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a
l
w
a
y
s
dus
t
y
a
n
d
m
i
s
t
y
,
t
h
e
r
e
by
r
e
duc
i
ng
v
i
s
i
b
i
l
i
t
y
.
D
ue
to
c
l
i
m
a
t
i
c
c
o
n
di
t
i
o
n
s
l
i
ke
f
o
g,
s
n
o
w
e
t
c
.
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
m
i
rr
o
r
c
o
ul
d
be
o
ut
of
v
i
s
i
b
i
l
i
t
y
r
a
n
ge
fo
r
t
h
e
d
r
i
v
e
r
a
nd
c
o
ul
d
l
e
a
d
to
an
a
c
c
i
de
n
t
.
U
s
i
n
g
v
e
h
i
c
l
e
h
o
rn
s
,
a
l
t
h
o
ug
h
b
e
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
i
m
pl
e
s
t
,
it
can
be
h
i
g
hl
y
i
n
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
t
.
D
ue
to
t
h
e
s
o
un
d
it
c
o
ul
d
c
a
us
e
a
l
o
t
of
c
o
n
f
us
i
o
n
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
t
h
e
d
r
i
v
e
r
s
.
As
we
a
r
e
us
i
n
g
IR
S
e
n
s
o
r
s
in
o
ur
p
r
o
j
e
c
t
,
s
o
m
e
of
t
h
e
ot
h
e
r
m
e
t
h
o
ds
c
o
ul
d
be
by
us
i
n
g
M
e
t
a
l
de
t
e
c
t
o
r
s
at
e
a
c
h
e
n
d
of
t
h
e
c
ur
v
e
,
pl
a
c
i
ng
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
i
n
s
i
de
b
u
m
pe
r
s
m
a
de
at
e
a
c
h
e
n
d
.
T
h
e
m
e
t
a
l
de
t
e
c
t
o
r
s
w
i
l
l
de
t
e
c
t
a
n
y
m
e
t
a
l
l
i
c
o
bj
e
c
t
pa
s
s
i
n
g
t
hr
o
ug
h
it
a
n
d
i
m
m
e
di
a
t
e
l
y
w
a
rn
t
h
e
dri
v
e
r
on
e
a
c
h
e
n
ds
by
gi
v
i
n
g
a
s
o
und
or
by
us
i
n
g
t
ra
f
f
i
c
l
i
g
h
t
s
.
We
c
a
n
a
l
s
o
m
a
ke
b
um
pe
r
s
at
e
a
c
h
e
n
d
a
n
d
pl
a
c
e
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
i
n
s
i
de
t
h
e
m
so
t
h
a
t
if
a
n
y
v
e
h
i
c
l
e
t
e
n
ds
to
pa
s
s
o
v
e
r
t
h
e
m
it
w
o
ul
d
s
i
g
n
a
l
t
h
e
o
t
h
e
r
car
a
pp
r
o
a
c
hi
n
g
a
n
d
t
h
e
n
t
h
e
d
ri
v
e
r
s
w
o
ul
d
m
a
ke
t
h
e
t
u
rn
by
de
c
r
e
a
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
i
r
s
pe
e
d
e
v
e
n
t
ua
l
l
y
.
L
i
f
e
is
pr
e
c
i
o
us
.
It
is
a
gi
f
t
gi
v
e
n
by
go
d.
We
s
h
o
ul
d
n
o
t
l
oo
s
e
o
ur
l
i
f
e
fo
r
s
m
a
l
l
r
e
a
s
o
n
s
.
In
o
ur
c
o
un
t
r
y
m
o
r
e
t
h
a
n
50%
of
its
po
pul
a
t
i
o
n
is
b
e
l
ow
t
h
e
a
ge
of
25
a
n
d
m
o
r
e
t
ha
n
65
%
b
e
l
ow
t
h
e
a
ge
of
35
[3].
It
is
a
go
o
d
s
i
g
n
to
o
ur
c
o
unt
r
y
to
b
e
c
o
m
e
o
n
e
of
t
h
e
s
upe
r
pow
e
r
c
o
un
t
r
i
e
s
.
B
ut
m
o
s
t
of
t
h
e
y
o
un
gs
t
e
r
s
a
r
e
l
o
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
i
r
l
i
f
e
in
r
o
a
d
a
c
c
i
de
n
t
s
.
