I
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ne
s
ia
n J
o
urna
l o
f
E
lect
rica
l
E
ng
ineering
a
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Co
m
pu
t
er
Science
Vo
l.
25
,
No
.
1
,
J
an
u
ar
y
2
0
2
2
,
p
p
.
4
2
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~
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25
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pp
425
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425
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Co
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ticle
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to
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y:
R
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ed
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21
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2
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ev
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3
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2
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ted
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m
a
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it
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imp
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e
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tatio
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u
c
h
a
s
sm
a
rt
e
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e
rg
y
a
n
d
u
ti
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ti
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s,
sm
a
rt
m
o
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it
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&
tran
sp
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,
sm
a
rt
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v
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a
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x
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g
ra
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ly
w
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rld
wi
d
e
.
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o
we
v
e
r,
o
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e
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f
t
h
e
b
i
g
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st
c
h
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ll
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th
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t
n
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to
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l
v
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d
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ti
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e
a
p
p
r
o
p
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iate
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tern
e
t
o
f
t
h
i
n
g
s
(
Io
T
)
c
o
n
n
e
c
ti
v
it
y
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
.
Th
is
r
e
se
a
rc
h
will
se
e
k
fo
r
th
e
b
e
st
c
a
n
d
id
a
te
l
o
w
p
o
we
r
wi
d
e
a
re
a
n
e
two
r
k
(LP
W
AN
)
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
su
c
h
a
s
l
o
n
g
-
r
a
n
g
e
wi
d
e
a
re
a
n
e
two
rk
(Lo
Ra
WAN),
n
a
rr
o
w
-
b
a
n
d
i
n
tern
e
t
o
f
th
in
g
s
(NB
-
Io
T),
a
n
d
ra
n
d
o
m
p
h
a
se
m
u
lt
ip
le
a
c
c
e
ss
(RP
M
A)
fo
r
Io
T
s
m
a
rt
c
it
y
d
e
p
l
o
y
m
e
n
t
in
Ba
n
d
u
n
g
c
it
y
is
b
a
se
d
o
n
Io
T
n
e
two
rk
c
o
n
n
e
c
ti
v
i
ty
b
e
twe
e
n
with
six
tec
h
n
ica
l
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
c
rit
e
ria:
g
a
t
e
wa
y
re
q
u
irem
e
n
ts,
traffic/d
a
ta
p
ro
jec
ti
o
n
,
th
e
b
e
st
sig
n
a
l
lev
e
l
a
re
a
d
istri
b
u
ti
o
n
,
a
n
d
o
v
e
rlap
p
in
g
z
o
n
e
s.
Ba
ss
m
o
d
e
l
is
c
a
rried
o
u
t
to
d
e
term
in
e
th
e
c
a
p
a
c
it
y
fo
re
c
a
st.
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il
e
in
c
o
v
e
ra
g
e
p
re
d
ictio
n
,
Lo
Ra
WAN
a
n
d
NB
-
I
o
T
u
se
t
h
e
Ok
u
m
u
ra
-
Ha
ta
p
ro
p
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g
a
ti
o
n
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a
n
d
Erce
g
-
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re
e
n
ste
in
(S
UI)
m
o
d
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l
is
u
se
d
fo
r
RP
M
A.
Ba
se
d
o
n
th
e
sim
u
latio
n
a
n
d
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
re
su
lt
s,
RP
M
A
o
u
t
p
e
rfo
rm
s
Lo
Ra
WA
N
a
n
d
NB
-
Io
T.
It
re
q
u
ired
t
h
e
lea
st
g
a
tew
a
y
n
u
m
b
e
r
to
c
o
v
e
r
Ba
n
d
u
n
g
c
it
y
with
t
h
e
b
e
st sig
n
a
l
lev
e
ls an
d
o
v
e
rlap
p
in
g
z
o
n
e
s
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
L
o
n
g
-
r
an
g
e
wid
e
ar
ea
n
etwo
r
k
L
o
w
p
o
wer
wid
e
a
r
ea
n
etwo
r
k
Nar
r
o
w
-
b
an
d
in
ter
n
et
o
f
th
i
n
g
s
Netwo
r
k
p
lan
n
i
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g
R
an
d
o
m
p
h
ase
m
u
ltip
le
ac
ce
s
s
Sm
ar
t c
ity
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Mu
h
am
m
ad
I
m
am
Nash
ir
u
d
d
i
n
Sch
o
o
l o
f
E
lectr
ical
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
,
T
elk
o
m
Un
iv
e
r
s
ity
T
elek
o
m
u
n
i
k
asi T
er
u
s
an
B
u
ah
B
atu
I
n
d
o
n
esia
Stre
et,
4
0
2
5
7
,
B
an
d
u
n
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
esia
E
m
ail:
im
am
n
ash
ir
@
telk
o
m
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
.
