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ld
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e
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ig
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s
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at
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ate
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icit
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u
c
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il
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a
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as.
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u
t,
t
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r
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m
o
s
t
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ep
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n
o
n
-
r
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n
e
w
ab
le
a
n
d
ta
k
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th
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s
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s
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ated
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to
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ited
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s
k
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tu
d
ie
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d
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r
r
ied
o
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ician
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th
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ated
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ab
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f
s
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r
ad
ian
t e
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y
[
1
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.
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l
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,
th
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to
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(
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d
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ca
n
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in
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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2502
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l
.
11
,
No
.
1
,
J
u
ly
201
8
:
2
3
3
–
2
4
0
234
I
n
Ma
la
y
s
ia,
th
e
f
i
n
al
elec
tr
ic
it
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
t
io
n
i
s
1
1
,
1
7
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k
to
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2
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5
w
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is
eq
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al
to
1
2
9
.
9
T
W
h
an
d
it
is
in
cr
ea
s
e
an
n
u
a
ll
y
[
2
]
.
So
,
d
u
e
to
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
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m
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o
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la
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Feed
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Net
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eter
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6
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ch
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e
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at
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s
tr
ial,
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m
m
er
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n
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tial
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to
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s
.
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h
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t
y
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s
ed
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ia
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ly
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s
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e,
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talli
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e
an
d
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h
in
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l
m
P
h
o
to
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o
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ic
[3
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.
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,
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t,
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m
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e
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te
m
s
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n
th
o
u
g
h
Ma
la
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ia
h
as
a
tr
u
e
p
o
ten
tia
l to
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
t
h
e
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y
s
te
m
.
As
w
e
k
n
o
w
,
Ma
la
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ia
is
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ca
ted
in
a
tr
o
p
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cli
m
a
te
zo
n
e
,
s
o
it
h
as
ab
u
n
d
an
t
a
m
o
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n
t
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lar
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ad
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g
o
o
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tem
p
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e
to
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m
p
le
m
en
t
s
o
lar
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y
s
t
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m
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p
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r
p
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l
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
r
o
j
ec
t p
lan
n
in
g
an
d
a
ls
o
to
m
ak
e
a
p
r
o
f
it a
n
al
y
s
is
o
n
th
i
s
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
w
ill
b
e
f
o
cu
s
in
g
o
n
t
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
s
to
d
o
th
e
p
r
o
ject
p
lan
n
in
g
o
f
th
e
s
o
lar
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
i
n
s
ch
o
o
l.
Ot
h
er
t
h
an
t
h
at,
t
h
e
d
ata
co
llectio
n
w
ill
b
e
d
is
c
u
s
s
th
o
r
o
u
g
h
l
y
i
n
th
i
s
s
ec
tio
n
.
T
h
e
d
ata
co
llectio
n
is
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
m
eteo
r
o
lo
g
ical
d
a
ta,
th
e
P
V
d
ata
an
d
also
th
e
s
c
h
o
o
l d
ata
f
o
r
th
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
2
.
1
.
P
re
v
io
us
Resea
rc
h
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
w
ill
b
e
f
o
cu
s
in
g
o
n
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
u
s
ed
to
d
o
th
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
First
p
ap
er
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
ab
o
u
t
s
tan
d
ar
d
test
co
n
d
it
io
n
(
1
0
0
0
W
/m
2
,
2
5
̊c)
an
d
also
th
e
s
et
co
n
d
itio
n
(
8
0
0
W
/
m
2
,
2
5
̊c)
.
I
t
is
also
test
ed
o
n
t
w
o
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
P
V
m
o
d
u
les
w
h
i
ch
ar
e
KD3
2
5
GX
(
3
3
0
W
)
an
d
KD3
3
0
GX
(
3
3
0
W
)
[
4
]
.
P
a
p
er
[
5
]
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
o
n
th
e
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
test
co
n
d
it
io
n
b
u
t
f
o
r
d
if
f
er
en
t
in
p
u
t
w
h
ich
co
n
s
i
s
t
o
f
So
lar
I
r
r
ad
ian
ce
,
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
an
d
s
o
lar
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
f
o
r
1
8
5
W
an
d
1
2
5
W
P
V
m
o
d
u
le.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
i
s
q
u
ite
d
etails
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
o
th
er
s
d
u
e
to
s
o
m
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
in
p
u
t
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
o
th
er
s
.
Di
f
f
er
e
n
t
k
i
n
d
o
f
m
et
h
o
d
u
s
ed
in
p
ap
er
[
6
]
as
i
t
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
P
V1
-
D
m
et
h
o
d
,
Ma
tLA
B
F
u
n
ct
io
n
,
S
h
o
ck
le
y
D
io
d
e
E
q
u
atio
n
an
d
a
ls
o
Ne
w
to
n
R
ap
h
s
o
n
m
et
h
o
d
f
o
r
MSX
-
6
0
(
6
0
W
)
P
V
m
o
d
u
le.
In
p
ap
er
[
7
]
,
S
T
P
2
5
5
-
2
0
ty
p
e
o
f
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
i
s
b
ein
g
u
s
ed
w
it
h
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
2
5
5
W
o
f
p
o
w
er
f
o
r
o
n
e
m
o
d
u
le.
So
lar
ex
M
SX 6
0
W
PV
m
o
d
u
le
i
s
b
ein
g
u
s
ed
in
p
ap
er
[
1
]
an
d
it h
as 6
0
W
p
o
w
er
.
Du
r
in
g
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t te
s
t,
s
tan
d
ar
d
test
co
n
d
itio
n
w
i
th
1
0
0
0
W
/m
2
an
d
2
5
̊c
is
ta
k
en
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t.
B
u
t
it
is
b
ein
g
v
ar
ied
f
r
o
m
2
0
0
-
1000
W
/
m
2
an
d
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e
f
r
o
m
0
-
1
0
0
̊c.
Oth
er
th
a
n
t
h
at,
P
VX5
0
0
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
i
s
b
ein
g
u
s
ed
w
it
h
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
4
9
W
p
o
w
er
[
8
]
.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
e
lecte
d
m
o
d
u
le
i
s
q
u
ite
s
m
al
l
a
n
d
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
m
an
y
ap
p
lian
ce
s
.
I
n
p
u
t
p
ar
a
m
eter
f
o
r
th
is
r
esear
ch
is
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
i
n
s
o
latio
n
1
0
0
0
W
/m
2
a
n
d
th
e
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
is
2
9
8
k
elv
in
s
.
P
V1
-
D
m
as
k
ed
b
lo
ck
is
b
ein
g
u
s
ed
an
d
th
e
P
V
t
y
p
e
is
So
lar
ex
MSX
6
0
.
I
n
th
e
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
,
th
e
MSX6
0
t
y
p
e
w
i
ll
h
av
e
a
f
u
ll
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
w
it
h
6
0
W
o
u
tp
u
t
o
n
l
y
d
u
r
i
n
g
n
o
o
n
w
h
ic
h
t
h
e
in
s
o
latio
n
is
1
0
0
0
W
/
m
2
[
9
]
.
