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eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
o
f
t
h
e
to
p
o
lo
g
y
[
2
]
.
T
h
er
e
ca
n
b
e
m
an
y
v
ar
ian
ts
o
f
M
A
NE
T
.
C
o
n
s
id
er
a
m
o
b
ile
co
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
s
y
s
te
m
n
et
w
o
r
k
i
n
w
h
ic
h
a
m
aj
o
r
ity
o
f
MA
NE
T
s
a
n
d
n
o
d
es
eq
u
ip
p
ed
w
ith
a
tr
an
s
c
ei
v
er
at
ea
ch
o
f
i
ts
cu
r
r
e
n
tl
y
ac
ti
v
e
n
o
d
es.
T
h
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
g
iv
e
n
b
y
ea
ch
tr
an
s
ce
iv
er
is
g
i
v
e
n
b
y
t
h
e
h
o
p
o
f
tr
a
n
s
m
it
ter
o
p
er
atin
g
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
a
p
r
ea
r
r
an
g
e
d
h
o
p
p
in
g
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
r
ate
an
d
a
w
id
e
b
an
d
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
r
ec
eiv
er
th
at
h
a
s
t
h
e
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
o
f
s
i
m
u
lta
n
eo
u
s
l
y
r
ec
ei
v
in
g
at
a
n
y
g
iv
e
n
in
s
ta
n
ce
o
f
ti
m
e.
T
h
e
e
n
tire
o
p
er
atio
n
d
ef
i
n
ed
i
n
t
h
i
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
s
m
a
n
a
g
ed
b
y
a
ce
n
tr
alize
d
s
y
s
te
m
[
3
]
.
So
m
e
MA
NE
T
h
a
s
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
in
th
e
m
s
u
ch
a
s
tr
u
s
t
b
ased
n
o
d
e
au
th
e
n
ticatio
n
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
[
4
]
.
1
.2
.
M
o
bil
e
Ad
-
ho
c
Net
wo
r
k
At
t
a
c
k
s
a
n
d Ano
ny
m
it
y
L
ac
k
o
f
ce
n
tr
alize
d
au
t
h
e
n
t
icatio
n
w
i
ll
lead
to
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
k
i
n
d
s
o
f
attac
k
s
an
d
if
a
p
r
o
p
er
au
th
e
n
tica
tio
n
f
ac
ili
t
y
is
co
n
f
ig
u
r
ed
,
t
h
en
th
e
an
o
n
y
m
it
y
c
o
n
ce
r
n
s
r
ai
s
ed
.
So
m
et
i
m
e
s
t
h
e
attac
k
s
ar
e
n
o
d
e
b
ased
b
u
t
m
o
s
t
o
f
t
h
e
ti
m
e,
t
h
e
attac
k
s
ar
e
d
etec
ted
b
ased
o
n
n
et
w
o
r
k
[
5
]
.
No
d
es
p
ar
ticip
atin
g
i
n
a
M
ANE
T
w
il
l
b
e
attac
k
ed
b
y
a
m
alicio
u
s
n
o
d
e
o
r
b
y
at
tack
er
s
tak
in
g
co
n
tr
o
l
o
v
er
t
h
e
a
u
th
e
n
tic
n
o
d
es
an
d
p
r
ev
e
n
t
i
t
f
r
o
m
p
er
f
o
r
m
in
g
ce
r
tai
n
tas
k
s
.
A
p
ar
t
f
r
o
m
t
h
ese
f
ac
to
r
s
,
o
th
er
f
ac
to
r
s
li
k
e
n
o
d
e
m
al
f
u
n
ctio
n
i
n
g
d
u
e
to
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
f
ail
u
r
es
a
n
d
lo
s
s
s
t
ate
o
f
n
o
d
e
d
u
e
to
p
o
w
er
s
h
o
r
tag
e
m
u
s
t
al
s
o
b
e
tak
e
n
in
to
a
cc
o
u
n
t.
So
m
eti
m
e
s
th
ese
f
ac
to
r
s
to
o
,
w
i
ll
b
e
p
u
t
u
p
b
y
ad
v
er
s
ar
ies
to
cr
ea
te
d
is
r
u
p
tio
n
o
f
n
et
w
o
r
k
tr
af
f
ic.
T
h
e
s
ec
u
r
it
y
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
th
a
t
is
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
m
u
s
t
b
e
i
n
a
p
o
s
itio
n
to
w
i
th
h
o
ld
all
t
h
ese
k
i
n
d
s
o
f
n
o
d
e
f
ail
u
r
es
[
6
]
.
So
m
eti
m
es
th
e
s
e
f
ac
to
r
s
ap
p
ly
to
ev
er
y
k
in
d
o
f
ad
h
o
c
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
li
k
e
m
o
b
ile
s
o
cial
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
an
d
v
e
h
icu
lar
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
.
T
h
e
k
in
d
o
f
ad
h
o
c
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
m
a
y
d
if
f
er
b
u
t
th
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
o
f
attac
k
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
o
r
th
e
s
eq
u
en
tial
f
lo
w
o
f
d
ata
co
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
n
o
d
es o
r
n
o
d
e
au
t
h
en
ticatio
n
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es r
e
m
ai
n
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
w
it
h
r
esp
ec
t to
th
e
r
o
u
t
in
g
p
r
o
to
co
l e
s
tab
lis
h
ed
w
it
h
i
n
th
e
m
.
1
.
3
.
P
r
o
ble
m
s
o
f
E
x
i
s
t
ing
P
ro
t
o
co
ls
Ma
n
y
r
esear
ch
er
s
h
a
v
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
a
n
y
w
o
r
k
s
r
elate
d
to
an
o
n
y
m
o
u
s
r
o
u
ti
n
g
p
r
o
to
co
ls
an
d
th
e
w
a
y
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
o
n
e
p
r
o
to
c
o
l
d
if
f
er
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
o
th
er
i
n
a
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
w
a
y
s
.
W
h
e
n
,
s
u
ch
p
r
o
to
co
ls
ar
e
em
p
lo
y
ed
in
an
ad
h
o
c
n
et
w
o
r
k
,
th
e
s
ec
u
r
it
y
o
f
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
is
d
ir
ec
tl
y
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
to
th
e
t
y
p
e
o
f
n
et
w
o
r
k
tr
a
f
f
ic.
I
t
h
an
d
le
s
an
d
t
h
e
s
ec
u
r
it
y
-
r
elat
ed
task
s
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
ar
e
t
h
e
li
s
t
o
f
p
r
o
to
co
ls
th
at
h
av
e
b
ee
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
r
elatio
n
w
it
h
th
e
a
n
o
n
y
m
it
y
i
n
MA
NE
T
.
1
.
3
.
1
.
Ano
ny
m
o
us
O
n
-
de
m
a
nd
Ro
uting
P
ro
t
o
co
l (
ANO
D
R)
A
N
ODR
P
r
o
to
co
l
f
o
r
m
o
b
ile
ad
h
o
c
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
is
d
ep
lo
y
e
d
in
h
o
s
tile
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
ts
.
I
t
g
iv
e
s
b
o
th
r
o
u
te
an
o
n
y
m
it
y
a
n
d
lo
ca
tio
n
p
r
iv
ac
y
f
ac
to
r
s
[
7
]
.
R
o
u
te
a
n
o
n
y
m
it
y
i
s
ac
h
iev
ed
b
y
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
th
e
p
ac
k
et
p
at
h
f
r
o
m
it
s
o
r
ig
i
n
atio
n
to
th
e
d
esti
n
a
tio
n
.
I
t
is
d
esig
n
ed
as
a
r
o
u
tin
g
p
r
o
to
co
l
w
it
h
b
r
o
ad
ca
s
t
w
ith
tr
ap
d
o
o
r
n
atu
r
e.
T
h
e
m
ain
p
r
o
b
lem
w
i
th
A
NO
DR
is
it
is
o
n
io
n
r
o
u
t
in
g
b
ased
.
