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b
e
i
n
g o
r
ga
ni
z
e
d
i
n M
a
l
a
y
s
i
a
.
H
o
w
e
v
er
,
I
d
eal
P
r
o
E
ve
nt
,
a
p
a
in
tb
a
ll
o
r
g
a
n
iz
e
r
h
a
s
d
if
f
ic
u
lt
ie
s
i
n
m
a
n
a
g
i
n
g
th
e
p
a
in
tb
a
ll
t
o
ur
na
m
e
n
t
s
p
eci
f
i
cal
l
y
i
n
t
er
m
s
o
f
cr
eat
i
n
g
t
h
e
m
at
c
h
m
ak
i
n
g
t
o
u
r
n
a
m
en
t
b
r
ack
et
.
A
c
c
o
r
d
i
ng t
o
a
s
ur
ve
y
c
on
du
c
t
e
d t
o
w
a
r
ds
45 r
e
s
pon
de
n
t
s
t
h
at
e
n
co
m
p
a
s
s
es
o
f
pr
of
e
s
s
i
on
a
l
pa
i
n
t
b
a
ll
p
la
y
e
r
s
a
nd
o
r
ga
ni
z
e
r
s
i
n
M
e
l
a
k
a
,
91%
of
r
e
s
pon
de
n
t
s
in
d
ic
a
te
d
th
a
t th
e
y
f
i
n
d
it
d
i
f
f
ic
u
lt
to
m
a
na
ge
p
a
i
nt
b
a
l
l
t
o
ur
na
m
e
nt
d
ue
t
o
t
he
co
ach
o
r
o
r
g
an
i
zer
s
till e
m
p
lo
y
in
g
t
h
e
tr
a
d
itio
n
a
l p
e
n
a
n
d
p
a
p
e
r
m
e
t
h
o
d
s
.
T
h
e
y
ar
e al
s
o
a
d
m
itte
d
to
e
m
p
lo
y
t
he
us
e
o
f
M
ic
r
o
s
o
f
t
E
x
c
e
l to
s
to
r
e
t
he
t
o
ur
na
m
e
nt
-
r
el
at
ed
d
a
ta
.
C
r
eat
i
n
g
t
h
e
m
at
c
h
m
a
k
i
n
g
b
r
ack
et
t
h
er
ef
o
r
e
l
a
r
ge
l
y
i
n
vo
l
ve
s
t
he
e
l
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
l
uc
k d
ue
t
o
i
t
s
r
a
nd
o
m
ne
s
s
.
T
he
m
a
n
ua
l
m
a
t
c
hm
a
k
i
ng
w
a
s
n
ot
opt
i
m
i
z
e
d a
n
d
m
a
y
p
ut
a
n
e
ve
n
t
ua
l
t
o
ur
na
m
e
nt
w
i
n
ne
r
w
i
t
h
t
he
r
u
n
ne
r
-
up
i
n
t
he
ve
r
y
f
i
r
s
t
r
o
u
nd
.
C
r
e
a
tin
g
a
n
o
p
ti
m
iz
e
d
t
o
u
r
n
a
m
en
t
m
at
c
h
m
a
k
i
n
g
b
r
ack
et
p
r
es
e
n
t
s
a
v
er
y
l
ar
g
e
ch
a
l
l
en
g
e
es
p
eci
al
l
y
w
h
e
n
co
n
s
i
d
er
i
n
g
a
l
ar
g
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
ar
t
i
ci
p
an
t
s
.
T
h
i
s
p
ap
er
t
h
er
ef
o
r
e p
r
es
e
n
t
s
an
i
n
t
el
l
i
g
en
t
p
ai
n
t
b
al
l
t
o
u
r
n
a
m
en
t
m
at
c
h
m
a
k
i
n
g
u
s
i
n
g
e
v
o
lu
tio
n
ar
y
-
b
a
s
e
d
s
w
a
r
m
i
n
te
lli
g
e
n
c
e
o
p
ti
m
iz
a
tio
n
a
l
g
o
r
ith
m
; t
h
e
p
a
r
tic
le
s
w
a
r
m
o
p
tim
iz
a
tio
n
(
P
S
O
)
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
.
P
r
e
lim
i
n
a
r
il
y
,
t
h
e
r
e
w
e
r
e
th
r
e
e
p
o
te
n
tia
l e
v
o
lu
tio
n
a
r
y
-
b
as
ed
s
w
ar
m
i
n
t
el
l
i
g
e
n
ce o
p
t
i
m
i
zat
i
o
n
a
l
g
or
i
t
hm
t
h
a
t
a
r
e
c
on
s
i
de
r
e
d t
o be
e
m
pl
o
y
e
d i
n
t
h
i
s
pa
pe
r
;
P
S
O
,
A
r
tif
ic
ia
l B
e
e
C
o
lo
n
y
(
A
B
C
)
,
a
n
d
A
n
t
C
o
lo
n
y
O
p
ti
m
iz
a
tio
n
(
A
C
O
)
.
