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[
1]
,
[
2]
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F
a
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m
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[
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4]
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9]
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
I
n
do
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s
i
a
n
J
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c
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g
&
C
o
m
p
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c
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,
Vo
l
.
25
,
N
o
.
2
,
F
e
b
r
ua
r
y
20
22
:
755
-
762
756
l
e
a
ka
g
e
f
l
u
x
b
e
t
we
e
n
t
h
e
i
nne
r
a
n
d
o
ut
e
r
c
o
i
l
s
.
T
he
c
o
i
l
is
s
t
r
e
t
c
h
e
d
by
a
r
a
d
i
a
l
f
o
r
c
e
,
whi
c
h
c
o
m
pr
e
s
s
e
s
t
h
e
i
nne
r
c
o
i
l
.
T
hi
s
i
nduc
e
s
pr
e
s
s
ur
e
on
t
h
e
l
i
ne
r
i
ng,
r
e
s
u
l
t
i
n
g
in
pa
r
t
i
a
l
c
o
i
l
w
i
r
e
b
e
n
d
i
ng.
T
h
e
b
e
n
d
i
ng
m
o
m
e
n
t
w
i
ll
f
ur
t
h
e
r
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
e
,
r
e
s
u
l
t
i
n
g
in
an
“
a
v
a
l
a
n
c
he
”
.
I
n
s
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
r
e
s
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
(
I
R
)
,
t
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
tu
rn
r
a
t
i
o
(
T
T
R
)
,
a
n
d
f
r
e
qu
e
n
c
y
r
e
s
po
n
s
e
a
n
a
ly
s
i
s
(
F
R
A
)
a
r
e
f
r
e
que
n
t
ly
u
s
e
d
to
a
s
s
e
s
s
t
h
e
he
a
l
t
h
of
t
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
s
[
10]
.
S
h
o
r
t
c
i
r
c
u
i
t
s
can
o
c
c
ur
a
c
r
o
s
s
a
ny
t
wo
l
i
ne
s
or
wh
e
n
t
he
n
e
ut
r
a
l
po
i
n
t
of
t
h
e
t
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
is
gr
o
un
de
d
b
e
t
we
e
n
a
ny
li
ne
s
[
11]
.
F
i
gur
e
1(
a
)
s
h
o
ws
an
im
pa
c
t
of
c
o
n
t
i
nuo
us
o
v
e
r
c
ur
r
e
n
t
c
a
us
i
n
g
t
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
to
b
e
c
o
m
e
s
h
o
r
t
c
i
r
c
u
i
t
.
M
e
a
nw
hi
l
e
,
F
i
gur
e
1(
b
)
s
h
o
ws
a
n
o
t
h
e
r
i
mpac
t
of
o
v
e
r
c
ur
r
e
n
t
by
de
v
e
l
o
p
i
ng
w
i
n
d
i
ng
de
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
.
To
da
t
e
,
u
t
i
li
t
i
e
s
i
m
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
a
s
t
r
a
t
e
gy
to
m
o
ni
t
o
r
th
e
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
of
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
s
t
h
r
o
ugh
t
h
r
e
e
t
i
e
r
s
na
m
e
ly
,
i
)
t
i
e
r
1
-
r
o
u
t
i
n
e
o
nli
ne
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
a
s
s
e
s
s
m
e
n
t
,
i
i
)
t
i
e
r
2
-
o
f
f
li
ne
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
a
s
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e
s
s
m
e
n
t
,
a
n
d
iii
)
t
i
e
r
3
-
a
dv
a
n
c
e
d
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
a
s
s
e
s
s
m
e
n
t
[
12]
-
[
15]
.
T
i
e
r
1
pe
r
t
a
i
ns
to
c
h
e
mi
c
a
l
t
e
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t
s
s
uc
h
as
d
i
s
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v
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d
ga
s
a
n
a
ly
s
i
s
,
o
i
l
a
n
a
ly
s
i
s
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
r
m
o
gr
a
phy
.
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
t
e
s
t
m
e
t
h
o
ds
s
uc
h
as
IR
a
n
d
TTR
a
r
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a
l
s
o
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s
e
d
to
m
o
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o
r
t
h
e
c
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nd
i
t
i
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of
t
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
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n
d
a
r
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c
a
t
e
gor
i
z
e
d
un
de
r
t
i
e
r
2,
whi
l
e
F
R
A
is
c
a
t
e
go
r
i
z
e
d
un
d
e
r
t
i
e
r
3.
Al
l
of
t
h
e
s
e
m
e
t
ho
ds
can
be
us
e
d
to
de
t
e
c
t
t
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
f
a
u
l
t
s
b
a
s
e
d
on
t
h
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i
r
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
g
y
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s
y
s
t
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m
a
d
v
a
n
c
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m
e
n
t
,
r
o
b
us
t
n
e
s
s
,
a
n
d
pr
i
c
i
ng.
