T
E
L
KO
M
NIK
A
Ind
o
n
es
i
an
Jou
r
n
al
o
f
E
le
ctric
al
E
n
g
ineer
ing
V
ol
. 1
3
, No.
1,
J
a
nu
ar
y
2
01
5,
pp
. 1
~
9
DO
I: 1
0.
11
5
91
/t
el
k
om
ni
k
a.v
1
3
i
1
.
64
3
7
1
Rec
ei
v
ed
O
c
tob
er
4
, 2
01
4
;
Rev
i
s
ed
N
ov
em
be
r
1
7
, 2
01
4
; A
c
c
ep
t
ed
D
ec
em
be
r
1
0
,
20
14
Magne
ticall
y
Co
nt
rolle
d
Q
ua
nt
u
m T
ele
po
r
tat
i
on
Using
th
e Bl
och
Cat
al
y
s
t
M
o
se
s E
t
e
r
igh
o
E
m
eter
e
Cov
e
n
a
n
t
Un
i
v
e
rs
i
ty
,
Ca
n
a
a
n
l
a
n
d
,
P.M
.B
1
0
2
3
,
Ota
,
O
g
u
n
S
ta
te
,
Ni
g
e
ri
a
e
m
a
i
l
:
m
o
s
e
s
.
e
m
e
te
re
@
c
o
v
e
n
a
n
tu
n
i
v
e
rs
i
ty
.e
d
u
.n
g
Ab
strac
t
Q
u
a
n
tu
m
te
l
e
p
o
rta
t
i
o
n
i
s
a
t
i
ts
a
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
re
s
e
a
rc
h
s
t
a
g
e
a
n
d
h
a
s
a
t
tra
c
te
d
m
o
re
n
o
v
e
l
d
i
s
c
o
v
e
ri
e
s
i
n
re
c
e
n
t
t
i
m
e
.
Th
e
Bl
o
c
h
NM
R
was
u
s
e
d
to
h
i
g
h
l
i
g
h
t
th
e
s
p
e
c
i
fi
c
a
ti
o
n
fo
r
th
e
c
o
n
s
tru
c
ti
o
n
o
f
a
v
i
rtu
a
l
M
a
g
n
e
ti
c
-
Not
(M
-
Not
)
g
a
te
to
a
n
a
l
y
z
e
a
two
tra
n
s
-
s
e
c
ti
o
n
a
l
m
u
l
t
i
p
l
e
a
rb
i
tra
r
y
s
ta
te
s
.
A
n
e
w
v
e
rs
i
o
n
o
f
q
u
a
n
tu
m
m
a
n
i
p
u
l
a
ti
o
n
f
o
r
e
n
ta
n
g
l
e
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
d
i
s
e
n
ta
n
g
l
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
p
a
rti
c
l
e
s
wa
s
i
n
tr
o
d
u
c
e
d
.
A
n
e
w
q
u
a
n
t
i
ty
k
n
o
wn
a
s
th
e
p
a
rti
c
l
e
fi
l
te
r
wa
s
d
i
s
c
o
v
e
r
e
d
.
Th
e
p
a
rti
c
l
e
-
fi
l
te
r
a
c
t
s
l
i
k
e
a
c
a
ta
l
y
s
t
v
i
a
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
tra
n
s
v
e
r
s
e
a
n
d
l
o
n
g
i
tu
d
i
n
a
l
re
l
a
x
a
ti
o
n
s
to
s
p
e
e
d
-
u
p
t
e
l
e
p
o
rt
a
ti
o
n
o
f
s
i
n
g
l
e
q
u
b
i
t
s
ta
te
fro
m
th
e
s
e
n
d
e
r
to
th
e
i
n
te
rm
e
d
i
a
ry
a
n
d
t
h
e
n
t
o
t
h
e
re
c
e
i
v
e
r.
T
h
e
e
f
fi
c
i
e
n
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
M
-
Not
g
a
te
s
t
o
fi
l
te
r
b
o
th
n
o
i
s
e
a
n
d
e
x
c
i
te
d
q
u
b
i
t
s
ta
te
d
u
ri
n
g
t
e
l
e
p
o
r
ta
ti
o
n
wa
s
s
h
o
wn.
Key
w
ords
:
Bl
o
c
h
NM
R,
M
a
g
n
e
ti
c
-
No
t
g
a
t
e
,
q
u
a
n
t
u
m
t
e
l
e
p
o
r
ta
ti
o
n
,
l
o
n
g
i
tu
d
i
n
a
l
m
a
g
n
e
t
i
z
a
ti
o
n
Copy
righ
t
©
2
0
1
5
I
ns
titu
t
e
o
f
Adv
a
nc
e
d
Eng
i
ne
e
ring
a
nd
Sc
ie
nc
e
.
All
righ
t
s
re
s
e
rve
d.
1.
Int
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
T
he
B
l
oc
h
N
MR
ha
s
s
ho
wn
m
uc
h
pros
pe
c
t
tha
n
i
ts
ori
gi
n
al
d
es
i
g
n.
Its
ph
y
s
i
c
s
i
s
f
l
ex
i
b
l
e
to
f
i
t i
nto
di
f
f
erent c
on
c
ep
ts
an
d
di
s
c
i
p
l
i
ne
s
e.
g.
B
i
o
-
ph
y
s
i
c
s
, S
ol
i
d s
t
ate
ph
y
s
i
c
s
e.
t.
c
. E
arl
i
er, t
he
B
l
oc
h
NM
R
w
as
us
ed
as
a
n
i
n
v
es
t
i
g
ati
v
e
too
l
.
