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Science
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9
,
No
.
1
,
J
an
u
ar
y
201
8
,
p
p
.
93
~
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6
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W
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T
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c
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a
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d
e
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rd
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w
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a
p
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h
o
w
f
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ti
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fter
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g
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l
th
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o
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g
e
th
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rre
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t
se
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g
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ts
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c
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se
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x
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ti
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a
l
w
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b
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in
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ir
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ted
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te
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p
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t
i
n
th
e
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re
se
n
t
e
lec
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c
a
l
se
c
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c
u
lt
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re
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p
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a
l
c
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ti
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th
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p
a
p
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t
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ti
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ty
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d
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a
te
w
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t
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ti
o
n
.
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w
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li
f
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w
ise
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m
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h
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c
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d
y
c
a
n
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n
d
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g
a
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tch
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d
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p
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s
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re
sin
c
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ts
w
h
a
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p
a
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b
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a
n
d
sa
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c
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c
c
o
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ly
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th
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f
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te
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c
tri
c
a
l
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g
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re
l
y
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p
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o
w
w
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ll
a
d
m
in
istratio
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c
o
m
p
re
h
e
n
d
s
t
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e
h
a
z
a
rd
a
n
d
re
su
lt
s
o
f
e
lec
tri
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l
w
o
rk
a
n
d
th
e
ir
d
u
ty
i
n
m
o
u
ld
in
g
a
n
d
o
w
n
in
g
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
se
c
u
rit
y
stra
teg
ies
.
En
ter
c
o
m
p
o
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e
n
ts
ten
d
e
d
to
i
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t
h
is
p
a
p
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n
c
o
r
p
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x
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d
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f
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w
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x
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.
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w
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:
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B
elief
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C
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P
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Co
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©
2
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1
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In
stit
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C
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(
Ma
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A
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Un
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C
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Nap
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Hill.
P
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Descript
io
n
W
h
o
ch
an
g
es
th
e
elec
tr
ica
l
wellb
ein
g
s
o
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y
in
s
id
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y
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k
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n
g
en
v
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n
m
e
n
t?
W
h
en
ev
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ask
ed
,
w
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r
k
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s
r
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u
lar
l
y
q
u
al
it
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t
h
e
o
b
lig
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n
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
elec
tr
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s
ec
u
r
it
y
cu
l
tu
r
e
to
u
p
p
er
a
d
m
in
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s
tr
atio
n
.
Fro
m
ti
m
e
to
ti
m
e
d
o
th
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y
tr
ait
it
as
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o
w
n
d
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t
y
.
B
asi
ca
ll
y
,
e
v
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i
n
d
iv
id
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in
c
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2502
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l
.
9
,
No
.
1
,
J
an
u
ar
y
201
8
:
93
–
96
94
in
t
h
i
s
m
an
n
er
m
u
s
t
b
e
a
d
y
n
a
m
ic
Me
m
b
er
in
t
h
e
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
a
n
d
u
p
k
ee
p
o
f
t
h
e
a
s
s
o
ciatio
n
's
elec
tr
ica
l
s
ec
u
r
it
y
cu
l
tu
r
e.
E
lectr
ical
w
ellb
ei
n
g
s
o
cietie
s
ar
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
ized
b
y
t
h
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o
r
d
in
ar
y
r
ec
o
g
n
izab
le
ac
ts
an
d
r
eh
ea
r
s
ed
r
u
les.
C
o
n
s
id
er
ch
an
g
e
s
to
s
o
cieties
s
tar
t
w
it
h
a
co
n
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s
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ess
o
f
th
e
r
eq
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ir
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m
e
n
t
f
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ch
a
n
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e.
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o
n
s
cio
u
s
n
e
s
s
o
f
ch
a
n
g
es
a
n
d
r
esp
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n
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iv
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n
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s
to
co
n
s
tan
t
s
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cial
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h
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n
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e
s
o
u
g
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t
to
b
e
m
et
w
it
h
g
o
o
d
f
ait
h
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d
o
p
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n
e
s
s
.
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r
as
b
asicall
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h
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n
k
a
n
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t d
if
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[
1
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.
B
a
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tl
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telep
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m
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v
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h
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to
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s
u
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t
t
o
all
er
as
i
n
t
h
e
w
o
r
k
f
o
r
ce
u
s
i
n
g
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
s
p
ec
ialized
s
t
r
ateg
ies
[
2
]
.
