Indonesi
an
Journa
l
of
El
ect
ri
cal Engineer
ing
an
d
Comp
ut
er
Scie
nce
Vo
l.
12
,
No.
3
,
Decem
ber
201
8
, p
p.
11
26
~
11
31
IS
S
N: 25
02
-
4752, DO
I: 10
.11
591/ijeecs
.v1
2
.i
3
.pp
11
26
-
11
31
1126
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ia
es
core.c
om/j
ourn
als/i
ndex.
ph
p/ij
eecs
Developi
ng an Us
er
f
riend
ly Onl
ine Sh
opping Web
-
S
ite
G.
S
aib
aba, S.
Pra
s
anth
Vai
dya
Com
pute
r
Scie
n
ce
and Engi
ne
ering
,
Ga
y
a
tri Vid
ya
Parishad
Coll
e
ge
of Engin
ee
rin
g,
Madhura
wada
,
Visakha
pat
n
am, A
ndhra
Prade
sh
530048,
Indi
a
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
Ma
y
1,
2018
Re
vised Ju
n 1
3
, 2018
Accepte
d Aug
2
1
, 201
8
I
n
thi
s
era
of
int
ern
et,
e
-
comm
erc
e
is
growing
b
y
leaps
and
bounds
kee
ping
the
growth
of
br
ic
k
-
and
-
m
orta
r
b
usinesses
in
the
dust.
In
m
an
y
c
a
ses,
bric
k
-
and
-
m
orta
r
bus
i
nesses
are
resor
t
ing
to
hav
ing
a
count
erp
art
whi
c
h
is
int
ern
et
or
e
-
comm
erc
e
drive
n.
Peop
le
i
n
the
dev
el
op
ed
world
and
a
gro
wing
num
ber
of
peopl
e
in
the
deve
lopi
ng
wor
ld
now
u
se
ec
om
m
erc
e
websites
on
a
dai
l
y
basis
to
m
ake
th
ei
r
ev
er
y
da
y
pur
cha
ses.
Sti
ll
th
e
proli
fer
at
ion
of
e
-
comm
erc
e
in
the
unde
rde
ve
lope
d
world
is
n
ot
tha
t
gr
eat
and
the
re
is
a
lot
to
desire
for
I
t
consists
of
the
p
la
nning
pro
ce
ss
,
which
star
ts
wit
h
det
ermining
th
e
use
c
ase
,
dom
a
in
m
odel
ing
and
arc
hitect
ur
al
patter
n
of
the
web
appl
icati
o
n
.
The
en
ti
re
d
evel
opm
ent
proc
ess
i
s
primarily
divi
d
ed
int
o
two
par
ts
:
the
fron
t
-
end
deve
lopmen
t
and
the
bac
k
e
nd
deve
lopment.
The
dat
ab
ase
de
sign
is
al
so
discussed
with a
n
empha
sis on it
s re
lational
conn
ec
t
ivi
t
y
.
Ke
yw
or
d
s
:
On
li
ne
s
hoppin
g
E
-
com
m
erce
W
e
bs
it
e
W
eb
Ap
plica
ti
on
Copyright
©
201
8
Instit
ut
e
o
f Ad
vanc
ed
Engi
n
ee
r
ing
and
S
cienc
e
.
Al
l
rights re
serv
ed
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
S.
P
rasa
nth
Va
idya
,
Com
pu
te
r
Scie
nce a
nd
E
ng
i
ne
erin
g
,
Gayat
ri V
i
dya
Parisha
d
C
ollege
of Enginee
r
ing
,
Ma
dhur
a
wa
da, Visa
kh
a
patna
m
,
And
hr
a
Pr
a
des
h 530
048, I
ndia
.
+9
1
-
96
5273
3636
Em
a
il
:
vaidya26
9@
gm
ail.co
m
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
Ele
ct
ro
nic
c
om
m
erce
or
e
-
c
omm
erce
ref
er
s
to
a
com
pr
ehensi
ve
ra
nge
of
on
li
ne
business
act
ivit
ie
s
for
pro
d
-
ucts
and
se
r
vices.
