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co
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tr
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ap
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s
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lets
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wh
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to
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ap
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to
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on
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to
p
co
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p
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ter
s
[
1
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
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J
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E
n
g
&
C
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m
p
Sci
I
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N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
Dev
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f m
o
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d
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p
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[
2
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.
Mo
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ter
f
ac
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(
UI
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d
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also
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cr
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a
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d
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as
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u
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T
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User
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s
to
m
an
ip
u
late
a
s
y
s
tem
,
an
d
d
ev
ice'
s
o
u
tp
u
t
allo
ws
th
e
s
y
s
tem
to
in
d
icate
th
e
ef
f
ec
ts
of
th
e
u
s
er
s
'
m
an
ip
u
latio
n
.
Mo
b
ile
UI
d
esig
n
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
in
clu
d
e
lim
ited
atten
tio
n
a
n
d
f
o
r
m
f
ac
to
r
s
,
s
u
c
h
as
a
m
o
b
ile
d
e
v
ice'
s
s
cr
ee
n
s
ize
f
o
r
a
u
s
er
'
s
h
an
d
.
Mo
b
ile
UI
co
n
tex
ts
s
ig
n
al
cu
es
f
r
o
m
u
s
er
ac
tiv
ity
,
s
u
c
h
as
lo
ca
tio
n
an
d
s
ch
ed
u
lin
g
th
at
can
be
s
h
o
wn
f
r
o
m
u
s
er
in
ter
ac
tio
n
s
with
in
a
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
[
3
]
.
O
v
er
all,
m
o
b
ile
UI
d
esig
n
'
s
g
o
al
is
p
r
i
m
ar
ily
to
r
ea
lis
e
an
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
a
b
le,
u
s
er
-
f
r
ien
d
ly
in
ter
f
ac
e.
Mo
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
UI
s
or
f
r
o
n
ten
d
s
r
el
y
on
m
o
b
ile
b
ac
k
en
d
s
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
ac
ce
s
s
to
en
ter
p
r
is
e
s
y
s
tem
s
.
T
h
e
m
o
b
ile
b
ac
k
en
d
f
ac
ilit
ates
d
ata
r
o
u
tin
g
,
s
ec
u
r
ity
,
au
th
e
n
ticatio
n
,
au
th
o
r
iz
atio
n
,
wo
r
k
in
g
o
f
f
-
lin
e,
an
d
s
er
v
ice
o
r
ch
estra
tio
n
.
T
h
is
f
u
n
ctio
n
ality
is
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
by
a
m
ix
of
m
i
d
d
lewa
r
e
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
in
clu
d
in
g
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
s
er
v
er
s
,
m
o
b
ile
b
ac
k
en
d
as
a
s
er
v
ice
(
MBaaS)
,
an
d
s
er
v
ice
-
o
r
ien
ted
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
(
SOA)
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
[
4
]
.
T
h
e
b
ac
k
e
n
d
is
m
ad
e
up
of
s
cr
ip
ts
an
d
pr
o
g
r
am
s
th
at
ex
ec
u
te
in
t
h
e
b
a
ck
g
r
o
u
n
d
.
I
ts
m
ajo
r
f
u
n
ctio
n
is
to
en
s
u
r
e
t
h
at
r
eq
u
ests
f
o
r
d
ata
an
d
s
er
v
ices
f
r
o
m
clien
ts
ar
e
ad
eq
u
ately
ca
t
er
ed
f
o
r
.
To
ac
h
ie
v
e
th
is
f
ea
t,
it
m
ak
es
u
s
e
of
d
ata
b
ase,
d
ata
in
teg
r
atio
n
an
d
ap
p
licatio
n
,
ap
p
licatio
n
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
in
g
in
ter
f
ac
e
(
API
)
an
d
o
th
e
r
b
ac
k
e
n
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
[
5
]
.
T
h
ese
d
ay
s
,
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
s
an
d
atten
d
an
ce
tak
in
g
ar
e
g
r
ad
u
ally
f
in
d
in
g
a
co
m
m
o
n
g
r
o
u
n
d
.
T
h
e
n
ee
d
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
th
at
m
ak
es
th
e
s
y
s
tem
of
atten
d
an
ce
ta
k
in
g
an
d
v
i
ewin
g
s
ea
m
less
an
d
au
to
m
ated
lea
d
to
th
e
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ctio
n
of
s
tu
d
en
t
atten
d
an
c
e
m
an
ag
e
m
en
t
s
y
s
tem
d
esig
n
ed
u
s
in
g
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
-
b
ased
tech
n
o
lo
g
i
es.
In
v
ar
io
u
s
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
i
n
s
titu
tio
n
s
,
m
an
ag
in
g
a
n
d
m
ain
tain
in
g
s
tu
d
en
t
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
is
a
r
ig
o
r
o
u
s
task
f
o
r
an
y
o
n
e
[
6
]
.
T
h
e
wh
o
le
ac
ad
em
ic
r
ec
o
r
d
of
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
co
n
s
is
ts
of
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
th
eir
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
an
d
p
r
o
g
r
ess
p
er
io
d
ically
,
wh
ich
is
a
v
er
y
huge
wo
r
k
lo
ad
on
lectu
r
er
s
to
h
an
d
le.
In
s
o
m
e
ca
s
es,
th
ese
l
ec
tu
r
er
s
h
av
e
to
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
ly
m
o
n
ito
r
t
h
e
p
r
o
m
p
tn
ess
of
ea
c
h
an
d
ev
er
y
s
tu
d
en
t
d
u
r
in
g
lectu
r
es
an
d
t
h
is
co
u
ld
h
av
e
d
e
v
astatin
g
co
n
s
eq
u
en
ce
s
on
th
e
s
ch
ed
u
le
of
s
u
ch
lectu
r
er
s
.
T
h
e
tr
ad
itio
n
al
way
of
tak
i
n
g
atte
n
d
an
ce
by
an
in
s
tr
u
cto
r
is
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
u
s
e
of
a
r
eg
is
ter
b
o
o
k
.
Su
ch
a
s
y
s
tem
tak
es
so
m
u
ch
tim
e
to
g
en
er
ate
a
r
ec
o
r
d
an
d
it
is
h
ig
h
ly
p
r
o
n
e
to
er
r
o
r
s
.
In
ad
d
itio
n
to
its
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
il
ity
to
er
r
o
r
s
,
it
is
also
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
le
to
f
r
a
u
d
a
n
d
e
v
en
,
t
h
e
en
tire
r
eg
is
ter
b
o
o
k
co
u
ld
g
et
m
is
s
in
g
.
Fo
r
t
h
is
r
ea
s
o
n
,
th
er
e
is
a
r
ec
en
t
in
ter
est
in
th
e
au
to
m
atio
n
of
atten
d
a
n
ce
tak
in
g
.
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
in
[7
]
-
[
17]
u
s
ed
Haar
ca
s
ca
d
e
class
if
ier
to
au
to
m
atica
lly
d
etec
t
f
ac
es
of
s
u
b
jects
in
ca
p
tu
r
ed
im
ag
es,
af
ter
wh
ich
th
e
ca
p
tu
r
ed
f
ac
e
im
a
g
es
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
e
d
with
f
ac
e
im
ag
e
s
in
a
d
atab
ase.
On
ce
a
m
atch
is
f
o
u
n
d
,
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
r
ec
o
r
d
of
th
e
s
u
b
ject
is
au
to
m
atica
lly
u
p
d
ated
.
B
y
alp
i
an
d
An
u
s
h
[
1
8
]
in
teg
r
ate
d
Alex
a
v
o
ice
ass
is
tan
ts
d
ev
elo
p
ed
by
Am
az
o
n
to
f
ac
ilit
ate
th
e
p
r
o
cc
ce
s
s
of
au
t
o
m
atic
a
tten
d
an
ce
r
ec
o
r
d
tak
in
g
.
T
h
e
ass
is
tan
t
r
ec
eiv
e
sa
v
o
i
ce
co
m
m
an
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
teac
h
er
,
wh
ich
in
titi
ates
th
e
s
tar
t
of
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
of
atten
d
an
ce
tak
in
g
.
Af
ter
th
is
,
in
p
u
t
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
ar
e
ac
ce
p
ted
by
th
e
s
y
s
tem
wh
ich
is
u
s
ed
in
u
p
d
atin
g
of
th
e
a
tten
d
an
ce
d
atab
ase
p
r
esen
t
on
a
s
er
v
er
.
Ma
n
y
r
esear
ch
wo
r
k
s
on
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
-
b
ased
atte
n
d
an
ce
m
a
n
ag
em
e
n
t
s
y
s
tem
e
x
is
t
in
th
e
liter
atu
r
e
.
Fo
r
ex
am
p
le,
t
h
e
a
u
th
o
r
s
in
[
1
9
]
d
ev
elo
p
ed
a
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
-
b
ased
atten
d
a
n
ce
lo
g
g
in
g
s
y
s
tem
u
s
in
g
Vis
u
al
B
as
ic.
Net
(
VB
.
N
E
T
)
an
d
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
d
q
u
e
r
y
l
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
(
SQL
)
s
er
v
er
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
was
u
s
ed
to
s
to
r
e,
o
r
g
an
ize,
f
in
d
an
d
m
an
a
g
e
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
of
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
,
an
d
it
also
h
elp
s
to
g
en
er
ate
th
e
r
ep
o
r
ts
of
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t’
s
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
[
2
0
]
.
Sa
p
ar
k
h
o
jay
ev
et
a
l.
[
2
1
]
also
ad
d
r
ess
ed
th
e
p
r
o
b
lem
s
ass
o
ciate
d
with
th
e
m
an
u
al
m
eth
o
d
of
tak
in
g
atten
d
an
ce
by
p
r
o
p
o
s
in
g
an
a
n
d
r
o
id
-
b
a
s
ed
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
.
T
h
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
allo
ws
u
s
er
s
to
s
to
r
e
an
d
ed
it
lectu
r
e
s
ch
ed
u
le,
o
b
tain
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ab
o
u
t
s
tu
d
en
ts
,
wh
ic
h
in
clu
d
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
’
atten
d
an
ce
an
d
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
Msh
elia
et
a
l.