In
t
hi
s
s
t
udy
,
t
h
e
e
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
n
e
s
s
of
I
R
,
T
T
R
,
a
n
d
F
R
A
in
de
t
e
c
t
i
n
g
c
o
m
m
o
n
t
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
f
a
u
l
t
s
(
s
h
o
r
t
c
i
r
c
u
i
t
a
n
d
w
i
nd
i
ng
de
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
)
is
a
s
s
e
s
s
e
d.
It
is
b
e
li
e
v
e
d
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
f
i
nd
i
ngs
of
t
hi
s
s
t
ud
y
w
il
l
f
a
c
il
i
t
a
t
e
i
n
dus
t
r
i
a
l
pr
a
c
t
i
t
i
o
n
e
r
s
to
i
de
n
t
i
f
y
w
hi
c
h
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
t
e
s
t
m
e
t
h
o
d
is
be
s
t
f
o
r
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
m
o
ni
t
o
r
i
n
g
of
t
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
s
.
(
a
)
(
b
)
F
i
gur
e
1.
T
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
f
a
u
l
t
s
:
(
a
)
s
h
o
r
t
c
i
r
c
u
i
t
a
n
d
(
b
)
w
i
n
d
i
ng
de
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
[
11]
-
I
n
s
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
r
e
s
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
IR
t
e
s
t
is
f
o
c
us
e
d
on
m
e
a
s
ur
i
ng
t
h
e
c
ur
r
e
n
t
t
h
a
t
f
l
o
ws
t
h
r
o
ugh
an
i
ns
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
or
i
s
o
l
a
t
i
n
g
s
t
r
uc
t
ur
e
up
on
t
h
e
a
pp
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
of
a
DC
v
o
l
t
a
ge
[
16]
.
T
h
e
IR
of
a
t
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
is
m
e
a
s
ur
e
d
b
e
t
we
e
n
hi
g
h
v
o
l
t
a
ge
w
i
n
d
i
n
g
a
nd
l
o
w
v
o
l
t
a
ge
/ea
r
t
h
w
i
n
d
i
ng
w
i
t
h
r
e
s
p
e
c
t
to
g
r
o
un
d
[
17]
.
T
h
e
m
e
a
s
ur
e
m
e
n
t
r
e
a
d
i
n
g
s
a
r
e
t
a
ke
n
f
r
o
m
t
h
r
e
e
l
o
c
a
t
i
o
ns
:
i
)
hi
g
h
v
o
l
t
a
ge
s
i
d
e
,
ii
)
l
o
w
v
o
l
t
a
ge
s
ide,
a
n
d
iii
)
hi
g
h
-
to
-
l
o
w
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
s
i
de
.
T
h
e
po
l
a
r
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
i
nde
x
(
P
I
)
is
us
e
d
to
a
s
s
e
s
s
t
h
e
I
R
,
a
n
d
is
g
i
v
e
n
by
(
1)
,
P
I
=
10
1
(
1)
wh
e
r
e
IR
10
a
n
d
IR
1
de
n
o
t
e
t
h
e
I
R
r
e
a
di
n
g
a
t
10
m
i
n
a
n
d
1
m
i
n
,
r
e
s
pe
c
t
i
v
e
ly
.
-
T
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
t
ur
n
r
a
t
i
o
I
n
t
h
e
T
T
R
t
e
s
t
,
t
h
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t
ur
n
r
a
t
i
o
,
ph
a
s
e
s
hi
f
t
,
a
n
d
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xc
i
t
a
t
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o
n
c
ur
r
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t
of
d
i
s
t
r
i
b
ut
i
o
n
a
n
d
po
we
r
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
s
a
r
e
m
e
a
s
ur
e
d
[
16]
,
[
18]
.
T
h
e
I
E
E
E
C
57.
12
.
90
-
20
15
s
t
a
n
da
r
d
is
t
h
e
s
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
t
e
s
t
c
o
de
f
o
r
o
i
l
-
im
mer
s
e
d
d
i
s
t
r
i
b
ut
i
o
n
a
n
d
po
we
r
t
r
a
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s
f
o
r
m
e
r
s
[
19]
.
T
h
e
tur
n
r
a
t
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o
is
b
a
s
i
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y
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of
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r
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r
m
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us
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(
2)
,
(
3)
a
n
d
(
4)
.
R
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r
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3)
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me
thods
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(
Shar
in
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Ghani
)
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T
R
(
%
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4)
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F
r
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po
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w
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d
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c
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w
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[
20]
,
[
21]
.
T
hi
s
t
e
s
t
m
e
t
h
o
d
i
s
be
i
n
g
gr
a
dua
ll
y
i
n
t
r
o
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d
i
n
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h
e
f
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d
o
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t
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t
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t
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a
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d
d
i
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n
o
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s
[
22]
.