I
t
is
gen
erall
y
accom
pan
yi
ng
with
onli
ne
bu
yi
ng
an
d
sel
li
ng
over
t
he
inte
rn
et
or
gu
i
dan
ce
a
ny
transacti
on
in
volvin
g
the
t
ranspose
of
ow
ne
rsh
i
p
or
ri
gh
ts
to
em
plo
ym
e
nt
go
ods
or
se
rv
ic
es
thr
ough
a
c
om
pu
te
r
m
id
-
dl
e
netw
ork
[
1,
2].
E
-
c
omm
e
rce
is
div
i
ding
into
three
cat
egories:
busi
n
ess
to
bu
si
ness o
r
B
2B
(
Ci
sco
),
business t
o
c
onsu
m
er
or
B
2C
(A
m
azon),
and c
on
su
m
er to
cons
um
er o
r
C2C
(e
Ba
y).
1.1.
Bac
kg
r
ound
E
-
com
m
erce
web
sit
e
de
velo
pm
ent
is
do
ne
us
in
g
fro
nt
-
en
d
an
d
bac
k
-
e
nd
de
velo
pm
ent.
Fr
ont
-
e
nd
dev
el
op
-
m
ent
can
be
do
ne
usi
ng
HTML,
C
SS,
j
avasc
ript,
j
que
ry
an
d
A
j
a
x
.
HTML
is
th
e
sta
nd
a
rd
for
hype
r
te
xt
m
ark
up
la
ngua
ge
f
or
c
re
at
ing
W
e
b
pages.
It
is
m
a
inly
us
ed
to
desc
r
ibe
the
str
uctu
r
e
of
Web
pa
ge
s
w
it
h
el
e
m
ents.
Each
el
em
ents
c
on
ta
in
s
sta
rt
and
e
nd
ta
gs
.
CSS
is
Ca
scadin
g
Sty
le
Shee
ts
it
m
ai
nly
us
ed
t
o
descr
i
be
how
HTML
el
em
ents
are
to
be
dis
play
ed
on
scre
en.
It
ca
n
c
on
tr
ol
the
la
yo
ut
of
m
ulti
ple
web
pa
ge
s
al
l
at
on
ce
[3,
4].
Chandra
n
et
al
.
[5
]
pr
op
os
e
d
websi
te
qu
al
it
y
evaluati
on
based
on
s
earch
en
gi
ne
queries
us
in
g
web
ra
nk
posit
io
n
al
gorithm
.
Zha
ng
et
al
.
[6
]
pro
po
s
ed
E
-
c
omm
erce
websi
te
reco
m
m
end
er
syst
e
m
base
d
on
dissi
m
il
arity
and
associat
ion
ru
le
.
Qu
i
et
al
.
[
7]
design
e
d
we
bs
it
e
resou
rce
m
on
it
or
i
ng
pla
tfor
m
su
pp
or
ti
ng ti
be
ta
n
an
d uyg
hur
langua
ge base
d on sem
antic
s
.
1.2. The Pr
obl
em
Pr
ovi
ding
sal
e
s
an
d
ad
ve
rtise
m
ent
for
sm
al
l
scal
e
m
erch
an
diser
is
a
ver
y
diff
ic
ult
ta
sk
.
Du
e
t
o
day
-
to
-
day
com
petet
ion
t
he
sel
le
r
’s
a
re
facin
g
m
any
prob
le
m
s
to
sel
l
t
he
pro
duct
s
to
the
cu
stom
ers.
I
n
the
si
m
il
ar
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Develo
ping
an
Userfrie
ndly
O
nline
Shoppi
ngWeb
-
Site
(
G. S
aibaba
)
1127
way,
the
cust
om
er’
s
require
d
easy
sh
opping
facil
it
ie
s
and
m
ulti
ple
pr
oducts
w
hich
are
pr
ese
nt
at
the
sa
m
e
place.
1.3. The
prop
os
ed
so
lu
tion
To
ov
e
rc
om
e
t
he
di
ff
ic
ulti
es
of
t
he
sel
le
rs
a
nd
t
he
c
on
s
um
ers,
e
-
com
m
erce
us
e
rfrien
dly
websi
te
is
desig
ne
d
with
a
ver
y
lo
w
budget
w
her
e
the
conus
um
ers
can
sel
ect
the
product
an
d
pu
rc
hase
it
at
their
ho
m
e.
