
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
its
alleg
ed
b
en
e
f
its
,
wh
ich
in
clu
d
es
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
p
r
o
d
u
ct
q
u
ality
,
lo
wer
co
s
ts
an
d
s
ch
ed
u
les.
T
h
e
g
o
al
is
to
cr
ea
te
an
d
m
ain
tain
a
lib
r
a
r
y
o
f
in
te
r
ch
an
g
ea
b
le
p
ar
ts
th
at
f
o
r
m
t
h
e
b
asis
f
o
r
n
ew
p
r
o
d
u
cts
in
a
ce
r
tain
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
ar
ea
.
T
h
e
em
p
lo
y
m
en
t
o
f
r
e
u
s
ab
le
p
ar
ts
is
g
r
ad
u
ally
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ep
lacin
g
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
p
r
o
p
r
ieta
r
y
an
d
m
o
n
o
lith
ic
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
[
2
]
.
T
h
e
n
ec
ess
ity
to
r
ed
u
ce
life
c
y
cle
co
s
ts
,
en
h
an
ce
s
o
f
twar
e
q
u
ality
,
a
n
d
m
ax
im
ize
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
n
ee
d
ed
f
o
r
s
y
s
tem
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
an
d
test
in
g
is
th
e
d
r
iv
in
g
f
o
r
ce
b
eh
in
d
th
is
s
h
if
t.
Mo
r
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
ity
,
q
u
ality
,
an
d
d
ep
en
d
ab
ilit
y
ca
n
b
e
ac
h
iev
ed
with
an
ef
f
icien
t
s
o
f
twar
e
r
eu
s
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
w
h
ich
also
s
h
o
r
ten
s
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
tim
es
an
d
c
o
s
ts
.
Star
tin
g
a
s
o
f
twar
e
r
eu
s
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
r
eq
u
ir
es
an
u
p
f
r
o
n
t
co
s
t,
b
u
t
af
ter
a
ce
r
tain
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
eu
s
es,
it
b
ec
o
m
es
co
s
t
-
ef
f
ec
tiv
e.
T
o
s
u
m
m
a
r
ize,
cr
ea
tin
g
a
r
eu
s
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
an
d
r
ep
o
s
ito
r
y
r
esu
lts
in
th
e
cr
ea
tio
n
o
f
a
k
n
o
wled
g
e
b
ase
th
at
b
ec
o
m
es
b
etter
with
ea
ch
r
e
u
s
e.
T
h
is
less
en
s
th
e
r
i
s
k
ass
o
ciate
d
with
n
ew
in
itiativ
es
th
at
r
ely
o
n
r
ep
o
s
ito
r
y
k
n
o
wled
g
e
b
y
r
ed
u
cin
g
th
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t
wo
r
k
t
h
at
will
ev
en
tu
ally
b
e
n
ee
d
e
d
f
o
r
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t p
r
o
jects.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
d
o
m
ai
n
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
h
as
a
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
n
o
t
ewo
r
th
y
a
d
v
an
ta
g
es.
T
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
r
eu
s
e
r
ed
u
ce
s
co
s
t
s
an
d
s
ch
ed
u
les
b
y
d
o
in
g
awa
y
with
th
e
n
ee
d
to
cr
ea
te
th
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
f
r
o
m
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
u
p
.
I
t
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
f
o
r
th
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
to
b
e
m
o
d
if
i
ed
if
it
is
s
ee
n
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
.
T
h
e
wo
r
d
"r
ed
u
ce
d
"
d
escr
ib
es
a
s
itu
atio
n
o
r
s
tate
i
n
wh
ich
s
o
m
eth
in
g
is
less
en
ed
o
r
wh
en
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
ar
e
d
ev
o
ted
p
r
im
a
r
ily
-
m
o
r
e
th
an
6
0
%
to
test
in
g
o
p
er
atio
n
s
in
s
o
f
twar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t.
T
h
e
test
in
g
ef
f
o
r
t
is
r
ed
u
ce
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
d
o
m
ain
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
A
fr
a
mewo
r
k
fo
r
r
eu
s
a
b
le
d
o
ma
in
s
p
ec
ific so
ftw
a
r
e
co
mp
o
n
en
t
…
(
N
Md
Ju
b
a
ir
B
a
s
h
a
)
275
T
h
e
s
ec
tio
n
th
at
f
o
llo
ws
is
th
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
th
is
wo
r
k
.
Sectio
n
1
c
o
n
tain
s
th
e
p
ap
e
r
'
s
in
tr
o
d
u
ctio
n
.
I
n
s
ec
tio
n
2
,
th
e
p
er
tin
en
t
liter
atu
r
e
is
o
u
tlin
ed
an
d
th
e
in
clu
s
io
n
o
f
s
o
f
twar
e
r
e
u
s
e
is
clar
if
i
ed
.
I
n
c
o
n
tr
ast,
th
e
d
o
m
ain
en
g
in
ee
r
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
s
u
m
m
ar
is
ed
in
s
ec
tio
n
3
.
