TELKOM
NIKA Indonesia
n
Journal of
Electrical En
gineering
Vol.12, No.7, July 201
4, pp
. 5629 ~ 56
3
5
DOI: 10.115
9
1
/telkomni
ka.
v
12i7.565
8
5629
Re
cei
v
ed
Jan
uary 22, 201
4
;
Revi
sed Ma
rch 1
6
, 2014;
Acce
pted April 9, 2014
A Study of a New Intelligent Key System for Substation
Dan Chen*,
Y
e
fei
Y
u
e, Hongfe
n
Jian
g, Xiaorong Zhao, Liy
u
a
n
W
a
ng
Schoo
l of Com
puter Eng
i
n
eeri
ng, Ji
an
gsu U
n
iversit
y
of T
e
chnol
og
y,
Cha
ngzh
ou, Ji
angs
u, Chi
na, 213
00
1,
T
e
lp: 086-
137
76
87
8
588
*Corres
p
o
ndi
n
g
author, e-ma
i
l
: adair
_
cd@
1
6
3
.com
A
b
st
r
a
ct
Aiming
at the
de
ma
nd
of pro
ductio
n
ma
nag
ement
of pow
e
r
syst
em, a
ne
w
intelli
gent k
e
y syste
m
applied to substation is creat
ed and
established. Bas
ed on the operat
ing mode of the
system
, the paper
puts forw
ard the des
ig
n of intelli
ge
nt key base
d
on
RF
ID techno
lo
gy. It expoun
ds the hardw
are
of th
e
system
, which adopts advanc
ed ARM technology to dev
elop an intelligent key system
,
com
b
ined with RF
sign
al rec
o
g
n
iti
on tec
hno
lo
gy, OLED d
i
spl
a
y, data stor
ag
e,
keybo
a
rd
inp
u
t
and
oth
e
r func
tions, in
ord
e
r t
o
me
et the fu
ncti
ona
l re
quir
e
me
nts for inte
lli
ge
nce. Its softw
are uses
the
e
m
bed
de
d
μ
C/OS
-
to achiev
e t
he
signal rec
eption of the new inte
lligent key system
. After tested, th
e key works well. The system
is
character
i
z
e
d
by mor
e
porta
bility,
larg
e storag
e capac
ity, more functi
o
n
s, friendly int
e
rface an
d oth
e
r
notice
abl
e feat
ures.
Ke
y
w
ords
:
int
e
lli
ge
nt key system, ARM, radi
o freque
ncy id
entificati
on, e
m
bed
de
d
μ
C/OS-
Ⅱ
Copy
right
©
2014 In
stitu
t
e o
f
Ad
van
ced
En
g
i
n
eerin
g and
Scien
ce. All
rig
h
t
s reser
ve
d
.
1. Introduc
tion
With the
dev
elopme
n
t of
power
syst
e
m
s,
p
o
wer
produ
ction m
a
nagem
ent g
r
adually i
s
intensifie
d, and a tran
sp
ort inspe
c
tion
center
g
ene
ral
l
y needs to m
anag
e more than a do
ze
n
to
hund
red
s
of
sub
s
tation
s. I
n
orde
r to e
n
s
ure th
e
safe
ty of prod
ucti
on, the
partiti
on ma
nag
em
en
t
of equipme
n
t is ado
pted, which results i
n
a variety
of
locks a
nd locking d
e
vice
s, variou
s job
s
for
the de
sign
ed
site such a
s
routine
in
sp
ection
s, switching o
peratio
ns, mai
n
tena
nce
ope
ratio
n
s
and elimi
nating defe
c
ts. In these
pro
d
u
ction o
p
e
r
ati
ons, we mu
st
be ba
sed o
n
the wo
rk n
e
e
d
and u
s
e th
e correspon
ding
keys to
unlo
c
k. Beca
use
of
the variou
s t
y
pes of
keys
[1], operation
a
l
efficiency is
seri
ously reduced.
Worse
still, there
wil
l
be seriou
s accidents such
as
mi
stakenl
y
enterin
g the charg
ed room
s and
so on.
In order to meet the gro
w
ing de
mand
for
electri
c
ity, to effectively reduce and
prevent
the occurrence of human errors,
and to improve the reliability of
grid
operating stably, a new
type of intelligent key sy
stem comes into being.