T
a
b
le
1
illu
s
tr
a
te
s
t
h
e
a
d
v
a
n
ta
g
e
s
a
n
d
d
is
a
d
v
a
n
ta
g
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
a
l
g
o
r
ith
m
t
ech
n
i
q
u
e.
T
a
b
l
e
1
.
A
d
va
nt
a
ge
s
a
nd
D
i
s
a
d
va
nt
a
ge
s
o
f
t
he
A
l
go
r
i
t
h
m
T
e
c
hni
q
ue
A
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
T
e
c
h
n
i
q
u
e
Y
ea
r
B
e
h
a
vi
or
Ad
v
a
n
t
a
ge
s
D
i
s
ad
v
an
t
ag
e
s
P
ar
t
i
cl
e
S
w
ar
m
O
p
ti
m
i
z
a
t
io
n
1
9
9
5
B
i
r
d
F
l
o
c
k
i
n
g or
fi
s
h
s
c
h
o
ol
i
n
g
•
E
a
s
y
t
o
i
m
p
l
em
en
t
•
F
o
l
l
o
w
t
h
e
b
e
s
t
p
ar
t
i
cl
e
an
d
t
r
y
t
o
i
m
p
r
o
ve
its
e
l
f
•
F
l
e
x
i
b
l
e
i
n
m
a
n
y
w
a
y
s
•
V
er
y
f
a
s
t
c
o
n
v
er
g
en
c
e
•
E
a
s
y
t
o
f
a
l
l
i
n
t
o
l
oc
a
l
op
t
i
m
u
m
i
n
h
i
g
h
-
d
i
m
e
n
s
i
o
n
a
l
sp
a
c
e
•
L
o
w
c
o
n
v
er
g
en
c
e r
a
t
e
A
r
t
if
ic
ia
l
B
e
e
C
o
l
o
n
y
2
0
0
5
H
o
n
e
y
b
e
e
s
wa
r
m
•
S
el
f
-
o
r
g
a
n
i
z
i
n
g
•
C
o
l
l
e
c
tiv
e
in
te
l
l
ig
e
n
t d
a
ta
•
A
b
a
n
d
o
n
i
n
g
p
o
o
r
s
o
l
u
t
i
o
n
•
P
o
o
r
l
o
cal
s
e
ar
ch
ab
i
l
i
t
y
A
n
t
C
ol
on
y
O
p
ti
m
i
z
a
t
io
n
1
9
9
2
A
n
t
s
c
ol
on
y
•
E
ffi
c
i
e
n
t
fo
r t
ra
v
e
l
i
n
g
s
a
l
e
s
m
a
n
p
r
o
b
l
e
m
•
I
n
h
e
r
e
n
t
p
a
r
a
l
l
e
l
i
s
m
•
S
e
q
u
e
n
c
e
o
f
r
a
n
d
o
m
d
e
c
i
s
i
o
n
s
•
T
h
e
o
r
e
tic
a
l
a
n
a
l
y
s
is
is
d
if
f
i
c
u
l
t
P
S
O
w
a
s
f
ir
s
t i
n
te
n
d
e
d
f
o
r
s
i
m
u
la
ti
n
g
s
o
c
ia
l b
e
h
a
v
io
u
r
to
w
a
r
d
s
th
e
m
o
v
e
m
e
n
t o
f
o
r
g
a
n
is
m
s
i
n
a
b
ir
d
f
l
o
ck
o
r
f
i
s
h
s
ch
o
o
l
[
6
]
.
P
S
O
h
as
b
een
ch
o
s
e
n
b
ecau
s
e i
t
w
as
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
e
f
f
ect
i
v
e
w
i
t
h
i
t
s
eas
e o
f
i
m
p
l
e
m
en
t
a
t
i
o
n
an
d
i
t
s
n
at
u
r
e
o
f
f
as
t
co
n
v
er
g
e
n
ce.
I
t
can
b
e
u
s
ed
an
d
o
p
t
i
m
i
ze t
o
s
ear
ch
ev
er
y
l
ar
g
e s
p
ace o
f
p
a
r
tic
le
s
o
lu
tio
n
[
7
-
8
]
.
T
h
i
s
p
r
o
v
en
t
h
at
P
S
O
h
a
s
b
een
s
u
cce
s
s
f
u
l
l
y
ap
p
l
i
ed
i
n
m
a
n
y
r
e
s
ear
ch
an
d
ap
p
l
i
cat
i
o
n
ar
eas
i
n
p
as
t
s
e
v
er
al
y
ear
s
w
i
t
h
b
et
t
er
r
es
u
l
t
s
,
f
a
s
t
er
an
d
ch
eap
er
[
9
]
.
I
n
t
h
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
,
P
S
O
cal
cu
l
at
e
s
i
t
f
i
t
n
e
s
s
v
al
u
e
f
o
r
each
p
ar
t
i
cl
e an
d
co
m
p
ar
e t
h
e v
a
l
u
e [
1
0
]
.
F
i
g
u
r
e 1
r
ev
eal
s
t
h
e
f
l
o
w
d
i
ag
r
a
m
f
o
r
t
h
e P
S
O
al
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
.