Si
m
il
arly
the sell
ers
can
pro
vi
de
al
l t
he pr
od
ucts in
a sin
gle
w
in
dow
.
Mo
del
-
view
-
c
on
t
ro
ll
er
is
co
m
m
on
ly
u
sed
for
dev
el
op
i
ng
softwar
e
that
div
ide
s
a
n
a
ppli
cat
ion
int
o
three
inte
r
-
c
onnecte
d
pa
rts.
The
m
od
el
is
the
cent
ral
com
pone
nt
of
the
pa
tt
ern
.
It
e
xpre
sses
the
a
pp
li
c
at
ion
’s
beh
a
vior
in
te
rm
s
of
the
pr
ob
le
m
do
m
ai
n
,
ind
e
pe
nd
e
nt
of
the
us
e
r
int
erf
ace.
A
view
can
be
a
ny
ou
t
pu
t
represe
ntati
on
of
in
f
or
m
at
ion
,
su
c
h
as
a
ch
art
or
a
diag
ra
m
.
Mult
iple
views
of
the
sa
m
e
info
rm
at
ion
are
po
s
sible,
s
uc
h
as
a
ba
r
c
har
t f
or
m
anag
em
ent
and
a
ta
bula
r
view
for
acc
ou
ntants.
The
thir
d
p
art o
r
sect
io
n,
t
he
con
t
ro
ll
er,
acc
epts in
put an
d conve
rts it
to
c
omm
and
s
for
t
he
m
od
el
or
vi
ew [8].
In
a
ddit
ion
t
o
div
idi
ng
the
a
pp
li
cat
io
n
into
three
kinds
of
com
pone
nts
,
the
m
od
el
-
vie
w
-
c
ontrolle
r
desig
n
def
in
es
the
interact
io
ns
betwee
n
th
e
m
.
The
m
od
el
is
respon
si
ble
f
or
m
anagi
ng
the
data
of
t
he
app
li
cat
io
n.
I
t
receives
us
e
r
input
f
r
om
the
co
ntr
oll
er.
T
he
view
m
eans
presentat
io
n
of
the
m
od
el
in
a
par
ti
cula
r
f
orm
at
.
The
co
nt
ro
ll
er
res
pond
s
to
the
us
e
r
i
nput
a
nd
pe
rfor
m
s
interact
ion
s
on
t
he
dat
a
m
od
el
obj
ect
s.
Th
e
c
ontr
oller
recei
ve
s the i
nput, o
ption
al
ly
v
al
idat
e
s it
and the
n p
asses the
in
pu
t
to the m
od
el
[9]
.
In
t
he
pro
pos
ed
m
od
el
,
set
ti
ng
up
a
we
bsi
te
fo
r
busine
ss
pur
opos
e
is
addresse
d
f
r
om
bo
th
the
owne
r
a
nd
the
co
nsum
er
po
i
nt
of
view
.
Si
nc
e
the
e
valuati
on
is
based
on
th
e
owne
rs
process
i.e
.,
crea
ti
ng
a
web
sit
e,
unde
r
sta
nd
i
ng
c
onsum
er
requirem
e
nts
an
d
so
on.
The
re
st
of
the
pap
e
r
is
is
org
anized
as
f
ollo
ws.
I
n
Sect
ion
2,
feat
ur
es
of
the
m
od
el
are
disc
us
s
ed.
I
n
Sect
ion
3,
the
plan
nin
g
process
is
dis
cusse
d.
I
n
Sect
ion
4,
th
e
to
ols
requi
red
f
or
de
vel
opin
g
t
he
m
od
e
l
are
pr
e
sente
d.
T
he
wor
king
of
the
g
ive
n
m
od
el
is
pr
e
se
nted
in
Sect
ion
5. I
n S
ect
ion
6,
test
in
g
a
nd bu
g fixin
g
a
re
discuss
e
d. Finall
y, th
e
c
on
cl
us
io
n
is
pr
ov
i
ded in
Sect
ion
7.
2.
FEATU
RES
An
e
nd
use
r
ca
n
achie
ve
f
ree
on
li
ne
re
gistrati
on
a
nd
can
se
arch
a
sp
eci
fic
pro
du
ct
of
his/her
i
nteres
t
.
