I
nd
o
ne
s
ia
n J
o
urna
l o
f
E
lect
rica
l En
g
ineering
a
nd
Co
m
pu
t
er
Science
Vo
l.
24
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
2
0
2
1
,
p
p
.
29
~
36
I
SS
N:
2
5
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-
4
7
5
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DOI
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24
.i
1
.
pp
29
-
36
29
J
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ttp
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//ij
ee
cs.ia
esco
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M
ethod for im
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ter
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NT
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u
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ter
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te
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ased
o
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th
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p
ar
allel
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n
o
f
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tio
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wer
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o
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ce
s
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h
e
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o
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t
h
is
ap
p
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o
ac
h
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s
u
ch
as
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id
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tim
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ce
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t
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ak
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f
o
r
v
o
ltag
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r
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u
lato
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m
o
d
u
le
(
VR
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[
1
]
.
T
h
e
p
o
wer
n
ee
d
s
ar
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c
o
n
tin
u
ally
g
r
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ted
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2
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th
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ity
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ase
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f
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ilter
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[
4
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-
[
7
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.
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eq
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ir
e
h
ig
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icien
c
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m
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im
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co
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p
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ess
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o
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ter
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ea
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r
r
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ess
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n
ad
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iti
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th
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in
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d
d
esig
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ce
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r
ce
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r
en
t
an
d
r
ip
p
le
v
o
ltag
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at
th
e
o
u
tp
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t
[
8
]
.
Selecte
d
a
f
o
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r
-
s
tag
e
b
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
f
o
r
th
e
in
ten
d
ed
ap
p
licatio
n
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
u
ltip
h
ase
b
u
ck
r
e
g
u
lato
r
is
d
esig
n
ed
esp
ec
ially
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
a
b
le
lo
g
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c
co
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tr
o
ller
(
PLC
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p
o
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u
p
p
ly
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wh
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is
a
p
a
r
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f
s
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p
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y
c
o
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tr
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an
d
d
a
ta
ac
q
u
is
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(
SC
ADA
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s
y
s
tem
s
.
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u
t
in
g
en
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al
,
th
is
is
ap
p
licab
le
to
an
y
k
in
d
o
f
lo
w
v
o
ltag
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d
h
ig
h
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r
r
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t
s
y
s
tem
s
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A
PLC
is
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co
m
m
er
cial
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m
p
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y
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tem
th
at
is
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s
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to
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tr
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p
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lin
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p
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d
u
r
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an
d
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f
ac
to
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au
to
m
ati
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ip
m
e
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t
th
at
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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:
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I
n
d
o
n
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J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
24
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
2
0
2
1
:
29
-
36
30
r
eq
u
ir
es
a
v
er
y
h
i
g
h
ly
r
eliab
l
e
co
n
tr
o
l
ap
p
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a
s
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alo
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t
co
m
p
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en
ts
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as
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a
co
m
m
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m
o
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u
le,
a
ce
n
tr
al
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r
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ce
s
s
in
g
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co
m
p
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t,
a
c
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tr
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l
co
m
p
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n
e
n
t,
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as
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alo
g
f
r
o
n
t
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en
d
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AFE)
,
b
ac
k
p
lan
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co
m
m
u
n
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n
,
el
ec
tr
o
n
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p
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ce
s
s
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icr
o
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ller
s
,
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ield
p
r
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g
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a
m
m
ab
le
g
ate
ar
r
a
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co
r
d
less
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ter
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ac
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clo
ck
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g
,
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em
o
r
y
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d
u
s
er
in
ter
f
ac
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g
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all
r
eq
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i
r
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p
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wer
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L
C
s
ar
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u
s
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in
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u
r
a
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ase
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u
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s
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is
e
in
cu
r
r
en
t
co
n
s
u
m
ed
b
y
t
h
e
lo
ad
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
an
aly
zin
g
t
h
e
ef
f
icien
cy
cu
r
v
e
as
a
co
m
b
i
n
a
tio
n
o
f
lo
a
d
cu
r
r
e
n
t
an
d
p
h
ase
co
u
n
t
r
e
v
ea
ls
th
at,
u
n
d
e
r
lo
w
lo
ad
s
,
r
ed
u
cin
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
ac
tiv
e
p
h
ases
im
p
r
o
v
es
ef
f
icien
cy
.
