TELKOM
NIKA
, Vol. 11, No. 7, July 201
3, pp. 3546 ~ 3551
e-ISSN: 2087
-278X
3546
Re
cei
v
ed
Jan
uary 10, 201
3
;
Revi
sed Ma
rch 1
3
, 2013;
Acce
pted Ma
rch 3
0
, 2013
Intra-Inter Triplet Object Interaction Mechanism in
Triplet-Based Hierarchical Int
e
rconnection Network
Talpur Shah
na
w
a
z
*1,2
, Qureshi Imran Ali
2
,
Khahro Shahna
w
a
z Farhan
1
, Kav
i
ta
Tabba
ssum
3
, Erum Saba
3
1
Beijin
g Institute of
T
e
chnol
og
y,
Beij
in
g, P. R. China
2
Mehran U
n
ive
r
sit
y
of en
gin
e
e
r
ing a
nd T
e
chn
o
lo
g
y
J
a
mshor
o, Sindh, Pak
i
s
t
an
3
Information T
e
chno
log
y
C
ent
er, Sindh Agr
i
c
u
lture U
n
ivers
i
ty T
andoj
am, Pakistan
*Corres
p
o
ndi
n
g
author, e-ma
i
l
: talpur@
b
it.ed
u
.cn
*1
, shahna
w
a
zfarh
an@
g
m
ail.com
A
b
st
r
a
ct
Object ori
ent
ed la
ng
ua
ges
usual
ly av
oid
direct
messa
ge p
a
ssin
g
, d
ue to its co
mplicat
e
d
imple
m
entati
o
n
,
thoug
h that
i
s
the pr
omisi
n
g w
a
y to co
mmu
n
ic
ate in
co
ncurre
ntly in
he
rited o
b
jects.
W
i
th
the adv
anc
e
m
ent in th
e h
i
g
h
perfor
m
anc
e
computi
ng
sy
stem, i
n
teracti
on b
e
tw
een p
a
rall
el
app
lic
atio
n
obj
ects onto p
h
ysical c
o
res b
e
co
mes o
ne of
the signific
ant issues, w
h
ich i
s
not fully expl
ored yet. In obj
ect
orie
nted pr
ogr
amming
attrib
ute data is i
n
clud
ed in
obj
e
c
ts and their
state can be
chan
ge
d usin
g
the
meth
ods. O
b
je
cts ena
bl
e
ma
ssage
p
a
ssin
g
to ot
her
obj
ec
ts interacti
n
g
w
i
th each
oth
e
r
. Co
mpr
ehe
ns
ive
prob
le
ms
c
an be mo
ld
ed by
obj
ect-ori
ente
d
meth
odo
lo
gy
, and s
o
lv
es d
i
fficult pro
g
ra
m runn
in
g o
b
jec
t
-
orie
nted
pro
g
r
a
ms.
Cor
e
s co
mmu
n
icat
e w
i
th e
a
ch
other
t
h
rou
gh c
o
mmu
n
icator
an
d
gro
ups
in MPI,
bu
t i
n
our refer
enc
e
architectur
e
T
B
HIN (T
ripl
et Based
Hi
erarc
h
ical
Interco
n
n
e
ction
Netw
or
k), the cores
ar
e
alre
ady facti
o
n
in T
r
ip
lets. W
e
pro
pos
e IIT
OIM Model to
i
m
prove th
e p
e
rformanc
e w
i
th efficient i
n
tra-i
n
te
r
triplet cores co
mmu
n
icati
on
mecha
n
is
m betw
een the
obj
ects in T
B
HIN.
Key
w
ords
:
TBHIN, CMP, OOP, Message Passin
g
, Multi-
Core
1. Introduc
tion
A lot of research is bei
ng done o
n
chip multi pro
c
e
s
sor a
nd high pe
rforma
nce
comp
uting.
Ho
wever
mul
t
iple co
re
s a
r
e in
co
rpo
r
at
ed on
chi
p
to increa
se t
he efficie
n
cy
of
comp
utation.
Interco
nne
cti
on scala
b
ility, flex
ibility and reliability ca
n
be achieved
whe
n
Net
w
ork
-
on-chip e
nabl
es mo
re integ
r
ated cores o
n
system
-on
-
Chip.
Quite a lot o
f
applicatio
n
are
su
ccessf
ully
develope
d in high p
e
rforman
c
e
co
mputing
with hig
h
deg
ree of th
rea
d
parall
e
lism .
