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e
r
.
M
o
r
e
ov
e
r
,
ot
h
e
r
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
e
r
s
c
o
l
l
a
b
o
r
a
t
e
d
o
n
di
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
s
ubs
y
s
t
e
m
s
i
ns
i
de
t
h
e
m
i
n
i
ng
s
y
s
t
e
m
.
M
e
t
h
o
ds
f
o
r
c
o
l
l
e
c
t
i
n
g
a
n
d
a
n
a
ly
z
i
ng
da
t
a
a
r
e
us
e
d
i
n
t
h
e
r
e
l
i
a
bil
i
t
y
m
o
d
e
l
i
ng
o
f
s
ur
f
a
c
e
mi
n
i
ng
e
qu
i
p
m
e
n
t
.
T
h
e
r
e
a
r
e
a
l
s
o
m
o
de
l
s
f
o
r
t
h
e
de
pe
n
da
bil
i
t
y
a
n
d
m
a
i
n
t
a
i
na
bil
i
t
y
o
f
m
o
bil
e
un
de
r
gr
o
un
d
ha
u
l
a
ge
e
qu
i
p
m
e
n
t
[
2]
,
[
3
]
.
Us
i
n
g
a
t
e
s
t
s
y
s
t
e
m
w
i
t
h
s
e
ns
o
r
de
vi
c
e
s
t
o
i
de
n
t
i
f
y
a
bn
o
r
m
a
l
s
t
a
t
e
s
a
n
d
a
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
m
o
du
l
e
t
o
i
ni
t
i
a
t
e
m
a
i
n
t
e
n
a
nc
e
a
c
t
i
vi
t
i
e
s
,
by
i
nve
s
t
i
ga
t
i
n
g
t
h
e
c
o
n
ne
c
t
i
o
n
b
e
t
we
e
n
o
pe
r
a
t
i
n
g
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
s
a
n
d
wa
l
l
vi
br
a
t
i
o
n
,
t
h
e
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
pr
o
p
o
s
e
s
a
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
m
o
de
l
f
o
r
c
o
m
pr
e
h
e
n
d
i
ng
t
h
e
vi
br
a
t
i
o
n
c
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
o
f
a
n
o
pe
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
b
a
ll
mi
ll
[
4]
,
[
5]
.
L
HD
m
a
c
hi
ne
s
a
r
e
us
e
d
to
c
o
l
l
e
c
t
o
r
e
or
wa
s
t
e
r
oc
k
f
r
o
m
mi
n
i
ng
l
o
c
a
t
i
o
ns
a
n
d
t
r
a
n
s
f
e
r
i
t
to
tr
uc
ks
o
r
or
e
pa
s
s
e
s
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
t
h
e
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
.
T
h
e
s
e
wo
r
ks
ut
i
li
z
e
d
g
r
a
phi
c
a
l
a
n
d
a
n
a
ly
t
i
c
a
l
m
e
t
h
o
ds
to
m
o
de
l
pr
o
b
a
bi
li
t
y
d
i
s
t
r
i
b
ut
i
o
ns
f
o
r
a
n
a
ly
z
i
ng
f
a
i
l
ur
e
da
t
a
.
S
o
m
e
a
r
t
i
c
l
e
s
ha
v
e
pr
o
vi
de
d
r
e
l
i
a
bi
li
t
y
a
s
s
e
s
s
m
e
n
t
s
o
f
r
e
pa
i
r
a
bl
e
m
i
n
i
ng
m
a
c
hi
ne
r
y
[
6]
,
[
7
]
.
F
ur
t
h
e
r
m
o
r
e
,
us
i
n
g
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
t
udi
e
s
,
t
h
e
tot
a
l
m
a
s
s
ba
l
a
n
c
e
a
n
d
pa
r
t
i
c
l
e
s
i
z
e
d
i
s
t
r
i
b
ut
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
gr
i
n
d
i
ng
a
n
d
c
l
a
s
s
if
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
pr
oc
e
s
s
e
s
i
n
go
l
d
o
r
e
m
i
ne
r
a
l
pr
o
c
e
s
s
i
ng
p
l
a
n
t
s
m
a
y
b
e
pr
e
d
i
c
t
e
d
[
8]
.
T
hi
s
s
t
ud
y
i
nve
s
t
i
ga
t
e
s
a
c
r
us
hi
ng
f
a
c
i
li
t
y
’
s
r
e
l
i
a
bil
i
t
y
i
n
t
h
e
J
a
i
r
a
m
b
a
u
xi
t
e
mi
ne
i
n
I
r
a
n
.
I
t
f
o
c
us
e
s
o
n
h
o
w
to
s
c
h
e
du
l
e
m
a
i
n
t
e
n
a
n
c
e
f
o
r
th
e
p
l
a
n
t
a
c
c
o
r
di
n
g
to
i
t
s
r
e
l
i
a
bil
i
t
y
f
e
a
t
ur
e
s
[
9
]
.
I
t
a
l
s
o
l
o
o
k
s
a
t
h
o
w
r
e
l
i
a
bl
e
dr
u
m
s
h
e
a
r
e
r
m
a
c
hi
ne
s
a
r
e
wh
e
n
us
e
d
to
m
a
ke
de
c
o
r
a
t
i
v
e
m
o
r
t
a
r
s
w
i
t
h
p
i
g
m
e
n
t
s
f
r
o
m
a
c
i
d
m
i
ne
i
r
r
i
ga
t
i
o
n
[
10]
,
[
11
]
.
T
h
e
s
t
udy
l
o
o
ks
a
t
h
ow
ge
n
e
t
i
c
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
s
c
a
n
b
e
us
e
d
t
o
m
o
de
l
a
n
d
im
pr
o
v
e
C
O2
c
oo
l
i
ng
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
i
n
f
e
r
t
i
li
z
e
r
p
l
a
n
t
s
,
s
c
r
e
e
ni
ng
uni
t
s
i
n
pa
pe
r
pl
a
n
t
s
,
m
i
ne
pr
o
duc
t
i
o
n
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
t
h
a
t
a
r
e
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
r
e
l
i
a
bil
i
t
y
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
a
v
a
il
a
bil
i
t
y
a
n
d
pr
o
f
i
t
a
na
l
y
s
i
s
o
f
B
-
P
a
n
c
r
y
s
t
a
l
li
z
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
f
e
e
d
i
ng
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
i
n
t
h
e
s
uga
r
i
n
dus
t
r
y
[
12]
-
[
16]
.