L
ast
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
p
ap
er
th
at
h
ad
b
ee
n
r
ev
ie
w
ed
is
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
o
n
th
e
Mo
d
eli
n
g
o
f
P
V
Mo
d
u
le
b
y
U
s
i
n
g
Ma
tLA
B
S
i
m
u
li
n
k
[
1
0
]
.
I
n
th
is
r
esear
ch
,
t
h
e
y
ar
e
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
MSR
2
4
5
W
P
V
th
at
co
n
s
u
m
e
2
4
5
W
o
f
p
o
w
er
.
T
h
e
in
p
u
t
p
ar
a
m
eter
t
h
at
co
n
s
is
t
o
f
in
s
o
latio
n
a
n
d
te
m
p
er
a
tu
r
e
ar
e
b
ein
g
u
s
ed
s
a
m
e
a
s
b
ef
o
r
e.
Fro
m
all
t
h
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
p
ap
er
,
th
e
m
et
h
o
d
f
o
r
m
o
d
eli
n
g
t
h
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
s
ti
ll
th
e
s
a
m
e
w
h
ich
ar
e
v
ar
y
in
g
th
e
in
s
o
latio
n
an
d
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e.
T
h
e
r
esu
lt
s
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
s
h
o
w
n
t
h
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
,
cu
r
r
en
t
a
n
d
v
o
ltag
e
ca
p
ac
i
t
y
f
o
r
ea
ch
m
o
d
u
le
to
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
P
V
p
an
el.
2.
2
.
M
et
eo
ro
l
o
g
ica
l D
a
t
a
T
h
e
m
eteo
r
o
lo
g
ical
d
ata
t
h
at
u
s
ed
i
n
m
o
d
elin
g
of
t
h
e
s
o
lar
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
i
s
o
b
tai
n
ed
f
r
o
m
R
E
T
Scr
ee
n
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
atab
ase
.
T
h
is
s
o
f
t
war
e
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
t
h
e
f
r
ee
v
er
s
io
n
o
n
ac
ad
e
m
i
c
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
to
m
a
n
ag
e
t
h
e
e
n
er
g
y
a
n
d
h
av
e
v
ar
iet
y
o
f
lo
ca
tio
n
[
1
1
]
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
m
an
y
i
n
p
u
t
s
d
ata
th
at
ca
n
b
e
f
o
u
n
d
in
t
h
e
R
E
T
Scr
ee
n
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e.
I
n
th
is
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
,
t
h
e
d
ata
th
at
n
ee
d
to
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ar
e
th
e
So
lar
I
r
r
ad
ian
ce
(
G)
an
d
T
em
p
er
atu
r
e
(
T
)
.
So
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
c
e
an
d
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
d
ata
w
il
l
b
e
co
llected
at
lo
ca
tio
n
1
.
8
6
3
5
°
N,
1
0
3
.
1
0
8
9
°
E
w
h
ich
is
i
n
P
ar
it
R
aj
a,
B
atu
P
ah
at,
J
o
h
o
r
.
Fro
m
t
h
e
d
ata
co
llected
,
d
ata
f
o
r
Ma
y
,
J
u
n
e
a
n
d
J
u
l
y
2
0
1
6
w
i
ll
b
e
u
s
e
d
in
th
i
s
p
r
o
j
ec
t
to
k
n
o
w
t
h
e
av
er
ag
e
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
i
an
ce
an
d
te
m
p
er
at
y
r
e
i
n
th
e
l
o
ca
tio
n
s
tated
ea
r
lier
.
T
h
e
m
e
teo
r
o
lo
g
ical
d
ata
is
tab
u
lated
as in
T
ab
le
1
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
F
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
S
tu
d
y
o
f G
r
id
-
C
o
n
n
ec
ted
S
o
l
a
r
P
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
(
P
V
)
S
ystem
fo
r
P
r
i
ma
r
y
…
(
S
iti A
mely
Ju
ma
a
t
)
235
T
ab
le
1
.
Me
teo
r
o
lo
g
ical
Data
M
o
n
t
h
(
2
0
1
6
)
S
o
l
a
r
I
r
r
a
d
i
a
t
i
o
n
(
k
W
h
/
m
2
)
S
o
l
a
r
I
r
r
a
d
i
a
n
c
e
(
k
W
/
m
2
)
T
e
mp
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
(
o
c)
M
a
y
4
.
6
0
0
.
1
9
2
2
7
.
2
Ju
n
e
4
.
5
7
0
.
1
9
0
2
6
.
7
Ju
l
y
4
.
4
9
0
.
1
8
7
2
6
.
2
2.
3
.
P
ho
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
ic
M
o
du
le
T
h
e
P
V
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
is
r
ep
r
esen
ti
n
g
b
y
t
h
e
I
-
V
c
u
r
v
e
(
c
u
r
r
en
t
-
v
o
lta
g
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
)
an
d
th
e
P
-
V
cu
r
v
e
(
p
o
w
er
-
v
o
lta
g
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
)
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1.
T
h
e
P
V
w
i
ll
b
e
a
t
f
u
ll
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
d
u
r
i
n
g
Stan
d
ar
d
T
est C
o
n
d
itio
n
(
ST
C
)
w
it
h
s
o
l
ar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
o
f
1
0
0
0
W
/m
2
a
n
d
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e
o
f
2
5
o
c
[
1
2
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
C
h
ar
ac
ter
is
t
ics o
f
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
T
h
is
cu
r
v
e
is
u
s
ed
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
p
h
o
to
v
o
l
taic
ce
lls
,
m
o
d
u
le
s
a
n
d
also
ar
r
ay
s
.
T
h
e
in
p
u
t
f
o
r
th
is
c
u
r
v
e
is
t
h
e
s
o
la
r
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
an
d
ce
ll
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
th
e
P
V
ce
ll
o
r
m
o
d
u
le
is
o
p
er
atin
g
at
s
ev
er
al
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
cu
r
r
e
n
t.
Oth
er
t
h
an
t
h
at,
A
P
V
m
o
d
u
l
e
d
esig
n
ed
f
o
r
lar
g
e
co
m
m
er
c
ial
an
d
u
t
ilit
y
s
ca
le
s
o
lar
s
y
s
te
m
s
w
ill
h
av
e
t
y
p
ical
l
y
7
2
P
V
ce
lls
.
B
y
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
o
lar
ce
lls
t
h
e
m
o
d
u
le
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
w
atta
g
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
s
.
Ma
x
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
at
k
n
ee
p
o
in
t
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
a
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
.
Oth
er
t
h
an
th
at,
t
h
e
c
u
r
v
e
p
att
er
n
w
ill
b
e
c
h
a
n
g
e
i
n
ca
s
e
o
f
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
v
alu
e
o
f
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
ia
n
ce
an
d
s
a
m
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
o
r
v
ice
v
er
s
a
[
1
3
]
.
