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IS
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r
n
m
e
nt
a
n
d
e
nha
n
c
e
t
h
e
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
a
n
d
e
ff
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
of
t
h
e
go
ve
r
nm
e
n
t
a
l
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
[11]
.
U
n
de
r
s
t
a
ndi
n
g
t
h
e
p
r
e
di
c
t
o
r
s
of
CC
us
a
ge
s
c
o
ul
d
h
e
l
p
in
s
e
c
uri
n
g
a
s
m
o
o
t
h
s
hi
f
t
f
r
o
m
t
r
a
d
i
t
i
o
n
a
l
E
-
go
v
e
r
nm
e
n
t
to
CB
E
G
.
In
t
hi
s
r
e
ga
r
d
,
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
e
r
s
atte
m
pt
e
d
to
i
n
v
e
s
t
i
ga
t
e
t
h
e
a
de
qua
c
y
a
n
d
s
ui
t
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
of
e
xi
s
t
i
n
g
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
ks
to
pr
o
v
i
de
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
m
a
ke
r
s
w
i
t
h
a
r
o
a
dm
a
p
to
m
ov
e
f
r
o
m
t
ra
di
t
i
o
na
l
to
CB
E
G
.
N
e
ve
r
t
h
e
l
e
s
s
,
t
h
e
pr
e
v
i
o
us
s
t
udi
e
s
l
o
o
ke
d
i
n
t
o
t
h
e
i
s
s
ue
e
i
t
h
e
r
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
i
n
di
v
i
d
ua
l
or
o
r
g
a
n
i
s
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
pe
r
s
pe
c
t
i
v
e
.
G
i
v
e
n
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
t
o
pi
c
is
s
t
i
l
l
n
e
w
,
a
nd
i
n
s
i
g
ht
s
t
o
w
a
r
d
t
h
e
e
ff
e
c
t
i
v
e
i
m
pl
e
m
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
of
CB
E
G
a
r
e
s
c
a
r
c
e
,
a
c
o
m
pr
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k,
s
uc
h
as
t
h
e
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
gi
c
a
l
-
o
r
ga
ni
s
a
t
i
o
na
l
-
e
n
v
i
ro
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
(T
O
E
)
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k,
t
h
a
t
c
o
n
s
i
de
r
s
t
h
e
m
ul
t
i
p
l
e
pe
r
s
pe
c
t
i
v
e
s
of
us
i
n
g
a
n
e
w
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
is
n
e
e
de
d.
H
ow
e
ve
r
,
f
e
w
pr
e
v
i
o
us
s
t
udi
e
s
a
t
t
e
m
pt
e
d
to
us
e
t
h
i
s
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
to
u
n
de
r
s
t
a
nd
t
h
e
s
h
i
f
t
t
o
w
a
r
d
CB
E
G
.
T
h
i
s
s
t
udy
aims
to
l
o
o
k
i
nt
o
t
h
e
i
s
s
ue
of
C
B
E
G
a
n
d
t
h
e
c
o
nt
r
i
b
ut
i
ng
p
r
e
di
c
t
o
r
s
t
ha
t
f
a
c
i
l
i
t
a
t
e
s
uc
h
m
o
ve
by
us
i
n
g
t
h
e
pa
r
t
i
a
l
l
e
a
s
t
s
qu
a
r
e
a
l
go
r
i
t
h
m
.
T
h
e
r
e
s
t
of
t
h
i
s
w
o
r
k
di
s
c
us
s
e
s
t
h
e
l
i
t
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
r
e
v
i
e
w
,
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
m
e
t
h
o
do
l
o
g
y
,
f
i
n
di
ngs
of
P
L
S
a
l
go
ri
t
hm
,
d
i
s
c
us
s
i
o
n
a
n
d
c
o
n
c
l
us
i
o
n
.
2.
LI
TE
R
A
TU
R
E
R
EV
I
EW
2.
1
.
E
-
go
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
in
I
r
aq
E
xpl
a
i
ni
n
g
t
he
UN
r
e
po
r
t
e
d
t
ha
t
c
o
un
t
ri
e
s
a
r
e
m
a
ki
n
g
p
r
o
gr
e
s
s
in
de
ve
l
o
pi
n
g
t
h
e
E
-
go
v
e
r
nm
e
n
t
pr
o
j
e
c
t
s
.
H
ow
e
v
e
r
,
t
hi
s
p
r
o
gr
e
s
s
v
a
r
i
e
d
a
m
o
n
g
c
o
un
t
ri
e
s
.
S
o
m
e
c
o
un
t
r
i
e
s
l
o
o
k
i
n
t
o
t
h
e
s
m
a
rt
go
v
e
r
nm
e
n
t
a
n
d
CB
E
G
,
w
h
i
l
e
o
t
h
e
r
s
a
r
e
s
t
i
l
l
s
t
r
ugg
l
i
n
g
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
o
nl
i
n
e
p
r
e
s
e
n
c
e
.
In
t
h
e
c
a
s
e
of
Ir
a
q
,
t
h
e
p
r
o
j
e
c
t
w
a
s
l
a
un
c
h
e
d
in
c
o
l
l
a
b
o
r
a
t
i
o
n
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
It
a
l
i
a
n
go
v
e
r
nm
e
nt
in
2004
.
H
ow
e
ve
r
,
o
nl
y
a
s
m
a
l
l
p
r
o
g
r
e
s
s
w
a
s
a
c
h
i
e
v
e
d
s
i
n
c
e
2004
[12]
-
[13]
.
