TELKOM
NIKA Indonesia
n
Journal of
Electrical En
gineering
Vol.12, No.5, May 2014, pp
. 3642 ~ 36
4
8
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomni
ka.v12i5.5112
3642
Re
cei
v
ed
No
vem
ber 1
1
, 2013; Re
vi
sed
De
cem
ber 1
4
,
2013; Accep
t
ed Jan
uary 2
,
2014
Power System Planning and Analysis Data Model
Resear
ch
Zhanfeng Ca
o*
1
, Jian Zhang
2
, He Hao
1
, Xinghua Zhou
3
1
Beijin
g chi
na-
po
w
e
r informat
i
on tech
no
log
y
CO. L
T
D., China
2
State Grid Corporati
on of Ch
i
na, Chi
n
a
3
Beijin
g Joi
n
Bright Di
gital El
e
c
tric Po
w
e
r T
e
chno
log
y
CO. LT
D., China
*Corres
p
o
ndi
n
g
author, e-ma
i
l
: caozf201
3@
163.com
A
b
st
r
a
ct
Power system planning is acco
rding to the dem
a
nd
of the social and econom
ic dev
elopm
ent
,
ener
gy res
ourc
e
s an
d l
o
a
d
d
i
s
t
ributio
n, deter
mi
ne th
e re
aso
nab
le
pow
er st
ructure a
n
d
strategy. Pow
e
r
g
r
id
voltag
e gra
de, transmissio
n
mode a
nd re
aso
nab
le spac
e
truss structure, etc. Al
thoug
h a
large n
u
mber
of
literatur
e h
a
ve
studie
d
var
i
o
u
s asp
e
cts of
the pow
er
pla
nni
ng, b
u
t th
e
r
e are f
e
w
lite
r
atures o
n
p
o
w
er
system p
l
a
nni
n
g
co
mpr
ehe
nsi
v
e study,
an
d j
u
st theoretic
al
ana
lysis, use
l
e
ss for practical
app
licati
on. Thi
s
pap
er a
naly
z
e
s
the l
oad f
o
re
casting
of pow
er syste
m
pl
an
nin
g
, eva
l
uati
o
n of p
o
w
e
r gri
d
an
d ec
on
o
m
ic
eval
uatio
n, giv
e
s the basic d
a
ta nee
de
d for the analys
is a
nd calc
ulati
on,
and pr
ov
id
es theor
etical g
u
i
d
anc
e
for the actual p
l
an
nin
g
w
o
rk.
Ke
y
w
ords
:
power system
planning, lo
ad for
e
casting, grid a
ssessment, ec
onomic analysis
Copy
right
©
2014 In
stitu
t
e o
f
Ad
van
ced
En
g
i
n
eerin
g and
Scien
ce. All
rig
h
t
s reser
ve
d
.
1. Introduc
tion
It is only
through
the
ba
sic con
s
tru
c
ti
on of
ele
c
tri
c
p
o
wer ind
u
stry, g
r
o
w
in
g po
we
r
system pl
ann
ing to sovle t
he que
stion t
hat use
r
s’
growin
g dema
n
d
for ele
c
tri
c
ity. To satisfy the
need of the national econo
my developm
ent, powe
r
i
ndustry mu
st come first, so
makin
g
a goo
d
prep
aration f
o
r the
p
r
op
h
a
se
of p
o
we
r en
gine
erin
g
co
nstructio
n
,
impleme
n
ting the
ge
nerate
electri
c
ity, se
nd ele
c
tri
c
ity, sub
s
tation o
n
tol
ogy engi
n
eerin
g con
s
truction
con
d
itions,
coo
r
din
a
t
e
the co
nst
r
u
c
tion sch
edul
e
,
optimizin
g
the de
sign
schem
e, is p
a
rticul
arly
sig
n
ificant. Po
wer
system pla
n
n
i
ng is an imp
o
rtant part of electri
c
po
we
r engin
eeri
n
g
proph
ase wo
rk, is abo
ut the
overall pl
anni
ng of sin
g
le
ontology en
gi
neeri
ng d
e
si
g
n
, is the gui
d
e
line
s
and
principl
es fo
r th
e
impleme
n
tation of spe
c
ific
proje
c
ts, is a
strategi
c work [1].
Powe
r syste
m
plannin
g
by t
he powe
r
system l
o
a
d
fore
ca
sting
,
supply plan
ning an
d
netwo
rk pla
n
n
ing
stru
ctu
r
e, po
wer loa
d
fore
ca
sting
is th
e b
a
si
s for p
o
wer system pla
nni
ng,
whi
c
h
provid
es
ele
c
tri
c
ity deman
d g
r
o
w
th
con
d
ition
s
, the
loa
d
curve
and
loa
d
di
strib
u
tion.