Oth
er
th
a
n
h
i
g
h
er
ef
f
icien
cy
at
lig
h
t
lo
ad
,
t
h
is
tech
n
iq
u
e
also
in
cr
ea
s
es
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
r
ip
p
l
e
[
9
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
esen
t
wo
r
k
d
ea
ls
with
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
a
n
ew
d
ir
ec
t
cu
r
r
e
n
t
-
d
ir
ec
t
cu
r
r
e
n
t
(
DC
-
DC
)
c
o
n
v
e
r
ter
with
lo
wer
v
o
ltag
e
r
ip
p
le
an
d
h
ig
h
er
ef
f
icien
c
y
[
1
0
]
.
A
p
h
ase
-
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
tech
n
iq
u
e
is
u
s
ed
to
ac
h
iev
e
an
o
p
tim
al
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
cu
r
v
e
b
y
s
h
u
ttin
g
o
f
f
a
d
ef
in
ed
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
h
ases
as
th
e
elec
tr
ic
d
em
an
d
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
[
1
1
]
.
L
o
s
s
es
in
th
e
s
witch
in
g
co
n
v
er
ter
s
p
lay
a
m
ajo
r
r
o
le
in
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
ef
f
icien
cy
.
Sin
g
le
-
p
h
ase
b
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
s
h
av
e
lo
w
ef
f
icien
c
y
at
lig
h
t
lo
ad
s
i
n
g
e
n
er
al
[
1
2
]
.
Activ
atin
g
m
an
y
p
h
ases
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
ly
r
ed
u
ce
s
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
o
n
-
r
esis
tan
ce
,
wh
ic
h
im
p
r
o
v
es
ef
f
icien
c
y
f
o
r
lar
g
er
lo
ad
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
ac
tiv
e
p
h
ases
m
u
s
t
b
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
to
a
m
i
n
im
u
m
at
lo
wer
lo
ad
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
to
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
s
witch
in
g
lo
s
s
an
d
en
h
an
ce
ef
f
icien
c
y
[
1
3
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
lo
ad
is
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
o
v
er
all
m
o
d
u
les,
th
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
lo
ad
ex
p
er
ien
ce
d
b
y
i
n
d
iv
id
u
al
m
o
d
u
les v
ar
ies as t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
ac
tiv
e
p
h
ases
ch
an
g
es
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
is
th
esis
s
u
g
g
ests
a
n
ew
te
ch
n
iq
u
e,
ca
lled
th
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
co
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
iq
u
e,
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
r
ip
p
le
r
ed
u
ctio
n
in
m
u
ltip
h
ase
co
n
v
e
r
ter
s
.
T
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
c
o
n
tr
o
l
m
eth
o
d
s
u
g
g
ests
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
d
u
r
in
g
lig
h
t
lo
ad
s
,
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
r
e
d
u
ctio
n
in
r
ip
p
le.
T
h
is
is
d
o
n
e
b
y
r
e
d
u
cin
g
th
e
d
u
ty
cy
cle
o
f
th
e
s
tag
e
p
r
o
g
r
ess
iv
ely
to
ze
r
o
.
