TELKOM
NIKA Indonesia
n
Journal of
Electrical En
gineering
Vol.12, No.5, May 2014, pp
. 3501 ~ 35
0
8
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomni
ka.v12i5.3503
3501
Re
cei
v
ed
Jun
e
17, 2013; Revi
sed
De
ce
m
ber 10, 201
3; Acce
pted
De
cem
ber 3
0
,
2013
A Three-phase AC-Voltage Regulator System
Guoshu
n Zh
ou*, Tu Ya, Shukun Zh
ao
Dali
an Ne
usoft
Universit
y
of Informatio
n
, Dal
i
an, Ch
ina
*Corres
p
onding author, e-ma
il: zhouguos
hun@neusoft.edu.
cn
A
b
st
r
a
ct
Three-phase A
C
-voltage regulati
or system
s
using silicon c
ontrolled r
e
ctifier (SCR) have bee
n
broa
dly ap
pli
e
d in ind
u
stria
l
field.T
h
is pa
per in
tro
duces
a novel des
i
gn of three-p
hase AC-v
olta
ge
regu
latio
n
trig
g
e
r circu
i
try w
i
th SCR
an
d ST
M32
micr
oco
n
troller, an
d
pr
es
ents
its app
lic
a
t
ion in an en
er
gy-
savin
g
desi
gn
of oil extractor control syste
m
. This des
ign e
m
p
l
oys ph
otoe
l
e
ctric isolati
on
techni
qu
e and
the
inter-p
hase
of
three-p
has
e
pow
er sup
p
ly
itself, only t
h
ree gr
ou
ps of trigg
e
rin
g
sig
n
a
l
s are r
equ
ire
d
t
o
control th
e six
thyristors
’
con
ductin
g
an
gl
es
. T
he gen
erati
on of h
i
gh-
pre
c
ision tri
g
g
e
rin
g
sign
als
and
PID
control re
gu
lat
o
r functio
n
s ar
e real
i
z
e
d
by p
r
ogra
m
mi
ng th
e multip
le h
i
g
h
-
perfor
m
a
n
ce ti
mers
and th
e
AD
interface of
a ST
M32 micro
p
r
ocessor.
Exp
e
ri
ments
an
d i
n
-fiel
d
tests h
a
ve sh
ow
n th
e feasi
b
il
ity of
the
prop
osed sc
he
me.
Ke
y
w
ords
:
SC
R, trigger circu
i
t, three-phas
e asynch
r
ono
us motor,
ST
M32 micr
ocontr
o
ll
er
Copy
right
©
2014 In
stitu
t
e o
f
Ad
van
ced
En
g
i
n
eerin
g and
Scien
ce. All
rig
h
t
s reser
ve
d
.
1. Introduc
tion
The key poi
nt of a thyristor three
-
ph
ase p
o
wer-supply reg
u
lat
o
r is to calculate the
trigge
r angle
in accordan
ce with the inter-pha
se
reg
u
lar of the three-p
h
a
s
e po
wer
sup
p
ly, then
to trigge
r the
corre
s
p
ondin
g
six thyri
s
tors reli
ably a
n
d
effectively when
colle
ct th
e po
we
r supp
ly
voltage o
r
cu
rre
nt syn
c
h
r
o
n
izatio
n si
gn
al accu
rate
ly.
The traditio
nal thyri
s
tor t
r
igge
r
circuit
is
divided into analo
g
and
digital circuit
trigger mo
d
e
s. Furth
e
rm
ore the digit
a
l trigge
r mo
de is
divided into
dual
-pul
se
trigge
r
syn
c
hroni
zing
with
supply
voltage, wide pul
se
trigger
synchro
n
izi
n
g
with
sup
p
ly voltage, dual
- pulse tr
ig
ge
r syn
c
hroni
zin
g
with
po
wer pha
se
cu
rre
n
t,
and so
on. T
hese
tri
gger m
odes
cont
rol the tri
gger
t
h
yristors turni
ng on and
off, in need
of t
h
e
synchro
n
ization sig
nal a
s
a refere
nce
,
acco
rdi
ng
to the pre-d
e
sig
ned
seq
uen
ce. Even
if
disturbed o
u
tside, the seq
uen
ce shoul
d
not chan
ge[1
,
2].
