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o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
2
4
,
No
.
2
,
No
v
em
b
er
20
21
:
6
7
3
-
679
674
m
o
d
u
l
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t
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c
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l
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.
2.
SYST
E
M
CO
NF
I
G
URA
T
I
O
N
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
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th
e
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ter
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tially
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s
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-
p
h
ase
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p
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u
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ly
v
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in
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lated
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N
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2
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I
n
d
o
n
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J
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lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
2
4
,
No
.
2
,
No
v
em
b
er
20
21
:
6
7
3
-
679
676
3.
M
O
DUL
AT
I
O
N
T
E
CH
NIQ
UE
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o
r
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latio
n
m
eth
o
d
[
1
6
]
-
[
1
8
]
in
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
to
p
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
th
e
g
e
n
er
atio
n
o
f
g
ate
p
u
ls
e
t
o
I
GB
T
s
[
1
6
]
-
[
1
8
]
.
8
-
tr
ia
n
g
u
lar
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
ar
e
s
tack
ed
o
n
t
o
p
o
f
ea
ch
o
th
er
with
a
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
wav
ef
o
r
m
o
n
t
o
p
.
T
h
e
s
in
e
wav
e
is
k
n
o
wn
as
a
wav
e
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
an
d
ca
r
r
ier
wav
e
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
tr
ian
g
u
lar
wav
e
.
T
h
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
wav
e
is
im
p
ac
ted
b
y
ea
ch
ca
r
r
ier
wav
e
at
ce
r
tain
in
ter
v
als
th
at
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
a
s
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
,
1
'
,
2
'
,
3
'
,
an
d
4
'
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
p
u
ls
es
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
ar
e
P1
-
P4
an
d
N1
-
N4
b
ec
a
u
s
e
o
f
th
e
in
t
er
ac
tio
n
s
am
o
n
g
th
e
ca
r
r
ier
an
d
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
wav
es.
T
h
ese
p
u
ls
es
ar
e
ef
f
icien
tly
u
s
ed
to
g
en
er
ate
th
e
n
in
e
-
lev
el
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
v
ia
lo
g
ical
g
ate
cir
cu
its
.
I
n
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
ter
m
s
is
d
ef
in
ed
t
h
e
"
m
o
d
u
latio
n
in
d
ex
(
M.
I
.
)
"
th
at
r
ep
r
esen
ts
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
o
u
tp
u
t
lev
els [
1
9
]
:
M.I
.
=
0
4
×
(
1
)
T
ab
le
1
.
Switch
in
g
s
eq
u
en
ce
o
f
th
e
in
v
e
r
ter
O
u
t
p
u
t
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
l
e
v
e
l
(
V
O
)
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
S7
S8
4
V
dc
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
3
V
dc
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
2
V
dc
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
V
dc
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
+
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
-
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
-
V
dc
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
-
2
V
dc
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
-
3
V
dc
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
-
4
V
dc
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Sin
e
-
tr
ia
n
g
le
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
PW
M
s
ch
em
e
4.
SI
M
UL
A
T
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
S
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
al'
s
f
u
n
ctio
n
ality
is
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
u
s
in
g
"M
AT
L
A
B
"
s
im
u
latio
n
[
2
0
]
-
[
2
2
]
an
d
is
v
alid
ated
to
s
h
o
w
h
o
w
it
will
p
er
f
o
r
m
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
,
t
h
e
r
esu
ltin
g
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
is
ex
p
ec
ted
to
b
e
2
3
0
v
o
lts
an
d
5
0
Her
tz.
Par
am
eter
s
ev
alu
ated
f
o
r
s
im
u
latio
n
wo
r
k
also
f
ea
tu
r
e
alter
n
ativ
e
v
al
u
es
in
T
ab
le
2
.
T
h
e
M.
I
.
o
f
0
.
9
m
a
y
b
e
s
ee
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
a)
,
wh
e
r
e
it
s
h
o
ws
th
e
in
v
er
ter
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
th
e
m
atch
in
g
c
u
r
r
en
t
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
.
T
h
e
9
-
lev
el
v
o
ltag
e
s
ig
n
al
is
s
h
o
wn
,
al
o
n
g
with
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t.