I
n
th
i
s
r
esear
ch
,
th
e
s
e
lecte
d
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
to
b
e
u
s
ed
is
1
2
0
W
Mo
n
o
cr
y
s
ta
lli
n
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
lt
aic
Su
-
Ka
m
So
lar
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
p
ec
if
ica
tio
n
s
a
n
d
r
atin
g
s
at
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
test
co
n
d
itio
n
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
T
ab
le
2
.
T
ab
le
2
.
C
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
1
2
0
W
Mo
n
o
cr
y
s
tal
lin
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
l
taic
N
o
D
e
scri
p
t
i
o
n
A
b
b
r
e
v
i
a
t
i
o
n
D
a
t
a
1
N
o
mi
n
a
l
P
o
w
e
r
,
P
M
P
MA
X
(
W
)
1
2
0
2
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
a
t
P
MAX
V
PM
(V)
1
7
.
7
3
C
u
r
r
e
n
t
a
t
P
MAX
I
PM
(
A
)
6
.
8
4
O
p
e
n
C
i
r
c
u
i
t
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
V
OC
(V)
2
1
.
4
5
S
h
o
r
t
C
i
r
c
u
i
t
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
I
SC
(
A
)
7
.
2
6
M
o
d
u
l
e
Ef
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
%
1
5
.
6
8
7
M
a
x
i
m
u
m
S
y
st
e
m
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
V
SY
S
(V)
6
0
0
8
M
o
d
u
l
e
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
V
MO
D
U
L
E
(V)
12
9
D
i
o
d
e
R
a
t
i
n
g
I
D
IO
D
E
(
A
)
10
2.
4
.
Scho
o
l D
a
t
a
T
h
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
SK
P
in
tas
R
a
y
a,
P
ar
it
R
aj
a,
B
atu
P
ah
at,
J
o
h
o
r
is
b
ased
o
n
th
e
s
ite
v
i
s
it
th
at
h
ad
b
ee
n
co
n
d
u
cted
in
ea
r
l
y
o
f
t
h
i
s
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
Fro
m
th
e
s
ite
v
is
it,
th
e
co
llected
d
ata
ar
e
c
o
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
p
lan
an
d
m
o
n
t
h
l
y
elec
tr
icit
y
b
il
ls
t
h
at
n
ee
d
to
b
e
u
s
e
in
t
h
is
p
r
o
ject.
Fro
m
t
h
e
d
ata
co
llectio
n
,
th
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t
w
ill
b
e
ca
r
r
y
o
u
t
w
ith
a
n
al
y
zi
n
g
t
h
e
c
u
r
r
en
t e
lectr
icit
y
co
s
t a
n
d
af
ter
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
P
V
im
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
at
th
e
s
c
h
o
o
l.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2502
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l
.
11
,
No
.
1
,
J
u
ly
201
8
:
2
3
3
–
2
4
0
236
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S
A
ND
AN
AL
Y
SI
S
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
w
i
ll
d
is
c
u
s
s
o
n
th
e
m
et
h
o
d
s
u
s
ed
to
an
al
y
ze
t
h
e
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
is
SK
P
in
ta
s
R
a
y
a,
P
ar
it
R
aj
a,
B
atu
P
ah
at,
J
o
h
o
r
an
d
m
atch
t
h
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
t
h
is
r
esear
c
h
.
T
h
e
m
a
in
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
is
to
e
x
p
lain
ab
o
u
t
th
e
s
tep
s
in
p
r
o
j
ec
t
p
lan
n
in
g
f
o
r
th
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
T
h
e
s
tep
s
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t
p
lan
n
in
g
ar
e
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
f
o
u
r
p
ar
ts
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
th
e
NE
M
s
ch
e
m
e
,
P
V
m
o
u
n
tin
g
d
esi
g
n
i
n
s
c
h
o
o
l,
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
ca
lcu
latio
n
a
n
d
also
th
e
i
n
itial
co
s
t
o
f
t
h
i
s
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
T
h
en
,
an
a
l
y
s
i
s
o
n
t
h
e
p
r
o
f
i
t
g
ai
n
b
y
t
h
e
s
ch
o
o
l
al
s
o
w
ill
b
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
at
t
h
e
en
d
o
f
th
i
s
s
ec
tio
n
.
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
o
f
p
r
o
j
ec
t
,
th
e
P
V
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
al
y
s
i
s
a
n
d
also
t
h
e
P
V
ef
f
icien
c
y
a
n
al
y
s
is
.
3
.
1
.
P
r
o
j
ec
t
P
l
a
nn
ing
T
h
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t
s
tep
is
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
as
it
i
n
v
o
l
v
es
a
s
er
ie
s
o
f
s
tep
s
t
h
at
d
eter
m
in
e
h
o
w
to
ac
h
ie
v
e
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
g
o
al.
T
h
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t
c
y
cle
is
co
n
s
is
ti
n
g
o
f
s
e
v
er
al
s
tag
es
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
id
en
tify
i
n
g
t
h
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t,
d
esig
n
o
f
p
r
o
j
ec
t,
im
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
p
r
o
j
ec
t,
ev
alu
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t
an
d
also
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
th
e
p
r
o
ject
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
s
tag
e
s
[
1
4
]
.
I
n
t
h
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t,
ce
r
tain
s
tag
e
s
o
f
p
r
o
j
ec
t
s
tep
s
ar
e
in
v
o
lv
ed
f
o
r
in
s
tallat
io
n
o
f
P
V
S
y
s
te
m
at
SK
P
in
tas
R
a
y
a.
T
h
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t
is
in
v
o
l
v
i
n
g
t
h
e
id
en
ti
f
icatio
n
o
f
p
r
o
j
ec
t,
d
esig
n
o
f
p
r
o
j
e
ct,
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
p
r
o
j
ec
t
an
d
ev
alu
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
Fo
r
p
r
o
j
ec
t
id
en
tific
atio
n
,
th
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t
is
g
o
o
d
to
b
e
ca
r
r
y
o
u
t
as
Ma
la
y
s
ia
h
av
e
h
ig
h
r
ate
o
f
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
.
P
r
o
j
ec
t
im
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
a
n
d
ev
alu
at
io
n
ar
e
b
asicall
y
r
elate
d
to
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
P
V
Mo
d
u
le
n
ee
d
ed
f
o
r
th
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
f
it
f
r
o
m
t
h
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
T
h
e
d
esi
g
n
o
f
t
h
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t
is
r
elate
d
to
th
e
2
D
d
esig
n
o
f
t
h
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
o
n
t
h
e
s
c
h
o
o
l r
o
o
f
.
3.
1
.
1
.
Net
E
nerg
y
M
et
er
ing
(
NE
M
)
Sche
m
e
Net
E
n
er
g
y
Me
ter
i
n
g
(
NE
M)
i
s
a
s
ch
e
m
e
t
h
at
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
T
en
ag
a
Nasio
n
al
B
er
h
ad
(
T
NB
)
f
o
r
th
e
co
n
s
u
m
er
s
w
i
th
o
w
n
g
e
n
er
ati
o
n
w
h
o
s
e
s
o
lar
P
V
in
s
talled
ca
p
ac
it
y
is
f
o
r
s
elf
-
co
n
s
u
m
p
ti
o
n
.