ANOD
R
u
s
es
id
e
n
tit
y
f
r
ee
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
in
s
tead
o
f
u
s
in
g
n
o
d
e
id
en
ti
tie
s
it u
s
es c
r
y
p
to
g
r
ap
h
ic
tech
n
iq
u
es so
t
h
at
o
n
l
y
r
ec
eiv
er
ca
n
d
ec
r
y
p
t t
h
e
m
ess
a
g
e
u
s
i
n
g
i
ts
p
r
iv
a
te
k
e
y
[
8
]
.
A
NO
DR
is
p
u
r
el
y
o
n
-
d
e
m
an
d
r
o
u
ti
n
g
s
ch
e
m
e
s
th
at
s
et
u
p
r
o
u
te
a
s
w
h
e
n
n
ee
d
ed
[
9
]
.
T
h
e
m
ai
n
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
s
ec
u
r
e
a
n
d
tr
u
s
t
b
ased
o
n
-
d
e
m
a
n
d
m
u
ltip
ath
r
o
u
tin
g
is
to
f
in
d
tr
u
s
t
b
ased
s
ec
u
r
e
r
o
u
te
f
r
o
m
s
o
u
r
ce
to
d
esti
n
atio
n
w
h
i
ch
w
ill s
a
tis
f
y
t
w
o
o
r
m
o
r
e
en
d
to
en
d
Qo
S c
o
n
s
tr
ain
ts
.
1
.
3
.
2
.
On
-
de
m
a
nd
Ro
uti
ng
P
ro
t
o
co
l
(
AR
M
)
AR
M
P
r
o
to
co
l
is
d
esig
n
ed
f
o
r
MA
NE
T
.
A
R
M
is
a
p
r
o
to
co
l
f
o
r
MA
NE
T
s
th
at
ac
h
ie
v
es
all
th
e
an
o
n
y
m
i
t
y
g
o
als
w
h
ile
tr
y
in
g
to
b
e
as
ef
f
icie
n
t
as
p
o
s
s
ib
l
e
[
1
0
]
.
A
R
M
h
id
es
r
o
u
tes
b
e
t
w
ee
n
s
o
u
r
ce
s
an
d
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
,
b
o
th
ag
a
in
s
t
d
y
n
a
m
ic
r
ea
cti
v
e
i
n
-
ac
tio
n
g
lo
b
al
ad
v
er
s
ar
ies
a
n
d
n
o
d
es
i
n
s
id
e
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
AR
M
e
m
p
lo
y
s
p
r
o
b
ab
ilis
tic
p
ad
d
in
g
an
d
T
T
L
s
ch
e
m
e,
s
o
th
e
n
o
d
es in
s
id
e
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
w
il
l n
o
t b
e
ab
le
to
d
eter
m
in
e
w
h
et
h
er
t
h
e
n
o
d
e
t
h
e
y
r
ec
eiv
e
d
a
m
es
s
a
g
e
f
r
o
m
i
s
t
h
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
o
f
t
h
is
m
e
s
s
a
g
e
o
r
f
o
r
w
ar
d
i
n
g
it.
No
r
ca
n
t
h
e
y
tell
w
h
ic
h
n
o
d
es
is
p
ar
t
o
f
a
r
o
u
te
b
etw
ee
n
t
w
o
n
o
d
es.
T
h
e
R
R
E
Q
m
es
s
ag
e
i
s
f
o
r
m
ed
s
u
ch
t
h
at
o
n
l
y
t
h
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
ca
n
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
th
at
th
is
R
R
E
Q
w
as
tar
g
eted
at
it,
all
o
th
er
n
o
d
es
ca
n
o
n
l
y
v
er
if
y
t
h
at
it
w
as
n
o
t
tar
g
eted
at
th
e
m
.
T
h
e
s
o
u
r
ce
S
an
d
d
esti
n
atio
n
D
s
h
ar
ed
a
s
ec
r
et
k
e
y
k
SD
a
n
d
D
h
a
s
a
cu
r
r
en
t
p
s
eu
d
o
n
y
m
w
h
ic
h
o
n
l
y
d
ca
n
r
ec
o
g
n
ize.
I
n
ter
m
ed
iate
n
o
d
es
v
er
i
f
y
i
f
th
e
R
R
E
Q
w
a
s
tar
g
et
to
th
e
m
o
r
n
o
t
w
it
h
t
h
e
h
elp
o
f
th
e
p
s
eu
d
o
n
y
m
.
T
h
e
R
R
E
P
m
ess
a
g
e
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
is
en
cr
y
p
ted
w
it
h
th
e
b
r
o
ad
ca
s
t I
D
o
f
D.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
S
ec
u
r
ity
Ma
n
d
a
ted
A
n
a
lytics b
a
s
ed
R
o
u
te
P
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
w
ith
Dig
ita
l
S
ig
n
a
tu
r
e…
(
K
.
V
in
a
ya
ka
n
)
765
1
.
3
.
3
.
F
a
m
ily
Rela
t
io
ns
hip
Ro
uting
P
ro
t
o
co
l
(
F
RRP
)
FR
R
P
d
esig
n
ed
w
h
ic
h
ass
ig
n
s
d
if
f
er
en
t
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
an
d
p
r
iv
ile
g
es
to
n
o
d
es
in
th
e
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
b
ased
o
n
d
ir
ec
t
an
d
in
d
ir
ec
t
tr
u
s
t
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
r
eso
u
r
ce
li
m
itatio
n
p
ar
am
eter
s
[
1
1
]
.
FR
R
P
ai
m
s
a
t
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
co
m
m
o
n
au
th
e
n
tica
tio
n
a
n
d
d
is
tr
ib
u
te
d
tr
u
s
t
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
s
ch
e
m
e
to
M
A
NE
T
s
w
h
ic
h
d
o
es
n
o
t
d
ep
en
d
o
n
an
y
p
r
ed
ef
in
ed
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
al
s
u
p
p
o
s
itio
n
[
1
1
]
.
1
.
3
.
4
.
Ano
ny
m
o
us
O
n
-
De
m
a
nd
Ro
uti
ng
in M
o
bil
e
Ad H
o
c
Net
w
o
rk
s
(
M
ASK
)
An
o
n
y
m
o
u
s
O
n
-
De
m
an
d
R
o
u
ti
n
g
i
n
Mo
b
ile
A
d
Ho
c
N
et
w
o
r
k
s
(
M
ASK)
r
o
u
t
in
g
p
r
o
to
co
l
is
d
esig
n
ed
th
a
n
ca
n
ac
co
m
p
li
s
h
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
at
b
o
th
L
a
y
er
2
an
d
L
a
y
er
3
w
ith
o
u
t
d
is
clo
s
i
n
g
r
ea
l
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
[
1
2
]
.
I
t’
s
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
P
r
o
to
c
o
l
Data
Un
it
o
f
t
h
e
p
ar
ticip
atin
g
en
d
p
o
in
ts
.
M
A
SK
o
f
f
er
ed
an
o
n
y
m
i
t
y
f
r
o
m
b
o
th
s
e
n
d
er
an
d
r
ec
eiv
er
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e.
MA
SK
p
r
o
m
o
te
s
lo
ca
tio
n
an
o
n
y
m
it
y
an
d
tr
af
f
i
c
an
o
n
y
m
i
t
y
.
T
h
e
ex
is
tin
g
an
o
n
y
m
o
u
s
r
o
u
ti
n
g
p
r
o
to
co
ls
ar
e
n
o
t
co
n
ce
r
n
ed
w
ith
a
u
th
e
n
ticat
io
n
.