T
h
e
s
t
udy
s
ugge
s
t
s
a
r
e
a
l
-
t
i
m
e
m
o
ni
t
o
r
i
n
g
s
t
r
a
t
e
gy
f
o
r
s
ur
f
a
c
e
r
o
ugh
n
e
s
s
pa
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
i
n
m
il
li
ng
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
.
I
t
pr
o
v
e
s
t
h
a
t
r
a
i
s
i
ng
t
h
e
i
nc
l
i
na
t
i
o
n
a
n
g
l
e
h
a
s
n
o
a
ppr
e
c
i
a
bl
e
im
pa
c
t
o
n
r
o
ugh
n
e
s
s
i
n
d
i
c
e
s
,
t
h
e
r
e
by
i
nc
r
e
a
s
i
ng
upt
i
m
e
[
17]
.
T
h
e
do
c
um
e
n
t
e
x
a
mi
ne
s
r
oo
f
to
p
s
o
l
a
r
ph
o
to
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
s
w
i
t
h
c
o
h
e
r
e
n
c
e
t
h
r
e
s
h
o
l
d
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
a
n
d
f
a
u
l
t
tr
e
e
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
o
f
l
a
r
ge
-
s
c
a
l
e
s
o
l
a
r
ph
o
to
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
[
18]
.
M
a
c
hi
ne
l
e
a
r
nin
g
w
i
t
h
a
phy
s
i
c
s
b
a
c
kgr
o
un
d
f
o
r
a
pp
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
in
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
a
f
e
t
y
a
n
d
r
e
l
i
a
bil
i
t
y
[
19]
.
T
h
e
pr
e
s
e
n
t
e
d
pa
pe
r
di
s
c
us
s
e
s
t
h
e
i
m
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
a
r
t
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
n
e
ur
a
l
n
e
t
wo
r
ks
a
n
d
vi
br
a
t
i
o
n
de
t
e
c
to
r
s
to
tr
a
c
k
a
b
a
ll
mi
l
l
’
s
f
il
l
l
e
v
e
l
[
20]
.
A
n
a
d
va
n
c
e
d
p
l
a
n
o
r
s
t
r
a
t
e
gy
c
a
ll
e
d
a
n
“
o
pt
i
mi
z
a
t
i
o
n
m
o
de
l
f
o
r
wa
s
t
e
wa
t
e
r
t
r
e
a
t
m
e
n
t
pr
o
c
e
s
s
”
i
s
us
e
d
t
o
tr
e
a
t
wa
s
t
e
wa
t
e
r
(
a
l
s
o
kn
o
wn
a
s
s
e
w
a
g
e
o
r
f
i
l
t
hy
wa
t
e
r
)
a
s
e
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
ly
a
n
d
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
t
l
y
a
s
f
e
a
s
i
b
l
e
[
21]
.
M
a
t
h
e
m
a
t
i
c
a
l
m
o
d
e
l
s
a
n
d
a
v
a
il
a
bil
i
t
y
a
n
a
ly
s
e
s
o
f
s
c
r
e
w
a
n
d
l
e
a
f
s
pr
i
n
g
m
a
n
u
f
a
c
t
ur
i
n
g
f
a
c
il
i
t
i
e
s
a
r
e
t
h
e
f
o
c
us
o
f
t
hi
s
a
r
t
i
c
l
e
[
22]
,
[
23
]
.
R
e
l
i
a
bi
li
t
y
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
ga
uge
s
h
o
w
a
da
pt
a
bl
e
a
hy
d
r
o
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
po
we
r
pl
a
n
t
i
s
to
s
h
if
t
i
n
g
de
m
a
n
ds
,
h
o
w
we
l
l
i
t
m
a
i
n
t
a
i
ns
i
t
s
e
l
f
,
a
n
d
ho
w
we
ll
i
t
i
de
n
t
i
f
i
e
s
a
r
e
a
s
f
o
r
de
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
t
h
r
o
ugh
r
o
u
t
i
n
e
a
s
s
e
s
s
m
e
n
t
s
t
h
a
t
gua
r
a
n
t
e
e
de
pe
n
da
bl
e
o
pe
r
a
ti
o
n
[
24]
.
Us
i
n
g
t
h
e
B
o
o
l
e
a
n
f
u
nc
t
i
o
n
t
e
c
hni
que
a
n
d
ne
ur
a
l
n
e
t
wor
k
a
ppr
o
a
c
h
,
t
h
e
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
a
s
s
e
s
s
e
s
t
h
e
pr
of
i
t
a
bi
li
t
y
a
n
d
de
pe
n
da
bil
i
t
y
o
f
a
s
t
e
a
m
t
ur
bi
n
e
ge
n
e
r
a
t
o
r
p
owe
r
pl
a
n
t
[
25
]
.
Go
l
dbe
r
g
a
n
d
Ho
l
l
a
n
d
[
26]
,
[
27]
h
a
v
e
m
a
de
s
i
g
nif
i
c
a
n
t
c
o
n
tr
i
b
ut
i
o
ns
to
t
h
e
f
i
e
l
d
o
f
c
o
m
put
e
r
s
c
i
e
nc
e
,
s
pe
c
i
f
i
c
a
l
ly
i
n
t
h
e
do
m
a
i
n
o
f
da
t
a
b
a
s
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
.
Ho
we
v
e
r
,
t
h
e
r
e
i
s
n
o
c
o
m
m
o
nly
a
c
k
n
o
w
l
e
dge
d
c
o
n
n
e
c
t
i
o
n
be
t
we
e
n
him
a
n
d
t
h
e
i
n
t
r
o
duc
t
i
o
n
o
r
e
l
uc
i
da
t
i
o
n
o
f
ge
n
e
t
i
c
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
s
.
T
h
e
pr
e
s
e
n
t
s
t
udy
f
o
c
us
e
s
on
i
nv
e
s
t
i
ga
t
i
n
g
t
h
e
h
e
a
t
t
r
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
be
h
a
vi
o
r
a
n
d
t
h
e
r
m
a
l
b
r
e
a
ka
ge
c
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
o
f
t
h
e
c
h
a
r
ge
w
i
t
hi
n
b
a
ll
mi
ll
s
[
2
8
].
T
h
e
s
t
udy
i
nv
e
s
t
i
ga
t
e
s
t
h
e
s
i
g
nif
i
c
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52
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2.
2.