I
n
th
e
e
v
en
t
o
f
ex
ce
s
s
g
e
n
er
atio
n
,
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
is
allo
w
ed
to
b
e
ex
p
o
r
ted
to
t
h
e
g
r
id
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
e
en
er
g
y
is
s
el
l
to
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
ti
o
n
licen
s
ee
s
u
ch
as
T
NB
an
d
th
e
u
s
er
w
i
ll
g
et
p
aid
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
it
w
ill
b
e
r
esu
l
tin
g
in
o
f
f
s
etti
n
g
u
s
er
s
’
elec
tr
icit
y
b
ills
.
T
h
is
s
ch
e
m
e
i
s
ap
p
licab
le
to
in
d
u
s
tr
y
,
co
m
m
er
cial
an
d
d
o
m
e
s
tic
s
ec
to
r
s
as
lo
n
g
as
t
h
e
y
ar
e
th
e
cu
s
to
m
er
s
o
f
T
NB
.
T
h
e
in
s
ta
llatio
n
a
ls
o
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
w
ith
i
n
th
e
ir
p
r
e
m
is
e
s
s
u
ch
a
s
o
n
t
h
e
r
o
o
f
to
p
s
.
Mo
s
t
i
m
p
o
r
tan
tl
y
,
t
h
e
co
s
t
o
f
s
o
lar
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
is
d
ec
r
ea
s
in
g
a
n
n
u
all
y
s
o
it
i
s
g
o
o
d
f
o
r
th
e
u
s
er
to
g
ai
n
b
e
n
ef
its
f
r
o
m
t
h
is
s
ch
e
m
e.
I
n
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ti
n
g
Ne
t
E
n
er
g
y
Me
ter
in
g
Sc
h
e
m
e,
s
e
v
er
al
s
te
p
s
n
ee
d
to
b
e
f
o
llo
w
ed
t
h
at
c
o
m
p
lia
n
ce
th
e
r
eg
u
lat
io
n
s
o
f
P
V
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
in
Ma
la
y
s
ia.
Firstl
y
,
t
h
e
ap
p
lican
t
o
f
NE
M
Sc
h
e
m
e
n
ee
d
s
to
f
ill
u
p
Fo
r
m
A
an
d
s
u
b
m
i
t
to
th
e
S
u
s
tain
ab
le
E
n
er
g
y
De
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
Au
t
h
o
r
it
y
(
SED
A
)
.
T
h
en
,
af
te
r
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
is
ch
ec
k
ed
a
n
d
ap
p
r
o
v
ed
,
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
w
ill
b
e
ch
ec
k
ed
b
y
T
NB
an
d
p
r
o
ce
ed
w
it
h
in
s
tall
atio
n
if
ap
p
r
o
v
ed
.
I
f
n
o
t a
p
p
r
o
v
ed
,
th
en
th
e
ap
p
lica
n
t
w
ill b
e
in
f
o
r
m
ed
b
y
T
NB
.
Du
r
in
g
i
n
s
talla
tio
n
p
er
io
d
,
s
ev
er
al
s
tep
s
n
ee
d
to
b
e
ca
r
r
y
o
u
t
s
u
c
h
as
th
e
s
u
itab
il
it
y
o
f
th
e
m
eter
u
s
ed
.
I
f
it
i
s
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
NE
M
Sch
e
m
e,
t
h
e
ap
p
lican
ts
n
e
ed
to
p
r
ep
ar
e
f
o
r
th
e
d
ec
lar
atio
n
f
o
r
m
f
o
r
NE
M
C
o
n
tr
ac
ts
.
L
as
tl
y
,
t
h
e
ap
p
lican
t
n
ee
d
to
s
ig
n
o
f
f
th
e
co
n
tr
ac
t
o
f
NE
M
Sch
e
m
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
tat
io
n
an
d
ca
n
s
tar
t
to
u
s
e
P
V
u
n
d
er
NE
M
Sch
e
m
e.
3.
1.
2
.
P
V
M
o
un
t
i
ng
a
t
SK
P
i
nta
s
Ra
y
a
I
n
th
i
s
p
ar
t,
f
o
r
ass
e
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b
le
th
e
P
V
o
n
th
e
r
o
o
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,
it
n
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d
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ef
er
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r
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e
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r
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Fro
m
th
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i
s
i
s
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h
e
r
o
o
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p
lan
f
o
r
SK
P
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tas
R
a
y
a
B
lo
ck
A
f
o
r
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h
e
P
V
m
o
u
n
ti
n
g
p
u
r
p
o
s
e.
T
h
e
u
n
i
t
is
in
Me
ter
(
M)
.
T
h
e
P
V
I
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
d
esi
g
n
i
s
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
P
V
Mo
u
n
tin
g
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N:
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4752
F
ea
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tu
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f G
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ystem
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iti A
mely
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ma
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237
3.
1
.
3
.
Ca
lcula
t
io
n o
n P
V
M
o
du
les
T
h
is
p
ar
t
w
ill
d
i
s
cu
s
s
o
n
th
e
c
alcu
latio
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o
f
t
h
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tr
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s
ed
b
y
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a
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ar
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o
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m
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ar
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e
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ata
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llect
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o
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s
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ed
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ased
o
n
t
h
e
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tr
icit
y
b
ills
f
o
r
th
e
t
h
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co
n
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tiv
e
m
o
n
t
h
s
tar
tin
g
f
r
o
m
Ma
y
2
0
1
6
u
n
til
J
u
l
y
2
0
1
6
.
B
elo
w
ar
e
th
e
s
u
m
m
ar
y
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
n
th
l
y
elec
tr
icit
y
b
ill
s
o
f
SK P
in
ta
s
R
a
y
a
ac
ad
e
m
ic
b
u
i
ld
in
g
.
T
ab
le
3
.
Mo
n
th
l
y
E
lectr
icit
y
B
ills
N
o
M
o
n
t
h
(
2
0
1
6
)
B
i
l
l
s (RM
)
En
e
r
g
y
u
se
d
(
k
W
h
)
1
M
a
y
6
8
6
.
1
0
1
2
6
5
2
Ju
n
e
4
9
9
.
6
0
9
1
4
3
Ju
l
y
5
3
1
.
0
0
9
7
5
T
o
tal
en
e
r
g
y
u
s
ed
f
o
r
th
r
ee
m
o
n
th
s
ar
e:
Av
er
ag
e
E
n
er
g
y
Used
=
T
o
tal
E
n
er
g
y
Used
/ M
o
n
t
h
s
(
1
)
(
1265
+
914
+
975
)
3
⁄
=
1
0
5
1
k
W
h
Mo
n
th
l
y
a
v
er
ag
e
en
er
g
y
u
s
a
g
e
is
ap
p
r
o
x
i
m
atel
y
1
0
0
0
k
W
h
T
o
tal
en
er
g
y
u
s
e
d
e
v
er
y
d
a
y
b
y
SK P
in
ta
s
R
a
y
a:
Av
er
ag
e
E
n
er
g
y
Used
=
T
o
tal
E
n
er
g
y
Used
/ D
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s
(
2
)
1000
ℎ
31
=
32
.
