I
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o
ne
s
ia
n J
o
urna
l o
f
E
lect
rica
l En
g
ineering
a
nd
Co
m
p
u
t
er
Science
Vo
l.
21
,
No
.
2
,
Feb
r
u
ar
y
2
0
2
1
,
p
p
.
9
11~
9
18
I
SS
N:
2
5
02
-
4
7
5
2
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
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j
ee
cs.v
2
1
.i
2
.
pp
9
11
-
9
18
911
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ij
ee
cs.ia
esco
r
e.
co
m
Perf
o
r
m
a
nce
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lua
tion
of
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ente
rprise
WA
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w
ith
real
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e applica
tions
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sed
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M
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e
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a
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iri
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H
a
ider.
J.
Abd
2
,
H
a
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M.
Al
Abbo
o
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Co
m
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ter
Ce
n
ter,
Un
iv
e
rsity
of
Ba
b
y
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n
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Ira
q
2,
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De
p
a
rtm
e
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t
of
El
e
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tri
c
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l
En
g
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e
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y
of
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Ira
q
Art
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nfo
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T
A
r
ticle
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y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Ma
y
25
,
2020
R
ev
i
s
ed
A
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g
23
,
2
0
2
0
A
cc
ep
ted
A
u
g
30
,
2020
W
irele
ss
lo
c
a
l
a
r
e
a
n
e
t
w
o
rk
s
(
WL
A
N)
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
u
se
d
re
c
e
n
tl
y
due
to
th
e
ir
b
e
n
e
f
it
s
w
h
ich
e
x
h
ib
it
s
o
u
tstan
d
i
n
g
m
o
b
il
it
y
w
it
h
e
a
sie
r
a
n
d
f
a
ste
r
c
o
n
f
ig
u
ra
ti
o
n
s.
T
h
e
w
irele
ss
lo
c
a
l
a
re
a
n
e
tw
o
rk
p
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
is
m
u
c
h
in
f
lu
e
n
c
e
d
by
b
o
th
n
e
tw
o
rk
to
p
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
h
a
rd
w
a
re
sp
e
c
i
f
ica
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
th
u
s
w
il
l
i
m
p
a
c
t
th
e
q
u
a
li
ty
o
f
se
r
v
ic
e
(Qo
S
)
p
a
ra
m
e
ters
w
h
ich
a
re
d
e
la
y
,
lo
a
d
,
a
n
d
re
sp
o
n
se
ti
m
e
.
T
h
is
w
o
rk
s
e
stim
a
ted
th
e
p
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
of
WL
A
N
in
e
n
terp
rise
W
A
N
b
a
se
d
on
t
h
e
OP
NET
m
o
d
e
ler.
T
h
re
e
sc
e
n
a
rio
s
h
a
v
e
b
e
e
n
su
g
g
e
ste
d
w
h
ich
a
re
F
DD
I
sc
e
n
a
rio
,
F
DD
I
Hy
b
rid
S
tar
sc
e
n
a
rio
,
a
n
d
F
DD
I
h
y
b
rid
rin
g
sc
e
n
a
rio
in
v
o
lv
in
g
we
b
b
ro
w
sin
g
(H
TT
P
)
a
n
d
f
il
e
tran
sfe
r
p
ro
t
o
c
o
l
(F
T
P
)
.
Ha
rd
w
a
re
o
b
jec
ts
a
n
d
so
f
t
w
a
re
c
o
n
f
ig
u
ra
ti
o
n
s
k
e
p
t
th
e
sa
m
e
f
o
r
a
ll
p
ro
p
o
se
d
sc
e
n
a
rio
s.
Dif
f
e
r
e
n
t
ty
p
e
s
of
li
n
k
s
a
n
d
to
p
o
l
o
g
ies
h
a
v
e
b
e
e
n
a
p
p
li
e
d
a
m
o
n
g
W
LAN
su
b
n
e
ts
as
w
e
ll
as
th
e
in
v
o
lv
e
d
g
a
t
e
w
a
y
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
c
h
a
n
g
e
d
to
m
e
a
su
re
p
a
ra
m
e
ters
o
f
q
u
a
li
t
y
o
f
se
r
v
ice
s
(
Qo
S
)
f
o
r
a
ll
sc
e
n
a
rio
s
u
se
d
.
T
h
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
c
o
n
f
irm
e
d
th
a
t
th
e
F
DD
I
h
y
b
rid
rin
g
sc
e
n
a
ri
o
p
re
se
n
ts
b
e
tt
e
r
p
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
th
a
n
th
e
F
DD
I
Hy
b
rid
S
tar
S
c
e
n
a
ri
o
a
n
d
F
DD
I
sc
e
n
a
rio
in
term
s
of
WL
A
N
d
e
la
y
,
WL
AN
lo
a
d
,
F
T
P
d
o
w
n
lo
a
d
re
sp
o
n
se
ti
m
e
,
a
n
d
HTT
P
o
b
jec
t
re
sp
o
n
se
ti
m
e
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
Dela
y
L
o
ad
OP
NE
T
Qo
S
R
esp
o
n
s
e
t
i
m
e
T
h
is
is
an
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r
th
e
CC
BY
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Mo
h
a
m
m
ed
Gh
ad
h
b
an
Al
-
Ha
m
ir
i
C
o
m
p
u
ter
C
en
ter
Un
i
v
er
s
it
y
of
B
ab
y
lo
n
Hillah
C
it
y
,
B
ab
il
P
r
o
v
in
ce
,
I
r
aq
m
.
g
h
ad
h
b
a
n
@
u
o
b
ab
y
lo
n
.
ed
u
.
i
q
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
W
ir
eless
L
o
ca
l
A
r
ea
Net
w
o
r
k
s
(
W
L
AN)
h
a
v
e
b
ec
o
m
e
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
to
o
p
er
ate
m
a
n
y
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
s
u
c
h
as
w
eb
b
r
o
w
s
in
g
HT
T
P,
d
atab
ase,
F
T
P
,
an
d
v
id
eo
co
n
f
er
en
ce
.
T
h
ese
d
iv
er
s
i
f
ied
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
in
W
L
A
N
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
in
cr
ea
s
e
Qu
alit
y
of
s
er
v
ice
(
Qo
S)
ch
allen
g
es
in
ter
m
s
of
lo
ad
,
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e,
tr
af
f
ic,
an
d
d
elay
[
1
]
.