To
make the g
r
i
d
con
s
tru
c
tio
n
to adapt to soci
al devel
opment an
d their o
w
n dev
elopme
n
t ne
eds,
you mu
st
sel
e
ct the
p
r
op
e
r
pl
annin
g
progra
m
, so
ne
twork plan
nin
g
an
d
e
c
o
n
o
m
ic evaluatio
n
of
prog
ram eval
uation gri
d
co
nstru
c
tion i
s
an impo
rtant task before [2].
It is acco
rdin
g to the
spa
c
e dime
nsi
on
and time
dim
ensi
on, the
e
quipme
n
t dim
ensi
o
n
s
,
con
s
trai
nts
a
nd optimi
z
ati
on ind
e
x dim
ensi
on to
cla
ssify po
we
r
system pla
nni
ng, And
com
b
ining
with the plan
ning metho
d
dimen
s
ion, th
e requi
re
d da
ta can be g
a
i
ned. Althoug
h there a
r
e lo
ts of
resea
r
ch literature o
n
all a
s
pe
ct
s of the
power
syste
m
plannin
g
, b
u
t the research literature ab
out
basi
c
data
th
at po
we
r
syst
em pl
annin
g
overall
ca
lcul
ation a
n
d
ana
lysis
nee
ds a
r
e ve
ry fe
w, a
n
d
the lack of practicality. According to th
e above
p
r
ob
lem, this arti
cle ha
s
carri
ed on the
co
ver,
according to
five dimensi
o
ns of the p
o
w
er
gri
d
plan
ning an
alysi
s
, analyze
s
th
ree p
a
rt
s of the
power
syste
m
planni
ng b
u
sin
e
ss: po
wer loa
d
fore
casting, p
o
we
r grid evalu
a
tion and
econ
omic
analysi
s
, and
gives the ba
si
c data for
cal
c
ulatio
n and
appli
c
ation.
2. Po
w
e
r
Load
Foreca
sting
Powe
r load f
o
re
ca
sting i
s
an impo
rtant part of
po
we
r system pla
n
n
ing, also is t
he ba
sis
of po
wer sy
stems e
c
o
nom
ical
ope
ration
, at any
time,
load fo
re
ca
st is extre
m
el
y importa
nt for
power sy
ste
m
plannin
g
a
nd ope
ration.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
Powe
r Syste
m
Planning and Analysi
s
Data Model Re
sea
r
ch (Zh
a
n
f
eng Ca
o)
3643
Powe
r load fore
ca
sting se
ts power loa
d
core to a se
ries fore
ca
st work, from th
e point of
predi
ction
obj
ects, it i
n
clu
des the futu
re ele
c
tr
i
c
ity deman
d fo
re
ca
st an
d the
future
ele
c
tricity
predi
ction
foreca
st an
d th
e predi
ction
of the loa
d
c
u
rv
e
cha
r
a
c
t
e
rist
i
cs.
Main
wo
rk
is t
o
pr
edic
t
the future po
wer lo
ad time
distributio
n a
nd sp
ace
di
st
ribution, to provide deci
s
io
n-ma
kin
g
basis
for the relia
bil
i
ty of
the power sy
stem pla
nning a
nd op
eration [2
-3].
Acco
rdi
ng to
the time
dime
nsio
n, po
we
r
load fo
re
ca
sting n
eed
s th
e
followi
ng five
kin
d
s
of load fore
ca
sting:
1) Me
et u
s
er rep
o
rting
re
quire
ment
s. Very
specifi
c
req
u
ire
m
ent
s, meet th
e
next six
months to 2 y
ears ne
w loa
d
requi
rem
e
n
t
s.
2) T
he
sh
ort-t
e
rm l
oad
fore
ca
sting.Time
limit is
1~
5 ye
a
r
s
,
it ma
in
ly s
e
r
v
ic
es
for e
l
ec
tr
ic
power syste
m
plan
ning, esp
e
ci
ally
distribution
network pla
nnin
g
, and
is ve
ry i
m
porta
nt for
th
e
cap
a
city expa
nsio
n and
pla
nning of
di
stri
bution net
wo
rk.Com
binin
g
wi
th the spati
a
l dimen
s
ion,
it
can b
e
divide
d into the total load fore
ca
sting and
spati
a
l load fore
ca
sting.
