I
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o
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ia
n
J
o
urna
l o
f
E
lect
rica
l En
g
ineering
a
nd
Co
m
pu
t
er
Science
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
2
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
20
21
,
p
p
.
8
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.i
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.
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//ij
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cs.ia
esco
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co
m
Inv
estig
a
tion o
f
e
nerg
y
ef
fici
ency
o
f
two
-
wa
y
relay
-
a
ss
isted
multi
-
ba
nd
ma
chi
ne
-
to
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ma
chi
ne co
mm
unica
tions
H
o
a
ng
T
hien Va
n
1
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Vo
T
ien
Anh
2
,
Da
nh
H
o
ng
L
3
,
Chi D
uo
ng
T
hi K
im
4
,
H
o
a
ng
-
Sy
N
g
uy
en
5
1
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Th
e
S
a
i
g
o
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I
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tern
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ti
o
n
a
l
Un
iv
e
rsity
,
Ho
Ch
i
M
i
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h
Ci
ty
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tn
a
m
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Va
n
Hie
n
Un
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rsity
,
Ho
C
h
i
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i
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h
Ci
ty
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tn
a
m
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Th
u
Da
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M
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v
e
rsity
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Th
u
D
a
u
M
o
t
Cit
y
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Vie
tn
a
m
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Bin
h
D
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o
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g
U
n
iv
e
rsit
y
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Bi
n
h
Du
o
n
g
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r
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v
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e
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Vie
tn
a
m
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
S
T
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Au
g
2
6
,
2
0
2
0
R
ev
is
ed
J
u
l
12
,
2
0
2
1
Acc
ep
ted
J
u
l
18
,
2
0
2
1
In
th
is
p
a
p
e
r,
we
imp
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
u
p
li
n
k
e
n
e
r
g
y
e
fficie
n
c
y
(EE
)
o
f
th
e
m
u
lt
i
-
b
a
n
d
m
a
c
h
in
e
-
to
-
m
a
c
h
in
e
(
M
2
M
)
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
u
n
d
e
rla
y
in
g
c
e
ll
u
lar
n
e
two
rk
s.
In
p
a
rti
c
u
lar,
b
a
se
d
o
n
th
e
th
e
o
ry
o
f
sto
c
h
a
stic
g
e
o
m
e
try
,
we
d
e
riv
e
th
e
c
lo
se
d
-
fo
rm
e
x
p
re
ss
io
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
o
u
tag
e
p
ro
b
a
b
il
it
y
(OP),
a
n
d
th
e
a
v
e
ra
g
e
e
n
e
rg
y
e
fficie
n
c
y
o
f
c
e
ll
u
lar
a
n
d
M
a
c
h
in
e
-
to
-
M
a
c
h
i
n
e
u
se
rs
i
n
tw
o
-
wa
y
c
o
o
p
e
ra
ti
v
e
re
lay
in
g
n
e
two
r
k
s
with
t
h
re
e
-
ti
m
e
-
slo
t
se
tt
i
n
g
.
We
e
n
su
re
t
h
e
q
u
a
li
t
y
o
f
se
rv
ice
(Qo
S
)
b
y
c
o
n
sid
e
rin
g
t
h
e
OP
a
n
d
t
h
e
a
v
e
ra
g
e
e
n
e
rg
y
e
fficie
n
c
y
o
f
a
ll
li
n
k
s.
It
is
c
o
n
c
lu
d
e
d
th
a
t
t
h
e
t
h
re
e
-
ti
m
e
-
slo
t
r
e
lay
-
a
id
e
d
M
a
c
h
in
e
-
to
-
M
a
c
h
in
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
c
a
n
o
ffe
r
c
o
n
si
d
e
ra
b
ly
h
ig
h
Qo
S
a
n
d
lo
w t
ra
n
sm
issio
n
p
o
we
r
fo
r
fa
irl
y
d
istan
t
m
a
c
h
in
e
-
to
-
m
a
c
h
in
e
n
e
two
rk
s.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
E
n
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
Ma
ch
in
e
-
to
-
m
ac
h
in
e
Ou
tag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
R
elay
in
g
n
etwo
r
k
T
h
r
ee
-
tim
e
-
s
lo
t
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
C
h
i D
u
o
n
g
T
h
i K
im
T
h
u
Dau
Mo
t
U
n
iv
er
s
ity
T
h
u
Dau
Mo
t
C
ity
,
Bi
n
h
Du
o
n
g
P
r
o
v
i
n
c
e
,
Vietn
am
E
m
ail:
ch
id
tk
@
td
m
u
.
ed
u
.
v
n
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
Ma
ch
in
e
-
to
-
m
ac
h
in
e
(
M2
M)
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
h
as
b
ee
n
em
er
g
in
g
as
a
p
r
o
m
is
in
g
n
etwo
r
k
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
in
ter
n
et
o
f
th
in
g
s
(
I
o
T
)
ap
p
licatio
n
s
in
tr
a
n
s
p
o
r
tatio
n
,
s
ec
u
r
ity
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
[
1
]
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
f
u
r
th
er
d
ev
elo
p
th
is
m
ac
h
in
e
ty
p
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
(
MT
C
)
in
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
th
e
u
p
co
m
in
g
f
if
th
g
en
er
atio
n
(
5
G)
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
,
r
esea
r
ch
ef
f
o
r
t
h
as
b
ee
n
p
aid
o
n
its
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
al
d
ev
i
ce
-
to
-
d
ev
ice
(
D2
D)
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
[
2
]
.