[
2
2
]
p
r
esen
ted
a
n
ew
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
atten
d
a
n
ce
m
an
ag
em
en
t
s
y
s
tem
by
p
r
o
p
o
s
in
g
a
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
lic
atio
n
an
d
au
t
o
m
ated
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
s
tu
d
en
t
atten
d
an
ce
th
r
o
u
g
h
b
o
th
r
ad
io
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
i
d
en
tifie
r
(
R
FID
)
an
d
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t
b
io
m
etr
ic
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
.
T
h
is
s
y
s
tem
m
ad
e
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
s
f
o
r
each
s
tu
d
en
t’
s
R
FID
ca
r
d
as
well
as
th
eir
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t
as
th
e
v
alid
m
ea
n
s
of
v
er
if
icatio
n
an
d
au
th
en
ticatio
n
.
Sh
ailen
d
r
a
et
a
l.
[
2
3
]
d
e
v
elo
p
e
d
a
clo
u
d
-
b
ase
d
atten
d
an
ce
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t
s
y
s
tem
,
d
ep
lo
r
a
b
le
by
ac
ad
em
ic
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
,
f
o
r
tak
i
n
g
th
e
r
ec
o
r
d
of
atten
d
a
n
ce
of
f
ac
u
lty
m
em
b
e
r
s
.
T
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
allo
ws
teac
h
er
s
to
m
ar
k
an
d
ed
it
s
tu
d
en
t’
s
atten
d
an
ce
an
d
also
to
ad
d
m
a
r
k
s
in
th
e
s
y
s
tem
d
atab
ase
f
o
r
f
u
tu
r
e
r
etr
iev
al.
C
r
y
p
to
g
r
ap
h
y
is
also
s
o
m
eti
m
es
em
p
lo
y
ed
in
atten
d
an
ce
tak
in
g
,
an
d
i
t
h
as
th
e
ad
v
an
t
ag
e
o
f
b
ein
g
a
u
s
er
-
f
r
ien
d
ly
d
esig
n
,
d
o
es
d
ata
en
cr
y
p
tio
n
,
a
n
d
r
e
q
u
ir
es
s
m
all
s
ize
but
lim
ited
b
atter
y
life
[
24
].
Ud
d
in
et
al
.
[
25
]
d
e
v
elo
p
e
d
an
au
to
m
ated
tim
e
an
d
atten
d
an
c
e
lo
g
g
in
g
s
y
s
tem
th
at
u
s
ed
lo
c
atio
n
d
ata
as
a
p
r
o
o
f
of
atten
d
a
n
ce
.
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
s
h
o
wed
th
at
t
h
e
co
o
r
d
in
ates
of
th
e
lo
ca
tio
n
of
an
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
an
d
an
em
p
lo
y
ee
can
be
d
eter
m
in
ed
by
th
e
h
elp
of
GPS
d
ev
ice;
an
d
if
b
o
th
co
o
r
d
in
ates
ar
e
s
am
e
in
d
icate
d
an
em
p
lo
y
ee
was
p
r
esen
t
in
th
e
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
.
Srin
id
h
i
an
d
R
o
y
[
26
]
d
ev
elo
p
ed
a
s
ec
u
r
e
d
,
we
b
-
b
ased
atten
d
an
ce
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y
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th
at
u
s
ed
b
io
m
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an
d
r
f
id
tech
n
o
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.
T
h
eir
d
esig
n
h
ad
th
e
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
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o
tify
in
g
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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esian
J
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Sci,
Vo
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24
,
No
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1
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Octo
b
er
2
0
2
1
:
570
-
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572
b
o
th
p
a
r
en
ts
as
well
as
th
e
s
t
u
d
en
t
v
ia
e
-
m
ail,
if
th
e
s
tu
d
e
n
t
is
lag
g
in
g
b
e
h
in
d
in
atten
d
an
ce
.
An
An
d
r
o
id
-
b
ased
s
tu
d
en
t
ac
tiv
ity
r
eg
is
ter
s
y
s
tem
was
p
r
esen
ted
in
[
27
].
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
m
ar
k
e
d
th
e
att
en
d
an
ce
an
d
s
to
r
ed
th
e
d
etails
of
t
h
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
so
th
at
p
r
o
f
ess
o
r
s
or
o
th
er
o
f
f
icia
ls
can
v
iew
it
an
d
ca
u
tio
n
th
e
m
(
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
)
if
th
ey
ar
e
n
o
t
r
eg
u
lar
in
class
es.
In
o
r
d
e
r
to
ad
d
r
ess
p
r
o
b
lem
s
ass
o
ciate
d
with
p
ap
er
-
b
ased
atten
d
an
ce
s
y
s
tem
;
th
is
p
ap
er
p
r
esen
ts
a
s
m
ar
t
m
o
b
ile
-
b
ased
atten
d
a
n
c
e
r
ec
o
r
d
in
g
s
y
s
tem
th
at
wir
eless
ly
co
n
n
ec
ts
to
a
r
em
o
te
b
ac
k
en
d
s
er
v
er
f
o
r
u
p
d
atin
g
atten
d
an
ce
in
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
ed
to
p
a
p
er
-
b
ased
atten
d
an
ce
s
y
s
tem
,
it
h
elp
s
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
ef
f
icien
cy
as
well
as
s
ec
u
r
ity
,
s
in
ce
all
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ca
p
tu
r
e
d
f
r
o
m
s
u
b
jects
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
at
th
e
f
r
o
n
ten
d
ar
e
au
to
m
atica
lly
f
o
r
war
d
ed
to
t
h
e
s
er
v
er
at
th
e
b
ac
k
e
n
d
,
w
h
ic
h
en
s
u
r
es
th
at
th
e
d
atab
a
s
e
is
u
p
d
ated
with
m
in
im
u
m
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
co
n
ce
r
n
ed
s
u
b
ject.
T
h
e
f
r
o
n
ten
d
of
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
is
an
an
d
r
o
id
-
b
ased
ap
p
licatio
n
,
wh
ich
is
u
s
ed
by
th
e
in
s
tr
u
cto
r
/ad
m
in
is
tr
ato
r
to
ac
ce
s
s
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
on
th
e
s
u
b
jects,
wh
o
,
in
th
is
ca
s
e,
ar
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
So
m
e
of
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
th
at
p
er
tain
s
to
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t
in
cl
u
d
e
s
tu
d
e
n
t’
s
n
am
e,
s
tu
d
en
t
’
s
I
D,
co
u
r
s
e
I
D,
ju
s
t
to
m
en
tio
n
a
f
ew.
In
ad
d
itio
n
to
t
h
e
ad
m
in
is
tr
ato
r
’
s
an
d
/o
r
i
n
s
tr
u
cto
r
’
s
f
r
o
n
ten
d
ac
ce
s
s
,
wh
ich
is
g
r
an
ted
a
p
r
iv
ileg
ed
ac
ce
s
s
lev
el,
th
e
s
u
b
jects
can
also
a
cc
ess
th
e
s
y
s
tem
at
th
e
f
r
o
n
te
n
d
b
u
t
with
m
u
c
h
lo
wer
p
r
iv
ileg
es.
T
h
e
s
u
b
jects
can
ac
ce
s
s
th
e
s
y
s
tem
d
u
r
in
g
d
ata
en
r
o
lm
en
t
an
d
s
u
b
s
eq
u
e
n
tly
,
d
u
r
in
g
r
o
u
tin
e
atten
d
an
ce
lo
g
g
in
g
.
T
h
e
b
ac
k
e
n
d
s
er
v
er
at
t
h
e
o
th
e
r
en
d
is
ac
ce
s
s
ib
le
o
n
ly
by
th
e
s
y
s
tem
ad
m
in
is
tr
ato
r
.
T
h
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
was
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
u
s
in
g
J
av
a
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
in
g
lan
g
u
ag
e
b
ec
au
s
e
it
is
a
g
en
er
al
-
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
in
g
lan
g
u
a
g
e
th
at
is
s
im
p
le
to
u
s
e
a
n
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
o
b
ject
-
o
r
ie
n
ted
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
in
g
.
A
n
u
m
b
e
r
of
s
tag
es
ar
e
in
v
o
lv
ed
in
th
is
r
esear
ch
wo
r
k
,
wh
ich
in
cl
u
d
es:
a.
C
o
n
ce
p
tu
aliza
tio
n
an
d
p
lan
n
i
n
g
:
T
h
is
is
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tag
e
in
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
wh
er
e
h
ar
d
war
e
an
d
f
u
n
ctio
n
ality
v
a
r
y
f
r
o
m
d
ev
ice
to
d
ev
ice;
an
ap
p
licatio
n
th
at
d
ep
en
d
s
on
ce
r
tain
f
ea
tu
r
es
m
ay
not
wo
r
k
p
r
o
p
er
l
y
on
s
o
m
e
d
ev
ices.
Fo
r
in
s
tan
ce
,
not
all
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
es
ar
e
eq
u
ip
p
e
d
with
ca
m
er
as;
so
if
a
v
id
eo
m
ess
ag
in
g
ap
p
licatio
n
is
to
be
cr
ea
ted
,
s
o
m
e
d
e
v
ices
will
be
ab
le
to
p
la
y
v
id
eo
s
but
will
be
in
ca
p
ab
le
of
ca
p
tu
r
in
g
n
ew
v
id
e
o
s
by
th
e
m
s
elv
es.
b.
Desig
n
:
It
is
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
ta
g
e
th
at
n
ee
d
s
to
be
co
n
s
id
er
ed
in
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t.
W
h
en
d
esig
n
in
g
t
h
e
m
o
b
ile
a
p
p
licatio
n
,
t
h
er
e
is
n
ee
d
to
p
ay
atten
tio
n
to
th
e
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
a
n
d
s
cr
ee
n
s
izes
of
th
e
tar
g
et
d
e
v
ices.