So as to achieve high
reli
ability, high
prec
isi
on of t
he three-pha
se voltage regulation
must satisfy the followi
ng
con
d
ition
s
: accurate
syn
c
hroni
zin
g
si
g
nal a
c
qui
sitio
n
, high p
r
e
c
i
s
ion
and st
ron
g
a
n
ti-interfe
ren
c
e cap
ability of the thyr
istor trigg
e
r p
u
l
s
e an
d isol
ation of output.
In
orde
r to achi
eve objective
s above, after refer to
the other re
se
arches, we p
r
op
ose
d
this de
sign
usin
g the
hig
h
ly perfo
rma
n
ce
32
-bit ST
M32 mi
croc
ontroller combi
n
ing spec
ific synthetic
trigger
circuit of m
a
i
n
ci
rcuit. This method
ha
s
been vali
date
d
thro
ugh th
e
actual
expe
ri
ment an
d verify
the reliably of
controlli
ng th
ree
-
ph
ase motor load volt
age.
2. The Ov
erall Designs of the Phase
-s
hift Trigger
Regula
t
or S
y
stem
The p
h
a
s
e-shift trigger vo
ltage regulati
on sy
stem i
s
com
p
o
s
ed
o
f
the output
pha
se to
pha
se voltag
e dete
c
tion
circuit,
ze
ro-crossing
syn
c
h
r
oni
zation
si
g
nal d
e
tection
circuit, p
h
a
s
e
seq
uen
ce
det
ection
ci
rcuit, the STM
32
core
and
pe
rip
heral
ci
rcuit, trigge
r
pul
se
gene
ration
a
n
d
the outp
u
t ci
rcuit, ph
otoele
c
tri
c
isolating
and
drivin
g
ci
rcuit
of SCR,
and vo
ltag
e regulatin
g
ci
rcuit
of SCR, a
s
shown in
Figu
re 1.
T
he
syst
em
can
calcul
ate the
po
wer facto
r
a
ngle
according
to t
he
detecte
d zero syn
c
hroni
zation sig
nal
s
and the p
h
a
s
e differen
c
e
of curre
n
t an
d voltage of l
oad.
Additionally, i
t
can
re
gulat
e the o
u
tput
voltage by
a
d
j
usting th
e tri
ggeri
ng
angle
of output tri
g
ger
pulse se
que
n
c
e, so a
s
to g
r
eatly improv
e the power factor.
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ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 12, No. 5, May 2014: 3501 – 35
08
3502
Figure 1. Structure
Diag
ra
m of
the SCR Regul
ator System
3. The Desig
n
and Analy
s
is of Voltag
e
Regula
t
ion
Circuit and
Trigger Puls
e Sequenc
e
A typical
wav
e
of three-phase power i
s
illustra
ted i
n
Figure 2.
We know that t
he
split
three
-
ph
ase wave
s
(,,
)
UV
W
are completely sy
mmetrical, an
d their differe
nce
s
bet
wee
n
ea
ch
two pha
se a
r
e 120° (
23
). Th
e curre
n
t in this situ
ation is switch
ed in
every 60° (
3
), and its
swit
chin
g order convert
regula
r
ly accordi
ng to the cha
nge
of inter-p
hase voltage. The
intersectio
n
points amo
n
g
the
three
-
pha
se wa
ves
ar
e
th
e
na
tu
r
a
l
c
o
n
v
er
s
i
on
po
in
ts o
f
rectification i
n
non
-control time. As sh
own i
n
Fi
gu
re 2, 1~6 Poi
n
ts are the e
a
rlie
st mome
nts
whi
c
h ca
n
b
e
trigge
red
by SCR, and
the
s
e six point
s
are
sta
r
ting
p
o
ints
of
cal
c
ul
ation to
re
gul
ate
voltage for
U pha
se trig
ge
r angl
e
α
und
er the p
u
re resi
stive load
con
d
ition
s
. In this Figu
re, t
he
angle of 1 poi
nt from ze
ro-cro
ssing p
o
in
t for U pha
se
voltage is 30
°
(
π
/6).
