I
n
d
on
e
s
i
an
Jo
u
r
n
al
o
f
El
e
c
t
r
i
c
al
En
gi
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
an
d
C
o
m
p
u
te
r
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
V
o
l
.
22
,
N
o
.
2
,
M
a
y
2021
,
pp
.
9
97
~
1005
IS
S
N
:
25
02
-
4752
,
D
O
I
:
10.
1
1591
/
i
j
e
e
c
s
.
v
22
.i
2
.
pp
997
-
1005
๏ฒ
997
Jou
r
n
al
h
o
m
e
pa
ge
:
ht
t
p:
/
/
i
j
e
e
c
s
.
i
a
e
s
c
or
e
.
c
om
A
n
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
q
u
a
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
e
q
u
a
t
i
o
n
o
n
t
h
e
q
u
a
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
m
e
t
h
o
d
s f
o
r
u
n
c
o
n
st
r
a
i
n
e
d
o
p
t
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
s
B
as
i
m
A
.
H
as
s
an
1
,
K
an
i
k
ar
M
u
an
gc
h
o
o
2
,
F
ad
h
i
l
A
l
fa
r
ag
3
,
A
b
d
u
l
k
a
r
i
m
H
as
s
an
I
b
r
ah
i
m
4
A
u
w
al
B
a
l
a
A
b
u
b
ak
ar
5
1
D
e
pa
r
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
M
a
t
h
e
m
a
t
i
c
s
,
C
o
l
l
e
g
e
o
f
C
o
m
put
e
r
s
S
c
i
e
nc
e
s
a
nd
M
a
t
he
m
a
t
i
c
s
,
U
ni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
o
f
M
o
s
ul
,
I
r
a
q
2
F
a
c
ul
t
y
of
S
c
i
e
nc
e
a
nd
T
e
c
hno
l
o
gy
,
R
a
j
a
m
a
ng
a
l
a
U
ni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
o
f
T
e
c
hno
l
ogy
P
hr
a
N
a
kho
n
(
R
M
U
T
P
)
,
T
h
a
i
l
a
n
d
3
S
c
hoo
l
o
f
m
a
t
he
m
a
t
i
c
s
,
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
of
B
i
r
m
i
ng
ha
m
,
U
ni
t
e
d
K
i
ng
do
m
4
D
e
pa
r
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
M
a
t
h
e
m
a
t
i
c
s
,
F
a
c
ul
t
y
o
f
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
,
K
i
ng
M
o
ng
kut
โ
s
U
ni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
o
f
T
e
c
hno
l
ogy
T
ho
nbur
i
(
K
M
U
T
T
)
,
B
a
ng
ko
k,
T
h
a
i
l
a
n
d
5
D
e
pa
r
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
M
a
t
h
e
m
a
t
i
c
a
l
S
c
i
e
nc
e
s
,
F
a
c
ul
t
y
o
f
P
h
y
s
i
c
a
l
S
c
i
e
nc
e
s
,
B
a
y
e
r
o
U
ni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
,
K
a
no
,
K
a
no
,
N
i
g
e
r
i
a
5
D
e
pa
r
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
M
a
t
h
e
m
a
t
i
c
s
a
nd
A
ppl
i
e
d
M
a
t
he
m
a
t
i
c
s
,
S
e
f
a
ko
M
a
kg
a
t
ho
H
e
a
l
t
h
S
c
i
e
nc
e
s
U
ni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
,
G
a
-
R
a
nk
uw
a
,
P
r
e
t
o
r
i
a
,
M
e
dun
s
a
-
020
4,
S
o
ut
h
A
f
r
i
c
a
A
r
ti
c
l
e
I
n
fo
A
B
S
TR
A
C
T
Ar
t
i
c
l
e
h
i
s
t
or
y
:
R
e
c
e
i
v
e
d
D
e
c
4
,
2020
R
e
v
i
s
e
d
M
a
r
1
7
,
20
2
1
A
c
c
e
pt
e
d
A
p
r
6
,
202
1
Q
ua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
m
e
t
ho
ds
a
r
e
a
c
l
a
s
s
o
f
num
e
r
i
c
a
l
m
e
t
ho
ds
f
o
r
s
o
l
v
i
ng
t
he
p
r
o
bl
e
m
o
f
unc
o
ns
t
r
a
i
ne
d
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n.
T
o
i
m
pr
o
v
e
t
he
o
v
e
r
a
l
l
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
nc
y
of
r
e
s
ul
t
i
ng
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
hm
s
,
w
e
us
e
t
he
qu
a
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
m
e
t
ho
ds
w
hi
c
h
i
s
i
nt
e
r
e
s
t
i
ng
f
o
r
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
e
qua
t
i
o
n.
I
n
t
hi
s
m
a
nus
c
r
i
pt
,
w
e
pr
e
s
e
nt
a
m
o
di
f
i
e
d
B
F
G
S
upda
t
e
f
o
r
m
ul
a
ba
s
e
d
o
n
t
h
e
ne
w
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
e
qua
t
i
o
n
,
w
hi
c
h
g
i
v
e
a
ne
w
s
e
a
r
c
h
di
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
f
o
r
s
o
l
v
i
ng
unc
o
ns
t
r
a
i
n
e
d
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
ns
p
r
o
pl
e
m
s
.
W
e
a
na
l
y
s
e
t
he
c
o
n
v
e
r
g
e
nc
e
r
a
t
e
o
f
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
m
e
t
ho
d
und
e
r
s
o
m
e
m
i
l
d
c
o
ndi
t
i
o
n.
N
um
e
r
i
c
a
l
e
xp
e
r
i
m
e
n
t
s
a
r
e
c
o
nduc
t
e
d
t
o
de
m
o
ns
t
r
a
t
e
t
he
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
nc
y
o
f
ne
w
m
e
t
ho
ds
us
i
ng
s
o
m
e
t
e
s
t
p
r
o
bl
e
m
s
.
T
he
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
i
ndi
c
a
t
e
s
t
ha
t
t
he
pr
o
po
s
e
d
m
e
t
ho
d
i
s
c
o
m
pe
t
i
t
i
v
e
c
o
m
pa
r
e
d
t
o
t
he
B
F
G
S
m
e
t
ho
ds
a
s
i
t
y
i
e
l
de
d
f
e
w
e
r
i
t
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
nd
f
e
w
e
r
f
unc
t
i
o
n
e
v
a
l
ua
t
i
o
ns
.
Ke
y
w
or
ds
:
G
l
o
b
a
l
c
o
n
v
e
r
ge
n
c
e
p
r
o
pe
r
t
y
N
um
e
ri
c
a
l
e
xpe
ri
m
e
n
t
s
Qu
a
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
e
qua
t
i
o
n
U
n
c
o
n
s
t
ra
i
n
e
d
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
s
T
hi
s
i
s
an
ope
n
ac
c
e
s
s
ar
t
i
c
l
e
u
nde
r
t
he
C
C
B
Y
-
SA
l
i
c
e
ns
e
.
Cor
r
e
s
pon
di
n
g
Au
t
h
or
:
K
a
n
i
k
a
r
M
ua
n
gc
h
o
o
F
a
c
ul
t
y
of
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
T
e
c
hn
o
l
o
g
y
Ra
j
a
m
a
n
g
a
l
a
U
ni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
of
T
e
c
hn
o
l
o
g
y
P
h
ra
N
a
k
h
o
n
(R
M
U
T
P
)
1381,
P
r
a
c
ha
r
a
t
1
R
o
a
d,
W
o
n
gs
a
w
a
n
g
,
B
a
ng
S
ue
,
B
a
n
gko
k
1
0800
T
h
a
i
l
a
n
d
E
m
a
i
l
:
ka
ni
ka
r.
m
@
rm
u
t
p.
a
c
.
t
h
1.
I
N
TR
O
D
U
C
TI
O
N
Q
ua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
m
e
t
h
o
d
i
s
o
n
e
of
t
h
e
m
a
i
n
it
e
r
a
t
i
ve
m
e
t
h
o
ds
de
s
i
g
n
e
d
t
o
s
o
l
v
e
un
c
o
n
s
t
ra
i
n
e
d
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
p
r
o
b
l
e
m
[1]
.
T
h
e
m
e
t
h
o
d
h
a
s
t
h
e
(1)
.
n
R
x
,
)
(
๏
x
f
M
i
n
(1)
w
h
e
r
e
,
:
R
R
f
n
๏ฎ
i
s
s
m
o
o
t
h
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n.