T
h
e
W
L
AN
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
is
i
m
p
ac
ted
by
m
an
y
f
ac
to
r
s
w
h
ic
h
in
cl
u
d
e
to
p
o
lo
g
y
,
t
y
p
es
of
li
n
k
s
,
a
n
d
q
u
ali
f
icatio
n
s
of
th
e
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
an
d
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
[
2
]
.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
of
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
is
also
in
f
l
u
en
ce
d
by
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
v
er
h
ea
d
an
d
o
p
er
atio
n
o
v
er
lo
ad
[
3
]
.
I
T
U
-
T
s
tan
d
ar
d
E
.
8
0
0
s
tates
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
Qo
S
w
h
ich
i
n
d
icate
s
co
n
s
u
m
er
s
ati
s
f
ac
t
io
n
ab
o
u
t
th
e
s
er
v
ice
p
r
o
v
id
er
an
d
th
eir
lo
y
alt
y
[
4
]
.
In
o
th
er
w
o
r
d
s
,
Qo
S
is
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
t
s
an
d
r
u
l
es
t
h
at
ar
e
f
o
llo
w
ed
to
tr
an
s
f
er
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
en
d
er
to
t
h
e
r
ec
eiv
er
[
5
]
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
t
w
o
m
a
in
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
th
at
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
q
u
alit
y
of
s
er
v
ice:
q
u
a
litati
v
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
an
d
q
u
a
n
titat
iv
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
[
6
]
.
Qu
alitati
v
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
ar
e
t
h
e
le
v
el
of
s
ec
u
r
it
y
,
th
e
f
le
x
ib
ilit
y
of
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t.
Q
u
an
t
itati
v
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
r
ep
r
ese
n
t
d
ela
y
,
lo
ad
,
an
d
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e
[
7
]
.
T
h
er
e
is
a
s
i
g
n
i
f
ican
t
c
h
al
len
g
e
t
h
at
is
r
ela
ted
to
t
h
e
Q
u
a
lit
y
of
Ser
v
ice
(
Qo
S)
on
t
h
e
L
A
N
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
.
T
h
is
ch
alle
n
g
e
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
by
s
h
ar
i
n
g
t
h
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
ch
an
n
el
b
et
w
ee
n
co
n
s
u
m
er
s
in
an
ex
p
ec
ted
an
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
21
,
No
.
2
,
Feb
r
u
ar
y
2
0
2
1
:
9
11
-
9
18
912
m
ea
s
u
r
ab
le
m
et
h
o
d
[
8
]
.
W
h
en
ev
er
tr
af
f
ic
of
v
id
eo
or
v
o
ice
in
v
o
l
v
es
t
h
e
IP
n
et
w
o
r
k
,
it
h
as
to
s
h
ar
e
th
e
m
ed
ia
w
it
h
FT
P
,
d
atab
ase,
an
d
H
T
T
P
tr
af
f
ic
[
9
,
1
0
]
.
In
co
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
s
,
lo
ad
r
ep
r
esen
t
s
t
h
e
tr
a
f
f
ic
t
h
at
is
co
n
v
e
y
ed
by
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
[
1
1
]
.
T
h
e
lo
ad
also
r
ef
er
s
to
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
b
et
w
e
en
th
e
ca
p
ac
it
y
of
th
e
c
h
a
n
n
e
l
an
d
th
e
tr
a
f
f
ic.
Data
in
co
m
p
u
ter
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
ar
e
u
s
u
all
y
tr
a
n
s
f
er
r
ed
as
p
ac
k
et
s
,
w
h
ic
h
ca
u
s
e
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
lo
ad
.
W
h
en
t
h
e
lo
ad
i
n
cr
ea
s
es
to
h
i
g
h
er
r
ate
s
,
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
d
r
o
p
s
s
o
m
e
of
t
h
e
p
ac
k
ets
b
ec
a
u
s
e
of
t
h
e
b
o
u
n
d
ed
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
in
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
l
in
k
s
a
n
d
n
o
d
es
[
1
2
]
.
T
o
p
o
lo
g
y
w
it
h
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
t
y
p
e
s
of
li
n
k
s
i
m
p
ac
t
s
on
th
e
b
ala
n
ce
of
n
et
w
o
r
k
lo
ad
[
1
3
]
.
As
m
en
tio
n
ed
,
t
h
e
r
ap
id
g
r
o
w
t
h
of
r
ea
l
ti
m
e
ap
p
licati
o
n
s
r
esu
lts
in
s
er
io
u
s
ch
al
len
g
es
in
ter
m
s
of
n
et
w
o
r
k
d
ela
y
an
d
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e
[
1
4
]
.
R
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e
is
a
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
of
ti
m
e
n
ee
d
ed
by
a
co
m
p
u
ter
to
m
ee
t
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
of
m
u
lti
m
ed
ia
s
er
v
ices
s
u
c
h
as
w
eb
b
r
o
w
s
in
g
HT
T
P
an
d
F
T
P
f
ile
tr
an
s
f
er
r
i
n
g
[
1
5
].
On
t
h
e
o
t
h
er
h
an
d
,
t
h
e
d
ela
y
is
a
p
ar
a
m
e
ter
t
h
at
h
as
a
n
e
g
ativ
e
i
m
p
ac
t
on
W
L
A
N
n
et
wo
r
k
s
[
1
6
]
.
Dela
y
r
ep
r
ese
n
ts
t
h
e
ti
m
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
tr
a
n
s
f
er
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
s
e
n
d
er
to
r
ec
eiv
er
.
So
,
th
e
d
ela
y
m
u
s
t
be
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
ac
cu
r
atel
y
to
m
ee
t
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
t
s
of
Qo
S.
Del
a
y
ch
al
len
g
es
b
ec
o
m
e
m
o
r
e
co
m
p
lica
ted
b
ec
au
s
e
of
th
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
u
s
ag
e
of
W
L
A
N
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
.
R
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
ap
p
li
ca
tio
n
s
s
u
c
h
as
HT
T
P
,
F
T
P,
a
n
d
d
atab
ase
ac
ce
s
s
ar
e
in
f
l
u
e
n
ce
d
by
d
ela
y
[
1
7
,
1
8
]
.
Dela
y
is
a
f
f
ec
ted
by
t
h
e
i
n
cr
e
ased
tr
af
f
ic
th
at
u
s
es
t
h
e
w
h
o
l
e
b
an
d
w
id
th
.
T
h
e
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
ar
e
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
d
by
d
ela
y
d
if
f
e
r
en
tl
y
.