S
ec
tio
n
4
d
is
cu
s
s
es
th
e
v
ar
i
o
u
s
d
o
m
ain
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
.
Sectio
n
5
lo
o
k
s
at
th
e
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
f
o
r
ex
tr
ac
tin
g
d
o
m
ain
-
s
p
ec
i
f
ic,
d
em
an
d
-
b
ased
s
o
f
twar
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
T
h
is
p
a
p
er
is
clea
r
ly
co
n
cl
u
d
ed
i
n
s
ec
tio
n
6
.
2.
RE
L
AT
E
D
WO
RK
So
f
twar
e
r
eu
s
e
is
th
e
ac
t
o
f
cr
ea
tin
g
n
ew
s
o
f
twar
e
s
o
l
u
ti
o
n
s
b
y
u
tili
s
in
g
p
r
e
-
e
x
is
tin
g
s
o
f
twar
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
o
r
b
y
lev
er
a
g
in
g
s
o
f
twar
e
k
n
o
wled
g
e.
T
h
e
two
m
ain
ty
p
es
o
f
r
eu
s
ab
le
ass
ets
ar
e
s
o
f
twar
e
k
n
o
wled
g
e
an
d
s
o
f
twar
e
th
at
ca
n
b
e
r
e
u
s
ed
.
T
h
e
lik
elih
o
o
d
th
at
a
s
o
f
twar
e
ass
et
will
b
e
u
s
ed
ag
ain
is
k
n
o
wn
as
r
eu
s
ab
i
lity
[
3
]
.
So
f
twar
e
r
e
u
s
e
is
th
e
p
r
ac
tice
o
f
r
ep
ea
ted
ly
em
p
lo
y
in
g
p
r
e
-
ex
is
tin
g
s
o
f
twar
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
,
s
o
m
etim
es
k
n
o
wn
as
"d
esig
n
ed
s
o
f
twar
e
f
o
r
r
e
u
s
e,
"
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
[
4
]
.
R
eu
s
in
g
s
o
f
twar
e
h
elp
s
co
m
p
a
n
ies
in
a
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
way
s
,
s
u
ch
as
wh
e
n
it
c
o
m
es
to
m
an
a
g
in
g
th
e
c
o
m
p
lex
ity
o
f
s
o
f
twar
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
p
r
o
d
u
cin
g
b
ett
er
p
r
o
d
u
cts,
an
d
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
ef
f
icien
c
y
.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
d
esig
n
r
eu
s
e
p
r
ac
tices
h
as
in
cr
ea
s
ed
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
in
th
e
m
o
d
er
n
er
a
,
esp
ec
ially
wh
en
it
co
m
es
to
o
b
ject
-
o
r
ien
ted
class
lib
r
ar
ies,
ap
p
licatio
n
f
r
am
ew
o
r
k
s
,
d
esig
n
p
atter
n
s
,
an
d
r
elate
d
s
o
u
r
ce
co
d
e
[
5
]
.
T
h
e
k
ey
s
tr
ateg
y
f
o
r
ac
co
m
p
lis
h
in
g
s
o
f
twar
e
p
r
o
d
u
ct
lin
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
is
s
till
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
co
n
tain
m
en
t
[
6
]
.
T
o
m
ak
e
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
r
etr
iev
in
g
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
ea
s
ier
,
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
d
at
a
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
co
llected
,
s
to
r
ed
,
an
d
ex
am
in
e
d
.
Ma
u
r
izio
h
as
cr
ea
ted
a
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
cr
ea
tin
g
a
s
o
f
twar
e
ca
talo
g
u
e
au
to
m
atica
lly
th
at
in
co
r
p
o
r
ates
to
o
ls
f
o
r
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
etr
iev
al
an
d
p
r
es
er
v
atio
n
[
7
]
.
T
h
e
r
e
ar
e
two
p
r
im
ar
y
ca
teg
o
r
ies
o
f
s
o
f
twar
e
r
eu
s
e:
p
r
o
ce
s
s
an
d
p
r
o
d
u
ct
r
eu
s
e.
Pro
d
u
ct
r
e
u
s
e
r
ef
er
s
to
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
r
eu
s
in
g
a
s
o
f
twar
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
b
y
ass
em
b
lin
g
an
d
in
teg
r
atin
g
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
to
cr
ea
te
a
n
ew
co
m
p
o
n
en
t.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
r
eu
s
in
g
o
u
td
ated
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
th
at
ar
e
ac
q
u
ir
ed
f
r
o
m
a
r
ep
o
s
ito
r
y
is
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
as
p
r
o
ce
s
s
r
eu
s
e.
T
h
ese
p
ar
ts
m
ay
b
e
u
s
ed
ag
ai
n
,
eith
er
ex
ac
tly
as
th
ey
ar
e
n
o
w
o
r
with
m
in
o
r
ad
ju
s
tm
en
ts
.