Total load fo
reca
sting i
s
fo
recastin
g st
ra
tegy is to po
wer th
e enti
r
e plan
ning a
r
ea an
d
the load a
s
a
predi
ctor of t
he obje
c
t, the re
sult
determines th
e future of the en
tire su
pply area
and th
e future dem
and
for ele
c
tricity in
the tota
l ele
c
tricity su
pply
throug
hout th
e supply a
r
e
a
.
The meth
od
s includ
e the
total elasti
c coeffici
ent predictio
n met
hod, time se
ries,
reg
r
e
ssi
on
analysi
s
, g
r
a
y
predi
ction
method, fu
zzy predi
cti
on method,
exp
e
rts pre
d
ict, artificial neu
ral
netwo
rks.
Spatial loa
d
forecastin
g i
s
the total a
m
ount all
o
ca
ted to the
p
o
we
r lo
ad fo
recastin
g
pro
c
e
ss a
r
e
a
, mainly in the following three pha
se
s:
a.
spatial info
rm
ation Coll
ecti
on
b. land-use
de
ci
sion
s
c.
load growth f
o
re
ca
sts
Spatial load
foreca
sting
methods a
r
e:
load den
sity, analogy to pass da
ta base
d
predi
ction m
e
thod, evolutio
n proje
c
tion
s.
3) Medi
um-te
r
m load forecasting.Predi
cting per
i
od is
5~1
0
years a
nd set year
as the
predi
ction
un
it, the mediu
m
-term fo
re
cast pe
riod i
s
in line with
power e
ngi
neeri
ng p
r
oje
c
t
con
s
tru
c
tion
perio
d, theref
ore, the dea
dline fore
ca
st is very important for the
electri
c
po
wer
planni
ng
dep
artment
s, a
c
cordin
g to
the
predi
ction
re
sults.
Ma
king
plan
of
po
wer tran
smi
ssi
on
and di
stri
buti
on p
r
oje
c
t co
nstru
c
tion
is
cru
c
ial
for
po
wer gri
d
pl
an
ning, capa
cit
y
expansi
on
and
recon
s
tru
c
tio
n
work an
d is one of the im
portant work
of electri
c
po
wer pl
anni
ng.
4) Lo
ng
-term
load foreca
sting. Fo
re
ca
st peri
od i
s
10~30 yea
r
s and
set yea
r
as th
e
predi
ction
uni
t. The fore
ca
st is
strate
gic planni
ng, including th
e ge
neratio
n of lo
ng-te
rm de
m
and
for ene
rgy re
sou
r
ces i
s
e
s
timated to d
e
termin
e the
strategi
c o
b
jectives of th
e elect
r
ic p
o
w
e
r
indu
stry, ele
c
tric p
o
wer d
e
v
elopment
of new
te
ch
nolo
g
y and te
chn
o
logy devel
o
p
ment pl
anni
ng,
and the devel
opment of lon
g
-term
elect
r
i
c
ity
demand
on the estima
tion of the total funds.
5) M
eet
saturated lo
ad
req
u
irem
ents. It i
s
u
s
u
a
lly nee
d to e
s
timate
the condition
after 3
0
years fo
r ne
w urban
are
a
,
for the mat
u
re a
r
e
a
, it
has b
een
satu
rated, the
r
efo
r
e, wh
en p
e
o
p
le
estimate the
area lo
ad limi
t, the proce
ss can be n
o
t preci
s
e.
Load forecasting based d
a
ta, includi
ng
econ
omic, social a
nd nat
ural cli
m
ate
data, the
highe
r the pl
annin
g
are
a
netwo
rk pl
an
ning load fo
re
ca
sting resu
lts of histori
c
al annual lo
a
d
and
cap
a
city
dat
a.
Grid plan
ning sho
u
ld accumul
a
te
and u
s
e
of
stand
ard
loa
d
s a
nd el
ect
r
icity
histori
c
al
se
ri
es of data a
s
a basi
s
for foreca
sting.
Acco
rdi
ng to the spatial dimen
s
ion, L
oad fore
ca
st
is divided in
to total load forecast,
spatial
loa
d
f
o
re
ca
sting. T
he b
a
si
s data
that
p
o
wer system lo
ad fo
recastin
g
nee
ds
are
sho
w
n
i
n
Table 1. In which time dim
ensi
on an
d space dimen
s
i
on are
c
o
m
prehen
sive con
s
ide
r
ed.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 12, No. 5, May 2014: 3642 – 36
48
3644
Table 1. Power Loa
d Fore
ca
sting Data Colle
ction
Da
ta
Spacedimension Time
dimensi
on
data requir
ed to
collect
The total
load forecasting
Ultra short-t
e
rm
load forecasting
1 electricity
cons
umption of i
ndustriesandproducts output
value
2 the t
y
pical dail
y
load curve, t
y
pical monthl
y
load curve
3 population and
economic data, incl
uding GDP, p
opulation, the 12
3
productionvaluep
roportions,
po
we
r consumptionpr
oportion of 12
3 industries,
residents and the
government
4the data of local
po
w
e
r a
nd ma
ximum load.