F
or
ex
am
pl
e,
W
i
gn
e
r
[1]
us
ed
the
B
l
oc
h
N
MR
to
i
n
v
es
ti
ga
te
th
erm
od
y
na
m
i
c
properti
es
of
s
ol
i
ds
;
A
woj
o
y
o
g
be
[2]
us
e
d
i
t
to
i
n
v
es
t
i
ga
te
th
e
bl
o
od
f
l
ow
r
a
te
an
d
ph
y
s
i
o
l
o
gi
c
a
l
prope
r
t
i
es
of
l
i
v
i
n
g t
i
s
s
ue
;
Uno
a
nd
E
m
ete
r
e [
3]
us
ed
t
he
B
l
oc
h
NMR
to
i
n
v
es
t
i
ga
te
t
he
L
on
d
on
pe
ne
tr
ati
on
d
ep
t
h
i
n
s
up
er
c
on
du
c
ti
ng
m
ate
r
i
a
l
s
;
E
m
ete
r
e
us
ed
the
B
l
oc
h
N
MR
t
o
i
n
v
es
ti
ga
t
e
t
he
R
as
hb
a
e
ne
r
g
y
f
ea
t
ures
i
n
s
pi
ntron
i
c
s
de
v
i
c
e
[4
],
wor
k
ed
ou
t
t
h
e
en
erg
y
l
ev
el
s
of
nu
c
l
e
i
us
i
ng
the
B
l
oc
h
NMR
[
5,
6],
f
urthered
t
he
B
l
oc
h
N
MR
to
r
e
-
en
f
orc
e
the
A
r
r
he
n
i
us
l
a
w
[7
],
i
ntro
du
c
ed
c
om
pl
ex
i
ti
es
of
c
om
po
un
ds
v
i
a
t
he
i
r
k
i
nd
of
r
el
ax
at
i
on
s
[
8],
us
e
d
to
e
na
c
t
a
n
e
w
c
o
nc
ep
t
i
n
c
on
de
ns
e
d
m
att
er
p
h
y
s
i
c
s
i
.e.
B
l
oc
h
i
ns
p
i
r
ed
s
pi
n
or
b
i
t
i
nte
r
ac
ti
o
ns
[9]
,
i
ntro
du
c
ed
the
m
ag
ne
ti
c
ex
c
i
tat
i
on
of
s
i
ng
l
e
s
p
i
n
d
y
n
am
i
c
s
proc
es
s
f
or
qu
an
t
um
i
nf
or
m
ati
on
[10]
.
In
thi
s
pa
pe
r
,
the
B
l
oc
h
N
MR
was
us
ed
as
the
ba
s
i
c
s
f
or
i
nv
en
ti
ng
a
v
i
r
tua
l
Ma
gn
et
i
c
-
Not
ga
t
e
whi
c
h
w
as
ex
te
ns
i
v
el
y
us
ed
f
or
an
i
m
pro
v
ed
q
ua
n
tum
tel
ep
ortat
i
o
n
s
c
he
m
e.
T
he
Q
ua
ntu
m
tel
ep
ort
ati
on
s
c
he
m
e
w
as
f
i
r
s
t
pres
en
ted
b
y
B
e
nn
et
t
et
al
[1
1].
He
wor
k
ed
on
tel
e
po
r
tat
i
o
n
of
un
k
no
w
n
s
i
ng
l
e
qu
bi
t
s
t
ate
f
r
om
a
s
en
de
r
to
a
r
ec
ei
v
er.
A
f
ter
the
n,
v
as
t
s
tud
i
es
(
ex
pe
r
i
m
en
tal
an
d
th
eo
r
et
i
c
al
)
ha
v
e
be
en
d
on
e
to
i
m
prov
e
th
e
qu
a
ntu
m
tel
ep
or
tat
i
on
s
c
he
m
e
[12
-
15
]
.
A
m
on
g
no
t
ab
l
e
t
r
an
s
i
ti
on
s
of
the
qu
an
t
um
tel
e
po
r
tat
i
o
n
s
c
h
em
e
w
ere
the
us
e
of
qu
an
tum
c
on
tr
ol
l
ed
te
l
e
po
r
tat
i
on
s
c
he
m
e
[16
,
17
]
an
d
qu
an
t
um
s
ec
r
et
s
ha
r
i
ng
s
c
he
m
e
[18
].
Rec
en
t
l
y
,
S
hi
et
al
[16
]
c
a
m
e
up
wi
th
an
i
d
ea
-
us
i
ng
the
Con
tr
ol
l
er
-
Not
ga
t
e
t
o
tel
ep
ort
m
ul
ti
-
qu
b
i
t
f
r
o
m
m
ul
ti
pl
e
s
en
de
r
s
to
a
s
i
ng
l
e
r
ec
ei
v
er.
H
e
di
d
n
ot
ac
c
ou
nt
f
or
the
pre
s
en
c
e
of
no
i
s
e
an
d
ex
c
i
ted
qu
b
i
t
s
tat
e
f
r
om
the
m
ul
ti
pl
e
s
en
d
ers
.
In
thi
s
pa
pe
r
,
t
he
m
ul
ti
-
q
ub
i
t
was
tel
ep
ort
ed
f
r
o
m
m
ul
ti
pl
e
s
en
d
ers
to
s
pe
c
i
f
i
c
l
oc
at
i
on
s
of
l
arge
r
ec
ei
v
ers
b
y
a
t
wo
tr
an
s
-
s
e
c
ti
on
a
l
s
c
he
m
e
c
o
m
pris
i
ng
of
the
s
en
d
er,
i
nte
r
m
ed
i
ar
y
an
d
r
ec
e
i
v
er.
