I
nd
o
ne
s
ia
n J
o
urna
l o
f
E
lect
rica
l En
g
ineering
a
nd
Co
m
p
u
t
er
Science
Vo
l.
24
,
No
.
2
,
N
o
v
e
m
b
er
20
21
,
p
p
.
94
9
~
95
6
I
SS
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/i
j
ee
cs.v
2
4
.i
2
.
pp
94
9
-
95
6
949
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ij
ee
cs.ia
esco
r
e.
co
m
Inv
estig
a
tion o
f
m
icro
w
a
v
e senso
r
and integra
t
e w
ith
po
ly
di
m
et
hy
lsilo
x
a
ne
for
m
edi
ca
l i
m
a
g
ing
appli
ca
tio
n
N
urha
s
niza
E
dw
a
rd
1
,
L
a
v
a
ny
a
P
a
r
a
m
a
s
iv
a
m
2
,
Z
a
hri
la
d
ha
Z
a
k
a
ria
3
,
A
m
y
rul A
z
ua
n
M
o
hd
B
a
ha
r
4
1,
2,
3
Ce
n
tre f
o
r
T
e
lec
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
Re
se
a
rc
h
a
n
d
I
n
n
o
v
a
ti
o
n
(Ce
T
RI),
F
a
k
u
lt
i
Ke
ju
r
u
tera
a
n
El
e
k
tro
n
ik
d
a
n
Ke
j
u
ru
tera
a
n
Ko
m
p
u
ter (F
KEKK
),
Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
M
a
la
y
sia
M
e
la
k
a
(U
T
e
M
),
M
e
lak
a
,
M
a
lay
si
a
4
In
tel
M
icro
e
lec
tro
n
ics
,
Ba
y
a
n
L
e
p
a
s F
re
e
In
d
u
str
ial
Z
o
n
e
,
Ba
y
a
n
L
e
p
a
s,
M
a
la
y
si
a
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
ST
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Ma
y
27
,
2021
R
ev
i
s
ed
Sep
16
,
2
0
2
1
A
cc
ep
ted
Sep
21
,
2
0
2
1
T
h
e
sm
a
l
l
-
s
iz
e
d
w
i
d
e
b
a
n
d
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
i
s
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
s
u
se
d
i
n
t
h
e
m
e
d
i
c
a
l
f
ie
l
d
t
o
d
e
t
e
c
t
b
o
d
y
t
i
ss
u
e
.
T
h
e
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
'
s
d
i
r
e
c
t
c
o
n
t
a
c
t
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
h
u
m
a
n
b
o
d
y
c
a
u
s
e
s
r
e
f
l
e
c
te
d
s
ig
n
a
l
d
u
e
t
o
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
b
o
d
y
c
o
u
p
l
i
n
g
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
n
a
r
r
o
w
e
r
b
a
n
d
w
i
d
t
h
t
e
n
d
s
t
o
r
e
d
u
c
e
t
h
e
d
a
ta
t
r
a
n
sf
e
r
r
a
te
i
n
t
r
a
n
sm
i
s
s
i
o
n
.
T
h
e
r
e
f
o
r
e
,
t
h
i
s
p
a
p
e
r
a
im
s
t
o
d
e
s
i
g
n
a
w
i
d
e
b
a
n
d
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
w
i
t
h
w
e
a
ra
b
l
e
p
r
o
p
e
r
t
i
e
s
o
p
e
r
a
t
e
d
i
n
t
h
e
f
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
ra
n
g
e
o
f
3
G
H
z
to
6
G
H
z
.
T
h
e
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
i
s
d
e
s
ig
n
e
d
w
i
t
h
a
r
e
c
ta
n
g
u
l
a
r
-
s
h
a
p
e
d
p
a
t
c
h
w
i
t
h
n
o
tc
h
e
s
a
n
d
t
h
e
t
-
s
l
o
t
s
h
a
p
e
d
p
a
r
t
ia
l
sl
o
t
g
r
o
u
n
d
.