26
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⁄
Dail
y
a
v
er
ag
e
e
n
er
g
y
u
s
ag
e
i
s
3
2
k
W
h
T
o
ca
lcu
late
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
o
lar
m
o
d
u
le
t
h
at
n
ee
d
to
b
e
u
s
e
d
in
t
h
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t,
th
e
s
o
lar
av
ai
lab
ilit
y
i
n
Ma
la
y
s
ia
n
ee
d
to
b
e
f
in
d
o
u
t.
Gen
er
all
y
,
s
u
n
li
g
h
t
is
av
ailab
l
e
at
n
o
o
n
an
d
ar
o
u
n
d
8
-
1
0
h
o
u
r
s
’
av
ailab
ilit
y
i
n
Ma
la
y
s
ia.
B
u
t,
it
i
s
n
o
t
o
p
er
ated
in
f
u
l
l
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
f
o
r
th
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
s
u
n
av
ailab
il
it
y
ti
m
e
an
d
j
u
s
t
ass
u
m
ed
to
3
.
7
5
h
o
u
r
s
as th
e
co
n
s
er
v
ati
v
e
v
alu
e.
I
n
th
i
s
p
r
o
j
ec
t,
f
e
w
s
tep
s
o
f
ca
lcu
latio
n
n
ee
d
to
b
e
d
o
n
e
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
s
o
f
m
o
d
u
l
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
.
AC
to
D
C
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
i
s
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
d
u
e
to
t
h
e
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
ed
o
f
D
C
c
u
r
r
en
t
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t
a
s
t
h
e
lo
ad
w
h
ile
t
h
e
s
o
lar
s
y
s
te
m
co
n
s
u
m
ed
th
e
A
C
c
u
r
r
en
t.
Firstl
y
,
t
h
e
AC
r
atin
g
ca
lcu
latio
n
is
n
ee
d
ed
b
ased
o
n
th
e
d
ata
to
co
n
v
er
t th
e
en
er
g
y
(
k
W
h
)
in
to
p
o
w
er
(
k
W
)
:
-
AC
r
atin
g
=
Av
er
ag
e
k
W
h
p
er
d
ay
/ a
v
er
ag
e
s
u
n
h
o
u
r
s
p
er
d
a
y
(
3
)
32
ℎ
3
.
75
ℎ
=
8
.
53
⁄
Nex
t,
t
h
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
o
f
f
er
ed
b
y
t
h
e
Mo
n
o
cr
y
s
tall
in
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
Su
-
Ka
m
So
lar
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
Mo
d
u
le
n
ee
d
to
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e
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o
g
n
ized
w
h
ic
h
is
1
2
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W
.
I
t
i
s
ca
lled
a
s
t
h
e
n
a
m
ep
late
r
ati
n
g
.
No
r
m
a
ll
y
,
i
n
a
n
y
t
y
p
es
o
f
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
th
er
e
w
ill
b
e
s
o
m
e
lo
s
s
es
o
cc
u
r
.
Sa
m
e
g
o
es
to
th
e
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
in
t
h
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
te
m
s
f
r
o
m
AC
p
o
w
er
to
D
C
p
o
w
er
.
T
h
e
l
o
s
s
es
o
r
r
ed
u
ce
o
f
p
o
w
er
i
s
ca
lled
as
Der
ate
Facto
r
w
h
ic
h
is
co
n
s
ta
n
tl
y
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0
%
o
r
0
.
8
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
in
ca
lcu
lati
n
g
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
in
D
C
,
t
h
e
DC
r
ati
n
g
is
s
h
o
w
n
in
E
q
u
at
io
n
4
:
DC
r
atin
g
=
A
C
r
ati
n
g
/ D
er
at
e
Facto
r
(
4
)
8
.
53
0
.
8
=
10
.
66
⁄
T
h
e
last
s
tep
in
th
i
s
ca
lc
u
latio
n
p
ar
t
is
to
ca
lc
u
late
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
m
o
d
u
le
s
.
T
o
d
eter
m
in
e
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
m
o
d
u
le
s
th
at
n
ee
d
to
b
e
u
s
e
d
,
th
e
f
o
r
m
u
la
n
ee
d
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
E
q
u
atio
n
5
:
-
Nu
m
b
er
o
f
Mo
d
u
le
s
=
DC
r
ati
n
g
/ M
o
d
u
le
R
ati
n
g
(
5
)
10
.
66
/
120
=
89
So
to
m
ak
e
it
ea
s
y
f
o
r
d
esig
n
,
8
9
s
o
lar
m
o
d
u
les
ar
e
n
ee
d
ed
to
s
u
p
p
ly
3
2
k
W
h
o
f
en
er
g
y
ev
er
y
d
a
y
.
Fro
m
th
i
s
ca
lcu
latio
n
,
f
u
r
t
h
er
an
al
y
s
is
o
n
th
e
o
t
h
er
p
r
o
j
ec
t
p
lan
n
in
g
ca
n
b
e
m
ad
e.
3.
1
.
4
.
Ca
lcula
t
io
n o
n Co
s
t
o
f
I
m
ple
m
ent
a
t
io
n
T
h
is
p
ar
t
w
ill
d
i
s
cu
s
s
o
n
t
h
e
t
o
tal
co
s
t
o
f
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ti
n
g
t
h
e
s
o
lar
p
an
el
i
n
SK
P
in
ta
s
R
a
y
a.
I
n
p
r
o
j
ec
t
p
lan
n
i
n
g
,
co
s
t
ca
lc
u
latio
n
is
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
a
s
it
w
ill
d
eter
m
in
e
t
h
e
b
u
d
g
et
n
ee
d
ed
to
co
m
p
lete
t
h
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
B
asicall
y
,
P
V
m
o
d
u
les
i
s
s
o
l
d
in
2
w
a
y
s
eit
h
er
ca
lcu
lated
p
r
ice
b
ased
o
n
w
at
t
o
r
an
o
t
h
er
o
n
e
i
s
th
e
f
i
x
ed
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2502
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l
.
11
,
No
.
1
,
J
u
ly
201
8
:
2
3
3
–
2
4
0
238
p
r
ice.
Fo
r
1
2
0
W
P
V
p
r
ice
p
er
w
a
tt,
o
n
e
(
1
)
w
att
o
f
p
o
w
er
s
o
ld
at
U
SD
1
g
lo
b
all
y
a
n
d
R
M
4
.
3
4
if
co
n
v
er
ted
in
to
Ma
la
y
s
ia
R
in
g
g
it.