The
paym
ent
c
an
be
do
ne
on
l
ine
or
th
rou
gh
“C
ash
on
deliv
ery”
m
ann
er.
The
a
dm
inist
rator
has
th
e
ri
ght
to
add
pr
oduct, upd
at
e
it
s
c
os
t o
r
ca
ncel
any pr
oduct.
C
us
tom
ers
ca
n
update t
heir
per
s
onal
inf
or
am
ti
on
a
ny
tim
e.
Af
te
r
lo
ggin
g
into
the
syst
em
,
the
custome
rs
can
or
der
the
require
d
pro
duct
.
In
t
his
ecom
m
erce
web
sit
e
,
pro
du
ct
s
a
re
orga
nized
base
d
on
cat
e
gories.
Wh
e
nev
e
r
a
custom
er
pur
chases
a
pro
duct
,
it
autom
at
ic
al
ly
su
bt
racts
the
count
from
the
inv
e
ntory
syst
e
m
&
if
the
qu
antit
y
of
the
pro
duct
i
s
le
ss
t
han
five,
no
ti
fi
cat
ion
will
b
e se
nt to
the ad
m
in and
su
ppli
er
[
10
]
.
3.
THE
PLA
NNING PR
OCE
SS
The
goal
is
to
disentan
gle
a
web
a
pp
li
cat
io
n
that
would
be
at
tract
ive
eno
ug
h,
ha
ve
a
prof
e
s
sio
nal
look
an
d
us
e
r
favor
a
ble.
S
o
that,
pe
op
le
of
al
l
per
iod
gro
up
s
w
ou
l
d
be
it
s
end
use
rs
w
hich
be
gi
n
with
sub
-
div
idi
ng the
who
le
tas
k
a
nd s
et
ti
ng
m
il
es
tone
s.
T
he
e
ntire
plan
ning
proce
ss is d
isc
us
se
d here
.
3.1.
Def
ini
n
g Use
C
as
e
M
odel
s
Wr
it
in
g
use
c
a
ses
or
sto
ries
of
us
i
ng
a
syst
e
m
is
an
exc
el
le
nt
te
chn
iq
ue
to
ex
plain
a
nd
desc
ribe
requirem
ents.
An
e
nd
us
er
w
it
h
internet
bro
wsing
facil
it
y
can
re
gister
i
nto
the
sit
e.
By
sign
i
ng
i
n,
t
he
y
can
fin
d
al
l
the
pro
du
ct
s
pro
vid
e
d;
us
er
s
ca
n
fi
nd
the
pr
oducts
us
i
ng
t
he
sea
rc
h
op
ti
on.
Item
s
to
be
purc
hase
d
a
re
add
e
d
int
o
the
sh
op
ping
cart.
By
pr
ovidi
ng
paym
ent
t
ype,
the
orde
r
will
be
com
plete
d
byge
ner
at
in
g
e
-
bill
.
The follo
wing
are the
prim
ary
r
e
qu
irem
ents
1)
A
r
egistrat
io
n pag
e
2)
Searc
h op
ti
on
3)
Shoppin
g
ca
rt
4)
Ad
m
in p
a
ge
5)
Paym
ent p
ag
e
and s
o on.
3.2.
Do
m
ain
Model
ing
The
pro
pose
d
web
ap
plica
ti
on
m
od
el
is
dev
el
oped
us
in
g
O
bj
ect
O
rie
nted
P
rogr
am
m
ing
(OOP
)
wh
ic
h
em
-
pha
siz
es on
fin
ding a
nd d
e
scribi
ng the
ob
j
ect
s.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
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-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
12
, N
o.
3
,
Dece
m
ber
2
01
8
:
11
26
–
11
31
1128
3.3. Arc
hitect
ural P
attern
The
P
rop
os
ed
app
li
cat
ion
ha
s
been
im
pr
oved
us
in
g
sta
nd
a
r
d
“M
odel
-
Vie
w
-
C
on
tr
ol
le
r”
patte
rn.
Mod
el
view
c
on
tr
oller
(M
VC
)
is
a
n
a
pp
li
cat
ion
a
rc
hitec
tur
al
patte
rn
f
or
i
m
ple
m
enting
use
r
inte
rf
aces
.