M
o
r
e
de
t
a
i
l
s
c
a
n
b
e
f
o
un
d
i
n
[
2].
T
h
e
i
t
e
ra
t
i
ve
m
e
t
h
o
d
t
a
ke
s
t
h
e
(
2).
k
k
k
k
d
x
x
๏ก
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
1
(2)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
๏ฒ
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
In
do
n
e
s
i
a
n
J
E
l
e
c
E
ng
&
Co
m
p
S
c
i
,
V
o
l
.
22
,
N
o
.
2
,
M
a
y
202
1
:
997
-
10
05
998
w
h
e
r
e
k
๏ก
i
s
t
h
e
p
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
de
t
e
r
m
i
n
e
d
by
e
xa
c
t
l
i
n
e
-
s
e
a
r
c
h
a
s
.
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
Qd
d
d
g
๏ญ
๏ฝ
๏ก
(3)
M
o
r
e
de
t
a
i
l
s
c
a
n
b
e
f
o
un
d
i
n
[3]
.
T
h
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
di
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
k
d
ge
n
e
ra
t
e
d
b
y
.
0
๏ฝ
๏ซ
k
k
k
g
d
B
(4)
w
h
e
r
e
k
B
i
s
a
n
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
H
e
s
s
i
a
n
m
a
t
ri
x
[4]
.
I
n
t
h
i
s
m
a
n
us
c
ri
pt
,
w
e
pa
y
a
t
t
e
n
t
i
o
n
t
o
t
h
e
B
F
G
S
m
e
t
h
o
d
i
n
w
h
i
c
h
k
B
i
s
up
da
t
e
d
by
(5).
k
T
k
T
k
k
k
k
T
k
T
k
T
k
k
k
k
B
F
G
S
k
y
s
y
y
s
B
s
B
s
s
B
B
B
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
1
(5)
w
h
e
r
e
k
k
k
k
k
d
x
x
s
๏ก
๏ฝ
๏ญ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
1
a
n
d
k
k
k
g
g
y
๏ญ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
1
.
Co
n
s
i
de
r
k
H
be
t
h
e
i
n
v
e
r
s
e
of
k
B
.
S
ur
e
l
y
,
t
h
e
(5)
upda
t
e
c
a
n
b
e
w
r
i
t
t
e
n
a
s
(6)
.
k
T
k
T
k
k
k
T
k
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
B
F
G
S
k
y
s
s
s
y
s
y
H
y
y
s
H
y
s
s
y
H
H
H
๏บ
๏ป
๏น
๏ช
๏ซ
๏ฉ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
1
1
(6)
T
o
t
h
e
b
e
s
t
of
o
ur
kn
o
w
l
e
dge
t
h
e
B
F
G
S
m
e
t
h
o
d
m
a
y
f
a
i
l
t
o
c
o
n
v
e
r
ge
by
us
i
n
g
W
o
l
f
e
l
i
n
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
f
o
r
n
o
n
-
c
o
n
v
e
x
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
a
l
s
o
by
u
s
i
n
g
w
i
t
h
e
xa
c
t
l
i
n
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
c
o
n
s
t
r
uc
t
e
d
D
a
i
[
2]
a
n
d
M
a
s
c
a
r
e
nha
s
[5]
.
T
o
de
f
e
a
t
(r
e
m
e
d
y
)
t
h
i
s
c
a
s
e
,
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
e
qua
t
i
o
n
ha
s
be
e
n
m
o
di
f
i
e
d
i
n
s
o
m
e
w
a
y
o
r
o
t
h
e
r
c
a
n
b
e
s
e
e
n
s
o
m
e
fo
r
m
ul
a
s
a
m
o
n
g
o
t
h
e
r
s
a
s
.
A
u
t
h
o
r
(s
)
QN
โ
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
s
Re
fe
r
e
n
c
e
s
W
e
i
,
L
i
,
a
n
d
Q
i
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
s
s
g
g
f
f
y
y
s
B
๏ต
๏ต
)
(
)
(
2
1
1
~
1
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
[6
]
Bi
g
l
a
r
i
,
H
a
s
s
a
n
,
a
n
d
L
e
o
n
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
s
s
g
g
f
f
y
y
s
B
๏ต
๏ต
)
(
2
)
(
4
1
1
~
1
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
[7
]
Ch
e
n
,
D
e
n
g
,
a
n
d
.
Z
h
a
n
g
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
s
s
g
g
f
f
y
y
s
B
๏ต
๏ต
)
(
3
)
(
6
1
1
~
1
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
[8
]
Ba
s
i
m
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
s
s
g
f
f
y
y
s
B
๏ต
๏ต
)
(
2
/
1
)
(
2
1
1
1
~
1
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ฝ
[9
]
Ba
s
i
m
a
n
d
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
k
s
s
g
y
y
s
B
๏ต
๏ต
1
~
1
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ฝ
๏ฝ
[1
0
]
Ba
s
i
m
a
n
d
G
h
a
d
a
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
s
y
s
f
f
y
y
s
B
๏ต
๏ต
๏ญ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
๏ซ
)
(
2
1
~
1
[1
1
]
w
h
e
r
e
k
๏ต
i
s
a
n
y
v
e
c
t
o
r
s
a
t
i
s
fy
i
n
g
0
๏น
k
T
k
s
๏ต
.
I
n
[12
],
a
ge
n
e
r
a
l
f
ra
m
e
w
o
r
k
o
f
m
o
di
f
i
e
d
m
e
t
h
o
ds
i
s
p
r
o
po
s
e
d
t
o
s
o
l
v
e
n
o
n
-
c
o
n
v
e
x
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
p
r
o
b
l
e
m
s
.
T
h
us
t
h
e
m
o
di
fy
i
n
g
m
e
t
h
o
ds
c
a
n
gu
a
r
a
nt
e
e
t
h
e
upd
a
t
e
d
m
a
t
r
i
x
i
s
po
s
i
t
i
v
e
de
f
i
n
i
t
e
w
h
i
c
h
gua
ra
nt
e
e
s
a
de
s
c
e
n
t
di
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
.
T
h
e
c
o
n
ve
r
ge
nt
p
r
o
pe
r
t
i
e
s
a
r
e
a
l
s
o
e
s
t
a
b
l
i
s
h
e
d
a
n
d
ge
n
e
ra
t
e
d
m
o
r
e
a
c
c
ura
t
e
s
e
c
o
n
d
-
o
r
de
r
c
ur
v
a
t
u
r
e
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
s
t
ha
n
t
h
e
us
u
a
l
qu
a
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
upd
a
t
e
s
do
.
T
h
e
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
e
qua
t
i
o
n
pl
a
y
s
a
n
i
m
po
r
t
a
nt
r
o
l
e
,
o
n
s
t
ud
i
e
s
s
o
m
e
of
t
h
e
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
m
e
t
h
o
ds
.
In
t
hi
s
pa
pe
r,
w
e
pr
o
p
o
s
e
a
m
o
di
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
t
o
t
h
e
h
e
s
s
i
a
n
m
a
t
ri
x
B
k
r
e
s
ul
t
i
ng
i
n
a
n
e
w
qua
s
i
-
n
e
w
t
o
n
m
e
t
h
o
d
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
n
e
w
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
e
qua
t
i
o
n.
T
h
e
p
r
o
po
s
e
d
m
e
t
h
o
d
c
a
n
gua
ra
nt
e
e
t
ha
t
t
h
e
upd
a
t
e
d
m
a
t
r
i
x
i
s
po
s
i
t
i
v
e
de
f
i
n
i
t
e
w
h
i
c
h
gua
ra
nt
e
e
s
a
de
s
c
e
n
t
di
r
e
c
t
i
o
n.
T
h
e
c
o
n
v
e
r
ge
n
t
p
r
o
pe
rt
i
e
s
a
r
e
a
l
s
o
e
s
t
a
b
l
i
s
h
e
d.