A
c
c
o
r
di
n
g
to
t
h
e
r
o
a
d
s
t
a
t
i
s
t
i
c
s
in
I
ndi
a
o
v
e
r
1,
3
7,
00
0
pe
o
pl
e
w
e
r
e
ki
l
l
e
d
in
ki
l
l
e
d
in
201
3
a
l
o
n
e
w
h
i
c
h
is
m
o
r
e
t
ha
n
t
h
e
num
b
e
r
of
pe
o
pl
e
ki
l
l
e
d
in
a
l
l
o
ur
w
a
r
s
[4]
.
16
c
hi
l
d
r
e
n
d
i
e
in
our
c
o
un
t
r
y
da
i
l
y
due
to
a
c
c
i
de
n
t
s
.
F
o
r
e
v
e
r
y
fo
ur
m
i
n
u
t
e
t
h
e
r
e
is
o
n
e
de
a
t
h
in
our
c
o
un
t
r
y
due
to
r
o
a
d
a
c
c
i
de
n
t
s
.
1214
r
o
a
d
a
c
c
i
de
n
t
s
o
c
c
ur
da
i
l
y
in
o
ur
c
o
un
t
r
y
.
It
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
h
urt
t
h
e
pa
r
e
n
t
s
b
ut
t
h
e
GDP
of
o
ur
c
o
un
t
r
y
.
D
ue
to
r
o
a
d
a
c
c
i
de
n
t
s
o
ur
c
o
un
t
r
y
is
l
o
s
i
n
g
3%
GDP.
T
a
m
i
l
na
du
is
t
h
e
s
t
a
t
e
w
i
t
h
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
n
u
m
b
e
r
r
o
a
d
c
r
a
s
h
i
n
j
u
ri
e
s
e
v
e
r
y
y
e
a
r
.
It
’s
b
e
e
n
in
t
o
p
5
e
v
e
r
y
y
e
a
r
in
r
o
a
d
c
r
a
s
h
e
s
.
”
M
a
n
y
r
o
a
d
a
c
c
i
de
n
t
s
a
r
e
t
h
e
r
e
s
ul
t
of
f
a
ul
t
y
r
o
a
d
de
s
i
g
n
a
n
d
e
n
gi
nn
e
r
i
ng.
T
h
e
r
o
a
d
,
e
s
pe
c
i
a
l
l
y
a
s
i
ngl
e
-
l
a
n
e
o
n
e
w
i
t
h
a
s
ha
r
p
c
u
r
v
e
po
s
e
s
a
b
i
g
da
n
ge
r
.
It
s
h
o
ul
d
de
s
i
g
n
in
a
w
a
y
t
h
a
t
o
n
e
can
s
e
e
t
h
e
v
e
h
i
c
l
e
c
o
m
i
n
g
f
r
o
m
o
t
h
e
r
s
i
de
.
”
A
dds
A
m
a
r
S
r
i
v
a
s
t
a
v
a
,
F
o
un
de
r
,
I
n
d
i
a
n
R
o
a
d
S
a
f
e
t
y
Ca
m
p
a
i
g
n
[
5].
2.
P
R
O
P
O
S
ED
S
Y
S
TEM
C
O
N
C
EP
T
In
F
i
gu
r
e
1
t
h
e
b
l
oc
k
di
a
g
r
a
m
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
pr
o
po
s
e
d
s
y
s
t
e
m
fo
r
t
h
e
pr
e
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
of
r
o
a
d
a
c
c
i
de
n
t
s
.
T
h
i
s
s
y
s
t
e
m
h
a
s
a
9v
b
a
t
t
e
r
y
as
a
s
o
ur
c
e
,
a
s
e
t
of
IR
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
,
L
E
D
l
i
g
ht
s
c
o
m
b
i
n
e
d
w
i
t
h
B
uz
z
e
r
s
to
m
a
ke
s
o
un
d
a
n
d
t
h
e
s
e
a
r
e
i
n
s
t
a
l
l
e
d
on
t
h
e
s
i
de
of
t
h
e
r
o
a
d.
It
us
e
s
t
w
o
IR
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
,
w
h
i
c
h
a
r
e
p
l
a
c
e
d
on
t
h
e
e
nds
of
t
h
e
b
e
n
d
r
o
a
d.
T
h
e
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
t
h
e
v
e
h
i
c
l
e
a
n
d
t
h
e
s
e
n
s
o
r
w
i
l
l
be
3
to
4c
m
.
E
a
c
h
s
e
n
s
o
r
is
c
o
nn
e
c
t
e
d
w
i
t
h
b
uz
z
e
r
s
a
nd
is
m
ut
u
a
l
l
y
e
xc
l
us
i
ve
.
F
i
gu
r
e
1.
P
r
o
po
s
e
d
s
y
s
t
e
m
b
l
o
c
k
di
a
g
r
a
m
2.