MVC
is
an
open
s
our
ce
web
dev
el
opm
ent
fr
am
ew
ork
that
pro
vide
s
su
pp
or
t
to
buil
d
the
ap
plic
at
ion
us
i
ng
PHP
with
MVC
patte
r
n.
It
can
only
pas
s
inf
or
m
at
ion
f
ro
m
th
e
vie
w
and
up
dated
i
nfo
rm
ation
to
the
view.
Finall
y,
the
m
od
el
can
on
l
y
acce
ss
to
m
ys
ql
databa
se
w
her
e
it
updates
log
in
in
form
a
ti
on
,
re
gistrati
on
pag
e
s,
pri
c
es
and
pro
du
ct
s
ente
r
ed
by
the
adm
in
or
the
us
er
.
The
m
od
el
,
view
and
c
on
t
r
oller
of
t
he
ap
plica
ti
on
is
show
n
in
Figure
1
wit
h
us
er
view
an
d
adm
in
view
con
sist
ing
of
lo
gi
n,
hea
der,
foo
te
r
and
s
o
on,
m
od
el
con
sist
ing
of
log
in
,
pro
duct
,
ca
te
go
ry
an
d
so
on
an
d
co
ntro
ll
er
f
or
bo
t
h
adm
in
and
us
e
r
to
m
anipu
la
te
and
up
date
use
r
and
adm
in v
ie
w wit
h
the
help
of
t
he
m
od
el
.
Figure
1. Dia
gra
m
o
f
M
od
el
,
View
a
nd C
on
t
ro
ll
er
of the
appli
cat
ion
4.
DEVELOP
M
ENT TOOL
S
The
e
ntire
devel
op
m
e
nt
proc
ess
has
bee
n
s
ub
-
div
ide
d
i
nto
f
r
on
t
-
en
d
a
nd
back
-
e
nd
de
velo
pm
ent.
The
f
ront
-
e
nd
d
evel
op
m
ent
consi
sts
of
vis
ually
visible
on
the
a
pp
li
cat
ion,
su
c
h
as
hom
e
pag
e,
a
dm
i
n
pa
nel,
con
ta
ct
pag
e
,
s
hop
-
pi
ng
cart
pa
ge
a
nd
so
on.
T
he
bac
k
-
e
nd
de
velo
pm
e
nt
co
ntains
m
y
-
sq
l
-
data
base
a
nd
it
s
interact
ion wit
h fron
t
-
en
d pa
ges.
4.1. Fr
on
t
-
En
d D
e
velo
pmen
t
Fr
ont
-
e
nd
dev
e
lop
m
ent
m
ai
nly usin
g HTML
, CSS, Ja
va
Sc
r
ipt, J
Qu
e
ry an
d A
j
ax
.
4.1.1. H
yp
er
t
ext M
ark
-
up
Langua
ge
(
H
TML)
HTML
is
the
s
ta
nd
a
rd
f
or
hy
per
te
xt
m
ark
up
la
ngua
ge
for
creati
ng
We
b
pag
e
s.
It
is
m
ai
nly
us
e
d
to
descr
i
be
th
e
st
ru
ct
ur
e
of
We
b
pa
ges.
The
docum
ent
co
nta
ins
tw
o
sect
io
n
first
sect
io
n
is
hea
der
sect
ion
a
nd
seco
nd
is
body
sect
ion
[
11]
.
The
he
ade
r
sec
ti
on
s
c
on
ta
in
c
ascadin
g
sty
le
sh
eet
s
an
d
j
ava
script
file
s.
T
he
body
sect
ion
c
onta
in
s v
isi
ble
pa
rt of the
w
e
b
a
ppli
cat
ion
s
with el
e
m
ents
(start a
nd end ta
gs
)
[1
2,
13]
.
4.1.2. C
as
c
ad
i
ng
Style
She
et
s (CSS
)
CSS
is
Ca
scad
ing
Sty
le
Sh
ee
ts
it
m
a
inly
us
ed
to
descr
i
be
how
HTML
el
e
m
ents
are
to
be
dis
play
ed
on
sc
ree
n
[
14
]
.