M
o
r
e
s
o
t
h
e
pr
o
po
s
e
d
m
e
t
h
o
d
ge
n
e
ra
t
e
s
a
m
o
r
e
a
c
c
ur
a
t
e
s
e
c
o
n
d
-
o
r
de
r
c
ur
v
a
t
u
r
e
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
s
t
h
a
n
t
h
e
us
ua
l
qu
a
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
upd
a
t
e
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
do
n
e
s
i
a
n
J
E
l
e
c
E
ng
&
Co
m
p
S
c
i
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
๏ฒ
A
n
i
m
pr
ov
e
d
quas
i
-
Ne
w
t
on
e
q
uat
i
on
on
t
h
e
qu
as
i
-
N
e
w
t
on
m
e
t
hods
f
or
un
c
ons
t
r
a
i
ne
d
โฆ
(
B
as
i
m
A
.
H
as
s
an
)
999
2.
D
ER
I
V
I
N
G
TH
E
N
E
W
Q
U
A
S
I
-
N
EWT
O
N
E
Q
U
A
TI
O
N
Z
a
hra
a
n
d
A
l
i
[13]
p
r
o
po
s
e
a
t
y
pe
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
e
qua
t
i
o
n
of
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
m
e
t
h
o
ds
a
n
d
ge
n
e
ra
t
e
s
e
v
e
r
a
l
Q
N
d
i
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
s
,
a
s
(7)
.
๏ป
๏ฝ
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
s
s
g
g
f
f
y
y
s
x
f
๏ต
๏ต
0
,
)
(
)
(
2
m
a
x
3
5
)
(
1
1
~
1
2
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ฝ
๏
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
(7)
F
o
r
m
o
r
e
de
t
a
i
l
s
c
a
n
b
e
f
o
un
d
i
n
[1
3].
S
o
w
e
w
i
l
l
de
ri
v
i
n
g
qu
a
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
e
qua
t
i
o
n
m
o
t
i
v
a
t
e
d
by
q
ua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
(7)
.
N
o
w
m
ul
t
i
pl
y
i
n
g
i
t
by
T
k
s
,
w
e
ha
v
e
.
๏ป
๏ฝ
k
T
k
k
k
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
T
k
s
g
g
f
f
y
s
y
s
s
x
f
s
)
(
)
(
2
3
5
)
(
1
1
~
1
2
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ฝ
๏
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
(8)
w
e
c
a
n
w
r
i
t
e
:
k
T
k
k
k
k
k
T
k
k
k
T
k
s
g
g
f
f
y
s
s
x
f
s
)
(
)
(
2
5
3
)
(
5
3
1
1
1
2
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
(9)
N
ow
,
f
r
o
m
(3)
a
nd
(
9),
w
e
ob
t
a
i
n
.
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
k
T
k
k
k
T
k
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
k
T
k
k
k
T
k
s
g
s
g
g
f
f
y
s
s
x
f
s
s
x
f
s
s
g
g
f
f
y
s
s
x
f
s
5
2
)
(
)
(
2
5
3
)
(
)
(
5
2
)
(
)
(
2
5
3
)
(
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏
๏
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
(10)
F
r
o
m
(
10)
w
e
ge
t
.
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
T
k
k
k
T
k
s
g
s
g
f
f
y
s
s
x
f
s
5
3
)
(
2
5
3
)
(
1
1
1
2
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
(11)
Co
n
s
i
de
r
1
๏ซ
k
B
i
s
a
n
a
p
p
r
o
xi
m
a
t
e
o
f
t
h
e
H
e
s
s
i
a
n
m
a
t
ri
x
)
(
1
2
๏ซ
๏
k
x
f
o
f
t
h
e
)
(
k
x
f
.
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
T
k
k
k
T
k
s
g
s
g
f
f
y
s
s
B
s
5
3
)
(
2
5
3
1
1
1
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
(12)
T
h
i
s
gi
v
e
s
a
n
e
w
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
e
qua
t
i
o
n
i
n
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
.
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
s
s
g
s
g
f
f
y
y
s
B
๏ต
๏ต
5
/
3
)
(
2
5
3
1
1
*
1
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
(13)
w
h
e
r
e
k
๏ต
i
s
a
n
y
ve
c
t
o
r
s
a
t
i
s
fy
i
n
g
0
๏น
k
T
k
s
๏ต
.
M
o
t
i
v
a
t
e
d
by
t
h
e
i
de
a
o
f
Z
a
hra
a
nd
A
l
i
[8]
,
w
e
pr
o
po
s
e
a
m
o
di
f
i
e
d
a
b
ov
e
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
e
qu
a
t
i
o
n
,
w
e
ge
t
a
s
.
๏ป
๏ฝ
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
s
s
g
s
g
f
f
y
y
s
B
๏ต
๏ต
5
/
3
)
(
2
m
a
x
5
3
1
1
*
1
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
(14)
O
bv
i
o
us
l
y
t
w
o
c
h
o
i
c
e
s
fo
r
k
๏ต
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
m
put
e
d
a
s
.
1.
F
i
r
s
t
c
a
s
e
1
๏ซ
๏ฝ
k
k
g
๏ต
g
i
v
e
s
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
๏ฒ
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
In
do
n
e
s
i
a
n
J
E
l
e
c
E
ng
&
Co
m
p
S
c
i
,
V
o
l
.
22
,
N
o
.
2
,
M
a
y
202
1
:
997
-
10
05
1000
๏ป
๏ฝ
1
1
1
1
*
1
5
/
3
)
(
2
m
a
x
5
3
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ฝ
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
g
g
s
s
g
s
g
f
f
y
y
s
B
(15)
2.
S
e
c
o
n
d
c
a
s
e
k
k
y
๏ฝ
๏ต
gi
v
e
s
:
๏ป
๏ฝ
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
y
y
s
s
g
s
g
f
f
y
y
s
B
5
/
3
)
(
2
m
a
x
5
3
1
1
*
1
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
(16)
U
s
i
n
g
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
e
qua
t
i
o
n
i
n
t
h
e
B
F
G
S
upda
t
e
t
o
gi
ve
a
g
o
o
d
r
e
s
ul
t
.
N
o
w
,
w
e
a
r
e
i
n
a
s
i
t
ua
t
i
o
n
t
o
e
xpl
a
i
n
o
u
r
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
i
n
de
t
a
i
l
s
.
S
tage
1.
G
i
v
e
๏ฅ
,
a
i
ni
t
i
a
l
po
i
n
t
n
R
x
๏
0
.
S
e
t
0
๏ฝ
k
.
S
tage
2.
If
po
s
s
i
b
l
e
t
e
s
t
s
a
t
i
s
f
i
e
s
t
h
e
n
s
t
o
p.
S
tage
3.
S
o
l
v
e
k
k
k
g
d
B
๏ญ
๏ฝ
.
S
tage
4.
F
i
n
d
k
๏ก
by
us
i
n
g
t
h
e
f
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g
W
o
l
f
e
c
o
n
di
t
i
o
n
s
:
k
T
k
k
k
k
k
k
d
g
x
f
d
x
f
๏ค๏ก
๏ก
๏ซ
๏ฃ
๏ซ
)
(
)
(
(17A
)
k
T
k
k
k
k
T
k
g
d
d
x
g
d
)
(
๏ณ
๏ก
๏ณ
๏ซ
(17B
)
w
h
e
r
e
1
0
๏ผ
๏ผ
๏ผ
๏ณ
๏ค
.
S
tage
5.
S
e
t
k
k
k
k
d
x
x
๏ก
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
1
.
Co
m
put
e
*
k
y
by
(14
).
If
0
*
๏พ
k
T
k
y
s
,
upda
t
e
1
๏ซ
k
H
by
(6),
o
t
h
e
r
w
i
s
e
l
e
t
k
k
H
H
๏ฝ
๏ซ
1
.
S
e
t
1
๏ซ
๏ฝ
k
k
a
n
d
go
t
o
S
t
e
p
2
.
T
h
e
m
a
j
o
r
w
o
r
k,
w
e
i
nt
r
o
duc
e
t
h
e
po
s
i
t
i
v
e
de
f
i
n
i
t
e
p
r
o
pe
r
t
y
fo
r
t
h
e
n
e
w
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
e
qua
t
i
o
n.
Th
e
o
r
e
m
1.
S
uppo
s
e
t
h
a
t
0
*
๏พ
k
T
k
y
s
.
T
h
e
n
1
๏ซ
k
B
i
s
s
y
m
m
e
t
ri
c
po
s
i
t
i
v
e
de
f
i
n
i
t
e
.
P
r
oo
f.