S
o
th
e
co
s
t o
f
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
P
V
w
il
l b
e
ca
lcu
lated
.
USD
1
=
R
M
4
.
3
4
Mo
d
u
le
P
r
ice
=
P
r
ice
P
er
W
at
t
*
Mo
d
u
le
W
att
(
6
)
R
M
4
.
3
4
*
1
2
0
W
att
=
R
M
5
2
9
.
4
8
P
r
ice
=
R
M
5
3
0
.
0
0
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
m
o
d
u
les
n
ee
d
e
d
b
y
SK P
in
ta
s
R
a
y
a
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t th
e
elec
tr
icit
y
in
t
h
e
s
c
h
o
o
l i
s
8
9
s
o
lar
m
o
d
u
les.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e:
C
o
s
t f
o
r
Mo
d
u
les =
P
r
ice
P
er
Mo
d
u
le
*
Nu
m
b
er
o
f
Mo
d
u
les
(
7
)
R
M
5
3
0
*
8
9
m
o
d
u
les =
R
M
4
7
,
1
7
0
Oth
er
th
a
n
th
at,
ca
lc
u
latio
n
o
f
in
v
er
ter
an
d
in
s
tallatio
n
co
s
t
also
n
ee
d
to
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
.
T
h
e
co
s
t
f
o
r
w
ir
i
n
g
is
as
s
u
m
ed
to
b
e
5
% o
f
th
e
to
tal
m
o
d
u
le
co
s
t
w
h
ic
h
is
s
h
o
w
n
a
s
b
elo
w
:
Oth
er
C
o
s
t =
5
%
*
Mo
d
u
le
C
o
s
t
(
8
)
5
% x
R
M
4
7
,
1
7
0
=
R
M
2
3
5
9
So
,
it
ca
n
b
e
co
n
clu
d
ed
th
at
th
e
o
v
er
all
co
s
t
o
f
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
n
ee
d
ed
b
y
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
is
R
M
4
9
,
5
2
9
.
0
0
.
3
.
2
.
P
r
o
f
it
Ana
ly
s
is
E
co
n
o
m
ics
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
i
s
an
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
p
ar
t
in
P
V
p
r
o
j
ec
t
b
e
ca
u
s
e
it
is
a
n
i
n
d
icato
r
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t
r
ec
o
v
er
y
an
d
p
r
o
j
ec
t
p
r
o
f
it.
Sev
er
al
w
a
y
s
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
p
r
o
f
it
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
ject.
T
o
d
ete
r
m
i
n
e
th
e
p
r
o
f
itab
ili
t
y
o
f
a
P
V
p
r
o
j
e
ct,
s
o
m
e
m
et
h
o
d
s
ar
e
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
ed
w
h
ich
ar
e
p
a
y
b
ac
k
p
er
io
d
,
n
et
p
r
esen
t
v
alu
e,
n
e
t
ca
s
h
f
lo
w
(
N
C
F),
a
n
d
i
n
ter
n
al
r
ate
o
f
r
etu
r
n
(
I
R
R
)
[
1
6
]
.
I
n
th
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t,
o
n
l
y
p
a
y
b
ac
k
p
er
io
d
w
ill
b
e
u
s
ed
to
an
a
l
y
ze
t
h
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t
r
ec
o
v
er
y
an
d
m
a
n
u
all
y
ca
lc
u
latio
n
f
o
r
p
r
o
f
it
g
ai
n
b
ase
d
o
n
Sta
n
d
ar
d
T
est
C
o
n
d
itio
n
(
ST
C
)
ca
s
e
an
d
SK
P
in
tas R
a
y
a
ca
s
e.
P
ay
b
ac
k
p
er
io
d
is
d
ef
in
ed
as
t
h
e
y
ea
r
s
n
ee
d
ed
to
r
ec
o
v
er
th
e
in
itia
l c
o
s
t.
I
t is
g
o
o
d
to
h
av
e
a
p
r
o
j
ec
t
w
it
h
s
h
o
r
ter
p
a
y
b
ac
k
p
er
io
d
b
ec
au
s
e
t
h
e
i
n
v
e
s
to
r
ca
n
r
ec
o
v
er
th
e
ir
in
itial
co
s
t
in
s
h
o
r
ter
p
er
io
d
o
f
ti
m
e.
B
esid
es
th
a
t,
s
h
o
r
ter
p
a
y
b
ac
k
p
er
io
d
h
as
g
r
ea
ter
p
r
o
j
ec
t’
s
li
q
u
id
it
y
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
it
m
ak
e
s
a
p
r
o
j
ec
t
less
r
is
k
y
in
s
h
o
r
ter
p
er
io
d
c
o
m
p
ar
ed
to
a
d
is
tan
t ti
m
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
P
ay
b
ac
k
P
er
io
d
:
Av
er
ag
e
Mo
n
th
l
y
E
lectr
icit
y
C
h
ar
g
e
=
R
M
5
7
2
C
o
s
t f
o
r
S
y
s
te
m
=
R
M
4
9
,
5
2
9
.
0
0
P
ay
b
ac
k
=
C
o
s
t o
f
S
y
s
te
m
/
Av
er
ag
e
B
ills
(
9
)
R
M
4
9
,
5
2
9
/ RM
5
7
2
=
8
6
.
5
9
m
o
n
t
h
s
R
ec
o
v
er
y
p
er
io
d
is
8
7
m
o
n
th
s
Fro
m
th
e
p
a
y
b
ac
k
p
er
io
d
ca
lcu
latio
n
,
t
h
e
b
r
ea
k
-
ev
e
n
p
o
in
t
f
o
r
th
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t
is
87
m
o
n
t
h
s
.
So
it
n
ee
d
s
7
y
ea
r
s
an
d
3
m
o
n
t
h
s
t
o
r
ec
o
v
er
th
e
co
s
t
f
o
r
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
is
ca
lc
u
latio
n
s
h
o
w
n
th
e
p
ay
b
ac
k
p
er
io
d
n
ee
d
ed
b
y
t
h
e
s
ch
o
o
l
to
i
m
p
le
m
en
t
t
h
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
Nex
t,
in
ter
m
o
f
b
ill
s
s
a
v
in
g
s
,
t
h
e
a
v
er
ag
e
m
o
n
t
h
l
y
b
ills
co
llected
n
ee
d
t
o
b
e
an
aly
ze
b
ased
o
n
th
e
li
f
esp
an
o
f
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
an
d
f
u
r
t
h
er
d
is
cu
s
s
i
n
eq
u
atio
n
(
1
0
)
.
B
ills
Sav
i
n
g
:
Av
er
ag
e
Mo
n
th
l
y
E
lectr
icit
y
Sav
i
n
g
s
=
R
M
5
7
2
.
0
0
Av
er
ag
e
L
i
f
esp
a
n
o
f
Mo
n
o
cr
y
s
talli
n
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
=
2
0
y
ea
r
s
Sav
i
n
g
s
=
Mo
n
t
h
l
y
Sa
v
in
g
s
*
P
V
L
if
e
s
p
an
(
1
0
)
R
M
5
7
2
*
2
4
0
=
R
M
1
3
7
,
2
8
0
.