Fo
r
in
s
tan
ce
,
t
h
e
d
ela
y
is
s
i
g
n
if
ica
n
t
f
o
r
HT
T
P
an
d
d
atab
ase
ac
ce
s
s
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
d
ela
y
r
ep
r
ese
n
ts
a
s
er
io
u
s
c
h
alle
n
g
e
to
v
o
ice
a
n
d
v
id
eo
co
n
f
er
en
ce
ap
p
licatio
n
s
[
1
9
,
2
0
]
.
T
h
e
Qo
S
is
s
u
es
r
elate
d
w
it
h
th
e
IP
ter
m
i
n
al
ar
e
th
e
d
ec
is
io
n
of
co
d
ec
s
u
tili
ze
d
in
th
e
ter
m
in
a
l,
t
h
e
e
x
h
ib
itio
n
of
th
e
co
d
ec
to
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
s
o
r
ts
of
n
et
w
o
r
k
co
r
r
u
p
tio
n
,
t
h
e
d
ela
y
s
of
s
ig
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
th
e
d
ela
y
s
of
ca
ll
p
r
ep
ar
in
g
,
th
e
d
elay
s
r
elate
d
w
i
th
s
ec
u
r
i
t
y
p
r
o
b
lem
s
,
an
d
t
h
e
s
o
u
n
d
d
ela
y
in
d
ig
ital
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
ch
a
n
n
el
[
2
1
]
.
Si
m
u
latio
n
to
o
ls
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
to
ex
p
ec
t
p
r
o
b
lem
s
of
n
et
w
o
r
k
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
a
n
d
to
ev
alu
ate
Qo
S
[
2
2
]
.
To
ev
alu
ate
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
of
a
n
y
W
L
AN
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
in
ter
m
s
of
Q
u
alit
y
of
Ser
v
ice
(
Qo
S)
p
ar
a
m
e
ter
s
,
a
m
o
d
eler
s
u
c
h
as
OP
NE
T
is
r
eq
u
ir
ed
.
OP
NE
T
m
o
d
eler
is
a
v
ir
tu
al
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
f
o
r
s
i
m
u
lati
n
g
,
test
i
n
g
d
esig
n
s
,
an
d
ex
p
ec
tin
g
th
e
b
eh
av
io
r
of
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
s
t
h
at
in
v
o
l
v
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
ap
p
licat
io
n
s
,
d
ata
s
er
v
er
s
,
an
d
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
[
2
3
,
2
4
]
.
Si
m
u
lati
n
g
m
o
d
els
b
ec
o
m
e
a
co
m
m
o
n
w
a
y
to
a
n
al
y
ze
t
h
e
f
ea
tu
r
es
a
n
d
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
s
of
s
u
g
g
e
s
ted
m
o
d
els
in
a
w
id
e
r
a
n
g
e
of
r
esear
ch
ar
ea
s
[
2
5
,
2
6
]
.
T
h
is
m
o
d
eler
is
a
to
o
l
to
p
r
ed
ict
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
an
d
b
eh
av
io
r
of
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
a
n
d
W
L
A
N
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
[
2
7
,
2
8
]
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
th
is
m
o
d
eler
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
th
e
c
r
ea
tio
n
of
n
et
w
o
r
k
to
p
o
lo
g
ies
s
u
c
h
as
Star
,
a
n
d
R
in
g
to
p
o
lo
g
ies
th
at
ar
e
in
v
o
l
v
ed
in
t
h
i
s
r
esear
ch
.
Als
o
,
t
h
i
s
to
o
l
h
as
th
e
ab
ili
t
y
to
s
i
m
u
la
te,
r
u
n
,
a
n
d
e
v
alu
a
t
e
d
if
f
er
en
t
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
,
a
n
d
co
m
p
ar
e
th
e
ir
s
tat
is
tic
s
s
u
c
h
as
d
ela
y
,
lo
ad
,
an
d
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e
[
2
9
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
is
s
i
m
u
latio
n
to
o
l
can
h
elp
to
ch
o
o
s
e
an
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
n
et
w
o
r
k
d
esig
n
at
a
lo
w
co
s
t.
T
h
u
s
,
t
h
e
co
s
t,
d
ela
y
,
a
n
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
of
each
d
esi
g
n
in
t
h
i
s
s
i
m
u
latio
n
to
o
l
ca
n
be
esti
m
ated
[
3
0
-
3
2
]
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
g
o
al
is
to
ev
a
lu
ate
th
e
W
L
AN
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
w
h
ic
h
w
i
ll
r
es
u
lt
in
r
ed
u
ci
n
g
g
e
n
er
al
co
s
t
s
a
n
d
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
t
h
e
q
u
ali
t
y
of
s
er
v
i
ce
(
Qo
S).
T
h
e
r
est
of
th
i
s
p
ap
er
is
o
r
g
an
ized
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
Sect
io
n
2
p
r
esen
t
s
th
e
R
esear
c
h
Me
t
h
o
d
u
s
ed
in
t
h
is
p
ap
er
.
Sectio
n
3
s
tates
th
e
OP
NE
T
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
.
T
h
e
C
o
n
clu
s
io
n
is
g
i
v
en
in
Sect
io
n
4.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
s
i
m
u
late
s
W
L
A
N
w
it
h
f
ix
ed
L
A
N
in
e
n
ter
p
r
is
e
W
A
N
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
OP
NE
T
m
o
d
eler
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
th
r
ee
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
in
v
o
l
v
ed
in
t
h
is
r
esear
c
h
w
h
ich
ar
e
ca
lled
:
FDDI
,
FD
DI
H
y
b
r
id
Star
,
an
d
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
R
i
n
g
.
In
t
h
is
r
es
ea
r
ch
,
t
w
o
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
s
in
ter
m
s
of
W
L
AN
d
ela
y
,
W
L
AN
l
o
ad
,
F
T
P
an
d
H
T
T
P
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e
ar
e
co
n
d
u
cted
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
is
d
o
n
e
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
FDDI
s
ce
n
ar
io
an
d
th
e
F
DDI
H
y
b
r
id
Star
s
ce
n
ar
io
,
w
h
ile
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
is
ac
h
iev
ed
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
FD
DI
H
y
b
r
id
Sta
r
s
ce
n
ar
io
an
d
t
h
e
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
R
in
g
s
ce
n
ar
io
.
A
ll
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
h
a
v
e
th
e
s
a
m
e
o
b
j
ec
ts
,
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
p
r
o
f
iles
,
s
er
v
ices
,
an
d
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
at
io
n
s
.