C
r
o
s
s
g
en
er
atio
n
al
g
r
o
u
p
s
m
i
g
h
t
b
e
a
co
m
p
elli
n
g
d
ev
ice
to
g
u
ar
an
tee
t
h
at
c
h
a
n
g
e
ca
n
b
e
ac
k
n
o
w
led
g
ed
b
y
all
g
ath
er
i
n
g
s
w
il
l
'
s
id
en
t
it
y
i
n
f
lu
en
ce
d
b
y
t
h
e
n
e
w
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
.
Ha
v
in
g
t
h
e
ca
p
ac
it
y
to
s
p
ea
k
w
ith
u
p
p
er
ad
m
in
i
s
tr
atio
n
ab
o
u
t
t
h
e
elec
tr
ical
s
ec
u
r
it
y
c
u
lt
u
r
e
an
d
its
n
ee
d
s
is
a
v
ital
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
to
ac
ce
p
tin
g
ad
m
in
i
s
tr
atio
n
b
o
ls
ter
.
Seei
n
g
h
o
w
to
p
ass
o
n
d
ata
to
a
d
m
in
i
s
tr
atio
n
i
n
m
o
n
e
y
r
elat
ed
ter
m
s
;
i.e
.
,
co
s
t
-
in
v
e
s
t
m
e
n
t
f
u
n
d
s
,
w
o
r
k
er
s
ec
u
r
it
y
,
le
s
s
g
en
er
atio
n
d
a
y
s
lo
s
t
,
ze
r
o
f
atalities,
les
s
d
o
llar
s
lo
s
t
to
f
o
r
ce
d
f
in
e
s
o
r
s
ettle
m
en
ts
,
b
etter
w
ellb
ein
g
r
ec
o
r
d
s
,
an
d
s
o
o
n
ca
n
u
p
g
r
ad
e
th
e
p
r
ac
ticality
o
f
h
a
v
i
n
g
elec
tr
ical
w
ellb
ei
n
g
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
f
i
n
an
ce
d
[
3
]
.
A
Stu
d
y
o
n
3
-
p
h
a
s
e
I
n
ter
leav
ed
D
C
-
D
C
B
o
o
s
t
C
o
n
v
er
ter
Stru
ct
u
r
e
an
d
Op
er
atio
n
f
o
r
I
n
p
u
t
C
u
r
r
e
n
t
Stre
s
s
R
ed
u
cti
o
n
[
1
1
]
.
Har
d
w
ar
e
I
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
So
lar
B
ased
B
o
o
s
t
to
SEP
I
C
C
o
n
v
er
ter
Fed
Nin
e
L
e
v
el
I
n
v
er
ter
S
y
s
t
e
m
[
1
2
]
.
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
L
es
s
V
o
ltag
e
Qu
ad
r
u
p
ler
B
ased
DC
-
DC
C
o
n
v
e
r
ter
w
ith
C
o
u
p
led
I
n
d
u
cto
r
an
d
P
I
Fil
te
r
f
o
r
I
n
cr
ea
s
ed
Vo
ltag
e
Gai
n
an
d
E
f
f
icie
n
c
y
[
1
3
]
.
So
lar
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
ar
r
ay
Fed
W
ater
P
u
m
p
R
i
v
e
n
b
y
B
r
u
s
h
le
s
s
DC
Mo
to
r
Usi
n
g
KY
C
o
n
v
er
ter
[
1
4
]
.
2.
WH
E
R
E
WE
R
E
W
E
YE
ST
E
RDAY
?
"
Yo
u
d
id
th
en
w
h
at
y
o
u
k
n
e
w
h
o
w
to
d
o
,
an
d
w
h
e
n
y
o
u
k
n
e
w
b
etter
,
y
o
u
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
"
Ma
y
a
An
g
e
lo
u
.
Nu
m
er
o
u
s
th
in
g
s
h
a
v
e
ch
a
n
g
ed
s
in
ce
t
h
e
6
0
s
.
A
s
ta
n
d
o
u
t
a
m
o
n
g
s
t
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
v
i
tal
c
h
an
g
es
is
i
n
t
h
e
o
u
tlin
e
o
f
h
ar
d
w
ar
e.