I
f
au
t
h
e
n
ticatio
n
is
lack
i
n
g
,
t
h
e
n
an
attac
k
er
ca
n
u
n
j
u
s
ti
f
iab
l
y
o
p
er
ate
w
it
h
o
u
t a
n
y
s
tr
ict
n
es
s
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
w
it
h
t
h
e
r
o
u
te
d
is
co
v
er
y
an
d
r
o
u
te
lo
ca
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
ese
p
r
o
to
co
ls
ar
e
v
er
y
w
ea
k
wh
en
it c
o
m
es
to
d
en
ial
o
f
s
er
v
i
ce
attac
k
s
i
n
w
h
ic
h
an
attac
k
er
ca
n
m
a
k
e
a
r
eso
u
r
ce
o
r
n
et
w
o
r
k
u
n
a
v
ailab
le
to
its
in
te
n
d
ed
u
s
er
s
.
M
A
NE
T
is
b
r
o
ad
ca
s
t
b
ased
in
f
r
astru
ct
u
r
e
-
les
s
w
ir
eles
s
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
s
o
to
i
n
f
ec
t
it
w
i
th
a
d
en
ial
o
f
s
er
v
ice
attac
k
,
an
attac
k
er
ca
n
in
j
ec
t
m
o
r
e
b
r
o
ad
ca
s
t
p
ac
k
ets
in
to
th
e
e
x
is
ti
n
g
s
ch
e
m
e
o
r
r
e
-
tr
an
s
m
it
t
h
e
ex
i
s
ti
n
g
b
r
o
ad
ca
s
t
p
ac
k
ets[1
2
]
.
W
h
en
s
u
c
h
p
ac
k
ets ar
e
in
s
e
m
in
ated
i
n
to
th
e
ad
h
o
c
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
,
it d
is
r
u
p
ts
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
o
p
er
atio
n
s
.
1
.4
.
Dig
i
t
a
l sig
na
t
ure
A
d
ig
ital
s
i
g
n
atu
r
e
is
u
s
u
all
y
s
o
m
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
w
h
ich
i
s
d
ep
en
d
en
t
o
n
th
e
m
ess
a
g
e
a
n
d
o
n
d
ata
k
n
o
w
n
o
n
l
y
to
t
h
e
s
e
n
d
er
.
Se
cu
r
e
s
i
g
n
a
tu
r
e
s
c
h
e
m
es
p
r
o
tec
t
th
e
p
ar
ties
i
n
v
o
lv
ed
i
n
t
h
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
[
1
3
]
.
Dig
ital
s
i
g
n
a
tu
r
e
s
ch
e
m
es
ar
e
tech
n
iq
u
es
to
ass
u
r
e
a
n
en
tit
y
’
s
ac
k
n
o
w
led
g
m
e
n
t
o
f
h
a
v
in
g
s
ee
n
a
ce
r
tai
n
d
ig
ital
m
e
s
s
a
g
e.
T
y
p
icall
y
,
a
n
e
n
tit
y
h
a
s
a
p
r
i
v
ate
k
e
y
a
n
d
a
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
p
u
b
lic
k
e
y
th
at
i
s
tied
to
t
h
e
en
tit
y
’
s
n
a
m
e
(
P
u
b
lic
Ke
y
I
n
f
r
astru
ct
u
r
e)
.
T
h
e
en
tit
y
g
e
n
er
ates
a
s
tr
in
g
ca
lled
s
i
g
n
atu
r
e,
w
h
ic
h
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
m
ess
a
g
e
to
s
i
g
n
an
d
h
is
p
r
iv
ate
k
e
y
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
s
ev
er
al
r
ea
s
o
n
s
w
h
y
a
s
ig
n
at
u
r
e
i
s
c
o
m
p
elli
n
g
[
1
5
]
:
T
h
e
s
ig
n
a
tu
r
e
i
s
au
t
h
e
n
tic.
T
h
e
s
i
g
n
atu
r
e
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
f
o
r
g
e
d
.
T
h
e
s
ig
n
at
u
r
e
is
n
o
t
r
eu
s
ab
le.
T
h
e
s
ig
n
ed
d
o
cu
m
en
t
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
alter
ed
.
T
h
e
s
ig
n
atu
r
e
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
r
ep
u
d
iated
.
T
h
e
lin
k
lev
e
l
co
n
g
e
s
tio
n
o
cc
u
r
s
w
h
en
m
o
r
e
t
h
an
o
n
e
s
en
s
o
r
n
o
d
e
tr
ies
to
ac
q
u
ir
e
th
e
ch
an
n
el
at
s
a
m
e
ti
m
e
[
1
5
]
.
I
n
ca
s
e
o
f
lin
k
-
l
ev
el
co
n
g
esti
o
n
,
all
th
e
n
o
d
es
atte
m
p
t
to
s
en
d
tr
af
f
ic
o
n
t
h
e
li
n
k
s
i
m
u
lta
n
eo
u
s
l
y
.
I
t
r
esu
l
ts
in
p
ac
k
et
co
lli
s
io
n
s
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
d
u
e
to
lin
k
-
le
v
el
co
n
g
esti
o
n
,
th
e
lin
k
u
tili
za
t
io
n
is
r
ed
u
ce
d
.
T
o
av
o
id
all
th
e
ab
o
v
e
-
m
en
tio
n
ed
ef
f
ec
t
s
o
f
co
n
g
es
tio
n
,
co
n
g
es
tio
n
m
u
s
t
b
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
o
r
av
o
id
ed
in
an
ef
f
ec
t
iv
e
w
a
y
.
Hete
r
o
g
e
n
eo
u
s
n
et
w
o
r
k
h
av
e
b
u
d
d
in
g
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
lif
eti
m
e
a
n
d
al
s
o
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
o
p
h
is
t
icate
d
q
u
alit
y
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
D
u
e
to
li
m
i
ted
p
o
w
er
b
atter
y
w
il
l
e
x
h
au
s
ted
.
T
h
u
s
,
en
er
g
y
e
f
f
icien
t
r
o
u
ti
n
g
p
r
o
to
co
l
n
ee
d
s
to
allo
ca
te
t
h
e
b
ala
n
ce
en
er
g
y
b
u
r
d
en
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
n
o
d
es [
1
6
]
.
T
h
e
an
o
n
y
m
it
y
p
ar
t
d
ef
in
ed
in
o
u
r
w
o
r
k
w
il
l
f
al
l
u
n
d
er
an
y
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
f
i
v
e
a
n
o
n
y
m
it
y
f
ac
to
r
s
i
n
m
o
b
ile
ad
h
o
c
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
.
1.
A
ttrib
u
te
an
o
n
y
m
i
t
y
: I
t d
ea
ls
w
it
h
t
h
e
id
en
ti
t
y
o
f
th
e
n
o
d
e
in
th
e
M
ANE
T
.
2.
R
o
u
te
a
n
o
n
y
m
i
t
y
: I
t d
ea
ls
w
it
h
th
e
le
g
iti
m
ac
y
o
f
t
h
e
r
o
u
te
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
3.
P
o
s
itio
n
an
o
n
y
m
it
y
: I
t d
ea
ls
with
t
h
e
la
y
o
u
t o
f
t
h
e
n
o
d
es.
4.
P
ac
k
et
an
o
n
y
m
i
t
y
: I
t d
ea
ls
w
it
h
th
e
i
n
te
g
r
it
y
o
f
th
e
d
ata
t
h
at
is
to
b
e
tr
an
s
f
er
r
ed
b
y
th
e
n
o
d
es.
5.
Au
t
h
en
t
icatio
n
an
o
n
y
m
it
y
:
I
t
d
ea
ls
w
it
h
t
h
e
a
u
t
h
e
n
ticati
o
n
p
ar
t,
if
cr
ea
ted
in
th
e
a
d
h
o
c
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t.
Hete
r
o
g
en
eo
u
s
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
h
a
v
e
b
u
d
d
in
g
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
lif
eti
m
e
a
n
d
also
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
o
p
h
is
t
icate
d
q
u
alit
y
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
[
1
7
]
.
Du
e
to
li
m
ited
p
o
w
er
b
atter
y
w
ill
ex
h
au
s
ted
.
