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S
[1]
H
J
i
a
y
i
,
J
Chua
nw
e
n,
X
Rong
.
“
A
re
vi
e
w
on
di
s
t
ri
but
e
d
e
ne
rg
y
re
s
ourc
e
s
a
nd m
i
c
ro g
ri
d
”.
R
e
ne
w. Sus
t
ai
n. E
ne
r
gy
R
e
v
.
2008;
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2472
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2483.
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A
K
A
ra
ni
.
“
O
p
t
i
m
a
l
p
l
a
c
e
m
e
nt
a
nd
s
i
z
i
ng
of
di
s
t
ri
but
e
d
g
e
ne
ra
t
i
on
uni
t
s
us
i
ng
Co
-
E
vol
ut
i
ona
ry
p
a
rt
i
c
l
e
s
w
a
rm
op
t
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
on a
l
g
ori
t
hm
s
”.
T
E
L
KO
MNIKA
Indone
s
i
an J
our
nal
of
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
al
E
ngi
ne
e
r
i
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P
S
M
e
e
ra
,
S
H
e
m
a
m
a
l
i
ni
.
“
O
p
t
i
m
a
l
s
i
t
i
ng
of
di
s
t
ri
but
e
d
g
e
ne
ra
t
ors
i
n
a
di
s
t
ri
but
i
on
ne
t
w
ork
us
i
ng
A
rt
i
fi
c
i
a
l
Im
m
une
S
y
s
t
e
m
”
.
Int
e
r
nat
i
onal
J
our
nal
of
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
al
and Com
put
e
r
E
ngi
ne
e
r
i
ng
(IJ
E
CE
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2017;
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649.
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N
M
a
noj
K
um
a
r,
V
K
S
e
t
hi
.
“
O
p
t
i
m
a
l
l
oc
a
t
i
on
of
di
s
t
ri
but
e
d
g
e
ne
ra
t
i
on
a
nd
i
t
s
i
m
p
a
c
t
s
on
vol
t
a
g
e
s
t
a
bi
l
i
t
y
”
.
Int
e
r
nat
i
onal
J
our
nal
of
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
al
and Com
put
e
r
E
ngi
ne
e
r
i
ng
(IJ
E
CE
)
.
2016;
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511.
[5]
J
O
P
e
t
i
nri
n,
J
O
A
g
dol
a
de
,
M
S
ha
a
ba
n.
“
V
ol
t
a
g
e
re
g
ul
a
t
i
on
i
n
a
M
i
c
rog
ri
d
w
i
t
h
hy
bri
d
P
V
/
W
i
nd
e
ne
rg
y
”
.
T
E
L
KO
MNIKA
Indone
s
i
an J
our
nal
of
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
al
E
ngi
ne
e
r
i
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Rue
y
H
s
un,
L
Che
n
K
uo.
“
D
i
s
p
a
t
c
h
of
m
a
i
n
t
ra
ns
form
e
r
U
L
T
C
a
nd
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
ors
i
n
a
di
s
t
ri
but
i
on
s
y
s
t
e
m
”
.
IE
E
E
T
r
ans
ac
t
i
ons
on P
owe
r
D
e
l
i
v
e
r
y
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[7]
J
O
D
onne
l
.
“
V
ol
t
a
g
e
m
a
na
g
e
m
e
nt
of ne
t
w
orks
w
i
t
h di
s
t
ri
but
e
d g
e
ne
ra
t
i
on
”
. P
hD
t
he
s
i
s
. E
di
nburg
h &
U
.K
.;
2007.
[8]
F
A
V
i
va
n.
“
V
ol
t
a
g
e
c
ont
rol
a
nd
vol
t
a
g
e
s
t
a
bi
l
i
t
y
of
p
ow
e
r
di
s
t
ri
but
i
on
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
i
n
t
he
p
re
s
e
nc
e
of
di
s
t
ri
but
e
d
g
e
ne
r
a
t
i
on
”
.
P
hD
t
he
s
i
s
. S
w
e
de
n &
U
.T
.;
2008.
[9]
F
C
L
u,
Y
Y
H
s
u
.
“
Re
a
c
t
i
ve
p
ow
e
r/
vol
t
a
g
e
c
ont
rol
i
n a
di
s
t
ri
but
i
on s
ubs
t
a
t
i
on us
i
ng
dy
na
m
i
c
p
rog
ra
m
m
i
ng
”
.
P
r
oc
.
Ins
t
. E
l
e
c
t
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E
ng., G
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n., T
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ans
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V
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va
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a
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Com
bi
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d
l
oc
a
l
a
nd
re
m
ot
e
vol
t
a
g
e
a
nd
re
a
c
t
i
ve
p
ow
e
r
c
ont
rol
i
n
t
he
p
re
s
e
nc
e
of
i
nduc
t
i
on m
a
c
hi
ne
di
s
t
ri
but
e
d g
e
ne
ra
t
i
on
”
.