The study
presents a
new
i
n
telligent key sy
stem
scheme
appli
ed to sub
s
tation an
d ela
b
o
r
ates the
ke
y
techn
o
logi
es - the
stru
ctu
r
e of intellig
e
n
t
key sy
stem,
the co
mpo
s
ition the
o
ry
and impl
e
m
entation te
chni
que
s
of
its hardware
and
s
o
ftware.
R
F
ID
is
w
i
de
ly u
s
ed
as
a no
n
-
c
o
n
t
ac
t auto
m
a
t
ic id
enti
f
ication te
ch
n
o
logy [2]. It consi
s
ts
of 3 part
s
: RFID tags
(tag
), the rea
d
e
r
(re
ade
r) a
nd
antenn
a (a
ntenna
). The
role of intellig
ent
key syste
m
is to re
ceive the RFID tag
of t
he primary system, embed a re
ade
r in the key, and
reali
z
e
the
control
of the
device
throug
h RFID
ele
c
tronic code
c
a
nd the
me
ch
anical lo
cking
of
origin
al lo
cks
[3]. Figure
1 i
llustrate
s th
e
appe
ara
n
ce
of intelligent
key an
d its
u
s
e o
b
je
cts. RFID
tags is ISO/IEC156
93 pro
t
ocol-ba
s
ed a
nd the ope
rat
i
ng frequ
en
cy is 125KHz re
ad-o
n
ly passi
ve
tags. It is de
signed
in
a rou
nd b
u
tton
sha
pe, a
di
amete
r
of
about
14
mm, mainly b
y
the ind
u
ctio
n
coil, re
ad-onl
y memory, RF tran
sceiver
and a
s
soci
ated ci
rcuits. RFID tags
are
embed
ded i
n
the
lock co
re do
o
r
of the device of each
sub
s
tation.
Therefore, i
n
telligent
key system is to
a
c
cept
the
in
struction
of the
prima
r
y sy
ste
m
, i.e. a
seq
uen
ce
of
su
bstatio
n
equipm
ent o
peratio
ns
,
an
d, acco
rdin
g
to a
su
bst
a
tion e
quipm
ent
runni
ng, to lift
device lat
c
h
corre
c
tly an
d
allow the
ope
rators to
pe
rf
orm th
e
swit
ching
ope
ratio
n
,
thus en
su
rin
g
the corre
c
tness for the
maint
ena
nce
personn
el to run a sub
s
tation equip
m
ent
operation, an
d finally returning the impo
rtant info
rmati
on abo
ut the device
o
peration to the host.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 12, No. 7, July 201
4: 5629 – 56
35
5630
Figure 1. Intelligent Key Appea
ran
c
e a
n
d
use O
b
je
cts
2. Sy
stem Design
The intelligent key system requi
res a micro
c
ontrolle
r to make a real-time
comm
uni
cati
on
with
external m
odule
s
throu
g
h
a va
ri
ety of bu
s [4
-6], and
RFI
D
-based i
n
tellig
ent
key i
s
a mo
b
ile devi
c
e
wh
ich
ha
s m
o
re
stri
nge
nt
req
u
irem
ents on
po
we
r
con
s
umption,
so
the
intelligent
ke
y system m
a
i
n
ly contai
ns the mai
n
cont
rol
circuit, OL
ED di
splay in
terface
ci
rcuits,
RF si
gnal recognition
circu
i
t, a power
ci
rcuit, dat
a
storag
e, keyb
o
a
rd in
put mo
dule an
d so
on.
Main control
circuit compo
s
ed
of STM3
2F103VET
6
and its p
e
rip
h
eral inte
rface
circuit is th
e core
part of the system and it
deals
with the main tr
a
n
s
missio
n and
pro
c
essin
g
of the data. The
sign
al colle
cted by RF si
g
nal reco
gnitio
n
ci
rcuit
EM4
095, is
co
nve
r
ted to the
re
al-time d
a
ta b
y
a
pro
c
e
s
sor a
n
d
then makes the real-time
display th
ro
u
gh OLED di
splay circuit after rep
r
o
c
e
s
sed
by the processor.
Data
storage
module us
es EE
PROM AT
24C64 to
store intelligent key
operational states,
large-ca
pacity
SD card stores la
bel
data and the
GBK font, icons a
nd othe
r
data for displ
a
y.