In
a
d
d
itio
n
,
wh
e
n
d
esig
n
in
g
th
e
a
p
p
l
icatio
n
’
s
u
s
er
in
ter
f
ac
e
(
UI
)
,
d
if
f
er
en
t
s
cr
ee
n
r
eso
lu
tio
n
s
m
u
s
t
be
co
n
s
id
er
e
d
an
d
d
if
f
er
en
t
s
o
f
twar
e
o
p
er
a
tin
g
s
y
s
tem
(
OS)
of
th
e
m
o
b
ile
d
ev
ices
m
u
s
t
be
put
in
to
c
o
n
s
id
er
atio
n
as
well.
c.
Dev
elo
p
m
en
t:
It
is
th
e
th
ir
d
s
tag
e
in
m
o
b
ile
a
p
p
licatio
n
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t.
W
h
en
u
s
in
g
a
c
o
d
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
,
t
h
e
p
r
esen
ce
of
t
h
is
f
u
n
ctio
n
ality
s
h
o
u
ld
alwa
y
s
be
test
ed
f
ir
s
t.
Fo
r
ex
am
p
le,
b
ef
o
r
e
u
s
in
g
a
d
ev
ice
f
u
n
ctio
n
,
s
u
ch
as
a
ca
m
er
a,
it
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
q
u
er
y
th
e
o
p
er
atin
g
s
y
s
tem
f
ir
s
t
f
o
r
t
h
e
p
r
esen
ce
of
t
h
is
f
u
n
ctio
n
.
T
h
e
n
,
wh
en
th
e
d
ev
ice(
s
)
is
in
itializ
ed
,
co
n
f
ir
m
in
g
th
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
of
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
o
p
er
atin
g
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
th
e
d
ev
ice
is
o
f
ten
co
n
s
id
er
ed
a
g
o
o
d
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
in
g
p
r
ac
tice,
b
ef
o
r
e
ap
p
ly
in
g
th
e
ass
o
ciate
d
s
ettin
g
s
.
d.
T
esti
n
g
:
T
h
is
is
th
e
last
s
tag
e
in
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t,
it
is
v
er
y
im
p
o
r
tan
t
to
te
s
t
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
v
er
y
ea
r
l
y
an
d
f
r
e
q
u
en
tly
on
r
ea
l
d
ev
ices.
E
v
en
th
e
m
o
b
ile
d
ev
ices
with
th
e
s
am
e
h
ar
d
wa
r
e
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
s
can
v
ar
y
co
n
s
id
er
a
b
ly
in
th
ei
r
b
eh
av
io
r
.
C
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
e
f
f
icien
cy
an
d
d
ata
s
ec
u
r
ity
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
au
to
m
ate
d
s
y
s
tem
p
r
o
m
is
es,
ad
o
p
tin
g
it
in
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
a
n
d
p
ar
astat
als
co
m
es
with
e
n
o
r
m
o
u
s
b
e
n
ef
its
.
Am
o
n
g
s
u
c
h
b
en
ef
it
is
th
at
its
in
v
asio
n
-
r
esis
tan
t
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
leav
es
th
e
s
u
b
jects
with
no
ch
o
ice
o
th
er
th
an
to
em
b
r
ac
e
a
g
o
o
d
att
en
d
an
ce
b
e
h
av
io
r
,
wh
ich
is
h
ea
lth
y
n
o
t
o
n
ly
f
o
r
th
e
in
s
titu
tio
n
co
n
ce
r
n
e
d
,
b
u
t
also
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
o
ciety
at
lar
g
e.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
was
d
ep
lo
y
e
d
at
Fed
er
al
Un
iv
e
r
s
it
y
of
Ag
r
icu
ltu
r
e,
A
b
eo
k
u
ta
an
d
it
wo
r
k
ed
ef
f
icien
tly
.
2.
M
AT
E
R
I
AL
S
AND
M
E
T
H
O
DS
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
atten
d
an
ce
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t
s
y
s
tem
was
im
p
lem
en
ted
u
s
in
g
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
in
g
lan
g
u
ag
es
s
u
ch
as
em
b
ed
d
e
d
C
++
,
h
y
p
er
te
x
t
p
r
e
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
(
PHP),
h
y
p
er
tex
t
m
ar
k
u
p
lan
g
u
ag
e
(
HT
ML
)
an
d
J
av
a.
Fig
u
r
e
1
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
b
lo
c
k
d
iag
r
am
of
th
e
d
esig
n
.
A
d
ata
b
ase
is
u
s
ed
to
s
to
r
e
all
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
er
tain
in
g
to
th
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
an
d
it
is
p
o
wer
ed
by
M
y
SQL
d
atab
ase
ap
p
licatio
n
.
Du
r
in
g
atten
d
an
ce
lo
g
g
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
of
th
e
in
d
iv
id
u
als
is
f
o
r
war
d
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
to
a
ce
n
tr
al
s
er
v
er
an
d
th
e
My
SQL
d
atab
ase
is
u
p
d
ated
.
Af
ter
th
e
web
ad
d
r
ess
of
th
e
s
er
v
er
h
a
s
b
ee
n
in
s
er
ted
on
th
e
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e,
t
h
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
lau
n
c
h
es
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
p
a
g
e
an
d
d
is
p
lay
s
th
e
lo
g
in
p
a
g
e
wh
er
e
eith
e
r
ad
m
i
n
/in
s
tr
u
cto
r
or
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t
can
in
p
u
t
th
ei
r
lo
g
in
d
etails.
If
th
e
lo
g
in
d
etails
ar
e
v
alid
,
th
e
p
ag
e
p
r
o
ce
e
d
s
to
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
s
tatu
s
wh
er
e
th
e
in
s
tr
u
cto
r
can
r
ev
i
ew
an
d
e
d
it
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
;
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t
ca
n
also
r
ev
iew
h
is
or
h
er
atten
d
an
ce
h
is
to
r
y
but
ca
n
n
o
t
ed
it
it.
2
.
1
.
Ana
ly
s
is
of
s
o
f
t
wa
re
s
t
r
uct
ure
In
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
cy
cle
of
th
e
s
y
s
tem
,
d
ec
is
io
n
s
wer
e
m
ad
e
on
th
e
p
ar
ts
of
th
e
s
y
s
tem
to
be
r
ea
lized
in
h
ar
d
war
e,
th
e
p
a
r
ts
to
be
im
p
lem
en
ted
in
th
e
d
esk
to
p
s
o
f
twar
e,
an
d
f
in
a
lly
th
e
p
ar
t
to
be
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
Dev
elo
p
men
t o
f m
o
b
ile
a
n
d
d
e
s
kto
p
a
p
p
lica
tio
n
s
fo
r
a
fin
g
er
p
r
in
t
-
b
a
s
ed
…
Olu
b
u
n
mi
A
d
ewa
le
A
kin
o
la
573
im
p
lem
en
ted
in
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
.
T
h
e
s
o
f
twar
e
was
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
ed
in
t
o
m
o
d
u
les
so
th
at
each
m
o
d
u
le
ca
n
be
in
d
iv
id
u
ally
test
ed
as
a
u
n
it
an
d
d
eb
u
g
g
e
d
b
e
f
o
r
e
th
e
m
o
d
u
les
ar
e
in
teg
r
ated
an
d
test
ed
as
a
s
o
f
twar
e
-
h
ar
d
war
e
s
y
s
tem
in
o
r
d
er
to
e
n
s
u
r
e
th
at
th
e
s
y
s
tem
d
esig
n
m
ee
ts
its
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
.
As
can
be
s
ee
n
in
th
e
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
of
Fig
u
r
e
1,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
is
co
m
p
o
s
ed
of
3
m
ain
b
lo
ck
s
,
wh
ich
in
clu
d
e
th
e
h
a
r
d
war
e,
th
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
a
n
d
th
e
d
esk
to
p
s
o
f
twar
e
an
d
d
ata
b
ase.
Pro
g
r
a
m
s
wer
e
d
ev
el
o
p
ed
f
o
r
each
of
th
ese
b
lo
ck
s
an
d
th
ese
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
wer
e
wr
itten
in
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
in
g
lan
g
u
ag
es
as
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
1
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
B
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
o
f
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t
s
y
s
t
em
T
ab
le
1
.
Pro
g
r
am
m
in
g
lan
g
u
a
g
es u
s
ed
S
y
st
e
m
b
l
o
c
k
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
mi
n
g
La
n
g
u
a
g
e
H
a
r
d
w
a
r
e
Emb
e
d
d
e
d
C
+
+
M
o
b
i
l
e
A
p
p
Jav
a
a
n
d
X
M
L
D
e
sk
t
o
p
S
o
f
t
w
a
r
e
(
S
e
r
v
e
r
)
P
H
P
,
S
Q
L,
a
n
d
H
T
M
L
2
.
1
.
1
.
H
a
rdwa
re
blo
c
k
T
h
e
h
ar
d
war
e
co
n
tain
s
an
ar
d
u
in
o
m
icr
o
n
tr
o
ller
,
wh
o
s
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
is
to
co
o
r
d
in
ate
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
of
all
th
e
p
er
ip
h
er
al
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
at
tach
ed
to
it
an
d
in
clu
d
in
g
th
e
f
in
g
e
r
p
r
in
t
s
ca
n
n
er
.
In
o
r
d
er
to
ac
h
iev
e
th
is
co
o
r
d
in
atio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
,
s
p
ec
if
ic
in
s
tr
u
ctio
n
s
ar
e
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
in
to
a
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
co
d
e
u
s
i
n
g
em
b
ed
d
e
d
C
++
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
in
g
lan
g
u
a
g
e.
T
h
e
p
r
o
g
r
am
co
d
e
is
co
m
p
iled
on
a
co
m
p
u
ter
an
d
d
o
wn
lo
ad
ed
to
t
h
e
m
icr
o
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
u
n
it
with
th
e
aid
of
a
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
er
.
2
.
1
.
2
.
M
o
bil
e
a
pp
lica
t
io
n
blo
ck
T
h
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
d
ev
el
o
p
ed
r
esid
es
on
a
m
o
b
ile
d
ev
i
ce
.