T
he
pres
en
c
e
of
no
i
s
e
a
n
d
ex
c
i
te
d
qu
b
i
t
s
tat
es
wer
e
d
i
s
c
ov
er
ed
i
n
a
l
arge
qu
a
ntu
m
tel
ep
ortat
i
o
n
s
c
he
m
e.
T
he
V
i
r
tu
al
M
ag
ne
ti
c
–
Not
(
M
-
Not) gat
e
w
as
propos
e
d t
o
el
i
m
i
na
t
e t
h
e n
o
i
s
e a
nd
qu
b
i
t s
tat
es
.
2.
Re
se
a
r
ch M
eth
o
d
In
thi
s
s
ec
ti
on
,
a
m
ath
e
m
ati
c
al
al
go
r
i
thm
to
de
s
c
r
i
be
i
n
de
t
ai
l
the
tr
a
ns
l
ati
o
na
l
m
e
c
ha
ni
c
a
l
prop
erti
es
of
the
B
l
oc
h
NM
R
eq
ua
t
i
on
was
de
v
el
op
e
d.
S
am
pl
e
of
the
ato
m
i
c
c
r
y
s
tal
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N: 23
02
-
4
04
6
T
E
L
KO
M
NIK
A
V
ol
.
13
,
No
. 1
, J
an
ua
r
y
20
15
:
1
–
9
2
s
tr
uc
ture
w
as
an
a
l
y
z
e
d
i
n
t
he
r
ot
ati
ng
f
r
a
m
e
of
m
ag
ne
ti
z
ati
on
gi
v
e
n
b
y
th
e
a
b
-
i
n
i
t
i
o
B
l
o
c
h
NM
R
eq
ua
ti
o
ns
[3
-
1
0].
(
1)
(
2)
(
3)
W
h
ere
i
s
the
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
di
ff
erenc
e
be
t
w
e
en
L
arm
or
fr
eq
ue
nc
y
an
d
th
e
f
r
a
m
e
of
r
ef
erenc
e,
i
s
t
he
Rab
i
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
,
i
s
th
e
L
arm
or
f
r
eq
ue
nc
y
,
,
are
th
e
tr
an
s
v
ers
e
m
ag
ne
t
i
z
at
i
on
,
i
s
th
e
l
on
gi
t
ud
i
na
l
m
ag
ne
t
i
z
ati
on
,
i
s
the
eq
ui
l
i
br
i
um
m
ag
ne
ti
z
ati
on
.
T
he
pa
r
ti
c
l
e
s
i
s
as
s
um
ed
to
m
ov
e
at
a
v
e
l
oc
i
t
y
V
e
a
nd
V
h
thro
ug
h
di
s
tan
c
es
L
h
&
L
e
f
r
o
m
th
e s
ou
r
c
e t
o
i
ts
d
e
s
ti
na
t
i
on
.
W
e i
ntrodu
c
e t
h
e
pa
r
am
ete
r
s
(
4)
(
5)
(
6)
W
h
ere
and
T
he
ob
j
ec
ti
v
e
of
the
term
s
i
n
eq
ua
t
i
on
(4
-
6)
was
to
i
ntrodu
c
e
t
he
p
arti
c
l
e
v
e
l
oc
i
t
y
i
nto
the
a
b
-
i
n
i
t
i
o
B
l
oc
h
NMR
e
qu
at
i
on
s
.
T
he
r
ef
ore
th
e
tr
an
s
l
at
i
o
na
l
ti
m
e
-
i
nd
e
pe
n
de
nt
m
ec
ha
ni
c
al
propert
i
es
of
th
e
ne
w
B
l
oc
h
NMR e
qu
ati
on
s
w
ere
de
v
e
l
op
ed
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
eq
u
ati
on
(
7
-
9).
(
7)
(
8)
(
9)
E
x
pe
r
i
m
en
tal
l
y
,
the
f
r
eq
ue
nc
y
i
s
ad
j
us
ted
s
l
o
wl
y
to
a
tta
i
n
r
es
on
an
c
e
.
T
hi
s
proc
es
s
i
s
k
no
w
n
as
the
s
tea
d
y
B
l
oc
h
s
tat
e.
T
he
s
tea
d
y
s
tat
e
oc
c
urs
when
th
e
r
ate
of
c
ha
ng
e
of
m
ag
ne
ti
z
ati
on
al
o
ng
t
he
ax
es
x
,
y
a
nd
z
i
s
c
on
s
tan
t
i
n t
h
e rot
ati
ng
f
r
a
m
e.
Her
e,
or
or
are pr
oto
t
y
p
es
of
s
tat
i
c
s
pi
n s
us
c
ep
ti
b
i
l
i
t
y
whi
c
h
we a
s
s
um
ed
to
b
e
z
ero
w
he
n t
h
e s
y
s
t
em
i
s
at
i
t
s
s
tea
d
y
s
t
ate
.
(
10
)
(
11
)
(
12
)
T
he
s
ol
uti
o
n
of
the
a
bo
v
e
e
qu
at
i
on
s
c
an
be
arr
an
ge
d
i
n
m
atri
x
f
or
m
an
d
s
ol
v
ed
u
s
i
ng
th
e
m
atri
x
al
g
eb
r
a
as
s
ho
w
n
be
l
o
w
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KO
M
NIK
A
IS
S
N: 2
30
2
-
4
04
6
Ma
gn
eti
c
al
l
y
Con
tr
ol
l
ed
Q
u
an
tu
m Te
l
ep
o
r
tat
i
on
Us
i
ng
the
B
l
oc
h
…
(
M
os
es
E
ter
i
gh
o E
me
tere)
3
(
13
)
T
he
i
nv
ers
e
m
atri
x
o
f
the
c
oe
f
f
i
c
i
en
ts
of
,
and
w
ere
c
on
s
tr
uc
ted
be
i
ng
m
i
nd
f
ul
of
the
s
i
gn
s
of
c
of
ac
tor
s
an
d
tr
an
s
po
s
i
ng
l
ate
r
to
g
et
the
a
dj
oi
nt
m
atri
x
.