I
n
f
ac
t,
D
2
D
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
u
n
d
e
r
lay
in
g
ce
llu
lar
n
etwo
r
k
s
h
as d
r
awn
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
in
ter
est
b
ec
au
s
e
it
ca
n
p
r
o
v
id
e
b
etter
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t,
s
p
ec
tr
al
e
f
f
icien
cy
(
SE)
,
e
n
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
(
E
E
)
an
d
n
o
tab
ly
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
s
ig
n
al
laten
cy
an
d
p
o
wer
co
m
s
u
m
p
tio
n
b
y
e
x
p
lo
itin
g
th
e
d
ev
ices’
p
r
o
x
im
ity
,
wh
ic
h
wer
e
ela
b
o
r
ated
in
[
3
]
-
[
7
]
.
L
i
u
an
d
Nata
r
ajan
[
8
]
,
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
o
p
tim
ize
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
D2
D
n
etw
o
r
k
s
,
th
e
s
tu
d
y
o
n
co
m
p
r
o
m
is
in
g
th
e
s
y
s
tem
p
ar
am
eter
s
was
co
n
d
u
cted
.
B
esid
es,
au
th
o
r
s
in
[
9
]
-
[
1
2
]
ass
es
s
th
e
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
(
E
E
)
as
a
k
ey
f
ac
to
r
f
o
r
ev
alu
atio
n
o
f
D2
D
n
etw
o
r
k
s
.
Fo
r
f
u
r
th
er
im
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t,
r
elay
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
u
tili
ze
d
to
ass
is
t
th
e
d
ata
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
an
d
wer
e
in
ten
s
iv
ely
in
v
esti
g
ated
in
[
1
3
]
-
[
1
8
]
.
Fro
m
th
e
s
tu
d
ies,
it
is
o
b
v
io
u
s
th
at
th
e
s
y
s
tem
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
n
s
id
er
ed
wir
eless
n
etwo
r
k
s
ca
n
b
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
b
o
o
s
ted
ev
e
n
u
n
d
er
th
e
v
ar
iety
o
f
ch
a
n
n
el
u
n
ce
r
tain
ties
th
an
k
s
to
th
e
ex
is
ten
ce
o
f
in
te
r
m
ed
i
ate
r
elay
s
.
T
h
er
eb
y
,
two
-
way
r
elay
in
g
n
etwo
r
k
(
T
W
R
N)
ap
p
lied
in
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
wir
eles
s
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
p
o
wer
tr
an
s
f
er
(
SW
I
PT)
h
as
attr
ac
ted
s
ev
er
al
r
esear
ch
er
s
am
o
n
g
w
h
ich
ar
e
[
1
9
]
-
[
2
2
]
.
R
em
ar
k
ab
ly
,
i
n
[
2
2
]
,
th
e
au
th
o
r
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
-
b
ased
r
elay
s
elec
tio
n
s
ch
em
e
in
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
21
:
863
-
8
7
0
864
T
W
R
N
SW
I
PT
n
etwo
r
k
.
As
f
o
r
th
e
s
y
s
tem
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
e
v
alu
atio
n
,
b
esid
e
th
e
E
E
,
a
n
o
t
h
er
in
d
icato
r
b
ein
g
th
e
o
u
tag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
(
OP)
ca
n
b
e
u
tili
ze
d
as
s
h
o
wca
s
ed
in
[
2
3
]
-
[
2
6
]
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
s
ev
er
al
r
elay
in
g
p
r
o
to
co
ls
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
d
ev
el
o
p
e
d
in
[
2
7
]
-
[
2
9
]
.
I
n
s
p
ir
ed
b
y
th
e
a
b
o
v
e
s
tu
d
ies,
h
er
ein
,
we
attem
p
t
to
m
ax
i
m
ize
th
e
E
E
o
f
th
e
m
u
lti
-
h
o
p
two
-
way
M2
M
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
u
n
d
er
la
y
in
g
ce
llu
lar
n
etwo
r
k
s
in
th
e
s
ce
n
ar
io
o
f
th
r
ee
-
tim
e
-
s
lo
t
(
3
T
S).
I
t
is
n
o
ted
th
at
th
e
STP
is
ca
lcu
lated
f
o
r
ev
e
r
y
n
o
d
e,
h
en
ce
,
th
e
m
ea
n
o
f
E
E
is
ca
lcu
lated
,
wh
ic
h
is
co
n
s
eq
u
en
tly
n
am
e
d
av
er
ag
e
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icie
n
cy
(
A
E
E
)
.
First
o
f
all,
we
m
o
d
e
th
e
s
p
atial
an
d
r
an
d
o
m
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
th
e
ce
llu
lar
an
d
M2
M
u
s
er
s
u
ti
lizin
g
th
e
p
o
i
s
s
o
n
p
o
in
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
(
PP
P),
y
et
ea
ch
ty
p
e
o
f
u
s
er
is
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
with
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
d
en
s
ity
.
T
h
en
,
we
o
p
tim
ize
th
e
m
u
ltip
le
b
an
d
s
’
p
o
wer
w
h
ile
s
tu
d
y
in
g
th
e
d
y
n
am
ic
b
eh
a
v
io
r
o
f
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
s
ass
u
m
in
g
th
at
th
er
e
is
n
o
in
ter
-
d
ev
ice
in
ter
f
er
e
n
ce
.
Hav
in
g
b
ee
n
tak
en
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t
th
e
ab
o
v
e
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
s
,
in
co
n
te
x
t
o
f
t
h
e
two
-
wa
y
M
2
M
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
n
etwo
r
k
s
,
we
d
e
r
iv
e
th
e
cl
o
s
ed
-
f
o
r
m
e
x
p
r
ess
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
OP
an
d
th
e
AE
E
o
f
th
e
M
2
M
u
s
er
s
in
th
e
r
elay
-
aid
e
d
M2
M
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
in
3
T
S m
o
d
e.