T
o
o
p
tim
iz
e
a
s
o
lu
tio
n
,
it
f
i
r
s
t in
i
tia
liz
e
s
e
a
c
h
p
a
r
tic
le
i
n
t
h
e
p
o
p
u
la
tio
n
.
T
h
e
a
l
g
o
r
ith
m
t
h
e
n
cal
cu
l
at
e
s
t
h
e
f
i
t
n
es
s
v
al
u
e o
f
each
p
ar
t
i
cl
es
w
i
t
h
i
n
t
h
e p
o
p
u
l
at
i
o
n
.
T
h
en
P
S
O
r
an
d
o
m
l
y
p
i
ck
s
a
n
y
p
ar
t
i
cl
e t
o
s
e
t it
a
s
p
a
r
tic
le
b
e
s
t
(
p
B
e
s
t)
.
A
f
te
r
t
h
a
t,
it
c
o
m
p
ar
es
t
h
e
p
B
es
t
w
i
t
h
a
n
o
t
h
er
p
ar
t
i
cl
e.
I
f
t
h
e c
u
r
r
en
t
p
ar
t
i
cl
e
f
it
n
e
s
s
v
a
l
u
e
is
g
r
e
a
te
r
th
a
n
p
B
e
s
t,
it a
s
s
ig
n
s
t
h
a
t c
u
r
r
e
n
t
f
it
n
e
s
s
in
to
n
e
w
p
B
e
s
t.
I
f
th
e
c
u
r
r
e
n
t f
it
n
e
s
s
is
le
s
s
t
h
an
t
h
e p
B
es
t
,
i
t
k
eep
s
t
h
e p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
p
B
es
t
.
A
f
t
er
co
m
p
ar
i
n
g
t
h
e f
i
t
n
e
s
s
v
a
l
u
e,
t
h
e p
B
es
t
v
al
u
e
b
e as
s
i
g
n
ed
t
o
g
l
o
b
al
B
es
t
(
g
B
es
t
)
i
n
an
o
t
h
er
w
o
r
d
i
t
b
eco
m
e t
h
e p
o
p
u
l
at
i
o
n
b
es
t
f
i
t
n
e
s
s
v
al
u
e t
o
g
u
i
d
e t
h
e en
t
i
r
e
p
o
p
u
l
at
i
o
n
[
8
]
.
T
h
en
i
t
cal
c
u
l
at
es
t
h
e
v
el
o
ci
t
y
f
o
r
eac
h
p
ar
t
i
cl
e an
d
u
s
e
i
t
t
o
u
p
d
at
e i
t
s
d
at
a v
al
u
es
.
L
a
s
t
l
y
,
i
t
id
e
n
t
i
f
i
es
i
f
t
h
e t
ar
g
et
o
r
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
ep
o
ch
s
r
each
ed
.
I
f
n
o
t
,
i
t
r
ep
eat
s
b
y
cal
cu
l
a
t
i
n
g
t
h
e
f
i
t
n
es
s
o
f
eac
h
p
ar
t
i
cl
e
an
d
s
o
o
n
.
I
f
i
t
r
each
ed
t
h
e t
ar
g
et
o
r
m
ax
i
m
u
m
,
t
h
e
s
ear
ch
s
t
o
p
s
at
t
h
at
p
o
i
n
t
o
n
l
y
.
T
h
e r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
o
f
t
h
i
s
p
ap
er
i
s
o
r
g
an
i
zed
a
s
f
o
l
l
o
w
s
.
I
n
S
ec
t
i
o
n 2
,
t
he
r
es
ear
c
h
m
at
er
i
al
a
nd m
e
t
h
od
u
s
ed
ar
e d
i
s
cu
s
s
ed
i
n
d
et
ai
l
.
S
ect
i
o
n
3
p
r
es
en
t
s
t
h
e r
e
s
u
l
t
s
an
d
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
o
f
t
h
e t
es
t
i
n
g
r
es
u
l
t
s
.
F
i
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F
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1
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2.
1 A
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D
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s
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s
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g
P
S
O
St
e
p 1
:
I
n
itia
liz
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th
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p
a
r
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in
th
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p
o
p
u
la
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t b
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in
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ig
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2
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a
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I
SSN
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25
02
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4752
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p
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(
g
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St
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h
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f
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t
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is
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te
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i
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h
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w
s
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et
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w
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f
t
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ha
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
nd
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h
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p
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at
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h
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g
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SSN
:
25
02
-
4752
I
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s
i
a
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E
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m
W
or
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i
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s
h
o
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y
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t
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m
w
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k
f
l
o
w
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t
h
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ee d
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f
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en
t
u
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s
;
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h
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p
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a
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t
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s
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a
n
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o
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g
an
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o
r
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t
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w
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i
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r
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m
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2
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3
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F
i
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s
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(
S
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3
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s
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l
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w
h
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c
h
i
s
o
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t
eam
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.
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m
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F
i
g
u
r
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.
S
p
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ai
n
t
b
al
l
H
o
m
e P
ag
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I
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s
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a
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4752
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[
1]
S
a
lim
a
El F
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d
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-
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[
2]
D
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S
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.
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6]
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9]
P
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7.
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1
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