TELKOM
NIKA Indonesia
n
Journal of
Electrical En
gineering
Vol.12, No.5, May 2014, pp
. 3684 ~ 36
8
9
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomni
ka.v12i5.5014
3684
Re
cei
v
ed O
c
t
ober 3
1
, 201
3; Revi
se
d Decem
b
e
r
17, 2013; Accept
ed Ja
nua
ry 5,
2014
Analysis on Electromagnetic Interference with Different
Polarization of Electric Field
Yanpeng Su
n
*
, Lele Qu,
Li
w
e
i Sun
Coll
eg
e of Elec
tronic an
d Infor
m
ation En
gi
ne
er
in
g, Shen
ya
n
g
Aerosp
ace U
n
iversit
y
(SAU)
No.37 D
a
o
y
i S
outh Aven
ue,
Dao
y
i D
e
ve
lop
m
ent District, Shen
ya
n
g
, 110
1
36, Chi
na
*Corres
p
o
ndi
n
g
author, e-ma
i
l
:
s
y
p_
yh
@si
n
a.com
A
b
st
r
a
ct
A sim
p
li
fi
ed
mo
d
e
l
i
n
g
o
f
sh
ie
ld
i
n
g
ca
vi
ty wi
th
a wi
re p
e
n
e
trated w
a
s
estab
lishe
d, i
n
order
to stu
d
y
the cou
p
l
i
ng
effects of el
ectro
m
a
g
n
e
tic p
u
lse
(EMP) w
i
th
different i
n
cid
ent
ang
les w
h
e
n
th
e shi
e
ld
in
g cav
i
ty
has a
pe
netrat
ed w
i
re. F
i
nit
e
-
Differenc
e T
i
me-Do
m
a
i
n (F
D
T
D) w
a
s appl
ie
d to a
naly
z
e
th
e rul
e
of var
i
ati
o
n
of coupl
in
g cur
r
ent magn
etic
field o
n
the p
e
netrated w
i
re,
w
i
th the variat
i
on of an
gles
o
f
incide
nt w
a
ve
.
F
u
rther study show
s that
the electro
m
ag
n
e
tic ener
gy co
upl
ed by p
e
n
e
t
rated w
i
re w
hen inc
i
de
nt w
a
ve
radi
ates asl
ant
is more th
an t
he co
upl
in
g e
n
e
rgy w
hen
in
c
i
dent w
a
ve r
adi
ates the tar
get
vertically
in th
e
cond
ition
of v
e
rtical
pol
ari
z
e
d
dir
e
ct
ion
of
el
ectric fie
l
d,
an
d l
e
ss i
n
th
e c
ond
ition
of
hor
i
z
o
n
tal
l
y p
o
l
a
ri
zed
directi
on
of e
l
e
c
tric field.
And
compar
ed w
i
th
the s
i
tuat
i
on
o
f
hori
z
o
n
tal
p
o
l
a
ri
z
e
d
d
i
rectio
n of
electric
fie
l
d,
mor
e
el
ectro
m
agn
etic en
ergy
is coupl
ed w
hen the dir
e
ct
io
n of electric fiel
d is vertical
ly p
o
lari
z
e
d.
Ke
y
w
ords
:
electro
m
agn
eti
c
puls
e
, p
o
lar
i
z
e
d
dir
e
ction
of el
ectric fi
eld, fi
nite-d
ifference
time-d
o
m
a
i
n
,
pen
etrated w
i
re, incid
ent an
gl
es
Copy
right
©
2014 In
stitu
t
e o
f
Ad
van
ced
En
g
i
n
eerin
g and
Scien
ce. All
rig
h
t
s reser
ve
d
.
1. Introduc
tion
W
i
th
th
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
en
t o
f
mo
d
e
r
n
sc
ien
c
e
a
n
d
te
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
, a
va
r
i
e
t
y o
f
e
l
e
c
tr
o
n
i
c
and
electri
c
al
eq
uipment p
r
o
v
ide gre
a
t help for
pe
ople'
s daily
life and social
con
s
tru
c
tion.