T
h
u
s
,
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icie
n
t
r
o
u
t
in
g
p
r
o
to
co
l
n
ee
d
s
to
al
lo
ca
te
t
h
e
b
alan
ce
en
er
g
y
b
u
r
d
e
n
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
s
e
n
s
o
r
n
o
d
es
[
1
7
]
.
T
h
e
in
te
g
r
ate
d
co
n
tex
t
tr
an
s
p
o
r
t
an
d
m
u
lt
icast
q
u
ic
k
r
er
o
u
te
m
eth
o
d
d
ep
lo
y
ed
,
a
n
d
to
t
h
e
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
n
et
w
o
r
k
m
o
b
ilit
y
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
in
Mo
b
ile
-
Ad
-
h
o
c
Net
w
o
r
k
[
1
8
]
.
R
esear
ch
er
s
h
a
v
e
a
n
al
y
ze
d
m
an
y
w
o
r
k
s
i
n
t
h
e
ar
ea
o
f
s
ec
u
r
it
y
i
n
m
o
b
ile
ad
h
o
c
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
.
Mo
s
t
o
f
th
e
w
o
r
k
s
ar
e
co
n
ce
r
n
ed
w
it
h
th
e
p
h
y
s
ica
l
ar
r
an
g
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
n
o
d
es
an
d
t
h
eir
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
at
tr
ib
u
tes.
T
h
er
e
is
a
clea
r
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
n
et
w
o
r
k
tr
a
f
f
ic
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
i
n
th
e
s
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
w
h
ic
h
lead
s
to
b
i
g
g
er
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
.
C
o
n
s
id
er
a
s
ce
n
ar
io
w
it
h
t
w
en
t
y
n
o
d
es,
ea
ch
h
a
v
i
n
g
id
e
n
tical
attr
ib
u
tes
an
d
ar
e
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
tr
an
s
m
itti
n
g
d
ata
at
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
lev
el
a
s
it
s
n
ei
g
h
b
o
r
in
g
n
o
d
es
.
I
f
a
n
y
m
alicio
u
s
n
o
d
es
g
ets
its
el
f
i
n
to
t
h
is
n
et
w
o
r
k
a
n
d
s
t
ar
ts
attac
k
in
g
w
it
h
an
y
o
n
e
o
r
m
o
r
e
o
f
th
e
s
tate
d
an
o
n
y
m
it
y
f
ac
to
r
s
,
th
e
n
th
e
en
tire
to
p
o
lo
g
ical
in
teg
r
it
y
f
ails
.
No
w
,
in
s
u
c
h
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
n
o
d
e
au
th
e
n
ticat
io
n
p
la
y
s
a
v
er
y
p
r
o
m
i
s
in
g
r
o
le.
No
d
e
au
th
en
ticatio
n
p
r
ev
e
n
ts
ce
r
tain
attac
k
s
an
d
ex
p
lo
its
,
m
a
k
i
n
g
t
h
e
to
p
o
lo
g
y
s
ec
u
r
e.
B
u
t
if
a
n
y
au
th
e
n
ticat
io
n
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
is
ap
p
lied
,
th
e
n
th
er
e
is
a
q
u
e
s
tio
n
o
f
an
o
n
y
m
it
y
p
r
o
v
id
en
ce
in
t
h
at
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
2
,
Ma
y
2
0
1
8
:
7
6
3
–
7
6
9
766
I
n
th
i
s
p
ap
er
,
w
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
a
r
o
u
tin
g
p
r
o
to
co
l
f
o
r
a
d
h
o
c
n
et
w
o
r
k
w
h
ich
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
n
o
n
y
m
it
y
,
au
th
e
n
tica
tio
n
a
n
d
ac
co
u
n
ti
n
g
f
ac
to
r
.
T
h
e
p
ap
er
is
o
r
g
an
ized
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
s
ec
tio
n
2
e
x
p
lain
s
ab
o
u
t
o
u
r
Secu
r
it
y
Ma
n
d
ated
An
al
y
tics
b
ased
R
o
u
te
P
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
w
it
h
Dig
ita
l
Si
g
n
at
u
r
e
p
r
o
to
co
l
[
SM
A
R
P
DS]
.
I
n
s
ec
t
io
n
3
a
n
al
y
ze
s
th
e
in
te
g
r
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
.
Fi
n
all
y
,
s
ec
tio
n
4
co
n
cl
u
d
es th
e
o
v
er
all
w
o
r
k
a
n
d
th
e
w
o
r
k
s
p
la
n
n
ed
f
o
r
f
u
t
u
r
e
ex
te
n
s
ib
le
f
ac
to
r
s
o
f
t
h
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
esear
ch
w
o
r
k
.
2.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
RO
UT
I
N
G
P
R
O
T
O
CO
L
2
.
1
.
Alg
o
rit
h
m
W
o
r
k
i
ng
Ass
u
m
ptio
ns
T
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
as
s
u
m
e
s
t
h
at
e
v
er
y
n
o
d
e
in
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
h
as
a
p
er
m
a
n
e
n
t
id
e
n
tit
y
t
h
at
i
s
k
n
o
w
n
b
y
t
h
e
o
th
er
n
o
d
es
in
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
th
at
w
is
h
to
co
m
m
u
n
icate
w
it
h
th
is
n
o
d
e.
Nex
t,
w
e
ass
u
m
e
th
at
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
[
So
]
an
d
t
h
e
tar
g
e
ted
d
esti
n
atio
n
[
Dest]
s
h
ar
e
a
s
ec
r
et
k
e
y
w
h
ich
i
s
g
en
er
ate
d
a
n
d
i
s
s
u
ed
b
y
Ke
y
Ge
n
er
atio
n
Au
t
h
o
r
it
y
w
h
ic
h
i
s
iter
ati
v
e
q
u
er
y
b
ased
r
o
u
te
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
co
n
tr
o
lled
(
itec
-
KM
A
)
.
I
tec
-
KM
A
h
a
n
d
les
b
o
th
t
h
e
p
r
iv
ate
an
d
p
u
b
lic
k
e
y
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
au
t
h
e
n
ticatio
n
.
T
h
e
p
r
iv
ate
k
e
y
is
n
o
t
s
h
ar
ed
w
it
h
t
h
e
o
th
er
n
o
d
es.
I
t
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
lo
ca
ll
y
s
ig
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
n
o
d
e
p
ac
k
ets.
T
h
e
p
u
b
lic
k
e
y
i
s
o
p
en
l
y
a
v
ailab
le
a
n
d
w
i
ll
b
e
u
s
ed
b
y
th
e
n
o
d
es
th
at
n
ee
d
to
v
alid
ate
t
h
e
s
i
g
n
e
r
’
s
elec
tr
o
n
ic
s
ig
n
at
u
r
e.
Dif
f
e
r
en
t
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
ize
t
h
e
g
en
er
ated
k
e
y
s
u
s
ed
b
et
w
ee
n
s
o
u
r
ce
an
d
d
es
tin
a
tio
n
(
e.
g
.
an
en
cr
y
p
ted
d
ig
ital
s
i
g
n
atu
r
e
co
u
n
ter
)
.
T
h
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
n
ee
d
s
to
s
to
r
e
t
w
o
co
n
s
ec
u
tiv
e
g
e
n
er
ated
k
e
y
s
,
t
h
e
g
k
e
y
i
t
h
at
i
s
cu
r
r
en
tl
y
u
s
e
d
an
d
th
e
n
ex
t
g
k
e
y
i+1
.
T
h
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
ad
v
a
n
ce
s
th
is
w
in
d
o
w
w
h
e
n
it
r
ec
eiv
e
s
a
R
o
u
te
R
eq
u
es
t
[
R
R
E
Q]
id
en
ti
f
ied
w
i
th
g
k
e
y
i+1
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
f
o
r
o
u
r
p
r
o
to
co
l
to
b
e
e
f
f
icien
t,
w
e
a
s
s
u
m
e
t
h
at
n
o
d
es
w
i
ll
o
n
l
y
s
h
ar
e
g
e
n
er
ated
k
e
y
s
w
i
th
a
li
m
ited
s
et
o
f
o
th
er
n
o
d
es.