T
h
e
r
est
o
f
t
h
e
p
a
p
er
i
s
o
r
g
an
ized
as:
s
ec
tio
n
2
d
ep
icts
an
d
elab
o
r
ates
th
e
s
y
s
tem
m
o
d
el.
T
h
e
p
r
o
b
lem
f
o
r
m
u
latio
n
is
p
r
ese
n
ted
in
s
ec
tio
n
3
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
s
ec
tio
n
4
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
Mo
n
te
C
ar
lo
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
an
d
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
.
C
o
n
clu
s
io
n
is
in
s
ec
tio
n
5.
2.
SYST
E
M
M
O
D
E
L
Her
ein
,
we
c
o
n
s
id
er
a
ty
p
ical
m
u
lti
-
b
an
d
M
2
M
co
m
m
u
n
ic
atio
n
s
u
n
d
e
r
lay
in
g
a
ce
llu
la
r
n
etwo
r
k
i
n
wh
ich
th
e
ce
llu
lar
a
n
d
th
e
M
2
M
u
s
er
s
s
h
ar
e
th
e
s
am
e
u
p
lin
k
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
As
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
,
a
b
ase
s
tatio
n
(
B
S)
is
in
c
h
ar
g
e
o
f
allo
ca
tin
g
th
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
,
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
'
s
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
is
s
p
lit
to
b
an
d
s
,
s
u
b
s
cr
ip
ted
with
to
d
en
o
te
th
e
ℎ
b
an
d
,
=
1
,
2
,
.
.
,
.
W
e
s
p
ec
if
ically
s
tu
d
y
th
e
3
T
S
m
o
d
e
wh
er
e
th
er
e
ar
e
in
ter
m
ed
iate
M2
M
u
s
er
s
ac
tin
g
as r
elay
s
to
ass
is
t th
e
d
ata
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Sy
s
tem
m
o
d
el
W
e
u
tili
ze
th
e
s
to
ch
asti
c
g
eo
m
etr
y
th
eo
r
y
to
estab
lis
h
th
e
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
f
o
r
th
is
s
tu
d
y
.
First
ly
,
o
n
a
2
D
p
lan
e
ℜ
,
we
d
is
tr
ib
u
te
th
e
ce
llu
lar
an
d
M2
M
u
s
er
s
in
th
e
ℎ
b
an
d
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
,
with
h
o
m
o
g
en
eo
u
s
PP
P
,
an
d
,
,
d
en
s
ity
,
an
d
,
.
T
h
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
p
o
wer
o
f
th
e
ce
llu
lar
an
d
M2
M
u
s
er
s
ar
e
ac
co
r
d
i
n
g
l
y
,
an
d
,
wh
ich
ar
e
s
u
m
m
e
d
u
p
as.
=
∑
,
=
1
,
(
1
)
an
d
=
∑
,
=
1
(
2
)
Palm
th
eo
r
y
s
tates
th
at
a
ty
p
ical
r
ec
eiv
er
l
o
ca
ted
at
t
h
e
o
r
ig
in
o
f
ℜ
ca
n
n
o
t
af
f
ec
t
th
e
PP
P
's
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
,
[
3
0
]
.
Hen
ce
,
we
ass
ig
n
th
e
B
S
th
er
e
wh
ich
wo
r
k
s
as
a
r
ec
eiv
er
f
o
r
ce
llu
lar
u
p
lin
k
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
ve
s
tig
a
tio
n
o
f e
n
erg
y
efficien
cy
o
f tw
o
-
w
a
y
r
ela
y
-
a
s
s
is
ted
mu
lti
-
b
a
n
d
m
a
ch
in
e
-
to
-
…. (
H
o
a
n
g
Th
ie
n
V
a
n
)
865
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
an
d
M2
M
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
ass
is
tan
ce
.
Mo
r
eo
v
e
r
,
we
ass
u
m
e
th
e
u
p
lin
k
an
d
d
o
wn
lin
k
ch
a
n
n
els
ar
e
r
ec
ip
r
o
ca
l a
n
d
in
v
ar
ian
t
b
a
s
ed
o
n
th
e
p
r
o
p
e
r
ty
o
f
th
e
c
o
n
s
ec
u
tiv
e
eq
u
al
tim
e
s
lo
ts
m
o
d
e
l.
A
two
-
way
DF
r
elay
,
M2
M
ass
is
ts
a
p
air
o
f
M2
M
u
s
er
s
M
2
M
to
M2
M
with
p
o
wer
b
ein
g
eq
u
al
to
th
e
M2
M
p
o
wer
i
n
th
e
ℎ
b
an
d
,
,
=
,
.
W
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
te
th
ese
th
r
ee
M2
M
u
s
er
s
with
s
tatio
n
ar
y
PP
P
,
an
d
d
en
s
ity
,
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
we
d
en
o
te
M2
M
to
M2
M
,
an
d
M2
M
to
M2
M
d
is
tan
ce
s
as
,
,
an
d
,
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
I
t
is
n
o
ted
th
at
M2
M
,
M2
M
<
,
b
ein
g
th
e
M
2
M
to
M2
M
d
is
tan
ce
.
T
h
er
eb
y
,
we
ex
p
lo
it th
e
f
r
ac
tio
n
1
to
ex
p
r
ess
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
th
em
as.
,
=
,
(
1
1
+
1
)
(
3
)
an
d
,
=
,
(
1
1
+
1
)
(
4
)
Similar
to
[
3
0
]
,
we
c
o
n
s
id
er
t
h
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
R
ay
leig
h
f
ad
in
g
an
d
p
ath
l
o
s
s
in
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
ag
ati
o
n
c
h
an
n
e
l
m
o
d
el.