Short-te
rm load
for
e
casting
1 electricity
cons
umption of i
ndustriesandproducts output
value
2 the t
y
pical
y
e
ar
ly
load cu
rve
3 population and
economic data, incl
uding GDP, p
opulation, the 12
3
productionvaluep
roportions,p
o
w
er
consumptionpro
portion of 123 in
dustries,
residents and the
government
4the data of local
po
w
e
r a
nd ma
ximum load.
Medium term loa
d
for
e
casting
Same as above
data
Long term load
for
e
casting
1 electricity
cons
umption of i
ndustriesandproducts output
value
2 the t
y
pical
y
e
ar
ly
load cu
rve
3 population and
economic data, incl
uding GDP, p
opulation, the 12
3
productionvaluep
roportions,
po
we
r consumptionpr
oportion of 12
3 industries,
residents and the
government
4the data of local
po
w
e
r a
nd ma
ximum load.
5 National econo
mic policy
6 Electrical characterist
ics of
various industries
The saturat
ed
area load
for
e
casting
1 population and
economic data, incl
uding GDP, p
opulation, the 12
3
productionvaluep
roportions,
po
we
r consumptionpr
oportion of 12
3 industries,
residents and the
government
2the data of local
po
w
e
r a
nd ma
ximum load.
3 National econo
mic policy
4 Electrical characterist
ics of
various industries
Spatial load
for
e
casting
Ultra short-t
e
rm
load forecasting
1 The cur
r
ent po
w
e
r and m
a
ximu
m load ofeach communit
y
2 each communityelectricity
rate t
hat
po
w
e
r consumptionat the sam
e
time
3 Spatial infor
m
ation collection
4 Land decision-making
5 The load de
nsity of all kinds of land
Short-te
rm load
for
e
casting
1 The
composition description of
ne
w
communitie
s
: population, co
mmercial,
industrial, residential, municipal planning area a
nd
scale
2 Local meteo
r
ological and geog
r
aphical data: the
highest tempe
r
a
t
ure, th
e
low
e
st temp
eratu
r
e, latitude and lo
ngitude
3 Model commu
nity population,
commercial,
industrial, residential, municipal
area, scale
4 Model commun
i
ty
t
o
tal load and
po
w
e
r consumpti
on data
5 Model commun
i
ty
classificati
on
po
w
e
r consumpti
onand load data
6 Model commun
i
ty
m
e
teorologica
l and geograp
hical data
Medium term loa
d
for
e
casting
1 More than 5 years mark load
historical data: the highest loa
d
, pow
e
r
electricity
,
annua
l peak load,
month po
w
e
r consum
ption
2 More than
t
w
o consecutive
y
ears dail
y
m
a
ximum load a
nd po
w
e
r
consumption
3More than t
w
o consecutive y
ear
s acti
ve load and reactive load
daily
curv
e
that has 96 nod
es
Long term load
for
e
casting
1 The cur
r
ent po
w
e
r and m
a
ximu
m load of each communit
y
2 each communityelectricity
rate t
hat
po
w
e
r consumptionat the sam
e
time
3 Spatial infor
m
ation collection
4 Land decision-making
5 The load de
nsity of all kinds of land
6 The count
r
y
's e
c
onomic policy
7 The municipal planning for a lon
g
time
8 Digital map
9 The status quo
map
10 the sample da
ta that can be an
alog
y
The saturat
ed
areaload
for
e
casting
1 The cur
r
ent po
w
e
r and m
a
ximu
m load of each communit
y
2 each communityelectricity
rate t
hat
po
w
e
r consumptionat the sam
e
time
3 Spatial infor
m
ation collection
4 Land decision-making
5 The load de
nsity of all kinds of land
3. Grid
Ass
ess
ment
The a
s
sessment witho
u
t con
s
id
er p
o
w
er
plant
s is grid eval
uati
on, the pu
rp
ose i
s
to
identify the wea
k
lin
ks o
f
the system
, these w
e
a
k
links a
r
e
spe
c
ific p
r
obl
ems that po
wer
planni
ng nee
d to solve, Evaluation p
r
ovi
des a h
euri
s
ti
c goal
s for po
wer pl
anni
ng
[5-7].