Ne
x
t,
w
e
ass
u
m
e
th
a
t
ev
er
y
n
o
d
e
h
as
estab
li
s
h
ed
a
b
r
o
ad
ca
s
t
k
e
y
w
i
th
it
s
1
-
h
o
p
n
eig
h
b
o
r
h
o
o
d
.
T
h
is
b
r
o
a
d
ca
s
t
k
e
y
w
i
ll b
e
u
s
ed
to
en
cr
y
p
t t
h
e
R
R
E
P
m
es
s
ag
e
s
.
2
.
2
.
Sy
s
t
em
M
o
del A
s
s
u
m
pt
io
n
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
p
r
o
to
co
l
n
ee
d
s
a
ce
n
tr
alize
d
k
e
y
g
e
n
er
atin
g
a
n
d
is
s
u
in
g
a
u
t
h
o
r
it
y
,
n
a
m
el
y
Ke
y
G
en
er
atio
n
Au
t
h
o
r
it
y
(
itec
-
KM
A
)
.
I
n
a
M
o
b
ile
ad
h
o
c
n
et
w
o
r
k
,
th
e
r
ec
e
iv
er
n
o
d
e
n
ev
er
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
s
it
s
r
o
le
as
to
w
h
e
th
er
it
is
a
tr
an
s
m
it
tin
g
p
o
in
t
o
r
i
t
i
s
t
h
e
i
n
te
n
d
ed
r
ec
eiv
i
n
g
p
o
in
t.
So
i
n
t
h
i
s
p
ar
t,
w
e
as
s
u
m
e
th
at
th
e
s
e
n
d
er
n
o
d
e
k
n
o
w
s
th
e
p
u
b
lic
k
e
y
o
f
t
h
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
n
o
d
e.
W
e
f
u
r
t
h
e
r
ass
u
m
e
t
h
at
ea
ch
n
o
d
e
ca
n
ef
f
icien
tl
y
p
r
o
ce
s
s
cr
y
p
t
o
g
r
ap
h
ic
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
.
Fi
n
all
y
,
w
h
i
le
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
p
r
o
g
r
ess
,
th
e
ti
m
e
clo
ck
ca
n
b
e
m
ain
tai
n
ed
b
y
ea
c
h
n
o
d
e
w
it
h
ex
ce
ed
i
n
g
l
y
lo
w
er
r
o
r
r
ate
.
2
.
3
.
Co
nd
it
io
ns
Required
A
chiev
ing
Secure
Co
mm
u
nica
t
io
ns
T
h
er
e
ar
e
s
o
m
e
s
ec
u
r
it
y
cr
iter
ia
th
at
n
ee
d
to
b
e
ac
h
i
ev
ed
in
o
r
d
er
to
estab
lis
h
a
s
ec
u
r
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
i
n
M
A
NE
T
.
T
h
ese
cr
iter
ia
ar
e
lis
ted
as
f
o
llo
w
s
a.
T
h
e
p
ar
ticip
atin
g
n
o
d
es
m
u
s
t
h
av
e
a
n
as
s
o
ciatio
n
w
it
h
ea
ch
o
th
er
.
I
n
o
th
er
w
o
r
d
s
,
a
n
ei
g
h
b
o
r
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
estab
lis
h
m
e
n
t i
s
n
ee
d
ed
.
T
h
is
w
il
l e
n
s
u
r
e
n
o
d
e
tr
u
s
t a
b
ilit
y
.
b.
T
h
e
n
eig
h
b
o
r
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
e
s
tab
lis
h
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
m
u
s
t
b
e
d
o
n
e
w
it
h
a
s
ec
u
r
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
s
o
t
h
at
co
n
f
id
e
n
tialit
y
is
m
ai
n
tai
n
ed
w
h
ic
h
is
m
o
s
t
n
ee
d
ed
in
s
en
s
it
iv
e
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
i
n
ter
ch
a
n
g
e
in
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
c.
Data
in
te
g
r
it
y
m
u
s
t b
e
m
ain
tai
n
ed
in
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
o
as
to
d
etec
t c
o
r
r
u
p
ted
o
r
alter
ed
d
ata
p
ac
k
ets.
2
.
4
.
Ro
ute
Set
up
T
h
e
ce
n
tr
alize
d
k
e
y
g
en
er
atio
n
an
d
is
s
u
in
g
au
th
o
r
it
y
Ke
y
G
en
er
atio
n
Au
t
h
o
r
it
y
(
itec
-
KM
A
)
h
a
n
d
le
s
b
o
th
th
e
p
r
iv
ate
a
n
d
p
u
b
lic
k
e
y
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
au
t
h
e
n
ticatio
n
.
W
h
en
a
le
g
iti
m
ate
n
o
d
e
(
L
N)
w
a
n
ts
to
j
o
in
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
,
i
tec
-
K
M
A
i
s
s
u
es
p
r
iv
ate
k
e
y
(
p
k
e
y
)
L
N
w
h
ic
h
i
s
u
s
ed
f
o
r
g
e
n
er
ati
n
g
Di
g
ital
s
i
g
n
at
u
r
e
(
σ
)
L
N
←
SIG
N
p
k
e
y
L
N.
An
d
also
,
itec
-
KM
A
i
n
f
o
r
m
s
t
h
e
ti
m
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
a
n
d
its
t
h
r
es
h
o
ld
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
R
o
u
ti
n
g
Scen
ar
io
w
i
th
T
h
r
ee
R
o
u
ter
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
S
ec
u
r
ity
Ma
n
d
a
ted
A
n
a
lytics b
a
s
ed
R
o
u
te
P
r
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ce
s
s
in
g
w
ith
Dig
ita
l
S
ig
n
a
tu
r
e…
(
K
.
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in
a
ya
ka
n
)
767
T
h
e
ti
m
e
t
h
r
es
h
o
ld
is
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
b
y
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
ar
ticip
atin
g
n
o
d
es
an
d
t
h
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
s
p
ee
d
an
d
th
er
eb
y
it
b
ec
o
m
e
s
allo
w
a
n
ce
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
o
f
th
e
ti
m
es
ta
m
p
f
o
r
th
e
p
ar
ticip
atin
g
n
o
d
es
to
d
ec
id
e
th
e
f
r
esh
n
e
s
s
o
f
t
i
m
esta
m
p
.
A
ll
n
o
d
es
o
f
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
h
a
v
e
th
e
g
r
o
u
p
p
u
b
lic
k
e
y
(
p
u
k
e
y
)
w
h
ich
i
s
n
ee
d
ed
to
v
er
i
f
y
th
e
d
ig
ita
l
s
ig
n
at
u
r
e.
T
h
e
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
d
ep
icts
a
n
et
w
o
r
k
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
w
it
h
th
r
ee
r
o
u
ter
s
s
ce
n
ar
io
.
2
.
5
.
Scena
rio
o
f
E
v
ent
w
it
h
R
esp
ec
t
t
o
Securit
y
I
n
th
e
g
i
v
e
n
s
ce
n
ar
io
,
co
n
s
i
d
er
th
at
b
o
th
th
e
r
o
u
ter
s
h
av
e
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
SMA
R
P
DS
alg
o
r
ith
m
en
ab
led
in
th
e
m
.
C
o
n
s
id
er
an
e
v
en
t
in
w
h
ich
R
o
u
ter
A
is
s
e
n
d
in
g
a
d
ata
to
R
o
u
ter
B
w
it
h
i
tec
-
K
M
A
au
th
e
n
tica
tin
g
t
h
e
en
tire
p
r
o
c
ess
o
f
d
ata
tr
an
s
f
er
.