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
a
f
e
w
ca
s
e
s
o
f
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
o
u
tli
n
ed
an
d
i
n
t
r
o
d
u
ce
d
am
id
t
h
ese
y
ea
r
s
.
An
o
th
er
ch
a
n
g
e
i
s
t
h
e
co
n
v
ictio
n
t
h
at
elec
tr
ical
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
m
u
s
t
b
e
ta
k
e
n
a
s
h
o
t
at
liv
e
a
n
d
i
t
w
a
s
to
o
ex
p
en
s
iv
e
to
d
e
-
e
n
er
g
ize
t
h
e
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t
[
4
]
.
Am
id
th
is
ti
m
e
p
er
io
d
it
w
as
n
o
r
m
al
p
r
ac
tice
to
m
a
k
e
g
r
a
f
ts
o
n
4
8
0
v
o
lt
f
ee
d
er
s
w
it
h
o
u
t
d
e
-
en
er
g
izin
g
.
Ho
w
in
d
i
v
id
u
a
ls
d
r
ess
ed
w
h
e
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
in
g
clo
s
e
s
t
i
m
u
lated
elec
tr
ical
g
ea
r
is
an
o
t
h
er
ca
s
e
o
f
c
h
an
g
e
s
in
t
h
e
elec
tr
ical
s
ec
u
r
it
y
c
u
lt
u
r
e
[
5
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
E
q
u
ip
m
en
t D
e
s
i
g
n
s
i
n
5
0
s
an
d
6
0
s
I
n
th
e
p
ast
it
w
as
r
eg
u
lar
to
tak
e
a
s
h
o
t
at
in
v
i
g
o
r
ated
elec
tr
ical
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
i
n
co
tto
n
att
ir
e,
n
o
w
an
d
ag
ain
c
ir
cu
it te
s
ter
s
w
o
u
ld
b
e
w
ea
r
i
n
g
a
t
-
s
h
ir
t o
r
a
p
o
l
y
est
er
s
h
ir
t.
I
t
w
as j
u
s
t in
t
h
e
1
9
9
0
s
w
h
e
n
m
o
s
t c
ir
cu
it
r
ep
air
m
e
n
a
n
d
o
th
er
s
p
r
ese
n
t
ed
to
s
ti
m
u
lated
elec
tr
ical
g
e
ar
b
eg
an
w
ea
r
i
n
g
b
en
d
ap
p
r
aised
attir
e
to
h
elp
s
h
ield
t
h
e
m
f
r
o
m
cir
cu
lar
s
eg
m
en
t
s
tr
ea
k
p
er
ils
.
B
eg
i
n
n
in
g
in
t
h
e
7
0
s
,
8
0
s
,
an
d
9
0
s
n
o
te
wo
r
th
y
c
h
an
g
es
h
a
v
e
o
cc
u
r
r
ed
to
h
elp
ch
a
n
g
e
t
h
e
elec
tr
ical
s
ec
u
r
it
y
cu
ltu
r
e.
Or
g
an
iza
tio
n
s
b
eg
a
n
r
eq
u
ir
i
n
g
e
lectr
ical
s
a
f
e
w
o
r
k
h
o
n
e
g
u
id
eli
n
es
a
n
d
elec
tr
ical
w
ellb
ei
n
g
p
r
ep
ar
in
g
f
o
r
t
h
eir
r
ep
r
esen
tativ
e
s
.
T
h
ese
p
r
o
tecte
d
w
o
r
k
m
ea
s
u
r
es
in
cl
u
d
ed
p
r
er
eq
u
is
ites
f
o
r
t
h
e
u
tili
za
t
io
n
o
f
c
u
r
v
e
ap
p
r
aised
attir
e,
th
e
u
tili
za
tio
n
o
f
e
x
tr
a
P
P
E
an
d
p
r
o
tecte
d
ap
p
ar
atu
s
es,
an
d
d
e
-
e
n
er
g
izin
g
elec
tr
ical
g
ea
r
b
ef
o
r
e
b
eg
in
o
f
w
o
r
k
.
Ma
n
y
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
s
elec
tr
ical
w
ellb
ein
g
s
o
cieties
en
h
an
ce
d
af
ter
s
o
m
e
ti
m
e
i
n
v
ie
w
o
f
a
s
u
p
e
r
io
r
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
io
n
o
f
elec
t
r
ical
s
ec
u
r
it
y
.