T
h
e
c
o
n
n
e
c
te
d
s
p
e
e
c
h
t
e
s
t
(
C
S
T
)
s
t
u
d
i
o
s
u
i
t
e
s
o
f
tw
a
r
e
i
s
u
se
d
t
o
d
e
s
i
g
n
a
n
d
o
p
t
i
m
i
z
e
t
h
e
m
i
n
i
a
t
u
r
e
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
,
w
h
i
c
h
m
e
a
s
u
r
e
s
2
4
m
m
(W
)
x
3
8
m
m
(L
)
x
0
.
1
6
8
m
m
(
H
)
.
T
h
e
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
i
s
t
h
e
n
e
m
b
e
d
d
e
d
w
i
t
h
p
o
l
y
d
im
e
th
y
ls
i
l
i
x
a
n
e
(
P
D
M
S
)
a
t
t
h
e
t
o
p
h
a
l
f
o
f
t
h
e
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
d
im
e
n
s
i
o
n
2
4
m
m
(W
)
x
1
9
m
m
(
L
)
x
1
m
m
(H
)
a
n
d
a
l
s
o
f
u
l
ly
o
c
c
u
p
i
e
d
.
T
h
e
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
is
c
o
n
f
i
g
u
re
d
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
b
e
n
d
i
n
g
c
a
p
a
b
i
l
i
t
i
e
s
t
o
a
d
a
p
t
t
h
e
h
u
m
a
n
b
o
d
y
s
u
rf
a
c
e
a
t
a
n
a
n
g
le
o
f
3
0
º
.
T
h
e
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
i
s
h
a
v
i
n
g
t
h
e
b
e
n
e
f
i
t
s
o
f
sm
a
l
l
s
i
z
e
,
c
o
s
t
-
e
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
,
a
n
d
e
a
sy
t
o
f
a
b
r
i
c
a
te
.
T
h
e
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
d
e
s
ig
n
c
a
n
e
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
ly
d
e
te
c
t
u
n
u
s
u
a
l
b
o
d
y
t
i
ss
u
e
,
a
n
d
i
t
s
a
f
e
t
o
b
e
u
s
e
d
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
Me
d
ical
i
m
a
g
in
g
ap
p
licatio
n
p
o
ly
d
i
m
et
h
y
l
s
ilo
x
an
e
W
ea
r
ab
le
an
ten
n
a
W
id
eb
an
d
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
T
h
is
is
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Z
a
h
r
ilad
h
a
Z
ak
ar
ia
C
en
tr
e
f
o
r
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
R
e
s
ea
r
ch
&
I
n
n
o
v
atio
n
(
C
e
T
R
I
)
Fak
u
lti Ke
j
u
r
u
ter
aa
n
E
le
k
tr
o
n
i
k
d
an
Kej
u
r
u
ter
aa
n
Ko
m
p
u
ter
(
FKEK
K)
Un
i
v
er
s
iti T
ek
n
ik
al
Ma
la
y
s
ia
Me
lak
a
(
UT
eM
)
Han
g
T
u
ah
J
a
y
a,
7
6
1
0
0
Du
r
ian
T
u
n
g
g
al,
Me
la
k
a,
Ma
la
y
s
ia
E
m
ail: z
a
h
r
ilad
h
a
@
u
te
m
.
ed
u
.
m
y
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
h
e
m
e
d
i
c
al
f
i
e
l
d
is
c
o
n
t
in
u
a
l
ly
u
p
g
r
a
d
in
g
b
y
th
e
n
e
w
e
s
t
t
e
ch
n
o
l
o
g
y
as
p
a
r
a
l
le
l
t
o
th
e
c
o
m
p
li
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
h
e
al
th
d
i
s
ea
s
e
th
at
in
t
e
r
n
a
lly
v
e
in
e
d
.
R
el
a
ti
n
g
t
o
th
e
in
t
e
r
n
a
l
h
u
m
an
b
o
d
y
c
o
m
p
l
ex
it
i
es
,
th
e
m
e
d
i
c
al
im
ag
in
g
a
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
e
d
u
s
in
g
m
i
c
r
o
w
av
e
t
r
a
n
s
m
is
s
i
o
n
.
