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1
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(
2
0
1
1
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)
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7
]
:
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n
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1
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h
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0
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8
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2
.
2
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v
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Net
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M
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lar
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2
0
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5
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9
]
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2
2
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)
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a
b
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as Ste
f
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2
0
1
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[
1
0
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i
n
k
T
B
N
F
S
I
N
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M
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d
P
(
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)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
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m
p
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SS
N:
2502
-
4752
Mo
d
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f Time
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2
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3
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o
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r
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tical
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n
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0
1
1
;
Mic
alle
f
2
0
1
2
;
Sk
iller
m
ar
k
2
0
1
1
)
[
1
1
-
1
3
]
.
W
e
ar
e
ass
u
m
in
g
s
t
atic
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tio
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(
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m
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tio
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)
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o
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a
B
S is
d
en
o
ted
as (
R
ich
ter
(
2
0
0
9
)
[1
4
]
)
:
s
e
c
P
c
N
B
P
i
a
n
t
i
t
x
j
B
H
i
N
A
P
(
7
)
Nsec
i
s
s
a
id
to
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m
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f
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to
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ase
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ase
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tr
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s
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w
it
h
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p
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h
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ar
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v
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i
m
p
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tan
t
f
ac
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w
h
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d
escr
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th
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f
o
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m
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f
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n
er
g
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e
f
f
icien
c
y
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a
b
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s
ta
tio
n
(
B
a
m
b
o
s
an
d
R
u
ln
ic
k
,
1
9
9
7
)
.
P
B
Hiis
ad
d
ed
to
d
eter
m
i
n
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t
h
e
p
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p
tio
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n
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d
u
r
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h
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tr
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s
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f
r
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m
b
ac
k
h
au
lin
g
f
ib
er
(
T
o
m
b
az
et
al.
,
2
0
1
1
)
[
1
5
]
.
2
.
4
.
E
nerg
y
E
f
f
iciency
Net
w
o
rk
M
o
del
E
n
er
g
y
E
f
f
icie
n
c
y
(
E
E
)
ca
n
b
e
s
tated
as
to
tal
a
m
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u
n
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o
f
d
eli
v
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ed
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p
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p
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w
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(
C
h
o
ck
a
lin
g
a
m
an
d
Z
o
r
zi,
1
9
9
8
)
[
1
6
]
,
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
f
o
r
E
E
ca
n
b
e
g
iv
e
n
as:
O
v
e
r
a
l
l
d
a
t
a
r
a
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R
T
EE
T
o
t
a
l
p
o
w
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r
c
o
n
s
u
m
e
d
P
C
T
(
8
)
R
T
is
d
ata
r
ate,
(
1
)
K
k
k
R
n
r
n
(
9
)
W
h
er
e,
K
am
o
u
n
t
s
to
th
e
to
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s
u
b
ch
an
n
els
g
iv
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n
f
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r
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h
e
to
tal
d
ata
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ate
f
o
r
all
u
s
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s
ca
n
b
e
w
r
itte
n
as (
Mia
o
et
al.
(
2
0
1
1
)
)
[
1
7
]
:
(
1
)
N
n
R
t
R
n
(
1
0
)
Data
g
i
v
en
to
ea
ch
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ca
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1
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wo
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(
1
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t
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r
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all
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co
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f
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to
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(
Har
r
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d
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tti,
2
0
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9
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[
1
8
]
.
Fro
m
h
er
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t
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E
E
o
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a
s
p
ec
if
ic
b
ase
s
ta
tio
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h
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n
s
u
m
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p
o
w
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P
c
ca
n
th
en
b
e
wr
itten
as:
,
EEi
,
R
t
i
P
c
i
(
1
3
)
T
h
e
ab
o
v
e
eq
u
atio
n
g
i
v
es u
s
t
h
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
a
s
tatio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l
.
1
2
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
201
8
:
1
4
7
–
154
150
2
.
5
.
T
i
m
e
E
f
f
iciency
Net
w
o
rk
M
o
del
T
h
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ab
o
v
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m
en
t
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E
m
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f
f
icien
c
y
in
s
o
m
e
g
i
v
en
ti
m
e
in
ter
v
al
.