1
.
I
n
t
e
r
fa
c
i
n
g
G
S
M
M
o
d
u
l
e
to
A
r
d
u
i
n
o
to
G
i
v
e
I
n
ti
m
ati
o
n
In
F
i
gu
r
e
2
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
b
l
o
c
k
di
a
g
ra
m
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
i
n
t
e
r
f
a
c
i
ng
o
f
G
S
M
m
o
dul
e
t
o
a
r
du
i
n
o
t
o
gi
v
e
m
e
s
s
a
ge
a
f
t
e
r
p
r
o
po
s
e
d
s
y
s
t
e
m
.
W
e
w
i
l
l
gi
v
e
c
o
di
n
g
i
n
t
h
e
A
r
d
ui
n
o
w
h
i
c
h
w
i
l
l
c
o
nt
a
i
n
t
h
e
num
b
e
r
o
f
t
h
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r
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c
e
i
v
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r
w
h
o
w
i
l
l
ge
t
t
h
e
m
e
s
s
a
ge
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
c
a
r
t
h
a
t
ha
s
b
e
e
n
i
n
t
h
e
a
c
c
i
de
n
t
.
I
t
w
i
l
l
s
e
nd
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
t
o
t
h
e
G
S
M
m
o
dul
e
.
W
e
h
a
v
e
pl
a
c
e
d
a
2G
s
i
m
i
n
s
i
de
t
h
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m
o
dul
e
.
W
h
e
n
t
h
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i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
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r
o
m
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m
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r
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v
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g.
A
f
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r
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t
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t
h
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m
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a
m
e
.
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1277
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v
e
n
a
f
t
e
r
a
l
l
t
h
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w
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rn
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ngs
if
a
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c
c
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de
n
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o
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c
ur
s
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n
s
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de
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h
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c
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r,
a
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nd
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s
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c
h
w
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a
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ri
g
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h
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n
t
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o
t
h
e
r
c
a
r
h
i
t
s
t
h
e
b
um
pe
r
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h
e
s
w
i
t
c
h
w
i
l
l
be
on
a
nd
it
w
i
l
l
s
e
n
d
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
to
t
h
e
A
r
du
i
n
o
.
A
c
o
di
n
g
w
i
l
l
be
gi
v
e
n
to
t
h
e
A
r
dui
n
o
w
h
i
c
h
w
i
l
l
c
o
n
t
a
i
n
t
h
e
n
um
b
e
r
of
t
h
e
r
e
c
e
i
ve
r
.
F
r
o
m
t
h
e
r
e
it
w
i
l
l
s
e
n
d
i
n
f
o
rm
a
t
i
o
n
to
t
h
e
GSM
M
o
dul
e
a
n
d
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
r
e
it
w
i
l
l
s
e
n
d
t
h
e
m
e
s
s
a
ge
to
t
h
e
n
um
b
e
r
gi
v
e
n
in
t
h
e
c
o
di
n
g.
As
s
oo
n
as
t
h
e
m
e
s
s
a
ge
is
s
e
n
t
to
t
h
e
n
e
a
r
b
y
H
o
s
pi
t
a
l
,
an
A
m
b
ul
a
n
c
e
w
i
l
l
be
t
h
e
s
e
n
t
to
t
h
e
l
o
c
a
t
i
o
n
f
r
o
m
w
h
e
r
e
t
h
e
m
e
s
s
a
ge
w
a
s
s
e
n
t
a
nd
t
h
i
s
is
h
o
w
t
h
e
i
n
j
ur
e
d
pe
r
s
o
n
w
i
l
l
be
s
a
v
e
d
w
i
t
h
o
ut
a
n
y
l
o
s
s
of
l
i
f
e
.
Bo
o
t
i
n
g
t
h
e
GSM
M
o
dul
e
:
Be
f
o
r
e
s
t
a
r
t
i
ng
of
t
h
e
pr
o
j
e
c
t
we
ha
v
e
to
bo
o
t
t
h
e
GSM
m
o
dul
e
.
We
h
a
v
e
to
i
n
s
e
r
t
t
h
e
s
i
m
c
a
r
d
a
n
d
l
o
c
k
i
t
.
Co
nn
e
c
t
t
h
e
a
da
pt
e
r
to
GSM
m
o
dul
e
a
nd
m
a
ke
it
o
n
.
We
h
a
v
e
to
w
a
i
t
to
w
i
t
n
e
s
s
t
h
e
b
l
i
n
ki
ng
r
a
t
e
of
s
t
a
t
us
l
e
d.