G
e
n
e
t
ic
a
l
gor
it
h
m
T
h
e
ge
n
e
t
i
c
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
t
oo
l
b
o
x
e
m
p
l
o
y
s
m
a
t
r
i
x
f
u
nc
t
i
o
n
s
i
n
M
A
T
L
AB
to
c
o
n
s
t
r
uc
t
a
c
o
m
pr
e
h
e
ns
i
ve
c
o
l
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
o
f
too
l
s
t
h
a
t
f
a
c
il
i
t
a
t
e
t
h
e
i
m
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
a
ti
o
n
o
f
v
a
r
i
o
us
ge
n
e
t
i
c
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
t
e
c
hni
que
s
.
T
h
e
ge
n
e
t
i
c
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
too
l
b
o
x
i
s
a
c
o
m
p
il
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
r
o
u
t
i
n
e
s
,
p
r
i
m
a
r
i
ly
wr
i
t
t
e
n
i
n
m
-
f
il
e
s
,
t
h
a
t
e
x
e
c
ut
e
t
h
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
t
a
l
o
pe
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
i
n
ge
ne
t
i
c
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
s
.
T
h
e
ge
n
e
t
i
c
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
,
a
pr
o
b
a
bil
i
s
t
i
c
s
e
a
r
c
h
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
,
wa
s
c
r
e
a
t
e
d
i
n
1975
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
t
h
e
pr
i
n
c
i
p
l
e
s
o
f
ge
n
e
t
i
c
e
v
o
l
ut
i
o
n
[
26]
.
T
h
e
ph
e
n
o
m
e
n
o
n
e
m
e
r
ge
d
dur
i
n
g
t
h
e
1970s
a
nd
1980s
,
s
ubs
e
que
n
t
l
y
e
x
t
e
n
d
i
ng
i
t
s
r
e
a
c
h
a
c
r
o
s
s
s
e
v
e
r
a
l
in
dus
t
r
i
e
s
.
T
h
e
ge
n
e
t
i
c
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
de
m
o
ns
t
r
a
t
e
s
e
f
f
i
c
a
c
y
i
n
a
ddr
e
s
s
i
ng
t
h
e
s
e
r
i
e
s
-
pa
r
a
l
l
e
l
a
v
a
il
a
bil
i
t
y
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
pr
o
bl
e
m
due
t
o
i
t
s
a
bil
i
t
y
t
o
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
t
l
y
m
a
n
a
ge
n
o
n
-
li
ne
a
r
i
t
y
o
r
d
i
s
c
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
t
y
.
I
n
1989
i
de
n
t
i
f
i
e
d
t
h
r
e
e
pr
i
m
a
r
y
o
pe
r
a
to
r
s
i
n
hi
s
e
x
a
mi
na
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
ge
n
e
t
i
c
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
pr
o
c
e
s
s
,
n
a
m
e
ly
m
ut
a
t
i
o
n
,
c
r
o
s
s
o
v
e
r
,
a
n
d
r
e
pr
o
duc
t
i
o
n
[
27]
.
T
h
e
f
u
n
da
m
e
n
t
a
l
m
e
c
ha
ni
s
m
o
f
ge
n
e
t
i
c
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
s
i
s
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
t
h
e
pr
i
n
c
i
p
l
e
s
o
f
e
v
o
l
ut
i
o
n
f
o
un
d
in
n
a
t
ur
e
.
I
t
i
nv
o
l
v
e
s
s
e
v
e
r
a
l
ke
y
c
o
m
p
o
ne
n
t
s
,
i
n
c
l
u
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
ge
n
e
f
r
a
m
e
wo
r
k,
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
,
po
pul
a
t
i
o
n
,
c
r
o
s
s
o
v
e
r
,
m
ut
a
t
i
o
n
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
n
e
w
i
n
d
i
v
i
dua
l
s
i
ns
i
de
t
h
e
c
h
r
o
m
o
s
o
m
e
s
.
F
i
gur
e
1
de
p
i
c
t
s
t
h
e
s
e
que
nc
e
o
f
t
h
e
ge
n
e
t
i
c
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
pr
o
c
e
dur
e
.
A
da
pt
e
d
to
t
h
e
pr
i
nc
i
p
l
e
s
o
f
n
a
t
ur
a
l
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
e
v
o
l
ut
i
o
n
,
ge
n
e
t
i
c
a
lgo
r
i
t
hm
s
a
r
e
a
s
ub
s
e
t
o
f
o
p
t
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
s
.
F
i
gur
e
1
.
F
l
o
w
di
a
gr
a
m
f
o
r
a
ge
n
e
t
i
c
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
T
h
e
y
a
r
e
ut
i
li
z
e
d
to
i
de
n
t
i
f
y
a
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
ns
o
f
s
o
l
ut
i
o
ns
to
c
h
a
l
l
e
n
g
i
ng
s
e
a
r
c
h
a
n
d
o
p
t
i
mi
z
a
t
i
o
n
i
s
s
ue
s
.
A
ge
n
e
t
i
c
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
’
s
f
u
n
da
m
e
n
t
a
l
s
t
e
ps
a
r
e
a
s
f
o
l
l
o
w
s
:
S
e
t
t
h
e
g
e
n
e
t
i
c
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
’
s
pa
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
to
t
h
e
i
r
i
ni
t
ia
l
v
a
l
ue
s
.
C
r
e
a
t
e
t
h
e
s
t
a
r
t
i
n
g
po
pul
a
t
i
o
n
a
t
r
a
n
do
m
a
n
d
ge
t
t
h
e
c
o
de
d
s
t
r
i
n
g
s
r
e
a
d
y
.
De
t
e
r
m
i
ne
e
a
c
h
pe
r
s
o
n
’
s
f
i
t
n
e
s
s
l
e
v
e
l
w
i
t
hi
n
t
he
e
l
de
r
l
y
po
pu
l
a
t
i
o
n
.
Us
e
t
h
e
o
l
de
r
po
pul
a
t
i
o
n
to
c
r
e
a
t
e
t
h
e
m
a
t
i
n
g
po
o
l
.
P
i
c
k
t
w
o
pa
r
e
n
t
s
a
t
r
a
n
do
m
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
m
a
t
i
n
g
poo
l
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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In
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C
o
n
s
t
r
uc
t
t
w
o
o
f
f
s
pr
i
ng
by
pe
r
f
o
r
m
i
ng
t
h
e
c
r
o
s
s
o
v
e
r
o
f
t
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r
e
n
t
s
.
Al
t
e
r
i
f
n
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c
e
s
s
a
r
y
.
A
dd
t
h
e
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w
po
pu
l
a
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n
to
t
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c
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d
s
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r
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gs
.
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t
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pe
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s
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.