U
s
i
n
g
de
f
i
ni
t
i
o
n
*
k
y
a
n
d
m
u
l
t
i
pl
y
i
n
g
by
T
k
s
,
w
e
ge
t
:
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
s
g
s
g
f
f
y
s
y
s
5
3
)
(
2
5
3
1
1
*
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
๏ซ
(18)
F
r
o
m
(
19),
(1
7)
a
n
d
(18)
,
w
e
o
b
t
a
i
n
e
d
.
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
s
g
s
g
s
g
s
g
s
g
y
s
๏ณ
๏ณ
๏ณ
๏ณ
๏ค
5
2
5
8
2
5
8
2
*
๏ญ
๏ณ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ณ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ณ
(19)
As
0
๏ผ
๏ฝ
k
T
k
k
k
T
k
g
d
g
s
๏ก
,
t
h
e
n
k
T
k
k
k
T
k
g
d
y
s
๏ณ๏ก
5
/
2
*
๏ญ
๏พ
(20)
D
e
n
o
t
e
t
h
e
r
i
gh
t
s
i
de
pa
r
t
o
f
t
h
e
i
n
e
qua
l
i
t
y
b
y
๏
,
t
h
e
n
o
n
e
h
a
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
do
n
e
s
i
a
n
J
E
l
e
c
E
ng
&
Co
m
p
S
c
i
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
๏ฒ
A
n
i
m
pr
ov
e
d
quas
i
-
Ne
w
t
on
e
q
uat
i
on
on
t
h
e
qu
as
i
-
N
e
w
t
on
m
e
t
hods
f
or
un
c
ons
t
r
a
i
ne
d
โฆ
(
B
as
i
m
A
.
H
as
s
an
)
1001
0
*
๏พ
๏
๏พ
k
T
k
y
s
(21)
S
o
1
๏ซ
k
B
i
s
po
s
i
t
i
v
e
de
f
i
n
i
t
e
.
T
h
o
ugh
t
h
e
0
*
๏พ
k
T
k
y
s
,
do
e
s
n
o
t
h
o
l
d
t
r
ue
f
o
r
n
o
n
-
c
o
n
v
e
x
pr
o
b
l
e
m
s
,
1
๏ซ
k
B
m
a
y
n
o
t
be
p
o
s
i
t
i
ve
de
f
i
n
i
t
e
.
It
s
e
r
v
e
s
a
s
a
us
e
f
ul
c
o
n
di
t
i
o
n
f
o
r
po
s
i
t
i
v
e
de
f
i
n
i
t
e
n
e
s
s
of
t
h
e
upd
a
t
e
s
c
o
n
s
i
de
r
.
,
:
2
*
๏ฏ
๏พ
๏ฏ
๏ฝ
๏ผ
๏ฏ
๏ฎ
๏ฏ
๏ญ
๏ฌ
๏ณ
๏ฝ
๏ค
๏ข
k
k
k
T
k
g
s
y
s
k
K
(22
)
w
h
e
r
e
0
๏พ
๏ข
i
s
c
o
n
s
t
a
n
t
a
nd
0
๏พ
๏ค
i
s
b
o
un
de
d.
3.
C
O
N
V
ER
G
EN
C
E
A
N
A
L
Y
S
I
S
W
e
w
i
l
l
s
t
udy
t
h
e
g
l
o
b
a
l
c
o
n
v
e
r
ge
n
c
e
of
o
ur
m
e
t
h
o
d
.
W
e
n
e
e
d
s
o
m
e
a
s
s
um
pt
i
o
n
s
.
L
e
t
t
h
e
l
e
v
e
l
s
e
t
โ
๏ป
๏ฝ
)
(
)
(
0
x
f
x
f
x
D
๏ฃ
๏ฝ
โ
,
w
i
t
h
0
x
i
s
a
n
i
ni
t
i
a
l
po
i
nt
o
f
i
t
e
ra
t
i
v
e
m
e
t
h
o
d
i
s
r
e
s
t
ri
c
t
e
d.
U
s
i
n
g
L
i
ps
c
h
i
t
z
c
o
n
t
i
nuo
us
;
t
ha
t
i
s
e
xi
s
t
c
o
n
s
t
a
nt
s
L
a
nd
๏ง
,
s
uc
h
t
ha
t
.
D
L
f
f
๏
๏ข
๏ญ
๏ฃ
๏
๏ญ
๏
๏ท
๏ต
๏ท
๏ต
๏ท
๏ต
,
,
)
(
)
(
(23)
a
n
d
,
D
x
x
f
๏
๏ข
๏ฃ
๏
,
)
(
๏ง
(24)
S
i
n
c
e
๏ป
๏ฝ
)
(
k
x
f
i
s
a
n
o
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
i
ng,
w
h
i
c
h
e
n
s
ur
e
s
๏ป
๏ฝ
k
x
i
s
c
o
n
t
a
i
n
e
d
i
n
D
a
n
d
t
h
e
e
xi
s
t
e
n
c
e
o
f
*
x
w
e
h
a
v
e
.
)
(
)
(
lim
*
x
f
x
f
k
k
๏ฝ
๏ฅ
๏ฎ
(25)
M
o
r
e
o
v
e
r
,
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
f
a
c
t
t
h
a
t
s
e
que
n
c
e
k
x
i
s
b
o
un
de
d,
t
h
e
r
e
e
xi
s
t
s
๏ญ
,
s
uc
h
t
h
a
t
,
k
๏ข
.
๏ญ
๏ฃ
๏ซ
๏ฃ
๏ญ
๏ฝ
๏ญ
๏ญ
x
x
x
x
s
k
(26)
M
o
r
e
de
t
a
i
l
s
c
a
n
b
e
f
o
un
d
i
n
[14
]
,
[
15].
P
r
e
s
e
n
t
e
d
t
h
e
us
e
f
ul
t
h
e
o
r
e
m
t
o
pr
o
v
e
t
h
a
t
o
ur
m
e
t
h
o
d
i
s
gl
o
b
a
l
l
y
c
o
n
v
e
r
ge
n
t
.
Th
e
o
r
e
m
2.
If
๏ง
๏ฃ
๏
)
(
x
f
i
s
n
o
t
s
a
t
i
s
f
i
e
s
f
o
r
a
l
l
k
.
L
e
t
๏ป
๏ฝ
k
x
b
e
ge
n
e
r
a
t
e
d
b
y
m
o
di
f
i
e
d
m
e
t
h
o
ds
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
(27)
h
o
l
ds
.
k
k
k
s
a
s
B
1
๏ฃ
a
n
d
2
2
2
k
k
T
k
s
a
s
B
s
๏ณ
,
(27)
w
h
e
r
e
0
1
๏พ
a
a
n
d
0
2
๏พ
a
a
r
e
c
o
n
s
t
a
n
t
s
.
F
o
r
i
n
f
i
n
i
t
e
l
y
,
k
t
h
e
n
w
e
h
a
v
e
.
0
i
n
f
lim
๏ฝ
๏ฅ
๏ฎ
k
k
g
(28)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
๏ฒ
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
In
do
n
e
s
i
a
n
J
E
l
e
c
E
ng
&
Co
m
p
S
c
i
,
V
o
l
.
22
,
N
o
.
2
,
M
a
y
202
1
:
997
-
10
05
1002
P
r
o
o
f
:
B
y
(4)
of
t
h
e
W
o
l
f
e
c
o
n
di
t
i
o
n
s
w
e
o
b
t
a
i
n
.
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
d
g
d
g
g
)
1
(
)
(
1
๏ณ
๏ญ
๏ญ
๏ณ
๏ญ
๏ซ
(29)
B
y
us
i
n
g
L
i
ps
c
h
i
t
z
c
o
n
di
t
i
o
n
w
e
o
b
t
a
i
n
.
k
k
k
T
k
k
d
L
d
g
g
๏ก
๏ฃ
๏ญ
๏ซ
)
(
1
(30)
T
h
i
s
i
m
pl
i
e
s
t
h
a
t
.
L
a
d
L
d
B
d
d
L
d
g
k
k
k
T
k
k
k
T
k
k
2
2
2
)
1
(
)
1
(
)
1
(
๏ณ
๏ณ
๏ณ
๏ก
๏ญ
๏ณ
๏ญ
๏ฝ
๏ญ
๏ญ
๏ณ
(31)
us
i
n
g
(22)
w
e
o
b
t
a
i
n
.
