Indonesi
an
Journa
l
of El
ect
ri
cal Engineer
ing
an
d
Comp
ut
er
Scie
nce
Vo
l.
23
,
No.
1
,
Ju
ly
2021
, p
p.
321
~
329
IS
S
N: 25
02
-
4752, DO
I: 10
.11
591/ijeecs
.v
23
.i
1
.
pp
3
21
-
3
29
321
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ij
eecs.i
aesc
or
e.c
om
A
no
ve
l
comp
ac
t
dual ba
nd
RFID
hand
held reade
r ant
enna
for
microw
av
e ISM
band
application
W
ah
ib
a
Be
l
gacem,
M
i
l
ou
d
Bous
ah
la
,
Sidi
Moh
ammed
Meriah
La
bora
tor
y
of
T
el
e
comm
unic
at
i
ons of
Tlem
ce
n
(
LT
T)
,
Dep
art
m
e
nt
of Te
le
comm
unic
a
ti
ons Fac
u
l
t
y
of Te
chnol
og
y
,
Univer
sit
y
of
T
l
emce
n,
Alger
i
a
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
Oct
1
7
, 202
0
Re
vised
Ma
r
2
8
, 2
021
Accepte
d
J
un
18
, 202
1
T
h
i
s
p
a
p
e
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h
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×
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×
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5
m
m
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,
w
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i
c
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t
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o
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l
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e
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n
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g
r
a
t
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d
i
n
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o
R
F
I
D
r
e
a
d
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r
s
.
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u
m
e
r
i
c
a
l
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
h
a
v
e
b
e
e
n
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
e
d
u
s
i
n
g
c
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
(
C
S
T
)
M
i
c
r
o
w
a
v
e
S
t
u
d
i
o
s
o
f
t
w
a
r
e
.
A
p
a
r
a
m
e
t
r
i
c
s
t
u
d
y
w
a
s
i
n
v
e
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t
i
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n
o
r
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o
w
t
h
e
e
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f
e
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t
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l
o
t
s
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a
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o
o
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t
a
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n
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h
e
d
e
s
i
r
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d
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
a
l
c
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
.
E
x
p
e
r
i
m
e
n
t
a
l
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
s
h
o
w
a
g
o
o
d
a
g
r
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m
e
n
t
w
i
t
h
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
o
b
t
a
i
n
e
d
b
y
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
.
A
s
a
t
i
s
f
a
c
t
o
r
i
l
y
o
m
n
i
d
i
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
a
l
f
o
r
t
h
e
r
a
d
i
a
t
i
o
n
p
a
t
t
e
r
n
s
a
c
r
o
s
s
t
h
e
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
b
a
n
d
s
w
a
s
o
b
t
a
i
n
e
d
.
Ke
yw
or
ds:
Com
pu
te
r
sim
ulati
on
te
chnolo
gy
RFID
This
is an
open
acc
ess arti
cl
e
un
der
the
CC
B
Y
-
SA
l
ic
ense
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
Wah
i
ba
Be
lgac
e
m
Lab
or
at
ory
of
Tel
ecom
m
un
icati
on
s
of Tlem
cen
(LTT
)
D
epa
rtm
ent o
f Te
le
com
m
un
icati
on
s
Faculty
of Tec
hnology,
U
nive
rsity
o
f
Tlem
c
en,
Alge
ria
BP 230
-
1
3000 C
heto
uan
e
T
lem
cen,
Algé
ri
a
Em
a
il
: belgacem
_w
ahiba@ya
hoo.fr
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
Ra
dio
fr
e
quen
cy
identific
at
io
n
(
RFI
D
)
is
a
te
chnolo
gy
a
uto
m
atical
ly
enco
de
s
or
sto
res
dig
it
al
data
into
a
n
RF
ID
t
ags
(also
know
n
as
RF
I
D
tra
nspon
der
s
).
RFI
D
tra
nspon
der
is
aff
ixe
d
t
o
a
n
obj
ect
,
a
nd
wh
ic
h
per
m
it
s
to
a
rad
io
wav
e
de
vice
read
i
ng
or
tr
ackin
g
data
re
gardin
g
the
obje
ct
rem
otely.
In
co
ntrast
to
ba
r
-
c
ode
te
chnolo
gy,
w
hich
requires
that
co
des
pr
i
nted
on
a
la
bel
pass
in
dire
ct
view
i
n
f
ront
of
a
n
op
ti
cal
r
eader
t
o
al
low
the
c
orr
esp
onding
data
to
be
read,
R
FI
D
ta
gs
can
be
rea
d
without
a
di
rect
li
ne
of
sig
ht
[1
]
-
[
25]
.
T
his
ease
an
d
s
pee
d
of
read
i
ng
m
ake
RFID
te
chnolo
gy,
par
t
ic
ularly
su
it
abl
e
for
a
la
r
ge
num
ber
o
f
ap
plica
ti
on
s
wh
e
re
th
e
in
di
vidual
rea
ding
of
each
ba
r
c
od
e
w
ould
sl
ow
dow
n
the
i
nfo
rm
ation
ac
quisi
ti
on
proces
s.
T
he
RFID
syst
em
consi
sts
of
a
n
RFID
ta
g
th
at
con
ta
ins
a
n
integrate
d
ci
r
cuit
connecte
d
to
an
a
nten
na
and
encapsulat
ed
in
a
protect
ive
br
ac
ket,
w
hich
de
pends
on
t
he
nee
ds
of
the
inten
ded
ap
pli
cat
ion
a
nd
an
RFID
read
e
r
is
a
rece
iver,
tr
ansm
it
ter
co
ntr
olled b
y
a
m
ic
ro
proces
so
r
or
a
di
gital
sign
al
p
r
ocess
or.
Usi
ng
a
n
a
nt
enna
to
wh
ic
h
it
is
c
onnected
,
the
r
eader
“ca
ptu
r
e
s”
the
data
store
d
in
the
ta
gs
and
the
n
tra
nsm
it
s
it
to
a
com
pu
te
r
for pr
ocessi
ng
[1
]
.
Ma
ny
operati
ng
f
reque
ncies
hav
e
bee
n
assi
gn
e
d
t
o
the
R
FI
D
syst
em
s,
t
her
e
a
re
the
lo
w
-
fr
e
quency
(LF)
ar
ound
125
K
Hz,
t
he
hi
gh
-
f
reque
ncy
(H
F
)
a
rou
nd
13.
56
MHz,
t
he
ultra
-
high
-
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
(
U
HF)
from
860
M
Hz
t
o
960
M
Hz
a
nd
the
m
ic
ro
wa
ve
ba
nd
(M
W
)
ar
ound
2.4
5
G
Hz
or
5.8
GH
z
.