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r
o
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d
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pul
a
t
i
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,
c
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t
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e
po
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l
a
t
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t
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f
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o
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s
t
.
T
i
ll
t
h
e
b
e
s
t
i
n
d
i
v
i
dua
l
s
i
n
t
h
e
n
e
w
ly
f
o
r
m
e
d
po
pu
l
a
t
i
o
n
c
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
n
d
to
t
h
e
i
de
a
l
v
a
l
ue
o
f
t
h
e
pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
(
s
y
s
t
e
m
a
va
i
l
a
bil
i
t
y
)
,
ke
e
p
c
o
m
p
l
e
t
i
n
g
s
t
e
ps
4
t
h
r
o
ugh
10
i
n
t
h
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
.
3.
M
E
T
HO
DS
A
vi
br
a
t
i
n
g
f
e
e
de
r
,
c
r
us
h
e
r
,
b
e
l
t
c
o
n
v
e
y
o
r
,
vi
b
r
a
t
i
n
g
s
c
r
e
e
n
,
b
a
ll
mi
ll
,
s
p
i
r
a
l
c
l
a
s
s
if
i
e
r
,
g
o
l
d
c
e
n
t
r
i
f
ug
a
l
c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
tor
,
s
h
a
k
i
n
g
t
a
bl
e
,
f
l
o
t
a
t
i
o
n
m
a
c
hi
ne
,
a
n
d
go
l
d
m
e
l
t
i
ng
f
ur
n
a
c
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
a
r
e
s
t
a
n
da
r
d
o
n
e
a
c
h
r
o
c
k
g
o
l
d
m
a
c
hi
ne
.
M
a
c
hi
ne
s
pe
c
s
v
a
r
y
by
m
a
n
u
f
a
c
t
ur
e
r
.
T
hi
s
a
r
t
i
c
l
e
i
de
n
t
i
f
i
e
d
f
o
ur
pr
i
m
a
r
y
s
ubs
y
s
t
e
m
s
us
i
n
g
ba
l
l
m
il
l
m
a
c
hi
ne
o
pe
r
a
t
i
o
n
m
a
n
ua
l
s
,
m
a
i
n
t
e
na
n
c
e
da
t
a
,
a
n
d
f
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e
l
d
o
b
s
e
r
va
t
i
o
ns
.
A
dr
um
b
a
ll
mi
ll
w
i
t
h
a
dr
u
m
,
r
i
n
g
ge
a
r
,
ge
a
r
b
o
x
,
a
n
d
e
lec
t
r
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c
m
o
t
or
us
e
d
t
h
e
s
e
s
e
r
i
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s
-
c
o
nn
e
c
t
e
d
p
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e
c
e
s
.
F
i
gur
e
2
pr
o
vi
de
s
a
c
o
m
pr
e
he
n
s
i
ve
d
i
a
gr
a
m
o
f
t
h
e
b
a
ll
mi
ll
pr
o
duc
t
i
o
n
s
y
s
t
e
m
.
F
i
gur
e
2
.
F
l
o
w
c
h
a
r
t
o
f
a
b
a
ll
mi
ll
s
y
s
t
e
m
3
.
1.
C
om
p
on
e
n
t
s
of
t
h
e
p
r
op
os
e
d
B
a
l
l
mi
ll
s
gr
i
nd
o
r
bl
e
n
d
m
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
s
f
o
r
m
i
ne
r
a
l
dr
e
s
s
i
ng,
r
o
c
k
g
o
l
d,
c
o
a
t
i
n
g
s
,
e
x
p
l
o
s
i
ve
s
,
s
t
o
n
e
wa
r
e
,
a
n
d
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
v
e
be
a
m
pr
i
n
t
i
n
g.
I
t
us
e
s
i
m
p
a
c
t
a
n
d
a
tt
r
i
t
i
o
n
to
r
e
duc
e
b
a
l
l
s
i
z
e
by
s
t
r
i
k
i
ng
t
h
e
m
a
s
t
h
e
y
f
a
l
l
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
he
l
l
.
A
ba
l
l
mi
ll
’
s
pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
de
pe
n
d
s
o
n
i
t
s
dr
um
,
r
i
n
g
ge
a
r
,
ge
a
r
b
o
x
,
a
n
d
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
m
o
t
or
.
T
h
e
s
e
a
r
e
de
f
i
ne
d
i
n
de
t
a
i
l
a
n
d
p
l
a
c
e
d
s
e
r
i
e
s
-
pa
r
a
l
l
e
l
i
n
e
a
c
h
uni
t
.
3.
1.
1
.
Dr
u
m
(
U)
I
t
h
a
s
o
n
e
uni
t
.
T
h
e
b
a
ll
mi
ll
’
s
c
yl
i
ndr
i
c
a
l
h
o
us
i
n
g
i
s
k
n
o
wn
a
s
t
h
e
dr
u
m
.
T
h
e
s
t
e
e
l
s
he
l
l
o
f
t
h
e
dr
um
i
s
s
hi
e
l
de
d
f
r
o
m
a
b
r
a
s
i
o
n
by
a
m
a
n
ga
ne
s
e
s
t
e
e
l
a
l
l
o
y
p
l
a
t
e
.
R
ub
be
r
m
a
y
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l
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
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e
ly
b
e
us
e
d
i
n
pl
a
c
e
o
f
m
a
n
ga
n
e
s
e
s
t
e
e
l
a
s
a
r
m
o
r
.
A
r
a
p
i
d
a
n
d
t
ot
a
l
b
r
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a
kd
o
wn
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
mi
g
h
t
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s
ul
t
f
r
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m
i
t
s
f
a
il
ur
e
.
3
.
1.
2
.
Rin
g
g
e
ar
(
V)
A
ge
a
r
r
i
n
g
i
s
a
t
t
a
c
h
e
d
to
t
h
e
dr
u
m
’
s
o
u
t
s
i
de
e
dg
e
.
I
t
s
e
r
v
e
s
to
r
ot
a
t
e
t
h
e
dr
um
.
I
n
t
hi
s
s
u
bs
y
s
t
e
m
,
t
w
o
r
i
n
g
ge
a
r
s
a
r
e
e
m
p
l
o
y
e
d
i
n
pa
r
a
ll
e
l
.
W
hil
e
o
n
e
i
s
b
e
i
ng
us
e
d,
t
h
e
ot
h
e
r
i
s
o
n
c
o
l
d
s
t
a
n
dby
.