ac
.
id
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
Sm
ar
t
ci
ty
is
a
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
u
r
b
an
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
co
n
s
is
tin
g
o
f
ec
o
n
o
m
ic,
s
o
cial,
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
asp
ec
ts
th
at
f
o
cu
s
o
n
citizen
s
'
q
u
ality
o
f
life
.
Hea
lth
ag
i
n
g
an
d
welf
ar
e
,
en
e
r
g
y
,
tr
an
s
p
o
r
tatio
n
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t,
a
n
in
cl
u
s
iv
e,
in
n
o
v
ativ
e,
r
ef
lectiv
e,
an
d
s
af
e
s
o
ciety
will
b
ec
o
m
e
g
lo
b
al
s
o
cial
ch
allen
g
es
an
d
ev
en
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
I
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
(
I
C
T
)
is
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
b
eh
in
d
th
e
s
m
ar
t
city
co
m
p
lex
'
s
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t.
I
n
tellig
en
t
s
y
s
tem
s
th
at
co
n
n
ec
t
th
in
g
s
an
d
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
wo
r
ld
a
n
d
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
an
au
t
o
n
o
m
o
u
s
m
o
d
e
o
f
o
p
e
r
atio
n
ar
e
r
ec
o
g
n
ized
as
p
ar
t o
f
th
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
[
1
]
.
T
h
e
s
m
ar
t
city
is
e
x
p
an
d
in
g
an
d
h
as
b
ec
o
m
e
a
c
o
n
tem
p
o
r
ar
y
tr
en
d
in
all
m
etr
o
p
o
l
itan
ar
ea
s
,
co
n
s
id
e
r
in
g
all
elem
en
ts
in
co
m
p
letin
g
a
s
o
lu
tio
n
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
u
r
b
an
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e.
B
an
d
u
n
g
city
,
wh
ich
is
ca
teg
o
r
ized
as
an
u
r
b
an
ar
ea
,
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
etr
o
p
o
litan
ci
ties
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia
th
at
h
as
lau
n
ch
ed
a
s
m
ar
t
city
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t
o
f
s
m
ar
t
city
is
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
ch
allen
g
e
in
u
r
b
a
n
a
r
ea
s
d
u
e
to
with
o
u
t
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
m
a
n
a
g
em
e
n
t
o
r
d
iv
er
tin
g
t
h
e
d
ir
ec
tio
n
o
f
n
ee
d
s
wo
u
ld
ca
u
s
e
th
e
o
p
e
r
atio
n
a
l
co
s
ts
to
s
o
ar
[
2
]
.
B
an
d
u
n
g
c
ity
is
th
e
ca
p
ital
city
o
f
west
J
av
a
p
r
o
v
in
ce
with
an
ar
ea
o
f
1
6
7
.
3
1
k
m
2
a
n
d
a
n
u
n
ev
en
to
p
o
g
r
ap
h
y
;
it
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
3
0
d
is
tr
icts
in
wh
ich
2
.
5
m
illi
o
n
p
eo
p
le
liv
e.
B
an
d
u
n
g
c
ity
is
o
n
e
o
f
I
n
d
o
n
esia
'
s
m
o
s
t
p
o
p
u
lo
u
s
cities
wi
th
s
ev
er
e
tr
af
f
ic
jam
s
,
f
lo
o
d
s
,
an
d
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
m
ain
ten
an
ce
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
2
0
2
0
-
2
0
2
4
n
atio
n
al
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
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4
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2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
25
,
No
.
1
,
J
an
u
ar
y
20
22
:
425
-
4
3
9
426
m
ed
iu
m
ter
m
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t
p
l
an
(
R
PJ
MN
)
o
f
th
e
r
ep
u
b
lic
o
f
I
n
d
o
n
esia,
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
p
o
licies
an
d
s
tr
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in
r
ea
lizin
g
a
s
m
ar
t
c
ity
ca
n
b
e
d
o
n
e
b
y
u
tili
zin
g
r
eliab
le
I
C
T
in
to
wn
s
er
v
ices.