Ne
w
g
u
id
eli
n
e
s
an
d
d
ir
ec
tio
n
in
c
lu
d
in
g
a
n
ac
ce
n
t
u
atio
n
o
n
elec
t
r
ical
w
ellb
ei
n
g
w
o
r
k
s
o
n
,
w
o
r
k
in
g
d
e
-
e
n
er
g
ized
,
w
ea
r
i
n
g
P
P
E
,
an
d
b
etter
o
u
tlin
ed
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
w
er
e
all
k
e
y
s
e
g
m
en
ts
to
i
n
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
cu
r
r
e
n
t
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
in
elec
tr
ical
s
ec
u
r
it
y
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
C
h
a
n
g
in
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t
h
e
E
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l S
a
fet
y
C
u
ltu
r
e
(
B
en
ja
min
F
r
a
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klin
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)
95
3.
WH
E
R
E
ARE W
E
T
O
DAY
?
"T
h
e
tr
o
u
b
le
lies
,
n
o
t
i
n
t
h
e
n
e
w
t
h
o
u
g
h
ts
,
b
u
t
r
ath
er
i
n
g
ettin
g
a
w
a
y
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
o
ld
o
n
e
s
.
"
J
o
h
n
Ma
y
n
ar
d
Ke
y
n
es.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Hier
ar
ch
y
o
f
Haz
ar
d
C
o
n
tr
o
l M
eth
o
d
s
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
E
x
a
m
p
le
o
f
a
n
E
lect
r
ical
Saf
et
y
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
'
s
Ob
j
ec
tiv
es
NFP
A
7
0
E
,
OS
H
A
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
I
E
E
E
lAS
E
lectr
ical
Sa
f
et
y
W
o
r
k
s
h
o
p
m
ee
ti
n
g
s
a
s
s
u
m
ed
a
n
o
te
w
o
r
t
h
y
p
ar
t
in
ch
an
g
i
n
g
h
o
w
in
d
i
v
id
u
als
t
h
i
n
k
a
n
d
ac
t
w
h
e
n
f
u
n
c
tio
n
in
g
w
it
h
an
d
ar
o
u
n
d
elec
tr
ical
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
[
6
]
.
T
h
e
p
lan
o
f
elec
tr
ical
g
ea
r
h
a
s
r
o
lled
o
u
t
h
u
g
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
ts
to
en
h
a
n
ce
w
ellb
ei
n
g
.
Fo
r
in
s
ta
n
ce
,
to
d
a
y
o
n
e
ca
n
b
u
y
c
ir
cu
lar
s
eg
m
e
n
t
s
a
f
e
h
ar
d
w
ar
e,
g
ea
r
th
at
p
er
m
it
s
r
e
m
o
te
r
ac
k
in
g
o
f
cir
c
u
it
b
r
ea
k
er
s
,
en
g
i
n
e
co
n
tr
o
l
f
o
cu
s
es
t
h
at
ar
e
in
te
n
d
ed
to
p
er
m
i
t
ad
d
itio
n
an
d
ex
p
u
ls
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
in
d
i
v
id
u
a
l
u
n
it
s
w
it
h
o
u
t
r
ea
ch
in
g
t
h
e
in
v
ig
o
r
ated
tr
an
s
p
o
r
t
an
d
b
r
illi
an
t
tr
a
n
s
f
er
s
t
h
at
ca
n
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
atio
n
to
li
m
it
t
h
e
ep
is
o
d
e
v
italit
y
a
m
id
b
la
m
e.
T
h
ese
ar
e
o
n
ly
a
co
u
p
le
o
f
c
ases
o
f
"
Secu
r
it
y
b
y
De
s
i
g
n
"
b
ein
g
u
s
ed
to
d
ay
to
h
elp
en
s
u
r
e
in
d
iv
id
u
als
a
n
d
h
ar
d
w
ar
e.
A
lar
g
e
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
th
ese
"
W
ellb
ein
g
b
y
Desi
g
n
"
h
ig
h
li
g
h
ts
ar
e
co
m
m
a
n
d
ed
in
th
e
e
lectr
ical
s
af
e
w
o
r
k
r
eh
ea
r
s
es
g
u
id
eli
n
es
t
h
at
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
h
a
v
e
ex
ec
u
te
d
.