Figure 2. Dia
g
ram of the T
h
ree Ph
ase AC
Figure 3. The
Main Circuit
Topolo
g
y of Sy
stem
Figure 4. Sch
e
matic Di
ag
ram of the
0_cro
ss Syn
c
Signal Gene
rate Circuit
Figure 3 is th
e SCR voltag
e reg
u
lating
circuit of thre
e-ph
ase a
s
yn
chrono
us m
o
tor [3],
whi
c
h contai
ns VT1
~
VT6
and three g
r
oup
s of RC snub
ber
circuits. The pri
n
cipl
e is that
the
orde
r
of VT1
~
VT6
every 6
0
°, two
thyrist
o
rs a
r
e tri
gge
d at trig
ge
r a
ngle
α
[
α
≥
ma
x (
φ
,
γ
), w
h
ere
φ
is powe
r
an
gle,
γ
is pha
se differen
c
e b
e
twee
n ze
ro-cro
ssing a
nd
natural p
h
a
s
e
chan
ge point
].
Namely, at the time of the trigg
e
r a
ngle, tr
igg
e
r every thyri
s
tor a
s
well
as trig
ger
the
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TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
A Three
-
ph
ase AC-Voltag
e
Regul
ator System
(Guo
sh
un Zhou
)
3503
corre
s
p
ondin
g
thyristor
su
ch a
s
VT2 si
multaneo
usly
. Therefo
r
e the thre
e-p
h
a
s
e a
s
ynchron
o
u
s
motor voltag
e re
gulatio
n
can
be
reali
z
ed by
cont
ro
l
ling trig
ger a
ngle
s
an
d
circulatin
g trig
g
e
r
corre
s
p
ondin
g
thyristo
rs i
n
every 60
° i
n
the
orde
r (VT1, VT2), (VT2,
VT3), (VT3, VT4), (VT4,
VT5), (VT5, VT6), (VT6, VT
1), (VT1, VT2)…. [9, 10].
The syn
c
h
r
on
ization
sign
al
colle
ction ci
rcuit of
U-pha
se voltage i
s
sho
w
n in Fi
g
u
re 4. In
this pap
er, th
ree
-
ph
ase voltage (U, V, W) are
con
n
e
c
ted to a publi
c point via 100
k/1W
re
sisto
r
s,
whi
c
h is
con
s
idere
d
as
a referen
c
e
poin
t
(digital gro
u
nd) for
stro
ng
and we
ak
el
ectri
c
ity. First
l
y,
U-p
h
a
s
e volt
age i
s
cl
amp
ed to TTL, a
n
d
Q1 o
u
tputs
squ
a
re
wave
that inverse
with a
sine
wave.
In addition, U-pha
se voltag
e can ge
nera
t
e squa
re
wa
ve that has the sam
e
pha
se with U-ph
ase
usin
g CD409
6. Finally, the
signal is U-p
hase volt
age zero-crossin
g
synch
r
oni
zati
on sign
al call
ed
U_Sy
nc.
In this pape
r, signal g
ene
rating and d
r
iving thyr
isto
r trigge
r ci
rcuit is de
sign
ed shown in
Figure 5. J1
is a wiring
term
inal so
cket con
n
e
c
ting thyristo
r. U10
~
U15 a
r
e photo
e
le
ctri
c
cou
p
lers,
whi
c
h
ca
n i
s
olat
e the
STM32
co
ntrol
si
gna
l from
strong
power. T
h
is
circuit
features i
s
to apply o
n
ly three
g
r
oup
s of trigg
e
ri
ng
sign
als to
co
ntrol the
six t
h
yristo
rs. It redu
ce
s in
a
half
numbe
r
of
CPU
co
ntrol
sig
nal
s, so
as to
si
mp
lifying the
complexity of co
ntrol
soft
ware
effec
t
ively.