In
o
u
r
ca
s
e,
th
e
o
p
er
atin
g
s
y
s
tem
on
th
e
m
o
b
ile
d
ev
ice
is
th
e
an
d
r
o
id
o
p
er
atin
g
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
was
d
ev
elo
p
ed
u
s
in
g
J
av
a
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
in
g
lan
g
u
ag
e
wh
ile
th
e
u
s
er
-
in
ter
f
ac
e
was
im
p
lem
en
ted
u
s
in
g
ex
ten
s
ib
le
m
ar
k
u
p
la
n
g
u
a
g
e
(
XM
L
)
.
T
h
e
m
o
b
ile
d
ev
ice
is
as
s
ig
n
ed
an
in
ter
n
et
p
r
o
to
k
o
l
(
IP
)
ad
d
r
ess
with
wh
ich
it
co
m
m
u
n
icate
s
with
th
e
d
esk
to
p
s
o
f
twar
e.
In
ad
d
itio
n
to
th
e
IP
a
d
d
r
ess
,
th
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
h
as
b
ee
n
d
esig
n
ed
to
cr
ea
te
a
s
o
ck
et
wh
ich
is
ass
ig
n
ed
a
p
o
r
t
n
u
m
b
e
r
of
8
8
8
8
.
Data
lea
v
in
g
t
h
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
,
w
h
ich
is
b
o
u
n
d
f
o
r
t
h
e
d
esk
t
o
p
ap
p
licatio
n
,
is
s
en
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
is
s
o
ck
et.
In
th
e
s
a
m
e
v
ein
,
d
ata
ar
r
iv
in
g
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
er
v
er
IP
ad
d
r
ess
of
th
e
s
er
v
er
ar
e
r
ec
eiv
e
d
by
th
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
s
o
ck
et
th
at
h
as
th
e
af
o
r
e
m
en
tio
n
ed
p
o
r
t
n
u
m
b
e
r
.
2
.
1
.
3
.
D
esk
t
o
p
s
o
f
t
w
a
re
(
s
er
v
er
)
blo
ck
T
h
e
s
o
f
twar
e
th
at
r
esid
es
on
th
e
d
esk
to
p
co
m
p
u
ter
wh
ic
h
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
of
a
s
er
v
er
was
wr
itten
in
PHP
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
i
n
g
lan
g
u
ag
e.
In
o
r
d
er
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
ac
ce
s
s
to
th
e
My
SQL
d
atab
ase
wh
er
e
t
h
e
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t
an
d
p
e
r
s
o
n
al
d
etail
s
of
s
u
b
jects
ar
e
s
to
r
ed
.
SQL
q
u
er
ies
ar
e
in
clu
d
e
d
in
PHP
i
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
s
in
f
o
r
m
of
s
tr
in
g
s
an
d
a
r
e
ac
ted
upon
by
th
e
My
SQL
s
er
v
er
.
T
h
e
u
s
er
in
ter
f
ac
e
of
th
e
s
er
v
e
r
was
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
in
HT
ML
an
d
ca
s
ca
d
ed
s
ty
les
s
h
ee
t
(
C
SS
).
T
h
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
b
etwe
en
th
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
an
d
th
e
d
esk
to
p
s
o
f
twar
e
f
o
llo
ws
a
clien
t
-
s
er
v
er
p
atter
n
.
In
th
is
ca
s
e,
th
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
is
th
e
clien
t
a
p
p
licatio
n
wh
ile
t
h
e
d
esk
to
p
s
o
f
twar
e
is
th
e
s
er
v
e
r
ap
p
licatio
n
.
In
o
r
d
er
to
f
ac
i
litate
th
is
clien
t
-
s
er
v
er
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
th
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
an
d
d
esk
to
p
s
o
f
twar
e,
th
e
a
p
ac
h
e
an
d
SQL
s
er
v
er
s
ar
e
em
p
l
o
y
ed
.
-
Ap
ac
h
e
s
er
v
er
An
Ap
ac
h
e
s
er
v
er
is
a
web
s
er
v
er
ap
p
licatio
n
wh
o
s
e
f
u
n
ct
io
n
is
to
d
eliv
er
co
n
ten
ts
s
u
ch
as
web
p
ag
es a
n
d
m
u
ltime
d
ia.
to
a
cli
en
t
ap
p
licatio
n
.
In
o
r
d
er
to
ac
c
ess
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
ality
of
t
h
e
ap
a
ch
e
s
er
v
er
,
W
ils
o
n
am
p
litu
d
e
(
W
AM
P
)
s
o
f
twar
e
was
in
s
talled
wh
ich
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
cc
ess
to
th
e
d
esire
d
ap
ac
h
e
s
er
v
ices.
-
My
SQL
s
er
v
er
It
is
a
r
elatio
n
al
d
atab
ase
m
an
ag
em
en
t
s
y
s
tem
(
R
DB
MS)
.
It
o
r
g
an
is
es
d
ata
in
to
one
or
m
o
r
e
tab
les
th
at
ar
e
r
elate
d
to
each
o
th
er
.
SQL
is
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
in
g
lan
g
u
ag
e
u
s
ed
to
cr
ea
te
as
well
as
ex
tr
ac
t
d
ata
f
r
o
m
th
e
d
atab
ase.
Ag
ain
,
th
e
in
s
talled
W
AM
P
is
r
elev
an
t
in
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
My
SQL
d
atab
ase
s
er
v
ic
es.
T
h
e
atten
d
an
ce
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
24
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
2
0
2
1
:
570
-
58
0
574
m
an
ag
em
en
t
s
y
s
tem
d
atab
ase
co
n
s
is
ts
of
tab
les
th
at
s
to
r
es
r
ec
o
r
d
s
,
each
of
wh
ich
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
an
au
th
o
r
ized
p
er
s
o
n
th
at
h
as
ac
c
ess
to
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
E
ac
h
r
ec
o
r
d
co
n
tain
s
th
e
m
in
u
tiae
tem
p
l
ates
of
th
e
p
er
s
o
n
’
s
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t,
u
s
er
n
a
m
e,
p
ass
wo
r
d
,
ju
s
t
to
m
e
n
tio
n
a
f
ew.
2
.
2
.
Sy
s
t
e
m
a
rc
hite
ct
ure
A
d
etailed
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
on
th
e
h
ar
d
war
e
b
lo
c
k
of
Fig
u
r
e
1
is
b
ey
o
n
d
t
h
e
s
co
p
e
of
t
h
is
p
ap
er
;
h
en
ce
in
wh
at
f
o
llo
ws,
we
d
is
cu
s
s
th
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
b
lo
ck
as
well
as
th
e
d
esk
to
p
s
o
f
twar
e
(
t
h
e
s
er
v
er
)
b
l
o
ck
.
2
.
2
.
1
.
T
he
m
o
bil
e
a
pp
lica
t
io
n
T
h
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
was
d
esig
n
ed
to
h
el
p
th
e
lectu
r
er
s
t
ak
e
atten
d
an
ce
ea
s
ily
,
s
ec
u
r
el
y
an
d
in
an
er
r
o
r
-
f
r
ee
m
a
n
n
er
.
Af
ter
tak
i
n
g
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
on
th
e
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e,
t
h
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
l
icatio
n
f
o
r
war
d
s
it
au
to
m
atica
lly
to
th
e
d
esk
to
p
ap
p
licatio
n
wh
ich
in
v
o
k
es
th
e
d
atab
ase
s
er
v
er
to
u
p
d
ate
th
e
d
atab
ase
with
th
e
lo
g
g
ed
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
I
n
s
tr
u
cto
r
s
ac
ce
s
s
an
d
ed
it
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
by
lo
g
g
in
g
in
t
o
th
esy
s
tem
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
ei
r
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
ac
co
u
n
ts
.
T
h
e
atten
d
an
ce
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
s
y
s
tem
ca
n
be
u
s
ed
by
th
r
ee
ca
teg
o
r
ies
of
p
eo
p
le
n
am
ely
:
a.
T
h
e
ad
m
in
b.
T
h
e
in
s
tr
u
cto
r
c.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
en
t
T
h
e
ad
m
in
ac
ce
s
s
es
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
in
th
e
a
d
m
in
m
o
d
e
,
th
e
in
s
tr
u
cto
r
s
ac
ce
s
s
it
in
th
e
in
s
tr
u
cto
r
m
o
d
e,
wh
ile
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
ac
ce
s
s
it
in
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t
m
o
d
e.
T
h
e
ad
m
in
is
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
le
f
o
r
th
e
cr
ea
t
io
n
of
ac
co
u
n
ts
f
o
r
n
ew
u
s
er
s
.
All
u
s
er
s
g
ain
in
g
ac
ce
s
s
to
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
p
latf
o
r
m
m
u
s
t
f
ir
s
t
of
all
g
et
au
th
en
ti
ca
ted
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
ei
r
u
s
er
n
am
e
an
d
p
ass
wo
r
d
.
An
alg
o
r
ith
m
was
d
ev
elo
p
ed
f
o
r
au
th
en
ticatin
g
u
s
er
s
’
ac
ce
s
s
to
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
eir
u
s
er
n
am
e
a
n
d
p
ass
wo
r
d
th
at
m
u
s
t
h
av
e
b
ee
n
p
r
e
-
r
eg
is
ter
ed
on
th
e
s
y
s
tem
by
th
e
a
d
m
in
u
s
er
.
T
h
e
au
th
en
ticatio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
2.
T
h
e
u
s
er
ac
ce
s
s
es
th
e
web
p
ag
e
of
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
m
an
ag
em
en
t
s
y
s
tem
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
an
d
s
u
p
p
lies
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
lo
g
in
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
As
can
be
o
b
s
er
v
ed
in
Fig
u
r
e
2,
th
e
r
ec
o
r
d
of
th
e
u
s
er
is
s
ea
r
ch
ed
in
th
e
d
atab
ase;
ass
u
m
in
g
eith
er
th
e
u
s
er
n
am
e
or
p
ass
wo
r
d
is
in
co
r
r
ec
tly
s
u
p
p
lie
d
to
th
e
s
o
f
twar
e
wh
ile
tr
y
in
g
to
g
ain
ac
ce
s
s
to
it,
t
h
e
r
ec
o
r
d
of
th
e
u
s
er
will
not
be
f
o
u
n
d
in
th
e
r
ec
o
r
d
an
d
th
is
r
esu
lts
in
a
f
ailed
lo
g
in
at
tem
p
t
s
u
ch
th
at
ac
ce
s
s
to
th
e
s
y
s
tem
is
d
en
ied
.