Dep
endin
g
o
n
the feature
s
of more an
d more sub
s
tation equip
m
ent and rel
a
tively high-
value, intellig
ent key syste
m
sub
s
tation
in t
he overal
l desig
n of the hard
w
a
r
e
should
con
s
id
er
the followi
ng:
high reliabilit
y, portability, storage
capacity, easy expansi
on. The
overall design
o
f
sub
s
tation int
e
lligent key system is sho
w
n in Figu
re
2.
Figure 2. Overall Stru
cture of the System
2.1. ARM Sel
ection an
d Peripheral Interfa
c
e
Based on the
STM32 family
, it is design
ed
for the req
u
irem
ents of
high-pe
rform
ance,
low-co
st, low-po
we
r embe
dded ap
plicat
ions, sp
ecifi
c
ally for
ARM
Cortex
-M3 co
re.
Accordi
n
g
to the performance, it is divided into two di
f
f
erent se
ries: "Enha
nced" STM32F
103 se
rie
s
an
d
"basi
c
" STM3
2F101
se
rie
s
[7].
This design uses the
STM32 "Enh
anced" STM
32F10
3VET6
,
the clo
ck fre
quen
cy of 72MHz, execu
t
ing cod
e
fro
m
flash; STM32 co
nsum
es 36mA, th
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
A Study of a New Intelligent Key System
for Substation (Dan Chen)
5631
lowe
st po
we
r con
s
u
m
ption
in the m
a
rket
of the
p
r
od
u
c
t 32,
whi
c
h i
s
eq
uivalent
to
0.5mA/MHz.
It can achiev
e high-e
nd computing, e
m
bedd
ed 51
2KB FLASH prog
ram me
mory
, sup
p
o
r
ts a
rich
set of periphe
ral
s
and
comm
uni
cati
on bus with I
2
C, SPI, USAR
T
se
rial inte
rface a
nd USB
bus
, I/O interf
ac
es
and other func
tions
[
8
].
STM32F1
0
3
VET6 com
m
unicates
with
RF
chip, S
D
card
by u
s
ing
4-wire
SPI bus
mode an
d is conne
cted t
o
touch scre
en cont
rolle
r. For example
,
the feet 26
and 27 of the
STM32
are
resp
ectively
conne
cted
wit
h
the
feet 1
3
and
14
of the
EM409
5
so
as to
compl
e
te
the conne
ctio
n of p
r
o
c
e
s
sor a
nd
RF
chip. STM32
F
103VET6
uses I
2
C bu
s t
o
communi
ca
te
with the external EEPROM AT24C64.
It is conn
ected to di
splay
module
by using
16-bit I/O
interface to
a
c
hieve th
e o
u
tput
of the
system
displ
a
ys. It is
con
necte
d to the
keyb
oard by
usin
g 16-bit I/O interface a
nd ca
n sup
p
o
r
t up
to 64 ke
ystro
k
e
s
. It a
c
hieve
s
programming an
d
debu
gging
p
r
ogra
m
s by u
s
ing
USART
seri
al inte
rface. It reali
z
e
s
high-sp
eed
communi
catio
n
betwe
en USB
and PC.
2.2. Displa
y
Inter
f
ac
e Circ
uit
In the p
r
o
c
e
s
s of u
s
in
g th
e intellige
n
t key, we n
eed
to se
nd d
a
ta
to the RF tag
and
reali
z
e real
-time
data storage
a
nd com
m
unication
wi
th the ho
st compute
r
, whi
c
h
requi
re
s t
h
e
input of data and the co
ntrol of information,
and the data and con
t
rol informatio
n are visually
displ
a
yed. From the use o
f
perform
an
ce req
u
ir
e
m
en
ts, it achieve
s
both h
and
-held small si
ze,
as small
as a
car key, and
intelligent
human-m
achine i
n
terface. Therefore,
an
organi
c li
ght
emitting di
spl
a
y scre
en
with the 0.9
6' O
L
ED i
s
de
sig
ned to
displa
y human
-ma
c
hine inte
rfa
c
e
.