T
h
e
lo
w
p
o
wer
wid
e
a
r
ea
n
etwo
r
k
(
L
PW
AN
)
-
b
ased
i
n
ter
n
et
o
f
th
in
g
s
(
I
o
T
)
is
a
n
e
w
wir
eless
tr
en
d
in
g
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
to
h
elp
p
eo
p
le
o
v
er
c
o
m
e
g
lo
b
al
ch
allen
g
es.
As
f
o
r
s
o
m
e
o
f
th
e
I
o
T
co
n
n
ec
tiv
ity
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
:
lo
w
p
o
wer
an
d
lo
n
g
-
r
an
g
e,
leg
ac
y
wir
eless
s
er
v
ices
th
at
p
r
o
v
id
e
p
o
wer
:
lo
n
g
-
r
an
g
e
(
ce
llu
lar
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
:
3
G/4
G)
,
lo
w
p
o
wer
an
d
lo
ng
-
d
is
tan
ce
:
s
h
o
r
t
(
ex
:
B
lu
eto
o
th
,
Z
ig
B
ee
,
an
d
W
iFi
)
,
an
d
lo
w
p
o
wer
wid
e
ar
ea
n
etwo
r
k
(
L
PW
AN)
,
as
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
L
PW
AN
-
b
ased
I
o
T
is
a
n
ew
wir
eless
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
em
er
g
in
g
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
I
o
T
p
ar
ad
ig
m
with
ch
ea
p
er
o
p
er
atio
n
th
an
tr
ad
itio
n
al
ce
llu
lar
n
etwo
r
k
s
y
s
tem
s
an
d
b
etter
p
o
wer
ef
f
icien
cy
[
3
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
ws
th
at
L
PW
AN
is
s
u
p
er
io
r
in
co
s
t,
lo
w
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
co
v
er
ag
e
,
an
d
g
eo
g
r
a
p
h
ic
c
o
v
er
a
g
e
p
e
n
etr
at
io
n
th
a
n
ce
llu
lar
an
d
s
h
o
r
t
r
a
n
g
e
d
ev
ice
(
SR
D)
.
Ho
wev
er
,
L
PW
AN
h
as lo
w
d
ata
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t a
n
d
d
elay
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
W
ir
eless
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
[
4
]
L
PW
AN
is
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
two
licen
s
in
g
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
:
th
e
3
rd
g
en
er
atio
n
p
ar
tn
er
s
h
ip
p
r
o
je
ct
(
3
GPP
)
s
tan
d
ar
d
(
licen
s
ed
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
)
an
d
n
o
n
-
3
GPP
s
tan
d
ar
d
(
f
r
ee
licen
s
e
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
)
.
Un
d
er
th
e
R
eg
u
latio
n
o
f
th
e
d
ir
ec
to
r
-
g
e
n
er
al
o
f
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
an
d
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t
o
f
p
o
s
t
an
d
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
(
Per
d
ir
j
en
SDPP
I
)
n
o
.
3
i
n
2
0
1
9
,
th
e
L
PW
AN
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
b
an
d
is
9
2
0
-
9
2
3
MH
z
[
5
]
.
N
ar
r
o
w
-
b
an
d
in
ter
n
et
o
f
th
in
g
s
(
NB
-
I
o
T
)
,
lo
n
g
-
r
an
g
e
wid
e
ar
ea
n
etwo
r
k
(
L
o
R
aWA
N
)
,
ex
ten
d
ed
co
v
e
r
ag
e
-
g
lo
b
al
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
m
o
b
ile
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
(
EC
-
GSM
)
,
lo
n
g
ter
m
e
v
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
m
ac
h
in
es
(
LTE
-
M
)
,
an
d
Sig
f
o
x
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
ap
p
ly
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
b
an
d
s
at
9
2
0
-
9
2
3
MH
z,
in
co
n
tr
ast to
r
a
n
d
o
m
p
h
ase
m
u
ltip
le
ac
ce
s
s
(
R
PMA
)
as
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
1
.
T
ab
le
1
.