A
p
p
licat
io
n
d
ef
in
i
tio
n
s
in
ap
p
licatio
n
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
ar
e
s
et
as
d
ef
au
lt,
an
d
p
r
o
f
ile
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
s
ar
e
s
e
t
as
s
a
m
p
le
p
r
o
f
iles
.
A
d
d
itio
n
a
ll
y
,
f
ir
e
w
all
s
ar
e
s
et
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
all
s
er
v
ices,
an
d
s
er
v
er
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
cr
ea
ted
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
w
eb
b
r
o
w
s
i
n
g
(
HT
T
P)
an
d
FTP
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
ab
le
1
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
of
in
v
o
l
v
ed
o
b
j
ec
ts
in
each
s
c
en
ar
io
in
t
h
is
r
esear
c
h
.
T
h
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
FD
DI
an
d
F
DDI
H
y
b
r
id
Star
in
cl
u
d
es
t
w
o
t
h
i
n
g
s
.
T
h
e
FDDI
li
n
k
s
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
FDDI
g
ate
w
a
y
an
d
each
s
u
b
n
et
in
t
h
e
FD
DI
s
ce
n
ar
io
ar
e
r
ep
lace
d
by
1
0
0
0
B
aseX
lin
k
in
th
e
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
Star
s
ce
n
ar
io
.
A
ls
o
,
th
e
f
d
d
i
lan
(
f
d
d
i1
6
_
s
w
itc
h
_
2
3
)
in
each
s
u
b
n
e
t
in
FDDI
s
ce
n
ar
io
is
r
ep
lace
d
w
i
th
f
d
d
i
lan
(
f
d
d
i1
6
_
s
w
itc
h
_
4
8
)
in
F
DDI
H
y
b
r
id
S
tar
s
ce
n
ar
io
.
On
t
h
e
o
th
er
h
a
n
d
,
th
e
d
i
f
f
er
en
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
FD
DI
H
y
b
r
id
Star
an
d
FDD
I
H
y
b
r
id
R
in
g
in
cl
u
d
es
th
e
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
a
m
o
n
g
th
e
s
u
b
n
et
s
an
d
th
e
f
d
d
i
g
ate
w
a
y
.
In
o
th
er
w
o
r
d
s
,
th
e
to
p
o
lo
g
y
is
r
in
g
a
m
o
n
g
s
u
b
n
ets
in
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
R
i
n
g
w
h
er
ea
s
th
e
FD
DI
H
y
b
r
id
Star
h
a
s
s
tar
to
p
o
lo
g
y
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
s
u
b
n
e
ts
.
Fi
g
u
r
e
1,
2,
an
d
3
s
h
o
w
t
h
e
d
esi
g
n
of
FD
DI
s
ce
n
ar
io
,
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
Star
s
ce
n
ar
io
,
an
d
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
R
in
g
s
ce
n
ar
io
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
S
u
b
n
et
of
each
s
ce
n
ar
io
can
be
s
ee
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
4.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
P
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
E
va
lu
a
tio
n
o
f WLAN in
en
terp
r
is
e
W
A
N
w
ith
R
ea
l
-
Time
… (
Mo
h
a
mme
d
G.
A
l
-
Ha
mir
i
)
913
T
ab
le
1.
Nu
m
b
er
of
o
b
j
ec
ts
in
each
s
ce
n
ar
io
O
b
j
e
c
t
M
o
d
e
l
n
a
me
Q
u
a
n
t
i
t
y
I
n
t
e
r
n
e
t
b
a
c
k
b
o
n
e
I
p
3
2
_
c
l
o
u
d
1
f
i
r
e
w
a
l
l
f
d
d
i
f
d
d
i
2
_
sl
i
p
8
_
f
i
r
e
w
a
l
l
1
sw
i
t
c
h
f
d
d
i
f
d
d
i
1
6
_
sw
i
t
c
h
_
2
3
1
se
r
v
e
r
s
f
d
d
i
_
se
r
v
e
r
2
g
a
t
e
w
a
y
f
d
d
i
f
d
d
i
_
sl
i
p
8
_
g
t
w
y
_
2
5
1
su
b
n
e
t
(
0
,
1
,
2
)
su
b
n
e
t
3
f
d
d
i
r
o
u
t
e
r
w
l
a
n
_
f
d
d
i
2
_
t
r
2
_
r
o
u
t
e
r
1
w
l
a
n
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t
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n
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Fig
u
r
e
1.
FDDI
s
ce
n
ar
io
(
s
ce
n
ar
io
1)
Fig
u
r
e
2.
FDDI
h
y
b
r
id
s
tar
s
ce
n
ar
io
(
s
ce
n
ar
io
2)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
21
,
No
.
2
,
Feb
r
u
ar
y
2
0
2
1
:
9
11
-
9
18
914
Fig
u
r
e
3.
FDDI
h
y
b
r
id
r
in
g
s
c
en
ar
io
(
s
ce
n
ar
io
3)
Fig
u
r
e
4.
Su
b
n
et
C
o
n
n
ec
ti
v
it
y
in
(
s
en
ar
io
s
1,
2,
&
3)
3.
O
P
NE
T
S
I
M
UL
AT
I
O
N
R
E
SUL
T
S
Af
ter
co
m
p
leti
n
g
t
h
e
d
esi
g
n
,
it
h
a
s
b
ee
n
r
u
n
at
a
s
i
m
u
lati
o
n
ti
m
e
of
t
w
en
t
y
m
in
u
te
s
.
R
es
u
lts
ar
e
co
llected
f
o
r
th
e
th
r
ee
s
ce
n
ar
i
o
s
in
ter
m
s
of
W
L
A
N
d
ela
y
,
W
L
A
N
lo
ad
,
FT
P
d
o
w
n
lo
ad
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e,
an
d
HT
T
P
o
b
ject
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e.
T
w
o
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
ac
h
iev
ed
to
ev
al
u
ate
th
r
ee
s
c
en
ar
io
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
th
is
r
esear
c
h
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
is
d
o
n
e
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
F
DDI
s
ce
n
ar
io
(
s
ce
n
ar
io
1)
an
d
th
e
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
Star
s
ce
n
ar
io
(
s
ce
n
ar
io
2
)
.