T
h
e
g
r
ea
ter
p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
l
y
m
e
n
tio
n
ed
th
i
n
g
s
ch
a
n
g
ed
th
e
elec
tr
ical
w
ellb
ei
n
g
s
o
ciet
y
an
d
ch
a
n
g
e
d
h
o
w
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
s
th
i
n
k
a
n
d
ac
t
w
h
en
f
u
n
ctio
n
in
g
ar
o
u
n
d
elec
tr
ical
g
ea
r
.
I
n
a
n
y
ca
s
e,
en
h
a
n
ci
n
g
a
n
d
c
h
an
g
i
n
g
t
h
e
elec
tr
ical
w
ellb
ei
n
g
s
o
c
iet
y
i
s
a
ce
a
s
eles
s
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
[
7
]
.
4.
WH
E
R
E
WI
L
L
W
E
B
E
I
N
T
H
E
F
U
T
URE?
"
Secu
r
it
y
is
n
o
t a
p
r
o
g
r
am
.
I
t i
s
a
p
r
e
-
co
n
d
itio
n
f
o
r
au
th
o
r
itat
iv
e
co
n
d
u
c
t"
P
au
l O
'
Neill.
On
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
i
m
ar
y
t
h
i
n
g
s
to
p
er
ce
iv
e
is
t
h
at
a
p
o
o
r
s
ec
u
r
it
y
c
u
lt
u
r
e
ca
n
b
e
s
e
ttled
,
an
d
a
d
ec
en
t
w
ellb
ei
n
g
s
o
ciet
y
ca
n
t
u
r
n
o
u
t
to
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ab
l
y
m
o
r
e
p
r
o
m
i
n
en
t.
R
e
g
u
lar
l
y
i
n
d
i
v
id
u
al
s
w
ill
p
o
in
t
to
s
o
cial
is
s
u
es
a
s
th
e
h
id
d
en
r
ea
s
o
n
f
o
r
p
o
o
r
ex
ec
u
tio
n
.
T
h
at
is
o
n
ac
co
u
n
t
o
f
a
p
o
o
r
cu
lt
u
r
e
i
s
s
o
m
e
th
i
n
g
t
h
at
is
u
n
i
m
a
g
i
n
ab
le
f
o
r
a
s
o
litar
y
in
d
iv
id
u
al
to
o
v
er
co
m
e
[
8
]
.
I
t
at
th
at
p
o
in
t
p
r
o
g
r
ess
es
to
w
ar
d
b
ec
o
m
i
n
g
s
o
m
et
h
i
n
g
y
o
u
w
o
r
k
ar
o
u
n
d
,
s
o
m
et
h
i
n
g
y
o
u
w
i
n
d
u
p
to
ler
atin
g
as
an
e
s
s
e
n
tial
i
m
p
ed
im
en
t
to
ch
an
g
e.
T
o
ch
an
g
e
t
h
e
elec
tr
ical
s
ec
u
r
it
y
c
u
lt
u
r
e
th
i
s
te
s
t
m
u
s
t
b
e
m
et
h
ea
d
o
n
.
C
u
lt
u
r
e
is
c
h
ar
ac
ter
ized
as
t
h
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2502
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l
.
9
,
No
.
1
,
J
an
u
ar
y
201
8
:
93
–
96
96
ar
r
an
g
e
m
en
t
o
f
s
h
ar
ed
m
e
n
t
alities
,
q
u
a
liti
es,
o
b
j
ec
tiv
es,
an
d
p
r
ac
tices
t
h
at
d
e
s
cr
ib
es
a
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
o
r
ass
o
ciatio
n
[
9
]
.
P
u
t
j
u
s
t,
it
i
s
th
e
ar
r
an
g
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
th
at
ev
er
y
b
o
d
y
ce
r
tai
n
l
y
co
n
s
e
n
ts
to
in
li
g
h
t
o
f
th
e
f
ac
t
th
at
t
h
e
y
ar
e
s
ee
n
p
r
ac
tic
all
y
s
p
ea
k
i
n
g
in
r
eg
u
lar
d
ail
y
ex
is
te
n
ce
.