Mean
while, the ele
c
trom
agneti
c
radi
ation and el
ectro
m
ag
neti
c
interfe
r
en
ce gene
rated
by
electroni
c an
d electri
c
al e
quipme
n
t during ope
rati
on
restri
ct the prod
uctio
n
a
nd life of huma
n
being
s [1, 2]. On the other h
and, th
e elect
r
oma
g
netic radiatio
n also
ha
s
bad imp
a
ct
on
electroni
c eq
uipment, pro
duci
ng serio
u
s inte
rfe
r
e
n
c
e on n
earb
y
electroni
c
equipm
ent a
n
d
precisi
on i
n
st
ruments, affecting
the normal working.
It is nece
ssary to im
prove the ability of
electri
c
al
and
elect
r
oni
c e
quipme
n
t to
work i
n
com
p
lex ele
c
tro
m
agneti
c
e
n
vironme
n
t. In the
desi
gn of ele
c
trom
agn
etic comp
atibility, although
se
amless m
e
tal plates h
a
ve
high shieldi
n
g
effectivene
ss,
the device can not
be mas
k
ed
c
o
mpletely, for the pa
rticul
ar
rea
s
on of ventilati
on,
cooli
ng, p
o
wer
ca
ble
s
a
n
d
commu
nication
wire
s
so th
at the
pre
s
en
ce
of
ele
c
trom
agn
etic
interferen
ce i
s
inevitabl
e [3
, 4]. So far, the re
se
arch o
n
elect
r
oma
g
n
e
tic coupli
ng
of ape
rture
a
nd
penetrated wires
th
rou
gh shiel
d
ing cav
i
ty
has
had
great p
r
og
re
ss. And
with
the extensi
v
e
appli
c
ation of
electromag
n
e
tic wave
s a
nd fast
devel
opment of compute
r
tech
nology, vario
u
s
method
s hav
e bee
n mo
re
in-de
p
th st
u
d
ied, such a
s
the M
e
tho
d
of Mome
nts (M
oM), Fi
n
i
te
Element Method (FEM
), the Bound
ary
Element Method (BEM) and Finite-Differen
c
e Ti
me-
Domai
n
(F
DTD) meth
od,
and so on [
5
-9]. And FDTD is a dire
ct time-dom
a
i
n algorithm t
h
a
t
solving
Maxwell differential
equ
ation
s
[1
0]. Z. Yo
u
w
e
n
did
mo
delin
g an
d
cal
c
ula
t
ion to
study t
h
e
effects
of couplin
g current in th
e
circuit in
th
e shieldin
g
cavity from
the interfe
r
e
n
ce
electroma
gne
tic [11]. Z. Shi et.al comp
a
r
ed a
nd a
nal
yzed the el
ectromag
netic
couplin
g ene
rgy
that coupl
ed
by irreg
u
la
r a
pertu
re on th
e sheil
d
ing
cavity in the condition of ve
rtical p
o
lari
za
tion
of elect
r
ic fie
l
d [12]. S. Pengfei
re
sea
r
che
d
the
rul
e
of ele
c
tro
m
agneti
c
p
u
l
s
e
with diffe
ren
t
angle
s
of in
ci
den
ce
co
uple
d
into th
e
ca
vity with hole
s
o
n
it,in the
con
d
ition
s
of
hori
z
ontal
an
d
vertical pol
ari
z
ed di
re
ction
of E field resp
ectively [13].