L
et
u
s
as
s
u
m
e
T
HE
T
to
b
e
t
h
e
ti
m
e
p
er
io
d
f
o
r
o
v
er
all
d
ata
tr
an
s
f
er
o
f
a
h
eter
o
g
en
eo
u
s
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et
w
o
r
k
,
th
e
n
T
i
m
e
ef
f
icien
c
y
ca
n
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
as
:
Te
E
E
h
e
t
T
h
e
t
(
1
4
)
T
h
e
u
n
it
o
f
T
e
is
th
en
b
its
p
er
J
o
u
le
p
er
s
ec
.
C
o
n
ce
p
t
o
f
T
e
ca
m
e
f
r
o
m
th
e
f
ac
t
th
at
s
u
p
p
o
s
e
t
w
o
s
tatio
n
s
h
a
v
e
s
o
m
e
E
E
(
4
.
8
,
6
.
7
)
.
A
n
d
if
ti
m
e
ta
k
e
n
to
co
m
p
lete
t
h
e
w
h
o
le
co
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
is
T
HE
T
(
1
,
3
)
u
n
i
ts
.
T
h
en
alt
h
o
u
g
h
it
s
ee
m
s
th
at
s
ec
o
n
d
s
tatio
n
h
a
s
m
o
r
e
E
E
s
o
it
is
b
en
ef
ic
iar
y
b
u
t
it
is
n
o
t
t
h
e
tr
u
t
h
.
B
ec
au
s
e
f
ir
s
t o
n
e
is
d
o
i
n
g
w
o
r
k
b
u
t
in
v
er
y
les
s
ti
m
e
p
er
io
d
.
Fo
r
a
s
in
g
le
t
i
m
e
u
n
it
First
s
ta
tio
n
E
E
i
n
o
n
e
u
n
it
o
f
ti
m
e
i
s
4
.
8
w
h
ile
s
ec
o
n
d
s
tatio
n
h
as
E
E
i
n
o
n
e
u
n
it
as
2
.
2
3
.
T
h
is
w
h
o
le
ex
a
m
p
le
is
p
r
ac
ticall
y
s
ee
n
in
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
d
o
n
e
in
r
es
u
lt
s
ec
ti
o
n
.
B
Ss
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
o
n
e
Ma
cr
o
s
t
atio
n
an
d
m
a
n
y
s
u
b
m
ac
r
o
s
t
atio
n
an
d
al
s
o
m
a
n
y
p
ico
s
tat
io
n
s
.
Dat
a
r
ate
is
to
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
f
o
r
all
s
tatio
n
an
d
also
p
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
ed
is
to
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
f
o
r
all
s
tatio
n
s
.
E
n
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
c
y
o
f
a
h
e
ter
o
g
en
eo
u
s
n
et
w
o
r
k
w
i
th
s
i
n
g
le
m
ac
r
o
b
ase
s
tatio
n
,
M
m
icr
o
b
ase
s
tati
o
n
s
an
d
P
p
ico
b
ase
s
tatio
n
s
ca
n
b
e
w
r
itte
n
as:
(
1
)
(
1
)
(
1
)
(
1
)
MP
MP
MP
MP
R
m
a
c
r
o
R
m
i
c
r
o
R
p
i
c
o
E
E
h
e
t
P
m
a
c
r
o
P
m
i
c
r
o
P
p
i
c
o
(
1
5
)
E
E
HE
T
d
en
o
tes
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
e
f
f
icien
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
w
h
o
le
h
eter
o
g
en
eo
u
s
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
An
d
i
f
w
e
h
a
v
e
t
h
e
T
HE
T
,
w
e
ca
n
ca
lc
u
late
t
h
e
ti
m
e
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
f
o
r
th
e
s
a
m
e
a
s
f
o
llo
w
s
:
(
1
)
(
1
)
(
1
)
(
1
)
()
MP
MP
MP
MP
R
m
a
c
r
o
R
m
i
c
r
o
R
p
i
c
o
P
m
a
c
r
o
P
m
i
c
r
o
P
p
i
c
o
Te
T
H
E
T
E
R
O
G
E
N
E
O
U
S
(
1
6
)
A
r
ea
ti
m
e
e
f
f
ic
ien
c
y
ca
n
a
ls
o
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
A
r
ea
en
er
g
y
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
(
A
E
E
)
w
h
ich
i
s
d
ef
in
ed
as t
h
e
b
it/J
o
u
le/
u
n
it a
r
ea
.