A
m
a
c
hi
ne
’
s
pa
r
t
i
a
l
f
a
il
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e
c
a
n
r
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duc
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t
h
e
s
y
s
t
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m
’
s
o
pe
r
a
t
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g
c
a
pa
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t
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,
b
ut
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m
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j
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w
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ll
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s
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l
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t
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uni
t
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s
c
o
m
p
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t
e
f
a
il
ur
e
.
3
.
1.
3
.
Gear
b
ox
(
W)
A
ge
a
r
b
o
x
i
s
a
m
e
c
h
a
ni
c
a
l
a
ppa
r
a
t
us
u
t
i
li
z
e
d
f
o
r
t
h
e
t
r
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
o
f
po
we
r
f
r
o
m
a
n
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
m
o
to
r
to
a
b
a
l
l
mi
ll
.
T
h
e
pr
i
m
a
r
y
o
bj
e
c
t
i
v
e
o
f
t
hi
s
i
s
to
s
tr
e
a
m
l
i
ne
t
h
e
t
r
a
n
s
f
e
r
o
f
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
e
ne
r
g
y
.
T
h
e
ge
a
r
b
o
x
p
l
a
y
s
a
c
r
uc
i
a
l
r
o
l
e
i
n
t
h
e
m
a
n
a
ge
m
e
n
t
o
f
s
pe
e
d
a
n
d
to
r
que
t
h
r
o
ugh
o
u
t
t
h
i
s
pe
r
i
o
d.
T
o
a
tt
a
i
n
t
h
e
de
s
i
r
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d
o
u
t
c
o
m
e
,
t
h
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ge
a
r
b
o
x
h
a
s
a
s
t
r
uc
t
ur
e
d
a
r
r
a
n
ge
m
e
n
t
o
f
s
hif
t
s
,
b
e
a
r
i
ngs
a
s
we
l
l
,
c
a
s
i
ng,
a
n
d
pu
l
l
e
y
s
.
3
.
1.
4
.
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
m
ot
o
r
(
X)
An
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
m
o
to
r
t
u
r
n
s
t
h
e
dr
u
m
.
A
ge
a
r
b
o
x
f
o
l
l
o
ws
t
h
e
m
o
t
or
dr
i
v
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
b
e
f
o
r
e
a
r
i
n
g
ge
a
r
.
T
h
e
m
o
to
r
i
s
t
y
p
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c
a
ll
y
e
qu
i
ppe
d
w
i
t
h
a
v
a
r
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a
bl
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-
s
pe
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d
dr
i
v
e
(
VSD)
to
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gul
a
t
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t
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b
a
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mi
ll
’
s
r
pm
.
T
wo
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l
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c
t
r
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c
m
o
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or
s
h
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v
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n
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d
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pa
r
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ll
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l
.
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hi
l
e
o
n
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i
s
b
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ng
u
s
e
d,
t
h
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ot
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c
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l
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s
t
a
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d
by
.
A
mac
hi
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’
s
pa
r
t
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il
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b
ut
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w
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t
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e
uni
t
’
s
c
o
m
p
l
e
t
e
f
a
il
ur
e
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
do
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s
i
a
n
J
E
l
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c
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n
g
&
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p
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c
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S
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
Sy
s
tem
av
ail
abil
it
y
as
s
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s
s
me
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and
opti
miz
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o
f
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r
ies
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all
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…
(
P
r
iya
C
haudhar
y
)
157
3.
2.
As
s
u
m
p
t
ion
s
F
o
r
a
s
pe
c
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f
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c
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f
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m
b
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a
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o
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ur
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o
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f
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t
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s
y
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t
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m
s
w
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a
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t
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a
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l
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e
o
us
ly
.
3
.
3.
N
ot
a
t
ion
s
0
(
)
:
r
e
pr
e
s
e
n
t
pr
o
b
a
bil
i
t
y
t
h
a
t
a
t
t
i
m
e
t
a
l
l
s
u
b
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
a
r
e
i
n
go
o
d
wor
ki
n
g
s
t
a
t
e
s
.
′
(
)
:
f
i
r
s
t
or
de
r
de
r
i
va
t
i
ve
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
a
bi
li
t
i
e
s
.
(
t
)
:
r
e
p
r
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s
e
n
t
pr
o
b
a
bi
li
t
y
f
u
n
c
t
i
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n
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
uni
t
i
s
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n
a
pa
r
t
i
c
u
l
a
r
s
t
a
t
e
a
t
a
t
i
m
e
‘
t
’
.
U,
V,
W
,
X
:
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e
p
r
e
s
e
n
t
e
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
s
t
a
t
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
dr
um
,
r
i
n
g
ge
a
r
,
ge
a
r
b
o
x
,
a
n
d
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
m
o
to
r
.
u,
v
,
w,
x
:
r
e
pr
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s
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t
f
a
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l
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y
s
t
a
t
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o
f
t
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dr
um
,
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i
n
g
ge
a
r
,
ge
a
r
b
o
x
,
a
n
d
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
m
o
to
r
.
1,
3,
1,
3
:
r
e
s
pe
c
t
i
v
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m
e
a
n
c
o
n
s
t
a
n
t
f
a
il
ur
e
r
a
tes
a
n
d
r
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pa
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r
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o
f
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h
e
r
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n
g
ge
a
r
,
a
n
d
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l
e
c
t
r
i
c
m
o
to
r
.
2,
θ
4
,
2
,
δ
4
:
r
e
s
pe
c
t
i
v
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m
e
a
n
c
o
n
s
t
a
n
t
f
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il
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r
a
tes
a
n
d
r
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pa
i
r
r
a
t
e
s
o
f
dr
um
,
a
n
d
ge
a
r
b
o
x
.
3.
4
.
M
at
h
e
m
at
ical
m
od
e
l
in
g
P
r
o
b
a
bi
li
s
t
i
c
c
o
n
c
e
pt
s
a
r
e
u
t
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li
z
e
d
to
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
e
t
h
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pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
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f
a
b
a
l
l
mi
ll
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ni
t
wh
e
n
i
t
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s
b
e
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ng
s
t
udi
e
d
f
o
r
SSA
.