Comm
on to t
hese ap
plicati
ons i
s
MPI (m
essag
e
Passi
ng
interface) fra
m
ewo
r
k and
the platform
is clu
s
ter
computing
wit
h
hund
re
ds
of CPUs but
the
resea
r
chers
also
me
ntion
some
d
e
me
rits of
MP
I in
e
m
bedd
ed
mul
t
icore
system
s a
s
the li
bra
r
y
of MPI is a big obsta
cle in
accomm
odati
ng in local memory.
In cu
rre
nt do
main of
com
puting, the f
o
cu
s of th
e
venders i
s
CMP archite
c
ture
with
gro
w
ing num
ber
of cores. The
ap
plication
should
be
desi
gne
d in such
a man
n
e
r
that ca
n ea
sily
be ad
opted
by pro
c
e
s
sors to run the
m
in mult
ithread.
Obj
e
ct oriente
d
sta
n
dard allo
ws cod
e
maintena
nce, reu
s
a
b
ility and
scalabilit
y [1]. Multiple obj
ect
s
accumul
a
te
a cla
s
s in
o
b
ject
oriente
d
app
roach. Each o
b
ject is ind
e
n
t
ified as
solo
entity
[2].
For de
cad
e
s o
b
ject ori
ente
d
prog
ram
m
ing
is the m
a
in
stream fo
r d
e
velopin
g
ap
plication but o
b
je
cts o
n
phy
sical co
re
s in
HPC
need
mo
re
attention to
ma
p pa
rallel
p
r
o
g
ram
s
[3]. M
e
ssag
e i
s
the
co
mmon
wa
y throu
gh
whi
c
h
obje
c
ts can in
teract
with ea
ch othe
r.
In the multicore e
r
a there
are the obj
ect or
ie
nted architectu
re whi
c
h
supp
orts
obje
c
ts
dire
ctly mapp
ed on the
cores. Fe
w sig
n
i
f
icantly 2DM
e
sh multi
c
ore
architectu
re
s,
base
on three
interconn
ect stru
cture
wit
h
hier
archi
c
a
l
grou
ping of
sha
r
ed stor
age in
cludi
ng
tile layout and
multi-mod
a
l n
e
w te
ch
nolo
g
y
feature
s
of
CMP.
Th
ose
have h
a
rd
wa
re
sup
p
o
r
t on
the m
e
ssag
e
mech
ani
sm a
nd obje
c
t ma
nagem
ent.
The d
e
velop
m
ent p
r
o
c
e
s
s of
obje
c
t-o
r
iented
software fin
d
s su
ch
a wi
de
range
of
appli
c
ation
s
, due to inhe
rent parall
e
lism [4][5][6][7
]. The main force lie
s in the emergen
ce
of
obje
c
t-o
r
iente
d
techn
o
logy
, significa
ntly r
edu
cing
so
ftware devel
opment effort
. Based on t
he
resea
r
ch of
multico
r
e m
e
ssage
co
mm
unication p
a
radigm, in thi
s
pa
pe
r we
prop
ose o
b
je
ct
intera
ction/co
mmuni
cation Mech
ani
sm within
a singl
e
triplet
core and cores ou
tside
that
trip
let
c
a
lled Intra-Inter-Core Objec
t
In
terac
t
ion
mec
h
anis
m
(I
ITOIM).
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
e-ISSN:
2087
-278X
Intra-Inter Tri
p
let Object In
teraction Mechani
sm
in Triple
t-Based ... (Talpur Shahnawaz)
3547
The pa
pe
r is orga
nized
with different
Sect
ion
s
. Se
ction 2 ill
ustrate obje
c
t hy
pothe
sis.
Section 3 de
monst
r
ate
s
communi
catio
n
model.
Sect
ion 4 expre
sses me
cha
n
ism and evalua
tion.
In Section 5 related work is discusse
d.
Paper
will be concl
ude
d in section 6.
2.
Object M
ess
aging H
y
pothesis
2.1 Messa
ge
necessi
t
y
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
obje
c
ts
The method
s
and data buil
d
an entity, called obj
e
c
t. Gene
rally mu
ltiple object
s
employ a
signifi
cant
rol
e
in me
ssag
e pa
radi
gm
particula
rl
y in
teractin
g
with
each oth
e
r.
Different
obje
c
t
oriente
d
lan
g
uage
s p
r
ovid
e different m
e
ch
ani
sms fo
r interactin
g
betwe
en obj
e
c
ts li
ke in jav
a
by
usin
g parame
t
ers.
In object o
r
iented prog
ra
mming, meth
ods a
r
e
call
ed either di
rectly or by passin
g
para
m
eters. The sa
me proce
dure is kn
own a
s
me
ssage pa
ssing
whe
n
the method
s exist on
one
core and a
r
e calle
d by obje
c
ts ru
nni
ng in an an
other
core in multico
r
e
architectu
re.