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
Powe
r Syste
m
Planning and Analysi
s
Data Model Re
sea
r
ch (Zh
a
n
f
eng Ca
o)
3645
Evaluationg
ridincl
uded
bal
ance of
electric p
o
wer a
nd e
nergy, powerflo
w
calcul
ation,
sho
r
t circuit l
e
velanaly
s
is,
Opti
mal Power Flo
w
,Stability analysis.
The b
a
lan
c
e
of ele
c
tri
c
power
and
e
nergy i
s
to
determi
ne th
e level of
a
dditional
sub
s
tation
ca
pacity plan
ni
ng ba
sed p
r
i
m
arily on si
ze. Should be
partitioned,
divided volta
g
e
level, sub-an
nual proceed
and con
s
id
er a variet
y of new ene
rgy, electric v
ehicl
es, ene
rgy
stora
ge devices and
othe
r effects.
Poi
n
ts sho
u
ld
be
combine
d
with
bala
n
ced vol
t
age p
o
wer l
o
ad
forecastin
g result
s and th
e existing su
bstation
cap
a
c
ity to determine the voltage level re
q
u
ired
for the new
subs
tation c
apac
i
ty.
The p
o
wer fl
ow
cal
c
ulatio
n is
ba
sed
o
n
the given
o
p
e
rating
condi
tions a
nd
det
ermin
e
s
the topolo
g
y ofthe network runni
ng
statu
s
, po
wer
su
p
p
ly cap
a
city i
s
che
c
ked, lin
e loss a
nalysi
s
,
sho
r
t-circuit
curre
n
t cal
c
u
l
ation, the level of
secu
ri
ty of supply, reliability calcul
ation
s
a
n
d
rea
c
tive plan
ning ba
sis fo
r the cal
c
ulati
on. Sha
ll typical way for pl
annin
g
hori
z
o
n
of more than
35kV
po
we
r f
l
ow
cal
c
ul
atio
n. 10
kV p
o
wer flo
w
cal
c
ul
ation a
c
co
rdi
ng to
zoni
ng,
sub
s
tation
o
r
line
comp
ute nod
e to node or
equivalent.
Short-circuit
curre
n
t cal
c
ulation flow
throug
h the netwo
rk topolo
g
y anal
ysis an
d
cal
c
ulate
d
th
e voltage l
e
vel of the
nod
e an
d ea
ch
b
r
an
ch i
m
ped
a
n
ce
and
ad
mi
ttance, a
nd t
hen
sho
r
t-circuit
curre
n
t calcu
l
ation in
po
wer
sy
stem
planni
ng
and
de
sign
sta
g
e, is
gen
era
lly
cal
c
ulate
d
ov
er th
e next
1
0
years or so
maximum
operating mo
de singl
e-p
h
ase
thre
e-ph
ase
sho
r
t-circuit and sho
r
t
ci
rcuit
current zero
sec
ond
s, the repla
c
ement of
the
existing
circuit
brea
ke
rs sh
a
ll be exce
ssi
ve Shihai year pe
riod.
Th
e purp
o
se of the sho
r
t ci
rcuit
current
is
cal
c
ulate
d
by analyzin
g th
e sh
ort-circui
t current
an
d
sho
r
t ci
rcuit
cal
c
ulation
grid
cap
a
city
to
evaluate the
powe
r
g
r
id
stru
cture is rea
s
on
abl
e,
Main Wi
rin
g
Form
s
su
bstation el
ectrical
equipm
ent as well as a rea
s
on
able
sele
ction, etc., in
orde
r to limit th
e sho
r
t circuit
current of the
grid to take m
easure
s
to provide a ba
sis.
Rea
c
tive po
wer
comp
en
sat
i
on optimi
z
ati
on is
safe an
d econo
mic
o
peratio
n of th
e po
we
r
system i
s
an
importa
nt co
mpone
nt. Re
active plan
ni
ng purpo
se
s of the calc
ula
t
ion of the power
system po
we
r throug
h the
rational allo
cation and
opt
imal rea
c
tive load co
mpe
n
s
ation, not o
n
ly
to maintai
n
v
o
ltage
stabilit
y and
imp
r
ov
e sy
stem
st
a
b
ility, but al
so can
re
du
ce
the
active
po
wer
loss a
nd
re
a
c
tive net
wo
rk losse
s
,
so
that the
po
we
r
system
is capabl
e of
saf
e
an
d e
c
o
n
o
m
ic
operation.Re
active Po
wer Optimization
of analy
s
is,
to be
com
b
ined
with th
e nod
e volta
ge
toleran
c
e
ran
ge, the node
powe
r
facto
r
requi
re
me
nts, tran
sform
e
rs, re
active p
o
we
r equi
pm
ent
and lin
es an
d
other eq
uipm
ent pa
ram
e
te
rs
and
the
different
ope
rati
ng mo
de
s of t
he loa
d
level,
a
large l
oad i
s
calculated i
n
acco
rda
n
ce with t
he total cap
a
city
of reactive
power d
e
ma
nd,
cal
c
ulate
d
in acco
rd
an
ce
with a sma
ll load rea
c
tive powe
r
co
mpen
sation
device g
r
ou
p
i
ng
cap
a
city to meet the minim
u
m investme
nt in equipme
n
t or rea
c
tive minimum net
work lo
ss g
o
a
l
s.