*
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
)
(
lim
)
(
lim
)
(
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
f
k
N
k
k
k
N
k
k
k
๏ญ
๏ฝ
๏ญ
๏ฝ
๏ญ
๏ฝ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฅ
๏ฎ
๏ฅ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
๏ฅ
๏ฎ
๏ฅ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
๏ฅ
๏ฅ
(32)
T
h
e
(32)
i
m
pl
i
e
s
,
)
(
1
1
๏ฅ
๏ซ
๏ฃ
๏ญ
๏ฅ
๏ฅ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
k
k
k
f
f
(33)
T
h
i
s
t
o
ge
t
h
e
r
w
i
t
h
W
o
l
f
e
c
o
n
di
t
i
o
n
(3)
y
i
e
l
ds
.
๏ฅ
๏ซ
๏ฃ
๏ญ
๏ฅ
๏ฅ
๏ฝ
1
k
k
T
k
k
d
g
๏ก
(34
)
T
h
e
n
0
lim
๏ฝ
๏ฅ
๏ฎ
k
T
k
k
k
d
g
๏ก
(35
)
i
n
c
o
o
pe
r
a
t
i
o
n
w
i
t
h
(31)
pr
o
v
i
de
t
h
a
t
.
0
lim
lim
๏ฝ
๏ญ
๏ฝ
๏ฅ
๏ฎ
๏ฅ
๏ฎ
k
T
k
k
k
k
T
k
k
d
g
d
B
d
(36
)
Co
m
b
i
n
i
n
g
(33)
w
i
t
h
(24)
w
e
o
b
t
a
i
n
t
h
e
c
o
n
c
l
us
i
o
n
(25)
.
T
h
e
pr
o
o
f
i
s
f
i
n
i
s
h
e
d.
N
e
v
e
r
t
h
e
l
e
s
s
,
w
e
gi
v
e
t
h
e
l
e
m
m
a
f
o
r
l
a
r
ge
s
c
a
l
e
pr
o
b
l
e
m
s
t
o
s
h
o
w
t
h
e
c
o
n
v
e
r
ge
n
c
e
pr
o
pe
r
t
y
f
o
r
n
e
w
a
l
go
r
i
t
h
m
.
T
h
i
s
l
e
m
m
a
w
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
b
y
P
o
w
e
l
l
[16].
Le
m
m
a
1.
โ
If
B
F
G
S
m
e
t
h
o
d
w
i
t
h
W
o
l
f
e
c
o
n
di
t
i
o
n
i
s
a
ppl
i
e
d
t
o
a
c
o
n
t
i
n
uo
us
l
y
di
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
i
a
b
l
e
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
f
t
h
a
t
i
s
b
o
un
de
d
b
e
l
o
w
,
a
n
d
i
f
t
h
e
r
e
e
xi
s
t
s
a
c
o
n
s
t
a
n
t
M
su
c
h
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
i
n
e
qua
l
i
t
y
h
o
l
ds
.
M
y
s
y
k
T
k
k
๏ฃ
2
(37)
T
h
e
n
,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
do
n
e
s
i
a
n
J
E
l
e
c
E
ng
&
Co
m
p
S
c
i
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
๏ฒ
A
n
i
m
pr
ov
e
d
quas
i
-
Ne
w
t
on
e
q
uat
i
on
on
t
h
e
qu
as
i
-
N
e
w
t
on
m
e
t
hods
f
or
un
c
ons
t
r
a
i
ne
d
โฆ
(
B
as
i
m
A
.
H
as
s
an
)
1003
0
i
n
f
lim
๏ฝ
๏ฅ
๏ฎ
k
k
g
(38)
Th
e
o
r
e
m
3.
L
e
t
๏ป
๏ฝ
k
x
b
e
ge
n
e
r
a
t
e
d
b
y
t
h
e
pr
o
po
s
e
d
m
e
t
h
o
d
a
n
d
k
k
s
๏ฃ
๏ต
๏ฃ
.
T
h
e
n
w
e
h
a
v
e
.
0
i
n
f
lim
๏ฝ
๏ฅ
๏ฎ
k
k
g
(39)
P
r
o
o
f:
U
s
i
n
g
a
c
o
n
t
r
a
di
c
t
i
o
n
m
e
t
h
o
d
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
r
e
e
xi
s
t
s
0
๏พ
๏ฅ
s
uc
h
t
h
a
t
.
๏ฅ
๏พ
k
g
(40)
H
e
n
c
e
,
(2
2
)
i
m
pl
y
t
h
a
t
.
2
2
*
k
k
k
k
T
k
s
s
g
y
s
๏ค
๏ค
๏ข๏ง
๏ข
๏ณ
๏ณ
(41)
B
y
t
h
e
de
f
i
n
i
t
i
o
n
o
f
*
k
y
c
a
n
b
e
w
r
i
t
t
e
n
a
s
.
๏ป
๏ฝ
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
s
g
s
g
f
f
s
y
y
5
/
3
)
(
2
,
0
m
a
x
,
5
3
1
1
*
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ถ
๏ต
๏ต
๏ถ
(42)
S
o
,
f
r
o
m
(24),
w
e
ge
t
.
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
T
k
k
k
k
k
T
k
s
s
Gs
Gs
y
y
๏ต
๏ต
๏ต
๏ถ
๏ต
๏ต
๏ถ
2
2
*
*
)
(
)
(
5
6
)
(
25
9
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
(43)
B
y
s
i
m
pl
e
c
o
m
put
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
us
i
n
g
k
k
s
๏ฃ
๏ต
๏ฃ
,
w
e
o
b
t
a
i
n
,
2
2
2
*
5
3
k
k
k
T
k
k
T
k
k
s
s
s
G
s
y
๏ฎ
๏ต
๏ถ
๏ฃ
๏ฃ
๏ท
๏ท
๏ธ
๏ถ
๏ง
๏ง
๏จ
๏ฆ
๏ซ
๏ฃ
(44)
T
h
e
r
e
f
o
r
e
,
b
y
di
v
i
di
n
g
t
h
e
s
i
de
s
o
f
i
n
e
qua
l
i
t
i
e
2
*
k
y
,
i
n
e
qua
l
i
t
i
e
s
(41)
w
e
o
b
t
a
i
n
.
M
y
s
y
k
T
k
k
๏ฃ
*
2
*
(45)
U
s
i
n
g
l
e
m
m
a
1,
t
o
t
h
e
s
ub
๏ป
๏ฝ
K
k
k
B
๏
,
o
b
v
i
o
us
l
y
,
c
l
e
a
r
l
y
t
h
e
r
e
e
xi
s
t
1
a
a
n
d
2
a
w
e
ge
t
(27)
f
o
r
i
n
f
i
n
i
t
e
l
y
m
a
n
y
k
.
T
h
e
n
t
h
e
o
r
e
m
2.
c
o
m
pl
t
e
s
t
h
e
pr
o
o
f
.
4.
NUM
ER
I
C
A
L
R
EP
O
R
TS
In
t
h
i
s
pa
r
t
,
w
e
de
t
a
i
l
s
r
e
s
ul
t
s
o
f
s
o
m
e
n
um
e
r
i
c
a
l
e
xpe
r
i
m
e
n
t
s
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
n
e
w
m
e
t
h
o
d
a
n
d
a
l
go
r
i
t
h
m
B
F
G
S
.
W
e
c
h
o
o
s
e
30
t
e
s
t
pr
o
b
l
e
m
s
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
di
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
di
m
e
n
s
i
o
n
a
n
d
i
n
i
t
i
a
l
po
i
n
t
s
f
r
o
m
l
i
t
e
r
a
t
ur
e
[17].
S
o
m
e
e
n
l
a
r
ge
m
e
nt
w
a
s
o
b
s
e
r
v
e
d
f
o
r
c
l
a
s
s
f
r
o
m
t
e
s
t
pr
o
b
l
e
m
s
[18
]
-
[
24].
W
e
s
e
t
t
h
e
pa
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
9
.
0
,
1
.
0
2
1
๏ฝ
๏ฝ
๏ณ
๏ณ
a
n
d
5
10
๏ญ
๏ฝ
๏ฅ
i
n
t
h
e
n
um
e
r
i
c
a
l
e
xpe
r
i
m
e
n
t
.
B
y
a
ppl
y
i
n
g
l
a
w
H
i
m
m
e
b
l
a
u
[25],
t
h
e
s
t
o
p
c
r
i
t
e
r
i
o
n
i
s
โ
If
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
๏ฒ
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
In
do
n
e
s
i
a
n
J
E
l
e
c
E
ng
&
Co
m
p
S
c
i
,
V
o
l
.