T
h
e
E
-
go
v
e
r
nm
e
n
t
in
I
ra
q
ha
s
o
nl
i
n
e
p
r
e
s
e
n
c
e
,
b
ut
it
do
e
s
n
o
t
p
r
o
v
i
de
a
n
y
i
n
t
e
r
a
c
t
i
v
e
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
,
s
uc
h
as
t
h
e
t
w
o
-
w
a
y
c
o
m
m
uni
c
a
t
i
o
n
or
t
h
e
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
to
ob
t
a
i
n
l
e
ga
l
do
c
um
e
n
t
.
Ira
q
is
b
e
h
i
n
d
m
o
s
t
r
e
gi
o
n
a
l
c
o
unt
r
i
e
s
in
t
h
e
de
v
e
l
o
pm
e
n
t
of
E
-
go
v
e
r
nm
e
nt
p
r
o
j
e
c
t
[10]
.
Ira
q
is
f
a
r
b
e
h
i
n
d
a
l
l
c
o
unt
r
i
e
s
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
de
v
e
l
o
pm
e
n
t
of
E
-
go
v
e
r
nm
e
nt
i
nde
x
is
t
h
e
l
o
w
e
s
t
a
m
o
n
g
all
r
e
gi
o
n
a
l
c
o
un
t
ri
e
s
.
T
h
e
s
l
o
w
de
v
e
l
o
pm
e
n
t
c
o
ul
d
be
a
t
t
r
i
b
u
t
e
d
to
s
e
v
e
r
a
l
f
a
c
t
o
r
s
,
i
n
c
l
ud
i
n
g
o
rga
ni
s
a
t
i
o
na
l
,
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
gi
c
a
l
a
n
d
e
n
v
i
r
o
nm
e
nt
a
l
f
a
c
t
o
r
s
[
13]
-
[14
]
.
T
h
e
E
-
go
ve
r
nm
e
n
t
h
u
m
a
n
c
a
pi
t
a
l
is
c
ri
t
i
c
a
l
for
t
h
e
de
ve
l
o
pm
e
n
t
of
E
-
go
ve
r
nm
e
n
t
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
o
r
ga
ni
s
a
t
i
o
na
l
pe
r
s
pe
c
t
i
v
e
.
F
r
o
m
t
h
e
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
gi
c
a
l
pe
r
s
pe
c
t
i
v
e
,
t
h
e
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
uc
t
u
r
e
a
nd
pe
r
c
e
pt
i
o
n
a
b
o
ut
s
e
c
ur
i
t
y
,
p
r
i
v
a
c
y
a
nd
t
h
e
i
n
t
e
rn
e
t
c
o
nn
e
c
t
i
o
n
c
o
ul
d
pl
a
y
i
m
po
rt
a
nt
r
o
l
e
s
in
de
ve
l
o
pi
n
g
t
h
e
E
-
go
v
e
rn
m
e
n
t
.
F
r
o
m
t
h
e
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
pe
rs
pe
c
t
i
v
e
,
t
h
e
l
e
gi
s
l
a
t
i
o
n
of
g
o
ve
r
nm
e
n
t
a
nd
t
h
e
pr
e
s
s
u
r
e
of
c
i
t
i
z
e
n
s
a
nd
e
m
pl
o
y
e
e
s
a
r
e
a
l
s
o
de
t
e
r
m
i
n
i
ng
p
r
e
d
i
c
t
o
r
s
of
t
h
e
de
v
e
l
o
pm
e
n
t
of
E
-
go
ve
rn
m
e
n
t
[12]
,
[15]
.
N
e
v
e
r
t
h
e
l
e
s
s
,
s
e
v
e
r
a
l
s
t
u
di
e
s
e
xa
m
i
n
ed
t
h
e
E
-
go
v
e
r
nm
e
nt
p
r
o
j
e
c
t
s
a
n
d
s
ugge
s
t
e
d
t
ha
t
m
o
v
i
n
g
to
CC
w
i
l
l
r
e
s
o
l
ve
s
e
v
e
r
a
l
i
s
s
ue
s
,
s
uc
h
as
t
h
e
qua
l
i
t
y
of
t
h
e
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
,
a
nd
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
l
e
m
of
i
n
f
ra
s
t
r
uc
t
u
r
e
,
s
e
c
uri
t
y
a
n
d
pri
v
a
c
y
.
2.
2
.
C
BEG
T
h
e
us
e
of
a
dv
a
n
c
e
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
g
y
c
a
n
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
e
t
h
e
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
a
n
d
pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
of
e
n
t
i
t
i
e
s
,
s
uc
h
as
o
r
ga
ni
s
a
t
i
o
n
s
a
n
d
go
v
e
rn
m
e
n
t
s
[
16]
.
T
h
e
c
l
o
ud
-
b
a
s
e
d
E
-
g
ov
e
r
nm
e
nt
ha
s
b
e
e
n
s
ugge
s
t
e
d
as
a
s
o
l
ut
i
o
n
to
s
pe
e
d
t
h
e
p
r
o
g
r
e
s
s
of
t
h
e
de
v
e
l
o
pm
e
n
t
of
E
-
go
v
e
r
n
m
e
nt
.
H
ow
e
ve
r
,
m
o
s
t
s
t
ud
i
e
s
a
r
e
e
i
t
h
e
r
c
o
n
c
e
pt
ua
l
or
a
l
i
t
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
r
e
v
i
e
w
.