T
he
s
tea
d
y
s
ta
te
s
ol
ut
i
on
s
of
the
B
l
oc
h
eq
ua
t
i
on
s
i
n t
he
r
ota
t
i
ng
f
r
am
e o
f
r
e
f
erenc
e a
r
e
:
(
13
b)
(
13
c
)
(
13
d)
T
he
s
e
s
ol
ut
i
on
s
di
r
ec
t
l
y
gi
v
e
the
f
r
eq
ue
nc
y
r
es
po
ns
e
of
the
m
ag
ne
t
i
z
at
i
on
an
d
the
m
ea
s
ured
s
i
gn
a
l
s
of
a
s
pi
n
s
y
s
tem
i
.e
.
c
ha
r
ac
teri
z
e
d
b
y
th
e
l
on
g
i
tud
i
na
l
an
d
tr
an
s
v
ers
e
r
e
l
a
x
ati
on
ti
m
es
and
.
T
he
f
i
r
s
t
ap
proac
h
t
o
w
ards
s
ol
v
i
ng
the
r
em
od
el
e
d
B
l
oc
h
NMR
s
i
gn
a
l
i
s
to
as
s
um
e
a
l
ab
orator
y
f
r
am
ew
ork
w
he
r
e
the
s
i
g
na
l
s
are
no
t
i
n
f
r
ac
ti
on
s
f
or
a
m
an
y
-
bo
d
y
s
y
s
tem
i
.e.
and
.
T
he
ne
w
s
te
ad
y
s
ta
te
s
ol
u
ti
o
n
of
the
B
l
oc
h
e
q
ua
ti
on
i
s
w
r
i
tte
n
as
:
(
14
)
(
15
)
(
16
)
T
he
s
e
s
ol
uti
o
ns
di
r
ec
t
l
y
gi
v
e
the
f
r
eq
ue
nc
y
r
es
po
ns
e
of
the
m
ag
ne
ti
z
ati
on
.
T
hi
s
i
de
a
g
i
v
es
the
po
s
s
i
bi
l
i
ti
es
of
qu
a
nt
i
tat
i
v
el
y
c
al
c
u
l
at
i
ng
t
he
m
ea
s
ured
s
i
gn
a
l
i
f
a
s
pi
n
s
y
s
t
em
i
s
c
h
arac
teri
z
ed
b
y
r
el
ax
at
i
on
t
i
m
es
and
.
W
e
c
an
r
ec
ov
er
the
us
u
al
l
o
ng
i
tud
i
n
al
m
ag
ne
ti
z
at
i
on
on
the
as
s
u
m
pti
on
.
T
he
ter
m
i
s
proport
i
on
al
to
t
he
r
ad
i
o
f
r
eq
ue
nc
y
p
o
w
er
P
.
A
t
the
s
tat
e o
f
no
s
a
turat
i
on
i
.
e.
f
or l
o
w
p
o
w
er
P
, t
hi
s
te
r
m
(
)
i
s
s
m
al
l
i
.e
.
.
(
17
)
A
n
a
l
t
ernat
i
v
e
m
ea
s
ure
was
ad
o
pte
d
i
.
e.
r
ed
uc
i
n
g
t
he
l
on
g
i
tu
di
na
l
m
ag
ne
ti
z
at
i
on
wi
tho
ut
an
y
as
s
u
m
pti
on
s
.
(
18
)
W
e
s
ha
l
l
i
ntro
du
c
e
the
v
el
oc
i
t
y
p
aram
ete
r
s
to
an
al
y
s
e
th
e
d
y
n
am
i
c
s
of
the
r
el
a
x
ati
on
t
i
m
es
on
the
q
ub
i
t trans
f
er bet
wee
n t
wo k
no
wn e
q
ua
t
i
o
ns
.
(
18
b)
Rec
al
l
tha
t
t
he
m
ag
ni
tu
de
of
i
s
v
er
y
s
m
al
l
,
the
r
ef
o
r
e,
.
T
he
ti
m
e
r
ate
of
c
ha
ng
e
of
th
e
l
on
gi
t
ud
i
na
l
m
ag
ne
ti
z
at
i
on
i
s
i
m
po
r
tan
t
ex
pe
r
i
m
en
tal
l
y
to
es
ti
m
ate
th
e
m
ul
ti
p
l
e
qu
an
tum
c
oh
erenc
e a
nd
t
h
e d
y
na
m
i
c
s
of
th
e q
ua
ntu
m
en
ta
ng
l
em
en
t.
(
19
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N: 23
02
-
4
04
6
T
E
L
KO
M
NIK
A
V
ol
.
13
,
No
. 1
, J
an
ua
r
y
20
15
:
1
–
9
4
i
s
t
he
ac
c
el
erat
i
o
n
of
th
e
pa
r
ti
c
l
es
w
h
i
c
h
s
h
al
l
b
e
a
p
pl
i
ed
to
the
te
l
ep
ortat
i
on
to
en
h
an
c
e
the
ef
f
i
c
i
en
c
y
of
the
v
i
r
t
u
al
M
ag
n
et
i
c
-
Not
ga
te.