CSS
is
a
sty
le
sh
eet
la
ngua
ge
us
ed
f
or
desc
ribing
the
lo
o
k
and
form
at
t
ing
a
doc
um
ent
wr
it
te
n
in
a
m
ark
-
up
la
ngua
ge.
T
hes
e
CSS
file
s
are
li
nk
e
d
with
t
he
cl
ass
file
s
wi
th
.
php
exte
ns
i
on
s
to
put
t
he
pan
el
s
in
or
der
,
the
te
xt
with
c
orrect
f
on
t,
siz
e
a
nd
colo
ur.
CSS
ca
n
c
on
t
ro
l
t
he
l
ay
ou
t
of
m
ultip
le
we
b
pa
ges
al
l
at
on
ce
[1
5].
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Develo
ping
an
Userfrie
ndly
O
nline
Shoppi
ngWeb
-
Site
(
G. S
aibaba
)
1129
4.1.3. J
ava Sc
ri
pt
, JQ
uery
& Aja
x
Java
Sc
ript
is
a
cl
ie
nt
side
s
cripti
ng
la
ng
ua
ge,
m
os
t
com
m
on
ly
us
ed
as
par
t
of
we
b
bro
wsers.
It’
s
i
m
ple
m
en
ta
ti
o
ns
al
lo
w
cl
ie
nt
side
scri
pts
to
interact
with
the
us
e
r,
c
on
t
ro
l
the
bro
wser,
c
omm
u
nicat
e
asy
nch
ron
ously
and
al
te
r
the
docum
ent
co
nt
ent
that
is
dis
play
ed.
Java
Sc
ript
is
sc
riptin
g
la
ng
uag
e
s
it
m
ai
nly
us
e
d
to
m
akes
HTML
pag
e
s
m
or
e
dynam
ic
and
interact
ive
.
JQ
ue
ry
is
a
JavaSc
ript
Li
brary.
T
he
pur
pose
of
JQu
e
ry
is
to
m
ake
it
m
uch
easi
er
to
use
Jav
aScript
on
t
he
web
sit
e
[
16,
17]
.
JQ
ue
ry
ta
ke
s
a
lot
of
co
m
m
on
ta
sk
s
that
re
quire
m
any
l
ines
of
Ja
vaSc
ript
cod
e
t
o
accom
plish,
a
nd
w
ra
ps
them
into
m
et
ho
ds
t
hat
can
cal
l
with
a
sing
le
li
ne
of
c
ode.
JQ
uer
y
al
so
sim
plifie
s
a
lot
of
t
he
com
plica
te
d
thing
s
f
ro
m
JavaSc
r
ipt,
li
ke
AJAX
cal
ls
and
DOM
m
anipu
la
ti
on
.
AJ
A
X
is
Asynchron
ous
JavaSc
ript
an
d
XML,
AJ
AX
al
lows
to
sen
d
a
nd
receive
data as
ynch
ron
ou
sly
without
reloa
din
g t
he we
b page
[18
]
.
4.2. Bac
kend
Dev
el
op
me
nt
Database
Ma
na
gem
ent
Syst
e
m
(D
BM
S)
pr
ov
i
des
sup
port
fo
r
b
ack
-
e
nd
dev
el
opm
ent.
DBMS
is
essenti
al
ly
so
ft
war
e
t
o
create
the
data
base
to
add,
drop,
al
te
r
an
d
update
t
ables
[
19
]
.
Ba
ck
-
e
nd
de
velo
pm
ent
us
es
P
HP
with
m
ysql.
PH
P
is
hype
r
te
xt
pr
e
process
w
hich
is
m
ai
nly
us
ed
to
create
dyna
m
ic
web
pa
ge.
PHP
can
c
reate,
op
e
n,
rea
d,
wr
it
e,
delet
e,
an
d
cl
ose
file
s
on
the
serv
e
r
wh
ic
h
c
on
ta
in
s
te
xt,
H
TML
,
CSS
an
d
P
H
P
Cod
e
[20,
21
]
.
4.3. D
atabase
D
esi
gn
On
e
of
the
m
ost
i
m
po
rtant
a
nd
chall
en
ging
ta
s
k
is
databa
se
desi
gn.