F
R
A
o
r
s
we
e
p
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po
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t
r
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h
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[
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RE
S
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3.
1.
T
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2
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5(
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,
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122, 2015.
[
3]
S
.
T
e
nb
o
hl
e
n,
S
.
C
o
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n,
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.
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ol
. 9, n
o
. 5, 2016, d
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n90
50347.
[
4]
J
.
S
.
N
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r
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s
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l.
9,
no
. 5, 2016, d
o
i:
10.3390/
e
n9050367
.
[
5]
C
. R
a
jo
tt
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al
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C
ig
r
é
B
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hur
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445
-
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ans
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, C
I
G
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c
hni
c
a
l
B
r
oc
hu
r
e
, 2011.
[
6]
H
.
d
e
F
a
r
ia
,
J
.
G
.
S
.
C
o
s
ta
,
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nd
J
.
L
.
M
.
O
li
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s
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ta
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gy
R
e
v
ie
w
s
,
v
o
l.
46,
pp.
201
–
209,
2015,
do
i:
10.1016
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.r
s
e
r
.2015.02.052.
[
7]
Y
.
Z
.
Y
.
G
ha
z
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li
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.
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nat
io
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on E
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D
i
s
tr
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ut
io
n
, 2015
.
[
8]
M
.
M
.
I
s
la
m,
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.
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,
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ma
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a
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m
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s
,”
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le
c
tr
ic
al
E
ngi
ne
e
r
in
g
, v
o
l.
100, no
. 2,
pp.
581
–
605
,
2018, d
o
i:
10.1007/s
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017
-
0532
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4.
[
9]
S
.
A
b
G
ha
ni
,
Y
.
H
.
M
d
T
ha
y
oob,
Y
.
Z
.
Y
.
G
ha
z
a
li
,
M
.
S
.
A
.
K
hi
a
r
,
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nd
I
.
S
.
C
ha
ir
ul
,
“
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v
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lu
a
ti
o
n
of
tr
a
ns
f
o
r
m
e
r
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ta
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f
o
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di
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tr
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ut
i
o
n
tr
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ns
f
o
r
m
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r
s
,”
2012
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E
E
E
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
P
o
w
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r
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ngi
ne
e
r
in
g
and
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pt
imi
z
at
io
n
C
onf
e
r
e
nc
e
M
e
la
k
a,
M
al
ay
s
ia
,
2012,
pp.
448
-
453,
do
i:
10.1109/P
E
O
C
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[
10]
M
.
K
.
I
la
mpoor
na
n
a
nd
M
.
V
ik
a
s
,
“
T
r
a
ns
f
o
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m
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t
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ti
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y
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r
e
qu
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y
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e
s
po
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e
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na
l
y
s
is
,”
I
O
SR
J
our
nal
of
E
le
c
tr
ic
al
and
E
le
c
tr
oni
c
s
E
ngi
ne
e
r
in
g
, v
o
l.
1, n
o
. 4, pp. 27
–
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i:
10.
9790/1676
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[
11]
S
.
A
.
G
ha
ni
,
Y
.
H
.
M
.
T
ha
y
oob,
Y
.
Z
.
Y
.
G
ha
z
a
li
,
M
.
S
.
A
.
K
hi
a
r
,
a
nd
I
.
S
.
C
ha
ir
ul
,
“
C
o
ndi
ti
o
n
M
o
n
it
o
r
in
g
of
D
is
tr
ib
ut
io
n
T
r
a
ns
f
or
m
e
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’
s
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e
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ha
ni
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a
l
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r
ts
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p
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c
y
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e
s
po
ns
e
A
na
l
y
s
is
(
S
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R
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)
,”
P
r
oc
e
di
a
E
n
gi
ne
e
r
in
g
,
vo
l.
68,
pp.
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–
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i:
10.1016/j
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r
oe
ng.2013.12.208.
[
12]
Y
.
Z
.
Y
.
G
ha
z
a
li
,
M
.
A
.
T
a
li
b,
a
nd
H
.
A
.
R
o
s
li
,
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x
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e
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i
e
nc
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in
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o
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ti
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n
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s
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me
nt
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nd
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f
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na
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e
nt
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tr
ib
u
ti
o
n
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o
w
e
r
T
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a
ns
f
o
r
m
e
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s
,”
i
n
20t
h I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
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onf
e
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e
n
c
e
on E
le
c
tr
ic
it
y
D
is
tr
ib
ut
io
n
, 2009, pp. 8
–
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[
13]
A
.
M
.
S
e
l
v
a
e
t
al
.,
“
A
ppl
i
c
a
ti
o
n
of
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ta
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r
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S
A
:
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ha
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i,
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.
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s
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s
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4028/www
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25]
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