00
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
2
0
y
ea
r
s
,
it
i
s
ex
p
ec
ted
th
at
th
i
s
p
r
o
j
ec
t
w
ill
h
a
v
e
a
h
u
g
e
s
a
v
in
g
s
w
h
ic
h
is
R
M
1
3
7
,
2
8
0
.
Fro
m
th
e
s
av
i
n
g
,
th
e
p
r
o
f
it
g
ai
n
f
r
o
m
t
h
i
s
p
r
o
j
ec
t c
an
b
e
ca
lc
u
lated
as i
n
eq
u
atio
n
(
1
1
)
.
P
r
o
f
it Ga
in
b
y
SK P
in
ta
s
R
a
y
a
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
F
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
S
tu
d
y
o
f G
r
id
-
C
o
n
n
ec
ted
S
o
l
a
r
P
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
(
P
V
)
S
ystem
fo
r
P
r
i
ma
r
y
…
(
S
iti A
mely
Ju
ma
a
t
)
239
P
r
o
f
it =
Sav
in
g
s
–
P
V
S
y
s
te
m
C
o
s
t
(
1
1
)
R
M1
3
7
,
2
8
0
–
R
M
49
,
529
=
R
M
87
,
7
5
1
T
h
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t
is
ex
p
ec
ted
t
o
h
av
e
at
least
R
M
87
,7
51
o
f
s
av
i
n
g
s
f
r
o
m
p
a
y
i
n
g
th
e
elec
tr
ici
t
y
b
ills
af
ter
2
0
y
ea
r
s
.
So
th
is
i
s
a
g
o
o
d
p
r
o
j
ec
t
t
o
b
e
im
p
le
m
e
n
ted
to
th
e
co
m
m
er
cial
b
u
ild
i
n
g
(
s
c
h
o
o
l)
in
a
lo
n
g
ter
m
as
it sav
e
s
th
e
r
u
n
n
i
n
g
co
s
t o
f
th
e
elec
tr
icit
y
f
o
r
SK P
in
tas R
a
y
a
an
d
b
ec
o
m
e
a
p
r
o
f
it to
th
e
m
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
P
o
ten
tial
o
f
s
o
lar
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tat
io
n
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
1
2
0
W
Mo
n
o
cr
y
s
tal
lin
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
lt
aic
h
a
s
b
ee
n
p
r
esen
ted
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
.
A
s
th
e
co
n
clu
s
io
n
,
t
h
i
s
p
r
o
j
ec
t
h
av
e
p
r
esen
ted
t
h
e
s
tep
s
in
v
o
l
v
ed
in
p
r
o
j
ec
t
p
lan
n
i
n
g
o
f
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
i
m
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
at
s
ch
o
o
l.
Fro
m
t
h
e
s
tep
s
i
n
v
o
lv
ed
,
th
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t
h
av
e
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
th
e
d
esi
g
n
o
f
th
e
P
V
m
o
u
n
tin
g
o
n
th
e
r
o
o
f
.
Oth
er
t
h
an
th
at,
th
e
ca
lc
u
lat
i
o
n
o
f
i
n
itial
co
s
t
t
h
at
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
s
an
d
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tat
io
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
ca
r
r
y
o
u
t.
Fro
m
t
h
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
,
it
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
t
h
at
t
h
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t
n
ee
d
a
h
u
g
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
ca
p
ital
to
b
eg
in
th
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
A
lt
h
o
u
g
h
th
e
in
itial
c
o
s
t
is
h
u
g
e,
th
e
p
a
y
b
ac
k
p
er
io
d
is
also
b
ei
n
g
ca
lcu
lated
an
d
s
h
o
w
n
t
h
at
i
t
n
ee
d
at
least
7
y
ea
r
s
to
p
a
y
t
h
e
co
s
t
.
B
u
t,
th
e
li
f
e
s
p
an
o
f
th
e
P
V
m
o
d
u
le
m
a
k
e
th
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t
b
ec
o
m
e
b
en
e
f
icial
a
s
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
ca
n
u
s
e
t
h
e
elec
tr
icit
y
w
ith
o
u
t
b
ei
n
g
c
h
ar
g
ed
f
o
r
a
n
o
th
er
1
6
y
ea
r
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
f
ir
s
t
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
is
ac
h
iev
ed
.
Seco
n
d
l
y
,
t
h
e
p
r
o
f
it
an
al
y
s
i
s
a
ls
o
h
av
e
b
ee
n
ca
r
r
y
o
u
t
in
t
h
i
s
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
Oth
er
th
an
p
a
y
b
ac
k
p
er
io
d
,
th
e
p
r
o
f
i
t
g
ai
n
b
y
t
h
e
s
c
h
o
o
l
is
a
ls
o
b
ein
g
ca
lcu
la
ted
.
Fro
m
t
h
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
,
it
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
t
h
at
i
n
2
0
y
ea
r
s
o
f
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
,
th
e
s
c
h
o
o
l
ca
n
s
av
e
u
p
to
R
M
8
7
,
7
5
1
.
0
0
f
r
o
m
p
a
y
i
n
g
th
e
elec
tr
icit
y
b
ill
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
it
ca
n
b
e
co
n
clu
d
e
t
h
at
t
h
i
s
p
r
o
j
ec
t
is
b
ec
o
m
e
b
en
e
f
icial
i
n
a
lo
n
g
er
p
er
io
d
o
f
t
i
m
e.
So
,
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
is
ac
h
iev
ed
.
L
ast
l
y
,
th
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t c
an
b
e
d
o
n
e
in
t
h
e
f
u
tu
r
e
a
n
d
ac
h
ie
v
e
all
th
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
s
tated
ea
r
lier
o
f
th
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
it
ca
n
b
e
s
aid
th
at
t
h
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t
is
b
en
ef
icial
to
th
e
s
o
ciet
y
a
s
it
w
ill
co
u
n
ter
th
e
is
s
u
e
o
f
h
i
g
h
r
u
n
n
i
n
g
co
s
t o
f
elec
tr
icit
y
a
s
w
ell
a
s
o
v
er
co
m
e
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
lem
o
n
th
e
d
ep
letio
n
o
f
t
h
e
n
o
n
r
en
e
w
ab
le
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
ACK
NO
WL
E
D
G
E
M
E
NT
S
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
w
o
u
ld
lik
e
to
ac
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
th
e
R
e
s
ea
r
ch
Ma
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
C
en
ter
(
R
M
C
)
,
Un
i
v
er
s
iti
T
u
n
Hu
s
s
ei
n
On
n
Ma
l
y
s
ia
(
UT
H
M)
,
B
atu
P
ah
at,
J
o
h
o
r
,
Ma
la
y
s
ia
f
o
r
th
e
f
in
a
n
cial
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
o
f
th
is
s
ea
r
ch
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
is
p
ar
tl
y
b
y
R
M
C
u
n
d
er
th
e
U8
6
1
(
T
ie
r
1
)
Gr
an
t.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
H.