I
n
g
e
n
er
al,
to
in
d
icate
th
e
R
ay
leig
h
f
ad
in
g
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
o
f
th
e
−
lin
k
(
,
=
,
,
)
,
we
u
tili
ze
th
e
d
en
o
tatio
n
ℎ
,
,
g
iv
en
th
at
ℎ
,
,
=
ℎ
,
,
.
Fo
r
e
x
am
p
le,
th
e
ce
llu
lar
an
d
M2
M
u
s
er
s
r
ec
eiv
e
p
o
wer
o
f
is
as sh
o
wn
in
(
5
)
.
=
ℎ
−
(
5
)
wh
er
e
we
h
av
e
th
e
tr
an
s
m
it
p
o
wer
,
th
e
R
ay
leig
h
f
ad
i
n
g
co
ef
f
icien
t
ℎ
,
th
e
d
is
tan
ce
f
r
o
m
th
e
tr
an
s
m
itter
t
o
its
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
r
ec
eiv
er
,
a
n
d
a
n
ev
e
n
-
n
u
m
b
er
p
at
h
-
lo
s
s
ex
p
o
n
e
n
t
,
≥
2
.
I
t
is
n
o
tewo
r
th
y
t
h
at
wh
en
M2
M
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
r
eu
s
es
th
e
ce
llu
lar
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
,
it
g
e
n
er
ates
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
to
th
e
ty
p
ical
r
ec
eiv
er
.
T
h
is
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
is
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
th
e
c
ellu
lar
,
M2
M
u
s
er
s
,
an
d
M2
M
r
elay
u
s
er
s
.
3.
P
RO
B
L
E
M
F
O
R
M
U
L
AT
I
O
N
I
n
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
,
we
f
o
r
m
u
late
f
ir
s
tly
th
e
s
ig
n
al
-
to
-
i
n
ter
f
er
e
n
ce
-
p
lu
s
-
n
o
is
e
r
atio
(
SIN
R
)
th
en
th
e
OP
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
ly
,
w
e
d
er
iv
e
th
e
cl
o
s
ed
-
f
o
r
m
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
o
f
A
E
E
in
th
e
c
o
n
tex
t
o
f
m
u
lti
-
b
a
n
d
M2
M
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
f
o
r
3
T
S,
th
e
n
s
im
u
late
it f
o
llo
win
g
Mo
n
te
C
ar
lo
s
m
eth
o
d
.
−
T
h
e
s
ig
n
al
-
to
-
in
ter
f
r
en
ce
-
p
lu
s
-
n
o
is
e
r
atio
Fo
r
3
T
S
m
o
d
e,
in
th
e
1
s
t
an
d
2
n
d
tim
e
s
lo
ts
,
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
i
s
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
tr
an
s
m
itted
f
r
o
m
M2
M
an
d
M2
M
to
M2
M
,
with
p
o
w
er
,
.
Af
ter
war
d
s
,
in
th
e
3
r
d
tim
e
s
lo
t,
M2
M
m
ix
es
th
ese
two
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
lo
ws,
n
etwo
r
k
-
c
o
d
es a
n
d
s
en
d
s
it b
ac
k
to
M2
M
an
d
M2
M
.
W
ith
in
th
e
1
s
t a
n
d
2
n
d
tim
e
s
lo
ts
,
M2
M
r
ec
eiv
es si
g
n
al
f
r
o
m
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
M2
M
an
d
M2
M
as
;
,
=
√
,
(
,
00
,
1
+
1
)
−
ℎ
,
00
+
0
,
+
0
,
(
6
)
an
d
,
=
√
,
(
1
,
00
,
1
+
1
)
−
ℎ
,
00
+
0
,
+
0
(
7
)
wh
er
e
th
e
R
ay
leig
h
f
ad
in
g
ch
an
n
el
co
e
f
f
icien
t
ℎ
,
00
an
d
ℎ
,
00
o
f
M2
M
to
M2
M
an
d
M2
M
to
M2
M
lin
k
s
in
th
e
ℎ
b
an
d
,
an
d
th
e
p
o
wer
o
f
in
ter
f
e
r
en
ce
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
th
e
ce
llu
lar
u
s
er
s
,
th
e
M2
M
u
s
er
,
an
d
M
2
M
to
th
e
ty
p
ical
r
ec
eiv
e
r
as
0
,
=
∑
(
,
ℎ
,
0
,
0
,
−
)
−
1
/
2
∈
,
+
∑
(
,
ℎ
,
0
,
0
,
−
)
−
1
/
2
∈
,
+
∑
(
,
ℎ
,
0
,
0
,
−
)
−
1
/
2
∈
,
.
W
ith
in
th
e
3
r
d
tim
e
s
lo
t,
we
h
av
e
a
p
o
r
tio
n
2
,
(
0
<
2
<
1
)
o
f
th
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
p
o
wer
at
M2
M
,
,
,
u
s
ed
f
o
r
tr
a
n
s
m
itti
n
g
th
e
m
i
x
ed
f
lo
w
o
f
s
ig
n
al
b
ac
k
to
M2
M
an
d
M2
M
.
I
n
p
ar
ticu
la
r
,
we
allo
ca
te
2
,
f
o
r
th
e
M2
M
to
M2
M
lin
k
,
an
d
(
1
−
2
)
,
f
o
r
th
e
M2
M
to
M2
M
lin
k
.
T
h
u
s
,
M2
M
an
d
M2
M
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
,
r
ec
ei
v
e
s
ig
n
al
o
f
.
,
=
√
2
,
(
,
00
,
1
+
1
)
−
ℎ
,
00
+
0
,
+
0
,
(
8
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
21
:
863
-
8
7
0
866
an
d
,
=
√
(
1
−
2
)
,
(
1
,
00
,
1
+
1
)
−
ℎ
,
00
+
0
,
+
0
.