F
or
s
ol
i
ds
,
the
m
ul
ti
pl
e
q
ua
nt
um
(
MQ
)
s
pi
n
d
y
n
am
i
c
s
i
s
de
s
c
r
i
be
d a
s
an
d
de
f
i
ne
d
b
y
th
e L
i
o
uv
i
l
l
e
-
V
on
N
eu
m
an
as
:
(
20
)
A
t th
erm
al
eq
u
i
l
i
bri
um
, th
e s
ol
ut
i
on
of
th
e a
bo
v
e
eq
u
ati
on
b
ec
om
es
:
(
21
)
W
h
ere
as
s
ho
wn
i
n e
qu
a
ti
on
(
17
)
,
H i
s
t
he
g
en
er
i
c
Ha
m
i
l
ton
i
a
n g
i
v
en
as
:
(
21
b)
i
s
ex
pres
s
ed
on
th
e
s
pi
n
ba
s
i
s
prod
uc
t
s
tat
es
as
,
,
and
.
T
he
r
ef
ore the
m
atri
x
de
s
c
r
i
bi
n
g t
h
e e
q
ui
l
i
briu
m
m
ag
ne
ti
z
ati
on
c
a
n b
e
w
r
i
tt
en
as
:
(
22
)
F
r
o
m
E
qu
at
i
o
n (21), t
he
f
ul
l
ex
pres
s
i
on
of
th
e
l
on
gi
t
ud
i
na
l
m
ag
ne
t
i
z
at
i
on
c
a
n b
e g
i
v
en
as
:
(
23
)
i
s
k
no
w
n
as
the
pa
r
t
i
c
l
e
f
i
l
ter,
i
s
the
r
ate
of
c
h
an
ge
of
the
ph
as
e
an
g
l
e.
B
ef
ore E
qu
a
ti
o
n (2
3) i
s
a
pp
l
i
e
d,
a
c
om
prehen
s
i
v
e u
ni
t
of
ei
gh
t
-
pa
r
t
y
c
as
e
i
s
i
n
v
es
t
i
ga
t
ed
i
n
t
wo
tr
a
ns
-
s
ec
ti
on
s
.
T
he
f
i
r
s
t
s
ec
ti
on
i
s
m
ad
e
up
of
fou
r
-
pa
r
t
y
c
om
pris
i
ng
th
e
s
e
nd
ers
(
pa
r
t
i
c
l
e
1&
2)
an
d
the
i
nt
erm
ed
i
arie
s
(
pa
r
ti
c
l
e
3&
4).
T
he
s
ec
on
d
s
ec
ti
on
i
s
m
ad
e
up
o
f
s
i
x
-
pa
r
t
y
i
.
e.
t
w
o
i
nte
r
m
ed
i
ari
es
(
no
w
ac
t
i
ng
as
the
s
ec
on
d
ar
y
s
en
de
r
s
i
.e.
3
&
4)
an
d
f
ou
r
r
ec
ei
v
er
s
(
6,
7,
8,
9).
T
he
un
k
no
wn
arb
i
tr
ar
y
m
ul
ti
-
qu
b
i
t
s
tat
es
f
or
th
e
t
wo
p
r
i
m
ary
s
en
de
r
s
are
an
d
.
Her
e,
the
m
ul
ti
-
qu
bi
t
s
tat
es
ar
e d
es
c
r
i
be
d m
ath
em
ati
c
al
l
y
as
:
(
24
)
(
25
)
,
,
,
,
,
,
and
are c
om
pl
ex
n
um
be
r
s
w
hi
c
h s
at
i
s
f
y
th
e
n
orm
al
i
z
at
i
on
c
o
nd
i
ti
on
s
.
(
26
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KO
M
NIK
A
IS
S
N: 2
30
2
-
4
04
6
Ma
gn
eti
c
al
l
y
Con
tr
ol
l
ed
Q
u
an
tu
m Te
l
ep
o
r
tat
i
on
Us
i
ng
the
B
l
oc
h
…
(
M
os
es
E
ter
i
gh
o E
me
tere)
5
E
qu
ati
on
(
2
3)
i
s
ex
pres
s
ed
i
n
eq
u
ati
on
(
27
)
as
the
v
ec
t
or
of
the
s
tat
e
i
.
e.
wi
th
r
es
p
ec
t
to
the
c
om
m
un
i
c
ati
o
n
b
et
w
e
en
t
he
di
r
ec
t
s
en
d
ers
(
1&
2
pa
r
ti
c
l
es
)
an
d
i
nt
erm
ed
i
ari
es
(
3
&
4
pa
r
ti
c
l
es
)
as
s
ho
w
n
i
n F
i
g
ure
1
.
(
27
)
To
pe
r
f
or
m
the
B
el
l
m
ea
s
urem
en
t,
E
qu
at
i
o
n
(
27
)
i
s
tr
an
s
f
or
m
ed
i
nto
t
he
B
e
l
l
s
t
ate
b
y
m
ak
i
ng
i
n
order
to
s
at
i
s
f
y
t
he
us
ua
l
f
i
v
e
pa
r
t
i
c
l
e
e
nta
ng
l
em
en
t
s
tat
e
i
.e.
us
ed
b
y
B
en
ne
tt
et
a
l
.
[
11
] T
he
s
e
n
de
r
-
i
nt
erm
ed
i
ar
y
p
ai
r
was
a
do
pt
ed
i
.e.
(
1
,3)
a
nd
(
2,
4).