Mi
c
r
o
w
av
e
im
ag
i
n
g
(
M
W
I
)
is
a
f
as
t
-
g
r
o
w
in
g
t
e
ch
n
i
q
u
e
in
m
e
d
i
ca
l
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
s
tu
d
i
es
.
I
t
i
s
a
p
r
o
m
is
in
g
r
i
s
in
g
m
o
d
a
li
ty
th
a
t
em
p
l
o
y
s
l
o
w
-
p
o
w
e
r
m
ic
r
o
w
av
e
w
av
ef
o
r
m
s
f
o
cu
s
e
d
o
n
t
h
e
p
h
y
s
i
q
u
e
an
d
g
en
e
r
a
te
p
h
o
t
o
g
r
a
p
h
s
o
f
th
e
b
o
d
y
b
y
u
s
in
g
th
e
r
esu
l
ta
n
t
b
ac
k
s
c
a
tt
e
r
e
d
s
i
g
n
al
s
.
M
W
I
i
s
b
as
e
d
o
n
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
d
ie
l
e
c
t
r
ic
p
r
o
p
e
r
t
i
e
s
:
p
e
r
m
i
tt
iv
i
ty
a
n
d
m
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
c
o
n
d
u
c
t
iv
i
ty
[
1
].
I
n
b
io
m
ed
ical
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
M
W
I
h
as
ele
v
ated
i
n
ter
es
ts
.
I
t
is
ex
tr
a
at
tr
ac
tiv
e,
m
a
in
l
y
its
n
o
n
-
io
n
izi
n
g
an
d
n
o
n
-
i
n
v
a
s
iv
e,
b
ein
g
th
e
d
ep
th
o
f
p
en
etr
atio
n
in
t
h
e
h
u
m
an
ti
s
s
u
e
li
f
e
lik
e
a
m
p
le
t
h
a
t
ap
p
r
o
v
es
to
o
b
tain
ex
ce
s
s
iv
e
-
d
ec
is
io
n
i
m
a
g
es
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
i
m
a
g
i
n
g
m
o
d
alitie
s
s
u
c
h
a
s
X
-
r
a
y
m
a
m
m
o
g
r
ap
h
y
.
A
s
f
o
r
m
icr
o
w
a
v
e
i
m
ag
in
g
,
f
o
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
o
p
p
o
s
ite
to
co
m
p
u
t
ed
to
m
o
g
r
ap
h
y
(
CT
)
,
m
icr
o
wav
es
ar
e
n
o
lo
n
g
e
r
io
n
ized
co
n
s
eq
u
en
t
l
y
d
o
n
o
w
n
o
t
p
o
s
s
es
s
d
a
m
ag
e
to
th
e
h
u
m
an
b
o
d
y
.
Mic
r
o
w
a
v
e
i
m
a
g
i
n
g
ca
n
b
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
at
a
f
r
ac
tio
n
o
f
th
e
co
s
t
f
o
r
m
ag
n
etic
r
eso
n
an
ce
i
m
ag
in
g
(
MRI
)
o
r
C
T
f
ac
ilit
y
.
I
t
d
o
es
n
o
t
n
ee
d
a
d
is
p
lay
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
2
4
,
No
.
2
,
No
v
e
m
b
er
20
21
:
94
9
-
95
6
950
s
cr
ee
n
r
o
o
m
a
n
d
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
in
I
C
g
ad
g
et
s
o
r
am
b
u
lan
ce
s
d
u
e
to
its
co
m
p
ac
t
n
a
tu
r
e.
A
p
r
ed
o
m
i
n
a
n
t
p
r
o
b
lem
g
o
in
g
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
i
n
m
icr
o
w
a
v
e
i
m
ag
in
g
i
s
t
h
e
r
e
f
lectio
n
o
f
ele
ctr
icit
y
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
k
i
n
,
w
h
ic
h
m
a
y
also
h
a
v
e
lar
g
e
m
ag
n
it
u
d
e
o
r
d
er
s
th
an
t
h
e
r
ef
lecte
d
tu
m
o
r
r
esp
o
n
s
e.