(
7
)
T
h
en
,
as
we
elim
in
ate
th
e
n
o
is
e
ter
m
f
r
o
m
SIN
R
,
th
e
s
ig
n
al
-
to
-
in
ter
f
er
e
n
ce
r
atio
(
SIR)
in
th
e
ℎ
b
an
d
o
f
M2
M
an
d
M2
M
v
ia
DF
-
o
p
er
ated
M2
M
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tai
n
ed
f
r
o
m
(
1
0
)
a
n
d
(
1
1
)
.
,
=
(
,
,
,
,
,
)
(
1
0
)
an
d
,
=
(
,
,
,
,
,
)
(
8
)
wh
er
e
co
n
ce
r
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
Palm
th
eo
r
y
[
3
0
]
,
th
e
i
n
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
SI
R
o
f
th
e
1
s
t,
2
n
d
,
an
d
3
r
d
tim
e
s
lo
ts
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
i
n
(
1
2
)
.
,
=
,
ℎ
,
00
0
,
(
1
1
+
1
,
00
,
)
−
(
9
)
an
d
,
=
,
ℎ
,
00
0
,
(
1
1
+
1
,
00
,
)
−
(
1
3
)
an
d
,
=
2
,
ℎ
,
00
0
,
(
1
1
+
1
,
00
,
)
−
(
10
)
an
d
,
=
(
1
−
2
)
,
ℎ
,
00
0
,
(
1
1
+
1
,
00
,
)
−
(
11
)
−
T
h
e
o
u
t
ag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
ty
p
i
ca
l r
ec
eiv
er
s
T
h
is
OP sp
ec
if
ies th
e
p
r
o
b
ab
il
ity
th
at
th
e
in
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
SIR r
ec
o
r
d
e
d
at
th
e
r
ec
ei
v
er
s
d
r
o
p
s
b
elo
w
th
e
th
r
esh
o
ld
v
alu
e
o
f
ℎ
.
Hen
ce
,
it is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
f
o
r
u
s
to
u
s
e
th
e
cu
m
u
lativ
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
f
u
n
cti
o
n
(
C
DF)
o
f
th
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
SIR to
f
o
r
m
u
late
th
e
OP,
as d
es
cr
ib
ed
in
th
e
T
h
eo
r
em
1
.
T
h
eo
r
em
1
.
T
h
e
OP o
f
th
e
ty
p
ical
M2
M
r
e
ce
iv
er
s
v
ia
DF
-
o
p
er
ated
M2
M
at
M2
M
an
d
M
2
M
in
th
e
ℎ
b
an
d
,
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
f
r
o
m
(
1
6
)
an
d
(
1
7
)
.
(
,
<
ℎ
)
=
1
−
−
,
[
,
+
,
+
,
(
,
,
)
2
]
(
12
)
an
d
(
,
<
ℎ
)
=
1
−
−
,
[
,
+
,
+
,
(
,
,
)
2
]
,
(
13
)
wh
er
e
,
=
ℎ
2
(
1
+
2
)
(
1
−
2
)
(
,
00
,
1
+
1
)
2
(
1
+
1
2
+
2
−
2
)
,
a
n
d
,
=
ℎ
2
(
1
+
2
)
(
1
−
2
)
(
,
00
,
1
+
1
)
2
(
1
+
1
2
+
1
2
(
1
−
2
)
−
2
)
.
Pro
o
f
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
ve
s
tig
a
tio
n
o
f e
n
erg
y
efficien
cy
o
f tw
o
-
w
a
y
r
ela
y
-
a
s
s
is
ted
mu
lti
-
b
a
n
d
m
a
ch
in
e
-
to
-
…. (
H
o
a
n
g
Th
ie
n
V
a
n
)
867
As
af
o
r
em
en
tio
n
ed
in
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
m
o
d
el
s
ec
tio
n
,
ℎ
,
00
is
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
tly
an
d
e
x
p
o
n
en
ti
ally
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
with
u
n
it
m
ea
n
.
As
th
e
s
tu
d
y
is
co
n
d
u
cted
o
n
2
D
p
lan
es
an
d
,
f
o
llo
ws
th
e
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
ex
p
o
n
e
n
tial
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
M
2
M
u
s
er
s
an
d
ce
llu
lar
ch
an
n
el
g
ain
s
,
with
r
eg
a
r
d
to
th
e
(
1
2
)
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
L
ap
lace
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
d
e
f
in
itio
n
an
d
s
to
ch
asti
c
g
eo
m
etr
y
th
eo
r
y
in
[
3
1
]
,
th
e
OP
in
th
e
1
s
t
tim
e
s
lo
t
ca
n
b
e
d
er
iv
ed
as.
{
,
<
ℎ
}
=
1
−
−
,
[
,
+
,
+
,
(
,
,
)
2
]
,
(
14
)
wh
er
e
(
)
=
∫
−
∞
0
−
1
,
an
d
,
=
ℎ
2
(
,
00
,
1
+
1
)
2
(
1
+
2
)
(
1
−
2
)
.
Similar
ly
,
b
ased
o
n
(
1
3
)
,
th
e
OP in
th
e
2
n
d
tim
e
s
lo
t is g
iv
en
a
s
;
{
,
<
ℎ
}
=
1
−
−
,
[
,
+
,
+
,
(
,
,
)
2
]
(
15
)
wh
er
e
,
=
ℎ
2
(
1
,
00
,
1
+
1
)
2
(
1
+
2
)
(
1
−
2
)
.