(
28
)
Unl
i
k
e
the
Co
ntrol
l
e
d
-
Not
(
C
-
Not)
ga
t
e,
t
he
Ma
g
ne
t
i
c
-
Not
(
M
-
Not)
do
es
no
t
c
h
an
ge
th
e
c
on
tr
ol
pa
r
ti
c
l
e
be
c
au
s
e
of
the
c
ha
n
gi
ng
tr
an
s
v
ers
e
an
d
l
o
ng
i
tud
i
n
al
r
e
l
ax
a
ti
o
ns
du
r
i
n
g
op
erat
i
o
n.
T
he
M
-
Not
ga
t
e
be
ha
v
es
l
i
k
e
the
C
-
Not
ga
t
e
when
t
wo
M
-
Not
g
ate
s
a
r
e
us
ed
wi
th
i
n
the
op
era
ti
o
na
l
s
ett
i
n
g.
T
o
un
de
r
s
tan
d
t
he
arr
an
g
e
m
en
t
of
the
pa
r
t
i
c
l
e
-
f
i
l
ter,
the
H
ad
am
ard
tr
an
s
f
or
m
ati
on
H
whi
c
h re
p
r
es
en
ts
pa
r
t
i
c
l
e
5 a
n
d 1
0 i
s
w
r
i
tt
en
as
:
(
29
)
(
29
b)
T
hu
s
, th
e i
n
i
t
i
a
l
s
tat
es
of
th
e p
art
i
c
l
es
are
:
(
30
)
F
i
gu
r
e
1.
E
i
g
ht
p
art
y
c
on
tr
o
l
l
e
d t
e
l
e
po
r
tat
i
o
n
T
he
s
ec
ure qu
an
tum
c
ha
nn
el
s
on
bo
t
h p
oi
n
t
3
an
d
po
i
nt
4
c
a
n b
e
w
r
i
tt
en
r
es
p
ec
ti
v
e
l
y
as
:
(
31
)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9
8
8
10
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
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02
-
4
04
6
T
E
L
KO
M
NIK
A
V
ol
.
13
,
No
. 1
, J
an
ua
r
y
20
15
:
1
–
9
6
T
hi
s
c
an
be
s
i
m
pl
i
f
i
ed
as
:
(
32
)
(
32
b)
(
33
)
(
33
b)
P
oi
nt
10
i
s
m
ad
e
u
p
of
t
h
e
s
ec
on
d
M
-
N
ot
ga
te
w
h
i
c
h
a
l
l
o
w
s
f
or
the
c
ha
n
ge
of
targe
t
p
arti
c
l
e.
T
he
i
nte
r
m
ed
i
ar
y
-
r
ec
ei
v
er
pa
i
r
i
.
e.
(
3,
6),
(
3,
7),
(
4,8
)
an
d
(
4
,9)
m
a
k
es
-
up
the
s
e
c
on
d
s
ec
ti
on
.
T
he
pa
i
r
i
s
i
n c
o
nf
or
m
i
t
y
w
i
t
h t
he
E
i
ns
te
i
n
-
P
od
o
l
s
k
y
-
Ro
s
en
(
E
P
R)
pa
i
r
(
34
)
T
hu
s
, th
e f
i
na
l
s
tat
es
of
th
e
pa
r
ti
c
l
es
are
:
(
35
)
W
e
ap
pl
y
the
r
em
od
el
ed
H
ad
am
ard tr
an
s
f
or
m
ati
on
s
to
E
qu
ati
on
(
3
5) to s
i
m
pl
i
f
y
t
h
e f
i
r
s
t s
ec
ti
on
,
(
36
)
A
l
s
o,
the
s
am
e p
r
oc
es
s
i
s
a
pp
l
i
ed
to
t
he
s
ec
o
nd
s
ec
t
i
o
n i
.
e.
E
qu
a
ti
o
n (37)
.
(
37
)
(
38
)
W
i
tho
ut
l
os
s
of
ge
ne
r
a
l
i
t
y
,
t
he
s
ec
ure q
ua
ntu
m
c
ha
nn
e
l
i
s
w
r
i
tte
n
as
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KO
M
NIK
A
IS
S
N: 2
30
2
-
4
04
6
Ma
gn
eti
c
al
l
y
Con
tr
ol
l
ed
Q
u
an
tu
m Te
l
ep
o
r
tat
i
on
Us
i
ng
the
B
l
oc
h
…
(
M
os
es
E
ter
i
gh
o E
me
tere)
7
(
39
)
T
he
en
tan
gl
em
en
t
(
)
of
the
f
i
r
s
t
s
ec
ti
on
was
di
s
e
nta
ng
l
ed
b
y
c
o
l
l
ap
s
i
ng
t
he
gi
v
en
s
t
ate
i
nt
o t
hre
e p
arti
c
l
es
i
.e.
6,
7 a
n
d 1
0.
E
qu
ati
o
n (36) c
an
be
w
r
i
tte
n a
s
:
(
40
)
T
he
en
tan
g
l
em
en
t
(
)
of
the
s
ec
on
d
s
ec
ti
on
w
as
a
l
s
o
di
s
en
tan
gl
ed
b
y
c
ol
l
ap
s
i
ng
the
gi
v
en
s
t
ate
i
nt
o t
hre
e
p
arti
c
l
es
i
.e.
8,
9 a
n
d 1
0.
T
he
s
ec
ured q
ua
n
tum
c
ha
nn
el
i
s
wr
i
tte
n
as
:
(
41
)
B
oth
pa
r
t
i
c
l
es
6
a
nd
7
r
ec
e
i
v
e
th
e
targ
et
pa
r
ti
c
l
e
i
n
t
he
f
or
m
of
E
qu
ati
on
(
4
0)
an
d
are
f
i
l
tere
d
b
y
i
nto
i
ts
r
es
pe
c
ti
v
e
l
oc
ati
on
us
i
ng
a
m
ag
ne
t
i
c
r
e
-
order
i
n
g
of
s
i
gn
al
.