The di
splay
device
su
ppo
rts a two-wa
ys input
of t
ouch screen
and
keyboa
rd. The to
uch
scree
n
is mai
n
ly used for i
nputting control info
rmation
,
while the ke
yboard i
s
mai
n
ly used for
inputting dat
a. The orga
nic light emit
ting display
OLED is the
next-gene
ra
tion flat panel
displ
a
y techn
o
logy, more
advan
ced tha
n
LCD. Co
m
pare
d
with L
CD, it ha
s su
perio
r featu
r
e
s
such as ultra-thin, high
bright
ness, self-illumination, wide vi
ewing angle, fast response,
adaptio
n to a
wide te
mpe
r
ature
ran
ge a
nd a
st
ro
ng e
a
rthqu
ake, lo
w po
we
r
con
s
umptio
n an
d
s
o
forth.
The system
use
s
OLED
displ
a
y modu
le to di
splay
64 line
s
, 12
8
ro
ws, u
s
in
g
a 64
-
line output li
ne drive
r
an
d two colum
n
drive
controllers, and e
a
ch
colu
mn
driver h
a
s
6
4
outputs. Th
ere is no
relati
onship bet
we
en line
d
r
iver and control circuit STM3
2F103VET
6,
only to provi
de po
we
r to
gene
rate th
e drive
sign
al and
a sy
nch
r
oni
zatio
n
sign
al. The
con
n
e
c
tion b
e
twee
n STM
32F10
3VET6
and OLE
D
u
s
e
s
I
0
commo
n port with P
C
0
-PC
7
us
ed
a
s
the data b
u
s
and the
othe
r use
d
a
s
a
control p
o
rt. T
he extern
al si
gnal
s of mo
d
u
les
are
only
related to column driver.
Colu
m
n
d
r
ive
r
ha
s a
64*
6
4
-bit b
u
ilt-in
displ
a
y mem
o
ry. RAM i
s
divided into 8
pages, 8 line
s
each pag
e. The state
of each pixel on
the display correspon
ds to
the data
of
di
splay
memo
ry and
the
dat
a of
displ
a
y
memory
directly acts a
s
th
e d
r
ive
sign
al
of
grap
hical display. "1" is displaye
d and "
0
" is not displ
a
yed.
2.3. Radiofr
e
quency
Sign
al Recog
n
ition Circuit
RFID (Radi
o
Fre
que
ncy I
dentificatio
n) tech
nolo
g
y
is a
commu
nicatio
n
te
ch
nology
usin
g radi
o signal
s to ide
n
tify specific
target
an
d re
ad data with
out the estab
lishme
n
t of a
spe
c
ific m
e
chani
cal or
op
tical co
ntact
s
betwe
e
n
re
cognition
syst
em and the t
a
rget [9]. Do
or
locks a
nd d
e
v
ice locks in
power
sup
p
ly system
u
n
ifo
r
mly adopt lo
ck
cylinde
r with electroni
c
tags. T
here i
s
RFI
D
sign
al
recognitio
n
ci
rcuit
chip
s in
the intellig
ent
key
to
read
whe
n
the
lo
ck
is autho
rized
and whethe
r the ke
y can o
pen the do
or
or not.
EM4095 i
s
selecte
d
as RF chip. EM40
95 is a dedi
cated RFID
re
ader
chip la
u
n
ch
ed
by Swiss E
M
Microel
ect
r
oni
c
Co
rporation. Figu
re
3 is fo
r a
schem
atic
dia
g
ram EM
409
5.
DEMO
D_O
U
T pin i
s
a
n
o
u
tput of AM
demod
ulated
sign
al; MO
D act
s
a
s
mo
d
u
lation
cont
ro
l
side, low lev
e
l without m
odulatio
n, the hi
gh level
of 100% modulatio
n; RDY/CLK outp
u
t
terminal i
s
indicative of multiple feature
s
, or a
s
rea
d
y to sen
d
instruct
ions, or a
s
a
synchro
nou
s
clo
ck
sign
al o
u
tput indicating the re
cepti
on. Wh
en the
chip
wo
rks to esta
blish
a
n
internal
pha
se-lo
c
ked lo
o
p
and the
receive
r
ci
rcui
t come
s to
work, RDY/CLK outputs
a
contin
uou
s
cl
ock si
gnal
sy
nch
r
oni
ze
d wi
th DEMO
D_
OUT
data
sig
nal; wh
en S
H
D is hig
h
-leve
r
,
EM4095
com
e
s into po
we
r-savin
g
sle
e
p
mode, and RDY/CLK is al
so set low.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 12, No. 7, July 201
4: 5629 – 56
35
5632
Figure 3. Sch
e
matic Di
ag
ram EM4095
As EM40
95
provide
s
onl
y prod
uce carri
er
and A
M
modul
atio
n and
dem
o
dulation
function
s, the
reade
r re
cei
v
es the tran
smissi
on of en
codi
ng and d
e
co
ding of d
a
ta compl
e
tely
from the
p
r
o
c
essor STM3
2
F
103VET6.