22
,
N
o
.
2
,
M
a
y
202
1
:
997
-
10
05
1004
,
10
)
(
5
๏ญ
๏พ
k
x
f
l
e
t
;
)
(
/
)
(
)
(
1
1
k
k
k
x
f
x
f
x
f
s
to
p
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ฝ
O
t
h
e
r
w
i
s
e
,
l
e
t
)
(
)
(
1
1
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ฝ
k
k
x
f
x
f
s
to
p
.
F
o
r
e
v
e
r
y
pr
o
b
l
e
m
,
i
f
๏ฅ
๏ผ
k
g
o
r
5
10
1
๏ญ
๏ผ
s
t
o
p
i
s
s
a
t
i
s
f
i
e
d,
t
h
e
pr
o
gr
a
m
w
i
l
l
b
e
s
t
o
ppe
dโ
.
T
h
e
n
um
e
r
i
c
a
l
r
e
s
ul
t
s
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
IN
a
n
d
N
F
,
t
h
e
n
um
b
e
r
o
f
i
t
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
a
n
d
t
h
e
n
um
b
e
r
o
f
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
e
v
a
l
ua
t
i
o
n
s
,
r
e
s
pe
c
t
i
v
e
l
y
.
A
c
o
m
pa
r
i
s
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
a
l
go
r
i
t
h
m
s
i
s
gi
v
e
n
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
t
h
e
pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
pr
o
f
i
l
e
s
o
f
D
o
l
a
n
a
n
d
M
o
r
e
[26].
T
h
e
c
o
m
pa
r
i
s
o
n
i
s
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
N
I
a
n
d
N
F
,
r
e
s
pe
c
t
i
v
e
l
y
.
T
h
e
pl
o
t
s
o
b
t
a
i
n
e
d
v
i
a
t
h
e
D
o
l
a
n
a
n
d
M
o
r
e
pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
pr
o
f
i
l
e
s
i
n
di
c
a
t
e
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
M
2
a
n
d
M
3
m
e
t
h
o
ds
pe
r
f
o
r
m
b
e
t
t
e
r
t
h
a
n
t
h
e
M
1
m
e
t
h
o
d.
T
o
f
a
c
i
l
i
t
a
t
e
t
h
i
s
,
w
e
us
e
d
t
h
e
f
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g
n
o
t
a
t
i
o
n
s
t
o
r
e
pr
e
s
e
n
t
t
h
e
a
l
go
r
i
t
h
m
s
:
M
1.
T
h
i
s
i
s
t
h
e
s
t
a
n
da
r
d
B
F
G
S
m
e
t
h
o
d
de
f
i
n
e
d
b
y
(6).
M
2.
T
h
i
s
i
s
t
h
e
n
e
w
a
l
go
r
i
t
h
m
w
i
t
h
k
k
y
๏ฝ
๏ต
i
s
us
e
d.
M
3.
T
h
i
s
i
s
de
f
i
n
e
d
b
y
(17)
w
i
t
h
us
i
n
g
1
๏ซ
๏ฝ
k
k
g
๏ต
.
F
i
gur
e
1
a
n
d
F
i
gur
e
2
,
w
e
h
a
v
e
f
o
un
d
t
h
a
t
n
e
w
pr
o
po
s
e
d
m
e
t
h
o
ds
b
e
s
t
B
F
G
S
m
e
t
h
o
d
i
n
a
b
o
ut
(17
-
53)%
N
I
a
n
d
(49
-
51)%
N
F
.
T
h
e
n
e
w
m
e
t
h
o
ds
h
a
s
go
o
d
n
um
e
r
i
c
a
l
r
e
s
ul
t
s
.
F
i
gu
r
e
1
.
N
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
i
t
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
p
r
o
f
i
l
e
v
i
a
do
l
a
n
a
n
d
m
o
re
F
i
gu
r
e
2
.
N
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
e
v
a
l
ua
t
i
o
n
p
r
o
f
i
l
e
v
i
a
do
l
a
n
a
n
d
m
o
r
e
p
r
o
f
i
l
e
5.
C
O
N
C
LU
S
I
O
N
S
T
h
e
pa
pe
r
s
t
udi
e
s
t
h
e
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
m
e
t
h
o
d
w
h
i
c
h
i
s
po
pul
a
r
i
n
s
o
l
v
i
n
g
l
a
r
ge
-
s
c
a
l
e
un
c
o
n
s
t
r
a
i
n
e
d
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
.
It
pr
e
s
e
n
t
s
a
n
e
w
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
e
qua
t
i
o
n
f
o
r
gr
a
di
e
n
t
m
e
t
h
o
ds
.
N
um
e
r
i
c
a
l
c
o
m
pa
r
i
s
o
n
s
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
w
e
l
l
-
kn
o
w
n
B
G
G
S
m
e
t
h
o
d
a
r
e
gi
v
e
n
.
In
s
pi
r
e
d
n
e
w
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
v
e
r
y
w
e
l
l
i
n
pr
a
c
t
i
c
e
i
n
c
o
m
pa
r
i
s
o
n
w
i
t
h
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
m
e
t
h
o
ds
.
A
C
K
N
O
WL
ED
G
M
EN
T
T
h
e
f
i
r
s
t
a
ut
h
o
r
is
gr
a
t
e
f
ul
t
o
t
h
e
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
o
f
M
o
s
ul
/
Co
l
l
e
ge
o
f
Co
m
put
e
r
s
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
s
a
n
d
M
a
t
h
e
m
a
t
i
c
s
f
o
r
t
h
e
i
r
pr
o
v
i
de
d
f
a
c
i
l
i
t
i
e
s
,
w
h
i
c
h
h
e
l
pe
d
t
o
i
m
pr
o
v
e
t
h
e
qua
l
i
t
y
o
f
t
h
i
s
w
o
r
k.
T
h
e
s
e
c
o
n
d
a
ut
h
o
r
a
c
kn
o
w
l
e
dge
t
h
e
f
i
n
a
n
c
i
a
l
s
uppo
r
t
o
f
h
e
r
i
n
s
t
i
t
ut
i
o
n
(R
a
j
a
m
a
n
ga
l
a
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
o
f
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
gy
).
T
h
e
l
a
s
t
a
ut
h
o
r
a
c
kn
o
w
l
e
dge
w
i
t
h
t
h
a
n
ks
,
t
h
e
D
e
pa
r
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
M
a
t
h
e
m
a
t
i
c
s
a
n
d
A
ppl
i
e
d
M
a
t
h
e
m
a
t
i
c
s
a
t
t
h
e
S
e
f
a
ko
M
a
kga
t
h
o
H
e
a
l
t
h
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
s
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
.
R
EF
ER
EN
C
ES
[
1]
Y
ua
n
G
.
,
S
h
e
ng
Z
.
,
W
a
ng
B
.
,
H
u
W
.
a
n
d
,
L
i
C
.
,
"
T
he
g
l
o
ba
l
c
o
n
v
e
r
g
e
nc
e
of
a
m
o
di
f
i
e
d
B
F
G
S
m
e
t
ho
d
f
o
r
no
nc
o
nv
e
x
f
unc
t
i
o
ns
,
"
J
ou
r
na
l
o
f
C
om
p
ut
a
t
i
ona
l
a
nd
A
pp
l
i
e
d
M
at
he
m
at
i
c
s
,
v
o
l
.
3
27
,
pp
.
27
4
-
294
,
201
8,
do
i
:
10.
1
016
/
j
.
c
a
m
.
2
017
.
05
.
03
0.
[
2]
D
a
i
Y
,
"
C
o
nv
e
r
g
e
nc
e
pr
o
pe
r
t
i
e
s
o
f
t
he
B
F
G
S
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
hm
,
"
SI
A
M
J
.
O
pt
i
m
.
,
v
o
l
.
13
,
no
.
3
,
pp
.
69
3
-
701
,
201
3,
do
i
:
10.
1
137
/
S
10
5262
3401
3834
55
.
[
3]
N
o
c
e
da
l
,
J
.
a
n
d
W
r
i
g
ht
,
S
.
J
.