T
h
u
s
,
r
esear
ch
er
s
h
a
v
e
co
n
d
u
cte
d
a
d
v
an
ce
d
r
esear
ch
to
in
v
e
s
ti
g
ate
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
ef
f
ic
ien
c
y
o
f
a
n
ten
n
as
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
v
ar
io
u
s
w
ea
r
ab
le
m
at
er
ials
an
d
d
if
f
er
en
t
d
ielec
tr
ic
co
n
s
tan
t s
u
b
s
tr
ates t
o
d
ev
elo
p
th
e
m
ed
ical
i
m
a
g
i
n
g
ap
p
licatio
n
.
W
e
a
r
a
b
l
e
m
i
c
r
o
s
t
r
i
p
w
i
d
e
b
a
n
d
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
i
s
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
i
n
t
r
i
g
u
i
n
g
t
o
o
l
s
i
n
a
m
i
c
r
o
w
a
v
e
i
m
a
g
i
n
g
a
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
c
o
n
s
i
d
e
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
w
ea
r
a
b
l
e
e
l
e
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
c
o
v
e
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
n
g
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
1
.
6
G
H
z
t
o
1
1
.
2
G
H
z
[
2
]
-
[
6
]
,
w
h
i
c
h
b
a
n
d
w
i
d
t
h
a
t
l
e
a
s
t
o
f
2
G
H
z
o
r
m
o
r
e
.
H
e
n
c
e
,
t
h
e
w
id
e
b
a
n
d
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
w
i
t
h
a
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
3
G
H
z
t
o
6
G
H
z
a
n
d
f
l
e
x
i
b
l
e
a
n
d
w
e
a
r
a
b
l
e
p
r
o
p
e
r
t
i
e
s
i
s
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
e
d
b
y
p
o
l
y
d
i
m
e
t
h
y
l
s
i
l
o
x
a
n
e
(
P
D
M
S
)
.
T
h
e
P
D
M
S
i
s
a
p
o
l
y
m
e
r
g
e
l
d
e
s
i
g
n
e
d
w
i
t
h
a
f
r
a
g
i
l
e
s
u
b
s
t
r
a
t
e
.
I
t
a
c
t
s
a
s
a
s
p
a
c
e
r
b
e
tw
e
e
n
t
h
e
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
a
n
d
t
h
e
h
u
m
a
n
b
o
d
y
t
o
r
e
d
u
c
e
s
i
g
n
a
l
l
o
s
s
a
n
d
a
v
o
i
d
d
i
r
e
c
t
c
o
n
n
e
c
t
i
v
i
t
y
b
e
tw
e
e
n
t
h
e
h
u
m
a
n
b
o
d
y
a
n
d
t
h
e
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
[
7
]
-
[
10
]
.
I
t
a
l
s
o
p
r
o
t
e
c
t
s
t
h
e
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
f
o
r
a
l
o
n
g
e
r
l
i
f
e
s
p
a
n
,
w
h
e
r
e
a
s
t
h
e
w
i
d
e
b
a
n
d
a
l
l
o
w
s
a
h
i
g
h
e
r
r
a
t
e
o
f
t
r
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
a
n
d
e
m
i
t
s
l
o
w
r
a
d
i
a
t
i
o
n
.
T
h
e
m
icr
o
s
tr
ip
an
ten
n
a
h
ad
ch
o
s
en
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
o
th
er
s
,
as
it
allo
w
s
ea
s
y
f
ab
r
icatio
n
,
d
esig
n
atio
n
in
cr
ea
s
e
i
n
th
e
g
ain
,
d
ir
ec
ti
v
i
t
y
,
an
d
f
le
x
ib
ili
t
y
[
3
]
,
[
11
]
,
[
12
]
.
T
h
e
an
ten
n
a
d
esi
g
n
ca
n
ef
f
icien
tl
y
d
is
co
v
er
ab
n
o
r
m
al
b
o
d
y
tis
s
u
e,
a
n
d
it
i
s
s
ec
u
r
e
to
b
e
u
s
ed
[
13
]
-
[
15
]
.