The
messag
e se
nd
a
nd re
ce
ive
is additi
onal co
urse
of actio
n
co
mpari
ng to
the
conve
n
tio
nal
method
s calli
ng in OOP.
Some re
sea
r
che
r
thoug
ht there shoul
d be som
e
information st
ay alive, when the obje
c
t
at one
co
re
receive
s
m
e
ssag
e fro
m
se
nder obj
ec
t
o
f
other
co
re.
In other word
s the
me
ssa
ge
handl
er
will b
e
call
ed fo
r a
ppro
p
ri
ate a
c
tion. The inte
ractio
n b
e
twe
en the
obje
c
t
s
could
direct
ly
or indi
rectly depe
nd on th
e sen
d
and receive in
itiat
o
r and the
synch
r
on
ou
s a
nd asyn
ch
ron
ous
comm
uni
cati
on.
2.2 Object
Associa
t
ion o
n
cores
There are mu
ltiple obje
c
ts
runni
ng o
n
e
a
ch
co
re a
s
sho
w
n in
Fig
u
re 1. O
b
je
ct con
s
i
s
ts
of data and functio
n
s op
erate on t
hat data. Each obj
ect is the
owner of an indi
vidual queu
e of
messag
es th
at store
s
eve
r
y service re
q
ueste
d to
it [8]. Each co
re i
s
al
so o
w
ne
r
of object q
u
e
u
e
within the T
r
i
p
let. There will be an o
b
je
ct table
for o
b
ject recognit
i
on amo
ng e
a
ch
other, a
p
art
from intra
or i
n
ter core com
m
unication.
Our m
odel i
s
different from
MPI. We don
’t need g
r
ou
pi
ng
whi
c
h i
s
extra bu
rde
n
o
n
pro
c
e
s
sor to
ran
k
the
core in
ea
ch
group. In
our schem
e
within
a
Triplet i
n
tera
ction
betwee
n
obj
ect
s
i
s
sup
p
o
s
ed
“in
t
ra
core” an
d
between
the
Tripl
e
ts is said
“inter core” communi
catio
n
.
Figure 1. Inter Core Interaction
3.
Object Com
m
unication Model
in
TBHIN
3.1 An Intra
Triplet Object communication
In Figure 1,
assume that
whe
n
first ob
ject
of c
o
re I, lik
es
to communicate to c
o
re J
’
s
se
con
d
o
b
je
ct, the me
ssag
e is create
d
t
o
send
OB
J2
of J,
whi
c
h
re
ceive th
e me
ssage
an
d
se
nd
back the
ha
n
d
ler
add
re
ss.
OBJ1
of I re
ceive
the
me
ssage
and
ex
ecute t
he m
e
thod requi
red
or
may need
d
a
ta to com
p
l
e
te the job.
In the TBHI
N Obj
e
ct o
r
i
ented a
r
chite
c
ture
s, it will
b
e
deci
ded
acco
rding
to tri
p
let
co
de
whet
he
r the
me
ssag
e is for th
e o
b
ject i
n
the
same tri
p
let o
r
for
the obje
c
t to different triple
t acco
rdin
g DDR al
gorith
m
[9][10].
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e-ISSN:
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TELKOM
NIKA
Vol. 11, No
. 7, July 2013
: 3546– 355
1
3548
3.2 An Inter
Triplet Object communication
We
su
ppo
se
t
hat
co
re I
’
s f
i
rst
o
b
je
ct
int
e
ra
ct
s
with the Core
Q’s firs
t objec
t. Firs
t it is
deci
ded
acco
rding to th
e triplet code th
at the me
ssa
ge is
not for the obje
c
t o
f
same tri
p
let
.
Acco
rdi
ng to
the routing
schem
e i
n
TB
HIN th
e m
e
ssag
e tran
sfers from
so
urce core to
target
core and the
n
to the target obje
c
t.
Thre
e triplets with nine co
res are sh
own
in
Figure 2. For identifi
c
at
ion of each o
b
ject on
the core in the triplet,
we
build object i
d
entificat
ion
wi
th the
Core I
D
exp
r
e
s
sed
in [2]. The
obj
ect
ID is cre
a
ted
as the o
b
je
ct is ente
r
ed in
obje
c
t queu
e
with FIFO fa
shion. The
se
q
uen
ce nu
mbe
r
will be generated for that
object e.
g Sq1, Sq2, …. Sqn. Every core
is
connected in Tripl
e
t-B
a
sed
Hierarchi
c
al Interconn
ectio
n
Netwo
r
k faction as
de
scri
bed in the ad
dre
ssi
ng a
s
given in Table 1.