I
t
is
ev
id
e
n
t
th
a
t
th
e
M.
I
.
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
r
ed
u
ce
s
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
m
a
x
im
u
m
v
alu
e
(
V
0peak
)
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
b
)
s
h
o
ws
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
o
f
th
e
FF
T
at
v
ar
io
u
s
M.
I
v
alu
es.
W
h
en
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
is
m
o
d
u
late
d
at
0
.
9
,
V
0peak
is
d
etec
ted
as 3
6
1
V,
with
th
e
"
to
tal
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
(
T
HD)
"
b
ein
g
1
6
.
6
%
an
d
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
o
f
th
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
o
u
tp
u
t
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
is
d
is
p
lay
ed
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
c)
.
A
v
a
lu
e
o
f
6
.
4
A
with
a
m
o
d
u
latio
n
o
f
0
.
9
an
d
T
HD
o
f
a
r
o
u
n
d
0
.
5
%
is
o
b
s
er
v
ed
in
th
e
I
0peak
v
alu
e.
T
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
w
av
ef
o
r
m
a
n
d
"in
v
e
r
ter
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e"
f
o
r
a
n
M.
I
.
is
d
is
p
lay
ed
at
0
.
7
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
(
a)
an
d
t
h
e
ass
o
ciate
d
lo
ad
cu
r
r
e
n
t
f
o
r
th
at
s
ev
en
-
lev
el
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
wav
ef
o
r
m
.
I
t
is
ev
id
en
t
th
at
th
e
M.
I
.
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
r
ed
u
ce
s
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
m
ax
im
u
m
v
alu
e
(
V
0p
eak
)
.
T
h
e
d
r
o
p
in
M.
I
.
lead
s
to
a
g
r
o
wth
in
T
HD
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
v
o
ltag
e
l
ev
el
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
(
b
)
is
r
ed
u
ce
d
as
s
h
o
wn
(
b
)
.
T
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
,
I
0peak
v
alu
e,
f
alls
b
y
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
A
s
eries
-
co
n
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ec
ted
s
w
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ed
s
o
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n
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ve
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ter
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ch
ip
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n
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i
n
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I
.
,
th
e
I
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alu
e,
an
d
T
HD
is
ar
o
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n
d
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6
%
in
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u
r
e
7
(
c)
(
s
ee
Ap
p
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d
ix
)
.
T
h
e
v
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I
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v
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r
e
d
ec
r
ea
s
ed
b
y
ab
o
u
t 0
.
6
% [
2
3
]
-
[
2
5
]
.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Simu
lin
k
r
esu
lts
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
at
a
p
ea
k
r
e
f
er
en
ce
o
f
0
.
9
;
(
a)
c
o
n
v
e
r
ter
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
at
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t,
(
b
)
FF
T
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
o
f
V
0
,
(
c)
FF
T
an
aly
s
is
o
f
I
0
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Simu
lin
k
o
u
tc
o
m
e
;
(
a)
co
n
v
e
r
ter
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
cu
r
r
e
n
t w
av
ef
o
r
m
s
at
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t,
(
b
)
FF
T
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
o
f
V
0
,
(
c)
F
FT
an
aly
s
is
o
f
I
0
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
2
4
,
No
.
2
,
No
v
em
b
er
20
21
:
6
7
3
-
679
678
T
ab
le
2
.
Desig
n
s
p
ef
ca
tio
n
s
S
p
e
c
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
V
a
l
u
e
s
M
.
I
.
=
0
.
9
M
.
I
.
=
0
.
7
V
dc
(V)
2
0
0
V
2
0
0
V
P
out
put
(W)
1
0
7
0
6
5
0
V
0
(V)
2
6
0
2
0
3
I
0
(A)
4
.
5
3
.
5
S
w
i
t
c
h
i
n
g
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
(
f
sw
)
4
k
H
z
4
k
H
z
F
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
t
a
l
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
(
f
m
)
5
0
H
z
5
0
H
z
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
f
o
c
u
s
o
f
th
is
ar
ticle
is
o
n
a
n
o
v
el
ML
I
t
o
p
o
lo
g
y
u
s
ed
in
th
e
n
i
n
e
-
lev
el
DC
-
AC
co
n
v
er
ter
f
am
ily
.