T
he d
a
ta
rate
of 125
kHz RF
ID is u
s
ually
2-3.2
k
b/s.
Th
e
transmissio
n
of encodin
g
data is rela
tively si
mple as long a
s
the port of controlli
ng the
transmissio
n
prod
uces a ti
ming o
u
tput
of sp
ecifie
d d
a
ta bit, an
d t
he d
e
coding
of the receive
d
data is
relatively c
o
mplex [10].
2.4. Po
w
e
r
Circuit
Intelligent ke
y is hand
held
,
so it is ne
ce
ssar
y to provide mobil
e
po
wer. T
he de
si
gn use
s
a lithium battery and provides
cha
r
ge a
nd discha
r
g
e
protectio
n
ci
rcuit inte
rnall
y
. USB port is
use
d
for cha
r
ging, and
OL
ED displays t
he ch
arge st
atus, battery
power a
nd ot
her p
a
ra
mete
rs.
Cha
r
gin
g
chi
p
ado
pts Sha
nghai
Co
nso
nan
ce
CN30
63; ch
arg
e
a
nd di
scharge
prote
c
tion
ci
rcuit
use
s
cl
assi
c circuit DW01
+ 820
5A. The
circuit diag
ra
m is sh
own in
Figure 4.
Figure 4. CN3063
Circuit Diag
ram
The sy
stem circuit al
so n
e
eds to p
r
ovid
e 5V power
supply to the OLED a
nd EM4095
and
+3.3V p
o
we
r supply
to STM32F
103VET6. F
o
r anti
-
interf
eren
ce, e
a
ch
sup
p
ly pin
of
STM32F1
0
3
VET6
is pa
ralleled with 0.1
μ
F
coupl
e
d
capa
citor. These cap
a
citors sh
ould
be
placed cl
ose
to the power/groun
d pi
n, as clo
s
e
as po
ssible.
Boost DC/DC
conve
r
te
r is
MAX1687 chi
p
and po
we
r sup
p
ly chip i
s
TPS7333Q.
2.5. Data S
t
o
r
age
As for inte
rna
l
sto
r
ag
e resource
s, STM
32F10
3VET6
co
ntain
s
5
1
2
KB SRAM a
n
d
64KB
FLASH. In o
r
der to
sto
r
e
the
work
statu
s
of i
n
telligen
t key, the
re
source
used f
o
r di
spl
a
y an
d a
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TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
A Study of a New Intelligent Key System
for Substation (Dan Chen)
5633
large num
ber of radi
o frequency
identifi
c
ation data, Atmel
AT24C64 EEPROM
storage
chi
p
is
use
d
to meet
the requi
rem
ents of intelli
gent key
working
con
d
itio
n. The chi
p
can sto
r
e 64K
B of
data a
nd
co
mmuni
cate vi
a the I2
C
bu
s with ST
M32
F
103VET6, i
n
clu
d
ing
data
line S
D
A a
n
d the
clo
ck lin
e SCL. Calibration
data of the touch sc
re
en i
s
sto
r
ed in A
T
24C64 to a
c
hieve co
ordi
n
a
te
transfo
rmatio
n betwe
en to
uch
scree
n
a
nd the OLED.
The system
use
s
SD
ca
rd to store ch
a
r
ac
te
r font
s, picture
s
a
nd th
e data re
ad from RF
int
e
rf
ac
e
car
d
.
S
D
c
a
rd
is
small
-
si
ze
d,
wit
h
la
rge
ca
pacity, wid
e
ly use
d
in m
o
b
ile devices. S
D
card
commu
n
i
cate
s with S
T
M32F
103V
ET6 via SPI bus
with fa
st transfe
r
rate
s, more tha
n
2
M
B
per
se
con
d
, to meet the requireme
nts
of the
data transmi
ssion
rate of the ha
ndhel
d intelli
gen
t
key. In addition, the SD card can be e
a
sily re
m
o
ve
d from intelli
gent key, so
we can u
s
e the
gene
ral
rea
d
e
r of the
PC t
o
re
ad S
D
ca
rd
so a
s
to
re
alize
data
exchang
e bet
we
en intellig
ent
key
and PC.