W
ith
r
eg
ar
d
s
to
s
ec
u
r
it
y
c
u
lt
u
r
e,
th
ese
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
w
ill
n
o
r
m
al
l
y
c
h
a
n
g
e
af
ter
s
o
m
e
ti
m
e
a
n
d
o
v
er
v
ar
io
u
s
ar
ea
s
,
a
n
d
b
et
w
ee
n
v
ar
io
u
s
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
w
o
r
k
p
lace
s
.
I
n
B
elief
s
Dr
iv
e
B
eh
av
io
u
r
s
[
1
0
]
,
th
e
w
r
iter
s
h
av
e
ef
f
ec
ti
v
el
y
s
ettled
t
h
e
ac
c
o
m
p
a
n
y
in
g
:
•
T
o
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
elec
tr
ical
w
o
u
n
d
s
,
y
o
u
s
h
o
u
ld
f
ig
u
r
e
o
u
t h
o
w
to
p
r
ev
en
U
r
ed
u
ce
h
az
ar
d
o
u
s
p
r
ac
tices.
•
T
o
ad
d
r
e
s
s
h
az
ar
d
o
u
s
p
r
ac
tice
s
,
y
o
u
s
h
o
u
ld
ch
an
g
e
co
n
v
icti
o
n
s
.
I
n
th
i
s
p
ap
er
,
th
e
cr
ea
to
r
s
ex
p
an
d
o
n
th
a
t
co
n
te
n
tio
n
a
n
d
m
a
k
e
th
e
ac
co
m
p
an
y
i
n
g
m
ai
n
is
s
u
e,
th
at
to
ch
an
g
e
co
n
v
ictio
n
s
,
y
o
u
h
a
v
e
to
ch
ar
ac
ter
ize,
s
cr
ee
n
,
an
d
co
n
s
i
s
te
n
tl
y
e
n
h
an
ce
t
h
e
E
lectr
ic
al
Saf
et
y
C
u
lt
u
r
e.
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
co
n
tin
u
i
n
g
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
elec
tr
ical
s
af
e
t
y
cu
lt
u
r
e
I
S
a
n
ev
er
e
n
d
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
B
y
lo
o
k
in
g
b
ac
k
o
v
er
ti
m
e
it
is
e
v
id
en
t
t
h
at
t
h
er
e
h
a
s
b
ee
n
p
o
s
itiv
e
g
r
o
w
th
.
P
eo
p
le
d
o
th
in
g
s
th
e
b
est
w
a
y
t
h
e
y
k
n
o
w
h
o
w
.
P
eo
p
le
d
o
lear
n
.
T
h
er
e
is
v
al
u
e
i
n
s
h
ar
i
n
g
w
h
at
y
o
u
k
n
o
w
.
Me
n
to
r
in
g
,
b
en
ch
m
ar
k
i
n
g
,
a
n
d
co
m
m
i
ttee
in
v
o
l
v
e
m
e
n
t
all
d
r
iv
e
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
ef
f
o
r
t
s
.
Me
r
e
co
m
p
lia
n
ce
to
r
eg
u
la
tio
n
s
ig
n
o
r
es
d
ec
ad
es o
f
n
e
w
k
n
o
w
led
g
e,
b
e
s
t p
r
ac
tices,
a
n
d
o
t
h
er
g
u
id
es
f
o
r
s
af
e
w
o
r
k
p
r
ac
tices.
A
co
m
p
an
y
w
it
h
a
s
tr
o
n
g
elec
tr
ical
s
a
f
et
y
cu
l
tu
r
e
w
i
ll
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
t
h
at
t
h
ese
ar
e
n
ec
ess
ar
y
f
o
r
t
h
e
p
r
o
tectio
n
o
f
w
o
r
k
er
s
.
T
h
e
y
w
il
l
ed
u
ca
te
th
eir
s
ta
f
f
to
en
s
u
r
e
w
o
r
k
p
lace
elec
tr
ical
s
a
f
et
y
h
az
ar
d
s
ar
e
p
r
o
p
e
r
ly
id
e
n
ti
f
i
ed
,
an
al
y
ze
d
,
an
d
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
l
y
m
i
tig
a
ted
.