,
"
N
um
e
r
i
c
a
l
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
,
"
S
pr
i
ng
e
r
S
e
r
i
e
s
i
n
O
pe
r
a
t
i
o
ns
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
,
2
nd
e
di
t
i
o
n,
S
pr
i
ng
e
r
-
V
e
r
l
a
g
,
N
e
w
Y
o
r
k
,
U
S
A
,
20
06
,
[
4]
Y
ua
n,
G
,
W
e
i
,
Z
,
a
nd
W
u,
Y
,
"
M
o
di
f
i
e
d
l
i
m
i
t
e
d
m
e
m
o
r
y
B
F
G
S
m
e
t
ho
d
w
i
t
h
no
nm
o
no
t
o
ne
l
i
ne
s
e
a
r
c
h
f
o
r
unc
o
ns
t
r
a
i
ne
d
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
,"
J
.
K
or
e
an
M
at
h.
So
c
.
,
v
o
l
.
47
,
no
.
4,
pp
.
767
-
788
,
201
0,
do
i
:
10.
4
134
/
J
K
M
S
.
201
0.
4
7.
4.
7
67
.
0
0
.
5
1
1
.
5
2
2
.
5
3
3
.
5
4
0
0
.
1
0
.
2
0
.
3
0
.
4
0
.
5
0
.
6
0
.
7
0
.
8
0
.
9
1
t
P
(
t
)
.
M1
M2
M3
0
0
.
5
1
1
.
5
2
2
.
5
3
3
.
5
4
0
0
.
1
0
.
2
0
.
3
0
.
4
0
.
5
0
.
6
0
.
7
0
.
8
0
.
9
1
t
P
(
t
)
.
M1
M2
M3
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
do
n
e
s
i
a
n
J
E
l
e
c
E
ng
&
Co
m
p
S
c
i
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
๏ฒ
A
n
i
m
pr
ov
e
d
quas
i
-
Ne
w
t
on
e
q
uat
i
on
on
t
h
e
qu
as
i
-
N
e
w
t
on
m
e
t
hods
f
or
un
c
ons
t
r
a
i
ne
d
โฆ
(
B
as
i
m
A
.
H
as
s
an
)
1005
[
5]
M
a
s
c
a
r
e
n
ha
s
,
W
.
F
.
,
"
T
h
e
B
F
G
S
m
e
t
ho
d
w
i
t
h
e
xa
c
t
l
i
n
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
f
a
i
l
s
f
o
r
no
n
-
c
o
n
v
e
x
o
bj
e
c
t
i
v
e
f
unc
t
i
o
ns
,
"
M
a
t
he
m
at
i
c
a
l
P
r
og
r
am
m
i
ng
,
v
o
l
.
99
,
pp.
49
-
61
,
20
04
,
do
i
:
10
.
100
7
/
s
10
107
-
00
3
-
0421
-
7.
[
6]
W
e
i
Z
.
,
L
i
G
.
,
a
n
d
Q
i
L
.
,
"
N
e
w
q
ua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
m
e
t
ho
ds
f
o
r
unc
ons
t
r
a
i
ne
d
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
,
"
A
pp
l
.
M
at
h
.
C
om
put
.
,
175
,
pp
.
1156
-
11
88
,
2
006
,
do
i
:
10.
10
16/
j
.
a
m
c
.
20
05.
08
.
027
.
[
7]
B
i
g
l
a
r
i
F
.
,
H
a
s
s
a
n
M
.
A
.
,
a
n
d
L
e
o
ng
W
.
J
.
,
"
N
e
w
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
m
e
t
ho
ds
v
i
a
h
i
g
he
r
-
o
r
de
r
t
e
n
s
o
r
m
o
de
l
s
,
"
J
.
C
om
put
.
A
pp
l
.
M
a
t
h.
,
v
o
l
.
2
35,
no
.
8
,
pp.
2
412
-
242
215
,
2011
,
do
i
:
10.
1
016
/
j
.
c
a
m
.
2
010
.
10
.
04
1.
[
8]
C
h
e
n
L
.
H
.
,
D
e
ng
N
.
Y
.
,
a
nd
.
Z
h
a
ng
J
.
Z
.
,
"
A
m
o
d
i
f
i
e
d
qu
a
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
m
e
t
ho
d
f
o
r
s
t
r
uc
t
u
r
e
d
o
p
t
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
w
i
t
h
pa
r
t
i
a
l
i
nf
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
o
n
t
he
H
e
s
s
i
a
n
,
"
C
om
p
u
t
.
O
p
t
i
m
.
A
p
p
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
3
5
,
no
.
1
,
p
p
.
5
-
18
,
20
0
6
,
do
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
07
/
s
10
5
8
9
-
0
06
-
6
44
0
-
6.
[
9]
B
a
s
i
m
A
.
H
a
s
s
a
n
,
"
A
ne
w
t
y
pe
o
f
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
u
pda
t
i
ng
f
o
r
m
ul
a
s
ba
s
e
d
o
n
t
he
ne
w
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
e
qu
a
t
i
o
n,
"
A
m
e
r
i
c
an
I
ns
t
i
t
u
t
e
of
M
a
t
he
m
at
i
c
a
l
Sc
i
e
nc
e
s
,
v
o
l
.
10
,
no
.
2,
pp
.
22
7
-
235
,
201
9,
do
i
:
10.
3
934
/
na
c
o
.
201
9049
.
[
10]
B
a
s
i
m
A
.
H
a
s
s
a
n
a
nd
G
ha
da
M
.
,
"
A
ne
w
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
e
qu
a
t
i
o
n
o
n
t
he
g
r
a
di
e
n
t
m
e
t
ho
ds
f
o
r
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
m
i
ni
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
pr
o
bl
e
m
,
"
I
nd
one
s
i
a
n
J
ou
r
na
l
o
f
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
E
ng
i
ne
e
r
i
ng
and
C
om
put
e
r
S
c
i
e
nc
e
(
I
J
E
E
C
S)
,
v
o
l
.
19,
no
.
2
,
pp.
7
37
-
744
,
2020
,
do
i
:
10.
1
1591
/
i
j
e
e
c
s
.
v
19
.
i
2
.
pp
737
-
74
4.
[
11]
B
a
s
i
m
A
.
H
a
s
s
a
n
a
nd
M
o
ha
m
m
e
d
W
.
T
.
,
"
A
ne
w
v
a
r
i
a
n
t
s
o
f
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
e
qu
a
t
i
o
n
ba
s
e
d
o
n
t
he
qua
d
r
a
t
i
c
f
unc
t
i
o
n
f
o
r
unc
o
ns
t
r
a
i
n
e
d
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
,
"
I
n
done
s
i
an
J
ou
r
na
l
o
f
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
al
E
ng
i
ne
e
r
i
ng
and
C
om
p
ut
e
r
Sc
i
e
nc
e
(
I
J
E
E
C
S)
,
v
o
l
.
19
,
no
.
2,
pp
.
701
-
70
8
,
do
i
:
10.
1159
1/
i
j
e
e
c
s
.
v
19.
i
2.
p
p701
-
708
.
[
12]
P
o
w
e
l
l
M
.
J
.
D
.
,
"
A
l
g
o
r
i
t
hm
s
f
o
r
no
nl
i
ne
a
r
c
o
ns
t
r
a
i
n
t
s
t
h
a
t
us
e
l
a
g
r
a
ng
i
a
n
f
unc
t
i
o
ns
,
'
'
M
at
h.
P
r
ogr
am
.
,
v
o
l
.
14,
no
.
1
,
pp.
2
24
-
248
,
do
i
:
10.
100
7/
B
F
0158
8967
.
[
13]
Z
a
hr
a
K
.
a
nd
A
l
i
A
.
,
"
A
ne
w
m
o
di
f
i
e
d
s
c
a
l
e
d
c
o
nj
ug
a
t
e
g
r
a
di
e
nt
m
e
t
ho
d
f
o
r
l
a
r
g
e
-
s
c
a
l
e
unc
o
ns
t
r
a
i
ne
d
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
w
i
t
h
no
n
-
c
o
n
v
e
x
o
bj
e
c
t
i
v
e
f
unc
t
i
o
n
,"
O
pt
i
m
i
z
at
i
on
M
e
t
ho
ds
and
S
of
t
w
ar
e
,
v
o
l
.
34
,
no
.
4
,
pp
.
783
-
796
,
20
19,
do
i
:
10.
1
080
/
105
5678
8.
2018
.
1
4571
52.
[
14]
W
e
i
Z
.
,
G
.
Y
u
,
G
.
Y
u
a
n
,
a
nd
Z
.