T
he
im
portant
com
po
ne
nts
i
n
the
RFI
D
s
yst
e
m
are
the
read
e
r
a
nd
t
ag
a
nten
na,
a
nd
their
ca
pa
bili
ty
determ
i
nes
th
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
, N
o.
1
,
Ju
ly
2021
:
3
2
1
-
3
2
9
322
perform
ance
of
the
w
ho
le
syst
e
m
.
RFID
te
ch
no
l
og
ie
s
require
a
ntenn
a
s
with
s
m
al
l
siz
es
an
d
hi
gh
perform
ances
su
c
h
as
a
la
r
ge
ba
ndwidt
h,
a
m
ul
ti
-
band
operati
on
[3
]
-
[
10]
and,
a
high
ga
in
[
1
1],
[
12
]
.
Ther
e
exists
var
i
ou
s
t
echn
i
qu
e
s
to
re
al
iz
e
m
ult
i
-
band
anten
na,
for
exam
ple,
m
et
a
m
at
erial
te
chnolo
gy
[
6],
[
14
]
,
[15
]
,
m
ul
ti
la
ye
r
su
bs
tra
te
s
[
14
]
,
fr
a
ct
al
te
chn
olog
y
[
6],
[16
]
,
slot
reacti
ve
loadi
ng
[
4]
,
an
d
[
1
7
]
-
[
20
]
.
A
slot
loadi
ng
can
not
on
ly
reali
ze
antenna
m
ulti
ban
d,
bu
t
al
so
reali
ze
broadba
nd
and
m
iniat
ur
iz
at
ion
.
A
nu
m
ber
of
anten
nas
hav
e
been
pro
posed
pr
e
viously
[
4]
,
[13],
[16
]
-
[
33
].
H
ow
e
ve
r,
m
any
of
them
they
are
not
c
om
pact
and s
om
eti
m
es
a physi
cal
r
eal
isa
ti
on
of
t
he
a
nten
na
is
dif
ficult
in real
it
y.
In
this
pap
e
r,
we
pro
po
se
a
ne
w
desig
n
of
a
com
pact
and
lo
w
prof
il
e
du
al
band
R
FID
rea
der
ante
nn
a
for
IS
M
band
app
li
cat
io
n.
O
ur
a
nte
nna
is
with
one
co
nn
ect
ion
port
du
a
lban
d
rea
der
a
nten
na.
T
wo
c
onnecti
on
ports
dual
-
ba
nd
rea
der
ante
nna
puts
a
dd
it
ion
al
requirem
ent
on
s
uffici
ent
port
is
olati
on
[
25
]
.
T
he
desig
n
init
ia
ll
y
beg
ins
with
a
c
onve
ntion
al
recta
ngular
m
ic
ro
strip
patc
h
a
nten
na
.
T
hen
an
inte
rm
ediat
e
desig
n
is
giv
e
n
wit
h
intr
oducin
g
five
C
-
sh
a
pe
sl
ots
to
achieve
t
he
dual
ba
nd
an
d
t
o
im
pr
ov
e
ra
diati
on
c
har
act
er
ist
ic
s
su
c
h
as
r
et
urn
loss
an
d
gain
.
Finall
y,
a
ne
w
la
st
desig
n
is
pro
posed
by
int
r
oducin
g
a
noth
er
recta
ngular
slot
in
the
cente
r
to
th
e
rad
ia
ti
ng
el
em
ent
to
achieve
each
resona
nt
fr
eq
uen
cy
(
2.4
GH
z
a
nd
5
.
8
GH
z
)
an
d
to
obta
in
a
good
ada
ptati
on
an
d
gain
in
bo
t
h
f
reque
ncies.
A
good
cha
racteri
sti
c
were
achieve
d
by
us
in
g
slots
te
c
hn
i
qu
e
.
All
ante
nn
a
str
uctu
res
a
re
de
sign
e
d
a
nd
a
na
ly
sed
usi
ng
c
om
pu
te
r
sim
ulati
on
te
c
hnology
(CS
T)
Mi
crowa
ve
Stud
i
o
softwa
re.
A
detai
le
d
desig
n
proce
ss
and
a
pa
ra
m
et
ric
stud
y
was
pe
rfor
m
ed
an
d
disc
us
s
ed.
A
si
m
ulati
on
an
d
exp
e
rim
ental
stud
ie
s
a
re
gi
ve
n
f
or
our
fina
l
new
a
nten
na.
The
a
nten
na
was
physi
cal
ly
bu
il
t
us
in
g
FR
4
substrat
e
in
te
le
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
s
la
borat
or
y,
Tlem
cen.
We
prov
i
de
a
com
par
ison
be
tween
exp
e
rim
ents
and
sim
ulati
on
s
res
ults
of
t
he
anten
na
retu
rn
loss.
T
he
a
nte
nn
a
ha
s
a
go
od
a
gr
eem
ent
be
tween
m
easur
em
ents
and
sim
ulati
on
s.
Finall
y,
we
validat
e
ou
r
re
su
lt
s
an
d
we
noti
ce
that
ou
r
new
ante
nn
a
de
sig
n
has
a
com
par
a
ble
dim
ension
and
offers
a
be
tt
er
adap
ta
ti
on
and
gain
value
s
com
par
ed
wi
th
so
m
e
oth
er
recent
publishe
d
a
nte
nn
a
s in
li
te
ratu
res.
2.
PREPO
SED
AN
TE
NNA
The
str
uctu
re
of the
pro
posed R
FI
D rea
der
a
nten
na
is
giv
e
n i
n
Fig
ure
1. T
his an
te
nn
a
is s
i
m
ulate
d
on
com
pu
te
r
sim
ulati
on
te
ch
no
log
y
(CST
)
s
of
t
war
e.
Desi
gn
e
d
on
a
lo
w
cost
FR
4
su
bst
rate
that
has
a
per
m
it
t
ivit
y
of
4.3,
l
os
s
ta
ngent
of
0.025
a
nd
a
c
om
pact
siz
e
of
(
34
×
34
×
1.5)
m
m
3
.
The
rad
ia
ti
ng
pa
tc
h
i
s
connecte
d
t
o
a
rectan
gu
la
r
fee
d
-
li
ne
with
a
w
idth
of
W
3
=
3.89
m
m
and
a
le
ng
t
h
of
h
3
=
10
m
m
.
On
the
oth
e
r
side
of
t
he
s
ubstrat
e,
a
c
ondu
ct
ing
par
ti
al
gr
ound
plane,
wi
th
a
width
of
W
=
34
m
m
a
nd
a
le
ngth
of
h
1
=
9
m
m
,
is
placed.