L
PW
AN
wo
r
k
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
cy
an
d
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
s
tan
d
a
r
d
s
f
o
r
Asi
a
[
6
]
LPW
A
N
3
G
P
P
R
e
l
.
1
3
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
N
o
n
-
3
G
P
P
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
NB
-
I
o
T
LTE
-
M
EC
-
G
S
M
Lo
R
a
W
A
N
S
i
g
f
o
x
R
P
M
A
9
3
9
.
8
M
H
z
9
3
9
.
8
M
H
z
7
0
0
-
9
0
0
M
H
z
9
0
0
M
H
z
9
2
3
M
H
z
9
2
0
.
8
M
H
z
2
.
4
G
H
z
T
h
e
d
ep
lo
y
m
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
L
PW
AN
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
is
p
r
esen
ted
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
,
with
Fig
u
r
e
2
(
a)
s
h
o
ws
th
e
NB
-
I
o
T
an
d
L
T
E
-
M
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t,
Fig
u
r
e
2
(
b
)
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
L
o
R
aWAN
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t,
Fig
u
r
e
2
(
c)
illu
s
tr
ates
Sig
f
o
x
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
2
(
d
)
d
is
p
lay
s
th
e
R
PMA
d
ep
lo
y
m
e
n
t
i
n
I
n
d
o
n
esia
an
d
ar
o
u
n
d
th
e
wo
r
l
d
.
L
o
R
aWAN
an
d
Sig
f
o
x
h
av
e
th
e
s
am
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
b
an
d
an
d
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
t
ics.
Ho
wev
er
,
NB
-
I
o
T
u
s
es
a
licen
s
ed
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
,
an
d
R
PMA
is
a
n
o
n
-
3
GPP
L
PW
AN
s
tan
d
ar
d
th
at
u
s
es
an
o
p
er
atin
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
o
f
2
.
4
GHz
.
Pre
v
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
ex
p
l
o
r
e
d
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
NB
-
I
o
T
an
d
L
o
R
aWAN
n
etwo
r
k
p
lan
n
in
g
f
o
r
s
ev
er
al
u
s
e
ca
s
es,
n
am
ely
AM
I
in
d
en
s
e
-
u
r
b
an
[
7
]
,
u
r
b
a
n
,
a
n
d
s
u
b
-
u
r
b
an
[
8
]
,
[
9
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
m
i
n
im
a
l
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
was
f
o
u
n
d
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
th
e
d
ep
lo
y
m
e
n
t
o
f
NB
-
I
o
T
an
d
L
o
R
aWAN
n
etwo
r
k
s
f
o
r
AM
I
,
s
u
p
p
o
r
ti
n
g
m
u
ltip
le
u
s
e
ca
s
es
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
ly
in
o
n
e
n
etwo
r
k
,
esp
ec
ially
in
u
r
b
a
n
s
ce
n
ar
i
o
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
aim
s
to
ex
p
lo
r
e
NB
-
I
o
T
an
d
L
o
R
aWAN
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
as
n
etwo
r
k
co
n
n
ec
tiv
ity
f
o
r
s
m
ar
t
city
s
er
v
ices
in
B
an
d
u
n
g
city
,
r
e
p
r
esen
tin
g
th
e
u
r
b
a
n
ar
ea
a
n
d
s
p
ec
ial
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
zo
n
e
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
I
n
p
ar
ticu
lar
,
a
d
esig
n
o
f
s
tu
d
y
co
m
p
ar
ativ
e
L
PW
AN:
L
o
R
aWA
N,
NB
-
I
o
T
,
an
d
R
PMA
b
ased
o
n
ca
p
ac
ity
an
d
co
v
er
ag
e
p
lan
n
in
g
an
al
y
s
is
.
L
PW
AN
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
is
c
h
o
s
en
b
ased
o
n
wo
r
k
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
,
wo
r
k
in
g
fr
eq
u
e
n
cy
,
an
d
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
Netwo
r
k
p
lan
n
in
g
f
o
r
L
o
R
aWAN,
NB
-
I
o
T
,
an
d
R
PMA
s
m
ar
t
city
is
b
ased
o
n
ca
p
ac
ity
an
d
co
v
er
ag
e
an
aly
s
is
.