Ver
s
io
n
in
g
th
e
s
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
ca
n
lead
to
t
h
e
ar
ch
iv
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
if
ied
s
o
f
twar
e
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
t
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
p
ar
ticu
lar
d
o
m
ain
n
ee
d
s
,
th
ese
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
c
an
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
tly
b
e
ca
teg
o
r
is
ed
an
d
ch
o
s
en
[
8
]
.
I
f
m
u
ltip
le
p
r
o
d
u
cts u
s
e
th
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t r
ep
o
s
ito
r
y
,
th
at
is
g
o
o
d
.
T
h
is
im
p
lies
th
at
s
ev
er
al
jo
b
s
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
h
an
d
led
s
im
u
ltan
e
o
u
s
ly
b
y
th
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
t sy
s
tem
.
Pu
r
ch
a
s
in
g
p
ar
ts
th
at
ar
e
n
ec
ess
ar
y
f
o
r
th
e
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
a
p
r
er
eq
u
is
ite
f
o
r
i
n
itiatin
g
n
ew
in
itiativ
es.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ject
id
ea
s
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
r
e
v
ie
wed
b
y
a
c
o
m
m
ittee
co
n
s
is
tin
g
o
f
s
ea
s
o
n
ed
d
esig
n
er
s
an
d
a
d
e
p
ar
tm
en
t
r
ep
r
esen
tativ
e
f
r
o
m
th
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
d
e
p
ar
tm
en
t;
th
is
will
f
o
r
m
a
c
o
m
m
ittee
f
o
r
s
o
f
tw
ar
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
I
t
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
e
v
alu
ate
th
e
n
ec
ess
ity
o
f
d
e
v
elo
p
in
g
th
e
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
ed
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
O
n
th
e
d
a
y
th
at
th
e
d
ec
is
io
n
to
p
r
o
ce
ed
with
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
is
m
ad
e,
th
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
p
h
ase
s
tar
ts
.
W
h
en
th
e
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
t
is
p
r
e
p
ar
ed
,
it
is
ch
a
n
g
ed
to
th
e
v
er
s
io
n
s
tate
d
ep
icted
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
an
d
ad
d
e
d
to
th
e
r
ep
o
s
ito
r
y
.
An
aly
s
in
g
th
e
s
o
f
twar
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
g
r
o
u
p
'
s
wo
r
th
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
d
o
n
e
wh
e
n
th
e
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
t
is
in
u
s
e.
W
h
ich
p
o
r
tio
n
is
u
tili
s
ed
th
e
m
o
s
t
f
r
eq
u
en
tly
?
W
h
ich
p
r
o
d
u
cts
s
ee
ab
s
o
lu
tely
n
o
u
s
e
at
all?
T
o
wh
at
e
x
ten
t
d
o
th
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
p
r
o
v
id
e
b
en
e
f
its
?
T
h
is
wo
r
k
co
n
tr
i
b
u
tes
to
th
e
ad
v
an
ce
m
e
n
t o
f
th
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
t sy
s
tem
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
C
o
m
p
o
n
en
t
m
an
ag
e
m
en
t o
r
g
a
n
is
atio
n
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
'
s
co
llectio
n
o
f
in
ter
f
ac
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
h
as
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
th
at
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
t
in
ter
f
ac
es
ca
n
p
r
o
v
id
e
m
o
r
e
ac
cu
r
ate
an
d
r
elev
an
t
d
ata
f
o
r
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
r
eu
s
ab
ilit
y
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
.
Me
tr
ics
ar
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
m
o
r
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
at
d
eliv
er
in
g
a
lo
t
o
f
v
al
u
ab
le
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
i
n
ter
f
ac
es
th
an
n
o
n
-
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
In
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
6
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
20
24
:
2
7
4
-
2
81
276
au
to
m
atab
le
tech
n
iq
u
es.
T
h
es
e
m
etr
ics
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
d
ee
p
er
in
s
ig
h
t
in
to
th
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
ass
o
ciate
d
with
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
in
ter
f
ac
es.
C
o
m
p
letin
g
a
r
eu
s
ab
ilit
y
r
esear
ch
o
n
th
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
th
at
wer
e
ass
ess
ed
was
th
e
task
f
o
r
th
e
m
etr
ics
lectu
r
e,
w
h
ich
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
in
-
d
ep
th
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
t
h
ese
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
T
h
e
ap
p
lic
atio
n
o
f
r
e
u
s
ab
ilit
y
an
aly
s
is
to
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
is
th
e
m
ain
em
p
h
asis
o
f
th
is
in
v
esti
g
atio
n
,
as
m
etr
ics
p
r
ac
titi
o
n
er
s
s
till
f
in
d
it
d
if
f
ic
u
lt
to
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
.
T
h
er
e
is
n
o
th
in
g
in
th
e
u
s
er
'
s
tex
t
th
at
h
as
to
b
e
r
ed
o
n
e
[
9
]
.
Al
Om
ar
a
et
a
l.
[
1
0
]
v
ia
e
x
am
in
in
g
Stack
Ov
er
f
lo
w,
r
ev
ea
led
in
s
ig
h
ts
ab
o
u
t
h
o
w
en
g
i
n
ee
r
s
d
is
cu
s
s
s
o
f
twar
e
r
eu
s
e.