3. Sy
stem Soft
w
a
re
Dev
e
lopment
The software
of embedd
ed GUI-ba
se
d intelli
gent key system i
s
develop
ed
by the
followin
g
laye
rs. Th
e un
de
rlying layer i
s
con
s
tituted b
y
the
μ
C/OS-
Ⅱ
ke
rn
el and
drivers, which
mainly p
r
ovid
es
su
ppo
rt fo
r a
variety
of ha
rd
wa
re int
e
rfaces;
the
middle l
a
yer i
s
a
n
e
m
be
dd
ed
μ
C/GUI
library, which
opti
m
ize
s
th
e o
p
e
ration
of
va
rious g
r
ap
hics, without
the
deman
d
of e
x
tra
run
-
time sup
port system, redu
cin
g
CPU
loa
d
,
an
d
whi
c
h
can
b
e
extende
d t
o
the
contin
u
ous
upgradin
g
; th
e top l
e
vel i
s
appli
c
ation
of
the
system
,
whi
c
h im
plem
ents
a
spe
c
ifi
c
fun
c
tion
set of
appli
c
ation
s
o
f
intelligent ke
y.
Since the
system is a sm
all intelligent ke
y sy
stem for
sub
s
tation, to
redu
ce d
e
vel
opment
co
sts an
d cy
cle
s
, we u
s
e
the em
bed
d
ed
re
al-time operating system
μ
C/OS
-
Ⅱ
, which is
of
highe
r co
st-p
erform
an
ce ratio.
Accordin
g
to system d
e
velopme
n
t
e
n
vironm
ent, RealVie
w
M
D
K-
ARM 4.20
a
nd STM32
compile
r provides
a ha
rd
ware pl
atform.
In the nee
d
of developm
ent,
some
of the d
o
cum
ents
are
revise
d wh
e
n
μ
C/OS-
Ⅱ
is transplante
d
[11]. The revi
sed d
o
cume
n
t
s
inclu
de: OS_
C
PU.H (C la
ngua
ge hea
d
e
r), OS_
C
PU_C.C (C so
u
r
ce f
ile
s), O
S
_CPU_A.ASM
(Assembl
er source
files
)
a
nd the relate
d
configu
r
ation
files.
μ
C/GUI is
a grap
hical su
p
port sy
stem
of
the embed
ded ap
plication. It is desi
gned to
provide
effici
ent OLE
D
co
ntrolle
r for u
s
ing OLE
D
di
splay gra
phi
cs appli
c
ation
s
,
indep
end
ent
o
f
the pro
c
e
s
sor and the grap
hical u
s
e
r
int
e
rface, so
μ
C/GUI
can be see
n
on
μ
C/
OS-
Ⅱ
e
m
bed
ded
operating sy
stem written in
a visual interface fun
c
tion
libra
ry [12].
μ
C/OS-
Ⅱ
suppo
rts inte
rrupt ro
utines
and m
u
ltitasking [13]. To
sho
r
ten th
e resp
on
se
time of the re
ader te
rmin
al
and the in
sp
ection time
of data co
mpa
r
i
s
on, the m
a
in
function of th
e
entire softwa
r
e sy
stem is desig
ned a
s
follows:
m
o
tor drive
n
, radio frequ
e
n
cy pro
c
e
s
si
ng,
interface di
sp
lay, data
storage
and
othe
r mo
dule
s
. T
he intelli
gent
key
system
termin
al
software
is written in
C lang
uage i
n
KeiluVision
4.0 compil
er
environ
ment. The prim
ary
pro
c
e
ss i
s
sh
own
in Figure 5.
Figure 5. Software De
sig
n
Diag
ram
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ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 12, No. 7, July 201
4: 5629 – 56
35
5634
Intelligent ke
y system is
comp
osed of
a 400mah li
thium battery
with an RFI
D
chi
p
embed
ded in
the head of
each lo
ck. The lock is
a magneti
c
one an
d has four marbl
e
s in
irre
gula
r
a
rra
ngeme
n
t. Un
der n
o
rm
al ci
rcu
m
sta
n
ces,
marbl
e
s
are
irre
gula
r
an
d
the key
can
not
unlo
ck.