L
i
a
n
,
"
T
h
e
s
upe
r
l
i
n
e
a
r
c
o
nv
e
r
g
e
nc
e
o
f
a
m
o
di
f
i
e
d
B
F
G
S
-
t
y
pe
m
e
t
ho
d
f
o
r
unc
o
ns
t
r
a
i
ne
d
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n,
"
C
om
pu
t
.
O
p
t
i
m
.
A
pp
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
29,
pp.
315
-
33
2
,
2004
,
do
i
:
10.
1
023
/
B
:
C
O
A
P
.
000004
4184
.
2
5410
.
39
.
[
15]
X
i
a
o
w
e
i
F
.
,
Q
i
n
N
.
a
n
d
M
e
i
l
a
n
Z
.
,
"
A
m
o
di
f
i
e
d
qua
s
i
-
N
e
w
t
o
n
m
e
t
ho
d
f
o
r
no
nl
i
ne
a
r
e
qu
a
t
i
o
n,
"
J
ou
r
na
l
of
C
om
put
at
i
ona
l
and
A
p
pl
i
e
d
M
a
t
he
m
at
i
c
s
,
v
o
l
.
32
8,
pp
.
44
-
58
,
201
8
,
do
i
:
10.
101
6/
j
.
c
a
m
.
201
7.
06.
024
.
[
16]
P
o
w
e
l
l
M
.
J
.
D
,
"
S
o
m
e
g
l
o
ba
l
c
o
nv
e
r
g
e
nc
e
pr
o
pe
r
t
i
e
s
o
f
a
v
a
r
i
a
bl
e
m
e
t
r
i
c
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
hm
f
o
r
m
i
ni
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
w
i
t
ho
ut
e
xa
c
t
l
i
n
e
s
e
a
r
c
he
s
,
"
N
onl
i
ne
ar
P
r
ogr
am
m
i
n
g,
S
I
A
M
-
A
M
S
P
r
oc
e
e
di
ngs
,
L
e
m
ke
,
e
ds
.
,
S
I
A
M
,
197
6,
pp
.
53
-
72
.
[
17]
M
o
r
e
J
.
,
G
a
r
bo
w
B
.
,
a
nd
H
i
l
l
s
t
r
o
m
e
K
.
,
"
T
e
s
t
i
ng
unc
o
ns
t
r
a
i
ne
d
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
s
o
f
t
w
a
r
e
,
"
A
C
M
T
r
ans
.
M
a
t
h
.
Sof
t
w
ar
e
,
v
o
l
.
7,
pp
.
17
-
41
,
1981
,
do
i
:
10.
1
145
/
355
934
.
35
5936
.
[
18]
B
a
s
i
m
A
.
H
a
s
s
a
n,
"
A
g
l
o
ba
l
l
y
c
o
n
v
e
r
g
e
nc
e
s
pe
c
t
r
a
l
c
o
nj
ug
a
t
e
g
r
a
di
e
n
t
m
e
t
ho
d
f
o
r
s
o
l
v
i
ng
unc
o
ns
t
r
a
i
n
e
d
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
,
"
R
af
.
J
.
of
C
om
p.
&
M
at
h
โ
s
.
,
v
o
l
.
10,
n
o
.
4,
pp
.
21
-
28
,
2
013
,
do
i
:
10.
3
3899
/
c
s
m
j
.
20
13.
1635
43
.
[
19]
B
a
s
i
m
A
.
H
a
s
s
a
n
,
"
D
e
v
e
l
o
pm
e
n
t
a
s
pe
c
i
a
l
c
o
nj
ug
a
t
e
g
r
a
di
e
nt
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
hm
f
o
r
s
o
l
v
i
ng
unc
o
ns
t
r
a
i
n
e
d
m
i
ni
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
,
"
R
af
.
J
.
o
f
C
om
p
.
&
M
at
hโ
s
.,
v
o
l
.
9
,
no
.
1
,
pp
.
73
-
84
,
2
01
2,
do
i
:
10.
33
899
/
c
s
m
j
.
201
2.
1
6367
2.
[
20]
B
a
s
i
m
A
.
H
a
s
s
a
n
a
nd
H
a
m
e
e
d
M
.
S
a
di
q
.
,
"
A
m
o
di
f
i
e
d
c
l
a
s
s
o
f
c
onj
ug
a
t
e
g
r
a
d
i
e
nt
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
hm
s
ba
s
e
d
o
n
qua
dr
a
t
i
c
m
o
de
l
f
o
r
n
o
nl
i
ne
a
r
unc
o
ns
t
r
a
i
ne
d
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n,
"
R
a
f
.
J
.
of
C
om
p
&
M
at
h
.
,
v
o
l
.
9,
no
.
1,
pp
.
25
-
37
,
20
14
,
do
i
:
10.
3
3899
/
c
s
m
j
.
20
12.
1636
72
.
[
21]
B
a
s
i
m
A
.
H
a
s
s
a
n
a
nd
O
m
a
r
M
.
E
.
,
"
A
ne
w
s
uf
f
i
c
i
e
nt
de
s
c
e
n
t
c
o
nj
ug
a
t
e
g
r
a
d
i
e
nt
m
e
t
ho
d
f
o
r
no
nl
i
ne
a
r
,
"
I
r
aq
i
J
our
nal
o
f
St
at
i
s
t
i
c
al
S
c
i
e
nc
e
s
,
v
o
l
.
26
,
pp
.
12
-
24
,
20
14
.
[
22]
Y
a
be
,
H
.
,
a
nd
S
a
k
a
i
w
a
,
N
.
,
"
A
ne
w
no
nl
i
ne
a
r
c
o
nj
ug
a
t
e
g
r
a
di
e
nt
m
e
t
ho
d
f
o
r
unc
o
ns
t
r
a
i
n
e
d
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
,"
J
our
n
al
of
t
he
O
pe
r
a
t
i
on
s
R
e
s
e
ar
c
h
Soc
i
e
t
y
o
f
J
apa
n
,
v
o
l
.
4
8,
no
.
4
,
p
p.
28
4
-
296,
200
5,
do
i
:
10.
1
5807
/
j
o
r
s
j
.
4
8.
2
84
.
[
23]
Y
a
s
us
hi
N
.
a
n
d
H
i
de
a
ki
I
.
,
"
C
o
nj
ug
a
t
e
g
r
a
d
i
e
n
t
m
e
t
ho
ds
u
s
i
ng
v
a
l
ue
o
f
o
bj
e
c
t
i
v
e
f
unc
t
i
o
n
f
o
r
unc
o
ns
t
r
a
i
ne
d
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
,"
O
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
L
e
t
t
e
r
s
,
vol
.
6
,
no
.
5
,
pp
.
9
41
-
955
,
201
1,
do
i
:
10.
10
07
/
s
11
590
-
011
-
03
24
-
0.
[
24]
D
a
i
Y
.
H
.
,
H
a
n
,
J
.
Y
.
,
L
i
u
,
G
.
H
.
,
S
u
n,
D
.
F
.
,
Y
i
n
,
X
.
a
nd
Y
ua
n
,
Y
.
,
"
C
o
n
v
e
r
g
e
nc
e
pr
o
pe
r
t
i
e
s
o
f
no
nl
i
n
e
a
r
c
o
nj
ug
a
t
e
g
r
a
di
e
nt
m
e
t
ho
ds
,"
SI
A
M
J
our
na
l
on
O
p
t
i
m
i
z
at
i
on
,
v
o
l
.
10
,
no
.
2,
pp.
348
-
35
8
,
1
999
,
do
i
:
10.
1
137
/
S
10
5262
3494
2684
43
.
[
25]
Y
ua
n
Y
.
,
a
nd
S
un
W
.
,
T
he
o
r
y
a
nd
m
e
t
ho
ds
o
f
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
,
S
c
i
e
nc
e
P
r
e
s
s
o
f
C
h
i
na
,
199
9
.
[
26]
D
o
l
a
n
E
.
a
nd
M
o
r
ยด
e
J
.
J
.
,
"
B
e
nc
hm
a
r
k
i
ng
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
s
o
f
t
w
a
r
e
w
i
t
h
pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
nc
e
pr
o
f
i
l
e
s
,
"
M
at
h
.
P
r
ogr
am
.,
v
o
l
.
91,
pp
.
201
-
21
3
,
20
02,
do
i
:
10.
100
7/
s
101
0701
0026
3.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.