The
patc
h
an
d
the
gr
ou
nd
pl
ane
are
both
m
ade
of
co
ppe
r
m
a
te
rial
with
thicknes
s
t
=
0.035
m
m
.
The
antenn
a
is
connecte
d
to
a
50
Ω
S
MA
connect
or
for
signa
l
trans
m
issi
on
.
The
width
of
the
m
ic
ro
stri
p
feed
-
li
ne
is
ad
justed
to
im
pr
ove
m
at
ched
im
ped
a
nce.
Ta
ble
1
sho
ws
optim
iz
ed
dim
en
sion
s
of
t
he
patch,
slots
,
gro
und
plane
a
nd
substrat
e.
S
lots
we
re
em
bed
de
d
i
n
the
pri
nted
patch
to
a
chieve
t
he
pro
po
s
ed
a
nten
na
desi
gn
and
th
e
desire
d
resonan
t
f
re
quency,
an
d
to
al
so
im
pr
ov
e
the
return
loss
.
Se
ver
al
opti
m
iz
ation
pr
ocesses
were
app
li
ed
by
u
sing
c
om
pu
te
r
si
m
ulati
on
te
chnolo
gy
(CS
T
)
softwa
re.
W
e
pro
per
ly
sel
ect
the
dim
ension
s
,
po
sit
io
ns
a
nd
num
ber
of sl
ots.
Table
1.Op
ti
m
i
zed
dim
ensions of the
pro
po
se
d
R
FID
du
al
ba
nd r
e
ader ante
nn
a
Para
m
eters
Prop
o
sed
Anten
n
a (
ANT3
)
Di
m
en
sio
n
s [
m
m
]
H
h
1
h
2
h
3
h
4
W
W
1
W
2
W
3
R
1
=R
2
=..
.=R
5
34
9
12
10
18
34
22
8
3
.89
5
Figure
1. The
geo
m
et
ry o
f
t
he
prop
os
ed
RF
ID
dua
l
band
read
e
r
a
nten
na
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
A novel
c
omp
ac
t dual
band R
FID ha
ndheld
rea
der an
te
nna f
o
r
microw
ave
ISM
band…
(
Wa
hiba Belg
ac
em
)
323
3.
DESIG
N
P
R
OCEDU
RE
In
Fi
gure
2,
w
e
propose
fi
rst
a
desig
n
ante
nna
(
AN
T
1).
A
conve
ntion
al
r
ect
angular
m
icr
os
t
rip
patc
h
anten
na,
w
hich
is
design
e
d
by
app
ly
ing
e
qu
a
ti
on
s
of
the
tra
ns
m
issi
on
li
ne
m
od
el
to
reso
na
te
aro
un
d
2.4
GH
z
IS
M
ba
nd,
see
[1
1
]
.
A
rectan
gu
la
r
ra
diati
ng
patch
is
placed
on
the
t
op
side
of
the
FR4
su
bst
rate
an
d
i
t
is
fe
d
with
a
m
ic
ro
strip
li
ne
.
On
ba
ckside
o
f
t
he
substrat
e,
a
pa
rtia
l
gro
und
plane
is
em
bed
de
d.
T
he
siz
e
of
this
anten
na
(
AN
T
1),
it
s
per
f
or
m
ance
an
d
it
s
char
act
erist
ic
s
shou
l
d
m
ee
t
the
RFID
syst
em
r
equ
i
rem
ents.
Then,
in
order
t
o
achie
ve
the
du
al
ba
nd,
an
oth
e
r
an
te
nn
a
str
uctu
re
(ANT
2)
is
pr
opos
e
d
in
Fi
gure
2
by
a
dd
i
ng
five
C
-
sh
a
pe
slots.
Howe
ver
this
anten
na
was
not
adap
te
d
to
the
desir
ed
re
sonant
f
re
qu
e
nci
es.
The
refor
e
,
to
al
so
achieve
this,
a
new
de
sire
d
a
nt
enn
a
(
ANT3
)
is
finall
y
obta
ined
,
see
Fig
ur
e
2.
Se
ver
al
op
tim
iz
at
ion
pr
oc
esses
wer
e
a
pp
li
e
d
t
o
fill
fu
ll
or
sat
isfay
each
res
on
a
nt
f
reque
nc
y.
Anothe
r
rec
ta
ngular
slot
was
intr
oduce
d
in
th
e
center
to
the
ra
diati
ng
el
em
ent.
Then,
a
geom
et
rical
m
od
ific
at
ion
of
the
s
lot
di
m
ension
s
was
app
li
e
d
to
boos
t
the
anten
na
c
ha
racteri
sti
cs.
I
n
pa
rtic
ular
to
ob
ta
i
n
a
good
ada
ptati
on
a
nd
gain
i
n
bot
h
f
reque
ncies.
Thes
e
anten
nas
ar
e
pri
nted
on
the
f
ront
side
of
F
R4
substrat
e
with
the
sam
e
par
ti
al
gro
un
d
pla
ne.
T
he
pro
posed
anten
na AN
T3
g
ive
s
du
al
-
ba
nd c
har
act
e
risti
c co
ver
i
ng 2.4
GH
z
and
5.8 G
Hz.
AN
T
1
AN
T
2
A
NT
3
Figure
2.
A
nte
nn
a
d
e
sig
n
a
nd sim
ulatio
n
e
voluti
on
process
A
com
par
iso
n
of
the
ev
olu
t
ion
the
retu
r
n
losses
of
the
three
pro
po
se
d
struct
ur
es
de
sign
s
as
a
functi
on
of
f
re
qu
e
ncy
is
give
n
in
Fi
gure
3.
We
noti
ce
that
the
first
a
nten
na
(ANT
1)
wa
s
ada
pted
ne
ar
the
desire
d
fr
e
que
ncies.
The
sec
ond
desi
gn
(
A
NT
2)
with
five
slots
has
a
poor
retu
r
n
lo
ss
f
act
or
a
nd
t
her
e
exists
a
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
dev
i
at
ion
from
the
desire
d
fr
e
qu
encies,
i.e
2.4
G
Hz
a
nd
5.8
G
Hz.
Finall
y,
f
or
t
he
la
st
a
nten
na
desig
n
(
A
NT3),
we
noti
ce
that
the
ret
urn
loss
an
d
the
i
m
ped
ance
m
atch
in
g
was
im
pro
ved
by
ad
di
ng
the
rectan
gu
la
r
slo
t
and
with
a
dju
sti
ng
it
s
di
m
e
ns
io
n
an
d
posi
ti
on
al
ong
the
rad
ia
ti
ng
el
em
ent.