Acco
rdi
ng to [4] the sequ
en
ce num
be
r (S
q) will be a
d
d
ed to gene
rat
e
obje
c
t ID.
Figure 2. Intra/Inter Triplet
Object
s Co
m
m
unication M
a
ch
eni
sm in TBHIN
Table 1. TBHIN Adre
ssesi
n
g
Trip
let 1(0
1
)
Trip
let 2(1
0
)
Trip
let 3(1
1
)
Co
re
1
Co
re
2
Co
re
3
Co
re
4
Co
re
5
Co
re
6
Co
re
7
Co
re
8
Co
re
9
0101
0110 0111 1001 1010 1011 1101
1110 1111
3.3 Unique o
b
ject Sequ
e
n
ce Numb
er
Every co
re i
s
recogni
ze
d
with al
pha
b
e
t and th
e o
b
ject i
s
di
sti
ngui
she
d
wit
h
alph
a
nume
r
ic label
“obj
”
plu
s
n
u
mbe
r
a
c
cording to
the
e
n
tran
ce i
n
q
ueue, m
a
ki
n
g
Uniqu
e
O
b
ject
Sequen
ce
(UOS) a
s
id
enti
f
ication. Th
e
obje
c
ts
will b
e
ackn
owl
e
d
ged th
rou
gh
UOS in
se
ndi
ng
and re
ceivin
g
message
s b
e
twee
n so
urce core and ta
rget co
re.
Each o
b
je
ct may have
seve
ral thread
s. The I
D
for th
rea
d
s
will be
gene
rate
d
“obj
+nu
m
be
r+Tnu
m
be
r”.
The th
rea
d
q
ueue
will
be
maintaine
d
in
ea
ch
obje
c
t
at L1
cache
as
alrea
d
y expre
s
sed in [8] wh
ere ea
ch o
b
je
ct has in
divid
ual que
ue.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
e-ISSN:
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Intra-Inter Tri
p
let Object In
teraction Mechani
sm
in Triple
t-Based ... (Talpur Shahnawaz)
3549
4. Proposed
M
echanism
Triplet Ba
se
d Hie
r
a
r
chical Intercon
ne
cti
on
Network obj
ect
orie
nted a
r
chitecture h
a
s
pro
c
e
ssi
ng u
n
it performs t
he sam
e
ope
ration a
s
AL
U in gen
eral
CPU ,except the I/O Operation
whi
c
h is supp
orted by messag
e queu
e. Obje
cts
are modified by method
s run
n
ing in pro
c
e
ssi
n
g
part and dat
a is sto
r
ed in
Data part L1
cache an
d so on. Processing p
a
rt se
n
d
messag
es
to
other obj
ect
s
throug
h interconne
cted p
a
rt
.
Figure 3. Obj
e
ct Intera
ctio
n in TBHIN A
r
chite
c
tu
re
Figure 4. Obj
e
ct Intera
ctio
n Algorithm
Figure 3 sho
w
s p
r
o
c
e
s
sin
g
part of sou
r
ce
Co
re exe
c
uting in
struction messa
g
e
.
From
the computer’s point of vi
ew,
instructions
are the smallest
tasks/jobs whi
c
h
cannot be divided
further.
Ope
r
ator a
nd
ope
rand
com
p
o
s
e
an in
structio
n [11].The
m
e
ssag
e buil
d
s up in
the
so
u
r
ce
core Interco
n
necte
d pa
rt Buffer waitin
g to be sent
, the messa
ge thro
ugh t
he central
p
o
int
forwa
r
d to
In
terco
nne
cted
part of th
e t
a
rget
co
re, ultimately reaches
the target objec
t. After
being
re
ceive
d
at target
Core a
nd tem
pora
r
ily
sto
r
e
d
in buffer q
ueue,
ca
che
pro
c
e
s
ses it
at
approp
riate time. This p
r
o
c
e
ss i
s
mainl
y
based o
n
the obje
c
t tabl
e for the Position/Location
of
obje
c
t in messag
e queu
e. Then the pri
o
rity of
the me
ssage will b
e
inserte
d
into the messag
e
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e-ISSN:
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8
X
TELKOM
NIKA
Vol. 11, No
. 7, July 2013
: 3546– 355
1
3550
queu
e whi
c
h
will be ou
r fu
ture work not
focused in t
h
is pa
per. Th
en me
ssage/
notice i
s
se
nt to
the targ
et obj
ect waiting fo
r processin
g
. At this
point
pro
c
e
ss
of m
e
ssag
e sendi
ng an
d re
ceiv
ing
has be
en
co
mpleted
and
next (me
s
sag
e
)
pro
c
e
s
sing
is ca
rri
ed
ou
t by targ
et co
re . P
r
o
c
e
ssi
ng
part in reply
to perviou
s messag
e ma
y send the
a
ddre
s
s of the data/ method or invoke that
method which is nee
ded b
y
CoreI’s o
b
jI1 to complete
the task.