E
q
ua
t
i
on
(
4
0)
c
an
be
w
r
i
tte
n
i
n t
he
f
orm
[1
9].
(
42
)
T
he
s
ec
on
d M
-
No
t g
a
te
d
e
c
ou
pl
es
E
q
ua
t
i
on
(
42
)
i
n t
h
e
f
or
m
at
s
ho
wn b
el
o
w
:
(
43
)
(
44
)
W
h
en
,
the
and
v
a
ni
s
h
es
,
l
i
k
ewi
s
e
.
i
s
pres
erv
ed
be
c
au
s
e
i
t
i
s
t
he
qu
b
i
t g
r
o
un
d
s
tat
e.
T
he
r
ef
ore
:
T
he
po
i
nt
6
a
nd
7 rec
ei
v
es
th
e s
i
gn
a
l
as
e
i
th
er
:
(
45
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N: 23
02
-
4
04
6
T
E
L
KO
M
NIK
A
V
ol
.
13
,
No
. 1
, J
an
ua
r
y
20
15
:
1
–
9
8
(
46
)
T
he
s
tr
an
ge
qu
b
i
t
s
t
ate
s
and
are
r
ec
e
i
v
ed
at
bo
t
h
po
i
nt
6
&
7
i
n
th
e
f
or
m
o
f
no
i
s
e.
L
i
k
ewi
s
e,
E
q
ua
ti
on
(
4
1) i
s
c
on
c
l
ud
ed
as
(
47
)
(
48
)
T
he
s
tr
an
ge
qu
b
i
t
s
tat
es
and
are
r
ec
ei
v
e
d
at
po
i
nt
8
a
nd
9
i
n
t
he
f
or
m
of
no
i
s
e.
W
he
n
,
the
and
are
pres
erv
ed
l
i
k
e
.
v
an
i
s
he
s
be
c
au
s
e
i
t
ha
s
as
c
en
d
ed
i
nto
an
ex
c
i
t
ed
s
tat
e.
T
he
r
ef
ore, th
e
ex
c
i
ted
s
tat
e c
o
ul
d b
e
w
r
i
tt
en
a
s
:
(
49
)
3.
Re
sult
s
a
n
d
A
n
al
y
s
is
T
he
pa
r
ti
c
l
e
f
i
l
ter
(
)
–
k
no
wn
as
t
he
B
l
oc
h
c
ata
l
y
s
t
v
an
i
s
he
s
f
or
e
i
the
r
or
.
T
hi
s
r
es
ul
t
s
ho
w
s
th
e
g
en
e
r
al
c
ha
r
ac
ter
i
s
ti
c
s
of
c
ata
l
y
s
t
i
.e.
t
he
y
s
pe
ed
-
up
r
ea
c
ti
on
s
an
d
do
no
t
ac
t
as
a
m
i
x
ture.
T
he
c
ata
l
y
t
i
c
na
t
ure
of
the
pa
r
ti
c
l
e
f
i
l
ter
(
)
w
as
prov
ed
m
ath
e
m
ati
c
a
l
l
y
b
y
i
ts
de
f
i
ni
t
i
o
n
i
n
E
qu
ati
on
(
23
)
.
F
or
ex
am
pl
e,
at
t
he
r
ec
e
i
v
er
(
6,
7,
8,
9)
th
e
s
pe
c
i
f
i
c
s
i
ng
l
e
q
ub
i
t
s
tat
es
are
de
v
oi
d
of
the
term
.
T
he
r
ef
ore
i
t
i
s
aff
i
r
m
ed
tha
t
the
p
arti
c
l
e
f
i
l
ter
ac
ts
l
i
k
e
a c
ata
l
y
s
t
-
m
ea
nt
to
s
pe
ed
-
up
the
r
a
te
of
qu
an
tum
tel
ep
orta
ti
o
n.
Unl
i
k
e
the
Ref
erenc
e
[16
],
the
v
i
r
t
ua
l
Ma
gn
eti
c
-
No
t
ga
te
ha
s
prov
e
n
to
be
a
pp
l
i
c
ab
l
e
-
i
n
two
or
m
ore
tr
an
s
-
s
ec
ti
on
a
l
qu
a
ntu
m
tel
e
po
r
tat
i
o
n
of
m
ul
ti
p
l
e
arbi
tr
ar
y
s
t
at
es
f
r
o
m
m
ul
ti
pl
e
s
en
de
r
s
t
o
a
l
ar
ge
nu
m
be
r
of
r
ec
ei
v
ers
wi
th
10
0%
r
ec
o
v
er
y
o
n
a
s
ec
ured
qu
a
ntu
m
c
ha
nn
e
l
.
Unl
i
k
e
the
C
-
N
ot
g
ate
[16
,
17
],
the
M
-
Not
ga
te
i
s
a
m
ore
s
en
s
i
ti
v
e
d
ev
i
c
e
w
hi
c
h
i
s
ab
l
e
to
f
i
l
t
er
no
i
s
e
a
nd
ex
c
i
te
d
qu
bi
t
s
t
ate
s
f
r
o
m
the
orig
i
na
l
ar
bi
tr
ar
y
s
t
ate
s
as
s
ho
w
n
b
y
th
e
r
ed
l
i
ne
s
i
n
E
qu
at
i
on
(
45
-
4
8).