The sta
r
ting
p
o
ints of the tri
gger
pul
se
si
gnal
s are co
mputed in ST
M32, acco
rdi
ng to the
power an
gl
e
φ
and the nece
s
sa
ry down
-
reg
u
lated voltage. The U-pha
s
e volt
age
synchro
n
ization sig
nal is
con
s
id
ere
d
a
s
refe
re
n
c
e
sign
al. The cycle interval
of these trig
ger
pulse sig
nals
must be 60
°.
Figure 5. Sch
e
matic Di
ag
ram of the SCR Flip-flo
p Circuit
After analysi
s
, the desig
ned trigg
e
r p
u
lse si
gnal
seque
n
ces Fi
gure in this
pape
r is
sho
w
n i
n
Fi
gure
6. Fo
r U_T
r
igg
e
r,
V_Trigg
e
r
an
d W_Tri
gge
r, they use
U-pha
se
volta
ge
synchro
n
ization si
gnal
a
s
referen
c
e
sig
nal. As
sho
w
n in thi
s
figu
re, the pul
s
e
pha
se diffe
re
nce
among
U_T
r
i
gger, V_Tri
g
ger an
d W_
Trigg
e
r is 6
0
°. In one cycle (
ω
t
∈
[0,2
π
]), U_Trigger,
V_Trigg
e
r
an
d W_
Trig
ge
r
gene
rate fou
r
highly de
pen
dent pul
s
e
s
.
These p
u
lse
s
are
gen
e
rate
d
perio
dicity by
STM32 a
nd
alway
s
ap
pe
ar in th
e
stationary
pha
s
e,
as l
ong
as the trig
ger an
gle
para
m
eter i
s
not cha
nge
d [7, 8].
In orde
r to more
clea
rly descri
be the
prin
cipl
e of t
h
is ci
rcuit, this pap
er intro
d
uces a
voltage reg
u
l
a
tion equival
ent circuit of three
-
p
h
a
s
e a
s
ynchro
nou
s
motor that is
sho
w
n in Fig
u
re
7. In this figure, the desi
g
nator of re
si
stance,
capa
ci
tor and dio
d
e
are con
s
ist
ent with Figu
re
3~Fig
u
re 5, a
nd S1~S6
are stro
ng ele
c
t
r
icity swit
ch
e
s
of photo
e
le
ctri
c co
uple
r
s. In the Figure 6
and Figu
re 7,
K4, K6 and
K2 are re
sp
e
c
tively conne
cted with three-p
h
a
s
e po
wer
sup
p
ly, and
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ISSN: 23
02-4
0
46
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 12, No. 5, May 2014: 3501 – 35
08
3504
S1~S6
ca
n b
e
op
ene
d wh
en the
r
e i
s
no
trigge
r
pul
se.
Beca
use of t
h
e g
a
te
curre
n
t ca
nnot
rea
c
h
to the minim
u
m gate DC
curre
n
t that is the ne
ce
ssa
ry of the thyristo
r from bl
ocking to o
p
e
n
ing
durin
g the e
a
c
h p
h
a
s
e current commut
a
ting, theref
o
r
e the moto
r
can
not turn
when three-ph
ase
power supply
does n
o
t loa
d
the motor.