I
n
th
is
jo
b
,
an
a
v
er
ag
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
th
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
co
n
tr
o
l
m
eth
o
d
is
cr
ea
ted
as
well
as
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
d
u
r
in
g
p
h
ase
s
h
ed
d
in
g
is
ca
lcu
lated
o
n
th
e
b
as
is
o
f
d
if
f
er
en
t
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
m
ath
em
atica
l
d
esig
n
s
o
f
th
ese
co
n
v
er
ter
s
ar
e
cr
itical
f
o
r
s
tu
d
y
in
g
th
e
s
y
s
tem
's
d
y
n
am
ic
b
eh
av
io
r
s
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
co
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
iq
u
e
is
also
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
o
th
er
co
m
m
o
n
wa
y
s
p
r
esen
ted
in
liter
atu
r
e
a
n
d
it
h
as
b
e
en
v
alid
ated
an
aly
tically
as
well
as
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
im
u
latio
n
b
ased
o
n
th
e
M
AT
L
AB
/Si
m
u
lin
k
m
o
d
el
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
e
r
em
ain
in
g
p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
p
ap
e
r
is
o
r
g
an
ize
d
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
p
ar
t
co
v
er
s
a
f
o
u
r
-
s
tag
e
b
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
a
n
d
its
ef
f
ici
en
cy
u
n
d
er
v
a
r
io
u
s
lo
ad
s
.
Sectio
n
t
h
r
ee
p
r
o
v
id
es
s
im
u
latio
n
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
th
at
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
r
ed
u
ce
d
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
r
ip
p
le.
Sectio
n
f
o
u
r
b
r
in
g
s
th
e
p
ap
er
to
a
co
m
p
letio
n
.
2.
B
AS
I
C
SCH
E
M
E
O
F
M
U
L
T
I
P
H
AS
E
B
U
CK
CO
NVER
T
E
R
Fig
u
r
e
1
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
b
asic
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
o
f
a
f
our
-
s
tag
e
DC
-
DC
b
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
s
u
g
g
ested
m
u
ltip
le
in
p
u
t
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e'
s
b
asic
ce
ll
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
two
s
witch
es
an
d
a
DC
s
o
u
r
ce
.
T
h
e
s
witch
es
ar
e
is
o
lated
f
r
o
m
o
n
e
an
o
th
er
[
1
7
]
.
T
h
e
c
o
n
v
e
r
ter
is
m
ad
e
u
p
o
f
f
o
u
r
-
u
n
it
ce
ll
s
,
ea
ch
o
f
wh
ic
h
in
clu
d
es
a
D
C
v
o
ltag
e
s
o
u
r
ce
,
a
tr
an
s
is
to
r
as
a
s
witch
,
an
d
a
d
io
d
e
[
1
8
]
.
L
im
ited
th
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
p
h
ases
to
f
o
u
r
(
N
=
4
)
as
a
n
illu
s
tr
atio
n
r
ath
er
th
an
a
lim
itatio
n
,
in
o
r
d
e
r
to
k
ee
p
th
e
d
iag
r
am
s
im
p
le
an
d
s
u
f
f
icien
tly
d
is
cu
s
s
th
e
p
ap
er
'
s
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
in
d
ep
th
.
I
n
s
tead
o
f
all
p
h
ases
b
ein
g
en
g
ag
ed
(
s
witch
ed
ON)
a
t
th
e
s
am
e
tim
e,
th
e
f
o
u
r
-
p
h
ase
c
o
n
v
er
te
r
'
s
s
witch
in
g
p
atter
n
is
n
o
r
m
ally
s
tag
g
er
ed
ev
en
ly
i
n
th
is
d
esig
n
.
I
n
o
th
e
r
wo
r
d
s
,
in
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
N
=
4
,
ea
ch
p
u
ls
e
wid
th
m
o
d
u
latio
n
(
PW
M
)
s
ig
n
al
h
as
a
p
h
ase
s
h
if
t
o
f
a
m
u
ltip
le
o
f
9
0
°.
Fig
u
r
e
2
co
m
p
ar
es
th
e
s
witch
in
g
cy
cles o
f
a
s
in
g
le
-
p
h
as
e
an
d
a
f
o
u
r
-
p
h
ase
co
n
v
e
r
ter
.
Am
o
n
g
th
e
o
th
er
b
en
ef
its
d
escr
ib
ed
in
th
e
ea
r
lier
s
ec
tio
n
,
s
u
ch
a
m
u
ltip
h
ase
co
n
v
er
ter
r
e
d
u
ce
s
o
u
tp
u
t r
ip
p
le
a
n
d
lo
wer
s
DC
in
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
en
t
p
er
p
h
ase
[
1
9
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
co
m
p
ar
es
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
r
ip
p
le
o
f
s
in
g
le
p
h
ase
a
n
d
f
o
u
r
-
p
h
ase
c
o
n
v
er
ter
s
,
a
n
d
F
ig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
ws
th
e
n
o
r
m
alis
ed
in
p
u
t
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
r
o
o
t
m
ea
n
s
q
u
a
r
e
(
R
MS
)
cu
r
r
e
n
t.