Those re
sea
r
che
s
did wel
l
on ele
c
tro
m
agnet
i
c
co
upling
of a
p
e
rture a
nd
p
enetrate
d
wire
s th
rou
g
h
shi
e
ldin
g
cavity, and
had g
ood
g
u
ide to th
e
desi
gn of
an
ti- interfe
r
en
ce of
electroma
gne
tic in the
shi
e
lding
cavity. Although th
e situatio
ns
of different p
o
lari
zed
dire
ction
with wires
penetrated into
s
h
ie
l
d
ing
cavi
ty were i
n
vol
v
ed, the mod
e
ling a
nd a
n
a
lysis
we
re
n
o
t
thorou
gh en
o
ugh. Finite-Di
fference Time
-Do
m
ain (FDTD) i
s
applie
d for modelin
g the cou
p
lin
g of
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
Analysis o
n
Electrom
ag
neti
c
Interferen
ce
with
Different
Polarization
of Electric… (Yanpen
g Sun
)
3685
an in
cide
nt electroma
gne
tic pul
se
(EMP) with
a
con
d
u
c
ting
wirepe
netrated
into a
shiel
d
ing
cavity with
a
hole. Simul
a
tion a
nd
analy
s
is a
r
e
don
e
by differe
nt in
cide
nce a
ngl
es
of EMP in
the
con
d
ition
s
of hori
z
ontally a
nd
verti
c
ally polari
z
e
d
di
re
ction
of E fiel
d re
sp
ectivel
y
, to analyze
the
rule of variati
on of cou
p
lin
g curre
n
t magnetic fi
eld o
n
the penetra
ted wire, with
the variation
of
angle
s
of in
cide
nt EMP. The results sho
w
that
the ele
c
trom
agneti
c
en
ergy cou
p
led
by
penetrated wire whe
n
in
ci
dent wave radiate
s
a
s
l
a
n
t
is le
ss tha
n
the
co
uplin
g en
ergy
wh
en
incid
ent wave ra
diate
s
th
e targ
et verti
c
ally in
th
e
condition
of vertical
pol
ari
z
ed di
re
ction
of E
field, and m
o
re in the
co
ndi
tion of ho
rizo
ntal pola
r
ized
dire
ction
of E field, howe
v
er. Futhe
r
m
o
re,
comp
ared wit
h
the situatio
n of vertical polari
z
e
d
direction of E field, the mag
netic en
ergy
of
curre
n
t cou
p
led by penetrated wire wit
h
incide
nt
wa
ve radiating
asla
nt is a little complex
and
more tha
n
the situation of
hori
z
ontal
p
o
l
a
rized di
re
ction of E field.
2. Rese
arch
Metho
d
2.1. Theoretical Founda
tion
Let the gri
d
o
f
FDTD i
s
cu
be, namely
space gri
d
ste
pping
x
=
y
=
z
=
. Consi
deri
n
g
the influen
ce
of FDTD n
u
m
e
rical dispe
r
si
on errors,
is
:
mi
n
N
(
1
)
in whi
c
h
mi
n
is corre
s
po
ndi
ng wavele
ng
th,
N
=1
0. If the com
putati
onal dom
ain
contai
ns o
n
ly free sp
ace an
d perfe
ct con
ducto
r, then:
mi
n
ma
x
c
f
(
2
)
in which
c
is t
he
spe
ed
of
wave i
n
free
spa
c
e
(m
ediu
m
),
ma
x
f
is the m
a
ximum value of
con
c
e
r
ne
d freque
ncy. The
grid
size of
FDT
D
can b
e
determi
ned
by
ma
x
f
. In fac
t, FDTD
s
p
ace
grid i
s
eq
uiva
lent to a lo
w-pass filter tha
t
the
freque
n
c
y com
pon
en
ts of the pul
se whi
c
h i
s
hig
her
than
ma
x
f
is filtered out
whe
n
passin
g
the
FDT
D
spa
c
e
grid in th
e ex
citation p
u
lse
,
which the
results
will have a great
errors. And t
o
guarant
ee
the stability of the numeri
c
al counts in t
he
iterative cal
c
u
l
ation FDT
D
, the time of steppin
g
t
is
:
22
2
1
1/
1/
1/
t
cx
y
z
(3)
Whe
n
the
r
e a
r
e
curre
n
ts a
nd ma
gnetic flux in unifo
rm
medium, the
Maxwell'
s e
q
uation
s
can b
e
m
Ej
H
J
Hj
E
J
(
4
)
in whi
c
h:
E
is the intensit
y of electric fi
eld, V/m,
H
is the intensit
y of magnetic field field, A/m,
is the perm
e
ability of the
medium, H/m
,
is the permitt
ivity of the medium, F/m,
J
is the den
sity of current, A/m
2
,
m
J
is the den
sity of magnetic f
l
ux, V/ m
2
.