T
h
er
e
w
ill
b
e
f
o
u
r
s
ta
g
es
i
n
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
n
a
m
el
y
R
o
u
te
Dis
co
v
er
y
,
R
o
u
te
Selectio
n
,
R
o
u
te
Au
t
h
en
ticatio
n
a
n
d
Dat
a
T
r
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
.
T
h
is
s
ce
n
ar
io
is
clea
r
l
y
p
o
r
tr
a
y
ed
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
w
it
h
th
e
f
o
u
r
s
ta
g
es
m
ar
k
ed
alo
n
g
w
it
h
th
e
K
e
y
Gen
er
atio
n
A
u
th
o
r
it
y
(
i
tec
-
KM
A
)
an
d
Di
g
ital
Sig
n
at
u
r
e
(
DS)
co
m
p
o
n
en
t a
ct
in
g
a
s
th
e
p
ar
t o
f
t
h
e
r
o
u
ti
n
g
s
ce
n
ar
io
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
R
o
u
ti
n
g
Scen
ar
io
w
i
th
T
w
o
R
o
u
ter
Co
m
m
u
n
icat
in
g
2
.
6
.
S
M
ARP
DS A
lg
o
rit
h
m
I
n
th
i
s
s
ec
tio
n
,
w
e
p
r
esen
t
a
n
e
w
n
et
w
o
r
k
p
r
o
to
co
l
ca
lled
S
MA
R
P
DS
p
r
o
to
co
l.
I
t
is
an
a
n
o
n
y
m
o
u
s
an
d
au
t
h
e
n
ticatio
n
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
r
o
u
tin
g
p
r
o
to
co
l
tar
g
eted
at
Mo
b
ile
A
d
h
o
c
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
ar
e
s
o
m
e
p
r
o
p
er
ties
o
f
SM
AR
P
DS A
lg
o
r
ith
m
:
a)
P
r
o
p
er
d
eliv
er
y
o
f
P
ac
k
et
s
to
th
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
(
u
n
les
s
h
i
n
d
er
ed
b
y
o
th
er
f
ac
to
r
s
li
k
e
co
n
g
e
s
tio
n
,
d
o
w
n
t
i
m
e.
)
b)
E
f
f
icien
t d
ata
tr
an
s
f
er
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
f
aste
s
t a
n
d
s
e
n
s
ib
le
r
o
u
ti
n
g
m
et
h
o
d
(
A
n
a
l
y
t
ics b
ased
R
o
u
t
e
P
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
)
c)
E
as
y
ad
ap
tab
ilit
y
to
T
o
p
o
l
o
g
y
ch
an
g
e
an
d
Net
w
o
r
k
L
o
ad
f
a
cto
r
s
.
2
.
6
.
1
.
S
M
ARP
DS
Alg
o
rit
h
m
-
P
s
eudo
o
de
I
n
th
e
s
ec
t
io
n
,
p
r
esen
t
s
th
e
P
s
e
u
d
o
co
d
e
f
o
r
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
n
etw
o
r
k
p
r
o
to
co
l c
alled
SMARP
DS.
BE
GIN (
S
M
AR
PDS
a
l
g
o
rit
h
m)
fo
re
a
c
h
n
o
d
e
(
n
o
d
e
i)
*
Af
ter
T
se
c
o
n
d
s se
n
d
Up
d
a
te
m
e
ss
a
g
e
s (UPD_
M
S
G)
*
Rec
e
ive
Up
d
a
te
m
e
ss
a
g
e
s (UPD
_
M
S
G)
*
Up
d
a
te R
o
u
ti
n
g
ta
b
le
if
(
ro
u
ti
n
g
ta
b
le o
f
n
o
d
e
i
is n
o
t
ma
tu
re
d
)
Ini
ti
a
li
ze
t
h
e
sta
rt
a
n
d
d
e
stin
a
ti
o
n
n
o
d
e
p
o
i
n
ts
Ge
n
e
ra
te
mix
e
d
a
u
t
h
e
n
ti
c
a
ted
k
e
y
s (
p
riv
a
te a
n
d
p
u
b
li
c
)
Ge
n
e
ra
te
ra
n
d
o
m ke
y
s
(
p
riv
a
te a
n
d
p
u
b
li
c
)
u
sin
g
th
e
D
S
Ass
ig
n
n
o
d
e
v
a
lu
e
s a
n
d
u
p
d
a
te A
n
a
lytics
t
a
b
le
M
a
tch
t
h
e
k
e
y
s b
e
twee
n
it
e
c
-
KM
A
a
n
d
D
S
Use
An
a
lytics
ta
b
le
Up
d
a
te
me
tric v
a
l
u
e
s
M
a
tch
R
o
u
te wi
th
th
e
A
n
a
lyt
ics
ta
b
le
*
Bro
a
d
c
a
st
a
n
d
Up
d
a
te ro
u
ti
n
g
t
a
b
le
e
lse
if
(ro
u
ti
n
g
t
a
b
le
o
f
n
o
d
e
i
is p
a
rtia
ll
y
ma
t
u
re
d
)
Ini
ti
a
li
ze
t
h
e
sta
rt
a
n
d
d
e
stin
a
ti
o
n
n
o
d
e
p
o
i
n
ts
Ge
n
e
ra
te
mix
e
d
a
u
t
h
e
n
ti
c
a
ted
k
e
y
s (
p
riv
a
te a
n
d
p
u
b
li
c
)
M
a
tch
wi
th
t
h
e
e
x
isti
n
g
k
e
y
s o
f
it
e
c
-
KM
A
Ge
n
e
ra
te
ra
n
d
o
m ke
y
s (
p
riv
a
te a
n
d
p
u
b
li
c
)
u
sin
g
th
e
D
S
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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o
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J
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&
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p
Sci,
Vo
l.
10
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2
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Ma
y
2
0
1
8
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7
6
3
–
7
6
9
768
M
a
tch
wi
th
t
h
e
e
x
isti
n
g
k
e
y
s o
f
D
S
Ass
ig
n
n
o
d
e
v
a
lu
e
s a
n
d
u
p
d
a
te
A
n
a
lytics
ta
b
le
M
a
tch
e
x
isti
n
g
ro
u
tes
wit
h
t
h
e
n
e
wly g
e
n
e
ra
ted
v
a
lu
e
s
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a
tch
t
h
e
k
e
y
s b
e
twee
n
it
e
c
-
KM
A
a
n
d
D
S
Use
An
a
lytics
ta
b
le
Up
d
a
te
me
tric v
a
l
u
e
s
M
a
tch
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o
u
te wi
th
th
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a
lyt
ic
s ta
b
le
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a
d
c
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n
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le
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ti
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a
b
le
o
f
n
o
d
e
i
is f
u
l
ly ma
tu
re
d
)
*
S
e
n
d
Up
d
a
te
m
e
ss
a
g
e
s (UPD
_
M
S
G)
*
Rec
e
ive
Up
d
a
te
m
e
ss
a
g
e
s (UPD
_
M
S
G)
Use
An
a
lytics
ta
b
le
Up
d
a
te
me
tric v
a
l
u
e
s
M
a
tch
R
o
u
te wi
th
th
e
A
n
a
lyt
ics
ta
b
le
*
Bro
a
d
c
a
st
a
n
d
Up
d
a
te ro
u
ti
n
g
t
a
b
le
re
tu
rn
e
n
d
T
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
T
ab
le
1
g
iv
es
a
clea
r
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
v
ar
io
u
s
o
th
er
p
r
o
to
co
ls
b
elo
n
g
in
g
to
th
e
s
a
m
e
f
ea
t
u
r
e
s
e
t
as
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
it
h
m
.
All
o
f
t
h
o
s
e
e
n
s
u
r
e
n
o
d
e
a
n
o
n
y
m
i
t
y
an
d
r
o
u
te
a
n
o
n
y
m
it
y
w
it
h
th
eir
b
u
ilt
-
in
s
et
o
f
w
o
r
k
in
g
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
t
h
is
r
o
u
ti
n
g
p
r
o
to
co
l
d
o
es
n
o
t
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
lo
ca
tio
n
an
o
n
y
m
i
t
y
.