O
n
c
e
t
h
e
c
o
nn
e
c
t
i
o
n
is
e
s
t
a
b
l
i
s
h
e
d
s
uc
c
e
s
s
f
ul
l
y
,
l
e
d
w
i
l
l
b
l
i
n
k
c
o
n
t
i
n
uo
us
l
y
e
ve
r
y
3
s
e
c
o
n
ds
.
To
f
urt
h
e
r
m
a
ke
it
c
o
n
f
i
rm
w
he
t
h
e
r
t
h
e
c
o
nn
e
c
t
i
o
n
is
e
s
t
a
b
l
i
s
h
e
d
or
n
o
t
we
c
a
n
m
a
ke
a
c
a
l
l
to
t
h
e
m
o
b
i
l
e
n
um
b
e
r
of
t
h
e
s
i
m
c
a
r
d
i
n
s
i
de
GSM
m
o
dul
e
if
we
h
e
a
r
a
r
i
ng
b
a
c
k,
t
h
e
GSM
m
o
dul
e
h
a
s
s
uc
c
e
s
s
f
ul
l
y
i
n
s
t
a
l
l
e
d
.
Co
nn
e
c
t
i
n
g
GSM
m
o
dul
e
to
A
r
du
i
n
o
-
T
h
e
r
e
a
r
e
t
w
o
w
a
y
s
of
c
o
n
n
e
c
t
i
n
g
GSM
m
o
dul
e
to
A
r
dui
n
o
.
F
i
r
s
t
m
e
t
h
o
d
-
Co
nn
e
c
t
i
ng
R
x,
Tx
p
i
n
s
of
A
r
dui
n
o
to
GSM
m
o
dul
e
of
Tx
&
Rx
pi
n
s
r
e
s
pe
c
t
i
v
e
l
y
,
GND
pi
n
of
A
r
dui
n
o
to
GND
pi
n
of
GSM
m
o
dul
e
.
S
e
c
o
n
d
M
e
t
h
o
d
-
We
c
a
n
m
a
ke
us
e
of
di
gi
t
a
l
pi
n
s
9,
10
of
A
r
d
ui
n
o
as
R
x,
Tx
pi
n
s
.
B
ut
we
w
i
l
l
pr
e
f
e
r
S
e
c
o
n
d
M
e
t
h
o
d
b
e
c
a
us
e
e
ve
r
y
time
w
h
e
n
we
h
a
v
e
to
b
ur
n
t
h
e
pr
o
gra
m
f
r
o
m
A
rdui
n
o
we
h
a
v
e
to
r
e
m
ov
e
R
x,
Tx
p
i
n
s
,
so
it
is
di
f
f
i
c
ul
t
.
3.
C
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TR
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TR
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.
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11]
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0)
,
2010
,
pp
.
636
-
640
.
[
12]
S
pe
e
d
a
nd
A
c
c
i
de
nt
R
i
s
k
,
E
ur
o
pi
a
n
C
o
m
m
i
s
i
o
n
R
o
a
d
S
a
f
e
t
y
,
[
O
nl
i
ne
]
A
c
c
e
s
s
e
d
on
07
O
c
t
o
be
r
-
2011
.
[
13]
A.
Di
F
e
bbr
a
r
o
,
D.
G
i
g
l
i
o
,
a
nd
N.
S
a
c
c
o
,
“
O
n
us
i
ng
P
e
t
r
i
ne
t
s
f
o
r
r
e
pr
e
s
e
nt
i
n
g
and
c
ont
r
o
l
l
i
ng
s
i
g
nal
i
z
e
d
u
r
ban
ar
e
as
:
ne
w
m
ode
l
a
nd
r
e
s
ul
t
s
,
”
in
P
r
o
c
.
I
E
E
E
I
T
S
C
’
09,
2009
,
pp
.
7
71
-
778.
[
14]
A.
Di
F
e
bbr
a
r
o
a
nd
D.
G
i
g
l
i
o
,
“
O
n
r
e
pr
e
s
e
nt
i
ng
s
i
gn
al
i
z
e
d
ur
ba
n
ar
e
as
by
m
e
ans
of
de
t
e
r
m
i
ni
s
t
i
c
-
t
i
m
e
d
P
e
t
r
i
ne
t
s
,
”
in
P
r
o
c
.
I
E
E
E
I
T
S
C
’
04,
2004
,
pp
.
372
-
377
.
[
15]
A.
Di
F
e
bbr
a
r
o
,
D.
G
i
g
l
i
o
,
a
n
d
N.