The ra
diation
field of curren
t and the mag
netic flux is:
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ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 12, No. 5, May 2014: 3684 – 36
89
3686
1
1
EF
A
j
F
jA
A
j
(5)
1
1
HA
F
j
A
jF
F
j
(6)
in whi
c
h
n
mn
Je
H
J
eE
, a
nd
('
)
(
,
'
)
'
('
)
(
,
'
)
'
m
A
rJ
r
G
r
r
d
V
F
rJ
r
G
r
r
d
V
，
A
and
F
are ve
ctor
pot
ential
function
s, an
d
(,
'
)
Gr
r
is Gre
en'
s functio
n
of free spa
c
e.
When F
D
T
D
is applied in
cal
c
ul
ations for
radi
ation, i
t
will
be
divided into the total field
area
and the
scattered fie
l
d are
a
. FDT
D
is u
s
e
d
for
calculating
e
l
ectri
c
field in
the total field,
whi
c
h i
s
sum
of inci
dent fiel
d an
d
scatte
red field.
T
he
stren
g
th of
m
agneti
c
field
H i
s
p
r
op
ortio
nal
to the
current
. The
stre
ngt
h of ma
gneti
c
field of in
du
ced current
i
s
the
str
ength
of magn
etic fi
eld
of the current
.
2.2. Numeric
a
l Cacula
tio
n
Establish the
physi
cal mo
d
e
l of elect
r
oni
c eq
ui
pme
n
t shiel
d
ing
cavi
ty with a con
ductin
g
wire p
enetrated, as sh
own
in Figure 1. The
dimen
s
io
n of cavity is
200mm
× 20
0mm × 200
m
m
.
There is a h
o
l
e of 12m
m
× 12mm i
n
the
cente
r
of
on
e plan
e, an
d
with a
wire th
roug
h the
ce
nter
hole. Th
e ra
dius
of the
wire i
s
0.51
m
m
. The le
ngt
h of the
wire
is 1
00mm
with the expo
sing
length of the
wire
outsid
e
of the cavity 50mm. In
cid
e
n
t radiation
source i
s
a uni
form plan
e. The
prop
agatio
n dire
ction is p
a
rallel to the
wire
whe
n
in
cide
nt wave radiate
s
the target pla
ne
with
hole vertically. Choo
se Ga
ussian p
u
lse as pul
se
wav
e
sou
r
ce, whi
c
h is:
2
0
0
2
4
exp
i
tt
Et
E
(
7
)
In which
i
Et
is the stren
g
th of electri
c
fi
eld of incident
Gaussia
n
p
u
lse,
0
E
= 1000
V/m,
determi
ne
s th
e wi
dth of the
Gau
s
sian
pul
se,
= 1
0
0
t
, length of
spa
c
e l
a
ttice
steppi
n
g
x
=
y
=
z
=1mm, and
pulse pea
k a
ppea
rs at
0
tt
.
Figure 1. The
Physical Mo
del
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
Analysis o
n
Electrom
ag
neti
c
Interferen
ce
with
Different
Polarization
of Electric… (Yanpen
g Sun
)
3687
Based o
n
the
setting of the model above
,
ca
cul
a
te the
amplitude of
cou
p
ling
current on
the wire whi
c
h pe
netrate
d into the cavity during
0~3
0
G
H
z, consi
deri
ng th
e influnen
ce
of
different inci
d
ent angle
s
in
the con
d
ition
s
of di
fferent
polari
z
e
d
dire
ction of ele
c
tric field.