T
sa
i,
C.
T
u
,
a
n
d
Y.
S
u
.
“
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
G
e
n
e
ra
li
z
e
d
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
taic
M
o
d
e
l
Us
in
g
M
A
TL
A
B
/
S
i
m
u
li
n
k
”
.
W
o
rld
Co
n
g
re
ss
o
n
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
(
W
CECS
)
.
S
a
n
F
r
a
n
c
isc
o
.
2
0
0
8
:
6
[2
]
EP
U
,
T
h
e
M
a
la
y
sia
n
Eco
n
o
my
i
n
Fi
g
u
re
s
2
0
1
6
.
Eco
n
o
m
ic
P
lan
n
in
g
Un
it
,
P
rim
e
M
in
ister
De
p
t.
Re
p
o
rt
N
o
:
1
.
2
0
1
6
.
[3
]
A
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
Ba
g
h
e
r,
“
Ty
p
e
s
o
f
S
o
lar
Ce
ll
s
a
n
d
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
”
,
A
me
ric
a
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Op
ti
c
s
a
n
d
P
h
o
t
o
n
ics
.
2
0
1
5
;
3
(5
):
9
4
.
[4
]
V
.
V
e
d
a
n
a
y
a
k
a
m
,
“
A
d
e
tailed
M
ATLA
B
m
o
d
e
li
n
g
o
f
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic
M
o
d
u
le
”
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
In
d
u
stria
l
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
El
e
c
trica
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
.
2
0
1
6
;
4
(
1
0
).
[5
]
N.
A
b
d
,
H.
W
o
o
i
,
J.S
e
lv
a
ra
j,
“
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
o
f
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic
M
o
d
u
le
u
sin
g
M
A
TL
A
B
S
i
m
u
li
n
k
”
.
T
h
e
3
rd
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
S
u
st
a
in
a
b
le F
u
t
u
re
fo
r H
u
ma
n
S
e
c
u
rity
.
2
0
1
3
.
[6
]
F
.
G
o
n
z
a
lez
-
L
o
n
g
a
tt
,
“
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
o
f
P
h
o
to
v
o
l
taic
in
M
A
TL
A
B
”
.
2
nd
Co
n
g
re
ss
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l,
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
a
n
d
Co
mp
u
t
in
g
.
2
0
0
5
:
6
.
[7
]
M
.
Ja
in
,
N.
Ra
m
te
k
e
,
“
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
a
n
d
S
im
u
latio
n
o
f
S
o
lar
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
taic
M
o
d
u
le
”
.
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
S
c
ien
ti
fi
c
a
n
d
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
Res
e
a
rc
h
.
2
0
1
3
;
1
5
(
5
):
2
7
-
34.
[8
]
H.
Be
ll
ia.
“
A
d
e
tailed
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
o
f
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic
M
o
d
u
le
Us
in
g
M
AT
LAB
”
.
NRIA
G
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Astro
n
o
my
a
n
d
Ge
o
p
h
y
sic
s.
2
0
1
4
;
3
[9
]
C.
Qi,
Z.
M
in
g
,
“
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic
M
o
d
u
le
S
im
u
li
n
k
M
o
d
e
l
f
o
r
S
tan
d
A
lo
n
e
P
V
S
y
ste
m
”
.
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Ap
p
li
e
d
P
h
y
sic
s a
n
d
In
d
u
stri
a
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
.
2
0
1
2
.
[1
0
]
K.
Na
k
a
g
a
w
a
,
T
.
T
a
n
a
k
a
,
T
.
S
u
z
u
k
i,
“
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
o
f
P
h
o
to
v
o
l
taic
M
o
d
u
le
Us
in
g
M
A
TL
A
B
S
im
u
li
n
k
”
.
IOP
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
S
e
rie
s: M
a
ter
ia
ls
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
.
2
0
1
6
.
[1
1
]
S
.
A
,
Ju
m
a
a
t,
F
.
Cro
c
k
e
r,
“
In
v
e
sti
g
a
te
th
e
P
h
o
to
v
o
l
taic
(P
V
)
M
o
d
u
le
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
u
sin
g
A
rti
f
icia
l
N
e
u
ra
l
Ne
tw
o
r
k
(A
NN
)
”
.
IEE
E
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
O
p
e
n
S
y
ste
ms
(
ICOS
)
.
L
a
n
g
k
a
w
i.
2
0
1
6
.
[1
2
]
S
.
S
h
e
ik
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
,
“
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
a
n
d
S
im
u
latio
n
o
f
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic
m
o
d
u
le
u
sin
g
M
A
TL
A
B
/
S
i
m
u
li
n
k
”
.
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Ch
e
mic
a
l
a
n
d
En
v
iro
n
me
n
ta
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
.
2
0
1
1
;
2
(5
)
.
[1
3
]
J.
P
a
tel,
G
.
S
h
a
rm
a
,
“
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
a
n
d
S
im
u
latio
n
o
f
S
o
lar
P
h
o
to
v
o
lt
a
i
c
M
o
d
u
le
u
sin
g
M
A
TL
A
B
/
S
i
m
u
li
n
k
”
.
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Res
e
a
rc
h
in
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
.
2
0
1
3
;
2
2
5
-
2
2
8
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2502
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l
.
11
,
No
.
1
,
J
u
ly
201
8
:
2
3
3
–
2
4
0
240
[1
4
]
Am
e
rica
n
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
S
tan
d
a
rd
.
P
I9
9
-
0
0
1
-
2
0
0
4
.
In
tr
o
d
u
c
ti
o
n
to
Pro
j
e
c
t
M
a
n
a
g
e
me
n
t.
[1
5
]
En
e
rg
y
Co
m
m
issio
n
S
tan
d
a
rd
.
S
T
No
.
4
/2
0
1
6
.
G
u
id
e
li
n
e
s
fo
r
S
o
l
a
r
Ph
o
to
v
o
lt
a
ic
In
sta
ll
a
t
io
n
o
n
Ne
t
E
n
e
rg
y
M
e
ter
in
g
S
c
h
e
me
.
S
T
P
re
ss
;
2
0
1
6
.
[1
6
]
T
.
S
.
On
g
,
C.
H.
T
h
u
m
,
“
Ne
t
P
re
se
n
t
V
a
lu
e
a
n
d
P
a
y
b
a
c
k
P
e
rio
d
f
o
r
Bu
il
d
in
g
In
teg
ra
ted
P
h
o
to
v
o
l
taic
P
ro
jec
ts
i
n
M
a
la
y
sia
”
.
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Aca
d
e
mic
Res
e
a
rc
h
in
Bu
si
n
e
ss
a
n
d
S
o
c
ia
l
S
c
ien
c
e
.
2
0
1
3
;
3
(2
)
:
1
5
3
-
1
7
1
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.