Au
t
h
en
ticatio
n
f
ac
to
r
is
lack
in
g
i
n
th
e
s
e
p
r
o
to
co
l
s
.
T
ab
le
1
.
Secu
r
it
y
E
v
al
u
atio
n
o
f
Var
io
u
s
P
r
o
to
co
ls
P
r
o
t
o
c
o
l
s
A
d
j
u
n
c
t
C
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
st
i
c
s
R
o
u
t
e
p
a
t
h
P
o
si
t
i
o
n
P
a
c
k
e
t
A
u
t
h
e
n
t
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
A
N
O
D
R
[
7
]
Y
e
s
Y
e
s
No
No
No
A
R
M
[
1
0
]
Y
e
s
Y
e
s
Y
e
s
Y
e
s
No
F
R
R
P
[
1
1
]
Y
e
s
Y
e
s
P
a
r
t
i
a
l
Y
e
s
P
a
r
t
i
a
l
M
A
S
K
[
1
2
]
Y
e
s
Y
e
s
Y
e
s
No
No
S
M
A
R
P
D
S
Y
e
s
Y
e
s
Y
e
s
Y
e
s
Y
e
s
3.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
im
p
o
r
tan
t
asp
ec
t
o
f
A
d
-
h
o
c
r
o
u
tin
g
p
r
o
to
co
l
is
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
th
e
an
o
n
y
m
i
t
y
.
An
o
n
y
m
it
y
w
it
h
b
o
th
r
o
u
te
an
d
au
t
h
en
t
icatio
n
p
r
iv
ac
y
f
ea
t
u
r
es.
Ma
n
y
p
r
o
to
co
ls
w
h
ich
o
p
er
ate
in
M
A
NE
T
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
f
ail
to
co
m
p
e
n
s
ate
t
h
at
le
v
el
o
f
an
o
n
y
m
it
y
a
n
d
au
t
h
e
n
ticatio
n
th
at
is
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
s
ec
u
r
e
co
n
v
er
g
e
n
ce
.
L
ac
k
o
f
au
th
e
n
tic
a
tio
n
m
ea
n
s
v
u
l
n
er
a
b
le
m
o
d
el
w
h
ic
h
ca
n
cr
ea
te
i
m
p
er
s
o
n
atio
n
o
r
f
alsi
f
icat
io
n
o
f
d
ata
tr
a
n
s
f
er
r
ed
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
p
r
o
to
c
o
l
m
ai
n
ta
in
s
a
n
o
n
y
m
it
y
b
y
g
e
n
er
ati
n
g
r
an
d
o
m
k
e
y
s
(
p
r
iv
ate
a
n
d
p
u
b
l
ic)
to
p
r
eser
v
e
th
e
au
th
e
n
tica
tio
n
o
f
th
e
s
ess
io
n
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
an
d
d
es
tin
atio
n
af
ter
p
at
h
d
is
co
v
er
y
.
I
n
th
e
p
ap
er
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
s
ec
u
r
e
ad
h
o
c
r
o
u
tin
g
p
r
o
to
co
l
b
ased
o
n
d
ig
ital
s
ig
n
at
u
r
e
w
h
ich
al
lev
ia
tes
th
e
p
r
o
b
le
m
o
f
au
th
e
n
tica
tio
n
a
n
d
an
o
n
y
m
it
y
p
er
s
ev
er
an
ce
.
I
n
F
u
t
u
r
e
w
o
r
k
,
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
ca
n
b
e
m
o
d
if
ied
an
d
ca
n
b
e
m
ad
e
to
a
co
m
p
lete
a
d
ef
en
d
i
n
g
p
r
o
to
co
l f
o
r
MA
NE
T
w
it
h
t
h
e
f
ac
il
it
y
to
b
e
less
v
u
ln
er
ab
le
a
n
d
m
o
r
e
au
t
h
en
t
ic
i
n
its
o
p
er
atio
n
s
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
Bo
rk
a
r,
G
.
M
.
,
a
n
d
M
a
h
a
jan
,
A
.
R.
,
“
A
se
c
u
re
a
n
d
tr
u
st
b
a
se
d
o
n
-
d
e
m
a
n
d
m
u
lt
ip
a
th
ro
u
ti
n
g
sc
h
e
m
e
f
o
r
se
lf
-
o
rg
a
n
ize
d
m
o
b
il
e
a
d
-
h
o
c
n
e
tw
o
rk
s”
,
W
ire
les
s Ne
two
rk
s
,
v
o
l.
2
3
,
n
o
.
8
,
p
p
.
2
4
5
5
-
2
4
7
2
,
2
0
1
7
.
[2
]
Ch
a
c
k
o
,
N.M
.
,
S
a
m
,
S
.
a
n
d
L
e
e
l
ip
u
sh
p
a
m
,
P
.
G
.
J.,
“
A
su
rv
e
y
o
n
v
a
rio
u
s
p
riv
a
c
y
a
n
d
se
c
u
rity
fea
t
u
re
s
a
d
o
p
ted
i
n
M
ANE
T
s
ro
u
ti
n
g
Pro
to
c
o
l
”
,
2
0
1
3
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
M
u
lt
i
-
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
in
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
,
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
,
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
,
Co
n
tr
o
l
a
n
d
Co
m
p
re
ss
e
d
S
e
n
sin
g
(iM
a
c
4
s),
2
0
1
3
,
p
p
.
5
0
8
-
5
1
3
.
[3
]
M
o
v
a
h
e
d
i,
Zein
a
b
,
Zah
ra
H
o
ss
e
in
i,
F
a
h
im
e
h
Ba
y
a
n
,
a
n
d
G
u
y
P
u
j
o
ll
e
.
,
“
T
ru
st
-
d
ist
o
rti
o
n
re
sista
n
t
tr
u
st
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
f
ra
m
e
w
o
rk
s
o
n
m
o
b
il
e
a
d
h
o
c
n
e
t
w
o
rk
s:
A
su
rv
e
y
”
,
IEE
E
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
S
u
rv
e
y
s
&
T
u
to
ria
ls
,
v
o
l.
1
8
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
2
8
7
-
1
3
0
9
,
2
0
1
6
.
[4
]
S
h
a
rm
a
,
G
.
,
M
it
tal,
A
.
,
a
n
d
Ag
g
a
rwa
l,
R.
,
“
A
tt
a
c
k
s
o
n
A
d
h
o
c
O
n
-
De
m
a
n
d
Dista
n
c
e
V
e
c
to
r
Ro
u
ti
n
g
in
M
A
NE
T
”
,
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
Res
e
a
rc
h
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
(
IRJET
),
v
o
l.
3
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
7
0
8
-
7
1
2
,
2
0
1
6
.
[5
]
S
u
m
a
,
C.
C.
,
H.
L
.
G
u
ru
ra
j,
a
n
d
B.
Ra
m
e
sh
.
,
“
A
n
a
u
th
e
n
ti
c
a
te
d
e
n
c
ry
p
ted
ro
u
ti
n
g
p
ro
to
c
o
l
a
g
a
in
st
a
tt
a
c
k
s
in
m
o
b
il
e
a
d
-
h
o
c
n
e
tw
o
rk
s”
,
Co
mp
u
ta
ti
o
n
a
l
M
e
th
o
d
s in
S
o
c
ia
l
S
c
ien
c
e
s
,
v
o
l.
4
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
5
-
1
1
,
2
0
1
6
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
S
ec
u
r
ity
Ma
n
d
a
ted
A
n
a
lytics b
a
s
ed
R
o
u
te
P
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
w
ith
Dig
ita
l
S
ig
n
a
tu
r
e…
(
K
.