C
o
m
p
o
n
en
t
id
en
tific
atio
n
h
as
b
ee
n
d
ef
in
ed
as
a
n
NP
-
C
o
m
p
l
ete
jo
b
b
y
C
a
i
et
a
l.
[
1
1
]
.
Nu
m
er
o
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
tl
y
ex
am
i
n
ed
a
m
at
r
ix
s
tu
d
y
,
m
o
s
tly
d
ep
en
d
in
g
o
n
g
r
ap
h
-
b
ased
m
eth
o
d
s
[
1
2
]
,
clu
s
t
er
in
g
an
al
y
s
es
[
1
3
]
-
[
15
]
,
ev
o
l
u
tio
n
ar
y
tech
n
iq
u
es
[
1
6
]
-
[
1
8
]
f
o
r
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
id
en
tific
atio
n
,
an
d
[
1
9
]
,
[
20
]
f
o
r
s
o
f
twar
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
ev
alu
atio
n
th
at
o
n
ly
tak
es
co
u
p
lin
g
an
d
c
o
h
esiv
e
ch
a
r
ac
ter
is
tics
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t.
Ar
ch
itectu
r
e
is
s
h
o
wn
f
r
o
m
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
e
e
x
ec
u
tio
n
in
[
2
1
]
-
[
23
]
b
y
d
ef
i
n
in
g
a
s
et
o
f
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
;
h
o
wev
er
,
th
e
in
te
r
ac
tio
n
s
b
et
wee
n
class
es
ar
e
n
o
t
m
e
n
tio
n
e
d
.
I
n
a
n
ef
f
o
r
t
t
o
co
m
p
ile
th
e
k
ey
r
eu
s
ab
ilit
y
f
ac
to
r
s
f
o
r
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
-
b
ased
s
y
s
tem
s
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
a
m
o
d
er
n
s
o
f
twar
e
s
y
s
tem
,
Ag
g
ar
wal
an
d
Ku
m
ar
[
2
4
]
wer
e
u
n
ab
le
to
id
en
tify
t
h
e
s
o
f
twar
e
th
at
was
ess
en
tially
r
eu
s
ab
le.
Fo
llo
win
g
a
ca
r
e
f
u
l
an
al
y
s
is
o
f
th
e
liter
atu
r
e,
it
was
d
is
co
v
er
ed
th
at
ce
r
tain
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
to
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
d
esig
n
d
id
n
o
t
u
s
e
a
p
r
ep
lan
n
e
d
f
o
r
m
,
wh
ile
o
th
er
tech
n
iq
u
es
u
s
ed
a
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
i
n
g
p
lan
o
f
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
ty
p
es
to
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
a
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t.
T
h
is
r
ep
r
esen
ts
a
s
tu
d
y
g
a
p
in
th
e
ea
r
lier
s
tu
d
ies.
A
s
s
tated
i
n
[
2
5
]
,
[
26
]
wh
e
n
ass
ess
in
g
an
d
ev
alu
atin
g
th
e
r
eu
s
ab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
,
th
e
in
te
r
ac
tio
n
a
n
d
in
v
o
ca
tio
n
o
f
th
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
a
r
e
n
o
t
t
ak
en
in
t
o
ac
co
u
n
t.
Pre
s
en
tin
g
a
s
tr
ateg
y
to
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
id
en
tific
atio
n
th
at
co
n
s
id
er
s
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
in
ter
ac
tio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
t
r
eu
s
ab
ilit
y
an
aly
s
is
an
d
ass
ess
m
en
t is u
r
g
en
tly
n
ee
d
e
d
to
b
r
id
g
e
th
is
r
esear
ch
g
ap
.
3.
O
VE
RVI
E
W
O
F
DO
M
AIN
E
NG
I
N
E
E
RING
Do
m
ain
e
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
(
DE
)
is
a
cr
u
cial
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
th
at
g
en
e
r
ates
an
d
e
f
f
icien
tly
m
an
ag
es
r
eu
s
ab
le
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
to
g
u
ar
an
tee
t
h
at
t
h
e
ar
ch
itectu
r
al
d
esig
n
s
u
f
f
ic
ien
tly
s
atis
f
ies
th
e
p
ar
ticu
lar
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
o
f
th
e
ass
ig
n
ed
d
o
m
ai
n
[
27
]
.
A
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
with
co
m
p
ar
ab
le
s
o
f
twar
e
n
ee
d
s
is
r
ef
er
r
ed
t
o
as
a
"d
o
m
ain
"
wh
en
it
co
m
es
to
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
ar
ea
s
th
e
y
c
o
v
e
r
[
28
]
.
T
h
e
DE
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
is
d
ep
icted
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Do
m
ain
an
aly
s
is
,
d
o
m
ain
d
e
s
ig
n
,
an
d
d
o
m
ain
im
p
le
m
en
t
atio
n
ar
e
t
h
e
th
r
ee
k
e
y
s
to
n
e
s
o
f
DE
.