Stability anal
ysis i
s
ba
sed
on th
e requi
rements
of th
e po
we
r
syst
em of the
various fault
con
d
ition
s
a
r
e si
mulate
d
and a
nalyzed to dete
r
mine the m
a
in po
we
r system stabili
ty
characteri
stics and stable
level. Because many
factors affecting
stabilit
y in the power
system
planni
ng can
only
sim
p
le consi
deration.
Stability
anal
ys
is
of multi-fl
ow
cal
c
ul
atio
n is ba
se
d o
n
the
basi
s
of the result
s ca
rri
ed out, stabi
lity analysis
inclu
de: power syste
m
transi
ent stabil
i
ty,
voltage
stabil
i
ty calculation
s
a
nd f
r
equ
e
n
cy
stabilit
y
cal
c
ulatio
n. At the pla
nnin
g
sta
ge to
se
nd
the available
computin
g p
o
we
r tran
smi
ssi
on li
ne by
the end of the high volta
ge bu
s voltage
vector an
gle
betwe
en the method
s to approxim
ate
the system
stability. Throu
gh a variety of
stability calculation, verifi
cation
of the
acce
ss syst
em
can be operati
ng pa
ramete
rs
of the
prog
ram m
e
e
t
s the req
u
ire
m
ents of sta
b
l
e operation.
Blackout acci
dent preve
n
tion need
s fro
m
planning, operation,
m
anag
ement a
nd other
asp
e
ct
s of ef
fective mea
s
ure
s
[4]. Plen
ty of sp
a
r
e
capa
city and
a re
asona
ble
grid
structu
r
e is
safe an
d sta
b
le ope
ration
of the powe
r
system
ba
se
d on strength
ening the u
n
i
t
y of the powe
r
sup
p
ly and p
o
we
r grid pl
a
nning an
d co
nstru
c
tion,
fro
m
the source
to protect the powe
r
syst
em
se
curity. In a
ddition, safety assessme
n
t
and a
cci
de
nt anticip
atio
n analy
s
is, ti
mely detectio
n
of
the we
ak lin
ks in th
e
syste
m
, do a
goo
d
job a
c
cide
nt
plan, to p
r
ev
ent large-scal
e bla
c
kouts a
r
e
also v
e
ry
import
ant
.
P
o
w
e
r
sy
st
e
m
ri
sk
as
ses
s
m
ent
typically incl
ude
s the foll
owin
g aspe
cts: 1
Model to d
e
te
rmine th
e be
st outage; 2 S
e
lect the
syst
em statu
s
an
d cal
c
ul
ate th
eir p
r
ob
ability; 3
Asse
ss the consequ
en
ce
s of the select
ed
state; 4 ca
lculate ri
sk in
dicato
rs.
Based o
n
the powe
r
sy
stem planni
ng four dimen
s
io
ns, this pap
e
r
makes po
wer gri
d
s
evaluation i
n
to several
sp
ecie
s, a
nd in
trodu
ce
s the
several
kind
s of combin
ation respe
c
tively,
the spe
c
ific
contents a
r
e shown in Tabl
e 2.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 12, No. 5, May 2014: 3642 – 36
48
3646
Table 2. Power Balan
c
e A
nalysi
s
Sheet
Balance of electric pow
e
r
and energ
y
Power Flo
w
calc
ulation
Opti
mal
P
o
wer
Fl
ow
Gene
rator
1 The capacit
y
of
generato
r
and vol
t
age level
2 Output
of the g
enerato
r
3 Gene
rator
forc
ed
shutdo
w
n
rat
e
pa
rameter
1 The capacit
y
of
generato
r
and
voltage level
2. Output
of the
generato
r
3. Candidate bal
ancing machine
4 The unit tr
ansient reactance
1. The capacit
y
o
f
generato
r
and
voltage level
2 .Output
of the
generato
r
3 .Output
of the
generato
r
limits
4. Candidatebala
n
cingmachine
Equivalentsource
1. The nod
e load
sizes
thatthe load is maximum
2. Each nodeloa
d sizesat
sever
a
l times
3. T
y
pical da
y 96
points
curves of each node load
or ever
y da
y 96
points
curves througho
ut the
year
1.S
y
stem output
and voltage
levels
2.