Fig
u
r
es
5
an
d
6
s
h
o
w
t
h
e
g
lo
b
a
l
s
tatis
t
ics
of
W
L
AN
d
ela
y
an
d
W
L
A
N
lo
ad
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
f
o
r
th
e
F
DDI
s
ce
n
ar
io
an
d
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
Star
s
ce
n
ar
io
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
s
tate
t
h
at
W
L
A
N
d
ela
y
a
n
d
W
L
A
N
lo
ad
of
th
e
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
s
tar
s
ce
n
ar
io
ar
e
less
th
an
W
L
A
N
d
ela
y
a
n
d
W
L
AN
lo
ad
of
th
e
FDDI
s
ce
n
ar
io
.
T
h
is
h
ap
p
en
s
b
ec
au
s
e
of
th
e
r
ep
lace
d
lin
k
s
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
f
d
d
i
g
ate
w
a
y
a
n
d
th
e
s
u
b
n
ets.
FDDI
li
n
k
of
FDDI
s
ce
n
ar
io
can
tr
a
n
s
f
er
100
m
e
g
ab
its
p
er
s
ec
o
n
d
,
w
h
er
ea
s
th
e
1
0
0
0
B
aseX
lin
k
in
FD
DI
H
y
b
r
id
Star
can
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
1
g
i
g
ab
it
p
er
s
ec
o
n
d
.
Fig
u
r
es
7
an
d
8
p
r
esen
t
t
h
e
g
l
o
b
al
s
tatis
t
ics
of
FT
P
d
o
w
n
lo
a
d
r
esp
o
n
s
e
t
i
m
e
a
n
d
HT
T
P
o
b
j
ec
t
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e
r
e
s
p
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
e
r
es
u
lt
s
g
en
er
a
ll
y
s
tate
th
a
t
t
h
e
FDDI
H
y
b
r
i
d
Star
s
ce
n
ar
io
h
as
lo
w
er
FT
P
d
o
w
n
lo
ad
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e
an
d
HT
T
P
o
b
j
ec
t
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e
t
h
a
n
th
e
F
DDI
s
ce
n
ar
i
o
.
T
h
is
en
co
u
r
a
g
es
ex
ten
d
i
n
g
th
e
r
esear
c
h
in
t
h
e
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
Star
w
h
ic
h
r
es
u
l
ts
in
t
h
e
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
R
in
g
s
c
en
ar
io
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
P
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
E
va
lu
a
tio
n
o
f WLAN in
en
terp
r
is
e
W
A
N
w
ith
R
ea
l
-
Time
… (
Mo
h
a
mme
d
G.
A
l
-
Ha
mir
i
)
915
Fig
u
r
e
5.
W
L
A
N
d
ela
y
f
o
r
(
s
ce
n
ar
io
1
&
2)
Fig
u
r
e
6.
W
L
A
N
lo
ad
f
o
r
(
s
ce
n
ar
io
1
&
2)
Fig
u
r
e
7.
FTP
d
o
w
n
lo
ad
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e
f
o
r
(
s
ce
n
ar
io
1
&
2)
Fig
u
r
e
8.
HT
T
P
o
b
j
ec
t
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e
f
o
r
(
s
ce
n
ar
io
1
&
2)
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
is
d
o
n
e
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
Star
s
ce
n
ar
io
(
s
ce
n
ar
io
2)
an
d
th
e
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
R
in
g
s
ce
n
ar
io
(
s
ce
n
ar
io
3
)
.
Fig
u
r
es
9
&
10
s
h
o
w
t
h
e
g
lo
b
al
s
tat
is
tic
s
of
W
L
AN
d
elay
a
n
d
W
L
A
N
lo
ad
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
,
f
o
r
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
Star
an
d
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
R
in
g
.
W
L
A
N
d
ela
y
an
d
W
L
A
N
lo
ad
of
FDD
I
H
y
b
r
id
R
in
g
ar
e
les
s
th
a
n
W
L
A
N
d
ela
y
a
n
d
W
L
AN
lo
ad
of
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
Star
.
T
h
is
h
a
p
p
en
s
b
ec
au
s
e
ea
c
h
s
u
b
n
e
t
in
t
h
e
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
R
in
g
s
ce
n
ar
io
h
as
an
ad
d
itio
n
a
l
li
n
k
w
h
ich
r
es
u
lts
in
m
o
r
e
f
lex
ib
ilit
y
in
tr
af
f
ic
r
o
u
tin
g
.
So
,
w
h
e
n
th
er
e
is
a
lo
ad
in
a
lin
k
,
tr
af
f
ics
ca
n
be
r
ed
ir
ec
ted
to
th
e
o
th
er
lin
k
.
T
h
e
g
lo
b
al
s
tatis
t
ics
of
FT
P
d
o
w
n
lo
ad
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e
an
d
H
T
T
P
o
b
j
ec
t
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e
f
o
r
th
e
FD
DI
H
y
b
r
id
Star
s
ce
n
ar
io
an
d
FD
DI
H
y
b
r
id
R
in
g
s
ce
n
ar
io
ar
e
d
is
p
la
y
ed
in
Fi
g
u
r
es
11
an
d
12.
R
esu
lt
s
s
tate
t
h
at
th
e
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
R
i
n
g
s
ce
n
ar
i
o
h
as
lo
w
er
FT
P
d
o
w
n
lo
ad
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e
an
d
HT
T
P
o
b
j
ec
t
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e
t
h
a
n
th
e
FD
DI
H
y
b
r
id
Star
s
ce
n
ar
i
o
.
T
h
ese
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
th
e
e
f
f
e
ct
of
R
in
g
to
p
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
g
ig
ab
i
t
lin
k
s
in
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
in
ter
m
s
of
W
L
AN
d
ela
y
,
W
L
A
N
lo
ad
,
F
T
P
d
o
w
n
lo
ad
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e,
an
d
HT
T
P
o
b
j
ec
t
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
is
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
p
o
s
iti
v
el
y
a
f
f
ec
t
s
t
h
e
Qu
al
it
y
of
Ser
v
ice
(
Qo
S)
a
n
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
of
t
h
e
W
L
AN
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
21
,
No
.
2
,
Feb
r
u
ar
y
2
0
2
1
:
9
11
-
9
18
916
Fig
u
r
e
9.
W
L
A
N
d
ela
y
f
o
r
(
s
ce
n
ar
io
2
&
3)
Fig
u
r
e
10.
W
L
A
N
lo
ad
f
o
r
(
s
c
en
ar
io
2
&
3)
Fig
u
r
e
11.
FTP
d
o
w
n
lo
ad
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e
f
o
r
(
s
ce
n
ar
io
2
&
3)
Fig
u
r
e
12.