D
o
m
ain
an
aly
s
is
is
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
u
s
in
g
th
e
DARE
-
C
OT
S
to
o
l
[
2
9
]
.
Fo
r
a
co
llectio
n
o
f
s
y
s
tem
s
t
o
h
av
e
th
e
g
en
er
i
c
v
ar
iab
le
attr
ib
u
tes,
th
er
e
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
a
r
ele
v
an
t d
o
m
ain
in
th
e
p
r
e
-
p
h
ase.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Do
m
ain
en
g
in
ee
r
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
4.
DO
M
AIN
SPEC
I
F
I
C
CO
M
P
O
NE
NT
F
RA
M
E
WO
RK
S
T
h
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
d
o
m
ain
s
p
ec
if
ic
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
f
r
am
ew
o
r
k
s
(
DC
SF
)
is
b
ec
o
m
in
g
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
ly
n
ec
ess
ar
y
in
lig
h
t
o
f
th
e
n
o
tab
le
ad
v
an
ce
m
en
ts
in
s
o
f
twar
e
s
y
s
tem
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
ac
r
o
s
s
m
u
ltip
le
d
is
cip
lin
es.
Ag
ile
p
r
in
cip
les
ar
e
in
clu
d
ed
in
to
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es
o
f
s
ev
er
al
s
o
f
twar
e
d
ev
e
lo
p
m
en
t
s
tr
ateg
ies.
Patter
n
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
h
as
s
h
o
wn
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
d
o
m
ai
n
s
p
ec
if
ic
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
f
r
am
e
wo
r
k
s
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
t
o
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
A
fr
a
mewo
r
k
fo
r
r
eu
s
a
b
le
d
o
ma
in
s
p
ec
ific so
ftw
a
r
e
co
mp
o
n
en
t
…
(
N
Md
Ju
b
a
ir
B
a
s
h
a
)
277
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
th
o
r
o
u
g
h
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
,
L
o
ir
et
et
a
l.
[
3
0
]
c
o
n
d
u
ct
ed
a
p
atter
n
an
aly
s
is
an
d
p
r
e
s
en
ted
th
e
id
ea
o
f
d
o
m
ain
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
in
th
eir
s
tu
d
y
.
B
y
lo
o
k
in
g
at
th
e
d
o
m
ain
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
s
er
v
ices,
th
is
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
u
n
if
o
r
m
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
d
ef
i
n
in
g
t
h
e
s
em
an
tics
o
f
d
o
m
ain
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
5.
A
DE
M
AND
-
B
AS
E
D
E
X
T
RAC
T
I
O
N
M
E
T
H
O
DO
L
O
G
Y
F
O
R
RE
USA
B
L
E
DO
M
AI
N
-
SPECI
F
I
C
SO
F
T
WAR
E
C
O
M
P
O
NE
N
T
S
B
ec
au
s
e
o
f
th
e
b
en
ef
its
o
f
r
e
u
s
e
-
d
r
iv
en
tech
n
iq
u
es,
s
o
f
twa
r
e
s
y
s
tem
s
ar
e
n
o
t
cr
ea
ted
f
r
o
m
s
cr
atch
.
T
h
e
r
eu
s
e
-
d
r
iv
en
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
h
elp
s
to
r
ed
u
ce
test
in
g
c
o
s
ts
to
s
o
m
e
lev
el
wh
ile
also
all
o
win
g
f
o
r
p
r
o
d
u
ct
d
eliv
er
y
o
n
s
ch
ed
u
le
an
d
u
n
d
e
r
b
u
d
g
et.
T
h
e
o
r
g
an
is
atio
n
c
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tly
b
ec
o
m
es
i
n
cr
ea
s
in
g
ly
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e.
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
r
e
u
s
in
g
th
e
p
ar
ts
is
as f
o
llo
ws:
-
Step
1
:
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
s
(
in
cr
em
en
ts
)
.
-
Step
2
:
s
ea
r
ch
th
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
r
ep
o
s
ito
r
y
-
Step
3
:
t
he
tr
ad
e
-
o
f
f
b
en
ef
its
m
ay
b
e
e
v
alu
ated
at
th
e
c
o
n
c
l
u
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
r
eu
s
e
-
d
r
iv
en
c
y
cl
e,
wh
ich
n
o
t
o
n
ly
s
av
es m
o
n
ey
an
d
tim
e
b
u
t a
ls
o
y
ield
s
a
h
ig
h
-
q
u
ality
o
u
tp
u
t.
R
eu
s
in
g
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
th
at
h
a
v
e
co
m
p
ar
a
b
le
f
u
n
ctio
n
ality
ca
n
h
elp
p
r
o
d
u
ce
h
ig
h
-
q
u
ality
p
r
o
d
u
cts
f
aster
an
d
o
n
a
less
b
u
d
g
et.