T
h
e
A
E
E
f
o
r
a
ce
r
tain
b
ase
s
tatio
n
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as:
,
,
EEi
AEEi
A
B
s
i
(
1
7
)
W
h
er
e,
E
E
ian
d
A
B
S,
id
en
o
te
t
h
e
E
E
in
b
it/J
o
u
le
(
W
an
g
a
n
d
Sh
e
n
,
2
0
1
0
)
[
1
9
]
.
I
n
th
e
s
i
m
ilar
w
a
y
w
e
ca
n
f
i
n
d
th
e
A
r
ea
T
im
e
e
f
f
icien
c
y
(
A
T
E
)
.
I
ts
u
n
it
is
g
iv
e
n
a
s
b
it/j
o
u
le/s
ec
o
n
d
/u
n
it a
r
ea
.
T
h
e
A
T
E
f
o
r
a
h
eter
o
g
en
eo
u
s
n
et
w
o
r
k
ar
ea
ca
n
b
e
s
ated
as:
,
,
T
e
i
A
T
E
i
A
B
s
i
(
1
8
)
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
AN
AL
Y
SI
S
No
w
w
e
m
o
v
e
to
s
o
m
e
s
i
m
u
la
tio
n
s
a
n
d
r
esu
lt
s
b
ased
o
n
T
im
e
E
f
f
ic
ien
c
y
f
ac
to
r
.
3
.
1
.
Si
m
ula
t
io
n Set
u
p
Stu
d
y
o
f
HetNe
t
B
Ss
is
s
i
m
u
lated
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
eir
r
esp
e
ctiv
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
.
B
Ss
ar
e
s
etu
p
in
th
ei
r
ar
ea
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
r
ad
iu
s
t
h
e
y
n
ee
d
f
o
r
s
ettle
m
e
n
t.
B
Ss
m
a
y
d
i
f
f
er
in
ter
m
s
o
f
tr
a
n
s
m
it
p
o
w
er
f
o
r
m
ac
r
o
b
ase
s
tatio
n
(
4
6
d
B
m
)
,
m
icr
o
b
ase
s
tatio
n
s
(
3
5
d
B
m
)
an
d
p
ico
b
ase
s
tatio
n
s
(
3
0
d
B
m
)
[
2
0
]
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
UE
s
ar
e
ass
u
m
ed
to
b
e
u
n
if
o
r
m
l
y
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
w
it
h
i
n
th
e
r
ad
iu
s
o
f
B
Ss
an
d
b
an
d
w
id
th
f
o
r
th
e
in
v
es
tig
a
ted
L
T
E
d
o
w
n
l
in
k
s
ce
n
ar
io
is
s
et
to
1
0
MH
Z
at
ca
r
r
ir
er
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
o
f
2
.
6
GHz
[
2
1
]
.
A
s
s
u
m
i
n
g
n
e
g
li
g
ib
le
p
ath
lo
s
s
f
o
r
an
id
ea
l c
ase
o
f
HetNe
t B
S
s
,
o
t
h
er
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
ca
n
b
e
f
o
u
n
d
in
T
ab
le
1
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
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n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
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m
p
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I
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N:
2502
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4752
Mo
d
ellin
g
o
f Time
E
fficien
cy
in
Hete
r
o
g
en
eo
u
s
a
n
d
A
d
h
o
c
N
etw
o
r
ks
(
Ya
ten
d
r
a
S
in
g
h
B
h
a
n
d
a
r
i
)
151
T
ab
le
1.