HT
T
P
o
b
j
ec
t
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e
f
o
r
(
s
ce
n
ar
io
2
&
3)
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
m
ea
s
u
r
es
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
of
W
L
AN
in
e
n
ter
p
r
is
e
W
A
N
u
s
i
n
g
OP
NE
T
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
.
FDDI
s
ce
n
ar
io
,
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
Star
s
ce
n
ar
io
,
an
d
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
R
in
g
s
ce
n
ar
io
ar
e
th
r
ee
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
s
u
g
g
es
ted
in
th
is
p
ap
er
.
All
s
u
g
g
ested
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
h
a
v
e
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
o
b
j
ec
ts
,
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
,
p
r
o
f
ile
s
,
s
er
v
ices,
an
d
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
s
.
T
h
ese
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
i
n
v
o
lv
e
g
ate
w
a
y
,
f
ir
e
w
all,
an
d
s
er
v
er
s
of
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
in
ter
m
s
of
w
eb
b
r
o
w
s
i
n
g
(
HT
T
P
)
an
d
FTP
s
er
v
er
s
.
T
h
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
a
m
o
n
g
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
in
clu
d
es
li
n
k
s
b
et
w
ee
n
W
L
AN
s
u
b
n
et
s
an
d
f
d
d
i
g
ate
w
a
y
s
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
FDDI
li
n
k
s
a
n
d
1
0
0
0
B
aseX
lin
k
s
.
In
a
d
d
itio
n
,
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
in
v
o
lv
es
th
e
to
p
o
lo
g
y
th
a
t
co
n
n
ec
t
s
th
e
s
e
s
u
b
n
et
s
in
ter
m
s
of
Star
an
d
R
in
g
to
p
o
lo
g
y
.
T
w
o
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
ac
h
iev
ed
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
th
r
ee
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
.
T
h
e
r
e
s
u
l
ts
of
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
s
tated
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h
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th
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FDDI
H
y
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r
ed
R
in
g
s
ce
n
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s
b
etter
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
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ce
th
a
n
t
h
e
FDDI
Hy
b
r
id
Star
Scen
ar
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an
d
FDDI
s
ce
n
ar
io
in
ter
m
s
of
W
L
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N
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elay
,
W
L
AN
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ad
,
FT
P
d
o
w
n
lo
ad
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esp
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d
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o
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e.
A
l
s
o
,
FDDI
H
y
b
r
id
S
tar
ac
h
iev
e
s
b
etter
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
t
h
an
t
h
e
FD
DI
s
c
en
ar
io
in
ter
m
s
of
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
Q
o
S
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
T.
Zaid
i
a
n
d
N.
N.
Dw
iv
e
d
i,
“
P
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
of
S
tep
Ne
t
w
o
rk
Us
in
g
S
im
u
latio
n
T
o
o
l,
”
I
n
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
of
Co
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
I
n
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
S
e
c
u
rity
,
v
o
l.
14,
n
o
.
10,
2
0
1
7
.
[2
]
F.
P.
T
so
,
S.
Jo
u
e
t,
a
n
d
D.
P.
P
e
z
a
ro
s,
“
Ne
tw
o
rk
a
n
d
se
rv
e
r
r
e
so
u
rc
e
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
stra
teg
i
e
s
f
o
r
d
a
ta
c
e
n
tre
in
f
ra
stru
c
tu
re
s:
A
su
rv
e
y
,
”
Co
mp
u
ter
Ne
two
rk
s
,
v
o
l.
1
0
6
,
pp.
2
0
9
-
2
2
5
,
2
0
1
6
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
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esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
P
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
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va
lu
a
tio
n
o
f WLAN in
en
terp
r
is
e
W
A
N
w
ith
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ea
l
-
Time
… (
Mo
h
a
mme
d
G.
A
l
-
Ha
mir
i
)
917
[3
]
P.
C.
Ne
w
to
n
,
E.
G.
D.
P.
Ra
j,
L.
A
ro
c
k
ia
m
a
n
d
R.
H.
P
ra
sa
th
,
“
NP
A
S
A
:
A
No
b
le
P
a
th
S
e
lec
ti
o
n
A
lg
o
rit
h
m
”
,
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m o
n
C
o
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
it
s A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
Ho
b
a
rt,
A
CT
,
p
p
.
5
2
-
55
,
2
0
0
8
.
[4
]
A.
Čo
lak
o
v
ić
a
n
d
H.
Ba
jri
ć
,
“
A
ss
e
ss
in
g
c
u
sto
m
e
r
sa
ti
s
f
a
c
ti
o
n
b
a
se
d
o
n
Qo
S
p
a
ra
m
e
t
e
rs
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
f
o
r
Qu
a
li
ty
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
v
o
l.
1
1
,
n
o
.
1,
pp.
2
2
1
-
2
4
0
,
2
0
1
7
.
[5
]
P.
Ne
w
to
n
a
n
d
L.
A
ro
c
k
ia
m
,
“A
Qu
a
li
ty
of
S
e
r
v
ice
P
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
S
trate
g
y
f
o
r
De
la
y
Cl
a
ss
e
s
in
Ge
n
e
ra
l
P
a
c
k
e
t
Ra
d
io
S
e
r
v
ice
”,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
of
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
S
c
ien
c
e
and
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l
.
5
0
,
p
p
.
91
-
98
,
2
0
1
3
.
[6
]
W.
Ke
ll
e
re
r,
A.
Ba
sta
,
a
n
d
A.
Bl
e
n
k
,
“
F
lex
ib
il
it
y
of
Ne
t
w
o
rk
s:
a
n
e
w
m
e
a
su
re
f
o
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
d
e
si
g
n
sp
a
c
e
a
n
a
l
y
sis,”
Ne
two
rk
in
g
a
n
d
In
ter
n
e
t
Arc
h
it
e
c
tu
re
,
2
0
1
5
.
[7
]
V.
A
lek
sie
v
a
,
“
T
h
e
s
y
ste
m
of
q
u
a
li
tativ
e
a
n
d
q
u
a
n
ti
tativ
e
in
d
ica
to
rs
f
o
r
M
P
L
S
n
e
tw
o
rk
s
a
n
a
l
y
sis
,”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
on
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
y
ste
ms
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
-
Co
mp
S
y
sTec
h
1
0
,
p
p
.
2
6
9
-
2
7
4
,
2
0
1
0
.
[8
]
P.
Zh
o
u
a
n
d
O.