I
n
th
e
3
r
d
tim
e
s
lo
t,
u
s
in
g
(
1
4
)
,
th
e
OP a
t M
2
M
a
an
d
M
2
M
b
ar
e
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
f
o
r
m
u
lated
as
;
{
,
<
ℎ
}
=
1
−
−
,
[
,
+
,
+
,
(
,
,
)
2
]
,
(
16
)
an
d
{
,
<
ℎ
}
=
1
−
−
,
[
,
+
,
+
,
(
,
,
)
2
]
,
(
17
)
wh
er
e
,
=
(
1
+
2
)
(
1
−
2
)
(
1
1
+
1
,
00
,
)
2
(
ℎ
2
)
2
,
an
d
,
=
(
1
+
2
)
(
1
−
2
)
(
1
1
+
1
,
00
,
)
2
(
ℎ
1
−
2
)
2
.
Su
b
s
eq
u
en
tly
,
u
s
in
g
(
1
8
)
,
(
1
9
)
,
(
2
0
)
,
(
2
1
)
t
o
co
m
b
in
e
with
(
1
0
)
,
(
1
1
)
,
af
ter
s
o
m
e
b
asic
alg
eb
r
aic
m
an
ip
u
latio
n
s
,
th
e
OP b
ased
o
n
SIR a
t U
E
D
an
d
UE
D
is
o
b
tain
ed
in
(
1
6
)
an
d
(
1
7
)
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
o
f
f
o
r
T
h
e
o
r
em
1
en
d
s
h
er
e.
−
Av
er
ag
e
en
e
r
g
y
e
f
f
icien
cy
o
f
t
y
p
ical
r
ec
eiv
er
s
B
ased
o
n
T
h
eo
r
em
1
,
we
ca
n
f
o
r
m
u
late
t
h
e
av
er
a
g
e
en
e
r
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
(
AE
E
)
o
f
th
e
t
y
p
ic
al
r
ec
eiv
er
M2
M
u
s
er
in
3
T
S m
o
d
e
in
th
e
b
an
d
s
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
at
M2
M
an
d
M2
M
in
th
e
ℎ
b
an
d
as.
(
)
2
,
3
,
,
,
,
,
2
,
,
1
l
og
1
,
m
ci
TS
a
i
d
i
r
i
c
i
di
P
K
P
i
th
ai
di
i
W
A
E
E
e
P
−
+
+
=
+
=
(
18
)
an
d
(
)
2
,
3
,
,
,
,
,
2
,
,
1
l
og
1
.
m
ci
TS
b
i
d
i
r
i
c
i
di
P
K
P
i
th
bi
di
i
W
A
E
E
e
P
−
+
+
=
+
=
(
19
)
wh
er
e
,
3
an
d
,
3
d
escr
ib
ed
in
Th
e
o
r
em
1
.
I
n
th
e
n
e
x
t
s
ec
tio
n
,
we
p
r
esen
t
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
OP a
n
d
th
e
AE
E
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
21
:
863
-
8
7
0
868
4.
NUM
E
RIC
AL
S
I
M
UL
A
T
I
O
N
Usi
n
g
Ma
tlab
,
we
o
b
tain
e
d
t
h
e
Mo
n
te
C
ar
lo
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
f
o
r
th
e
OP
an
d
th
e
A
E
E
o
f
t
h
e
in
-
s
tu
d
ied
M2
M
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
M2
M
an
d
M2
M
.
W
e
u
s
ed
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
s
y
s
tem
p
ar
am
et
er
s
in
[
3
2
]
s
h
o
w
T
ab
le
1
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
3
p
r
esen
t
t
h
e
OP
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
at
M2
M
an
d
M2
M
,
r
esp
ec
ti
v
ely
,
v
e
r
s
u
s
th
e
M2
M
u
s
er
d
en
s
ity
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at
t
h
e
M2
M
cu
r
v
es
o
r
ig
in
ate
at
a
s
lig
h
tly
h
ig
h
er
OP
lev
el
th
an
M2
M
o
n
es.
Nev
er
th
eless
,
as
t
h
e
M2
M
u
s
er
s
b
ec
o
m
e
d
en
s
er
,
th
e
OP
in
cr
ea
s
es
an
d
all
th
e
cu
r
v
es
r
ap
id
ly
r
is
e
to
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
1
0
0
%
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
s
h
u
ttin
g
d
o
wn
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
s
.
B
esid
es,
lo
wer
,
r
esu
lts
in
lo
wer
OP
m
ea
n
in
g
th
at
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
is
b
etter
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
Fig
u
r
e
4
a
n
d
Fig
u
r
e
5
d
escr
ib
e
th
e
AE
E
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
at
M
2
M
an
d
M2
M
,
r
esp
e
ctiv
ely
,
v
er
s
u
s
th
e
M2
M
u
s
er
d
e
n
s
ity
.
On
e
o
f
th
e
o
b
v
io
u
s
tr
aits
is
th
at
at
th
e
lo
west
lev
el
o
f
,
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
th
e
b
est
as
th
e
AE
E
cu
r
v
es
in
th
ese
ca
s
es
ar
e
th
e
h
ig
h
est.
As
f
o
r
Fig
u
r
e
4
,
all
th
e
AE
E
cu
r
v
es
in
cr
ea
s
e
an
d
p
ea
k
at
th
e
p
o
in
ts
wh
er
e
th
e
r
e
ar
e
4
M2
M
u
s
er
s
p
er
2
,
th
en
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
to
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
th
e
s
am
e
lev
els
as
th
eir
o
r
ig
in
al
v
alu
es.
B
esid
es,
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
,
th
e
c
u
r
v
es
f
o
llo
w
s
im
ilar
tr
en
d
s
as
th
e
cu
r
v
es
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
b
u
t
wit
h
th
e
h
ig
h
est
AE
E
v
alu
es
r
ea
ch
ed
at
7
M2
M
u
s
er
s
p
er
2
.