Figure 6. Timing Ch
art of the SCR T
r
igge
r Signal
s
Duri
ng the p
e
riod
ωt
∈
0,
π
, the positive half-round of
the
U-ph
ase ca
se, set the
U_Sync
ze
ro
-cro
ssi
ng poi
nt as
the be
nchm
ark. After the dela
y
angle (th
e
tri
ggered an
gle
α
in
the Figu
re
6) the trigg
e
r
pulses
U_
Tri
gger an
d W_
Trigg
e
r
are
i
s
sued
sim
u
ltaneo
u
sly, wh
ich
equivalent to
S1, S2, S5
and S
6
switche
s
a
r
e
cl
ose
d
. As ti
me ha
s
pa
ssed
the n
a
tural
comm
utation
point (the poi
nt1 in
fugure
1
) of U and
W. Becau
s
e
of the U-poi
n
t
voltage gre
a
ter
than the
W p
o
int voltage,
so the
cu
rren
t can flo
w
fr
o
m
point
U (K
4) to the
poin
t W (K2
)
by
R15,
R3, S1, S2, R14, L1, L3,
R18, S6, S5, R11 an
d R19.
At this time, K4 point volta
g
e is
high
er t
han
G4, G1 p
o
int
voltage hig
h
e
r than
K1, K5 point voltage hi
ghe
r than the
G5,
G2 poi
n
t voltage
highe
r than K
2
. Acco
rdin
g
thyristor
cha
r
acteri
stic
ca
n
be dra
w
n: a
s
long
as the
G-poi
n
t voltage
is high
er tha
n
K-point volta
ge and
cu
rre
n
t dire
ction
consi
s
tent with
the dire
ction
of the thyristor,
then this thyri
s
tor
can b
e
triggered, nam
ely VT
1 and
VT2 are
con
d
u
cted, which
con
s
i
s
tent wit
h
desi
gn idea
s.
During the
perio
d
ωt
∈
π,
2
π
, in
terms of U-ph
a
s
e neg
ative half-roun
d, same
prin
ciple, not
repe
at analysis.
Figure 7. Equivalent Circuit
of Voltage Control for A
s
ynch
ron
o
u
s
M
o
tor
Thro
ugh the
above an
alysis, if the prop
er thre
e gro
u
p
s of trigge
r
sign
als (Figu
r
e 6) wa
s
gene
rated, a
pplied
with th
e ci
rcuit
s
in
Figure 3 to
5
,
it’s to cont
rol the inp
u
t voltage of th
re
e-
pha
se m
o
tor effectively b
y
adju
s
ting t
he valu
e of t
he trig
ge
ring
angl
e al
pha
and
a
c
hieve
the
purp
o
se of re
gulating.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
A Three
-
ph
ase AC-Voltag
e
Regul
ator System
(Guo
sh
un Zhou
)
3505
For sta
nda
rd pure resi
stive
load, as long
as
trigge
red
at a particula
r time point after the
natural flo
w
changi
ng poi
nts, that will m
a
ke th
e
corre
s
po
ndin
g
thyristor
con
d
u
c
ting. Othe
rwi
s
e,
whe
n
the falli
ng ed
ge of t
he trig
ger
pul
se p
o
sitio
n
s i
n
the poi
nt b
e
fore
a natu
r
al co
mmutati
on
point, that
will
ca
use a
mi
ssing
trigg
e
r.
So in
a p
u
re
resi
stive loa
d
ca
se, if the
tri
gger pul
se
wi
dth
across a natu
r
al flow chan
ging point, then the
co
rre
spondi
ng co
m
m
utated thyri
s
tor is
con
d
u
c
ting
immediately,
as
well
a
s
o
u
tput with
full v
o
ltage.
T
here
f
ore,
whe
n
a
p
p
ly reg
u
lating
co
ntrol;
en
su
re
that the rise e
dge of trigge
r pulse mu
st lag behi
nd the
natural flow
cha
ngin
g
poi
nt.