Figure 4 illustrate the obj
ect intera
ctio
n algorith
m
. In Figure 5 t
he simul
a
tion
graph
sho
w
s the p
e
rform
a
n
c
e o
f
the obje
c
ts
(intra i
n
te
r triplet interac
t
ion). C1
T1 rep
r
esents th
e first
core of triplet
1
, C2T1 Core
2 of triplet one and C3
T
3
core 3 of tripl
e
t 3. The DDRA algo
rithm will
be used which is alre
ady d
e
cla
r
ed fo
r TBHIN.
Figure 5. Empirical Graph
5. R
e
lated
Work
Author T
a
n
s
e
l
Ersavas i
n
[
12] define
d
m
e
ch
ani
sm for
comm
uni
cati
ng obj
ect
s
with fuzzy
logic techniq
u
e
FOBM,
usi
ng
con
s
traint
s in
invisi
ble
messag
e
swa
pping
for obj
e
c
t ma
nipulati
on.
Authors Taka
yuki Tachika
w
a and M
a
koto Taki
za
wa
in [4] descri
be a proto
c
ol
based o
n
group
comm
uni
cati
on am
ong
ob
jects. M
e
ssa
ges delive
r
ed
between
obj
ects in
gro
u
p
s
a
r
e
sai
d
int
r
a-
grou
p comm
unication. Authors P.N.G
r
een
and
M.D.
Edwa
rd
s in
[13] descri
b
e re
config
ura
b
le
hard
w
a
r
e o
b
j
e
cts d
e
velop
m
ent model f
o
r appli
c
at
io
n
used in e
m
b
edde
d syste
m
s an
d high l
e
vel
comm
uni
cati
on between
softwa
r
e o
b
j
e
cts a
daptin
g Moo
s
e Ob
ject-Orie
n
ted
system. Authors
David
Ung
e
r
and Sam
S. Admas in [14
]
expre
s
sed
chann
el level
messagi
ng i
n
the catego
rie
s
of
buffered, raw and stre
ami
ng for perfo
rmance me
a
s
urem
ent of TILE64. Authors MA Liwi
e and
SUN Yihe i
n
[15] articul
a
te
d that one o
b
ject can
inv
o
ke oth
e
r o
b
j
e
ct’s m
e
thod,
after re
ceivi
n
g
messag
e it al
so
ca
n trig
ger that metho
d
. Autho
r
Li
ch
eng Xu
e a
nd
Feng
Shi i
n
[16 ] intro
d
u
c
ed
OCCU ha
rd
ware
ba
sed
scheme fo
r m
e
ssage
pa
ssin
g in
CMP
to
co
mmuni
cat
e
bet
wee
n
co
res
in TriBA
ba
se
d on
NO
C b
u
t
our work i
s
different
from
that a
s
it
em
ploys
pu
rely
uppe
r l
angu
a
g
e
level obje
c
ts
oriente
d
me
ssag
e mechan
ism.
6. Conclu
sion
In this p
ape
r
we
sho
w
th
e
intera
ction
be
tween th
e o
b
j
e
cts in T
r
iplet
-
Based
Hie
r
a
r
chi
c
al
Interco
nne
cti
on Net
w
o
r
k.
The result shows t
hat when the o
b
je
ct in one tri
p
let need
s so
me
method
s
whi
c
h
are u
nde
r anoth
e
r core
’s o
b
je
ct gu
ardian
ship
then
ho
w
su
ch
ite
r
ation
could
be
placed verse
s
num
be
r of
host
s
. Thi
s
m
e
thod
coul
d b
e
used for i
m
provem
ent in
the perfo
rma
n
ce
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TELKOM
NIKA
e-ISSN:
2087
-278X
Intra-Inter Tri
p
let Object In
teraction Mechani
sm
in Triple
t-Based ... (Talpur Shahnawaz)
3551
and efficie
n
cy. In the future wo
rk
we
wil
l
work o
n
mo
re level
s
of T
B
HIN a
s
the
numbe
r of co
res
is increa
sin
g
rapidly in CM
P.
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