W
it
h
r
eg
ar
d
s
to
th
e
two
f
o
r
m
er
f
ig
u
r
es,
we
ca
n
claim
th
at
th
e
M2
M
u
s
er
d
en
s
ity
r
aises
in
ass
o
ciatio
n
with
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
th
e
OP
an
d
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
th
e
AE
E
(
o
n
ly
u
p
to
s
o
m
e
ce
r
tain
v
alu
e
s
)
.
T
h
is
is
b
ec
au
s
e
as
th
er
e
ar
e
m
o
r
e
M
2
M
u
s
er
s
,
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
will
b
e
u
s
ed
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icien
tly
.
Ho
we
v
er
,
if
th
e
r
e
ar
e
to
o
m
an
y
u
s
er
s
,
th
ey
will
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
m
o
r
e
s
ev
er
e
in
ter
-
d
e
v
ice
in
ter
f
e
r
en
ce
t
o
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
s
lead
in
g
to
th
e
h
i
g
h
er
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
o
f
s
y
s
tem
s
h
u
td
o
wn
an
d
co
n
s
id
er
a
b
le
AE
E
d
o
wn
g
r
a
d
e.
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
e
m
ain
p
ar
am
eter
s
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
V
a
l
u
e
s
Th
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
b
a
n
d
s
=
5
Th
e
i
ℎ
b
a
n
d
w
i
d
t
h
,
=
20
(
M
H
z
)
Th
e
t
r
a
n
sm
i
ssi
o
n
p
o
w
e
r
o
f
c
e
l
l
u
l
a
r
,
=
125
(
mW
)
Th
e
t
r
a
n
sm
i
ssi
o
n
p
o
w
e
r
o
f
M
2
M
u
ser
s
,
=
60
(
mW
)
Th
e
p
o
w
e
r
a
l
l
o
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
t
M
2
M
,
2
=
0
.
5
Th
e
f
r
a
c
t
i
o
n
o
f
d
i
st
a
n
c
e
s
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
M
2
M
a
n
d
M
2
M
,
M
2
M
1
=
0
.
5
Th
e
t
h
r
e
s
h
o
l
d
S
I
R
o
f
c
e
l
l
u
l
a
r
a
n
d
M
2
M
u
sers
,
=
,
=
0
(
d
B
)
Th
e
t
h
r
e
s
h
o
l
d
O
P
o
f
c
e
l
l
u
l
a
r
a
n
d
M
2
M
u
sers
,
=
,
=
0
.
05
Th
e
t
h
r
e
s
h
o
l
d
t
r
a
n
sm
i
ssi
o
n
p
o
w
e
r
o
f
M
2
M
u
s
e
r
s
,
,
=
20
(
mW
)
Th
e
p
a
t
h
-
l
o
ss
c
o
e
f
f
i
c
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W
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Saig
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Un
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s
ity
(
SIU
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f
u
n
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p
p
o
r
tin
g
th
is
p
r
o
ject.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
S
.
N
.
S
wa
in
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.
T
h
a
k
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d
S
.
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M
.
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e
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y
a
m
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C
o
v
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n
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Ra
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An
a
ly
sis
fo
r
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a
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a
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e
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in
g
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Co
m
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ti
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ti
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.
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a
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2
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Pr
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.
[3
]
L
.
Wei,
R
.
Q
.
Hu
,
Y
.
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n
a
n
d
G
.
Wu
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E
n
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m
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s:
c
h
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se
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ts,"
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o
mm
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.
[4
]
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.
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g
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u
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h
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COM
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.
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.
[5
]
X
.
Li
n
,
J
.
G
.
An
d
re
ws
,
A
.
G
h
o
sh
a
n
d
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.
Ra
tas
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k
,
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o
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o
f
3
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ro
x
i
m
it
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se
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s,"
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mm
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n
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s M
a
g
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zin
e
,
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0
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/
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COM.
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4
.
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8
0
7
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4
5
.
[6
]
J
.
L
i
u
,
N
.
K
a
t
o
,
J
.
M
a
a
n
d
N
.
K
a
d
o
w
a
k
i
,
"
D
e
v
i
c
e
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to
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d
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v
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c
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c
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
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n
i
n
L
T
E
-
a
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
s
:
a
s
u
r
v
e
y
,
"
I
E
E
E
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
S
u
r
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y
s
&
T
u
t
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a
l
s
,
v
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l
.
1
7
,
n
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.
4
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1
9
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5
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/
C
O
M
S
T
.
2
0
1
4
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3
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5
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3
4
.
[7
]
O.
Be
ll
o
a
n
d
S
.
Zea
d
a
ll
y
,
"
I
n
tel
li
g
e
n
t
d
e
v
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-
to
-
d
e
v
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c
o
m
m
u
n
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c
a
ti
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n
in
th
e
in
tern
e
t
o
f
t
h
i
n
g
s,
"
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E
S
y
ste
ms
J
o
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l
,
v
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.
1
0
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p
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1
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9
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YST
.
2
0
1
4
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2
2
9
8
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3
7
.
[8
]
C.
Li
u
a
n
d
B.
Na
tara
jan
,
"
P
o
w
e
r
-
a
wa
re
m
a
x
imiz
a
ti
o
n
o
f
e
rg
o
d
ic
c
a
p
a
c
it
y
i
n
D2
D
u
n
d
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rlay
n
e
two
rk
s,"
IEE
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T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
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Veh
icu
la
r T
e
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h
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2
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6
.
2
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3
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6
0
.
[9
]
L
.
Wei,
R
.
Q
.
Hu
,
Y
.
Qia
n
a
n
d
G
.