T
he
inf
or
m
at
ion
pa
ssed
by
the
us
ers
w
hile
re
gisterin
g
in
t
he
ap
plica
ti
on
is
store
d
in
t
he
m
ysql
databa
se.
The
it
em
s
with
their
ide
ntific
at
ion
,
descr
i
ption
a
nd
im
age
are
store
d
in
the
databa
se.
Ta
bles
in
the
pro
posed
ap
plica
ti
on
databa
s
e
are:
reg
ist
rati
on,
use
rlo
gin
,
adm
in
log
i
n,
cat
e
gor
y,
subcat
eg
or
y
,
subs
ubcat
eg
ory
,
it
em
s,
wishl
ist
,
order
s
,
lo
gs
an
d
so
on.
T
he
f
orm
at
ion
of
thre
e
ta
bles
are
s
how
n
in
the
Fi
gure
2.
The
ta
bl
e
entit
le
d
“p
rodu
ct
”
has
t
he
a
tt
ribu
te
s
nam
ely:
pr
od
uc
ti
d,
pro
du
ct
r
at
e,
cat
eg
or
yi
d,
desc
riptio
n
and
sta
tus
w
he
re
producti
d
i
s
the
pri
m
ary
key
f
or
this
ta
ble
i.e.,
each
pro
duct
will
hav
e
a
un
iqu
e
ide
ntit
y.
The
at
trib
ute
cat
egoryi
d
pla
ys
as
a
fo
rei
gn
key
for
this
ta
ble
i.e
.
this
f
or
ei
gn
ke
y
create
s
a
li
nk
with
ta
ble
cat
egory
ha
ving
tw
o
at
tribu
t
es:
cat
egoryi
d
a
nd
cat
egoryn
am
e.
Wh
e
n
a
cu
stom
er
reg
ist
ers
in
t
he
websi
te
,
in
form
at
ion
will
be
st
or
e
d
in
the
cu
stom
e
r
ta
bl
e
with
the
at
trib
utes
nam
e,
custom
eri
d,
pr
od
ucti
d,
quantit
y
and
em
ail.
Agai
n
custom
eri
dis
the
uniq
ue
key
for
this ta
ble a
nd prod
ucti d is t
he
for
ei
gn
key to
li
nk
with th
e
product ta
ble
.
Figure
2. Table
of
product, cat
egory, s
ubcat
egory, s
ubsubca
te
gory an
d
c
us
t
om
er d
at
abase
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
12
, N
o.
3
,
Dece
m
ber
2
01
8
:
11
26
–
11
31
1130
5.
HOW T
HE
WEB
A
PPLI
CA
TI
ON WO
RKS
The
pro
pose
d
web
a
pp
li
cat
io
n
com
pr
ise
s
of
dynam
ic
web
pag
es
w
hich
has
bee
n
creat
ed
for
both
cl
ie
nt
and
se
rver
side
sc
ripts.
A
dy
nam
ic
w
eb
pa
ge
is
a
w
eb
pa
ge
that
is
gen
e
rated
by
a
serv
e
r
-
si
de
pro
gr
am
or
script.
F
or
the
te
sti
ng
pur
po
s
e
we
bs
it
e
i
s
hoste
d
on
lo
cal
ho
sts
i.e.,
per
s
onal
com
pu
te
rs.
Br
ow
se
r
li
ke
Goo
gle
Ch
ro
m
e,
Mozi
ll
a
Fire
fox
or
Sa
far
i
s
upport
t
his
pro
gr
am
.
The
bro
wser
m
akes
a
Hype
rtext
T
ra
ns
fe
r
Pr
ot
oc
ol
(
HTT
P)
request
t
o
th
e
we
b
se
rv
e
r
f
or
a
s
pecific
dy
nam
ic
web
pa
ge,
t
he
web
ser
ver
t
he
n
lo
oks
up
the
extensi
on
of
t
he
re
qu
e
ste
d
f
il
e
to
fi
nd
out
wh
ic
h
ap
plica
ti
on
ser
ver
s
houl
d
proce
ss
th
e
re
qu
e
st.
Wh
en
t
he
app
li
cat
io
n
ser
ver
receives
a
request,
it
r
uns
the
sp
eci
fied
script.