Fig
u
r
e
2.
I
ll
u
s
tr
atio
n
of
a
f
aile
d
lo
g
in
attem
p
t
by
a
d
m
in
is
tr
ato
r
/in
s
tr
u
cto
r
a
n
d
s
tu
d
en
t
2
.
2
.
2
.
Acc
ess
pro
ce
du
re
f
o
r
an
a
dm
ini
s
t
ra
t
o
r
a
nd
ins
t
ruct
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r
F
i
g
u
r
e
3
i
ll
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s
t
r
a
t
es
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en
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r
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e
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p
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a
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m
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r
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t
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r
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s
t
r
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c
t
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l
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n
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o
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y
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te
m
.
A
g
a
i
n
in
t
h
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s
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a
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t
h
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l
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g
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n
f
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t
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s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
4
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
Dev
elo
p
men
t o
f m
o
b
ile
a
n
d
d
e
s
kto
p
a
p
p
lica
tio
n
s
fo
r
a
fin
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p
r
in
t
-
b
a
s
ed
…
Olu
b
u
n
mi
A
d
ewa
le
A
kin
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la
575
Fig
u
r
e
3.
I
ll
u
s
tr
atio
n
o
f
a
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
l lo
g
in
attem
p
t b
y
ad
m
in
is
tr
ato
r
/in
s
tr
u
cto
r
Fig
u
r
e
4.
I
ll
u
s
tr
atio
n
o
f
a
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
l lo
g
in
attem
p
t b
y
s
tu
d
en
t
2
.
2
.
3.
Acc
ess
pro
ce
du
re
f
o
r
s
t
ud
ent
us
er
Fig
u
r
e
4
illu
s
tr
ates
a
s
ce
n
ar
i
o
wh
er
e
an
attem
p
t
is
m
ad
e
by
a
s
tu
d
en
t
to
lo
g
in
in
to
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
en
t
s
u
p
p
lies
th
e
r
eq
u
i
r
ed
lo
g
in
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
wh
ich
a
r
e,
th
e
u
s
er
n
am
e
a
n
d
p
ass
wo
r
d
.
T
h
is
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
is
s
ea
r
ch
ed
in
th
e
d
atab
ase.
If
th
e
u
s
er
n
am
e
s
u
p
p
lied
by
t
h
e
u
s
er
m
atch
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th
e
u
s
er
n
am
e
of
a
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ec
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r
d
in
th
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atab
ase,
an
d
also
if
th
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p
ass
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d
s
u
p
p
lied
m
atc
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th
e
p
a
s
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to
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ed
a
g
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s
t
th
at
r
ec
o
r
d
in
th
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atab
ase,
th
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
d
is
p
lay
s
th
e
s
tatu
s
of
th
e
u
s
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as
a
s
tu
d
en
t
an
d
o
n
l
y
a
f
ew
f
u
n
ctio
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s
in
th
e
atten
d
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ce
m
an
ag
em
en
t
s
y
s
tem
ar
e
m
ad
e
av
ailab
le
to
th
e
u
s
er
.
T
h
e
u
s
er
is
ca
teg
o
r
is
ed
as
a
lim
ited
u
s
er
.
2
.
2
.
4
.
Users’
ro
les
As
was
s
ee
n
in
t
h
e
p
r
ec
ed
in
g
s
ec
tio
n
,
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t
s
y
s
tem
co
n
s
is
ts
of
th
r
ee
lo
g
in
m
o
d
es,
n
am
ely
ad
m
in
,
in
s
tr
u
c
to
r
an
d
s
tu
d
e
n
t
lo
g
in
m
o
d
es.
T
h
e
ad
m
in
a
n
d
in
s
tr
u
ct
o
r
lo
g
i
n
mode
e
n
ab
les
th
e
ad
m
in
an
d
in
s
tr
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cto
r
u
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s
u
ch
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ac
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lty
m
em
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s
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d
p
r
in
cip
al
o
f
f
ice
r
s
of
an
ed
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ca
t
io
n
al
in
s
titu
tio
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to
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s
,
ed
it,
u
p
d
ate,
an
d
v
iew
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t
atten
d
an
ce
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ec
o
r
d
s
.
T
h
e
ad
m
in
is
th
e
o
n
ly
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s
er
th
at
can
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d
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n
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s
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s
r
ec
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d
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d
also
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elete
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ex
is
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g
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s
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s
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ec
o
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d
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
en
t
lo
g
in
m
o
d
e,
on
th
e
o
th
e
r
h
an
d
,
en
a
b
les
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t
u
s
er
s
to
v
iew
th
e
lo
g
h
is
to
r
y
of
class
atten
d
an
ce
av
ailab
le
in
th
e
d
atab
ase.
Stu
d
e
n
ts
can
not
ed
it
th
e
co
n
ten
t
of
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
s
y
s
t
em
but
ca
n
o
n
ly
v
iew
it.
T
h
is
is
an
im
p
o
r
ta
n
t
f
ea
tu
r
e
th
at
d
i
s
tin
g
u
is
h
es
s
tu
d
en
t
u
s
er
s
f
r
o
m
in
s
tr
u
cto
r
u
s
er
s
of
th
e
p
latf
o
r
m
.
T
h
e
r
estricte
d
f
u
n
ctio
n
th
at
is
ac
co
r
d
e
d
to
s
tu
d
en
t
m
o
d
e
is
in
ten
d
ed
at
r
ed
u
ci
n
g
th
e
ch
an
ce
s
of
f
alsi
f
icatio
n
of
atten
d
an
ce
r
ec
o
r
d
by
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
B
o
th
th
e
in
s
tr
u
cto
r
s
an
d
s
tu
d
en
ts
can
v
iew
a
s
u
m
m
ar
y
of
th
e
lo
g
g
ed
atten
d
an
ce
d
ata;
f
o
r
in
s
tan
ce
,
f
o
r
a
d
u
r
atio
n
of
s
ay
,
one
m
o
n
th
.
2.
2
.
5
.
S
o
f
t
w
a
r
e
r
e
a
l
i
s
a
t
i
o
n
of
u
s
e
r
s
’
r
o
l
e
s
In
o
r
d
e
r
to
a
c
c
o
m
p
l
i
s
h
t
h
e
s
p
e
c
i
f
i
c
r
o
l
e
s
of
each
c
l
a
s
s
of
u
s
e
r
d
e
s
c
r
i
b
e
d
in
t
h
e
p
r
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c
e
d
i
n
g
s
e
c
t
i
o
n
,
t
h
e
d
e
s
k
t
o
p
s
o
f
t
w
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l
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t
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b
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d
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s
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b
l
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p
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c
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f
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c
f
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n
c
t
i
o
n
s
in
t
h
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s
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n
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e
r
f
a
c
e
of
t
h
e
l
o
g
g
e
d
in
u
s
e
r
.
F
i
g
u
r
e
5
is
a
f
l
o
w
c
h
a
r
t
i
l
l
u
s
t
r
a
t
i
n
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h
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c
t
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v
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v
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c
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v
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i
o
n
of
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
s
in
t
h
e
m
o
b
i
l
e
a
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
of
a
d
m
i
n
,
i
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
o
r
,
a
n
d
s
t
u
d
e
n
t
u
s
e
r
s
.
It
can
be
o
b
s
e
r
v
e
d
in
t
h
e
f
l
o
w
c
h
a
r
t
t
h
a
t
no
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
is
d
i
s
a
b
l
e
d
in
t
h
e
m
o
b
i
l
e
a
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
of
t
h
e
a
d
m
i
n
u
s
e
r
,
w
h
e
r
e
a
s
s
o
m
e
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
s
a
r
e
d
e
a
c
t
i
v
a
t
e
d
in
t
h
a
t
of
t
h
e
i
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
o
r
a
n
d
s
t
u
d
e
n
t
u
s
e
r
s
;
f
o
r
e
x
a
m
p
l
e
,
t
h
e
i
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
o
r
i
n
t
e
r
f
a
c
e
d
o
e
s
not
h
a
v
e
t
h
e
c
a
p
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
of
e
n
r
o
l
l
i
n
g
n
e
w
u
s
e
r
s
.
In
t
h
e
c
a
s
e
of
t
h
e
s
t
u
d
e
n
t
s
,
o
n
l
y
p
e
r
s
o
n
a
l
f
e
a
t
u
r
e
s
a
r
e
e
n
a
b
l
e
d
.
H
e
n
c
e
,
a
s
t
u
d
e
n
t
can
n
o
t
g
a
i
n
a
c
c
e
s
s
to
a
t
t
e
n
d
a
n
c
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
t
h
a
t
p
e
r
t
a
i
n
s
to
o
t
h
e
r
s
t
u
d
e
n
t
s
or
e
v
e
n
o
t
h
e
r
c
a
t
e
g
o
r
i
e
s
of
u
s
e
r
s
s
u
c
h
as
t
h
e
a
d
m
i
n
a
n
d
i
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
o
r
u
s
e
r
s
.
It
s
h
o
u
l
d
be
n
o
t
e
d
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
s
c
o
n
t
a
i
n
e
d
in
t
h
e
m
o
b
i
l
e
a
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
e
x
t
e
n
d
s
b
e
y
o
n
d
t
h
e
o
n
e
s
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
i
g
u
r
e
5
b
u
t
a
r
e
not
s
h
o
w
n
in
t
h
e
f
i
g
u
r
e
f
o
r
b
r
e
v
i
t
y
.
H
e
n
c
e
,
o
n
l
y
t
h
e
i
m
p
o
r
t
a
n
t
o
n
e
s
a
r
e
i
l
l
u
s
t
r
a
t
e
d
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
24
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
2
0
2
1
:
570
-
58
0
576
Fig
u
r
e
5.