T
h
e
p
r
esen
ted
a
r
ch
itectu
r
e
is
t
h
e
m
o
s
t a
ctiv
e
g
r
o
u
p
r
ec
en
tly
m
ad
e
b
y
s
witch
ed
d
c
s
o
u
r
ce
c
ell
an
d
H
-
b
r
id
g
e,
in
o
r
d
er
to
o
p
tim
is
e
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
eg
m
e
n
ts
in
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
i
n
v
e
r
ter
to
p
o
lo
g
y
.
T
o
g
en
er
ate
th
e
ze
r
o
,
p
o
s
itiv
e,
an
d
n
eg
ativ
e
lev
els,
a
co
m
p
lete
an
aly
s
is
as
well
as
o
p
er
atin
g
m
o
d
es
h
av
e
b
ee
n
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
d
.
I
n
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
ar
ch
itectu
r
e,
t
h
e
H
-
b
r
id
g
e
s
witch
es
r
u
n
at
an
ess
en
tial
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
,
a
n
d
d
o
s
o
at
a
lo
wer
s
w
i
tch
in
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
.
T
h
is
r
esu
lts
in
s
w
itch
in
g
lo
s
s
es
th
at
ar
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
lo
wer
th
an
th
o
s
e
o
f
n
u
m
er
o
u
s
ML
I
d
esig
n
s
,
wh
ich
in
tu
r
n
in
c
r
ea
s
es
th
e
o
v
er
all
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
th
e
p
r
esen
ted
s
y
s
tem
,
as
p
r
esen
te
d
in
th
e
to
p
o
lo
g
y
.
T
h
e
s
in
u
s
o
id
a
l
PW
M
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
wh
ich
is
th
e
m
o
s
t
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
a
n
d
least
co
m
p
lex
,
is
u
s
ed
to
cr
ea
te
th
e
f
ir
i
n
g
p
u
ls
es.
Fo
r
th
e
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
,
it
h
as
b
ee
n
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ated
th
at
t
h
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
o
f
th
e
MA
T
L
AB
/SIM
UL
I
NK
s
im
u
latio
n
s
ar
e
tr
u
e
f
o
r
m
o
d
u
latio
n
i
n
d
ex
es o
f
0
.
9
an
d
0
.
7
.
T
h
is
g
r
ap
h
d
e
p
icted
t
h
e
to
tal
h
a
r
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
(
T
HD)
co
n
ten
t
o
f
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
an
d
v
o
ltag
e
w
av
ef
o
r
m
s
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lt
ag
e
T
HD
co
n
te
n
t
was
f
o
u
n
d
to
b
e
s
ig
n
if
ica
n
tly
lo
wer
th
an
th
e
i
n
d
u
s
tr
y
s
tan
d
a
r
d
lim
its
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
S
.
Ra
h
m
a
n
a
n
d
F
.
C.
Lee
,
"
C
o
m
p
u
ter
S
imu
lati
o
n
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o
f
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ti
m
u
m
Bo
o
st
a
n
d
B
u
c
k
-
Bo
o
st
Co
n
v
e
rters
,
"
in
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Aer
o
sp
a
c
e
a
n
d
El
e
c
tro
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ic
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y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
AE
S
-
1
8
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
5
9
8
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0
8
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p
tem
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e
r
1
9
8
2
,
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0
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1
1
0
9
/T
AES
.
1
9
8
2
.
3
0
9
2
7
2
.
[2
]
M
.
M
a
rc
h
e
so
n
i,
"
Hi
g
h
-
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
c
u
rre
n
t
c
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t
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q
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e
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f
o
r
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li
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ti
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u
lt
il
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ig
h
-
p
o
we
r
v
o
lt
a
g
e
so
u
rc
e
in
v
e
rters
,
"
i
n
IEE
E
T
r
a
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
P
o
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
s
,
v
o
l.
7
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
8
9
-
2
0
4
,
Ja
n
u
a
ry
1
9
9
2
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/6
3
.