The
a
nten
na
wa
s
adap
te
d
at
t
he e
xact f
reque
nci
es.
Figure
3. Sim
ulate
d
retu
r
n
los
ses v
e
rs
us
fr
e
quency
f
or
t
he
t
hr
ee
d
esi
gn
e
d anten
nas
3.1.
P
ara
me
tr
ic
st
ud
y
A
par
am
et
ric
stud
y
of
t
he
propose
d
a
nten
na
was
pe
rfor
m
ed
us
in
g
CST
Mi
cro
wa
ve
Stud
i
o.
In
fact,
we
va
riat
e
the
slot
(rec
ta
ng
ular)
wi
dth
,
le
ng
t
h,
a
nd
t
he
posit
ion
t
o
s
ee
their
ef
fect
s
on
the
im
ped
ance
m
at
ching
an
d
t
o
opti
m
iz
e
the
final
desi
gn.
Howe
ver,
the
on
ly
one
that
has
a
sig
nifica
nt
eff
ect
on
t
he
resu
lt
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
, N
o.
1
,
Ju
ly
2021
:
3
2
1
-
3
2
9
324
ob
ta
ine
d
is
t
he
slot
widt
h.
T
he
Fig
ure
4,
s
ho
ws
a
c
om
par
ison
grap
h
of
t
he
evo
l
utio
n
of
t
he
ret
ur
n
lo
sse
s
w
hen
the
slot
widt
h
i
s
incr
eased
f
rom
2.
5
m
m
to
8
m
m
.
W
he
re,
the
retu
rn
loss
peaks
wer
e
inc
reased
by
inc
re
asi
ng
the
slot
widt
h.
Table
2
pr
ese
nt
s
a
com
par
ai
s
on
of
the
obta
ined
res
ults
in
t
erm
s
of
im
ped
ance
m
at
ching
,
gai
n
and the
volt
age
sta
ndin
g wa
ve
r
at
io
(VS
W
R
)
.
Figure
4.
Re
tur
n
lo
sses
for di
f
fer
e
nt w
i
dth
va
lues
W2 of sl
ot
Table
2.
T
he
sim
ula
ti
on
r
e
su
lt
s an
te
nn
a
for d
iffer
e
nt
values
of slot
width
W
id
th
[
m
m
]
Retu
rn lo
ss
[
d
B]
Gain
[
d
Bi]
VSW
R
f=
2
.4
G
Hz.
f=
5
.8 GHz.
f=
2
.4
G
Hz.
f=
5
.8 GHz.
f=
2
.4 GHz.
f=
5
.8 GHz.
W
2
=
2
.5
-
1
2
.77
-
1
1
.04
1
.63
4
.61
1
.61
1.
7
9
W
2
=
5
-
1
3
.26
-
1
1
.2
3
1
.64
4
.76
1
.59
1.
7
7
W
2
=
6
.5
-
1
4
.74
-
1
1
.66
1
.66
9
4
.96
2
1
.44
1
.
7
W
2
=
8
-
1
8
.53
-
1
2
.0
7
1
.72
4
5
.02
1
.26
1
.
6
6
4.
SIMULATI
O
NS
A
ND R
ES
ULTS
In
th
e
f
ollow
i
ng,
we
prese
nt
so
m
e
oth
er
si
m
ula
ti
on
s
of
the
pr
opos
e
d
a
nten
na
to
in
ve
sti
gate
the
bi
-
band
ope
rati
on
prop
e
rtie
s,
f
or
exam
ple,
to
sh
ow
res
ults
of
rad
ia
ti
on
patte
r
ns
,
the
gain,
t
he
eff
ic
ie
ncy,
a
nd
the
current
distri
buti
on
.
4.1.
Ret
u
rn l
os
s
versu
s f
r
e
quenc
y
The
Fig
ure
5
sh
ows
the
sim
ulati
on
res
ult
of
the
ret
urn
loss
versus
frequ
e
ncy
of
th
e
pr
op
os
e
d
anten
na.
T
he
grap
h
sho
ws
cl
early
that
the
design
pr
ov
i
des
a
good
ret
urn
lo
ss
of
−1
8.9
5
dB
and
−1
2.09
dB
at
the
operati
ng
f
reque
ncies
2.4
GH
z
a
nd
5
.
8
GH
z
respec
ti
vily
.
The
Fig
ur
e
6
sho
ws
the
si
m
ula
ti
on
res
ult
of
the
vo
lt
age
sta
nding
wa
ve
rati
o
(V
S
WR)
as
a
functi
on
of
fr
e
qu
e
ncy.
T
he
si
m
ulati
on
dem
on
strat
es
th
at
the
anten
na
is
well
ad
a
pted
a
nd
prov
i
des
a
b
et
te
r
VSW
R
of
1.2
6 at
2
.
4 G
Hz
a
nd
1.66 at
5.8 G
Hz.
Figure
5. Sim
ulate
d
r
et
ur
n
los
s v
e
rsus fre
qu
e
ncy of
the pr
opos
e
d
a
nten
na
Figure
6. V
S
WR
of the
pro
po
sed
a
nten
na
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
A novel
c
omp
ac
t dual
band R
FID ha
ndheld
rea
der an
te
nna f
o
r
microw
ave
ISM
band…
(
Wa
hiba Belg
ac
em
)
325
4.2.
Radia
tio
n pat
terns an
d gain
Fig
ure
s
7
prese
nt
s
a
3D
ra
diati
on
patte
r
n
at
t
he
res
on
a
nt
fr
e
qu
e
ncies
2.4
a
nd
5
.
8
GH
z o
f
the
ante
nna.
Fo
r
the
tw
o
fr
e
qu
e
ncies,
we
noti
ce
that
the
rad
ia
te
d
powe
r
is
con
cent
rated
al
on
g
the
x
-
z
plane.
T
he
Fig
ur
e
8
sh
ows
the
gain
at
the
op
erati
ng
fr
e
quency
ba
nd
s
for
the
pr
opose
d
a
nten
na.
The
gain
ob
ta
ined
of
this
ant
enn
a
is
equ
al
to
1.7
dBi
at
2.4
G
Hz
an
d
5
dBi
at
5.8
G
Hz.
W
her
e
,
these
gai
ns
sat
isfy
the
r
equ
i
rem
ent
of
RFID
app
li
cat
io
ns
in
far
fiel
d.
Fig
ure
s
9
pr
es
ent
the
2D
ra
diati
on
patte
r
n
in
the
E
-
pla
ne
an
d
H
-
pla
ne
at
the
re
so
na
nt
fr
e
qu
e
ncies
2.