L
ea
r
n
in
g
f
r
o
m
o
t
h
er
s
i
s
t
h
e
h
all
m
ar
k
o
f
a
c
u
lt
u
r
all
y
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
elec
tr
i
ca
l
s
a
f
et
y
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
.
On
e
h
u
n
d
r
ed
y
ea
r
s
a
g
o
th
er
e
w
a
s
n
o
elec
tr
ic
it
y
in
m
a
n
y
h
o
m
e
s
.
T
o
d
ay
tr
av
el
i
n
s
p
ac
e
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le,
an
d
w
ir
ele
s
s
co
m
m
u
n
icat
io
n
s
h
a
v
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ed
o
u
r
s
o
ciet
y
in
t
h
e
s
p
an
o
f
a
co
u
p
le
o
f
d
ec
ad
es.
P
eo
p
le
u
s
e
a
n
d
ad
ap
t
to
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
to
cr
ea
te
ch
an
g
e.
F
u
t
u
r
e
c
h
an
g
es
in
e
lectr
ical
cu
lt
u
r
e
w
i
ll
i
n
clu
d
e
t
h
in
g
s
w
e
h
av
e
n
o
t
b
eg
u
n
to
co
n
s
id
er
.
E
v
er
y
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
r
elies
o
n
co
n
tin
u
e
d
ef
f
o
r
ts
an
d
co
m
m
it
m
en
t
o
f
p
eo
p
le
w
it
h
i
n
t
h
eir
co
m
p
a
n
ies.
T
h
e
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
id
en
ti
f
ied
in
th
is
p
ap
er
s
h
o
u
ld
en
ab
le
y
o
u
to
ad
ap
t
an
d
ch
a
n
g
e
y
o
u
r
elec
tr
ical
cu
lt
u
r
e
f
o
r
th
e
b
etter
.
Yo
u
ca
n
m
ak
e
a
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
ce
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
Jo
e
Ba
rrio
s
a
n
d
Ka
ti
e
S
c
a
rlett
Re
y
e
s.
Brid
g
in
g
th
e
G
a
p
:
Us
in
g
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
to
Ca
p
tu
re
th
e
Ol
d
a
n
d
En
c
o
u
ra
g
e
th
e
Ne
w
.
IEE
E
In
d
u
stry
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
M
a
g
a
zi
n
e
.
2
0
1
6
;
2
2
(
3
);
4
0
-
4
4
.
[2
]
Da
n
iel
H
P
in
k
.
Dr
ive
:
T
h
e
S
u
r
p
ri
sin
g
T
ru
th
a
b
o
u
t
W
h
a
t
M
o
ti
v
a
tes
Us
,
Riv
e
rh
e
a
d
Bo
o
k
s.
Co
p
y
rig
h
t
2
0
0
9
.
[3
]
Ra
y
Cro
w
D
a
n
d
Da
n
n
y
P
L
ig
g
e
tt
.
Beliefs
Dr
ive
Beh
a
v
io
rs
.
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
In
d
u
stry
Ap
p
l
ica
ti
o
n
s.
2
0
1
4
;
5
0
(
2
);
1
5
3
0
-
1
5
3
6
.
[4
]
Ra
y
Cro
w
D.
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
S
a
f
e
t
y
Lea
d
e
rsh
ip
F
ro
m
th
e
1
i
h
M
a
n
.
IE
EE
In
d
u
stry
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
M
a
g
a
zi
n
e
.
2
0
1
6
;
2
2
(3
)
;
58
-
62.
[5
]
Da
r
y
ld
Ra
y
Cro
w
.
W
h
e
re
A
r
e
Y
o
u
No
w
?
W
h
e
re
W
il
l
Yo
u
Be
in
th
e
F
u
t
u
re
?
Pre
se
n
t
a
ti
o
n
a
t
th
e
2
0
0
6
IEE
E
lA
S
El
e
c
trica
l
S
a
fety
W
o
rk
sh
o
p
.
[6
]
NFP
A
7
0
E
S
ta
n
d
a
rd
F
o
r E
lec
trica
l
S
a
fety
In
T
h
e
W
o
rk
p
la
c
e
[7
]
En
c
y
c
lo
p
e
d
i
a
Brit
a
n
n
ica
,
In
c
.
En
c
y
c
lo
p
e
d
ia Bri
tan
n
ica
,
In
c
.
0
7
N
o
v
.