1
2
4
5
9
1
.
[3
]
G
.
Ca
rra
ra
,
S
.
Ga
rd
e
ll
a
,
M
.
M
a
rc
h
e
so
n
i,
R.
S
a
lu
tari
a
n
d
G
.
S
c
iu
t
to
,
"
A
n
e
w
m
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
P
WM
m
e
th
o
d
:
a
t
h
e
o
re
ti
c
a
l
a
n
a
ly
sis,"
in
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
P
o
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
7
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
4
9
7
-
5
0
5
,
Ju
l
y
1
9
9
2
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/6
3
.
1
4
5
1
3
7
.
[4
]
S
.
S
z
u
b
a
,
"
An
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
t
o
t
h
e
d
e
sig
n
o
f
e
n
e
r
g
y
st
o
ra
g
e
re
a
c
to
rs
fo
r
DC
-
to
-
DC
sw
it
c
h
i
n
g
p
o
we
r
c
o
n
v
e
rters
u
si
n
g
fe
rrit
e
stru
c
tu
re
s,"
i
n
IEE
E
T
r
a
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
M
a
g
n
e
ti
c
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
6
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
1
2
7
1
-
1
2
7
8
,
S
e
p
tem
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e
r
1
9
8
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/T
M
AG
.
1
9
8
0
.
1
0
6
0
7
9
8
.
[5
]
P
.
R.
K.
C
h
e
tt
y
,
"
CI
ECA:
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
t
o
C
u
rre
n
t
P
ro
g
ra
m
m
e
d
S
witch
in
g
Dc
-
Dc
Co
n
v
e
rters
,
"
in
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Aer
o
sp
a
c
e
a
n
d
E
lec
tro
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ic
S
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ste
ms
,
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l.
AES
-
1
8
,
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o
.
5
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p
p
.
5
3
8
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5
4
4
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9
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0
9
/T
AES
.
1
9
8
2
.
3
0
9
2
6
6
.
[6
]
J
.
-
S
.
Lai
a
n
d
F
.
Z
.
P
e
n
g
,
"
M
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
c
o
n
v
e
rters
-
a
n
e
w
b
re
e
d
o
f
p
o
we
r
c
o
n
v
e
rters
,
"
in
I
EE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
In
d
u
stry
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l.
3
2
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
5
0
9
-
5
1
7
,
M
a
y
-
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n
e
1
9
9
6
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/2
8
.
5
0
2
1
6
1
.
[7
]
F
.
Z.
P
e
n
g
,
J
.
-
S
.
Lai,
J.
W.
M
c
Ke
e
v
e
r
a
n
d
J.
V
.
Co
e
v
e
rin
g
,
"
A
m
u
l
ti
lev
e
l
v
o
lt
a
g
e
-
so
u
rc
e
in
v
e
rter
wit
h
se
p
a
ra
te
DC
so
u
rc
e
s
fo
r
sta
ti
c
VA
r
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
,
"
in
I
EE
E
T
r
a
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
I
n
d
u
s
try
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l.
3
2
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
1
1
3
0
-
1
1
3
8
,
S
e
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tem
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e
r
-
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to
b
e
r
1
9
9
6
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
2
8
.
5
3
6
8
7
5
.
[8
]
H.
M
a
tsu
o
a
n
d
F
.
Ku
r
o
k
a
wa
,
"
Ne
w
S
o
lar
Ce
ll
P
o
we
r
S
u
p
p
l
y
S
y
ste
m
Us
in
g
a
Bo
o
st
T
y
p
e
Bi
d
i
re
c
ti
n
a
l
DC
-
DC
Co
n
v
e
rter,
"
i
n
IE
EE
T
r
a
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
In
d
u
stri
a
l
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
IE
-
3
1
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
5
1
-
5
5
,
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e
b
ru
a
ry
1
9
8
4
,
d
o
i:
1
0
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1
1
0
9
/T
IE
.
1
9
8
4
.
3
5
0
0
2
0
.
[9
]
C.
T.
Rim
,
G
.
B.
Jo
u
n
g
,
a
n
d
G
.