S
y
stem outputli
mit
3. Candidate bal
ancing machine
4.
S
y
stemequivalent impedance
1.S
y
stem output
and voltage
levels
2.
S
y
stem outputli
mit
3. Candidate bal
ancing machine
4.
S
y
stemequivalent impedance
Main transforme
r
1 Maintransform
er
capacity
an
d voltage level
2 Three
sides of main
transforme
rreact
ance and
nodes
1 Main transform
er capacit
y
and
voltage level
2 Threesidesofm
a
intransforme
r
reactance and n
odes
3 Themaintr
ansformer
resistance
4 Main transform
er tap and
the
gear ratio
5 Main transform
erconnection
mode
6 Main transform
er neutr
a
l point
grounding wa
y
7 The zero seq
u
ence reactance
of main transfor
m
er
1 Main transform
er capacit
y
and
voltage level
2 Threesidesofm
a
intransforme
r
reactance and n
odes
3 Themaintr
ansformer
resistance
4 Main transform
er tap and
the
gear ratio
5 Main transform
erconnection
mode
AC Line
1 Line capacity
a
nd
voltage level
2 Line length, re
actance,
the first and final points
1linecapacity
an
dvoltage level
2line length, reactance, the first
and lastnodes
3line impedance
4linereactance
5line zerosequen
ce impedance
6line zerosequen
ce reactance
1linecapacity
an
dvoltage level
2line length, reactance, the first
and lastnodes
3line impedance
4linereactance
Sw
itchgea
r
1 The first and fi
nal points
of sw
itch equipm
ents, and
usually
states
2The s
w
itches states that
the load is maximum
3 The states of t
he
sw
itches at multiple time
1. The first and fi
nal points of
sw
itch equipmen
ts, and usually
states
2. The s
w
itches states that the
load is maximum
3. The states of t
he sw
itches at
multiple time
4The S
w
itches b
r
eaking
capacities
1 The first and fi
nal points of
sw
itch equipmen
ts, and usually
states
2 The s
w
itches states that the
load is maximum
3 The states of t
he sw
itches at
multiple time
4The S
w
itches b
r
eaking
capacities
5 The action time
paramete
r
s of
the sw
itches
Reactive power
compensation
None
1.The amou
ntof r
eactive pow
e
r
compensation
2.Reactive po
w
e
r
compensationlim
it
1.The amou
ntof r
eactive pow
e
r
compensation
2.Reactive po
w
e
r
compensationlim
it
Bus
None
1.Voltage level
2.Voltage limits
3.The initialvolta
ge value
1.Voltage level
2.Voltage limits
3.The initialvolta
ge value
Load/User
1. The nod
e load
sizes
thatthe load is maximum
2. Each nodeloa
d sizesat
sever
a
l times
3. T
y
pical da
y 96
points
curves of each node load
or ever
y da
y 96
points
curves througho
ut the
year
Same as above
data
Same as above
data
4. Economic
Analy
s
is
Tech
nical an
d econ
omi
c
analysi
s
refers to t
he asse
ssment of their life cycle in planni
ng
proje
c
ts fo
r techni
cal
comp
ari
s
o
n
of t
he alternatives, e
c
o
nomic
analy
s
is
and im
pact
asse
ssm
ent, its
pu
rpo
s
e
i
s
to asse
ss
t
he
pl
anni
ng proje
c
t (ne
w
con
s
tru
c
tion,
renovatio
n
a
nd
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
Powe
r Syste
m
Planning and Analysi
s
Data Model Re
sea
r
ch (Zh
a
n
f
eng Ca
o)
3647
expansion) in the te
chni
cal
,
economi
c
feasib
ility and
reasonabl
eness, provide
th
e basi
s for the
inv
e
st
ment
d
e
ci
sion
-ma
k
in
g.
Max
i
mize i
n
v
e
st
ment
b
e
nefit, namely, how to u
s
e l
e
ss investm
e
nt,
less time to maximize p
r
odu
ction effi
cien
cy.Econ
o
m
ic analy
s
is include
s e
c
onomi
c
ben
e
f
it
evaluation a
n
d
investment
analysi
s
.