F
o
r
e
xa
m
p
l
e
,
t
h
e
us
a
ge
of
CB
E
G
w
a
s
r
e
v
i
e
w
e
d
in
t
h
e
s
t
udy
of
[17]
,
w
h
o
e
xa
m
i
n
e
d
t
h
e
b
e
n
e
f
i
t
a
n
d
c
h
a
l
l
e
n
ge
s
of
m
o
v
i
n
g
to
CB
E
G
.
P
a
l
i
w
a
l
a
nd
K
e
s
w
a
n
[18
]
r
e
po
r
t
e
d
t
ha
t
t
h
e
b
e
n
e
f
i
t
s
a
n
d
c
h
a
l
l
e
n
ge
s
w
e
r
e
r
e
v
i
e
w
e
d.
T
h
e
t
r
us
t
a
nd
s
e
c
ur
i
t
y
of
t
h
e
C
B
E
G
w
e
r
e
r
e
v
i
e
w
e
d
in
t
h
e
s
t
udy
of
[19]
,
a
n
d
a
m
o
de
l
of
t
r
us
t
s
e
c
uri
t
y
w
a
s
pr
o
po
s
e
d.
T
h
e
f
i
n
di
ngs
in
t
h
e
s
t
udy
of
[20]
i
n
d
i
c
a
t
e
d
t
ha
t
i
n
f
ra
s
t
r
uc
t
u
r
e
,
a
v
a
i
l
a
b
i
l
ity
a
n
d
t
r
us
t
a
r
e
c
r
i
t
i
c
a
l
for
t
h
e
us
e
of
CB
E
G
.
M
oha
m
m
e
d
et
a
l
.
[21]
r
e
v
i
e
w
e
d
t
h
e
l
i
t
e
ra
t
u
r
e
a
nd
po
i
n
t
e
d
o
ut
t
h
e
l
a
c
k
of
t
h
e
s
t
udi
e
s
on
CB
E
G
.
T
h
e
v
a
l
i
di
t
y
of
t
h
e
que
s
t
i
o
nn
a
i
r
e
of
CB
E
G
w
a
s
t
e
s
t
e
d
in
t
h
e
s
t
udy
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[2
7]
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do
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CC
by
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,
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9]
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a
l
a
n
d
t
e
c
hn
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gi
c
a
l
c
ha
r
a
c
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e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
a
f
fe
c
t
t
h
e
us
a
ge
of
C
B
E
G
.
In
I
ra
q,
[11]
e
xa
m
i
n
e
d
t
h
e
us
a
ge
of
CB
E
G
a
n
d
p
r
o
po
s
e
d
a
c
o
n
c
e
pt
ua
l
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
for
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
m
a
ke
r
s
t
ha
t
i
n
c
l
ude
s
t
h
e
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
gi
c
a
l
,
e
n
v
i
r
o
nm
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nt
a
l
a
n
d
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r
g
a
n
i
s
a
t
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o
n
a
l
c
o
n
t
e
xt
s
a
n
d
e
a
s
e
of
us
e
a
n
d
l
e
ga
l
i
s
s
ue
.
In
t
h
i
s
s
t
udy
,
t
h
e
T
O
E
is
e
xa
m
i
n
e
d,
a
nd
it
i
n
c
l
ude
s
t
h
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t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
gi
c
a
l
,
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n
v
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r
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n
m
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nt
a
l
a
n
d
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a
n
i
s
a
t
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n
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l
pe
r
s
pe
c
t
i
v
e
s
.
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h
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t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
gi
c
a
l
pe
r
s
p
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c
t
i
v
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n
c
l
ude
s
t
h
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r
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l
a
t
i
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e
a
dv
a
n
t
a
ge
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e
a
s
e
of
us
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,
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o
m
pa
t
i
b
i
l
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t
y
a
n
d
r
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l
i
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
.
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h
e
o
r
ga
ni
s
a
t
i
o
na
l
pe
r
s
pe
c
t
i
v
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i
n
c
l
ude
s
t
h
e
c
o
s
t
,
t
o
p
m
a
n
a
ge
m
e
nt
s
uppo
rt
a
n
d
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
gi
c
a
l
r
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a
d
i
n
e
s
s
.
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h
e
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
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n
t
a
l
pe
r
s
pe
c
t
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v
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n
c
l
ude
s
t
h
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t
r
us
t
,
s
e
c
u
r
i
t
y
a
n
d
a
v
a
i
l
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
.
3.
R
ES
EA
R
C
H
M
ET
H
O
D
O
L
O
G
Y
T
h
i
s
s
t
udy
a
i
m
s
t
o
un
de
r
s
t
a
n
d
t
h
e
c
ri
t
i
c
a
l
s
t
e
ps
t
h
a
t
l
e
a
d
t
o
s
m
oo
t
h
a
n
d
v
i
a
b
l
e
s
h
i
f
t
i
ng
t
o
w
a
r
d
t
h
e
CB
E
G
.
T
h
e
po
pul
a
t
i
o
n
of
t
hi
s
s
t
u
dy
m
us
t
be
c
a
r
e
f
ul
l
y
s
e
l
e
c
t
e
d
to
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
t
l
y
un
de
r
s
t
a
n
d
t
h
i
s
p
h
e
n
o
m
e
n
o
n.
T
h
e
a
c
a
de
m
i
c
s
t
a
f
f
in
t
h
e
IT
de
pa
rt
m
e
nt
in
t
h
e
I
r
a
qi
u
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
i
e
s
a
r
e
s
e
l
e
c
t
e
d
as
t
h
e
po
pul
a
t
i
o
n
of
t
h
i
s
s
t
udy
.