H.
Ch
o
,
"
P
ra
c
ti
c
a
l
sw
it
c
h
-
b
a
se
d
sta
te
-
sp
a
c
e
m
o
d
e
li
n
g
o
f
DC
-
DC
c
o
n
v
e
rters
with
a
ll
p
a
ra
siti
c
s,"
in
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
P
o
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l
.
6
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
6
1
1
-
6
1
7
,
1
9
9
1
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/6
3
.
9
7
7
5
9
.
[1
0
]
T.
Ab
h
il
a
sh
,
K.
An
n
a
m
a
lai
,
a
n
d
S
.
V.
Ti
ru
m
a
la,
"
A
S
e
v
e
n
-
Le
v
e
l
VSI
Wi
t
h
a
F
r
o
n
t
-
E
n
d
Ca
sc
a
d
e
d
T
h
re
e
-
Lev
e
l
In
v
e
rter
a
n
d
F
ly
i
n
g
-
Ca
p
a
c
it
o
r
-
F
e
d
H
-
Brid
g
e
,
"
in
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
I
n
d
u
stry
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l.
5
5
,
n
o
.
6
,
pp
.
6
0
7
3
-
6
0
8
8
,
No
v
e
m
b
e
r
-
De
c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/T
IA.2
0
1
9
.
2
9
3
3
3
7
8
.
[1
1
]
B.
Wan
g
,
X.
Zh
a
n
g
,
a
n
d
H.
B.
G
o
o
i,
"
An
S
I
-
M
IS
O
Bo
o
st
Co
n
v
e
rter
with
De
a
d
b
e
a
t
-
Ba
se
d
Co
n
tro
l
fo
r
E
lec
tri
c
Ve
h
icle
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,"
i
n
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Ve
h
icu
l
a
r
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l
.
6
7
,
n
o
.
1
0
,
p
p
.
9
2
2
3
-
9
2
3
2
,
Oc
to
b
e
r
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
TVT.
2
0
1
8
.
2
8
5
3
7
3
8
.
[1
2
]
R.
Wai,
C.
Li
n
,
R
.
D
u
a
n
,
a
n
d
Y.
Ch
a
n
g
,
"
Hi
g
h
-
Eff
icie
n
c
y
DC
-
DC
Co
n
v
e
rter
wi
th
Hig
h
V
o
lt
a
g
e
G
a
in
a
n
d
Re
d
u
c
e
d
S
witch
S
tres
s,"
in
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
In
d
u
stria
l
E
lec
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
5
4
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
3
5
4
-
3
6
4
,
F
e
b
ru
a
ry
2
0
0
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/T
IE
.
2
0
0
6
.
8
8
8
7
9
4
.
[1
3
]
M
.
Ra
sh
e
e
d
,
R.
Om
a
r,
M
.
S
u
la
ima
n
,
W.
A.
Ha
li
m
,
a
n
d
M
.
M
.
A.
Ala
k
k
a
d
,
"
An
a
ly
sis
o
f
a
s
witch
in
g
a
n
g
le
c
a
lcu
latio
n
b
y
AN
N
f
o
r
n
in
e
lev
e
l
in
v
e
rter
a
p
p
ly
i
n
to
e
x
p
e
rime
n
tal
c
a
se
stu
d
y
wit
h
e
li
m
i
n
a
ti
o
n
o
f
l
o
we
r
a
n
d
h
i
g
h
e
r
o
rd
e
r
h
a
rm
o
n
ics
,
"
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l.
2
0
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
9
4
8
-
9
5
9
,
No
v
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
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/i
j
e
e
c
s.v
2
0
.
i
2
.
p
p
9
4
8
-
9
5
9
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
A
s
eries
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
s
w
itch
ed
s
o
u
r
ce
a
n
d
a
n
H
-
b
r
id
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e
b
a
s
ed
mu
ltil
ev
el
in
ve
r
ter
(
S
iva
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a
ch
ip
a
la
)
679
[1
4
]
M
.
Ra
sh
e
e
d
,
M
.
M
.
A.
Ala
k
k
a
d
,
R.
Om
a
r,
M
.