A
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
is
s
av
ed
in
t
h
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
r
ep
o
s
ito
r
y
alo
n
g
with
th
e
u
p
d
ated
v
er
s
io
n
n
u
m
b
er
,
ef
f
o
r
t,
an
d
ti
m
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
.
A
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
t
wi
th
p
ar
tial
f
u
n
ctio
n
ality
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
m
o
d
if
y
t
h
e
s
o
u
r
ce
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t.
T
h
e
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
r
ep
o
s
ito
r
y
g
r
o
ws
as
a
r
esu
lt
o
f
co
n
tr
i
b
u
tio
n
s
o
f
u
p
d
ated
o
r
n
ew
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
tech
n
i
q
u
e
is
ap
p
lie
d
if
n
o
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
is
ab
le
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
t
h
e
d
esire
d
f
u
n
ctio
n
ality
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
p
r
esen
ts
h
o
w
to
id
e
n
tify
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
an
d
m
in
e
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
r
ep
o
s
ito
r
y
.
Dev
elo
p
in
g
a
n
ew
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
o
r
m
o
d
if
y
in
g
th
e
e
x
is
tin
g
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
r
eq
u
ir
es
ce
r
tain
ef
f
o
r
t.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
m
etr
ics
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
m
ai
n
tain
an
d
ev
alu
ate
t
h
e
o
p
tim
izatio
n
o
f
ef
f
o
r
t
in
r
eu
s
in
g
a
co
m
p
o
n
en
t.
Ass
u
m
in
g
th
at
th
er
e
ar
e
n
m
o
d
u
les
an
d
m
co
n
ce
r
n
s
(
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
r
eq
u
i
r
em
e
n
ts
)
,
th
e
r
eu
s
ab
ilit
y
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
u
s
in
g
th
e
f
o
ll
o
win
g
m
atr
ix
(
R
e
-
u
s
ab
ilit
y
m
atr
ix
)
R
MF.
C
iMj
=
1
(
if
th
e
co
n
ce
r
n
C
i is im
p
lem
en
ted
in
M
o
d
u
le
Mj)
=
0
(
o
th
er
wis
e)
Similar
ly
,
n
o
n
-
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
(
R
MN
)
n
ee
d
s
co
u
ld
also
h
av
e
a
r
e
u
s
ab
ilit
y
m
atr
ix
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Activ
ity
d
iag
r
am
f
o
r
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
o
f
r
eu
s
ab
le
d
o
m
ain
s
p
ec
if
ic
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
As
n
ew
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
ar
e
cr
e
ated
o
r
o
ld
o
n
es
ar
e
alter
ed
,
th
e
co
n
ce
r
n
s
will
b
e
u
p
l
o
a
d
ed
to
th
e
r
ep
o
s
ito
r
y
.
W
h
en
a
n
ew
s
y
s
tem
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
p
u
t
in
to
p
la
ce
,
it
ca
n
b
e
b
r
o
k
en
d
o
wn
i
n
to
m
o
d
u
les,
an
d
a
r
eu
s
ab
ilit
y
m
atr
ix
ca
n
b
e
cr
ea
ted
o
n
ce
th
e
is
s
u
es
th
at
ca
n
b
e
r
eu
s
ed
ar
e
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
.
T
h
is
also
ap
p
lies
to
th
e
alter
ed
p
ar
ts
.
T
a
b
le
1
lis
ts
th
e
r
eu
s
ab
ilit
y
m
atr
ix
,
wh
ich
i
n
c
o
r
p
o
r
ates
th
e
in
v
o
ca
tio
n
o
f
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
Nu
m
er
o
u
s
is
s
u
es
h
av
e
b
e
en
d
etec
ted
with
n
ea
r
ly
1
5
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
co
n
n
ec
ted
t
o
th
e
n
in
e
m
o
d
u
les.
T
h
e
I
d
e
n
t
i
f
y
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
a
l
re
q
u
i
re
m
e
n
t
s
M
i
n
e
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
re
p
o
s
i
t
o
ry
N
e
e
d
f
o
r
M
o
d
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
?
R
e
l
a
t
e
d
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
e
x
i
s
t
?
Y
e
s
R
e
a
l
i
z
e
u
s
e
c
a
s
e
No
M
o
d
i
f
y
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
R
e
u
s
e
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
y
e
s
No
V
e
rs
i
o
n
i
n
g
u
p
d
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
re
p
o
s
i
t
o
ry
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
In
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
6
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
20
24
:
2
7
4
-
2
81
278
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
m
eth
o
d
o
r
m
o
d
u
les
will
b
e
in
v
o
k
ed
wh
en
e
v
er
th
er
e
is
an
is
s
u
e
with
lin
k
ed
d
o
m
ai
n
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
,
as seen
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
ab
le
1
.