3. Results a
nd Discu
ssi
on
3.1. Vertically
Polarized E Field
In the ca
se
of vertically
polari
z
e
d
ele
c
tri
c
field, m
a
intaining th
e
con
s
tant ele
c
tri
c
field
intensity of i
n
cid
ent el
ect
r
oma
gneti
c
p
u
lse,
ch
ang
e
the di
re
ctio
n of in
cid
ent
ele
c
trom
agn
etic
pulse. The
m
a
in
comp
one
nts of
ele
c
tri
c
field
en
erg
y
cou
p
led
into the
shi
e
ldi
ng
cavity by
the
penetrated
wi
re a
r
e con
c
e
n
trated in th
e
dire
cti
on of
x-axis an
d z-axis, and the
magneti
c
fie
l
d
energy is
co
n
c
entrated i
n
the di
re
ction o
f
y-axis. Figu
re 3
sho
w
s th
e cu
rve of
y
H
at
one lo
catio
n
on the
wi
re
p
enetrate
d int
o
the
cavity
whe
n
the
in
ci
dent di
re
ction
of EMP i
s
ta
ken
0
,
30
,
45
,
and
60
res
p
ec
tively.
Figure 2. The
y
H
with Differen
t
Incident Direction of EM
P
As can b
e
se
en from the Figure 2, in the co
ndi
tion
s of the struct
ure of shi
e
ldi
ng cavity
and pe
netrat
ed wire, the couplin
g rule o
f
the Gaussia
n
pulse in the
case of vertically pola
r
ize
d
E
field is that t
he
cou
p
ling
magneti
c
fiel
d on
the
wire with
the i
n
cide
nt an
gle
of EMP
0
(of
0.08A/m) is l
e
ss than tho
s
e of
the an
gle of incide
nce of
30
,
45
, and
60
. It
s
hows tha
t
cou
p
ling m
a
g
netic field
en
ergy of in
cide
nt wave r
adia
t
ing the targ
et vertically (an
g
le of in
ciden
ce
EMP is
0
) is le
ss th
an that
of incid
ent wave radi
ati
ng
asla
nt in the
ca
se of ve
rtically polari
z
e
d
electri
c
field.
3.2. Horizon
t
ally
Po
larize
d E Field
In the case of horizontall
y
polarized
electri
c
field,
chan
ge the
incide
nt direction of
electroma
gne
tic pulses (i.e.
the angle bet
wee
n
pro
pag
ation dire
ctio
n and the z-a
x
is), the elect
r
ic
field energy cou
p
led into
the shiel
d
ing
cavity
by th
e penetrated
wire i
s
co
n
c
entrated in
the
dire
ction
of y-axis, a
nd th
e main
comp
onent
s of
m
a
gnetic field e
nergy
are
co
nce
n
trated
in
the
dire
ction
of x-axis a
nd
z-ax
is. Fig
u
re
2
shows th
e
cu
rve of
synthe
sis
|H|
of
x
H
and
z
H
at one
locatio
n
on th
e wi
re p
enetrated into the
cavity
whe
n
the in
cide
nt di
rectio
n of EM
P is taken
0
,
30
,
45
, and
60
res
p
ec
tively.
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ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 12, No. 5, May 2014: 3684 – 36
89
3688
Figure 3. The
Synthesis
|H
|
with Different In
cide
nt Dire
cti
on of EMP
As shown in
Figure 3, i
n
the conditi
ons
of
the stru
cture
of shiel
d
ing cav
i
ty
and
penetrated
wire when th
e
E field is ho
rizo
ntally
pol
arized, the
couplin
g rul
e
of the Gau
ssian
pulse is that the cou
p
ling
magneti
c
field on the
wire
reache
s the maximum (0.
1
A/m) whe
n
the
angle
of in
ci
dent EMP i
s
0
, and
de
cre
a
se
s
with a
n
g
le of in
cid
e
n
ce
be
comi
n
g
large
r
, after
comp
ari
ng th
e total a
m
plit
ude
of the
m
agneti
c
fiel
d
that synth
e
si
zed from
th
e
couplin
g ma
gn
etic
field comp
on
ent
x
H
and
z
H
. It indicate
s that the energ
y
of magnetic field cou
p
l
ed into the
cavity de
crea
se
s
with in
creasi
ng
angl
e
of in
cide
nt
EMP. It also
sho
w
s that
couplin
g ma
gn
etic
field ene
rgy
of inci
dent
wave ra
diating
the tar
get v
e
rtically
(an
g
l
e
of in
cide
nce EMP is
0
) is
greate
r
than
that of incide
nt wave radi
ating asla
nt
in the case of horizontally polari
z
e
d
ele
c
tri
c
field.