Li
k
e
C
-
Not
ga
tes
,
M
-
Not
ga
tes
wor
k
on
t
he
prin
c
i
pl
e
th
at
the
pa
r
t
i
c
l
e
of
th
e
f
i
r
s
t
c
on
tr
ol
l
er
i
s
t
he
c
o
ntro
l
pa
r
t
i
c
l
e.
T
hi
s
oc
c
urr
en
c
e s
ati
s
f
i
es
th
e v
al
i
di
t
y
of
th
e m
ath
em
ati
c
al
pr
oc
ed
ure
us
ed
i
n t
hi
s
p
ap
er [16
-
18
]
. A
ne
w
m
ath
e
m
ati
c
al
tec
hn
i
q
ue
was
propo
un
d
ed
i
.
e.
E
q
ua
ti
on
(
41
)
r
ep
r
es
e
nts
a
ne
w
qu
an
tum
m
an
i
pu
l
at
i
o
n
f
or
di
s
en
t
an
gl
i
ng
qu
a
ntu
m
c
ha
nn
e
l
s
at
the
r
ec
ei
v
ers
-
en
d
.
T
hi
s
i
s
a
m
aj
or
ac
hi
e
v
em
en
t
be
c
a
us
e
th
e
r
ec
ei
v
ers
-
en
d
are
us
ua
l
l
y
probl
em
ati
c
as
s
ec
urit
y
of
the
i
nf
or
m
ati
on
an
d t
he
c
l
arit
y
of
th
e m
es
s
a
ge
r
ec
ei
v
ed
.
4.
Co
n
clus
ion
T
he
M
-
Not
ga
te
ha
s
s
ho
wn
m
ore
r
el
i
ab
i
l
i
t
y
an
d
s
en
s
i
ti
v
i
t
y
i
n
s
ep
arati
ng
e
i
the
r
n
oi
s
e
or
ex
c
i
ted
q
ub
i
t
s
tat
es
f
r
o
m
or
di
n
ar
y
arb
i
tr
ar
y
s
ta
tes
s
en
t
f
r
o
m
m
ul
ti
pl
e
s
e
nd
ers
to
a
l
arge
n
um
be
r
of
r
ec
ei
v
ers
w
i
t
hi
n
a
s
ec
u
r
ed
qu
a
ntu
m
c
ha
nn
e
l
.
A
l
s
o
the
i
ntro
du
c
ti
on
of
t
w
o
t
r
an
s
-
s
ec
ti
on
a
l
qu
an
tum
tel
ep
ort
ati
on
i
s
a
n
i
m
prov
em
en
t
on
th
e
s
et
-
up
r
ep
ort
ed
b
y
S
hi
et
a
l
[16
].
B
e
y
on
d
tel
e
po
r
tat
i
o
n
of
qu
bi
t
s
t
ate
,
we
h
av
e
pres
en
ted
the
p
art
i
c
l
e
f
i
l
ter
whi
c
h
ac
ts
l
i
k
e
a
c
ata
l
y
s
t
t
o
s
pe
ed
-
u
p
the
r
ate
of
tel
e
p
ortati
on
.
T
he
pres
e
nc
e
of
t
he
l
on
g
i
tu
di
na
l
an
d
tr
an
s
v
e
r
s
e
r
el
ax
at
i
on
s
al
s
o a
i
ds
t
he
i
nte
r
m
ed
i
ari
es
to
r
es
i
s
t c
om
pl
ex
qu
an
tum
en
ta
ng
l
em
en
t.
Ref
er
en
ce
s
[1
]
W
i
g
n
e
r
E
P.
O
n
t
h
e
q
u
a
n
tu
m
c
o
rre
c
t
i
o
n
fo
r t
h
e
rm
o
d
y
n
a
m
i
c
e
q
u
i
l
i
b
ri
u
m
.
P
h
y
s
.
Re
v
.
1
9
3
2
;
4
0
:
749
-
7
5
9
.
[2
]
Aw
o
j
o
y
o
g
b
e
O
B.
A
M
a
th
e
m
a
t
i
c
a
l
M
o
d
e
l
o
f
Bl
o
c
h
NM
R
Eq
u
a
ti
o
n
s
fo
r
Q
u
a
n
ti
ta
ti
v
e
An
a
l
y
s
i
s
o
f
Bl
o
o
d
Fl
o
w
i
n
Bl
o
o
d
Ve
s
s
e
l
s
w
i
th
Ch
a
n
g
i
n
g
Cro
s
s
-
s
e
c
ti
o
n
I
I.
P
h
y
s
i
c
a
A.
2
0
0
3
;
3
2
3
c
:
5
3
4
-
550.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KO
M
NIK
A
IS
S
N: 2
30
2
-
4
04
6
Ma
gn
eti
c
al
l
y
Con
tr
ol
l
ed
Q
u
an
tu
m Te
l
ep
o
r
tat
i
on
Us
i
ng
the
B
l
oc
h
…
(
M
os
es
E
ter
i
gh
o E
me
tere)
9
[3
]
Uno
EU
,
Em
e
te
re
M
E.
An
a
l
y
s
i
s
O
f
T
h
e
Hig
h
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
tu
re
Su
p
e
rc
o
n
d
u
c
ti
n
g
M
a
g
n
e
ti
c
Pe
n
e
tra
t
i
o
n
Dep
th
Us
i
n
g
T
h
e
B
l
o
c
h
NM
R
Eq
u
a
ti
o
n
s
.
G
l
o
b
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rs
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
i
s
t
re
v
i
e
w.
2
0
1
2
;
2
(1
):
14
-
21
[4
]
Em
e
te
r
e
M
E.
M
a
th
e
m
a
ti
c
a
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