Ya
n
g
,
“
S
c
a
lab
il
it
y
a
n
d
Qo
S
g
u
a
ra
n
tee
in
IP
n
e
tw
o
rk
s,”
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
Ei
g
h
t
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
on
C
o
mp
u
ter
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
Ne
two
rk
s
(Ca
t.
No
.
9
9
E
X
3
7
0
),
p
p
.
4
2
7
-
4
3
3
,
1
9
9
9
.
[9
]
M.
V
a
li
n
o
,
J.
C
o
rc
h
a
d
o
,
"
V
o
I
P
:
t
h
e
c
o
n
v
e
rg
e
n
c
e
of
n
e
t
w
o
rk
s
",
Co
mp
u
ti
n
g
a
n
d
Imf
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
S
y
ste
m
s
,
v
o
l.
6,
n
o
3,
pp.
1
0
5
-
1
1
2
,
1
9
9
9
.
[1
0
]
P
.
P
.
W
h
it
e
,
"
AT
M
s
w
it
c
h
in
g
a
n
d
IP
ro
u
ti
n
g
in
teg
ra
ti
o
n
:
T
h
e
n
e
x
t
sta
g
e
in
in
tern
e
t
e
v
o
lu
ti
o
n
",
IEE
E
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
M
a
g
a
zi
n
e
,
p
p
.
78
-
83,
1
9
9
8
.
[1
1
]
K.
X
io
n
g
,
S.
L
e
n
g
,
J.
Hu
,
X.
Ch
e
n
,
a
n
d
K.
Ya
n
g
,
“
S
m
a
rt
n
e
tw
o
rk
slicin
g
f
o
r
v
e
h
icu
lar
F
o
g
-
RA
N
s,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
on
Veh
icu
la
r
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
v
o
l.
6
8
,
n
o
.
4,
p
p
.
3
0
7
5
-
3
0
8
5
,
2
0
1
9
.
[1
2
]
A.
Y.
A
rd
ian
s
y
a
h
a
n
d
R.
S
a
rn
o
,
“
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
a
n
a
l
y
sis
of
w
irele
ss
se
n
so
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
w
it
h
lo
a
d
b
a
l
a
n
c
in
g
f
o
r
d
a
ta
tran
sm
issio
n
u
sin
g
x
b
e
e
zb
m
o
d
u
le,”
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
of
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l.
1
8
,
no.
1,
p
p
.
88
-
1
0
0
,
2
0
2
0
.
[1
3
]
S.
H.
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
a
n
d
A.
D.
Ja
si
m
,
“
E
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
of
f
ire
w
a
ll
a
n
d
lo
a
d
b
a
lan
c
e
in
f
a
t
-
tree
to
p
o
l
o
g
y
b
a
se
d
on
f
lo
o
d
li
g
h
t
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
,”
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
of
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l.
1
7
,
n
o
.
3,
p
p.
1
1
5
7
-
1
1
6
4
,
2
0
2
0
.
[1
4
]
L
iu
,
L
.
,
Ch
e
n
,
C.
,
P
e
i,
Q.,
M
a
h
a
rjan
,
S.
a
n
d
Zh
a
n
g
,
Y.,
“
V
e
h
icu
l
a
r
e
d
g
e
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
a
n
d
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
:
A
su
rv
e
y
,”
M
o
b
il
e
Ne
two
rk
s
a
n
d
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
2
0
2
0
.
[1
5
]
L.
P.
Jie
,
R.
Ra
m
lan
,
R.
H
a
ss
a
n
,
R.
O
m
a
r,
a
n
d
C.
S.
W
e
i,
“
W
e
b
site
q
u
a
li
ty
of
M
a
la
y
sia
n
Tec
h
n
ica
l
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
”
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
of
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l.
1
8
,
no.
3,
p
p.
1
6
2
4
-
1
6
2
8
,
2
0
2
0
.
[1
6
]
J.
Ho
lu
b
,
M.
Ka
stn
e
r,
a
n
d
O.
T
o
m
is
k
a
,
“
De
la
y
e
ffe
c
t
on
c
o
n
v
e
rsa
ti
o
n
a
l
q
u
a
li
ty
in
tele
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
n
e
tw
o
rk
s:
Do
we
m
in
d
?
,
”
2
0
0
7
W
ire
les
s T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m,
P
o
m
o
n
a
,
CA
,
p
p
.
1
-
4
,
2
0
0
7
.
[1
7
]
L.
D.
Dh
o
m
e
ja,
e
t
a
l
,
“
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
A
n
a
l
y
sis
of
WL
AN
S
tan
d
a
rd
s
f
o
r
Vid
e
o
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
in
g
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
of
W
ire
les
s
&
M
o
b
il
e
Ne
two
rk
s
,
v
o
l.
3,
n
o
.
6,
pp.
59
-
6
9
,
2
0
1
1
.
[1
8
]
B.
G
o
o
d
m
a
n
,
“
In
tern
e
t
tele
p
h
o
n
y
a
n
d
m
o
d
e
m
d
e
la
y
,
”
IEE
E
Ne
two
rk
,
v
o
l.
1
3
,
n
o
.
3,
p
p
.
8
-
1
6
,
1
9
9
9
.
[1
9
]
A.
Kh
a
li
f
e
h
,
A.
El
-
M
o
u
sa
,
a
n
d
A.
S
h
a
o
u
t,
“A
T
e
le
m
e
d
icin
e
V
id
e
o
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
in
g
S
y
ste
m
:
Im
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
Ch
a
ll
e
n
g
e
s
a
n
d
S
o
lu
ti
o
n
s,”
th
e
p
ro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
of
t
h
e
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
on
In
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
S
y
ste
ms
,
At
Amma
n
,
J
o
rd
a
n
,
2
0
0
9
.
[2
0
]
T.
A
z
i
z
,
M.
Isla
m
,
H.
Ka
ri
m
,
a
n
d
A.
P
o
p
e
sc
u
,
“
Eff
e
c
t
o
f
p
a
c
k
e
t
d
e
la
y
v
a
riatio
n
o
n
v
id
e
o
/v
o
ice
o
v
e
r
d
iff
se
r
v
-
M
p
ls
In
Ip
v
4
/I
p
v
6
n
e
tw
o
rk
s
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
of
Distrib
u
ted
a
n
d
P
a
ra
ll
e
l
sy
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
3,
no.
1,
p
p
.
27
-
47,
2
0
1
2
.
[2
1
]
A
.