As
th
e
v
ar
i
o
u
s
r
i
p
p
l
e
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
f
o
r
ea
ch
p
h
ase
ca
n
ce
l
ea
ch
o
th
er
o
u
t
,
th
e
in
p
u
t
R
MS
cu
r
r
en
t
g
o
es
to
ze
r
o
.
M
u
ltip
h
ase
in
ter
l
ea
v
ed
b
u
c
k
VR
M
(
MPVRM
)
p
er
m
its
lo
w
-
v
o
lta
g
e
h
ig
h
-
cu
r
r
en
t
o
p
er
atio
n
wh
i
le
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
h
ig
h
p
o
wer
d
en
s
ity
,
h
ig
h
c
o
n
v
er
s
io
n
ef
f
icien
cy
,
a
n
d
q
u
ick
d
y
n
am
i
c
r
esp
o
n
s
e
[
2
0
]
.
Du
e
t
o
h
ig
h
er
s
witch
in
g
lo
s
s
,
in
ter
leav
ed
DC
/D
C
co
n
v
er
ter
s
h
av
e
lo
wer
ef
f
icien
cy
at
m
i
ld
lo
ad
s
th
an
th
eir
s
in
g
le
s
tag
e
co
u
n
te
r
p
ar
ts
.
Sev
er
al
s
tr
ateg
ies
h
av
e
b
ee
n
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
t
h
e
li
g
h
t
lo
a
d
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
DC
/DC
co
n
v
er
ter
s
.
T
h
e
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
ed
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
en
h
an
cin
g
th
e
lig
h
t
lo
ad
ef
f
ic
ien
cy
o
f
h
ig
h
er
p
o
wer
ap
p
licatio
n
s
is
p
h
ase
s
h
ed
d
in
g
[
2
1
]
.
Ov
er
a
la
r
g
e
lo
a
d
r
an
g
e,
th
e
p
h
ase
-
s
h
ed
d
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
h
el
p
s
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
ef
f
icien
cy
.
W
h
en
th
e
lo
ad
cu
r
r
e
n
t
is
lo
wer
ed
,
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
u
n
n
i
n
g
p
h
ases
is
r
ed
u
ce
d
,
an
d
ju
s
t
o
n
e
p
h
ase
is
g
r
ad
u
ally
lin
k
ed
to
th
e
lo
ad
s
y
s
tem
u
n
d
er
m
ild
lo
ad
s
[
2
2
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
u
n
d
er
m
ed
iu
m
a
n
d
lig
h
t
lo
ad
s
,
r
em
o
v
in
g
a
f
ew
s
tag
es
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
ten
d
s
to
ca
u
s
e
th
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
alter
n
atin
g
cu
r
r
en
t
(
AC
)
co
n
ten
t
at
th
e
ex
is
tin
g
in
p
u
t
an
d
o
u
tp
u
t
to
in
cr
ea
s
e.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
th
is
m
ay
r
esu
lt in
ex
ce
ed
in
g
th
e
m
a
x
im
u
m
cu
r
r
en
t a
n
d
v
o
ltag
e
s
u
r
g
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
.
T
h
is
m
eth
o
d
also
r
esu
lts
in
lar
g
er
p
o
wer
lo
s
s
es,
n
eg
atin
g
th
e
b
e
n
ef
it o
f
p
h
ase
-
s
h
ed
d
in
g
d
u
r
in
g
lig
h
t lo
a
d
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
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icien
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f
o
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ase
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in
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o
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e
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ed
[
2
5
]
.