Wu
,
"
En
e
rg
y
e
fficie
n
c
y
a
n
d
s
p
e
c
tru
m
e
fficie
n
c
y
o
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m
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lt
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-
to
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m
m
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ica
ti
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n
s
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rlay
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n
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c
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lar
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two
r
k
s,"
I
EE
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T
r
a
n
sa
c
ti
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s
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n
Veh
ic
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.
[1
0
]
M
.
S
h
e
n
g
,
Y
.
Li
,
X
.
Wan
g
,
J
.
Li
a
n
d
Y
.
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h
i,
"
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rg
y
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d
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ll
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lar
Ne
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s,"
IE
EE
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
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n
S
e
lec
ted
Are
a
s
in
Co
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ti
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v
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l.
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[1
1
]
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.
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o
u
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o
n
g
,
K
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Ota
,
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a
n
d
T
.
S
a
t
o
,
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r
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y
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icie
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y
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tral
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in
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-
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v
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(D2
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Co
m
m
u
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ica
ti
o
n
s,
"
IEE
E
W
ire
les
s
Co
mm
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n
ica
ti
o
n
s
L
e
tt
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rs
,
v
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6
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l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l.
6
4
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
2
5
0
2
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2
5
1
1
,
2
0
1
5
,
d
o
i:
1
0
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1
1
0
9
/T
VT
.
2
0
1
4
.
2
3
4
6
6
1
5
.
[2
7
]
H
.
S
.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
D
.
T
.
Do
a
n
d
M
.
Vo
z
n
a
k
,
"
Tw
o
-
wa
y
re
lay
i
n
g
n
e
two
rk
s
i
n
g
re
e
n
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
fo
r
5
G
:
o
p
t
ima
l
th
ro
u
g
h
p
u
t
a
n
d
trad
e
o
ff
b
e
twe
e
n
re
lay
d
ista
n
c
e
o
n
p
o
we
r
s
p
li
tt
in
g
-
b
a
se
d
a
n
d
ti
m
e
sw
it
c
h
i
n
g
-
b
a
se
d
re
lay
i
n
g
S
WI
P
T,
"
A
EU
-
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l.
7
0
,
n
o
.
1
2
,
p
p
.
1
6
3
7
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1
6
4
4
,
2
0
1
6
,
d
o
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0
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1
0
1
6
/j
.
a
e
u
e
.
2
0
1
6
.
1
0
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0
0
2
.
[2
8
]
H
.
S
.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
D
.
T
.
Do
,
A
.
H
.
B
u
i
a
n
d
M
.
Vo
z
n
a
k
,
"
S
e
lf
-
p
o
we
re
d
wire
les
s
two
-
wa
y
re
lay
in
g
n
e
two
rk
s:
m
o
d
e
l
a
n
d
th
ro
u
g
h
p
u
t
p
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
with
th
re
e
p
ra
c
ti
c
a
l
sc
h
e
m
e
s,"
W
ire
les
s
Per
s.
C
o
mm
u
n
.
,
v
o
l.
9
7
,
n
o
,
1
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
9
,
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i
1
0
.
1
0
0
7
/s1
1
2
7
7
-
0
1
7
-
4
5
2
6
-
3.
[2
9
]
N
.
No
m
ik
o
s,
T
.
Ch
a
ra
lam
b
o
u
s,
I
.
Krik
i
d
is,
D
.
N.
S
k
o
u
tas
,
D
.
Vo
u
y
i
o
u
k
a
s
a
n
d
M
.
Jo
h
a
n
ss
o
n
,
"
A
b
u
ffe
r
-
a
id
e
d
su
c
c
e
ss
iv
e
o
p
p
o
rt
u
n
isti
c
re
lay
se
l
e
c
ti
o
n
sc
h
e
m
e
wit
h
p
o
we
r
a
d
a
p
ta
ti
o
n
a
n
d
i
n
ter
-
re
lay
in
terfe
re
n
c
e
c
a
n
c
e
ll
a
ti
o
n
fo
r
c
o
o
p
e
ra
ti
v
e
d
i
v
e
rsity
s
y
ste
m
s,"
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l.
6
3
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
1
6
2
3
-
1
6
3
4
,
2
0
1
5
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/T
COM
M
.
2
0
1
5
.
2
4
1
6
2
3
4
.
[3
0
]
F
.
Ba
c
c
e
ll
a
n
d
B.
Blas
z
c
z
y
sz
y
n
,
"
S
t
o
c
h
a
stic
g
e
o
m
e
try
a
n
d
wire
les
s
n
e
two
rk
s
v
o
l
u
m
e
I:
th
e
o
ry
,
”
NOW
:
Fo
u
n
d
a
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
T
re
n
d
s in
Ne
two
rk
in
g
,
v
o
l.
3
3
,
2
0
1
0
.
[3
1
]
M
.
Ha
e
n
g
g
i,
S
to
c
h
a
stic
g
e
o
me
try
fo
r wire
les
s n
e
two
rk
s
,
Ca
m
b
rid
g
e
,
UK
:
Ca
m
b
rid
g
e
Un
i
v
e
rsity
P
re
s
s
2
0
1
2
.
[3
2
]
Y
.
J
i
a
n
g
,
Q
.
L
i
u
,
F
.
Z
h
e
n
g
,
X
.
G
a
o
a
n
d
X
.
Y
o
u
,
"
E
n
e
r
g
y
-
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
t
j
o
i
n
t
r
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
a
l
l
o
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
p
o
w
e
r
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
f
o
r
D
2
D
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
"
I
E
E
E
T
r
a
n
s
.
V
e
h
.
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
6
5
,
p
p
.
6
1
1
9
-
6
1
2
7
,
2
0
1
6
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
T
V
T
.
2
0
1
5
.
2
4
7
2
9
9
5
.
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