W
i
t
h
t
h
e
h
e
l
p
o
f
t
h
e
t
r
a
n
s
i
t
i
o
n
d
i
a
gr
a
m
s
h
o
wn
i
n
F
i
gur
e
3
,
de
v
e
l
o
pe
d
t
h
e
C
h
a
p
m
a
n
-
K
o
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m
o
go
r
o
v
di
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
i
a
l
e
qua
t
i
o
n
s
:
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,
(
)
+
∑
4
=
1
0
(
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=
1
1
(
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+
3
2
(
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+
2
10
(
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+
4
11
(
)
(
1)
1
,
(
)
+
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4
=
1
1
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+
1
1
(
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=
1
0
(
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+
3
3
(
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+
4
6
(
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+
∑
+
3
2
=
1
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(
2)
2
,
(
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+
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=
1
2
(
)
+
3
2
(
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=
3
0
(
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+
1
3
(
)
+
∑
+
5
4
=
2
(
t)
(
3)
3
,
(
)
+
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4
=
1
3
(
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+
1
3
(
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+
3
3
(
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=
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1
(
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+
1
2
(
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+
11
4
=
1
(
t)
(
4)
′
(
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+
(
)
=
0
(
)
,
W
h
e
r
e
i
=
10,
11
j
=
2,
4
(
5)
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(
)
+
(
)
=
1
(
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,
W
h
e
r
e
i
=
4,
5,
6
j
=
1,
2,
4
(
6)
′
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)
=
2
(
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,
W
h
e
r
e
i
=
7,
8,
9
j
=
2,
3,
4
(
7)
′
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=
3
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,
W
h
e
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e
i
=
12,
13,
14,
15
j
=
1,
2,
3,
4
(
8)
W
i
t
h
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ni
t
i
a
l
c
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n
d
i
t
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o
ns
a
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i
m
e
t
=
0
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(
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=
0
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0
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1
=
0
(
9)
F
i
gur
e
3
.
T
r
a
n
s
i
t
i
o
n
d
i
a
gr
a
m
o
f
b
a
ll
mi
ll
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
In
do
n
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s
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a
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J
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c
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&
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p
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6
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.
1
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to
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r
20
24
:
1
53
-
1
62
158
3.
5
.
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.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
ES
[
1]
G
.W
.A
.D
,
“
E
ngi
n
e
e
r
in
g
r
e
li
a
bi
li
t
y
:
n
e
w
t
e
c
hn
iq
ue
s
a
nd
a
ppl
ic
a
ti
o
ns
,”
M
ic
r
oe
le
c
tr
oni
c
s
R
e
li
abi
li
ty
,
vo
l.
22,
n
o
.
2,
pp.
316
–
3
17,
J
a
n. 1982, do
i:
10.1016/0026
-
2714(
82
)
90195
-
0.
[
2]
R
.
A
.
H
a
ll
a
nd
L
.
K
.
D
a
ne
s
hm
e
nd,
“
R
e
li
a
bi
li
t
y
m
o
de
l
li
ng
of
s
ur
f
a
c
e
mi
ni
ng
e
qui
pm
e
nt
:
d
a
ta
ga
th
e
r
in
g
a
nd
a
na
l
y
s
is
me
th
o
d
o
l
o
gi
e
s
,”
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
J
our
nal
of
Sur
f
ac
e
M
in
in
g,
R
e
c
la
m
at
io
n
and
E
nv
ir
onm
e
nt
,
vo
l.
17,
n
o
.
3,
pp.
139
–
155,
S
e
p.
20
03,
do
i:
10.1076/i
js
m.17.3.139.14773.
[
3]
R
.
A
.
H
a
ll
a
nd
L
.
K
.
D
a
ne
s
hm
e
nd,
“
R
e
li
a
bi
li
t
y
a
nd
ma
in
ta
in
a
bi
li
t
y
m
o
d
e
ls
f
or
m
o
bi
l
e
unde
r
g
r
o
und
ha
ul
a
ge
e
qui
pm
e
nt
,”
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
J
our
nal
o
f
Su
r
f
a
c
e
M
in
in
g,
R
e
c
la
m
at
io
n
a
nd
E
nv
ir
onm
e
nt
,
v
o
l.
17,
n
o
.
3,
pp.
139
–
155,
S
e
p.
2003,
do
i:
10.1076/i
js
m.17.3.139.14773.
[
4]
S
.
H
a
n,
M
.
J
e
o
ng,
W
.
L
e
e
,
G
.
L
im
,
a
nd
J
.
P
a
r
k,
“
S
im
ul
a
ti
o
n
of
gr
in
di
ng/
c
la
s
s
if
i
c
a
ti
o
n
c
ir
c
ui
t
in
do
m
e
s
ti
c
go
ld
o
r
e
pr
oc
e
s
s
in
g
pl
a
nt
us
in
g
e
ne
r
g
y
-
ba
s
e
d
gr
in
d
in
g
mo
d
e
l
a
nd
ma
th
e
ma
ti
c
a
l
c
l
a
s
s
if
ic
a
ti
o
n
m
o
d
e
l,
”
J
our
nal
of
th
e
K
o
r
e
an
So
c
ie
ty
o
f
M
in
e
r
al
and
E
ne
r
gy
R
e
s
our
c
e
s
E
ngi
ne
e
r
s
, v
o
l.
55, n
o
. 1, pp. 8
–
19, F
e
b. 201
8, do
i:
10.12972/ks
m
e
r
.2018.55.1.008.
[
5]
T
.
Y
o
s
hi
da
,
F
.
K
ur
a
ta
ni
,
T
.
I
t
o
,
a
nd
K
.
T
a
n
ig
uc
hi
,
“
V
ib
r
a
ti
on
c
ha
r
a
c
te
r
is
ti
c
s
of
a
n
o
p
e
r
a
ti
ng
ba
ll
mi
ll
,”
J
our
nal
of
P
hy
s
ic
s
:
C
onf
e
r
e
nc
e
Se
r
ie
s
, v
o
l.
1264,
n
o
. 1, p. 012016, J
ul
. 2019, d
o
i:
1
0.1088/1742
-
6596/1264/
1/
012016.
[
6]
J
.
B
a
r
a
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dy
a
nd
U
.
K
uma
r
,
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R
e
li
a
bi
li
t
y
a
na
l
y
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is
of
m
in
in
g
e
qui
pme
nt
:
A
c
a
s
e
s
tu
d
y
of
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c
r
us
hi
ng
pl
a
nt
a
t
J
a
ja
r
m
B
a
ux
it
e
M
in
e
in
I
r
a
n,”
i
n
R
e
li
abi
li
ty
E
ngi
ne
e
r
in
g and Sy
s
te
m
Saf
e
t
y
, A
pr
.
2007, vo
l.
15, n
o
. 11.
[
7]
B
.
S
a
ma
nt
a
,
B
.
S
a
r
ka
r
,
a
nd
S
.
K
.