T
h
e
s
a
m
p
l
e
of
t
h
i
s
s
t
u
dy
c
o
n
s
i
s
t
s
of
a
l
m
o
s
t
35,
000
a
c
a
de
m
i
c
s
t
a
f
f
.
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ow
e
ve
r
,
o
ut
of
t
h
e
35,
000
-
a
c
a
de
m
i
c
s
t
a
f
f
,
6500
of
t
h
e
m
a
r
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f
r
o
m
t
h
e
IT
de
pa
r
t
m
e
n
t
.
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c
h
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o
s
i
ng
t
h
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s
a
m
p
l
i
n
g
b
a
s
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d
on
[30
]
,
t
h
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s
a
m
p
l
e
s
i
z
e
is
363.
A
que
s
t
i
o
nna
i
r
e
w
a
s
de
v
e
l
o
p
e
d
on
t
h
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b
a
s
i
s
of
t
h
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p
r
e
v
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o
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s
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t
udi
e
s
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
T
O
E
f
r
a
m
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w
o
r
k
w
a
s
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n
c
o
r
po
r
a
t
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d
to
u
n
de
r
s
t
a
n
d
t
h
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p
r
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di
c
t
o
r
s
.
T
h
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m
e
a
s
u
r
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m
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n
t
s
of
t
h
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que
s
t
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nna
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r
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r
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m
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a
r
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r
s
[31]
-
[35]
.
A
t
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a
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of
363
que
s
t
i
o
nn
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i
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to
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de
m
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in
a
l
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t
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t
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s
of
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q.
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m
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r
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t
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in
B
a
g
hda
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,
w
hi
c
h
is
t
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c
a
p
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of
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c
a
us
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m
o
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14
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68
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c
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f
a
r
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w
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r
ki
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B
a
g
hda
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w
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c
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3000
a
r
e
IT
a
c
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de
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t
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f
.
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c
c
o
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di
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219
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.
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m
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l
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all
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as
‘
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xpl
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d
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s
s
of
t
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r
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.
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m
p
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c
r
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C
B
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a
b
l
e
4
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
w
e
i
gh
t
for
t
h
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c
ri
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f
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a
l
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i
s
(E
F
A
)
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s
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.
Cri
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2
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4
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5
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DISCUSSIO
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a
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.
T
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d
us
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g
t
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q
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of
S
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a
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P
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S
.
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f
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n
a
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s
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n
t
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c
r
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t
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ri
a
for
t
h
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us
a
ge
of
CB
E
G
in
I
r
a
q
a
r
e
t
h
e
r
e
l
i
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
of
t
h
e
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
,
a
v
a
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l
a
b
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l
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t
y
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s
e
c
ur
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t
y
,
t
r
us
t
,
a
n
d
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
gi
c
a
l
c
o
m
pe
t
e
n
c
e
.
T
h
e
a
b
o
ve
-
m
e
n
t
i
o
n
e
d
f
i
n
d
i
n
gs
r
e
ga
r
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
c
r
i
t
e
ri
a
a
r
e
in
l
i
n
e
w
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t
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t
h
o
s
e
of
pr
e
v
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us
s
t
udi
e
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t
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t
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a
v
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nv
e
s
t
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ga
t
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d
t
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us
a
ge
s
of
CB
E
G
.
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h
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s
t
udy
a
l
s
o
fo
un
d
t
ha
t
t
h
e
p
r
e
di
c
t
o
r
s
can
be
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v
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de
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nt
o
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t
r
uc
t
s
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go
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s
.
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r
e
v
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s
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ha
t
r
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l
i
a
b
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l
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y
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d
t
r
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t
a
r
e
i
m
po
r
t
a
n
t
p
r
e
di
c
t
o
rs
of
t
h
e
us
a
ge
of
C
B
E
G
[20]
,
[
26]
.
O
t
h
e
r
s
t
u
di
e
s
r
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f
e
r
to
t
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m
po
rt
a
n
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e
of
s
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c
ur
i
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y
in
t
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us
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ge
of
t
h
e
CBE
G
[24]
.
In
l
i
n
e
w
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t
h
t
h
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T
O
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f
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w
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[23]
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
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4752
In
do
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0
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fo
un
d
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a
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t
p
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c
t
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c
a
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v
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de
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n
t
o
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go
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i
e
s
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e
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c
a
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o
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pe
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c
r
i
t
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c
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fo
r
t
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de
pl
oy
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of
CB
E
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h
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s
t
a
f
f
m
us
t
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h
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g
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l
y
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l
i
f
i
e
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a
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p
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p
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r
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to
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t
h
e
CB
E
G
.
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h
e
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
t
h
a
t
a
r
e
off
e
r
e
d
by
t
h
e
CB
E
G
m
us
t
be
r
e
l
i
a
b
l
e
a
n
d
o
ff
i
c
i
a
l
l
y
a
ut
h
o
ri
z
e
d
by
t
h
e
go
ve
r
nm
e
n
t
to
e
n
s
u
r
e
t
ha
t
c
i
t
i
z
e
n
s
c
a
n
c
o
n
duc
t
t
h
e
i
r
b
us
i
n
e
s
s
by
us
i
n
g
o
n
l
y
t
h
e
CB
E
G
.
T
h
e
f
i
na
l
o
ut
c
o
m
e
s
h
o
w
e
d
t
ha
t
c
o
m
pa
t
i
b
i
l
i
t
y
a
n
d
c
o
s
t
w
e
r
e
n
o
t
s
i
g
n
i
f
i
c
a
n
t
c
ri
t
e
ri
a
for
t
h
e
CB
E
G
.