3.3. Compari
t
ion
Comp
ared Fi
gure 2
with Figure 3, we
c
an see th
e differen
c
e
of magnetic
energy
cou
p
led
into
cavity by t
he p
enet
rate
d wi
re
bet
ween th
e two
situatio
ns o
f
vertically
a
n
d
hori
z
ontally p
o
lari
zed E field, that is, the magn
etic field stren
g
th of coupli
n
g cu
rre
nt in the
con
d
ition
s
of vertically pol
arization el
ectric fiel
d is
greater tha
n
that of
horizont
ally polari
z
ati
o
n
electri
c
field.
It indicates th
at more
cou
p
ling
ene
rgy is introdu
ce
d b
y
the penetra
ted wire in th
e
ca
se of vertically polari
z
ed
E field than
that of horizo
n
tally polari
z
ed
E field.
The i
nnovati
on in
this p
aper is that
t
he coupli
n
g
effects intro
duced
by pe
netrated
con
d
u
c
ting
wire
are
comp
ared,
with
di
fferent p
o
lari
zation
di
re
ctions of E
fiel
d an
d
differe
nt
incid
e
n
c
e an
gles of ele
c
tromagn
etic pu
lse, to get
the rule of variati
ons of the co
upling field.
4. Conclusio
n
Simulation a
n
d
analy
s
is
are don
e by diff
erent
i
n
ci
den
ce a
ngle
s
of
EMP in the
condition
s
of hori
z
o
n
tall
y and ve
rtica
lly polari
z
e
d
dire
ction
of
E field resp
e
c
tively, to an
alyze th
e rul
e
of
variation of couplin
g cu
rre
n
t magnet
i
c
field on the p
e
netrated
wire, wi
th the vari
ation of angl
e
s
of
incid
ent EMP. Results
sho
w
that the el
ectro
m
ag
neti
c
en
ergy
cou
p
led by p
ene
trated
wire
whe
n
incid
ent wave
radiate
s
a
s
la
nt is more than t
he coupli
ng ene
rgy wh
en inci
dent wave radi
ates t
h
e
target ve
rtica
lly in the
co
n
d
ition of ve
rtical
pola
r
ized
dire
ction
of
electri
c
fiel
d,
and l
e
ss i
n
t
he
con
d
ition
of hori
z
ontal pol
arized
di
re
ction of ele
c
tri
c
field. And
compa
r
ed
with the situatio
n of
hori
z
ontally
p
o
lari
zed
di
re
ction of
elect
r
i
c
field,
mo
re
electroma
gne
tic en
ergy is
cou
p
led
whe
n
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TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
Analysis o
n
Electrom
ag
neti
c
Interferen
ce
with
Different
Polarization
of Electric… (Yanpen
g Sun
)
3689
the dire
ction
of electri
c
fiel
d is vertically pol
ari
z
ed. T
herefo
r
e, con
ductin
g
wire
penetrated in
to
openi
ng cavit
y
must be strictly controll
ed, to avoi
d
affecting sta
b
le ope
ration
of the internal
electroni
c ci
rcuit in the cavity that from th
e outsid
e
inte
rfere
n
ce.
Ackn
o
w
l
e
dg
ements
This
wo
rk was
su
ppo
rted
by the S
c
ie
nce
and
Te
chnolo
g
y Fou
ndation
of Li
aono
ng
Province of China (G
ra
nt No. 20120
2171
), the Aer
ona
utical Scie
nce Found
ation
of China (Gra
nt
No. 201
12
C5
4009
) and th
e Found
ation
of Liaonin
g
Prov
inci
al De
p
a
rtment of Ed
ucatio
n of Chi
n
a
(Grant No. L2
0130
68)
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