Of
te
n,
t
his
scri
pt
us
es
the
data
that
it
gets
from
the
web
browser
to
get
the
app
r
opriat
e
data
fr
om
a
database
ser
ve
r.
This
scri
pt
can
al
so
store
t
he
data
that
it
receives
in
the
data
ba
se.
Wh
en
t
he
app
li
cat
io
n
ser
ver
finishe
s
pr
ocessin
g
the
da
ta
,
it
gen
erat
es
the
HTML
f
or
a
web
pag
e
a
nd
returns
to
the
web
se
rv
e
r.
T
hen,
the
we
b
s
erv
e
r
retu
r
ns
the
HTML
to
t
he
we
b
browser
as
par
t
of a
n HTTP
r
e
sp
onse
6.
TE
STING A
N
D
BU
G F
I
X
Test
ing
te
c
hn
i
qu
e
inclu
de
d
t
he
process
of
execu
ti
ng
t
he
app
li
cat
io
n
wit
h
the
intent
of
fin
ding
bu
gs
(errors
or
ot
her
de
fects).
It
i
nvol
ved
exec
uti
on
of
t
he
m
os
t
i
m
po
rtant
a
ppli
cat
ion
c
om
po
nen
ts
to
e
valua
te
t
h
e
pro
per
ti
es
of
in
te
rest.
Am
on
g
the
seve
ral
te
sti
ng
m
et
ho
ds
Wh
it
e
-
box
te
st
ing
wa
s
prefe
rred.
Wh
it
e
-
box
te
sti
ng
al
so
kn
own
as
cl
ear
box
te
s
ti
ng
,
te
sts
inte
rn
al
str
uc
tu
res
or
wor
kings
of
a
pro
gr
am
,
as
oppose
d
to
the
functi
onal
it
y
e
xpos
e
d
to
the
end
us
er
.
In
w
hite
box
te
sti
ng
an
inter
nal
pe
rsp
ect
ive
of
t
h
e
syst
e
m
as
well
as
pro
gr
am
m
ing
s
kill
s
are
us
e
d
t
o
de
sig
n
te
st
cases.
T
he
te
ste
r
ch
ooses
in
puts
to
exe
rcise
pa
ths
th
rou
gh
t
he
code
and
determ
ine the appro
pr
ia
te
o
ut
pu
ts
. Th
is i
s an
al
og
ou
s t
o t
est
ing
no
des
i
n
a circ
uit. Based on th
e
abo
ve
test
,
it
can
sta
te
d
th
at
the
propose
d
we
b
a
ppli
cat
ion
is
pe
rf
ect
ly
work
i
ng.
T
he
r
e
we
re
few
bu
gs
la
te
r
fi
xed
a
nd
no
w
it
is
a
fu
ll
fu
nc
ti
on
in
g
w
e
bs
it
e.
To
ensure
d
the
secur
it
y
is
su
es,
cry
ptogr
aph
ic
has
h
f
unct
ion
s
li
ke
SHA
-
2
is
u
se
d durin
g
th
e i
m
ple
m
entat
i
on
of t
he
f
un
ct
ion
s
w
he
re th
e
app
li
cat
io
n
as
ks t
he use
r
f
or a
pass
word.
7.
CONCL
US
I
O
N
E
-
Com
m
erce
has
trave
rse
d
the
li
fe
sty
le
s
entirel
y
by
prov
i
ding
easy
purc
hasin
g
opti
on
s
with
out
go
i
ng
ou
t.
T
he
sel
le
r
can
read
il
y
sta
rt
on
li
ne
bu
sin
ess
with
the
help
of
e
-
com
m
erce
app
li
cat
ion
de
vel
op
m
ent
and
web
de
velop
m
ent so
luti
ons.
It is one of
the ch
ea
pest m
eans of
doin
g bu
si
ness by prov
i
ding pro
m
otion
s to
pro
du
ct
s
an
d
s
erv
ic
es
with
le
ss
co
st
with
out
tim
e
bar
rie
r
s.
An
interact
iv
e,
us
e
r
fr
ie
nd
l
an
d
sec
ured
we
bsi
te
is
gen
e
rated
for o
nline s
hoppin
g.
REFERE
NCE
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nj
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m
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“
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