4
an
d
5.8
G
Hz
of
the
ante
nn
a
.
W
e
noti
ce
that
in
the
E
-
pla
ne
an
d
H
-
pla
ne
the
anten
na
r
adiat
es
bid
irect
io
nally
at 2.4
GH
z
and
provides
an o
m
nid
irect
ion
al
r
adiat
io
n patt
er
n
at
5.8 GHz
.
(a)
(b)
Figure
7. Sim
ulate
d
3D
rad
ia
t
ion
patte
r
ns
at
(a)
2.4 G
Hz
a
nd
(b) 5.
8 GH
z
Figure
8.
Sim
ulate
d
gai
n of
t
he
prop
os
ed
an
t
enn
a
v
e
rs
us
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
(a)
(b)
Figure
9. Sim
ulate
d
2D
rad
ia
t
ion
patte
r
n
at
2.4 G
Hz
(
a) a
nd
5
.
8 G
Hz
(
b)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
, N
o.
1
,
Ju
ly
2021
:
3
2
1
-
3
2
9
326
4.3.
S
urf
ace
current
distri
but
io
ns
Fig
ure
s
10
s
ho
ws
the
sim
ulatio
n
res
ults
of
s
urface
cu
rr
e
nt
distrib
utions
of
the
anten
na
at
fr
e
qu
e
ncies
2.4
an
d
5.8
G
Hz.
We
noti
ce
that
the
cu
rr
e
nt
is
con
ce
ntrated
on
the
m
ic
ro
strip
li
ne
a
nd
arou
nd
t
he
slot
.
Also,
strong
distri
bu
t
ion
s
at
2.4
G
H
z,
th
os
e
a
re
c
oncent
rated
nea
r
the
rig
ht
-
e
dg
e
of
the
patc
h.
Wh
e
re,
the
radi
at
ion
char
act
e
risti
cs
are
sta
ble.
W
e n
otice
th
at
pe
rfor
m
ances
are
s
tro
ng
ly
af
fecte
d
by
the num
ber
a
nd
ra
diu
s
of
slots
and b
y t
he
m
icr
o
-
strip
f
ee
d
-
li
ne dim
ension
s.
(a)
(b)
Figure
10. Su
rfac
e cu
rr
e
nt
distrib
ution o
f
th
e
pro
po
se
d
a
nten
na
at
2.4 GHz
and 5.8
GHz
5.
A
P
HYSIC
AL
R
EALI
SA
TI
ON OF THE
CIRC
UIT
ANT
ENN
A
In
Fig
ur
e
11,
s
om
e
ph
ot
ogra
phs
wer
e
ta
ke
n
of
t
he
ph
ysi
cal
prototyp
e
of
t
he
du
al
ba
nd
RFID
Re
ade
r
anten
na
us
in
g
FR4
s
ubstrat
e
(thick
ness
of
1.5
m
m
,
a
relat
i
ve
per
m
it
t
ivit
y
of
4.3
an
d
l
oss
t
ang
e
nt
of
0.025
).
The
Fig
ur
e
11
(
a
)
presen
ts
th
e
fro
nt
vie
w
a
nd
Fig
ure
11(
b
)
sho
ws
t
he
back
vie
w.
Th
e
achie
vem
ent
of
th
e
prototype
of
the
anten
na
pe
rm
i
ts
to
check
it
s
per
f
orm
ances
and
t
o
validat
e
ou
r
resu
lt
s
obta
ined
by
si
m
ulati
on
s.
(a)
(b)
Figure
11. Ph
ot
ographs o
f
the
f
a
br
ic
at
ed
an
t
enn
a
,
(a)
Fro
nt v
ie
w
, (b
)
Ba
c
k view
6.
MEASU
REM
ENT RES
UL
TS
We
us
e
d
a
ne
twork
a
naly
ser
for
the
ex
pe
rim
ent
or
the
m
easur
em
ent
proce
dure
to
ob
s
er
ve
the
ref
le
ct
io
n
cha
r
act
erist
ic
s,
as
sh
ow
n
in
Fig
ure
12.
T
he
m
easur
e
d
a
nd
si
m
ula
te
d
retu
rn
loss
c
urves
of
the
pro
po
se
d
a
nte
nn
a
a
re
giv
e
n
in
Fig
ur
e
13.
We
noti
ce
that
the
m
e
asur
ed
return
l
os
s
is
in
ag
reem
ent
with
the
si
m
ulate
d
on
e
acro
s
s
the
w
ho
le
op
e
rati
ng
ba
nd
with
a
n
acc
eptable
disc
re
pa
ncy
f
or
the
re
so
na
nce
fr
e
que
ncy
2.4 GHz
due t
o t
he
m
anu
fact
uri
ng tolera
nce
and the e
ff
e
ct
of the
feed
i
ng
cable.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
A novel
c
omp
ac
t dual
band R
FID ha
ndheld
rea
der an
te
nna f
o
r
microw
ave
ISM
band…
(
Wa
hiba Belg
ac
em
)
327
Figure
12. Mea
su
re
d
retu
r
n l
oss usi
ng a
netw
ork
a
naly
zer
Fi
gure
13. Mea
su
re
d
a
nd sim
ulate
d
retu
r
n
los
s of the
pr
opose
d
a
nten
na
7.
PERFO
R
MANC
E
COMP
A
RIS
O
N WIT
H P
REVIOU
S PU
BL
I
SHE
D
LIT
ER
AT
UR
E
Table
3
su
m
m
arized
a
c
om
par
iso
n
of
our
a
nten
na
a
bove
and
so
m
e
oth
e
r
rece
nt
published
ante
nna
s
in
te
rm
s
of
siz
e,
ada
ptati
on
a
nd
gai
n.
It
is
c
le
arly
sh
ow
n
t
hat
ou
r
a
nten
na
has
a
c
om
par
able
dim
ension
a
nd
offer
s
a
bette
r a
dap
ta
ti
on a
nd
gain value
s c
om
par
ed
with
o
t
her ante
nn
as
g
i
ven in
[
2], [4],
[5
]
.
Table
3.
Per
for
m
ance co
m
par
ison o
f o
ur
ante
nn
a
w
it
h s
om
e
oth
e
r
rece
nt
a
nt
en
nas
that
we fo
und i
n
li
te
rat
ur
e
Ref
.
Ban
d
-
wid
e (
S1
1
<
-
1
0
dB
)
Size (
m
m
)
Gain
(
d
Bi)
[
2
]
Mon
o
p
o
le Ant
en
n
a
2
.35
–
2
.7
4
GHz,
5.