2
0
1
0
.
[8
]
P
ra
g
a
le
R,
P
a
tel
A
,
Bre
sd
e
n
R.
A
rc
F
las
h
KP
I
Co
m
p
li
a
n
c
e
a
t
a
L
a
r
g
e
Oil
&
G
a
s
Co
m
p
a
n
y
,
Pre
se
n
ta
ti
o
n
a
t
t
h
e
2
0
1
6
IE
EE
lA
S
El
e
c
trica
l
S
a
fety
W
o
rk
sh
o
p
.
P
a
p
e
r
No
.
P
CIC
-
2
0
1
6
-
27.
[9
]
L
u
K
a
n
d
M
a
c
n
a
e
J.
T
h
e
in
te
rn
a
ti
o
n
a
l
c
a
mp
a
ig
n
o
n
i
n
ter
c
o
mp
a
riso
n
b
e
twee
n
e
lec
tro
d
e
s
fo
r
g
e
o
e
lec
trica
l
me
a
su
re
me
n
ts
.
Ex
p
lo
ra
ti
o
n
G
e
o
p
h
y
sic
s,
1
9
9
8
;
2
9
(
4
),
4
84
-
4
8
8
.
[1
0
]
S
a
g
a
d
e
v
a
n
S
,
Da
s
I,
P
a
l
K,
M
u
ru
g
a
se
n
P
a
n
d
S
in
g
h
P
.
Op
ti
c
a
l
a
n
d
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
sm
a
rt
re
sp
o
n
se
o
f
c
h
e
m
ic
a
ll
y
sta
b
il
ize
d
g
ra
p
h
e
n
e
o
x
id
e
.
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
M
a
ter
i
a
ls S
c
ien
c
e
:
M
a
ter
i
a
ls
in
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
p
p
.
1
-
9.
[1
1
]
Ha
ri
m
o
n
,
M
.
A
.
,
P
o
n
n
iran
,
A
.
,
Ka
sira
n
,
A
.
N.,
&
Ha
m
z
a
h
,
H.
H.
(2
0
1
7
).
A
S
tu
d
y
o
n
3
-
p
h
a
se
In
terle
a
v
e
d
DC
-
DC
Bo
o
st
C
o
n
v
e
rter
S
tr
u
c
tu
re
a
n
d
Op
e
ra
ti
o
n
f
o
r
In
p
u
t
Cu
rre
n
t
S
tr
e
ss
Re
d
u
c
ti
o
n
.
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
o
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
ms
(
IJ
PE
DS
)
,
8
(4
)
.
[1
2
]
Ja
s
m
in
e
,
D.,
&
G
o
p
in
a
th
,
M
.
(
2
0
1
6
).
Ha
rd
w
a
re
Im
p
l
e
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
S
o
lar Bas
e
d
Bo
o
st t
o
S
E
P
IC
Co
n
v
e
rter F
e
d
Nin
e
L
e
v
e
l
In
v
e
rter S
y
ste
m
.
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
o
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
ms
,
7
(4
)
.
[1
3
]
S
u
ji
t
h
a
,
C.
,
Ra
v
i,
S
.
,
Dia
rra
,
B.
,
&
Ch
u
m
a
,
J.
(2
0
1
6
).
T
ra
n
sf
o
rm
e
r
L
e
ss
V
o
lt
a
g
e
Qu
a
d
ru
p
ler
Ba
se
d
DC
-
DC
Co
n
v
e
rter
w
it
h
Co
u
p
led
In
d
u
c
to
r
a
n
d
P
I
F
i
lt
e
r
f
o
r
In
c
re
a
s
e
d
V
o
lt
a
g
e
Ga
in
a
n
d
Eff
icie
n
c
y
.
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Po
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
ms
,
7
(4
).
[1
4
]
Din
e
sh
,
B.
,
Ja
iv
in
a
y
a
g
a
m
,
M
.
,
Ud
a
y
a
k
u
m
a
r,
M
.
,
&
S
y
e
d
is
m
a
il
,
S
.
S
o
la
r P
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic A
rr
a
y
Fe
d
W
a
t
e
r P
u
mp
Ri
v
e
n
b
y
Bru
sh
les
s
DC
M
o
t
o
r Us
in
g
KY
Co
n
v
e
rte
r
.
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