T
hi
s
c
o
ul
d
be
due
to
t
h
e
n
o
t
i
o
n
t
ha
t
CB
E
G
p
r
o
v
i
de
s
i
n
f
ra
s
t
r
uc
t
u
r
e
,
s
o
f
t
w
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r
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a
n
d
ha
rdw
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r
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m
a
nd
b
a
s
i
s
.
T
hi
s
m
a
ke
s
t
h
e
c
o
s
t
a
n
d
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o
m
pa
t
i
b
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l
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t
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i
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c
o
m
pa
r
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d
to
o
t
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r
c
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i
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a
[22]
,
[37
]
.
T
r
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is
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i
c
a
l
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n
d
h
a
s
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r
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de
s
[38]
.
F
i
r
s
t
,
t
h
e
o
pe
ra
t
o
r
s
of
CB
E
G
m
us
t
t
r
us
t
t
h
e
c
l
o
ud
pr
o
v
i
de
r
.
T
h
e
c
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t
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z
e
n
s
or
us
e
r
s
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CB
E
G
m
us
t
t
r
us
t
t
h
e
go
ve
rn
m
e
nt
a
n
d
t
h
e
I
n
t
e
rn
e
t
.
T
h
e
a
v
a
i
l
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
of
t
h
e
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
a
n
d
t
h
e
i
r
a
c
c
e
s
s
i
b
i
l
i
t
y
a
n
y
w
h
e
r
e
at
a
n
y
time
a
r
e
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
e
s
s
e
n
t
i
a
l
c
r
i
t
e
ri
a
[
39]
-
[40
]
.
In
a
l
l
t
h
e
s
e
c
r
i
t
e
ri
a
,
t
h
e
s
e
c
ur
i
t
y
of
t
h
e
t
r
a
n
s
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
is
a
h
i
g
hl
y
c
r
i
t
i
c
a
l
c
ri
t
e
r
i
o
n
for
t
h
e
u
t
i
l
i
s
a
t
i
o
n
of
CB
E
G
[41]
,
[1
9]
.
6.
I
M
P
LI
C
A
TI
O
N
T
h
e
t
h
e
o
r
e
t
i
c
a
l
a
nd
p
ra
c
t
i
c
a
l
c
o
n
t
ri
b
ut
i
o
n
s
w
e
r
e
de
ri
v
e
d
f
r
om
t
hi
s
s
t
udy
.
F
i
r
s
t
,
t
h
e
s
t
u
dy
e
nr
i
c
h
e
s
t
h
e
l
i
t
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
of
C
B
E
G
be
c
a
us
e
t
h
e
s
t
udi
e
s
t
ha
t
ha
v
e
be
e
n
c
o
n
d
uc
t
e
d
a
r
e
l
i
m
i
t
e
d
to
r
e
v
i
e
w
a
n
d
c
o
n
c
e
pt
ua
l
w
o
r
k.
T
h
e
s
t
udy
e
xa
m
i
n
e
d
t
h
e
CB
E
G
in
de
v
e
l
o
pi
n
g
c
o
un
t
r
i
e
s
,
s
uc
h
as
Ira
q
;
t
h
us
,
it
ha
s
c
o
n
t
r
i
b
ut
e
d
to
t
h
i
s
r
e
ga
r
d
.
T
h
e
s
t
udy
a
l
s
o
c
o
n
t
r
i
b
ut
e
d
to
t
h
e
l
i
t
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
as
r
e
ga
r
ds
us
i
n
g
t
h
e
T
O
E
as
a
t
h
e
o
r
e
t
i
c
a
l
f
ra
m
e
w
o
r
k
to
u
nde
r
s
t
a
n
d
t
h
e
us
a
ge
of
CB
E
G
.
F
e
w
s
t
udi
e
s
ha
v
e
c
a
rri
e
d
o
ut
s
uc
h
i
ni
t
i
a
t
i
v
e
a
nd
u
t
i
l
i
z
e
d
t
h
e
T
O
E
.
T
h
e
s
t
udy
fo
un
d
t
ha
t
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
o
n
c
r
i
t
i
c
a
l
c
r
i
t
e
ri
o
n
for
t
h
e
CB
E
G
fo
r
pra
c
t
i
c
a
l
i
m
pl
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
is
t
h
e
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
gi
c
a
l
c
o
m
pe
t
e
n
c
e
.
E
m
pl
o
y
e
e
s
at
t
h
e
pub
l
i
c
o
r
g
a
ni
s
a
t
i
o
n
ha
v
e
to
be
kn
o
w
l
e
dg
e
a
b
l
e
a
bo
ut
t
h
e
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
of
CC
a
n
d
t
h
e
us
e
t
h
e
c
l
o
ud
in
E
-
go
ve
rn
m
e
n
t
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
.
A
c
c
o
r
di
n
g
l
y
,
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
m
a
ke
r
s
a
r
e
a
dv
i
s
e
d
to
c
o
n
duc
t
w
o
r
ks
h
o
ps
a
n
d
c
o
ur
s
e
s
to
e
nha
n
c
e
t
h
e
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
gi
c
a
l
c
o
m
pe
t
e
n
c
e
of
e
m
pl
oy
e
e
.
T
ra
i
ni
n
g
is
a
l
s
o
a
us
e
f
ul
t
o
o
l
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
gi
c
a
l
c
o
m
pe
t
e
n
c
e
.