Sim
u
latio
n
P
ar
am
e
ter
s
P
A
R
A
M
ET
ER
V
A
L
U
E
C
a
r
r
i
e
r
w
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s fr
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u
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n
c
y
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6
T
r
a
n
smissi
o
n
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a
n
d
w
i
d
t
h
1
0
M
H
z
T
r
a
n
smit
t
e
d
p
o
w
e
r
f
o
r
mac
r
o
,
mi
c
r
o
a
n
d
p
i
c
o
f
o
r
t
h
r
e
e
B
S
s
1
:
B
S
1
=
>
4
6
d
B
m
,
3
5
d
B
m
,
3
0
d
B
m
2
:
B
S
2
=>
3
:
B
S
3
=>
C
h
a
n
n
e
l
mo
d
e
l
3
G
P
P
Ty
p
i
c
a
l
U
r
b
a
n
P
e
n
e
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
L
o
ss
2
0
d
B
C
o
u
n
t
i
n
g
o
f
se
c
t
o
r
s fo
r
ma
c
r
o
,
mi
c
r
o
,
p
i
c
o
b
a
se
st
a
t
i
o
n
s
3
,
1
,
1
P
r
o
p
a
g
a
t
i
o
n
N
o
i
se
f
i
g
u
r
e
9
d
B
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s fo
r
c
o
n
su
me
d
p
o
w
e
r
M
a
c
r
o
:
A
i
=
2
1
;
B
i
=
3
5
4
.
4
4
M
i
c
r
o
:
A
i
=
7
.
8
4
;
B
i
=
7
1
.
5
P
i
c
o
:
A
i
=
5
.
5
;
B
i
=
3
8
T
h
e
E
E
an
d
T
e
h
a
s
b
ee
n
ca
lc
u
lated
f
o
r
t
h
r
ee
B
Ss
as
s
u
m
i
n
g
t
h
at
al
l t
h
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
ar
e
allo
ca
ted
to
th
a
t
B
Ss
an
d
id
ea
l c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
ar
e
a
s
s
u
m
ed
f
o
r
in
s
p
ec
tio
n
.
3
.
2
.
Si
m
ula
t
io
n St
ep
s
As
d
ep
icted
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
,
s
i
m
u
l
atio
n
Step
s
i
n
T
im
e
E
f
f
icie
n
c
y
f
ac
to
r
.
S
T
A
R
T
D
e
f
i
n
e
si
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
p
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
BW
,
P
t
x
,
NF
,
o
t
h
e
r
r
e
q
u
i
r
e
m
e
n
t
R
e
a
d
t
h
e
r
e
q
u
i
r
e
d
l
i
n
k
b
u
d
g
e
t
p
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
F
i
n
d
t
h
e
r
e
c
e
i
v
e
d
si
g
n
a
l
p
o
we
r
a
n
d
t
h
e
c
o
v
e
r
a
g
e
d
e
g
r
e
e
,
C
C
>
=
9
5
%
F
i
n
d
t
h
e
p
o
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r
c
o
n
su
m
e
d
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c
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l
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t
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r
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t
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h
e
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C
o
m
p
u
t
e
t
h
e
TE
Y
E
S
NO
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Si
m
u
latio
n
Step
s
3
.
3
.
Si
m
ula
t
io
n Re
s
ult
So
m
e
r
esu
lts
to
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er
i
f
y
t
h
is
t
h
eo
r
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l
co
n
ce
p
t
an
d
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f
e
ctiv
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e
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r
esen
ted
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h
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tio
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s
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h
e
p
er
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o
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th
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s
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an
d
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n
f
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e
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s
p
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e
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ed
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icatio
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s
d
o
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e
u
n
d
er
v
ar
io
u
s
s
i
m
u
la
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co
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f
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g
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r
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o
n
s
tak
in
g
s
o
m
e
id
ea
l c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l
.
1
2
,
No
.
1
,
Octo
b
er
201
8
:
1
4
7
–
154
152
3
.
4
.
Chec
k
ing
E
f
f
icie
ncy
in Sp
ec
i
f
ied Ti
m
e
P
er
io
d
A
g
r
ap
h
o
f
E
E
v
s
T
i
m
e
p
er
io
d
g
iv
es
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s
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
er
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
o
f
E
E
in
ti
m
e
in
ter
v
als.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
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h
ic
h
w
e
w
ill
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et
to
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o
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h
o
w
m
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ch
o
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r
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et
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p
o
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4.
RE
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L
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at
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t
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5.