V
in
a
ya
ka
n
)
769
[6
]
F
e
rra
g
,
M
o
h
a
m
e
d
Am
in
e
,
L
e
a
n
d
ro
sMag
lara
s,
a
n
d
A
h
m
e
d
A
h
m
im
.
,
“
P
riv
a
c
y
-
p
re
se
r
v
in
g
sc
h
e
m
e
s
f
o
r
A
d
Ho
c
S
o
c
ial
Ne
tw
o
rk
s:
A
su
rv
e
y
”
,
IEE
E
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
S
u
rv
e
y
s
&
T
u
to
ria
ls
,
p
p
.
1
-
2
7
,
2
0
1
7
.
[7
]
Jie
ju
n
,
Ko
n
g
,
a
n
d
Ho
n
g
X
iao
y
a
n
A
NO
DR,
“
An
o
n
y
mo
u
s
o
n
De
ma
n
d
Ro
u
ti
n
g
wit
h
Un
tr
a
c
e
a
b
le
Ro
u
tes
fo
r
M
o
b
il
e
Ad
-
h
o
c
Ne
two
rk
s
”
,
4
th
A
CM
in
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
sy
m
p
o
siu
m
o
n
M
o
b
il
e
a
d
h
o
c
n
e
tw
o
rk
in
g
&
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
,
p
p
.
2
9
1
-
3
0
2
,
2
0
0
3
.
[8
]
P
a
d
m
a
v
a
th
i,
G
.
,
P
.
S
u
b
a
sh
in
i,
a
n
d
D.
De
v
i
A
ru
n
a
.
,
“
AN
OD
R
-
EC
C
Ke
y
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
ro
t
o
c
o
l
w
it
h
T
EL
NE
T
to
se
c
u
re
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
Ne
tw
o
rk
la
y
e
r
f
o
r
M
o
b
il
e
A
d
h
o
c
Ne
tw
o
rk
s”
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
D
istrib
u
ted
a
n
d
Pa
ra
ll
e
l
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
3
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
3
3
1
-
3
3
9
,
2
0
1
2
.
[9
]
Bo
rk
a
r,
G
a
u
t
a
m
M
.
,
a
n
d
A
.
R.
M
a
h
a
jan
.
,
“
A
se
c
u
re
a
n
d
tru
st
b
a
se
d
o
n
-
d
e
m
a
n
d
m
u
lt
ip
a
th
r
o
u
t
in
g
s
c
h
e
m
e
f
o
r
se
l
f
-
o
rg
a
n
ize
d
m
o
b
il
e
a
d
-
h
o
c
n
e
tw
o
rk
s”
,
W
ire
les
s Ne
two
rk
s
,
v
o
l.
2
3
,
n
o
.
8
,
p
p
.
2
4
5
5
-
2
4
7
2
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
0
]
S
e
y
s,
S
.
a
n
d
P
re
n
e
e
l,
B.
,
“
A
RM
:
A
n
o
n
y
m
o
u
s
ro
u
ti
n
g
p
ro
t
o
c
o
l
f
o
r
m
o
b
il
e
a
d
h
o
c
n
e
tw
o
rk
s
”
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
W
ire
les
s a
n
d
M
o
b
il
e
C
o
mp
u
ti
n
g
,
v
o
l.
3
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
4
5
-
1
5
5
,
2
0
0
9
.
[1
1
]
Ra
m
a
n
a
,
V
.
V
.
a
n
d
Re
d
d
y
,
A
.
R
.
M
.
,
“
Estab
li
sh
i
n
g
tru
st
b
e
tw
e
e
n
e
n
e
rg
y
a
wa
re
n
o
d
e
s
in
M
A
NET
s:
a
fa
m
il
y
re
latio
n
sh
i
p
-
b
a
se
d
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
”
,
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
S
ma
rt
G
rid
a
n
d
Gr
e
e
n
Co
mm
u
n
ica
t
io
n
s
,
v
o
l.
1
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
1
4
-
1
2
9
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
2
]
Zh
a
n
g
,
Ya
n
c
h
a
o
,
W
e
i
L
iu
,
W
e
n
ji
n
g
L
o
u
,
a
n
d
Y
u
g
u
a
n
g
F
a
n
g
.
,
“
M
A
S
K:
a
n
o
n
y
m
o
u
s
o
n
-
d
e
m
a
n
d
ro
u
ti
n
g
i
n
m
o
b
il
e
a
d
h
o
c
n
e
tw
o
rk
s”
,
IEE
E
tra
n
sa
c
t
io
n
s
o
n
w
ire
les
s c
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l.
5
,
n
o
.
9
,
p
p
.
2
3
7
6
-
2
3
8
5
,
2
0
0
6
.
[1
3
]
M
e
ij
e
r,
He
n
k
,
a
n
d
S
e
li
m
A
k
l.
,
“
Di
g
it
a
l
sig
n
a
tu
re
sc
h
e
m
e
s”
,
Cr
y
p
to
lo
g
ia,
v
o
l.
6
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
3
2
9
-
3
3
8
,
1
9
8
2
.
[1
4
]
S
a
k
o
,
Ka
z
u
e
.
,
“
Dig
it
a
l
sig
n
a
t
u
re
sc
h
e
me
s
”
,
In
En
c
y
c
lo
p
e
d
ia
o
f
Cr
y
p
to
g
ra
p
h
y
a
n
d
S
e
c
u
rit
y
,
S
p
rin
g
e
r
US,
p
p
.
3
4
3
-
3
4
4
,
2
0
1
1
.
[1
5
]
S
h
a
h
,
D.
a
n
d
M
e
h
ta,
N.
,
“
M
e
th
o
d
o
f
u
sin
g
tex
t
a
n
d
p
ict
u
re
f
o
rm
a
tt
in
g
o
p
ti
o
n
s
a
s
p
a
rt
o
f
c
re
d
e
n
ti
a
ls
f
o
r
u
se
r
a
u
th
e
n
ti
c
a
ti
o
n
,
a
s
a
p
a
rt
o
f
e
le
c
tro
n
ic
sig
n
a
tu
re
a
n
d
a
s
a
p
a
rt
o
f
c
h
a
ll
e
n
g
e
f
o
r
u
se
r
v
e
ri
f
ica
ti
o
n
”
,
U.
S
.
P
a
ten
t
No
.
9
,
5
3
6
,
0
6
9
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
6
]
T
a
m
i
z
h
a
ra
si,
A
.
,
S
e
lv
a
th
a
i
J.J.,
Ka
v
ip
ri
y
a
A
.
,
M
a
a
rli
n
R.
,
Ha
rin
e
th
a
M
.
“
En
e
rg
y
a
w
a
re
h
e
u
risti
c
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
f
o
r
c
lu
ste
r
h
e
a
d
se
lec
ti
o
n
in
w
irele
s
s
se
n
so
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
”
,
Bu
ll
e
ti
n
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
(
BE
EI)
,
v
o
l.
6
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
7
0
-
7
5
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
7
]
M
a
n
ish
a
R.
D.
,
V
e
m
u
ru
S
.
,
“
Ro
u
ti
n
g
De
sig
n
Iss
u
e
s
in
He
tr
o
g
e
n
e
o
u
s
W
irele
ss
S
e
n
so
r
Ne
tw
o
rk
”
,
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
t
e
r E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
EE
CS
)
,
v
o
l
.
8
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
-
1
0
,
2
0
1
8
[1
8
]
Am
a
n
,
A
.
H.
M
.
,
Ha
sh
im
,
A
.
H
.
A
.
,
&
Ra
m
li
,
H.
A
.
M
.
,
“
S
im
u
latio
n
A
n
a
ly
sis
f
o
r
M
u
lt
ica
st
Co
n
tex
t
De
li
v
e
r
y
Ne
tw
o
rk
M
o
b
il
it
y
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t”,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
I
n
fo
rm
a
ti
c
s
(
IJ
E
EI)
,
v
o
l.
5
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
3
9
0
-
3
9
4
,
2
0
1
7
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.