T
h
e
r
e
l
i
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
a
n
d
e
xe
c
ut
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
of
t
h
e
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
a
r
e
i
m
po
r
t
a
nt
c
r
i
t
e
ri
a
for
t
h
e
us
e
of
CB
E
G
.
D
e
c
i
s
i
o
n
m
a
ke
r
s
a
r
e
a
dv
i
s
e
d
to
m
i
ni
m
i
z
e
t
h
e
e
rr
o
r
a
n
d
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
e
t
h
e
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
of
t
h
e
CG
E
G
to
p
r
o
v
i
de
r
e
l
i
a
b
l
e
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
.
F
r
o
m
t
h
e
o
r
ga
ni
s
a
t
i
o
na
l
or
go
v
e
r
nm
e
n
t
a
l
pe
r
s
pe
c
t
i
v
e
,
t
h
e
c
o
m
pa
t
i
b
i
l
i
t
y
a
n
d
c
o
s
t
of
CB
E
G
a
r
e
i
m
po
rt
a
nt
c
r
i
t
e
ri
a
.
H
ow
e
ve
r
,
t
h
e
e
a
s
i
n
e
s
s
of
c
o
n
duc
t
i
n
g
t
r
a
n
s
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
by
us
i
n
g
t
h
e
CB
E
G
is
a
l
s
o
i
m
po
r
t
a
n
t
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
us
e
r
s
’
pe
r
s
pe
c
t
i
v
e
s
.
A
c
r
i
t
i
c
a
l
c
r
i
t
e
ri
o
n
is
t
h
e
t
r
us
t
in
t
h
e
CB
E
G
.
T
h
i
s
t
rus
t
h
a
s
t
w
o
pa
r
t
s
:
t
r
us
t
of
t
h
e
e
m
pl
o
y
e
e
s
in
r
u
nni
n
g
t
h
e
CB
E
G
a
n
d
t
r
us
t
of
us
e
r
s
on
t
h
e
I
n
t
e
rn
e
t
a
nd
in
t
h
e
go
v
e
r
nm
e
nt
to
ke
e
p
t
h
e
i
r
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
s
a
f
e
a
nd
pr
o
t
e
c
t
e
d
f
r
o
m
i
nt
r
ude
r
s
or
a
c
c
e
s
s
by
t
h
i
rd
pa
rt
y
.
T
h
e
a
v
a
i
l
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
of
t
h
e
c
l
o
ud
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
a
n
d
t
h
e
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
to
a
c
c
e
s
s
t
h
e
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
a
n
y
w
h
e
r
e
at
a
n
y
time
a
r
e
i
m
po
rt
a
nt
for
u
s
e
r
s
.
T
h
us
,
t
h
e
i
n
f
r
a
s
t
ruc
t
u
r
e
in
t
h
e
c
o
un
t
r
y
m
us
t
be
i
m
pr
o
v
e
d
in
t
e
r
m
s
of
t
h
e
i
n
t
e
rn
e
t
c
o
nn
e
c
t
i
o
n
,
a
c
c
e
s
s
a
n
d
i
n
t
e
rn
e
t
s
pe
e
d
to
a
l
l
o
w
w
i
de
a
v
a
i
l
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
of
t
h
e
CB
E
G
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
.
T
h
e
l
a
s
t
c
ri
t
e
r
i
o
n
is
t
h
e
s
e
c
ur
i
t
y
of
t
h
e
CB
E
G
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
.
D
e
c
i
s
i
o
n
m
a
ke
r
s
ha
v
e
to
e
n
s
ur
e
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
da
t
a
a
r
e
s
a
f
e
a
n
d
a
w
a
y
f
r
o
m
c
r
i
m
i
na
l
s
a
nd
p
r
e
da
t
o
r
s
.
S
t
r
o
n
g
m
e
a
s
u
r
e
s
ha
v
e
to
be
a
ppl
i
e
d
to
s
e
c
ur
e
t
h
e
CB
E
G
a
n
d
m
a
ke
it
s
a
f
e
for
do
i
n
g
t
ra
n
s
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
by
us
e
r
s
.
7.
C
O
N
C
LU
S
I
O
N
T
h
i
s
s
t
u
dy
w
a
s
c
o
n
duc
t
e
d
to
e
xa
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
p
r
e
di
c
t
o
r
s
of
CB
E
G
.
T
h
e
s
t
udy
de
pl
oy
e
d
a
po
pul
a
t
i
o
n
of
a
c
a
de
m
i
c
s
t
a
f
f
in
I
r
a
q
i
IT
de
pa
r
t
m
e
n
t
s
.
T
h
e
s
t
udy
c
o
l
l
e
c
t
e
d
da
t
a
f
r
o
m
279
r
e
s
po
nde
nt
s
.
A
c
c
o
r
di
n
g
l
y
,
t
h
e
f
i
n
di
ngs
a
r
e
l
i
m
i
t
e
d
to
t
h
e
pe
r
c
e
pt
i
o
n
of
t
h
e
a
c
a
de
m
i
c
s
t
a
f
f
.
T
h
e
s
t
udy
a
l
s
o
de
pl
oy
e
d
t
h
e
T
O
E
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
a
nd
e
xa
m
i
n
e
d
t
h
e
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
gi
c
a
l
,
o
rga
ni
s
a
t
i
o
na
l
,
a
n
d
e
n
v
i
r
o
nm
e
nt
a
l
pe
r
s
pe
c
t
i
v
e
s
.