Fig
u
r
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6
p
r
esen
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th
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
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r
r
en
t
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r
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f
a
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r
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ase
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u
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n
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ter
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ith
a
lo
ad
o
f
12A
,
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
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is
co
n
tr
o
ll
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at
9
V.
Fig
u
r
e
7
d
is
p
lay
s
th
e
g
ate
p
u
ls
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to
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e
f
o
u
r
s
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in
th
e
f
o
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r
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p
h
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n
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te
r
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well
as
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e
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d
cu
r
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e
n
t
ag
ain
s
t
o
u
t
p
u
t
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ip
p
le
v
o
ltag
e.
Fro
m
th
e
f
ig
u
r
e,
it is
ev
id
e
n
t th
at
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t r
ip
p
le
v
o
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e
is
ap
p
r
o
x
i
m
ately
8
m
V
at
a
s
witch
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g
f
r
e
q
u
en
cy
o
f
2
0
0
k
Hz.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
R
eg
u
lated
o
u
tp
u
t v
o
l
ag
e
an
d
c
u
r
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n
t f
r
o
m
4
p
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ase
co
n
v
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ter
Fig
u
r
e
8
s
h
o
ws
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e
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ate
p
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r
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r
ee
s
witch
es
o
f
a
f
o
u
r
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ase
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n
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ter
,
as
well
as
th
e
r
ip
p
le
in
o
u
tp
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t
v
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e
as
a
f
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n
ctio
n
o
f
lo
ad
cu
r
r
en
t.
T
h
e
r
i
p
p
le
v
o
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e
in
th
is
ca
s
e
is
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8
m
V
at
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3
0
Kh
z
.
Fig
u
r
e
9
illu
s
tr
ates
g
ate
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s
to
t
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o
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ase
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r
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a
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lo
ad
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r
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en
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v
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t
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r
ip
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le,
wh
ich
is
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7
m
V
at
2
4
0
KHz
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
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r
ep
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ate
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ase
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r
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e,
wh
ich
is
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m
V
at
2
7
0
k
Hz.
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Gate
p
u
ls
es to
th
e
4
p
h
ase
co
n
v
er
t
er
an
d
l
o
ad
cu
r
r
en
t
v
s
o
u
tp
u
t r
i
p
p
le
v
o
ltag
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
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I
n
d
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J
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lec
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n
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&
C
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p
Sci,
Vo
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24
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u
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e
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g
p
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ase
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Fig
u
r
e
1
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M
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ase
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ter
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t
v
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t r
ip
p
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o
lt
ag
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
Meth
o
d
fo
r
imp
r
o
vin
g
r
ip
p
le
r
ed
u
ctio
n
d
u
r
in
g
p
h
a
s
e
s
h
ed
d
i
n
g
in
mu
ltip
h
a
s
e
b
u
ck
…
(
Min
i P
.
V
a
r
g
h
ese
)
35
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
p
r
esen
ts
a
f
o
u
r
-
s
tag
e
b
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
with
a
p
h
a
s
e
-
s
h
ed
d
in
g
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
em
e
to
en
h
an
ce
th
e
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
lig
h
t
lo
ad
co
n
v
er
ter
s
.
T
h
e
g
o
al
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
was
to
s
h
o
w
th
at
o
u
tp
u
t
r
ip
p
le
v
o
ltag
e
m
ay
b
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
with
o
u
t
co
m
p
r
o
m
is
in
g
co
n
v
er
ter
lig
h
t
lo
ad
e
f
f
icien
cy
.
Af
ter
in
c
o
r
p
o
r
atin
g
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
i
n
to
a
m
u
ltip
h
ase
co
n
v
er
te
r
,
it
is
ev
id
en
t
th
at
th
e
r
ip
p
le
at
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
o
v
er
tim
e
as
th
e
p
h
ase
r
ed
u
ctio
n
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
p
r
o
g
r
es
s
es.
C
ir
cu
it
s
im
u
latio
n
d
ata
is
u
s
ed
to
d
eter
m
in
e
an
d
ev
alu
ate
lig
h
t
l
o
ad
ef
f
icien
cy
en
h
an
ce
m
e
n
ts
.