M
.
G
ril
o
,
P
.
M
.
Ca
rv
a
lh
o
,
L
.
M
.
M
e
d
e
ir
o
s,
M
.
S
.
Nu
n
e
s,
"
V
T
OA
/V
o
IP
/IS
DN
T
e
lep
h
o
n
y
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ter
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on
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T
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,
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M
'9
9
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lma
r
,
pp.
2
0
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-
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3
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,
1
9
9
9
.
[2
2
]
G.
A
r
m
it
a
g
e
,
"
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P
L
S
:
th
e
m
a
g
ic
b
e
h
in
d
th
e
m
y
th
s
",
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E
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mm
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n
ica
ti
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n
s
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a
g
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e
,
v
o
l
.
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no
1,
p
p
.
1
2
4
-
1
3
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,
2
0
0
0
.
[2
3
]
M.
Al
-
Ru
d
a
i
n
i,
K.
Ob
o
o
d
,
"
W
i
re
les
s
n
e
tw
o
rk
si
m
u
latio
n
u
si
n
g
OP
NET
IT
g
u
ru
a
c
a
d
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m
ic
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it
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n
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e
c
h
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l
Rep
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rt
,
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e
b
2
0
0
9
.
[2
4
]
S.
A.
-
S.
L
a
f
ta,
A.
H.
A
li
,
M.
M.
Ka
re
e
m
,
Y.
A.
Hu
ss
e
in
,
a
n
d
A.
H.
A
li
,
“
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e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
si
m
u
latio
n
of
b
ro
a
d
b
a
n
d
m
u
lt
i
m
e
d
ia
w
irele
s
s
n
e
t
w
o
rk
s
si
m
u
latio
n
b
a
se
d
on
O
P
NET
,
”
In
d
o
n
e
si
a
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
of
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e
c
trica
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Co
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l.
1
7
,
n
o
.
1,
pp.
1
-
9,
2
0
2
0
.
[2
5
]
S.
M
i
tt
a
l
,
et
al
.,
”
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sig
n
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p
lo
r
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
Im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
of
S
i
m
p
lex
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l
g
o
rit
h
m
o
v
e
r
re
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o
n
f
ig
u
ra
b
le
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
p
latf
o
rm
s
,”
IEE
E
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
on
Dig
i
ta
l
Co
n
v
e
rg
e
n
c
e
,
pp.
2
0
4
-
2
0
9
,
2
0
1
1
.
[2
6
]
S.
G
u
p
ta
et
el
.,
”
G
u
a
ra
n
tee
d
Q
o
S
w
it
h
M
IM
O
S
y
ste
m
s
f
o
r
sc
a
lab
le
lo
w
m
o
ti
o
n
v
id
e
o
stre
a
m
in
g
o
v
e
r
sc
a
rc
e
re
so
u
rc
e
w
irele
ss
c
h
a
n
n
e
ls,
”
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c
e
e
d
in
g
s
of
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e
c
o
n
d
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
on
I
n
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
P
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
,
I.
K
.
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
Pvt
L
t
d
,
pp.
4
5
2
-
4
6
6
,
2
0
0
8
.
[2
7
]
S.
W.
Ba
ra
sa
,
S.
M.
M
b
u
g
u
a
,
a
n
d
S.
M.
Ka
ru
m
e
,
“
M
a
p
of
t
h
e
v
a
rio
u
s
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o
n
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ig
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ra
ti
o
n
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tt
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u
tes
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ro
m
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4
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e
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s
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k
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tu
n
n
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ll
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g
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n
d
NA
T
:
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o
d
e
ll
in
g
d
e
sig
n
s
in
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NET
m
o
d
e
ll
e
r
,”
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ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
of
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
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e
a
n
d
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o
b
il
e
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mp
u
t
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,
v
o
l
.
7,
n
o
.
7,
pp.
32
-
4
4
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
8
]
A.
A.
A
b
d
u
lraz
z
a
q
,
A.
J.
A
b
id
,
a
n
d
A.
H.
A
li
,
“
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S
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rf
o
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m
a
n
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o
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X
n
e
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s
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a
s
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on
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P
NET
,
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ter
n
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ti
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l
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of
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g
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e
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r
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h
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l.
1
3
,
n
o
.
9,
p
p
.
6
5
4
5
-
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5
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0
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
9
]
A.
O.
Ba
r
z
n
ji
,
e
t
a
l
,
“
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CP
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e
rf
o
rm
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n
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e
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o
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n
g
f
o
r
S
im
u
lat
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d
W
ired
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
Co
m
p
u
ter
Ne
tw
o
rk
Us
in
g
OP
NET
,
”
UKH
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
of
S
c
ien
c
e
and
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l
.
3
,
n
o
1
,
pp.
18
-
2
8
,
2
0
1
9
.
[3
0
]
A.
Ba
rz
n
ji
,
T.
Ra
sh
id
,
a
n
d
N.
Al
-
S
a
li
h
i,
“
Co
m
p
u
ter
n
e
tw
o
rk
sim
u
latio
n
o
f
f
ire
w
a
ll
a
n
d
Vo
IP
p
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
m
o
n
it
o
rin
g
,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
of
On
li
n
e
a
n
d
Bi
o
me
d
ica
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l.
14,
n
o
.
9,
pp.
4
-
18,
2
0
1
8
.
[3
1
]
M.
Ch
e
n
,
Y.
M
iao
,
a
n
d
I.
Hu
m
a
r,
“
L
a
r
g
e
S
e
n
so
r
Ne
tw
o
rk
OP
NET
M
o
d
e
l
De
b
u
g
g
in
g
,
”
OPNET
I
o
T
S
imu
l
a
ti
o
n
,
p
p
.
249
-
2
9
4
,
2
0
1
9
.
[3
2
]
S.
Rh
a
if
,
A.
A
b
d
u
lraz
z
a
q
,
R.
A
b
d
u
l
n
a
b
i,
a
n
d
A.
A
li
,
“
F
ib
e
r
o
p
ti
c
s
b
a
se
d
sc
h
e
m
e
s
m
o
d
e
li
n
g
a
n
d
si
m
u
latio
n
of
Qo
S
f
o
r
Wi
-
Fi
sc
e
n
a
rio
s
u
sin
g
OP
NE
T
m
o
d
e
ler,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
of
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l.
10,
n
o
.
3,
p
p
.
2
5
6
9
-
2
5
7
8
,
2
0
2
0
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
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5
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l.
21
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2
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rt
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.