T
h
e
ca
p
ac
ity
an
a
ly
s
is
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
d
ata
s
ess
io
n
s
co
n
d
u
cted
in
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
C
o
mp
a
r
a
tive
s
tu
d
y
o
f lo
w
p
o
w
er w
id
e
a
r
ea
n
etw
o
r
k
b
a
s
ed
o
n
in
tern
et
…
(
Mu
h
a
mma
d
I
ma
m
N
a
s
h
ir
u
d
d
in
)
427
an
ar
ea
with
in
a
ce
r
tain
p
er
io
d
,
wh
ile
th
e
c
o
v
er
a
g
e
an
a
ly
s
is
is
th
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
th
e
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ic
ar
e
a
(
B
an
d
u
n
g
city
)
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
au
th
o
r
s
will
an
aly
ze
th
e
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
c
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
in
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
L
PW
AN
in
B
an
d
u
n
g
c
ity
.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
(
d
)
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Dep
l
o
y
m
en
t
o
f
L
PW
AN
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
:
(
a)
NB
-
I
o
T
an
d
L
T
E
-
M,
(
b
)
L
o
R
aWAN,
(
c)
Sig
f
o
x
,
a
n
d
(
d
)
R
PMA
ar
o
u
n
d
th
e
wo
r
l
d
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
B
an
d
u
n
g
c
ity
,
wh
ich
is
th
e
ca
p
ital
o
f
W
est
J
av
a
Pro
v
in
ce
,
h
as
an
ar
ea
o
f
1
6
7
.
3
1
k
m
2
.
B
an
d
u
n
g
c
ity
'
s
p
o
p
u
latio
n
is
p
r
o
jecte
d
to
h
av
e
2
.
5
m
illi
o
n
in
2
0
1
9
.
Hen
ce
,
b
ef
o
r
e
L
PW
AN
-
b
ased
I
o
T
co
n
n
ec
tiv
ity
s
er
v
ices
ar
e
im
p
lem
en
ted
in
B
an
d
u
n
g
city
it is
cr
u
cial
to
p
r
o
ject
th
e
i
n
itial v
alu
e
in
f
u
tu
r
e
m
ar
k
et
p
r
o
jectio
n
s
.
I
t c
an
b
e
d
o
n
e
b
y
p
r
o
jectin
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
d
ev
ices
th
at
n
ee
d
to
b
e
p
r
ed
icted
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
'
s
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
a
n
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
etwo
r
k
with
a
ten
-
y
ea
r
r
an
g
e
.
T
h
e
co
v
er
ag
e
an
d
tr
af
f
ic
r
e
q
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
ar
e
th
e
b
a
s
ic
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
in
d
ep
lo
y
in
g
L
PW
AN
n
etwo
r
k
p
lan
n
in
g
.
2
.
1
.
Ca
pa
ci
t
y
a
na
l
y
s
is
2
.
1
.
1
.
Su
bs
cr
i
ber
dem
a
nd
f
o
re
ca
s
t
ing
Data
/tra
f
f
ic
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
o
f
L
PW
AN
ar
e
an
o
th
er
f
ac
to
r
in
t
h
e
p
r
ep
a
r
atio
n
o
r
ca
lc
u
latio
n
o
f
n
etwo
r
k
d
ep
lo
y
m
e
n
t.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
was
co
n
d
u
cted
f
r
o
m
2
0
2
0
to
2
0
3
0
.
Fo
r
ec
asti
n
g
m
o
d
elin
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
d
ev
ices
with
th
e
b
ass
m
o
d
el
[
1
0
]
,
as in
:
(
)
=
1
−
−
(
+
)
1
+
−
(
+
)
(
1
)
>
0
is
th
e
in
n
o
v
atio
n
co
ef
f
icien
t
wh
ich
is
th
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
an
in
itial
p
u
r
ch
ase
at
th
e
s
tar
t
o
f
n
ew
n
etwo
r
k
d
ep
lo
y
m
e
n
t,
an
d
≥
0
is
th
e
im
itati
o
n
co
ef
f
icien
t w
h
ich
r
e
f
er
s
to
th
e
g
r
o
u
p
s
ize
o
f
f
u
tu
r
e
u
s
er
s
.
2
.
1
.
2
.
T
ra
f
f
ic
re
qu
irem
ent
s
pro
j
ec
t
io
n
Data
/tra
f
f
ic
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
d
o
n
o
t
d
ep
en
d
o
n
th
e
m
et
h
o
d
o
f
d
ep
lo
y
in
g
th
e
L
PW
AN.