2
–
6
.5 GHz
3
8
m
m
x 3
5
m
m
1
.
5
m
m
1
.36
(dB
i),
2.3
(
d
Bi)
[
4
]
p
atch
anten
n
a
2
,39
–
2
,4
9
6
GHz,
5.5
8
5
–
6
,1
6
4
GHz
2
6
m
m
x 2
8
m
m
x
1
,6
m
m
2
,09
(dB
i),
3,5
1
(
d
Bi)
[
5
]
m
eta
m
ateri
al
m
i
cros
trip
an
ten
n
a
2
.37
2
–
2
.52
1
GHz,
5.7
1
3
6
–
5
.921GHz
3
4
m
m
x 3
4
m
m
x
1
,6
m
m
1
,92
5
(dB
i),
3,3
8
5
(
d
Bi)
Prop
o
sed
anten
n
a
2
,26
–
2
,6
8
GHz
,
4
.
5
3
6
–
5
.985 GHz
3
4
m
m
x 3
4
m
m
x
1
,5
m
m
1
.7 (dB
i),
5
(dB
i
)
8.
CONCL
US
I
O
N
A
ne
w
desig
n
of
a
com
pact
and
low
pr
of
il
e
dual
band
RFI
D
read
e
r
anten
na
f
or
IS
M
band
app
li
cat
io
ns
ha
s
bee
n
pro
pose
d,
im
ple
m
ented
a
nd
m
easur
e
d.
G
ood
cha
rac
te
risti
cs
wer
e
a
chieve
d
by
us
ing
the
slots
te
chn
i
qu
e
.
Nu
m
erous
slots
ha
ve
bee
n
intr
oduce
d
al
ong
the
le
ngth
of
the
rad
ia
ti
ng
el
e
m
ent
to
red
uc
e
th
e
anten
na
dim
ension
s
,
to
ac
hieve
the
du
al
ba
nd
a
nd
to
im
pr
ov
e
rad
ia
ti
on
c
har
act
erist
ic
s
s
uch
as
retu
rn
l
os
s
a
nd
gain.
A
g
oo
d
a
gr
eem
ent
betw
een
m
easur
em
ent
an
d
the r
es
ult
of
sim
ulati
on
s,
wh
ic
h
valid
at
e
this
anten
na
.
O
ur
anten
na
is c
ov
erin
g
a
dual
b
a
nd w
it
h g
ood c
har
act
erist
ic
s.
FUNDI
NG
This
resea
rch
was
sup
ported
by
the
Director
at
e
-
Ge
ner
al
of
sci
entifi
c
r
esearch
a
nd
te
chnolo
gical
dev
el
op
m
ent
(P
r
oject
no.
22
/
Un
i
v.
Tle
m
c
en/D
GRSDT:
“An
te
nn
as
de
si
gn
a
nd
op
tim
iz
at
ion
for
RFID
syst
e
m
s”.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
, N
o.
1
,
Ju
ly
2021
:
3
2
1
-
3
2
9
328
ACKN
OWLE
DGME
NTS
The
a
uthor
s
w
ou
l
d
li
ke
t
o
grat
efu
ll
y
ack
nowled
ge
P
r.
FE
HA
M
M
oham
ed,
from
STIC
la
borato
ry
of
the Unive
rsity
o
f
Tlem
cen,
for his t
ech
nical
su
pp
or
t i
n pro
vi
din
g t
he
e
xper
i
m
ental
d
at
a.
REFERE
NCE
S
[1]
K
Fink
enz
eller
,
“
RF
ID
Handbook:
Fundam
ent
al
s
and
Applicati
on
s
in
Conta
ctless
Sm
art
Cards
and
Ide
nti
f
ic
a
ti
on
,
”
3rd E
dit
io
n.
Joh
n
Wile
y
and
Son
s Inc
.
New York
.
2010,
doi:
10.
10
02/0470868023.ch9.
[2]
A.
El
Ham
rao
ui,
E.
Abdelmounim
,
J.
Zbi
tou,
H.
Benni
s,
M.
La
t
rac
h,
"A
New
D
esign
of
a
CP
W
-
Fed
Dual
-
Band
Mon
opole
Ante
nna
for
RF
ID
Rea
der
s,
"
Int
ern
ati
onal
Journal
of
El
e
ct
ri
cal
an
d
Computer
Engi
nee
ring
,
vol.
8,
no
.
2
,
pp
.
1040
-
1047,
2018
,
doi
:
10.
11591/ijece.
v
8i2.
pp1040
-
104
7.
[3]
Ankita
B
at
t
a
R
uchi
,
“
Multi
ban
d
Microstri
p
Pa
tc
h
Ant
enna
fo
r
RF
ID
Applic
a
t
ions
,
”
In
te
rnati
onal
Journal
of
Adv
anc
ed Re
sea
rch
in
Comput
er
and
Comm
unication Engi
ne
erin
g
,
vol
.
5
,
no
.
8
,
2
016
.
[4]
Y.
Hac
himi,
Yas
sin
e
Gm
ih,
E.
Makroum
,
A.
Farc
hi,
"
A
compac
t
dual
-
band
an
te
n
na
inc
lud
ing
s
y
m
m
et
ric
al
slots
f
or
2.
45/5.
8
GH
z
h
an
dhel
d
RF
ID
rea
der
applicati
ons,"
2018
4th
Inte
rnationa
l
Confe
renc
e
on
Optimizati
on
an
d
Appl
ic
a
ti
ons (
ICOA)
,
2018
,
doi
:
10.
1109/ICOA.2
018.
8370532.
[5]
A.
Enna
j
ih,
B
.
Nasiri,
J.
Zbi
tou
,
A.
Err
k
ik,
M.
La
tr
ac
h
,
"A
New
Design
of
a
Com
pac
t
Meta
m
at
er
ia
l
Ant
enna
for
RF
ID Handhe
ld A
ppli
cations,
"
Majl
esi
Journal of
E
le
c
tric
al
En
gine
ering
,
vol
.
1
3,
no
.
2
,
pp
.
41
-
47,
2019
.
[6]
J.
Anguera
,
E.
Marti
ne
z,
C
.
Pu
ent
e
,
C.
Borja,
J
.
Soler
,
"Broad
-
band
dual
-
f
req
u
ency
m
ic
rostr
ip
pat
ch
antenna
w
it
h
m
odifi
ed
Sierpins
ki
fr
ac
t
al
g
eo
m
et
r
y
,
"
in
An
tennas
and
Propagati
on,
I
EE
E
Tr
ansacti
ons
on
,
v
ol.
52,
no
.
1
,
pp.
66
-
73
,
2004
,
doi:
10.