Flo
wch
ar
t
illu
s
tr
atin
g
s
elec
tiv
e
ac
tiv
atio
n
an
d
d
ea
c
tiv
atio
n
of
s
o
m
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
in
t
h
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
of
th
e
ad
m
in
,
in
s
tr
u
cto
r
,
an
d
s
tu
d
en
t
u
s
er
s
3.
M
AK
I
NG
T
H
E
A
T
T
E
NDA
NCE
M
ANAG
E
M
E
NT
SYS
T
E
M
F
O
O
L
P
RO
O
F
T
h
e
f
o
cu
s
of
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
of
th
e
p
r
ec
e
d
in
g
s
ec
tio
n
s
was
m
ai
n
ly
on
th
e
r
o
les
th
at
c
o
u
ld
be
p
er
f
o
r
m
e
d
by
th
e
u
s
er
s
of
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
m
an
ag
em
en
t
s
y
s
tem
an
d
how
th
e
u
n
d
er
ly
i
n
g
s
o
f
twar
e
is
ab
le
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
em
.
So
f
ar
,
in
th
e
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
,
u
s
er
n
am
e
an
d
p
ass
wo
r
d
h
av
e
b
ee
n
th
e
elem
en
ts
u
s
ed
f
o
r
au
th
e
n
ticatio
n
.
Ho
wev
er
,
u
s
er
n
am
e
an
d
p
ass
wo
r
d
can
be
lear
n
ed
or
s
to
len
wh
ich
co
u
l
d
jeo
p
ar
d
is
e
th
e
s
u
cc
ess
of
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
s
y
s
tem
.
Fo
r
th
is
r
ea
s
o
n
,
an
ad
d
itio
n
al
lay
er
of
s
ec
u
r
ity
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
.
Hen
ce
,
in
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
,
we
will
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
how
th
e
ad
d
ed
lay
e
r
is
ac
co
m
p
lis
h
ed
b
io
m
etr
ically
.
3
.
1
.
B
io
m
et
ric
da
t
a
enro
lment
A
b
io
m
etr
ic
d
ata
en
r
o
lm
en
t
m
o
d
u
le
is
in
co
r
p
o
r
ate
d
in
th
e
s
y
s
tem
,
wh
o
s
e
task
is
to
en
r
o
l
u
s
er
s
an
d
th
eir
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
ts
in
to
th
e
s
y
s
tem
d
atab
ase.
Du
r
in
g
en
r
o
lm
e
n
t,
th
e
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t
an
d
o
th
er
b
io
-
d
ata
of
th
e
u
s
er
ar
e
ca
p
tu
r
ed
an
d
th
e
u
n
i
q
u
e
f
ea
tu
r
es
ar
e
ex
tr
ac
ted
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
f
in
g
e
r
p
r
in
t
im
ag
e
an
d
s
to
r
e
d
in
a
d
ata
b
ase
as
a
tem
p
late
f
o
r
th
e
s
u
b
ject.
T
h
e
in
s
tr
u
cto
r
’
s
b
io
-
d
ata
to
be
s
to
r
ed
in
th
e
d
atab
ase
in
clu
d
e:
em
p
lo
y
ee
n
u
m
b
er
,
s
u
r
n
am
e,
o
th
er
n
am
es,
g
e
n
d
er
,
p
o
s
itio
n
,
p
h
o
n
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
,
em
ail,
d
ep
ar
tm
e
n
t
,
an
d
p
ass
p
o
r
t
p
h
o
to
g
r
ap
h
.
Fo
r
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
,
th
e
r
elev
an
t
b
io
-
d
at
a
in
clu
d
e:
m
atr
ic
u
latio
n
n
u
m
b
er
,
s
u
r
n
am
e,
o
t
h
er
-
n
a
m
es,
g
en
d
er
,
d
ep
ar
tm
e
n
t,
phone
n
u
m
b
e
r
an
d
p
ass
p
o
r
t
p
h
o
to
g
r
ap
h
.
In
o
r
d
er
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
of
s
to
r
i
n
g
a
g
o
o
d
q
u
ality
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t
im
ag
e
in
th
e
d
atab
ase
d
u
r
in
g
en
r
o
lm
en
t
s
tag
e,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
is
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
e
d
to
m
an
d
ate
th
e
ca
p
tu
r
i
n
g
of
two
im
ag
e
s
am
p
les
p
er
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t.
W
h
en
th
e
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t
im
ag
es
an
d
th
e
u
s
er
n
am
e
of
a
p
er
s
o
n
to
be
en
r
o
lled
ar
e
f
ed
to
th
e
en
r
o
lm
en
t
m
o
d
u
le,
a
m
in
u
tiae
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
ap
p
lied
to
th
e
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t
im
ag
es
an
d
th
e
m
in
u
tiae
p
atter
n
s
(
f
ea
tu
r
es)
ar
e
ex
tr
ac
ted
.
T
h
ese
f
ea
tu
r
es
f
o
r
m
a
tem
p
late
th
at
is
u
s
ed
in
th
e
f
u
tu
r
e
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
id
e
n
tity
of
th
e
u
s
er
,
h
en
ce
,
m
ak
in
g
th
e
s
y
s
tem
less
p
r
o
n
e
to
ac
ce
s
s
by
u
n
au
th
o
r
is
ed
p
er
s
o
n
s
.
T
h
e
en
r
o
lm
en
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
can
be
ca
r
r
ied
out
by
o
n
ly
th
e
a
d
m
in
u
s
er
.
3
.
2
.
Ver
if
ic
a
t
io
n
a
nd
a
uthe
ntic
a
t
io
n
pro
ce
s
s
An
au
th
e
n
ticatio
n
m
o
d
u
le
is
u
s
ed
to
v
alid
ate
th
e
id
en
tity
of
p
a
r
ticip
an
ts
th
at
attem
p
t
to
lo
g
th
eir
atten
d
an
ce
r
ec
o
r
d
on
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
e
p
e
r
s
o
n
to
be
a
u
th
en
tic
ated
h
as
to
lo
g
in
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
m
o
b
ile
a
p
p
licatio
n
p
latf
o
r
m
with
a
v
alid
u
s
er
n
am
e
an
d
p
ass
wo
r
d
.
T
h
is
is
th
e
f
ir
s
t
lay
er
of
s
ec
u
r
ity
p
r
o
v
id
ed
by
th
e
s
y
s
tem
wh
ich
is
tar
g
eted
at
p
r
ev
en
tin
g
im
p
er
s
o
n
atio
n
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
lay
er
of
s
ec
u
r
ity
is
ac
co
m
p
lis
h
ed
by
th
e
b
io
m
etr
ic
v
er
if
icatio
n
a
n
d
a
u
th
en
ticatio
n
m
o
d
u
le.
T
h
e
s
o
le
aim
of
th
is
m
o
d
u
le
is
to
e
n
s
u
re
t
h
at
th
e
lo
g
g
in
g
of
atten
d
an
ce
d
ata
in
to
th
e
s
y
s
tem
is
not
d
o
n
e
by
p
r
o
x
y
.
T
h
e
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t
b
io
m
etr
ic
of
th
e
i
n
ten
d
in
g
u
s
er
of
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
p
latf
o
r
m
is
m
atch
e
d
with
th
e
f
in
g
e
r
p
r
in
t
d
ata
t
h
a
t
was
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ly
en
r
o
lle
d
.
If
an
attem
p
t
is
m
ad
e
to
u
p
d
ate
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
r
ec
o
r
d
by
p
r
o
x
y
,
it
is
im
m
ed
iately
d
etec
ted
an
d
f
lag
g
ed
by
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
If
h
o
wev
e
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
Dev
elo
p
men
t o
f m
o
b
ile
a
n
d
d
e
s
kto
p
a
p
p
lica
tio
n
s
fo
r
a
fin
g
er
p
r
in
t
-
b
a
s
ed
…
Olu
b
u
n
mi
A
d
ewa
le
A
kin
o
la
577
th
e
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t
of
t
h
e
u
s
er
m
atch
es
th
e
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t
tem
p
lat
e
in
th
e
d
atab
ase,
th
e
u
s
er
is
g
r
an
ted
ac
ce
s
s
to
u
p
d
ate
h
is
atten
d
a
n
ce
d
ata
on
th
e
p
latf
o
r
m
.
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S
AND
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
NS
T
h
e
atten
d
an
ce
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
s
y
s
tem
was
d
ep
lo
y
ed
at
t
h
e
Dep
ar
tm
en
t
of
E
lectr
ical
an
d
E
lectr
o
n
ics
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
,
Fed
e
r
al
Un
iv
e
r
s
ity
of
Ag
r
icu
ltu
r
e,
A
b
eo
k
u
ta.
It
was
u
s
ed
to
ca
p
tu
r
e
th
e
atte
n
d
an
ce
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
of
th
e
f
in
al
y
ea
r
s
tu
d
en
ts
of
th
e
d
ep
ar
tm
en
t.
In
wh
at
f
o
l
lo
ws,
we
d
escr
ib
e
s
o
m
e
of
t
h
e
u
s
er
in
ter
f
ac
es
av
ailab
le
in
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
e
d
s
y
s
tem
.
4
.
1
.
T
he
welc
o
m
e
s
cr
ee
n
a
n
d
enro
lm
ent
us
er
-
inte
rf
a
ce
In
o
r
d
er
to
e
n
r
o
l
a
n
ew
u
s
er
in
to
th
e
p
latf
o
r
m
,
th
e
a
d
m
i
n
is
tr
ato
r
h
as
to
lo
g
in
t
o
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
m
an
ag
em
en
t
p
latf
o
r
m
.
T
h
e
IP
ad
d
r
ess
of
th
e
s
er
v
er
n
ee
d
s
to
be
en
ter
ed
in
an
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
tex
tb
o
x
of
th
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
.
On
ce
th
is
is
d
o
n
e,
th
e
welc
o
m
e
s
cr
ee
n
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
a
)
is
lo
ad
ed
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
a
)
is
th
e
u
s
er
in
ter
f
ac
e
of
th
e
m
o
b
ile
a
p
p
licatio
n
th
at
p
r
o
v
i
d
es
th
e
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ity
to
l
o
g
in
t
o
th
e
atte
n
d
an
ce
m
a
n
ag
em
e
n
t
p
latf
o
r
m
.