T
h
e
r
ip
p
le
co
n
ten
t
at
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
h
as
b
ee
n
r
ed
u
ce
d
to
1
.
3
m
V
u
n
d
er
lig
h
t
lo
ad
,
an
d
th
e
ef
f
icien
cy
h
as
b
ee
n
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
to
a
h
ig
h
er
ex
te
n
t,
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
s
im
u
lated
r
esu
lts
.
T
h
is
id
ea
l
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
h
as b
ee
n
s
h
o
wn
to
b
e
t
h
e
b
est o
p
tio
n
f
o
r
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
u
s
ed
in
h
ig
h
-
p
o
wer
a
p
p
licati
o
n
s
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
Li
n
J
.
T
.
,
Hu
K
.
Y
.
,
a
n
d
Tsa
i
C
.
H
.
,
“
Dig
it
a
l
m
u
lt
i
p
h
a
se
b
u
c
k
c
o
n
v
e
rter
wit
h
c
u
rre
n
t
b
a
lan
c
e
/
p
h
a
se
sh
e
d
d
in
g
c
o
n
tro
l,
”
I
n
T
ENCON
2
0
1
5
-
2
0
1
5
IEE
E
Reg
io
n
1
0
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
,
IEE
E,
2
0
1
5
,
No
v
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
5
.
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
TE
NCO
N.2
0
1
5
.
7
3
7
2
7
7
8
.
[2
]
Lee
J
.
S
.
,
Hu
a
n
g
C
.
Y
.
,
L
ian
g
T
.
J
.
,
a
n
d
C
h
e
n
K
.
H
.
,
“
De
sig
n
o
f
c
o
n
tro
l
IC
fo
r
m
u
lt
i
p
h
a
se
in
terle
a
v
e
d
b
u
c
k
c
o
n
v
e
rte
r
wit
h
a
lt
e
rn
a
te
p
h
a
se
-
sh
e
d
d
in
g
,
”
In
2
0
1
5
9
t
h
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
P
o
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
i
c
s
a
n
d
ECC
E
Asia
(ICPE
-
ECC
E
Asi
a
)
,
2
0
1
5
,
Ju
n
1
,
p
p
.
1
0
2
5
-
1
0
3
2
,
IE
EE
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/ICP
E
.
2
0
1
5
.
7
1
6
7
9
0
7
.
[3
]
S
u
Y
.
,
Ch
e
n
g
K
.
Y
.
,
a
n
d
Wu
W
.
,
“
Hig
h
-
e
fficie
n
c
y
m
u
lt
i
p
h
a
se
D
C
-
DC
c
o
n
v
e
rters
fo
r
p
o
we
rin
g
p
ro
c
e
ss
o
rs
wit
h
tu
rb
o
m
o
d
e
b
a
se
d
o
n
c
o
n
fig
u
ra
b
l
e
c
u
rre
n
t
s
h
a
rin
g
ra
ti
o
s
a
n
d
i
n
telli
g
e
n
t
p
h
a
se
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t,
”
In
2
0
1
7
IEE
E
A
p
p
li
e
d
Po
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
Exp
o
siti
o
n
(AP
EC)
,
2
0
1
7
M
a
r
2
6
,
p
p
.
1
9
1
-
1
9
6
.
IEE
E
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/A
P
EC.
2
0
1
7
.
7
9
3
0
6
9
2
.
[4
]
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
K
.
,
Da
m
ien
P
.
,
B
e
n
j
a
m
in
B
.
,
Da
v
i
d
B
.
,
M
a
rc
e
lo
G
.
S
.
,
a
n
d
Ab
d
e
ll
a
ti
f
M
.
,
“
E
x
p
e
rime
n
t
a
l
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
fo
u
r
p
h
a
se
flo
a
ti
n
g
i
n
terle
a
v
e
d
b
o
o
st
c
o
n
v
e
rter
d
e
sig
n
a
n
d
c
o
n
tr
o
l
fo
r
f
u
e
l
c
e
ll
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
”
IE
T
P
o
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
.
,
v
o
l.