F
urt
h
e
r
r
e
f
i
n
e
m
e
n
t
of
t
h
e
c
r
i
t
e
ri
a
in
T
O
E
f
ra
m
e
w
o
r
k
w
a
s
c
o
n
duc
t
e
d
to
c
o
m
e
up
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
c
r
i
t
i
c
a
l
p
r
e
di
c
t
o
r
s
of
C
B
E
G
.
T
h
i
s
h
a
s
r
e
s
ul
t
e
d
in
r
e
l
i
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
of
t
h
e
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
fo
l
l
ow
e
d
by
a
v
a
i
l
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
,
s
e
c
ur
i
t
y
,
t
r
us
t
,
a
n
d
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
gi
c
a
l
c
o
m
pe
t
e
n
c
e
as
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
i
m
po
rt
a
nt
c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
for
CB
E
G
.
F
ut
u
r
e
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
s
h
o
ul
d
e
xa
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
pra
c
t
i
c
e
s
of
C
B
E
G
in
d
i
f
fe
r
e
nt
c
o
un
t
r
i
e
s
a
n
d
po
pul
a
t
i
o
n
s
.
R
e
gi
o
n
a
l
c
o
unt
r
i
e
s
m
us
t
be
s
t
udi
e
d
b
e
c
a
us
e
t
h
e
p
r
o
g
r
e
s
s
of
E
-
go
ve
rn
m
e
n
t
is
a
l
s
o
s
l
ow
e
r
c
o
m
pa
r
e
d
w
i
t
h
t
h
o
s
e
of
t
h
e
de
ve
l
o
pe
d
w
o
r
l
d.
T
h
e
i
n
s
i
g
h
t
s
of
o
t
h
e
r
s
t
a
ke
h
o
l
de
r
s
,
s
uc
h
as
IT
pr
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
,
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
m
a
ke
r
s
a
nd
us
e
r
s
of
t
h
e
CB
E
G
,
s
h
o
ul
d
a
l
s
o
be
c
o
n
s
i
de
r
e
d.
S
e
v
e
r
a
l
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
ks
c
a
n
be
us
e
d
in
f
ut
u
r
e
s
t
udi
e
s
.
T
h
e
IT
s
uc
c
e
s
s
m
o
d
e
l
,
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
gi
c
a
l
a
c
c
e
pt
a
n
c
e
m
o
de
l
a
n
d
s
o
c
i
a
l
e
xc
ha
n
ge
t
h
e
o
r
y
c
a
n
be
us
e
d
in
e
xpl
a
i
ni
n
g
t
h
e
v
a
r
i
a
t
i
o
n
of
us
i
n
g
CB
E
G
.
T
hus
,
f
ut
u
r
e
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
is
r
e
c
o
m
m
e
n
de
d
to
de
pl
oy
t
h
e
s
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C
s
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U
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l
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1,
pp
.
213
-
243
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2020
,
do
i
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24
78
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20
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0009
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2]
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K
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5]
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R.
J
o
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I
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s
t
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n
abi
l
i
t
y
,
v
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l
.
1
0,
no
.
6,
p.
1
882
,
2018
,
do
i
:
10.
3
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.
[
6]
R.
K
um
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r
,
A.
S
a
c
ha
n,
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nd
A.
M
ukh
e
r
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e
,
“
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l
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.
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-
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17
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i
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0
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0
23
.
[
7]
Y.
L
i
a
ng
,
G.
Q
i
,
K.
W
e
i
,
a
nd
J.
C
h
e
n
,
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E
xpl
o
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m
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nf
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002
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[
8]
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P
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C
ha
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dha
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s
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o
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put
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n
t
.
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E
ng
.
M
ana
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R
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s
.
,
v
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l
.
7,
no
.
1,
pp
.
316
-
321
,
201
7
.
[
9]
U.
A
nw
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r
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U
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a
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ngi
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T
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C
o
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.
1
-
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2019
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do
i
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110
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.
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[
10]
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ni
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nm
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S
ur
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8
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18
.
[
11]
B.
S.
S
huk
ur
,
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K.
A.
G
h
a
ni
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nd
M.
A.
B
ur
ha
n
udd
i
n
,
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n
a
na
l
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s
of
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l
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o
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put
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ov
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nm
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n
t
.
J.
A
dv
.
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om
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ut
.
S
c
i
.
A
ppl
.
,
v
o
l
.
9,
no
.
8,
pp
.
104
-
112
,
2018
,
do
i
:
10.
1
4569
/
I
J
A
C
S
A
.
2018.
0
9081
4
.
[
12]
H.
S.
H
a
s
h
i
m
a
nd
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B
i
n
H
a
s
s
a
n
,
“
F
a
c
t
o
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s
t
ha
t
i
nf
l
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nc
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t
he
u
s
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s
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a
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o
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l
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put
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as
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l
.
S
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.
,
v
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l
.
9,
no
.
27
,
pp
.
379
-
390
,
201
5.
[
13]
H.
S.
H
a
s
h
i
m
,
Z.
B
i
n
H
a
s
s
a
n,
a
nd
A.
S.
H
a
s
h
i
m
,
“
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a
c
t
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s
i
n
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l
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h
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i
o
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put
i
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:
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c
om
pr
e
he
n
s
i
v
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e
v
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w
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I
n
t
.
J.
E
duc
.
R
e
s
.
,
v
o
l
.
3,
no
.
7,
pp
.
296
-
30
6,
201
5.
[
14]
Z.
A.
Al
-
S
ul
a
m
i
a
nd
H.
S.
H
a
s
h
i
m
,
“
R
e
v
i
e
w
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K
e
y
P
e
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f
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m
a
nc
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I
ndi
c
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to
E
v
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P
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f
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m
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nc
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of
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h
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A
c
a
de
m
i
c
i
a
ns
,
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J.