In
th
e
welc
o
m
e
s
cr
ee
n
,
th
e
in
ten
d
i
n
g
u
s
er
of
t
h
e
atten
d
an
ce
p
latf
o
r
m
is
p
r
o
m
p
ted
to
s
u
p
p
ly
h
is
u
s
er
n
am
e
a
n
d
p
ass
wo
r
d
in
o
r
d
er
f
o
r
th
e
u
s
er
to
g
et
lo
g
g
ed
in
.
Af
ter
l
o
g
g
in
g
i
n
,
if
th
e
l
o
g
g
ed
in
u
s
er
is
an
ad
m
in
is
tr
ato
r
,
th
e
p
ag
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
b
)
ca
n
be
u
s
ed
to
en
r
o
l
n
ew
u
s
er
s
in
to
th
e
p
latf
o
r
m
.
4
.
2
.
T
he
s
t
ud
ent
us
er
pa
g
e
T
h
e
p
r
o
f
ile
p
ag
e
of
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t
ca
teg
o
r
y
of
u
s
er
is
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
7.
As
a
s
tu
d
en
t,
th
e
co
n
ten
t
of
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
r
eg
is
ter
can
o
n
l
y
be
v
iewe
d
but
not
ed
ited
.
T
h
is
h
elp
s
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
ch
an
ce
s
of
f
alsi
f
icatio
n
of
atten
d
an
ce
r
ec
o
r
d
by
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
On
ce
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t
is
lo
g
g
ed
in
to
th
e
p
latf
o
r
m
,
th
e
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ity
to
u
p
d
ate
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
r
ec
o
r
d
is
p
r
esen
ted
.
In
o
r
d
e
r
to
u
p
d
ate
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
r
ec
o
r
d
,
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t
is
p
r
o
m
p
te
d
to
s
u
p
p
ly
f
in
g
er
p
r
in
t
d
ata
wh
ich
is
r
ea
lis
ed
by
p
lacin
g
a
r
eg
is
ter
ed
f
in
g
er
on
th
e
f
in
g
e
r
p
r
in
t
s
ca
n
n
er
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
(
a
)
T
h
e
welc
o
m
e
s
c
r
ee
n
o
f
th
e
m
o
b
ile
a
p
p
licatio
n
,
(
b
)
E
n
r
o
llm
en
t
p
ag
e
f
o
r
cr
ea
ti
n
g
a
n
ew
u
s
er
in
th
e
atten
d
an
c
e
d
atab
ase
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
T
h
e
u
s
er
in
ter
f
ac
e
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t c
ateg
o
r
y
o
f
u
s
er
o
n
th
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licat
io
n
4
.
3
.
T
he
ins
t
ruct
o
r
us
er
pa
g
e
T
h
e
u
s
er
in
ter
f
ac
e
of
th
e
in
s
tr
u
cto
r
is
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
8.
On
ce
lo
g
g
ed
in
,
th
e
in
s
tr
u
ct
o
r
h
as
th
e
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ity
to
v
iew
th
e
lis
t
of
r
eg
is
ter
ed
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
He
can
als
o
v
iew
d
aily
or
m
o
n
th
ly
r
e
p
o
r
t
of
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
r
ec
o
r
d
.
In
ad
d
itio
n
,
he
can
e
d
it
th
e
r
ec
o
r
d
b
ased
on
h
is
in
itiativ
e.
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
m
an
ag
e
m
en
t
p
latf
o
r
m
,
s
tatis
tical
an
aly
s
is
of
each
s
tu
d
e
n
t’
s
atten
d
an
ce
r
e
co
r
d
ca
n
be
d
o
n
e.
Fo
r
ex
am
p
le,
it
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
ex
tr
ac
t
th
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
atten
d
an
ce
ac
h
iev
ed
by
in
d
iv
id
u
al
s
tu
d
en
t
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
latf
o
r
m
.
T
h
is
is
ex
tr
em
ely
im
p
o
r
tan
t
,
a
n
d
is
ev
e
n
th
e
m
ajo
r
r
esu
lt
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
p
latf
o
r
m
s
in
ce
it
p
r
o
v
id
es
th
e
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ity
to
id
en
tify
s
tu
d
en
ts
th
at
ar
e
less
p
r
o
m
p
t
to
class
es,
an
d
if
th
er
e
is
a
p
en
alty
f
o
r
s
u
ch
b
eh
av
i
o
u
r
,
it
will
s
er
v
e
as
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
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I
n
d
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esian
J
E
lec
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n
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o
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p
Sci,
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.
1
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d
eter
r
en
ce
a
g
ain
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t
f
u
tu
r
e
r
e
cu
r
r
en
ce
.
As
can
be
o
b
s
er
v
ed
in
Fig
u
r
e
8,
th
e
p
ar
ticu
lar
s
tu
d
en
t
u
n
d
er
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
h
as
an
av
er
ag
e
atten
d
an
ce
of
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1
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e
lec
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d
ed
up
till
th
e
d
ay
th
is
d
ata
was
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
d
atab
ase
by
an
in
s
tr
u
cto
r
.
Fig
u
r
e
8.
T
h
e
u
s
er
in
ter
f
ac
e
of
th
e
in
s
tr
u
cto
r
ca
teg
o
r
y
of
u
s
er
on
th
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
4
.
4
.
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
nce
a
na
ly
s
is
of
t
he
pro
po
s
ed
a
t
t
enda
nce
ma
na
g
m
ent
s
y
s
t
e
m
In
o
r
d
er
to
an
aly
s
e
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
of
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
atten
d
an
ce
m
an
ag
m
en
t
s
y
s
tem
,
we
s
elec
ted
a
co
u
r
s
e
o
f
f
e
r
ed
by
50
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
of
th
e
Dep
ar
tm
en
t
of
E
lectr
ical
an
d
E
lectr
o
n
ics
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
,
Fed
er
al
Un
iv
er
s
ity
of
Ag
r
icu
ltu
r
e,
Ab
eo
k
u
ta,
an
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
2
ex
p
e
r
im
en
ts
.
In
th
e
f
ir
s
t
ex
p
er
im
en
t,
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
of
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
was
o
b
tain
ed
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
m
an
u
al
m
eth
o
d
in
w
h
ich
a
p
a
p
er
-
b
ased
atten
d
an
ce
r
eg
is
ter
was
u
s
ed
to
k
ee
p
a
lo
g
of
th
e
atten
d
an
ce
r
ec
o
r
d
s
of
th
e
50
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
.
We
ca
ll
th
is
th
e
"
Ma
n
au
l
atten
d
an
c
e
tech
n
iq
u
e"
.
In
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ex
p
er
im
en
t,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
io
m
etr
ic
-
b
ased
atten
d
an
ce
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
s
y
s
tem
was
u
s
ed
to
ca
p
tu
r
e
t
h
e
atten
d
a
n
c
e
of
t
h
e
s
am
e
s
et
of
50
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
,
an
d
we
r
ef
er
to
t
h
is
as
th
e
"Bi
o
m
etr
ic
-
b
ased
tech
n
iq
u
e"
.
Fo
r
ea
c
h
of
th
e
tw
o
ex
p
er
im
e
n
ts
,
we
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
th
e
len
g
th
of
tim
e
it
tak
es
f
o
r
ea
ch
atten
d
ee
to
lo
g
h
is
atten
d
an
ce
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
d
u
r
in
g
lectu
r
e
p
e
r
io
d
s
an
d
th
e
r
es
u
lt
of
th
e
e
x
p
er
im
e
n
ts
is
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
9.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
o
b
s
er
v
e
d
in
Fig
u
r
e
9
th
at
t
h
e
m
a
n
u
al
b
ased
tech
n
iq
u
e
r
eq
u
ir
es
lo
n
g
e
r
tim
e
d
u
r
atio
n
th
a
n
th
e
b
io
m
etr
ic
b
ased
tech
n
iq
u
e
p
er
p
ar
ticip
an
t.
On
th
e
av
er
a
g
e,
th
e
m
an
u
al
atten
d
an
ce
tak
es
1
5
.
4
s
wh
ile
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
io
m
etr
ic
-
b
ased
tech
n
iq
u
e
tak
es
3
.
1
s
p
er
p
ar
tici
p
an
t.
Hen
ce
,
th
e
b
i
o
m
etr
ic
-
b
ased
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
5
tim
es f
aster
th
an
th
e
m
an
u
al.
Fig
u
r
e
9.
Av
e
r
ag
e
tim
e
tak
e
n
p
er
s
tu
d
en
t
to
lo
g
atten
d
an
ce
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
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4
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a
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w
a
r
d
s
u
s
e
d
to
p
e
r
p
et
r
a
t
e
i
m
p
e
r
s
o
n
a
t
i
o
n
.
In
o
r
d
e
r
to
u
p
d
a
t
e
a
t
t
e
n
d
a
n
c
e
r
e
c
o
r
d
,
each
p
a
r
t
i
c
i
p
a
n
t
is
p
r
o
m
p
t
e
d
f
o
r
f
i
n
g
e
r
p
r
i
n
t
s
c
a
n
n
i
n
g
.
O
n
c
e
t
h
e
f
i
n
g
e
r
p
r
i
n
t
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
s
c
a
n
n
e
d
,
it
is
m
a
t
c
h
e
d
wi
t
h
t
h
e
f
i
n
g
e
r
p
r
i
n
t
p
r
e
-
r
e
g
i
s
t
e
r
e
d
on
t
h
e
p
l
a
t
f
o
r
m
.
If
t
h
e
r
e
is
a
m
at
c
h
,
t
h
e
a
t
t
e
n
d
a
n
c
e
r
e
c
o
r
d
is
u
p
d
a
t
e
d
,
o
t
h
e
r
w
i
s
e
,
th
e
r
e
c
o
r
d
u
p
d
a
t
e
r
e
q
u
e
s
t
is
d
e
n
i
e
d
.