R
eu
s
ab
ilit
y
m
atr
ix
(
R
MN
)
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
C1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
C2
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
C3
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
C4
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
C5
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
C6
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
C7
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
C8
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
C9
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
C
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
C
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
C
1
2
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
C
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
C
1
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
C
1
5
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
C
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
in
ter
ac
t
io
n
an
d
in
v
o
ca
tio
n
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
t
o
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
t
s
,
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
ca
n
ea
s
ily
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
th
e
c
o
m
m
o
n
b
e
h
av
i
o
r
o
f
th
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
u
s
in
g
th
e
f
ea
tu
r
e
p
o
in
ts
(
FP
)
.
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
5
,
FP
1
an
d
FP
2
ar
e
t
h
e
f
ea
tu
r
e
p
o
in
ts
id
en
tifie
d
in
t
h
e
C
1
'
co
n
f
ig
u
r
ed
r
eu
s
ab
le
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
in
th
e
f
aç
ad
e
wh
ich
is
in
n
e
w
v
er
s
io
n
s
.
FP
3
is
th
e
f
ea
tu
r
e
p
o
in
t
id
e
n
tifie
d
in
th
e
C
2
'
co
n
f
ig
u
r
ed
r
eu
s
ab
le
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
in
th
e
f
aç
ad
e
wh
ich
is
in
n
ew
v
er
s
io
n
s
.
FP
1
,
FP
2
an
d
FP
3
ar
e
id
en
tifie
d
u
s
in
g
th
e
v
e
r
s
io
n
in
g
o
f
v
a
r
io
u
s
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
T
h
e
f
ea
tu
r
e
p
o
in
ts
wer
e
id
en
tifie
d
as
a
v
er
s
io
n
in
g
o
f
th
e
f
ea
tu
r
es
with
th
ei
r
b
eh
av
i
o
r
al
asp
ec
ts
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
I
t
was
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
FP
1
,
FP
2
an
d
FP
3
s
h
o
w
at
least
2
b
eh
a
v
io
r
al
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
th
e
s
elec
ted
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
.
T
h
is
is
ac
h
iev
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
lack
o
f
m
eth
o
d
co
h
esio
n
(
L
C
OM
)
.
T
h
u
s
,
f
ea
t
u
r
e
p
o
in
ts
h
elp
id
en
tif
y
th
e
v
a
r
iatio
n
s
o
f
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
e
d
r
e
u
s
ab
le
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
in
th
e
f
ea
tu
r
es.
Fin
ally
,
Fig
u
r
e
6
ex
p
lo
r
es
h
o
w
m
u
lti
-
lev
els
o
f
d
o
m
ain
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
o
f
twar
e
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
v
ar
io
u
s
p
r
o
d
u
cts.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
A
fr
a
mewo
r
k
fo
r
r
eu
s
a
b
le
d
o
ma
in
s
p
ec
ific so
ftw
a
r
e
co
mp
o
n
en
t
…
(
N
Md
Ju
b
a
ir
B
a
s
h
a
)
279
Fig
u
r
e
5.
Do
m
ain
s
p
ec
if
ic
r
e
u
s
ab
le
s
o
f
twar
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
e
x
tr
ac
tio
n
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Mu
lti
-
lev
els o
f
d
o
m
ain
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
o
f
twar
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
v
ar
io
u
s
p
r
o
d
u
cts
6.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
Or
g
an
izatio
n
s
b
en
ef
it
g
r
ea
tly
f
r
o
m
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
-
b
ased
s
y
s
tem
s
b
u
ilt
with
d
em
an
d
b
ase
d
r
eu
s
a
b
le
d
o
m
ain
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
o
f
twar
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
T
h
e
m
o
s
t
d
i
f
f
icu
lt
as
p
ec
t
o
f
r
eu
s
e
is
s
elec
tin
g
th
e
a
p
p
r
o
p
r
iate
r
eu
s
ab
le
f
r
o
m
a
v
ast
ar
r
ay
o
f
o
p
tio
n
s
a
n
d
ad
a
p
tin
g
r
e
u
s
ab
ilit
y
to
cu
r
r
en
t
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
.
Dif
f
er
en
t
te
ch
n
iq
u
es
an
d
d
esig
n
f
laws
in
r
eu
s
ab
le
d
o
m
ain
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
h
av
e
b
ee
n
ex
am
in
ed
in
ea
r
lier
wo
r
k
.