B
as
r
ah
R
e
s
.
,
v
o
l
.
46
,
no
.
1,
2
020.
[
15]
A.
D.
N
o
o
r
,
H.
S.
H
a
s
h
i
m
,
a
nd
N.
A
l
i
,
“
F
a
c
t
o
r
s
i
nf
l
u
e
nc
i
ng
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o
w
l
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dg
e
s
ha
r
i
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in
o
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g
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ni
z
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t
i
o
ns
:
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l
i
t
e
r
a
t
ur
e
r
e
v
i
e
w
,
”
I
n
t
.
J.
Sc
i
.
R
e
s
.
,
v
o
l
.
3,
no
.
9,
p
p.
13
14
-
1319
,
201
4.
[
16]
S.
A
l
a
a
r
a
j
,
“
K
no
w
l
e
dg
e
M
a
na
g
e
m
e
n
t
C
a
pa
bi
l
i
t
i
e
s
,
T
r
us
t
,
a
nd
P
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
nc
e
of
M
a
nuf
a
c
t
ur
i
ng
C
o
m
pa
ni
e
s
in
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m
e
r
g
i
ng
E
c
o
no
m
i
e
s
,
”
in
P
r
oc
e
e
di
ng
s
of
17
7
th
T
he
I
I
E
R
I
nt
e
r
n
at
i
onal
C
on
f
e
r
e
nc
e
,
pp
.
1
-
9
,
2018
.
[
17]
T.
A
l
m
a
r
a
b
e
h
,
Y.
K.
M
a
j
d
a
l
a
w
i
,
a
n
d
H.
M
o
ha
m
m
a
d,
“
C
l
o
ud
C
o
m
put
i
ng
of
E
-
G
ov
e
r
nm
e
nt
,
”
C
om
m
un
.
N
e
t
w
.
,
v
o
l
.
8,
no
.
8,
pp
.
1
-
8,
20
16
,
do
i
:
10.
423
6/
c
n.
2016
.
81
001
.
[
18]
N.
P
a
l
i
w
a
l
a
nd
B.
K
e
s
w
a
ni
,
“
C
l
o
ud
C
o
m
put
i
ng
A
d
o
pt
i
o
n
in
t
he
E
-
G
ov
e
r
nm
e
nt
P
e
r
s
p
e
c
t
i
v
e
:
A
R
e
v
i
e
w
,
”
T
at
hap
i
UGC
C
ar
e
J.
,
v
o
l
.
19
,
no
.
2,
202
0.
[
19]
B.
Al
-
S
ha
r
g
a
bi
,
S.
Al
-
J
a
w
a
r
ne
h
,
a
nd
S.
M.
A.
H
a
y
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145
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[
21]
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.
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,
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[
22]
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M
o
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,
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I
br
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m
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a
nd
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I
t
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“
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a
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s
.
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n
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,
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23]
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ng
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e
i
,
a
nd
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h
e
n
,
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o
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m
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ov
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n
f
.
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0
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[
24]
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o
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m
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d
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i
n
I
br
a
hi
m
,
“
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s
I
m
pl
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m
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a
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i
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n,
”
I
n
t
.
J.
D
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s
t
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b
.
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s
t
.
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e
c
h
nol
.
,
v
o
l
.
6,
no
.
1,
pp
.
1
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[
25]
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M
o
ha
m
m
e
d,
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I
br
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hi
m
,
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N
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l
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s
h
i
,
a
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A
l
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ur
qa
,
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l
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o
m
put
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.
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[
26]
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R
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[
27]
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a
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hka
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-
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a
b
r
i
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[
28]
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.
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[
30]
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D.
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31]
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G
u
pt
a
,
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n,
a
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d
J.
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R
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s
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s
,
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t
.
J.
I
n
f
.
M
an
age
.
,
v
o
l
.
33
,
no
.
5,
pp
.
861
-
874
,
201
3
,
do
i
:
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1016
/
j
.
i
j
i
nf
o
m
g
t
.
2013
.
07
.
0
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.
[
32]
H.
G
a
ng
w
a
r
,
H.
D
a
t
e
,
a
nd
R.
R
a
m
a
s
w
a
m
y
,
“
U
nde
r
s
t
a
n
di
ng
de
t
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m
i
na
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t
s
of
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m
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J.
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n
t
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p.
I
n
f
.
M
anag
.
,
v
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.
28
,
no
.
1,
pp
.
10
7
-
130,
201
5
,
do
i
:
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1
108
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-
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-
006
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.
[
33]
J.
W.
L
i
a
n
,
“
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r
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c
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[
34]
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W.
L
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a
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,
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C.
Y
e
n,
a
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Y.
T.
W
a
ng
,
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in
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.
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I
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M
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nage
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1,
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.
28
-
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20
14
,
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i
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016
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i
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.
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.
[
35]
R.
R
uf
í
n
,
F.
B
é
l
a
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e
r
,
C.
M.
M
o
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i
na
,
L.
C
a
r
t
e
r
,
a
nd
J.
C.
S.
F
i
g
ue
r
o
a
,
“A
c
r
o
s
s
-
c
ul
t
u
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a
l
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m
pa
r
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s
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ni
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g
ov
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nm
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a
do
pt
i
o
n
in
S
pa
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n
a
nd
t
he
U
S
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,
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in
T
e
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h
no
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A
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Soc
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36]
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.
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[
37]
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a
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l
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,
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A
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