Wh
e
n
the
key is i
n
se
rted
to th
e lo
ck
cylind
e
r, the
EM40
95
rea
d
s the
corre
s
p
ondin
g
ID
card of the lock. Whe
n
the ID card informatio
n is consi
s
tent wit
h
the key aut
hori
z
ed, the
key
start
s
executi
ng pro
c
e
dure
which e
nable
s
the marbl
e
s in a straight line, then we can unl
ock. It is
requ
este
d th
at the more t
i
mes the
key
unlock,
the
better. Wh
en
starting the
system, re
al-t
ime
clo
ck initiali
zation involves callin
g real
-time
clo
c
k RTC initiali
zation and se
t the RTC cl
ock
func
tion parameters
.
void C
l
oc
k_Init(
v
oid)
{
if(BKP_ReadBac
kupRegister(
BKP_DR1) !=
0xA5A5)
//
Determine
wheth
e
r the b
a
ckup flag
stored in the
RTC re
giste
r
s
has b
een
con
f
igured
{
R
T
C
_
C
o
n
f
i
g
(
)
;
// RTC initialization
T
i
m
e
_
A
d
j
u
s
t
(
)
;
/
/
Set RTC c
l
oc
k
parameters
BKP_WriteB
a
ck
upRegis
t
er(BKP_DR1,
0xA5A5);
// Af
ter the
RTC
setting, the flag ha
s b
een configu
r
e
d
to write the
backu
p data registe
r
s
}
else
{
if(RCC_G
etF
l
agStatus(RCC_F
LA
G_PORRST) !=
RE
SET)
//
Che
c
k for po
wer failu
re r
e
start
{
// a power-on
reset
}
els
e
if(RCC_GetFlagStatus
(
RCC_FL
A
G
_PINRST) !=
RESET)
// Check
if
res
e
t re
set
{
// an external pin RST re
se
t
}
RTC_
W
a
itFo
rSy
n
ch
ro
();
// Wait RTC registe
r
s a
r
e
synchroni
zed
RTC_IT
Co
nfig(R
TC
_IT_S
E
C,
ENABLE);
// Enable interru
pt se
con
d
s
RTC_
W
a
itFo
rLa
s
tTa
s
k
();
// Wait for the write completion
}
RC
C_
Clea
rFl
ag(
);
// Clear reset flag
}
Intelligent
ke
y system i
s
l
o
w-po
we
r co
nsum
ption.
Whe
n
the
ke
y doe
s not t
ouch the
button for a lo
ng time, the key turns off the backli
ght to
close the bo
oster
circuit, and finally turns
off the power.
After turning
off the power
lithium
battery will not lose power until the next re-boot.
4. Sy
stem T
esting
A PCB boa
rd
of RFID-ba
s
ed intellig
ent
key sy
stem
is de
sig
ned,
with its m
o
th
erbo
ard
about 16
CM*
9
CM, whi
c
h
can
me
et
th
e
po
rtable
d
e
mand
of ha
ndhel
d
intelli
gent key. When
testing, it use
s
ISP downlo
ad tools of STM32F
103V
ET6 to downl
oad thro
ugh
USART
seri
al
, and
use
s
thi
s
RFI
D
-b
ased intel
ligent key to read
RF ta
g
whi
c
h me
ets
the ISO/IEC15693
stan
dard.
The o
p
e
r
atin
g di
stan
ce i
s
not le
ss th
an
8CM.
Re
ade
r an
d di
spl
a
y sp
eed
meet
the ne
eds.
T
he
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
A Study of a New Intelligent Key System
for Substation (Dan Chen)
5635
resulting rea
der data will be store
d
to an
SD
card
and
sent to
PC via the
USB bus. P
C
can
receive the card nu
mbe
r
, se
ctor, data a
nd ot
her info
rmation for further data p
r
o
c
e
ssi
ng.
As a result, after the test
the intelligent key
system is more flexible to use, easier to
carry and o
p
e
r
ate than the
ordin
a
ry sub
s
tation key, an
d it can be u
s
ed normally.