CO
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u
s
n
e
t
w
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r
k
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
“
Cisc
o
V
isu
a
l
Ne
tw
o
rk
in
g
In
d
e
x
:
G
lo
b
a
l
M
o
b
il
e
Da
ta
T
ra
ff
ic
F
o
re
c
a
st
Up
d
a
te
”
,
2
0
1
6
–
2
0
2
1
W
h
it
e
Pa
p
e
r.
Do
c
u
me
n
t
ID:
1
4
5
4
4
5
7
6
0
0
8
0
5
2
6
6
(2
0
1
7
).
[2
]
“
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
o
f
En
e
rg
y
Eff
i
c
ien
c
y
in
He
tero
g
e
n
e
o
u
s
Ne
tw
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rk
”
.
Res
e
a
rc
h
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
A
p
p
li
e
d
S
c
ien
c
e
s,
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
6
(
1
7
)
:
3
1
9
3
-
3
2
0
1
,
2
0
1
3
I
S
S
N:
2
0
4
0
-
7
4
5
9
;
e
-
I
S
S
N:
2
0
4
0
-
7
4
6
7
.
[3
]
“
A P
ra
c
ti
c
a
l
A
p
p
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a
c
h
to
En
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rg
y
Eff
icie
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t
Co
m
m
u
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ica
ti
o
n
s in
M
o
b
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W
irele
ss
Ne
t
w
o
rk
s
”
.
M
o
b
il
e
Ne
two
rk
s a
n
d
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
1
7
(
2
):
2
6
7
-
2
8
0
·
A
p
r
il
2
0
1
2
.
[4
]
Am
a
ld
i,
E.
,
A
.
Ca
p
o
n
e
a
n
d
F
.
M
a
lu
c
e
ll
i,
2
0
0
8
.
“
Ra
d
io
P
la
n
n
i
n
g
a
n
d
Co
v
e
ra
g
e
Op
ti
m
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ti
o
n
o
f
3
G
Ce
ll
u
lar
Ne
tw
o
rk
s
”
.
W
ire
l.
Ne
tw
.
1
4
(4
):
4
3
5
-
4
4
7
.
[5
]
Ay
a
d
,
A
.
A
.
,
T
.
S
.
Kio
n
g
,
J.
Ko
h
,
D.
Ch
ien
g
a
n
d
A
.
T
in
g
,
2
0
1
2
a
.
“
En
e
rg
y
e
ff
icie
n
c
y
o
f
h
e
tero
g
e
n
e
o
u
s
c
e
ll
u
lar
n
e
tw
o
rk
s
:
A
re
v
ie
w
”
.
J
.
Ap
p
.
S
c
i
.
,
1
2
(
1
4
):
1
4
1
8
-
1
4
3
1
.
[6
]
Ay
a
d
,
A
.
A
.
,
T
.
S
.
Kio
n
g
,
J.
Ko
h
,
D.
Ch
ien
g
a
n
d
A
.
T
in
g
,
2
0
1
2
b
.
“
En
e
rg
y
e
ff
icie
n
c
y
a
n
d
c
e
ll
c
o
v
e
ra
g
e
a
re
a
a
n
a
ly
sis
f
o
r
m
a
c
ro
c
e
ll
n
e
tw
o
rk
s
”
.
IEE
E
I
n
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
F
u
t
u
re
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
Ne
tw
o
rk
s
(
ICFCN)
,
p
p
:
1
-
6.
[7
]
T
e
s
fa
y
,
T
.
T
.
,
R.
Kh
a
li
l
i,
J.Y.
L
e
Bo
u
d
e
c
,
F
.
Rich
ter
a
n
d
A
.
J.
F
e
h
s
k
e
,
2
0
1
1
.
“
En
e
rg
y
sa
v
in
g
a
n
d
c
a
p
a
c
it
y
g
a
in
s
o
f
m
icro
sites
in
re
g
u
lar
LT
E
n
e
two
rk
s
:
Do
w
n
li
n
k
traff
ic
la
y
e
r
a
n
a
ly
sis
”
.
6
-
th
ACM
W
o
rk
sh
o
p
o
n
Per
fo
rm
a
n
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.