1109
/TA
P.2003.
822433.
[7]
N.
M.
Sahar
,
M.
T
Islam
,
N.
Mis
ran
,
“
Design
of
dual
band
ant
e
nn
a
for
RF
ID
appl
i
ca
t
ions,”
In
te
rna
ti
onal
Journal
of
El
e
ct
rica
l
and
Computer
Engi
ne
ering
(IJ
ECE
)
,
vol.
9,
no.
4,
pp.
3146
-
3152
,
2019
,
doi
:
10.
11591/ijece.
v
9i4.
pp3146
-
315
2.
[8]
F.
La
i
,
Ji.
Yang
,
Y.
Chen
,
"Com
pac
t
Dual
-
B
and
Circ
ula
r
l
y
Pola
riz
ed
Ante
nna
Us
ing
Double
Cross
Dipole
s
f
or
RF
ID
Handhe
ld
Rea
der
s
,
"
IEEE
Ant
ennas
and
W
irel
ess
Propagat
ion
Lett
ers
,
vo
l
.
19,
no.
8
,
pp.
14
29
-
1433,
2020,
doi:
10
.
1109/L
A
W
P.2020.
3004881.
[9]
A.
Pande
y
,
R.
Mishra
"Com
pa
ct
Dual
Band
Monopole
Ante
nna
for
RF
ID
and
W
LAN
App
li
c
at
ions
,
"
Sc
ie
n
c
e
direc
t
,
vol
.
5
,
no
.
1
,
pp
.
403
-
407
,
2018,
doi:
10.
1
016
/j
.
m
at
pr
.
201
7.
11.
098
.
[10]
D.
Inserra
,
G.
W
en,
“
Com
pac
t
Cross
ed
Dipole
A
nte
nna
with
Mea
nder
ed
Serie
s
Pow
er
Divide
r
for
UH
F
RF
ID
Ta
g
and
Handhe
ld
R
ea
de
Dev
ic
es
,
"
I
EE
E
Tr
ansacti
o
ns
on
Ant
ennas
and
Propagati
on
,
vol.
67,
no
.
6
,
pp.
4195
-
4199,
2019,
doi
:
10
.
11
09/T
AP
.
2019.
29
05926.
[11]
W
.
Ahm
ed,
Q.
F
eng,
Zh
.
Xiong,
and
MK
.
.
Khan,
“
A
Co
m
pac
t
Univer
sal
Antenn
a
Desig
n
for
UH
F
RF
ID
Handhe
ld
Rea
der
,
”
Progre
ss
in
Elec
tromag
net
i
cs
Re
sear
ch
C
, v
ol
.
91
,
pp
.
1
73
-
183,
2019
,
d
oi:
10
.
2528/PIE
RC19012505.
[12]
W
.
Ahm
ed
and
F.
Quan
y
u
an
,
"
A
N
ovel
Com
pac
t
CP
Antenn
a
with
W
ide
Axia
l
Ratio
Bandwid
th
for
W
orldwid
e
UH
F
R
FID
Handhe
ld
Reader
,
"
Inte
rnat
i
onal
Journal
of
Ant
ennas
and
Propag
ati
on
2019
,
doi:
10.
1155/2019/
24
97450.
[13]
A.
Enna
j
ih,
J
.
Z
bit
ou,
M.
Latra
c
h,
A.
Err
k
ik,
L.
El
Abdel
la
oui
,
A.
Ta
jmoua
ti
,
"
A
Novel
Design
of
a
Mini
at
ur
e
Meta
m
at
er
ia
l
Anten
na
for
R
FID
Rea
der
Applicati
ons,
”
T
ELKOMNIKA
(Tele
communic
a
t
ion,
Comput
ing
,
El
e
ct
ronics
and
Control)
, v
ol.
16
,
no
.
1
,
pp
.
94
-
1
01,
2018
,
doi
:
10
.
11591/i
j
ece.
v7
i
6.
pp3507
-
3514.
[14]
Y.
Jung
and
B.
Le
e
,
"
Dual
-
Ba
nd
Circ
ularl
y
Polarize
d
Micros
tri
p
RF
ID
Rea
d
er
Antenna
Us
i
ng
Meta
m
at
er
ial
Branc
h
-
L
ine
Co
uple
r,
"
I
EE
E
Tr
ansacti
ons
on
A
nte
nnas
and
Pro
pagati
on
,
vo
l.
6
0,
no
.
2
,
pp.
78
6
-
791,
2012,
do
i
:
10.
1109/T
AP
.
20
11.
2167943.
[15]
M.
Iha
m
ji
,
El.
Abdelmounim
,
H.
Benni
s,
M.
Hefna
wi,
M.
Latra
c
h,
“
Design
of
C
om
pac
t
Tri
-
band
Frac
ta
l
Anten
n
a
for
RF
ID
Rea
der
s
,
’’
Int
ernati
o
nal
Journal
of
El
e
ct
rica
l
and
Computer
Enginee
ring
(
IJE
CE
)
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“
Com
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0.
92/2.
45
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z
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Band
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ct
ion
al
Cir
cula
r
l
y
Polari
z
ed
Micro
strip
Antenna
f
or
Handhe
ld
RF
ID
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der
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ic
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,
"D
efe
c
ti
ve
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For
C
irc
ul
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Pol
ariz
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p
Ante
nna
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Mi
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a
ti
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”
1
1th
Inte
rnationa
l
Confe
renc
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on
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lligen
t
System
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La
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“
A
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Fed
Dual
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Uni
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communic
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t
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el
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aj
id
Far
chi
,
“
A
Minia
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ze
d
Patc
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a
Desig
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M
anuf
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f
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Mobile
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rn
ati
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“
Dual
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92
GH
z
Ne
ar
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Fiel
d
and
2.
4
5
GH
z
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Field
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ti
ons
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”
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nte
rnational
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rnal
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
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N:
25
02
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4752
A novel
c
omp
ac
t dual
band R
FID ha
ndheld
rea
der an
te
nna f
o
r
microw
ave
ISM
band…
(
Wa
hiba Belg
ac
em
)
329
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G.
Xiao
et
al.,
"P
rint
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UH
F
RF
ID
Rea
der
Ant
enna
s
for
Pot
ential
Retail
Appli
ca
t
i
ons,"
IE
EE
Journal
of
Rad
i
o
Freque
nc
y
Id
entifi
ca
ti
on
,
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2
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09/JRF
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H.
Ti
z
y
i
,
F.
R
io
uch
,
A.
Na
ji
d
,
A.