5. Conclusi
on
From the ARM softwa
r
e a
nd
hardware
desi
gn, the novel
study is the developm
ent of a
sub
s
tation int
e
lligent key system. It is a
highly vis
ual i
n
terface intell
igent key an
d
has informati
o
n
query
an
d m
e
mory fu
ncti
on to
a
c
hiev
e the
integ
r
a
t
ion of th
e a
n
ti-lockin
g
sy
stem
and
e
r
ror
monitori
ng sy
stem cl
osely.
It
fully comb
ines a
nd
utili
ze
s integrate
d
feature
s
an
d resou
r
ces to
improve th
e degree of a
u
t
omation
mi
sl
ock sy
stem, to make th
e
stru
cture mo
re stre
amline
d
,
more
reliabl
e
and ea
sier to maintain. With the developme
n
t of electronic technol
ogy, the
requi
rem
ents for the intelli
gent key are
getting hig
h
e
r an
d hig
h
e
r
, so po
rtabilit
y, large st
ora
ge
cap
a
city, more feature
s
, friendly user
int
e
rface are all taken into a
c
cou
n
t.
Ackn
o
w
l
e
dg
ements
The wo
rk i
s
suppo
rted
by National
Natural Scie
nce Fo
und
ation of China
(No.
61
1
420
07). F
u
rthe
rmo
r
e,
we a
r
e in
deb
ted to
the su
pport a
nd e
n
c
ou
rag
e
me
nts receive
d
from
the staf
f and colleag
ue
s of Cloud
Comp
uting and Intellige
n
t Information Proce
s
sin
g
Labo
rato
ry of Chan
g zh
ou
(No. CM20
12
3004
).
Referen
ces
[1]
Xi
ao
qin Z
h
an
g
.
On the Intelli
gent
Ke
y M
a
n
agem
ent S
y
stem in Su
bstati
on.
New
techn
o
lo
gies
an
d
prod
ucts
. 2012
; (16): 6-6.
[2]
Dobki
n
DM. T
h
e RF
in RF
ID:
UHF
RF
ID in Practice. W
a
ltha
m: Ne
w
n
es. 20
12: 189-
20
1.
[3]
Leh
pamer H. R
F
ID design pr
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o
r
w
o
o
d
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e. 2012: 7
7
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[4]
Liu Yi
ng, Z
hu
Yantao, L
i
Yur
ong, Ni C
h
a
o
.
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he
embe
dde
d informati
on
acqu
isitio
n s
y
s
t
em of forest
resourc
e
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T
E
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ourn
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g
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48.
[5]
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n
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ang CY.
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e
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r
ocee
din
g
s of
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uter Com
m
unic
a
tion C
o
ntrol an
d Auto
mation (3
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a
inan. 201
0; 2: 199-2
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[6]
Shig
uan
g Z
X
Q
X
L, B
i
a
o
RYQ
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Desig
n
of el
ectric p
o
w
e
r
d
a
ta ac
quis
i
tio
n
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y
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e
n
t T
e
chnol
ogy
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w
n G. Discoveri
ng the ST
M32 Microc
ont
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ex.
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[8]
ST
M32F
101xxandST
M
32F
10
3xx
adva
n
e
e
d
ARM-bas
e
d
32-b
i
t MCUs Refer
e
n
c
e manu
al
s
microel
ectron
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[9]
W
en W
.
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ge
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mana
geme
n
t ex
pe
rt sy
ste
m
w
i
th
RFID technology
.
Expert System
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Appl
icatio
ns
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010; 37(
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[10]
Namb
ood
iri V,
Gao L. En
erg
y
-a
w
a
re
t
ag
anti
c
ollis
io
n pr
otoc
ols for
RFID s
y
stems.
IEEE Transactions
on Mob
ile C
o
mputin
g.
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[11]
Xi
n Z
,
Guo
Y,
Hu
L. Res
earc
h
o
n
th
e Impl
e
m
entatio
n
of P
o
rting
uC/OS-II on
the
ST
M32F
103
chi
p
.
T
E
LKOMNIKA Indon
esi
an Jou
r
nal of Electric
al Eng
i
ne
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n
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T
i
an LG, Guan BB, Chen Z
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88.
[13]
Shi J, Guo M.
Embed
de
d Di
g
i
ta
l Oscill
osco
p
e
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d o
n
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nd
μ
C/OS-II.
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e
chanics
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29-1
135.
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