S
i
n
c
e
t
h
e
a
t
t
e
n
d
a
n
c
e
c
a
p
t
u
r
i
n
g
t
a
s
k
s
by
t
h
e
p
l
a
t
f
o
r
m
is
a
u
t
o
m
at
e
d
,
it
r
e
lie
v
e
s
t
h
e
s
t
a
f
f
or
i
n
s
t
r
u
ct
o
r
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
h
e
r
c
u
l
e
a
n
t
as
k
of
m
an
u
a
l
l
y
o
b
t
a
i
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
a
t
t
e
n
d
a
n
c
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
f
o
r
r
ec
o
r
d
k
e
e
p
i
n
g
.
In
a
d
d
i
t
i
o
n
,
it
e
l
i
m
i
n
a
te
s
a
t
t
e
n
d
a
n
c
e
t
a
k
i
n
g
by
p
r
o
x
y
due
to
t
h
e
f
i
n
g
e
r
p
r
i
n
t
r
e
q
u
i
r
e
m
e
n
t
w
h
i
c
h
n
e
c
e
s
s
i
t
at
e
s
t
h
e
p
h
y
s
i
c
a
l
p
r
es
en
c
e
of
t
h
e
s
u
b
j
e
c
t
d
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
at
t
e
n
d
a
n
c
e
u
p
d
a
t
i
n
g
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
.
It
al
s
o
a
d
d
r
e
s
s
es
o
t
h
e
r
s
h
o
r
t
c
o
m
i
n
g
s
of
m
a
n
u
a
l
a
t
te
n
d
a
n
c
e
t
a
k
i
n
g
,
i
n
c
l
u
d
i
n
g
t
o
t
a
l
l
o
s
s
of
t
h
e
a
tt
e
n
d
a
n
c
e
b
o
o
k
.
E
x
p
e
r
i
m
e
n
t
s
w
e
r
e
c
o
n
d
u
c
t
e
d
w
h
i
c
h
r
e
v
e
a
l
e
d
t
h
a
t
t
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e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
b
i
o
m
e
t
r
i
c
-
b
a
s
e
d
a
t
t
e
n
d
a
n
c
e
l
o
g
g
i
n
g
t
e
c
h
n
i
q
u
e
is
5
t
i
m
es
f
a
s
t
e
r
t
h
a
n
t
h
e
c
o
n
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
a
l
p
a
p
e
r
-
b
a
s
e
d
te
c
h
n
i
q
u
e
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
Kish
o
re
,
“
M
o
b
il
e
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
of
C
o
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
M
o
b
il
e
Co
mp
u
ti
n
g
,
v
o
l.
6,
n
o
.
9,
p
p
.
1
5
-
2
0
,
2
0
1
7
.
[2
]
A
.
H
.
C
h
o
h
a
n
,
H
.
M
.
Affa
n
d
i
,
J
.
Aw
a
d
a
n
d
A
.
I
.
C
h
e
-
An
i
,
“A
m
e
t
h
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
to
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
a
M
o
b
i
le
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
M
o
d
e
l
to
Ap
p
ra
isa
l
Ho
u
si
n
g
De
sig
n
Q
u
a
li
ty
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
of
I
n
ter
a
c
ti
v
e
M
o
b
il
e
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
(iJIM
)
,
v
o
l.
1
1
,
no.
6,
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
9
9
1
/i
ji
m
.
v
1
1
i6
.
6
3
7
9
.
[3
]
V
.
N.
In
u
k
o
l
lu
,
D
.
D.
Ke
sh
a
m
o
n
i,
T
.
Ka
n
g
a
n
d
M
.
I
n
u
k
o
ll
u
,
“
Ro
le
of
M
o
b
il
e
A
p
p
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
Li
fe
Cy
c
le,”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
of
S
o
ft
wa
re
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
v
o
l
.
5
,
no.
5
,
p
p
.
5
-
12,
2
0
1
4
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
5
1
2
1
/
ij
se
a
.
2
0
1
4
.
5
5
0
2
.
[4
]
H.
S
u
h
a
s
a
n
d
K.
M.
M
a
h
ima
,
“
An
d
ro
id
Ba
se
d
M
o
b
il
e
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
its
S
e
c
u
rit
y
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
of
Co
m
p
u
ter
T
re
n
d
s
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l.
3,
no.
3,
p
p
.
2
2
3
1
-
2
2
3
5
,
2
0
1
2
.
[5
]
B
.
M
.
Ad
a
m
,
A
.
R
.
A
n
o
m
Be
sa
ri
a
n
d
M
.
M
.
Ba
c
h
ti
a
r,
“
Ba
c
k
e
n
d
S
e
rv
e
r
S
y
ste
m
De
sig
n
Ba
se
d
on
RES
T
API
f
o
r
Ca
sh
les
s
P
a
y
m
e
n
t
S
y
ste
m
on
Re
tail
Co
m
m
u
n
it
y
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
S
y
mp
o
siu
m
(I
ES
),
S
u
ra
b
a
y
a
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
,
p
p
.
2
0
8
-
2
1
3
,
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/E
LE
C
S
YM.
2
0
1
9
.
8
9
0
1
6
6
8
.
[
6
]
M
.
S
i
n
g
h
,
D
.
T
.
V
a
l
e
o
,
A
.
P
a
n
d
e
y
,
A
.
P
a
n
d
e
y
a
n
d
R
.
K
u
m
a
r
,
“
M
o
b
i
l
e
b
a
s
e
d
S
t
u
d
e
n
t
A
t
t
e
n
d
a
n
c
e
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
S
y
s
t
e
m
,
”
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
of
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
65,
no.
3,
pp.
37
-
40
,
2017
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
5
1
2
0
/
i
j
c
a
2
0
1
7
9
1
3
8
3
4
.
[7
]
V.
Ru
h
it
h
a
,
V.
N.
P
ru
d
h
v
i
Ra
j
a
n
d
G.
G
e
e
th
a
,
"
Im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
of
IOT
b
a
se
d
Atte
n
d
a
n
c
e
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
S
y
ste
m
on
Ra
sp
b
e
rry
P
i
,
"
2
0
1
9
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
on
I
n
telli
g
e
n
t
S
u
s
ta
in
a
b
le
S
y
ste
ms
(ICIS
S
)
,
P
a
ll
a
d
a
m
,
Tam
il
n
a
d
u
,
In
d
ia,
2
0
1
9
,
p
p
.
5
8
4
-
5
8
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/IS
S
1
.
2
0
1
9
.
8
9
0
8
0
9
2
.
[8
]
M.
K
.
Ru
sia
,
D
.
K
.
S
in
g
h
a
n
d
M.
A
.
An
sa
ri
,
“
Hu
m
a
n
F
a
c
e
Id
e
n
ti
fic
a
ti
o
n
u
sin
g
LBP
a
n
d
Ha
a
r
-
li
k
e
F
e
a
tu
re
s
fo
r
Re
a
l
Ti
m
e
Atten
d
a
n
c
e
M
o
n
it
o
rin
g
,”
2
0
1
9
F
if
th
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
on
Ima
g
e
In
fo
rm
a
t
io
n
Pro
c
e
ss
in
g
(ICIIP
)
,
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
iciip
4
7
2
0
7
.
2
0
1
9
.
8
9
8
5
8
6
7
.
[9
]
B
.
T
.
Ch
i
n
imill
i
,
T
.
A
n
jali,
A
.
Ko
tt
u
ri
,
V
.
R
.
Ka
ip
u
a
n
d
J
.
V
.
M
a
n
d
a
p
a
ti
,
"
F
a
c
e
Re
c
o
g
n
i
ti
o
n
b
a
se
d
Atten
d
a
n
c
e
S
y
ste
m
u
sin
g
Ha
a
r
Ca
sc
a
d
e
a
n
d
Lo
c
a
l
Bin
a
ry
P
a
tt
e
rn
Histo
g
ra
m
Alg
o
rit
h
m
,
"
2
0
2
0
4
t
h
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
on
T
re
n
d
s
in
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
In
fo
rm
a
t
ics
(ICOEI)(4
8
1
8
4
)
,
T
iru
n
e
l
v
e
li
,
In
d
ia,
2
0
2
0
,
p
p
.
701
-
7
0
4
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/ICOEI
4
8
1
8
4
.
2
0
2
0
.
9
1
4
3
0
4
6
.
[1
0
]
In
d
ra
et
al
.,
"
De
sig
n
a
n
d
Im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
of
S
t
u
d
e
n
t
Atten
d
a
n
c
e
S
y
ste
m
Ba
se
d
on
F
a
c
e
Re
c
o
g
n
it
io
n
by
Ha
a
r
-
Li
k
e
F
e
a
tu
re
s
M
e
th
o
d
s,
"
2
0
2
0
3
rd
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
on
M
e
c
h
a
n
ic
a
l,
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
C
o
mp
u
ter
,
a
n
d
I
n
d
u
stria
l
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
(
M
EC
n
IT
)
,
M
e
d
a
n
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
sia
,
2
0
2
0
,
p
p
.
3
3
6
-
3
4
2
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/M
EC
n
IT4
8
2
9
0
.
2
0
2
0
.
9
1
6
6
5
9
5
.
[1
1
]
S.
M
a
ti
ld
a
a
n
d
K.
S
h
a
h
i
n
,
"
S
t
u
d
e
n
t
Atten
d
a
n
c
e
M
o
n
it
o
ri
n
g
S
y
ste
m
Us
in
g
Im
a
g
e
P
r
o
c
e
ss
in
g
,
"
2
0
1
9
I
EE
E
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
on
S
y
s
tem
,
Co
mp
u
t
a
ti
o
n
,
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
and
Ne
tw
o
rk
in
g
(ICS
C
AN)
,
P
o
n
d
ich
e
rry
,
I
n
d
ia,
2
0
1
9
,
p
p
.
1
-
4,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/IC
S
C
AN
.
2
0
1
9
.
8
8
7
8
8
0
6
.
[1
2
]
R.
Ha
rtan
to
a
n
d
M.
N.
A
d
ji
,
"
F
a
c
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