6
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
2
1
5
-
2
2
6
,
2
0
1
3
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
4
9
/
iet
-
p
e
l.
2
0
1
2
.
0
2
2
1
.
[5
]
Yo
n
g
-
S
e
o
n
g
R
.
,
Yo
u
n
g
-
Jin
M
.
,
Je
o
n
g
p
y
o
P
.
,
M
i
n
-
G
y
u
J
.,
a
n
d
Ch
a
n
g
si
k
Y
.
,
“
A
m
u
l
ti
p
h
a
se
sy
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
b
u
c
k
c
o
n
v
e
rter
with
a
fu
ll
y
i
n
te
g
ra
ted
c
u
rre
n
t
b
a
lan
c
in
g
sc
h
e
me
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.P
o
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
.,
v
o
l
.
3
0
,
n
o
.
9
,
p
p
.
5
1
5
9
-
5
1
6
9
,
2
0
1
5
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/T
P
EL
.
2
0
1
4
.
2
3
6
8
1
3
0
.
[6
]
S
z
u
Yu
H
.
,
Ku
a
n
Yu
F
.
,
Yi
W
e
i
H
.
,
S
h
ih
Hs
iu
n
g
C.
,
a
n
d
Tai
Ha
u
r
K
.
,
“
Ca
p
a
c
it
o
r
-
c
u
rre
n
t
-
se
n
so
r
c
a
li
b
ra
ti
o
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
a
n
d
a
p
p
l
ica
ti
o
n
in
a
4
-
p
h
a
se
b
u
c
k
c
o
n
v
e
rter
w
it
h
lo
a
d
tran
sie
n
t
o
p
ti
m
iza
ti
o
n
,
”
IE
EE
In
t.
S
o
li
d
-
S
ta
te
Circ
u
it
s Co
n
f.
(I
S
S
CC
2
0
1
6
)
,
31
-
4
F
e
b
ru
a
ry
2
0
1
6
,
p
p
.
2
2
8
-
2
2
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/I
S
S
CC.
2
0
1
6
.
7
4
1
7
9
9
0
.
[7
]
Zh
a
n
g
S
.
,
Zh
a
o
M
.
,
Wu
X
.
,
a
n
d
Zh
a
n
g
H
.
,
“
Du
a
l
-
p
h
a
se
DC
-
DC
b
u
c
k
c
o
n
v
e
rter
with
l
ig
h
t
-
lo
a
d
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
fo
r
p
o
rtab
le
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
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2
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2
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[1
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0
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.
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2
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In
2
0
1
4
IEE
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A
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p
li
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6
8
0
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5
6
7
.
[2
2
]
Je
n
-
Ta
S
.
a
n
d
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h
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h
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Wen
L
.
,
“
A
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rters
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[2
3
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Hz
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p
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with
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ra
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s S
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[2
4
]
P
u
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.
a
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h
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se
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a
ra
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.
,
“
An
in
te
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ra
ted
b
a
y
e
s
so
ft
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tch
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g
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terle
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b
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ter
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ti
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[2
5
]
F
e
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C
.
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h
m
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d
M
.
H
.
,
Lee
F
.
C
.
,
a
n
d
Li
Q
.
,
“
Dy
n
a
m
ic
b
u
s
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lt
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i
m
p
ro
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t
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f
two
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sta
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re
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In
2
0
1
6
IEE
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n
e
rg
y
Co
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v
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rs
io
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Co
n
g
re
ss
a
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d
Exp
o
siti
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(ECCE
)
,
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p
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p
p
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d
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6
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5
0
5
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.
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I
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G
RAP
H
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AUTH
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RS
Mi
n
i
P
.
Va
r
g
h
e
se
re
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d
AMIE
in
El
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c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
c
o
m
m
u
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ica
ti
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fr
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stit
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g
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ia
in
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a
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tec
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strial
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fr
o
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in
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rtme
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tro
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sti
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c
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it
c
h
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m
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su
p
p
li
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n
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fro
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n
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d
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g
1
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m
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h
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in
p
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m
fro
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wo
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s.
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