S
u
laim
a
n
,
a
n
d
W.
A.
Ha
li
m
,
“
En
h
a
n
c
e
th
e
a
c
c
u
ra
c
y
o
f
c
o
n
tr
o
l
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
fo
r
m
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
in
v
e
rter
b
a
se
d
o
n
a
rti
ficia
l
n
e
u
ra
l
n
e
tw
o
r
k
,”
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ie
n
c
e
,
v
o
l.
2
0
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
1
4
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-
1
1
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8
,
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c
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m
b
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2
0
2
0
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d
o
i
:
1
0
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1
1
5
9
1
/
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e
e
c
s.
v
2
0
.
i3
.
p
p
1
1
4
8
-
1
1
5
8
.
[1
5
]
C.
Re
stre
p
o
,
J.
Ca
l
v
e
n
te,
A.
C
id
-
P
a
sto
r,
A.
E.
Ar
o
u
d
i
a
n
d
R.
G
iral,
"
A
No
n
in
v
e
rti
n
g
Bu
c
k
–
Bo
o
st
DC
–
D
C
S
witch
in
g
Co
n
v
e
rter
with
Hi
g
h
Eff
icie
n
c
y
a
n
d
Wi
d
e
Ba
n
d
wi
d
th
,
"
in
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
2
6
,
n
o
.
9
,
p
p
.
2
4
9
0
-
2
5
0
3
,
S
e
p
tem
b
e
r
2
0
1
1
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
TP
EL
.
2
0
1
1
.
2
1
0
8
6
6
8
.
[1
6
]
K.
Kru
se
,
M
.
El
b
o
,
a
n
d
Z.
Zh
a
n
g
,
"
G
a
N
-
b
a
se
d
h
ig
h
e
fficie
n
c
y
b
id
irec
ti
o
n
a
l
DC
-
DC
c
o
n
v
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rter
with
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Hz
sw
it
c
h
in
g
fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
,
"
2
0
1
7
I
E
EE
Ap
p
li
e
d
P
o
we
r
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e
c
tro
n
ics
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
Exp
o
siti
o
n
(
AP
EC)
,
2
0
1
7
,
p
p
.
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7
3
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2
7
8
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0
9
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2
0
1
7
.
7
9
3
0
7
0
5
.
[1
7
]
A.
Tsu
n
o
d
a
,
Y.
Hi
n
a
g
o
,
a
n
d
H.
Ko
izu
m
i,
"
Lev
e
l
-
a
n
d
P
h
a
se
-
S
h
i
fted
P
W
M
f
o
r
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e
v
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n
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e
l
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wit
c
h
e
d
-
Ca
p
a
c
it
o
r
In
v
e
rter
Us
i
n
g
S
e
ries
/P
a
ra
ll
e
l
Co
n
v
e
rsi
o
n
,
"
in
IEE
E
T
r
a
n
sa
c
t
io
n
s
o
n
I
n
d
u
stria
l
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
6
1
,
n
o
.
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p
p
.
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0
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1
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g
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st
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4
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2
0
1
3
.
2
2
8
6
5
5
9
.
[1
8
]
J.
Wu
a
n
d
C.
C
h
o
u
,
"
A
S
o
lar
P
o
we
r
Ge
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
S
y
ste
m
with
a
S
e
v
e
n
-
Lev
e
l
In
v
e
rter,"
i
n
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Po
we
r E
lec
tro
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,
v
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l
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9
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ly
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P
EL
.
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0
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3
.
2
2
7
9
8
8
0
.
[1
9
]
M
.
Ra
sh
e
e
d
,
R.
Om
a
r,
M
.
S
u
laim
a
n
,
a
n
d
W.
A.
Ha
li
m
,
“
A
m
o
d
ifi
e
d
c
a
sc
a
d
e
d
h
-
b
ri
d
g
e
m
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
i
n
v
e
rter
b
a
se
d
o
n
p
a
rti
c
le
sw
a
rm
o
p
ti
m
isa
ti
o
n
(P
S
O)
tec
h
n
i
q
u
e
,
”
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l.