Econo
mic ev
aluation
sp
ecified by
sele
cting
the plan
ning proj
ect eco
nomi
c
ev
aluation
evaluation, i
n
clu
d
ing
stati
c
total inve
stmen
t, dynam
ic total inve
stment, the p
r
oje
c
t payba
ck
perio
d, intern
al rate
of return
and
oth
e
r in
di
cators, economi
c
i
ndicators of
the proje
c
t a
n
d
engin
eeri
ng
calcul
ation
s
. Investment A
nalysi
s
e
s
tim
a
tes b
a
sed
o
n
typical
equi
pment inve
st
ment
and typical p
r
oject inve
stm
ent, inclu
d
ing
estimate
s o
n
the total am
ount of inve
st
ment in a
sin
g
le
proje
c
t invest
ment, proje
c
t investment in
batche
s
to summari
ze a
n
d
analyze su
ch situation
s
.
Table 3
sum
m
ari
z
e
s
the
eco
nomi
c
ev
aluati
on a
nd i
n
vestment
co
ntents an
d b
a
si
c data
[8-10].
Table 3. Eco
nomic An
alysis Data
Colle
ction Sheet
Economic evalua
tion
content
Calculation content
collection data
Economic benefits
evaluation
assets calculatio
n
1 existing assets
2 ne
w
equipment
assets
income
1 Forecast po
we
r consumpti
ons of various industries
2 kinds of Industries electricity
p
r
ice table
Cost anal
y
s
is
1 All kinds of co
st index name
2 Index values
Equipment efficiency
anal
y
s
is
1 Equipment investment
2 The actual po
wer/Average p
o
w
e
r
/Dail
y
load curv
e
Investment anal
ysis
The static invest
ment
1 Equipment cap
a
city
2 Cost estimate table
D
y
namic investment
1 Equipment cap
a
city
2 Cost estimate table
3.lending rates, r
e
imbursement d
eadline, reimburs
e
ment
means
4 loan/investment propor
tion
Return o
n
investment
1 Equipment cap
a
city
2 The actual po
wer/Average p
o
w
e
r
/Dail
y
load curv
e
3 Equipment investment
4Cost estimate table
5 lending rates, r
e
imbursement d
eadline, reimburs
e
ment
means
6 loan/investment propor
tion
5. Summar
y
Powe
r
syste
m
plan
ning
is on th
e b
a
si
s of
the
existi
ng p
o
wer
system, acco
rdin
g to th
e
given con
s
traints or opti
m
ization in
d
e
x, to
give
new in
crea
sed power sy
stem equi
pm
ent
con
s
tru
c
tion
plan, satisfy power
co
nsu
m
ption dem
a
nd within a certain
scop
e of
sp
ace
a
nd time.
Powe
r
syste
m
plan
ning
is full of u
n
ce
rt
ainty,
so
th
e planni
ng sho
u
ld con
s
ide
r
many
conditi
ons.
Data
colle
ction is the
ba
sis
of the po
wer
syst
e
m
planni
ng an
al
ysis, so information colle
ction
become
s
the
key that the
plan i
s
succe
ss
or failu
re.
This p
ape
r a
nalyze
s
the v
a
riou
s pl
anni
ng
scheme
calcu
l
ation an
d ba
sic
data
nee
d
to coll
ec
te
d, and p
r
ovid
es
pra
c
tical
gui
d
ance for
po
wer
system pla
nni
ng.
Referen
ces
[1]
Ding Y
an, Ch
e
n
T
ao. Electrical s
y
st
em desi
gn
man
ual. Be
i
jing: C
h
in
a el
e
c
tric po
w
e
r pr
e
ss. 1998.
[2]
Li C
h
u
n
-ho
ng,
Z
hang
Do
ng-
ni
.Po
w
e
r
grid
pl
ann
ing
tech
nic
a
l a
n
d
ec
onom
ic eva
l
u
a
tion.
T
e
chnical an
d
econ
o
m
ic
. 20
1
1
; 30(4): 77-1
0
1
.
[3]
Luo
Do
ng, H
u
La
ng-d
o
n
g
,
Xing
Yun-z
h
e
n
. Grid ev
al
uati
on i
n
d
e
x
s
y
st
em rese
arch.
Anhu
i El
ectric
Power.
2009; 2
9
(3): 75-7
8
.
[4]
Yin Yo
ng-
hu
a, GuoJia
n-b
o
,
Z
hao Ji
an-
jun.
T
he Unit
e
d
States a
nd
Can
a
da "
8
.14
"
bl
ac
kout acci
de
nt
prelim
in
ar
y
an
al
ysis a
nd less
ons ne
ed to be
learn
ed.
Pow
e
r System T
e
ch
nol
ogy
. 20
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