Tri
bak
,
Ange
l
Media
vi
lla,
"D
esign
of
a
Com
pac
t
Dua
l
-
band
M
ic
rostrip
RF
ID
Rea
der
Antenn
a,"
Inte
rnationa
l J
ournal
of
M
ic
ro
wave
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l
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R.
Caso,
A.
Michel,
M.
Rodri
guez
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Pino,
and
P.
Nepa
,
“
Dual
-
Band
UH
F
-
RF
ID/W
LAN
Circ
ula
rl
y
Polarize
d
Antenna
for
Portable
RF
ID
Rea
der
s,
”
IE
EE
Tr
ansacti
ons
on
Ant
ennas
a
nd
Propagati
on
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A.
Aza
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M.
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J.
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“
A
Novel
Ci
rcu
l
ar
l
y
Polarize
d
Dual
-
band
Slot
A
nte
nna
for
RF
I
D
Applic
a
ti
ons,
”
I
EE
E
GCC
Confer
enc
e
and
Ex
h
ib
it
ion
(
GCC)
,
Februa
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M.
S.
Kim
e
t
a
l.,
“
Adapti
v
e
TX
le
ak
age
ca
n
cele
r
for
th
e
UH
F
RF
ID
rea
d
er
fron
t
e
nd
using
a
dir
ec
t
leak
y
coupl
in
g
m
et
hod,
”
IEEE T
rans
.
Ind.
E
le
c
t
ron
.
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vol
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61
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J.
K.
Pakkat
hil
l
a
m
,
M.
Kana
gasa
bai
and
M.
G.
N.
Alsath,
"Com
pac
t
Multi
se
rvice
UH
F
RF
I
D
Rea
der
Antenna
for
Nea
r
-
Fiel
d
and
Far
-
Fiel
d
Opera
ti
ons,"
IEEE
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te
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Wirel
ess
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8
GH
z
dual
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ch
antenna
with
FS
S
ref
lector
for
ra
d
ia
ti
on
par
amete
r
s
enha
nc
ement,”
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nt.
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l
ectron. Com
mun
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ult
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c
ti
ve
Opt
imization
Design
f
or
El
e
ct
ri
call
y
La
rge
Cov
era
g
e
:
Fragm
ent
-
T
y
pe
Nea
r
-
Fiel
d
\
/FarF
ie
ld
UH
F
RF
ID
Rea
der
Ant
e
nna
Design,
"
I
EE
E
Ant
ennas
and
Propagati
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n
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loop
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der
an
te
nn
a
for
nea
r
f
ie
ld
and
far
fi
el
d
UH
F
RF
ID
ta
gs,”
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pac
t
Frequ
ency
Hopping
RF
ID
Rea
der
at
5
.
8
GH
z
for
Sensing
Applic
a
ti
ons i
n
Space
,
”
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EE
E
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urnal
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reque
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Batta,
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“
Multi
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Micr
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Ant
enna
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ons,”
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JA
RCCE
(
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rnational
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anc
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sea
rch
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ut
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r
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ive
UH
F
Rea
der
Loop
Antenna
for
Ne
a
r
-
Fiel
d
and
Far
-
Fi
el
d
RF
ID
Applic
ations,"
Ant
enn
as
and
Wirel
ess
Propagati
on
Let
te
rs
,
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AW
P.2012.
2200870.
BIOGR
AP
HI
ES OF
A
UTH
ORS
Bel
gac
em
W
ahib
a
was
born
in
Tl
emce
n
(Alg
eria)
in
1991,
She
rec
e
ive
d
a
m
aster
degr
ee
in
Te
lecom
m
unic
ation
fi
ld
at
Tlem
ce
n
Unive
rsit
y
in
2014
and
Ph.D
studia
n
t
a
t
Tl
emce
n
Univer
sit
y
,
Alg
eri
a
2020
.
She
has
bee
n
m
ovin
g
int
o
new
rese
arc
h
ar
ea
s
an
al
y
sis
and
design
sm
art
antenna
.
In
addi
t
io
n
to
topi
cs
in
sa
t
el
lite
antenna
technolog
y
,
she
is
pursuing
rese
arc
h
in
nove
l
pl
at
form
s such as
wea
r
abl
e
RF
ID t
ec
hno
log
y
.
Mi
loud
Bou
sahl
a
was
born
in
Sidi
Bel
Abbès
,
Alger
i
a,
in
1969
.
He
rec
e
ive
d
th
e
dipl
om
a
of
stat
e
engi
n
ee
r
in
El
ectroni
cs
(
1993)
from
the
Sidi
Bel
Abbès
Univer
sit
y
,
Mag
ist
er
degr
e
e
in
El
e
ct
roni
cs
(1999)
and
doct
or
at
e
deg
ree
from
Abou
Bekr
Bel
kaı
d
Univer
sit
y
Tl
em
cen
(2012).
He
is
cur
ren
tly
a
Junior
Le
c
ture
r
in
th
e
Abou
BekrBe
lkaıd
Univer
sit
y
.
Al
so
he
is
a
Junior
Resea
rch
er
withi
n
the
Te
l
ec
om
m
unic
ations
La
bora
tor
y.
He
works
on
design,
ana
l
y
sis
and
s
y
nthe
sis
of
ant
e
nna
and
conf
orm
al
ant
enna
an
d
the
ir
appl
i
ca
t
ions
in
comm
unic
at
ion and
rad
ar
s
y
stem
s.
Sid
i
Mohamme
d
Me
ri
ah
was
born
in
Tlem
ce
n
(Alge
ri
a)
in
1970.
He
re
ceive
d
th
e
dipl
om
a
of
state
engi
ne
er
in
El
e
ct
roni
cs
(1992)
from
Nati
onal
Pol
y
technic
Coll
ege,
Magiste
r
degr
e
e
in
El
ectroni
cs
(1997)
and
doctorat
e
degr
ee
fro
m
Tl
emce
n
Univer
sit
y
(2005).
He
is
a
Senior
Lectu
re
r
in
Tl
emc
en
U
nive
rsit
y
and
h
e
is
the
Di
recto
r
of
th
e
Te
l
ec
om
m
unic
ations
La
bora
tor
y
LT
T
.
His
cu
rre
nt
r
ese
ar
ch
int
er
est
in
cl
ude
s
UW
B
Antenna
s,
ch
ipl
e
ss
RF
I
D
Ta
g,
Re
fle
c
ta
rr
a
y
,
heur
isti
c
sea
rch
a
lgori
t
hm
,
ana
l
y
sis
and
design
sm
art
ant
enn
a
a
nd
arr
a
y
antenn
as
pat
t
e
rn
s
y
nth
esis,
RAD
AR
and
m
ic
rowave
i
m
agi
ng
s
y
stems
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.