IE
E
E
T
r
ans
ac
t
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ons
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m
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A
V
i
va
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D
K
a
rl
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s
on.
“
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ol
t
a
g
e
a
nd
re
a
c
t
i
ve
p
ow
e
r
c
ont
rol
i
n
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
w
i
t
h
s
y
nc
hronous
m
a
c
hi
ne
ba
s
e
d
di
s
t
ri
but
e
d g
e
ne
ra
t
i
on
”
.
IE
E
E
T
r
ans
ac
t
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ons
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v
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C J
D
e
nt
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F
O
c
hoa
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P
H
a
rri
s
on.
“
N
e
t
w
ork di
s
t
ri
but
e
d g
e
ne
ra
t
i
on c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
a
na
l
y
s
i
s
us
i
ng
O
P
F
w
i
t
h vol
t
a
g
e
s
t
e
p
c
ons
t
ra
i
nt
s
”
.
IE
E
E
T
r
ans
ac
t
i
ons
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Sy
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e
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A
R
A
hm
a
di
,
T
C
G
re
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n.
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O
p
t
i
m
a
l
p
ow
e
r
fl
ow
for
a
ut
onom
ous
re
g
i
ona
l
a
c
t
i
ve
ne
t
w
ork
m
a
na
g
e
m
e
nt
s
y
s
t
e
m
”
.
IE
E
E
P
owe
r
&
E
ne
r
gy
Soc
i
e
t
y
G
e
ne
r
al
Me
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t
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ng.
2009;
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7.
[14]
W
S
he
ng
,
K
Y
L
i
u,
Y
S
Che
ng
.
“
A
t
rus
t
re
g
i
on
S
Q
P
m
e
t
hod
for
c
oordi
na
t
e
d
vol
t
a
g
e
c
ont
rol
i
n
s
m
a
rt
di
s
t
ri
but
i
on
s
y
s
t
e
m
”
.
IE
E
E
T
r
ans
ac
t
i
ons
on Sm
ar
t
G
r
i
d
. 2015;
7(1):
381
-
391.
[15]
H
L
i
,
F
L
i
,
Y
X
u,
D
T
Ri
y
a
z
,
J
D
K
ue
c
k.
“
A
da
p
t
i
ve
vol
t
a
g
e
c
ont
rol
w
i
t
h
di
s
t
ri
but
e
d
e
ne
rg
y
s
ourc
e
s
:
A
l
g
ori
t
hm
,
t
he
ore
t
i
c
a
l
a
na
l
y
s
i
s
,
s
i
m
ul
a
t
i
on,
a
nd
fi
e
l
d
t
e
s
t
ve
ri
fi
c
a
t
i
on
”
.
IE
E
E
T
r
ans
ac
t
i
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2
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R
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i
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C
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i
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on
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ra
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t
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g
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i
ona
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s
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a
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h
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Che
m
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a
l
Re
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c
t
i
on
O
p
t
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
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A
l
g
ori
t
hm
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l
oba
l
op
t
i
m
i
z
a
t
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”
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E
x
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rt
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i
g
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nt
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ng
a
l
g
ori
t
hm
for
m
obi
l
e
w
i
re
l
e
s
s
ad
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hoc
ne
t
w
orks
”
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r
e
l
e
s
s
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e
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a
l
g
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t
hm
:
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e
c
ol
l
e
c
t
i
ng
p
ol
l
e
n
a
l
g
ori
t
hm
”
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Int
e
r
nat
i
onal
Conf
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r
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nc
e
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A
dv
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d
Int
e
l
l
i
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nt
Com
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T
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l
m
e
t
he
uri
s
t
i
c
s
e
a
rc
h
for
g
l
oba
l
op
t
i
m
i
z
a
t
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on
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A
IP
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r
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s
p
s
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a
rm
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l
g
ori
t
hm
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dy
na
m
i
c
m
a
x
-
s
a
t
p
robl
e
m
s
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8
th
Int
e
r
nat
i
onal
c
onf
e
r
e
nc
e
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dapt
i
v
e
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ur
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i
rj
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l
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l
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M
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i
rj
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l
i
l
i
,
A
L
e
w
i
s
.
“
G
re
y
W
ol
f
O
p
t
i
m
i
z
e
r
”
.
A
dv
anc
e
s
i
n
E
ngi
ne
e
r
i
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B
I
O
G
R
A
P
H
I
E
S
O
F
A
U
T
H
O
R
S
M.
S
a
nka
ra
i
a
h
ha
s
obt
a
i
ne
d
hi
s
B.T
e
c
h
de
g
re
e
from
S
.V
.U
ni
ve
rs
i
t
y
a
nd
M
.T
e
c
h
de
g
re
e
from
N
.I.T
,Ca
l
i
c
ut
.
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e
ha
s
10
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e
a
rs
of
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.
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ubl
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ur,A
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.T
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.