Un
til
d
ate,
it
ap
p
ea
r
s
th
at
th
er
e
h
as
b
ee
n
n
o
wid
ely
ac
k
n
o
wled
g
ed
s
tan
d
ar
d
f
o
r
th
e
d
esig
n
o
f
d
em
a
n
d
b
ased
r
e
u
s
ab
le
d
o
m
ain
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
o
f
twar
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
is
u
s
ed
to
d
ev
elo
p
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
a
b
le
r
eu
s
ab
le
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
In
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
6
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
20
24
:
2
7
4
-
2
81
280
As
m
en
tio
n
ed
in
th
e
p
r
ec
ed
i
n
g
s
ec
tio
n
s
,
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
s
tr
ateg
y
is
r
ea
lized
an
d
e
x
ec
u
t
ed
u
tili
zin
g
s
ev
er
al
d
o
m
ain
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
an
d
im
p
lem
en
te
d
u
s
in
g
v
a
r
io
u
s
d
o
m
ain
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
r
eu
s
ab
ilit
y
o
f
d
o
m
ain
-
sp
ec
if
ic
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
is
ev
alu
ated
an
d
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
s
ev
er
al
way
s
,
with
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
b
ein
g
f
o
u
n
d
to
b
e
s
u
p
er
io
r
t
o
th
e
o
th
e
r
s
an
d
ex
tr
ac
ted
t
h
e
d
em
a
n
d
-
b
a
s
ed
d
o
m
ain
-
s
p
ec
if
i
c
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
T
h
e
s
u
g
g
ested
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
is
well
-
s
u
ited
,
m
ay
b
e
u
s
ed
in
th
e
s
o
f
twar
e
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
,
an
d
ca
n
im
p
r
o
v
e
o
u
tco
m
es
wh
en
ex
tr
ac
tin
g
d
e
m
an
d
b
ased
r
eu
s
ab
le
d
o
m
ain
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
o
f
twar
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
T
h
e
r
e
u
s
e
d
esig
n
g
u
id
elin
es f
o
r
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
q
u
al
ity
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
ca
n
b
e
ap
p
li
ed
in
th
e
f
u
tu
r
e
as p
a
r
t o
f
t
h
e
o
n
g
o
in
g
ef
f
o
r
t.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
S
.
M
a
h
mo
o
d
,
R
.
L
a
i
a
n
d
Y
.
S
.
K
i
m,
“
S
u
r
v
e
y
o
f
c
o
mp
o
n
e
n
t
-
b
a
s
e
d
s
o
f
t
w
a
r
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d
e
v
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l
o
p
m
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n
t
,
”
I
ET
S
o
f
t
w
a
re
,
v
o
l
.
1
,
n
o
.
2
,
2
0
0
7
,
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o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
4
9
/
i
e
t
-
se
n
:
2
0
0
6
0
0
4
5
.
[
2
]
H.
K.
K
i
m
a
n
d
Y.
K.
C
h
u
n
g
,
“
Tr
a
n
sf
o
r
m
i
n
g
a
l
e
g
a
c
y
s
y
st
e
m
i
n
t
o
c
o
mp
o
n
e
n
t
s
,
”
S
p
r
i
n
g
e
r
-
Ve
r
l
a
g
Be
r
l
i
n
H
e
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l
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g
,
2
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0
6
,
d
o
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:
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1
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j
i
t
c
s.
2
0
1
5
.
0
9
.
0
7
.
[
3
]
W
.
B
.
F
r
a
k
e
s
a
n
d
K
.
K
a
n
g
,
“
S
o
f
t
w
a
r
e
r
e
u
s
e
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
:
st
a
t
u
s
a
n
d
f
u
t
u
r
e
,
"
i
n
I
EEE
T
ra
n
s
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
S
o
f
t
w
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E
n
g
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n
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ri
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g
,
v
o
l
.
3
1
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
5
2
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5
3
6
,
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0
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0
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.
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.
[
4
]
X
.
W
a
n
g
a
n
d
L.
W
a
n
g
,
“
S
o
f
t
w
a
r
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r
e
u
s
e
a
n
d
d
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st
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i
b
u
t
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d
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y
,
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2
0
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F
o
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rt
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I
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a
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d
O
p
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t
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o
n
,
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u
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mi
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n
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p
.
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.
[
5
]
J.
S
a
met
i
n
g
e
r
,
“
S
o
f
t
w
a
r
e
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
w
i
t
h
r
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u
sa
b
l
e
c
o
mp
o
n
e
n
t
s
,
”
S
p
ri
n
g
e
r
-
Ve
r
l
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g
,
I
S
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3
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6
[
6
]
J.
H
e
,
R
.
C
h
e
n
a
n
d
W.
G
u
,
“
A
n
e
w
m
e
t
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mp
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,
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0
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2
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d
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I
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t
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r
n
a
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C
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p
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c
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a
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T
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2
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4
1
.
[
7
]
M
.
P
i
g
h
i
n
,
“
A
n
e
w
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can
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ra
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rk
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a
ra
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sa
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Un
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rsity
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tac
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m
a
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g
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m
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rsity
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h
in
CS
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fro
m
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ro
fe
ss
o
r
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p
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rtme
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t
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m
p
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ter
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c
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c
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g
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rin
g
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K
L
U
n
iv
e
rsity
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h
a
s
1
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y
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rs
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tea
c
h
in
g
y
e
a
rs
o
f
tea
c
h
in
g
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x
p
e
rien
c
e
.
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re
se
a
rc
h
a
re
a
s
in
c
lu
d
e
d
a
ta
m
in
i
n
g
,
d
a
ta
sc
ien
c
e
,
b
io
i
n
fo
rm
a
ti
c
s,
I
o
T,
a
n
d
b
ig
d
a
ta
a
n
a
l
y
ti
c
s
.
He
can
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
m
o
u
lan
a
p
h
d
@
g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
.
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