S
a
c
c
o
,
“
O
n
appl
y
i
n
g
P
e
t
r
i
n
e
t
s
to
de
t
e
r
m
i
ne
opt
i
m
al
o
f
f
s
e
t
s
f
or
c
oor
di
n
at
e
d
t
r
a
f
f
i
c
l
i
g
ht
t
i
m
i
ngs
,
”
in
P
r
o
c
.
I
E
E
E
I
T
S
C
’
02,
2002
,
pp
.
773
-
778
.
[
16]
A.
Di
F
e
b
br
a
r
o
,
D.
G
i
g
l
i
o
,
a
nd
N.
S
a
c
c
o
,
“
M
odu
l
ar
r
e
pr
e
s
e
nt
a
t
i
o
n
of
ur
ban
t
r
af
f
i
c
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
ba
s
e
d
on
h
y
b
r
i
d
pe
t
r
i
ne
t
s
,
”
in
P
r
o
c
.
I
E
E
E
I
T
S
C
’
01,
2001
,
pp
.
867
-
87
2.
[
17]
G.
C
i
a
r
do
a
nd
C.
L
i
nde
m
a
nn
,
“
A
n
al
y
s
i
s
of
de
t
e
r
m
i
n
i
s
t
i
c
an
d
s
t
o
c
ha
s
t
i
c
P
e
t
r
i
ne
t
s
,
”
in
P
r
o
c
.
I
E
E
E
5t
h
I
nt
.
W
o
r
ks
ho
p,
O
c
t
.
1
993
,
pp
.
1
60
-
169
.
[
18]
M.
A.
M
a
r
s
a
n
a
n
d
G.
C
hi
o
l
a
,
“
O
n
P
e
t
r
i
ne
t
s
w
i
t
h
de
t
e
r
m
i
n
i
s
t
i
c
a
nd
e
xpo
ne
n
t
i
a
l
l
y
di
s
t
r
i
b
ut
e
d
f
i
r
i
ng
t
i
m
e
s
,
”
in
A
dv
an
c
e
s
in
P
e
t
r
i
N
e
t
s
1
987
.
B
e
r
l
i
n,
G
e
r
m
a
ny
:
S
pr
i
ng
e
r
-
V
e
r
l
a
g
,
1
9
87,
pp
.
146
-
16
1.
[
19]
A.
Z
i
m
m
e
r
m
a
nn
,
M.
K
no
ke
,
A.
H
uc
k,
a
n
d
G.
H
o
m
m
e
l
,
“
T
ow
ar
d
s
v
e
r
s
i
on
4.
0
of
T
i
m
e
N
E
T
,
”
in
P
r
o
c
.
13
t
h
G
I
/
I
T
G
C
o
nf
.
M
e
a
s
.
,
M
o
de
l
i
ng
E
v
a
l
.
C
o
m
put
.
C
o
m
m
un.
S
y
s
t
.
,
200
6,
pp
.
4
77
-
480.
[
20]
H.
A.
P.
B
l
o
m
,
J.
K
r
y
s
t
ul
,
G.
J.
B
a
kk
e
r
,
M.
B.
K
l
o
m
ps
t
r
a
,
a
n
d
B.
K
l
e
i
n
O
b
bi
n
k,
“
F
r
e
e
f
l
i
g
ht
c
o
l
l
i
s
i
o
n
r
i
s
k
e
s
t
i
m
a
t
i
o
n
by
s
e
que
n
t
i
a
l
M
o
nt
e
C
a
r
l
o
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
,
”
in
S
t
oc
h
as
t
i
c
H
y
b
r
i
d
Sy
s
t
e
m
s
;
R
e
c
e
nt
D
e
v
e
l
opm
e
nt
s
and
R
e
s
e
ar
c
h
T
r
e
nds
,
C.
G.
C
a
s
s
a
nd
r
a
s
a
nd
J.
L
y
g
e
r
o
s
,
E
d
s
.
N
e
w
Y
o
r
k:
T
a
y
l
o
r
&
F
r
a
nc
i
s
,
2007
.
[
21]
M.
G
h
a
z
e
l
,
“
U
s
i
ng
s
t
o
c
ha
s
t
i
c
P
e
t
r
i
n
e
t
s
f
o
r
l
e
v
e
l
-
c
r
o
s
s
i
ng
c
o
l
l
i
s
i
o
n
r
i
s
k
a
s
s
e
s
s
m
e
nt
,
”
I
E
E
E
T
r
ans
.
I
n
t
e
l
l
.
T
r
an
s
p.
Sy
s
t
.,
v
o
l
.
10
,
no
.
4,
pp
.
668
-
67
7,
20
09
.
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