Contrastin
g t
o
pu
re
re
si
stive load, fo
r
moto
rs a
nd t
he oth
e
r ind
u
c
tive loa
d
s, t
hat may
delay a p
o
we
r angl
e
φ
[3, 4
]. The reg
u
lat
i
ng trigg
e
rin
g
angle
α
sho
u
ld
≥
ma
x(
φ
,
γ
). As l
a
rg
er
as
increa
sing th
e width of trig
ger pul
se
W (
guarantee 3
0
°
< W
< 60°)
will
be mo
re
approp
riate.
4. Sy
stem Soft
w
a
re
Desi
gn
System main
chip
ado
pts S
T
microel
ect
r
onics
com
p
a
n
y pro
d
u
c
tion
STM32 A
R
M
Co
rtex
M3 architect
u
re, develo
p
m
ent platform use
Keil MDK. The software a
d
o
p
ts the mod
u
lar
prog
ram
m
ing
ideas, divide
d into data a
c
qui
sition
mo
dule, trigge
r
sign
al pro
d
u
c
ing modul
e, PID
control mod
u
le, comm
un
ication mo
du
le and hum
an-com
puter interactio
n module. System
softwa
r
e
stru
cture di
ag
ram
is sho
w
n in F
i
gure 8.
Figure 8. Structure
Diag
ra
m of t
he Software SCR Co
ntrol System
Figure 9. Flow Ch
art the Control Softwa
r
e
Among the
m
, the data
acq
u
isitio
n
module i
s
respon
sibl
e
for the
col
l
ection
by
transfo
rme
r
a
nd o
u
tput
sig
nal
reg
u
late
circuit
an
d volt
age
(SCR re
gulating
valu
e), fo
r the
u
s
e of
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46
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 12, No. 5, May 2014: 3501 – 35
08
3506
PID control
m
odule
to d
o
P
V
value; T
r
ig
ger si
gnal
pro
duci
ng
modul
e is mai
n
ly u
s
ed to
o
c
cur at
a
certai
n An
gle
co
ntrol
co
rresp
ondi
ng tri
gger a
wa
ve
of thyristo
r
voltage regul
a
tion effe
ct; PID
control modul
e to complet
e
the control voltage
value
(SV) to a given task [4]; Comm
uni
cati
on
module i
s
re
spo
n
si
ble for the com
p
letion of the regulatin
g
voltage and th
e cont
rol An
gle
para
m
eter to
9600 b
aud
rate output to
the role
of the compute
r
;
Huma
n- M
a
chin
e Intera
ct
ion
module
comp
leted by
keyb
oard
an
d L
C
D di
splay
pan
el
for manu
al testing. Control
software
fl
ow
cha
r
t is shown in Figure 9.
5. Experiment Applica
t
io
ns
This
system i
s
appli
ed for
the elect
r
icity
savi
ng p
r
oje
c
t of pumpin
g
units on oil fi
eld. As
long a
s
con
nect the eq
uipment to a three
-
ph
ase power su
pply and a
three-pha
se
ac
asyn
chrono
u
s
moto
r
referring to
the
re
quire
ment
c
o
rrec
t
ly, the sys
tem will automatic
a
lly track
the load.
Wh
en the lo
ad i
s
light, adj
ust
the volt
age t
o
be lo
w;
wh
en he
avy, to be hig
h
[5, 6
]
.
Becau
s
e of the limitation feature
s
of thyristo
r, adju
s
t
able voltage
can
n
ot be less than 200V
AC.
Otherwise, b
e
ca
use the
condu
ction
an
gle b
e
come
s
bigge
r, too
m
any lo
w o
r
de
r harmoni
c
wa
ves
gene
rated, th
at might cau
s
e cut
-
off mot
o
r
stalling.
As sho
w
n i
n
Fig
u
re
10, the
system g
ene
rat
e
s
one
right
trigg
e
r
sign
al in
a
c
cord
an
ce
wit
h
the
re
quire
ments. Du
rin
g
a
c
tual ope
ration,
the system
achi
eves the
expecte
d re
sults stabl
e an
d reliabl
e.