M
ukhe
r
je
e
,
“
R
e
li
a
bi
li
t
y
m
ode
ll
in
g
a
nd
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r
f
or
ma
nc
e
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na
l
y
s
e
s
of
a
n
L
H
D
s
y
s
t
e
m
in
mi
ni
ng,”
J
our
nal
o
f
T
he
Sout
h
A
fr
ic
an
I
ns
ti
tu
te
o
f
M
in
in
g
and
M
e
ta
ll
ur
gy
,
v
o
l.
104,
n
o
.
1,
pp.
1
–
8,
2004,
do
i:
ht
tp
s
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/h
dl
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ndl
e
.n
e
t/
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[
8]
T
.
W
a
mbe
k
e
, D
. E
ld
e
r
, A
. M
il
l
e
r
, J
. B
e
nnd
or
f
, a
nd R
. P
e
a
tt
i
e
, “
R
e
a
l
-
ti
m
e
r
e
c
o
nc
il
ia
ti
o
n
of
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g
e
o
m
e
ta
ll
ur
g
ic
a
l
m
o
d
e
l
ba
s
e
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o
n
ba
ll
mi
ll
pe
r
f
o
r
ma
nc
e
m
e
a
s
ur
e
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e
nt
s
–
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pi
l
o
t
s
tu
d
y
a
t
th
e
T
r
o
p
ic
a
n
a
go
ld
m
in
e
,”
M
in
in
g
T
e
c
hnol
ogy
:
T
r
ans
ac
ti
ons
of
th
e
I
ns
ti
tu
t
e
of
M
in
in
g and M
e
ta
ll
ur
gy
, vo
l.
127, n
o
. 3, pp. 115
–
130, J
ul
. 2018,
do
i:
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[
9]
J
.
B
a
r
a
ba
d
y
a
nd
U
.
K
uma
r
,
“
R
e
li
a
bi
li
t
y
a
na
l
y
s
is
of
mi
ni
ng
e
qu
ip
me
nt
:
a
c
a
s
e
s
tu
d
y
of
a
c
r
us
hi
ng
pl
a
nt
a
t
J
a
ja
r
m
B
a
u
x
it
e
M
in
e
in
I
r
a
n,”
R
e
li
abi
li
ty
E
ngi
ne
e
r
in
g and Sy
s
te
m
Saf
e
ty
, v
o
l.
93, n
o
. 4,
pp. 647
–
653, Apr
. 2008, do
i:
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.r
e
s
s
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[
10]
S
.
H
.
H
o
s
s
e
in
i,
“
M
o
d
e
li
ng
a
nd
s
im
ul
a
ti
o
n
of
dr
um
s
he
a
r
e
r
s
’
r
e
li
a
bi
li
t
y
a
t
m
e
c
ha
ni
z
e
d
l
o
ngw
a
ll
m
in
e
s
–
ca
se
s
tu
d
y
:
ta
ba
s
c
o
a
l
mi
ne
,”
S
ha
hr
oo
d U
ni
ve
r
s
it
y
of
T
e
c
hn
o
l
o
g
y
,
S
ha
hr
oo
d, 2011.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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o
.
1
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r
20
24
:
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[
11]
S
.
H
.
H
o
s
e
in
i
e
,
M
.
A
ta
e
i,
R
.
K
ha
l
o
ka
ka
ie
,
B
.
G
h
o
d
r
a
ti
,
a
nd
U
.
K
uma
r
,
“
R
e
li
a
bi
li
t
y
a
na
l
y
s
is
of
dr
um
s
he
a
r
e
r
ma
c
hi
n
e
a
t
me
c
ha
ni
z
e
d
l
o
ngw
a
ll
mi
n
e
s
,”
J
our
nal
of
Q
ual
it
y
in
M
ai
nt
e
n
anc
e
E
ngi
ne
e
r
in
g
,
vo
l.
18,
n
o
.
1,
pp.
98
–
119,
M
a
r
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2012,
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[
12]
S
.
K
uma
r
a
nd
P
.
C
.
T
e
w
a
r
i,
“
M
a
th
e
ma
ti
c
a
l
m
o
d
e
ll
in
g
a
nd
pe
r
f
o
r
ma
n
c
e
o
pt
im
i
z
a
ti
o
n
of
C
O
2
c
oo
li
ng
s
y
s
t
e
m
of
a
f
e
r
ti
li
z
e
r
pl
a
nt
,”
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
J
our
nal
of
I
ndus
t
r
ia
l
E
ngi
ne
e
r
in
g C
om
put
at
io
ns
,
vo
l.
2, n
o
. 3, pp. 689
–
698, 2011, d
o
i:
10.5267/
j.
ij
i
e
c
.2010.08.0
04.
[
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R
.
K
ha
nduj
a
,
P
.
C
.
T
e
w
a
r
i,
a
nd
R
.
S
.
C
ha
uha
n, “
P
e
r
f
o
r
ma
nc
e
a
na
l
y
s
is
of
s
c
r
e
e
ni
ng
uni
t
in
a
pa
pe
r
pl
a
nt
us
in
g
ge
ne
ti
c
a
lg
o
r
it
h
m,”
J
our
nal
of
I
ndu
s
t
r
ia
l
and Sy
s
te
m
s
E
ngi
ne
e
r
in
g
, v
o
l.
3, n
o
. 2, pp
. 140
–
151, 2009.
[
14]
M
.
K
umr
a
l,
“
R
e
li
a
bi
li
t
y
-
ba
s
e
d
o
pt
im
is
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ti
o
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ne
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o
du
c
ti
o
n
s
y
s
t
e
m
us
in
g
ge
ne
ti
c
a
lg
o
r
it
hms
,”
J
our
nal
o
f
L
os
s
P
r
e
v
e
nt
io
n
in
th
e
P
r
oc
e
s
s
I
ndus
tr
ie
s
, v
o
l.
18, n
o
. 3, pp. 186
–
189, M
a
y
20
05,
do
i:
10.1016/j
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p.2005.04.001.
[
15]
M
.
S
.
K
a
d
y
a
n
a
nd
R
.
K
uma
r
,
“
A
v
a
il
a
bi
l
it
y
a
nd
pr
of
it
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na
l
y
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i
s
of
a
f
e
e
di
ng
s
y
s
t
e
m
in
s
uga
r
in
dus
tr
y
,”
I
n
te
r
nat
io
nal
J
our
na
l
of
Sy
s
te
m
A
s
s
u
r
anc
e
E
ngi
ne
e
r
in
g and M
anage
m
e
nt
, v
o
l.
8, n
o
.
S
1
, pp. 301
–
316, J
a
n. 2017, do
i:
10.1007/s
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015
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0378
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y.