1
6
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
4
1
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5
,
Oc
t
o
b
e
r
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i
:
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0
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5
9
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jee
c
s.v
1
6
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i1
.
p
p
4
1
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5
1
.
[2
0
]
M
.
S
u
jat
h
a
a
nd
A.
K.
P
a
rv
a
th
y
,
“
Im
p
ro
v
e
d
re
li
a
b
le
m
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
in
v
e
rter
fo
r
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
sy
ste
m
s,”
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
E
lec
trica
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l.
1
4
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
1
4
1
-
1
1
4
7
,
Ju
n
e
2
0
1
9
,
doi
:
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1
1
5
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1
/
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e
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s.v
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4
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i3
.
p
p
1
1
4
1
-
1
1
4
7
.
[2
1
]
T.
Ab
h
i
las
h
,
A.
Kiru
b
a
k
a
ra
n
,
a
n
d
V.
T.
S
o
m
a
se
k
h
a
r,
“
A n
e
w stru
c
t
u
re
o
f
th
re
e
-
p
h
a
se
fiv
e
-
lev
e
l
in
v
e
r
ter wit
h
n
e
ste
d
two
-
lev
e
l
c
e
ll
s,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Circ
u
it
T
h
e
o
ry
a
n
d
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l.
4
7
,
n
o
.
9
,
p
p
.
1
4
3
5
-
1
4
4
5
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
0
2
/cta
.
2
6
4
8
.
[2
2
]
T.
Ab
h
il
a
sh
,
A.
Kir
u
b
a
k
a
ra
n
,
a
n
d
V.
T.
S
o
m
a
se
k
h
a
r,
“
A
n
e
w
h
y
b
r
id
fly
in
g
c
a
p
a
c
it
o
r
b
a
se
d
sin
g
le
p
h
a
se
n
in
e
-
lev
e
l
in
v
e
rter
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
T
r
a
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
El
e
c
trica
l
En
e
rg
y
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
2
9
,
n
o
.
1
2
,
p
p
.
1
-
15
,
Ju
l
y
2
0
1
9
,
doi
:
1
0
.
1
0
0
2
/2
0
5
0
-
7
0
3
8
.
1
2
1
3
9
.
[2
3
]
L.
P
ri
y
a
,
L.
S
.
Ha
n
sith
a
,
K
.
Ra
j
e
sh
,
U.
S
.
S
.
P
o
lara
ju
a
n
d
N.
R
a
jes
h
.
"
S
imu
latio
n
a
n
d
An
a
l
y
sis
o
f
S
e
v
e
n
-
Lev
e
l
Vo
lt
a
g
e
S
o
u
rc
e
In
v
e
rter."
in
S
o
ft
Co
mp
u
t
in
g
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
s
a
n
d
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
S
p
rin
g
e
r
,
S
i
n
g
a
p
o
re
,
2
0
2
1
,
p
p
.
1
1
1
-
1
2
0
,
doi
:
1
0
.
1
0
0
7
/9
7
8
-
9
8
1
-
15
-
7
3
9
4
-
1
_
1
0
.
[2
4
]
T.
A.
M
e
y
n
a
rd
,
M
.
F
a
d
e
l
a
n
d
N.
Ao
u
d
a
,
"
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
o
f
m
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
c
o
n
v
e
rters
,
"
i
n
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
In
d
u
stria
l
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
4
4
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
3
5
6
-
3
6
4
,
Ju
n
e
1
9
9
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/4
1
.
5
8
5
8
3
3
.
[2
5
]
K.
V.
P
a
ti
l,
R.
M
.
M
a
th
u
r,
J.
Jia
n
g
a
n
d
S
.
H.
Ho
ss
e
in
i,
"
Distri
b
u
ti
o
n
s
y
ste
m
c
o
m
p
e
n
sa
ti
o
n
u
si
n
g
a
n
e
w
b
in
a
ry
m
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
v
o
lt
a
g
e
so
u
rc
e
in
v
e
rter,"
in
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Po
we
r
De
li
v
e
ry
,
v
o
l.
1
4
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
4
5
9
-
4
6
4
,
Ap
ril
1
9
9
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
6
1
.
7
5
4
0
8
9
.
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