Figure 10. Di
splay Chart o
f
the Trigge
r Signals
Fi
gure 11. Th
e Wave of Re
gulator O
u
tpu
t
at
30° with
Re
si
stive Load
Figure 12. Th
e Wave of Ou
tput at 60° with
Re
sist
iv
e Lo
a
d
Figure 13. Th
e Wave of Ou
tput at 90° with
Inductive Lo
a
d
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TELKOM
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ISSN:
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046
A Three
-
ph
ase AC-Voltag
e
Regul
ator System
(Guo
sh
un Zhou
)
3507
The
every p
h
a
se
outp
u
t wave with
re
si
stive loa
d
at
30°
and
60
°
con
d
u
c
tion
a
ngle
are
sho
w
in Figu
re 11 an
d Fi
gure 1
2
. Furt
herm
o
re the
inter-pha
se v
o
ltage wave of output with
indu
ctive load
at 90° con
d
u
c
tion an
gle is
sho
w
in Figu
re 13 [11].
In orde
r to verify the accura
cy of the thyr
istor r
e
g
u
lator i
s
giv
e
n as follo
w
s
(1), (2
)
formula of the
cond
uctio
n
a
ngle in a cert
ain AC voltag
e RMS cal
c
ul
ation.
Figure 14 sh
ows the wav
e
form for cal
c
ulatin
g effective voltage
RMS values
of pure
resi
stive lo
ad
at 0°
~6
0°
(u
sing
form
ula
(1)) an
d
60
°~1
2
0°
(u
sing
formula
(2)). According
to o
n
e
s’
figure
s
of pu
re re
sistive lo
ad, motor lo
a
d
(li
ght)
and t
heoretical
cal
c
ulatio
n are sprea
ded
out in
Figure 15,
which ill
ust
r
ate
s
the t
r
en
ds
of theoretical
value a
nd p
u
re
re
sistive l
o
ad a
r
e
ba
si
cally
same.
After t
he tri
gge
ring
angle
at 5
4
° i
ndu
ctive
loa
d
gets involve
d
to
reg
u
late
the voltage
(on
three
-
ph
ase asyn
chrono
u
s
motor). It mean
s that
the motor load i
s
light, neverth
eless, the po
wer
angle i
s
relati
vely large (lo
w
po
wer fa
ctor).
2
2
3
0
ο
3
2
0
οο
3
46
s
i
n
(
)
()
,
0
6
0
1
22
46
s
i
n
(
)
(
)
,
60
120
2
22
rm
s
rm
s
Ut
Ud
t
Ut
Ud
t
u
u
vw
uv
uw
v
w
v
u
w
u
t
t
w
v
uv
uw
v
w
Figure 14. Th
e Output Standard Wave
of at
60° with Re
sistive Lo
a
d
for Math U
rm
s
Figure 15. Th
e Cha
r
t of Re
gulator O
u
tpu
t
at
0° to 120°with Re
si
stive and Indu
ctive Load
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ISSN: 23
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046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 12, No. 5, May 2014: 3501 – 35
08
3508
6. Conclusio
n
This syste
m
use
s
high pe
rforma
nce
S
T
M32
mi
cro
c
ontrolle
r
to d
e
sig
n
a phot
oele
c
tric
isolatio
n cont
rolled
thyristo
r to
trig
ge
r
p
u
lse sig
nal a
nd
its drive circuit.
It
can output
30
°
~
6
0
°
wide
pul
se
tri
gger si
gnal,
mean
while
a
v
oid that
the
drive m
ode
can o
n
ly ad
opt
narro
w
pul
se
or
narro
w pul
se
seq
uen
ce.
Software i
s
desi
gne
d
an
d develop
ed
in modul
es to improve
the
robustness and reliability
of the sy
stem also carrying on t
he design i
n
the future. The actual
operation
re
sults sho
w
tha
t
the
system
have a
c
curat
e
, stable
and
reliabl
e characteri
stics a
n
d
meet the desi
gn req
u
ireme
n
ts.