[
16]
M
.
S
.
K
a
d
y
a
n
a
nd
R
.
K
uma
r
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A
v
a
il
a
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li
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s
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o
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l
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-
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ta
ll
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z
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ti
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n
s
y
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te
m
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th
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uga
r
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tr
y
,”
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
J
our
nal
o
f
Sy
s
te
m
A
s
s
ur
an
c
e
E
ngi
ne
e
r
in
g
and
M
anage
m
e
nt
,
v
o
l.
8,
pp.
1450
–
1460,
2017,
do
i:
10.1007/s
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017
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8.
[
17]
M
.
G
im
a
de
e
v
,
A
.
L
i,
V
.
B
e
r
kun,
a
nd
V
.
S
t
e
lm
a
k
ov
,
“
E
x
pe
r
im
e
nt
a
l
s
tu
d
y
of
th
e
d
y
na
mi
c
s
of
th
e
ma
c
hi
ni
ng
pr
oc
e
s
s
b
y
ba
ll
-
e
nd
mi
ll
s
,”
O
br
abot
k
a M
e
ta
ll
ov
, v
o
l.
25, n
o
. 1, pp. 44
–
56, M
a
r
. 202
3, do
i:
10.17212/1994
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6309
-
2023
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2
5.1
-
44
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56.
[
18]
P
.
R
.
S
o
na
w
a
ne
,
S
.
B
ha
nda
r
i,
R
.
B
.
P
a
ti
l,
a
nd
S
.
A
l
-
D
a
hi
di
,
“
R
e
li
a
bi
li
t
y
a
nd
C
r
it
ic
a
li
t
y
A
na
l
y
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L
a
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g
e
-
S
c
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o
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y
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g
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ul
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ppr
o
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h,”
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ta
in
abi
li
ty
(
Sw
it
z
e
r
la
nd)
,
vo
l.
15,
n
o
.
5,
p.
4609,
M
a
r
.
2
0
23,
do
i:
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[
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Y
.
X
u,
S
.
K
o
ht
z
,
J
.
B
o
a
k
y
e
,
P
.
G
a
r
d
o
ni
,
a
nd
P
.
W
a
ng,
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h
ys
ic
s
-
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o
r
m
e
d
ma
c
hi
n
e
l
e
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r
ni
ng
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o
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r
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li
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li
t
y
a
nd
s
y
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t
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ms
s
a
f
e
t
y
a
ppl
ic
a
ti
o
ns
:
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ta
te
of
th
e
a
r
t
a
nd
c
ha
ll
e
nge
s
,”
R
e
li
abi
li
ty
E
ngi
ne
e
r
in
g
and
Sy
s
te
m
Sa
f
e
ty
,
v
ol
.
23
0,
p.
108900,
F
e
b.
2023,
do
i:
10.1016/j
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r
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s
s
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[
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D
.
K
.
N
a
y
a
k,
D
.
P
.
D
a
s
,
S
.
K
.
B
e
h
e
r
a
,
a
nd
S
.
P
.
D
a
s
,
“
M
o
ni
to
r
in
g
th
e
f
il
l
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ve
l
of
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ba
ll
mi
ll
us
in
g
v
ib
r
a
ti
o
n
s
e
ns
in
g
a
nd
a
r
ti
f
i
c
ia
l
ne
ur
a
l
n
e
tw
o
r
k,”
N
e
ur
al
C
om
put
in
g and A
ppl
ic
at
io
ns
, vo
l.
3
2,
no
. 5, pp. 1501
–
1511, 2020, d
o
i:
10.1007/s
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019
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04555
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5.
[
21]
S
.
L
.
T
y
a
gi
a
nd
S
.
B
a
ns
a
l,
“
O
pt
im
iz
a
ti
o
n
M
o
de
l
f
o
r
W
a
s
te
w
a
te
r
T
r
e
a
tm
e
nt
P
r
oc
e
s
s
,”
in
2023
3r
d
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
C
on
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
on
A
dv
anc
e
C
om
put
in
g
and
I
nnov
at
iv
e
T
e
c
hnol
ogi
e
s
in
E
ngi
ne
e
r
in
g,
I
C
A
C
I
T
E
2023
,
M
a
y
2023,
pp.
165
–
168,
do
i:
10.1109/
I
C
A
C
I
T
E
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[
22]
S
.
L
.
T
y
a
gi
,
S
.
B
a
ns
a
l,
P
.
A
ga
r
w
a
l,
a
nd
A
.
S
.
Y
a
da
v
,
“
M
a
th
e
ma
ti
c
a
l
m
o
d
e
li
ng
a
nd
a
v
a
il
a
bi
li
t
y
a
na
l
y
s
is
of
le
a
f
s
p
r
in
g
ma
nuf
a
c
tu
r
in
g
pl
a
nt
,”
P
e
r
ta
ni
k
a
J
our
nal
of
Sc
ie
n
c
e
and
T
e
c
hnol
ogy
,
vo
l.
29,
n
o
.
2,
pp.
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–
1051,
A
pr
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2021,
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s
t.
29.2.18.
[
23]
S
.
B
a
ns
a
l,
S
.
L
a
l
T
y
a
gi
,
a
nd
V
.
K
uma
r
V
e
r
ma
,
“
P
e
r
f
or
ma
n
c
e
mo
d
e
li
ng
a
nd
a
v
a
il
a
bi
li
t
y
a
na
l
y
s
is
of
s
c
r
e
w
ma
nu
f
a
c
tu
r
in
g
p
la
nt
,”
M
at
e
r
ia
ls
T
oday
:
P
r
oc
e
e
di
ngs
, vo
l.
57, pp. 1985
–
1988, 2022, d
o
i:
10.1016/j
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ma
tp
r
.2021.10.170.
[
24]
P
.
C
ha
udha
r
y
a
nd
S
.
B
a
ns
a
l,
“
A
s
s
e
s
s
m
e
nt
of
th
e
r
e
li
a
bi
li
t
y
p
e
r
f
or
ma
nc
e
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y
dr
o
-
e
l
e
c
tr
i
c
p
o
w
e
r
s
ta
ti
o
n,”
in
2023
3r
d
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
C
on
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
on
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dv
anc
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om
put
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nnov
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e
T
e
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hnol
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e
s
in
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ngi
ne
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r
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g,
I
C
A
C
I
T
E
2023
,
M
a
y
2023,
pp. 148
–
153, do
i:
10.1109/
I
C
A
C
I
T
E
57410.2023.10183056.
[
25]
U
.
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o
d
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r
a
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