Data
/tr
af
f
ic
an
aly
s
is
in
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
is
b
ased
o
n
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
s
[
1
1
]
.
On
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
o
wer
f
u
l
f
ea
tu
r
es
is
th
e
o
n
-
d
em
a
n
d
co
n
tr
o
l
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
,
in
ad
d
itio
n
to
s
ch
ed
u
led
c
o
n
tr
o
ls
o
r
r
ea
d
s
.
C
o
m
m
an
d
-
b
ased
r
e
q
u
ests
r
eq
u
i
r
e
a
n
etwo
r
k
th
at
lis
ten
s
an
d
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
o
n
-
d
e
m
an
d
co
m
m
an
d
s
p
r
o
m
p
tly
.
So
,
b
an
d
wid
th
is
n
o
t
n
e
ce
s
s
ar
y
s
in
ce
o
n
ly
l
aten
cy
i
s
th
e
m
o
s
t
r
e
q
u
ir
ed
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
I
o
T
wir
eless
co
n
n
ec
tiv
ity
m
u
s
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RE
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ased
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s
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3
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NB
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pa
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ir
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s
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af
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ch
ar
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ter
is
tics
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d
tech
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eq
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s
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n
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23
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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J
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&
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p
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ir
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ased
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s
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=
−
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+
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(
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+
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(
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=
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(
1
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T
ab
le
1
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.
C
o
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
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f
L
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eter
s
[
1
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]
M
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g
u
l
a
t
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H
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ab
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.
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k
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in
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to
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)
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(
k
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a
(
k
m
2
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a
(
k
m
2
)
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t
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7
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6
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1
2
5
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1
5
0
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0
1
6
8
7
4
.
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5
1
7
5
8
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6
6
1
1
6
7
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3
1
3
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1
2
7
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1
5
3
0
.
0
1
6
8
7
5
.
5
9
5
3
8
1
.
3
3
8
1
6
7
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3
1
3
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1
2
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5
6
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1
3
0
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1
5
5
0
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0
1
6
8
7
6
.
5
8
8
6
1
1
2
.
7
8
1
6
7
.
3
1
2
S
F
1
0
-
15
6
-
1
3
2
21
1
5
8
0
.
0
1
6
8
7
7
.
7
5
8
3
1
5
6
.
3
8
1
6
7
.
3
1
2
S
F
1
1
-
1
7
.
5
6
-
1
3
5
21
1
6
0
0
.
0
1
6
8
7
9
.
1
3
5
6
2
1
6
.
8
3
1
6
7
.
3
1
1
S
F
1
2
-
20
6
-
1
3
7
21
1
6
3
0
.
0
1
6
8
7
1
0
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7
5
7
3
0
0
.
6
6
1
6
7
.
3
1
1
SF7
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5
6
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1
2
5
21
1
5
0
0
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0
1
6
8
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4
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7
5
1
7
5
8
.
6
6
1
1
6
7
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3
1
3
3
.
3
.
2
.
NB
-
I
o
T
co
v
er
a
g
e
pla
n
nin
g
NB
-
I
o
T
u
s
es th
r
ee
-
s
ec
to
r
al
in
eNo
d
eB
ce
lls
,
as i
llu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
Usi
n
g
th
e
th
r
ee
-
s
ec
t
o
r
al
ce
ll is
to
in
cr
ea
s
es
th
e
r
a
n
g
e
an
d
ca
p
ac
ity
.
I
SD
v
alu
e
is
u
s
ed
to
d
et
er
m
in
e
th
e
ar
ea
o
f
th
e
th
r
ee
-
s
ec
to
r
al
ce
ll.
I
SD
is
a
m
ea
s
u
r
e
in
class
if
y
in
g
eNo
d
e
B
d
en
s
ity
in
ce
llu
lar
n
etwo
r
k
s
as
s
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in
3
GPP
T
R
4
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8
2
0
[
2
0
]
.
T
h
e
m
ax
im
u
m
allo
wed
p
ath
lo
s
s
(
MA
PL
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ca
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latio
n
is
b
ased
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n
th
e
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if
f
er
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b
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en
th
e
m
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s
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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I
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J
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20
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ased
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1
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.