Referen
ces
[1]
HAO H, LI H
.
Design of SCR tr
igger b
a
s
ed on sin
g
l
e
-chip microc
o
m
puter.
Electronic Des
i
g
n
Engi
neer
in
g
. 2009; 2: 62-
66.
[2]
Hua
ng M, LU J, Peng Y. Research o
n
T
r
i
gger Metho
d
s for T
h
y
r
istor A
C
-Volta
ge Re
g
u
lator.
Power
Electron
ics.
2004; 4: 54-
55.
[3]
Hua
ng
H, Jia
ng
X. Stu
d
y
on s
o
ft-start w
i
t
h
thr
ee-p
h
a
s
e AC v
o
lta
g
e
adj
ustment f
o
r thre
e-ph
ase
as
ynchr
ono
us
motor and o
n
e
nerg
y
sav
i
ng c
ontrol.
Electric
Drive for Loc
o
m
otiv
es
. 201
0; 4(10): 10-
15.
[4]
LIU J.
T
he D
e
sig
n
of AVR Sing
lech
ip Co
mput
er the Efficienc
y U
n
d
e
r three Differe
nt Step Motor
Perman
ent T
o
rque L
o
a
d
Optimizes the Co
ntroller.
El
ectric Drive for Loc
o
m
otiv
es
. 2010;
4(10): 10-1
5
.
[5]
SUN L. T
he a
nal
yz
ation
an
d
researc
h
o
n
t
he three-
ph
as
e as
ync
h
ro
nou
s motor inte
lli
gent sav
i
n
g
ener
g
y
c
ontrol
l
e
r.
Machin
e T
ool Electric Ap
p
a
rats
. 2007; 3
4
(
5): 18-20.
[6]
W
ang
L, H
an
C. A d
e
sig
n
o
n
o
n
e
kin
d
of
pump
i
ng
u
n
it electricit
y savi
ng
c
ontrol
l
er.
Journ
a
l of
th
e
Heb
e
i Acad
e
m
y of Sciences
. 200
7; 24(1): 20
3-20
5.
[7]
Hua
ng
H, Jia
n
g
X, QIU R.
Saber
Emul
ati
on
and
C
ontro
l of th
e T
h
ree
ph
ase In
ducti
on M
o
tor i
n
Alternati
ng Cur
r
ent Voltag
e R
egu
latio
n
Circ
u
it.
Pow
e
r Electronics
. 20
05; 3
9
(2): 78-8
0
.
[8]
SONG X
,
YANG J, RONG Q.
Desi
gn
of d
i
gi
tal trigg
e
r
base
d
o
n
F
P
GA.
Journa
l of X
i
’
a
n
Univers
i
ty
o
f
Engi
neer
in
g Scienc
e an
d T
e
chno
logy
. 20
09
; 23(4): 98-10
2
.
[9]
CHENG
H, YIN
G. An improved a
n
ti-i
nt
er
ference met
h
o
d
of SCR trig
ger circu
i
t.
Electric Weldi
n
g
Machine
. 20
08
; 38(12): 93-9
4
.
[10]
LIU Y.
Stud
y
of
Dig
ita
l
T
r
igger S
y
st
em in
T
h
y
r
istor AC
Regu
lator.
Jil
i
n Nor
m
a
l
Jou
r
nal: Natur
a
l
Scienc
e Editio
n
. 2007; 2
8
(3): 121-
124
[11]
T
an K, Luan
X, Men
g
X. D
e
sig
n
of 5-2
0
KHz/70KW
Me
dium F
r
eq
ue
n
c
y
Ind
u
ctio
n H
eatin
g Po
w
e
r
Supp
l
y
.
Proc
e
edi
ngs
of the
F
i
rst Internatio
nal
Sy
mpos
iu
m
on
T
e
st Au
tomati
on
& In
strume
ntatio
n
.
Beiji
ng, 20
06;
3
.
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