T
h
e
an
ten
n
a
ca
n
n
o
t
ca
r
r
y
a
n
u
n
h
ea
lt
h
y
ef
f
ec
t
o
n
th
e
p
h
y
s
iq
u
e
u
s
ed
in
tr
a
n
s
m
it
tin
g
d
ata
s
i
g
n
al
s
o
n
l
y
.
T
h
e
an
ten
n
a
d
esi
g
n
is
a
n
ticip
ated
t
o
h
av
e
a
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
r
an
g
e
i
n
w
id
eb
an
d
,
an
d
it c
a
n
b
e
u
s
ed
all
o
v
er
t
h
e
h
u
m
an
b
o
d
y
[
16
]
-
[
18
]
.
T
h
e
an
ten
n
a
i
s
d
esig
n
ed
f
o
r
m
ed
ical
ap
p
licatio
n
an
d
ca
n
b
ec
o
m
e
a
w
ar
e
o
f
u
n
u
s
u
al
tis
s
u
e
li
k
e
m
o
s
t
ca
n
ce
r
s
an
d
tu
m
o
r
-
a
f
f
ec
te
d
tis
s
u
e
s
[
19
]
,
[
20
]
.
As th
e
a
n
te
n
n
a
i
s
w
ea
r
ab
le,
it is
s
a
f
e
to
u
s
e
a
n
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
all
y
f
r
ien
d
l
y
.
T
h
e
f
o
u
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
a
n
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
i
s
u
s
e
d
t
o
t
r
a
n
s
m
i
t
o
r
r
e
c
e
i
v
e
t
h
e
d
a
t
a
s
i
g
n
a
l
i
n
a
n
e
l
e
c
t
r
o
m
a
g
n
e
t
i
c
w
a
v
e
.
I
n
o
t
h
e
r
w
o
r
d
s
,
t
h
e
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
i
s
t
h
e
e
l
e
c
t
r
o
m
a
g
n
e
t
i
c
t
r
a
n
s
d
u
c
e
r
t
h
a
t
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
s
t
h
e
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
p
o
w
e
r
t
o
e
l
e
c
t
r
o
m
a
g
n
e
t
i
c
w
a
v
e
s
o
r
v
i
c
e
v
e
r
s
a
w
i
t
h
i
n
a
t
r
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
l
i
n
e
t
o
r
a
d
i
a
t
e
i
n
f
r
e
e
-
s
p
a
c
e
d
u
r
i
n
g
t
r
a
n
s
m
i
t
t
i
n
g
m
o
d
e
o
r
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
f
r
e
e
-
s
p
a
c
e
w
a
v
e
s
t
o
g
u
i
d
e
d
w
a
v
e
s
d
u
r
i
n
g
r
e
c
e
i
v
i
n
g
m
o
d
e
[
21
]
.
E
l
e
c
t
r
o
m
a
g
n
e
t
i
c
w
a
v
e
s
a
r
e
o
f
t
e
n
r
e
f
e
r
r
e
d
t
o
a
s
r
a
d
i
o
w
a
v
e
s
.
B
a
n
d
w
i
d
t
h
i
s
p
r
o
p
o
r
t
i
o
n
a
l
t
o
t
h
e
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
n
g
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
,
w
h
i
c
h
i
s
a
l
s
o
b
a
n
d
w
i
d
t
h
p
e
r
c
e
n
t
a
g
e
.
I
f
b
a
n
d
w
i
d
t
h
i
s
d
e
m
o
n
s
t
r
a
t
e
d
i
n
a
b
s
o
l
u
t
e
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
u
n
i
t
s
,
i
t
w
i
l
l
v
a
r
y
d
e
p
e
n
d
i
n
g
o
n
t
h
e
c
e
n
t
e
r
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
.
T
h
e
r
etu
r
n
lo
s
s
is
a
n
o
t
h
er
m
et
h
o
d
o
f
d
escr
ib
i
n
g
m
is
ali
g
n
m
e
n
t.
T
h
e
r
et
u
r
n
lo
s
s
is
g
e
n
er
all
y
r
e
f
er
r
ed
to
as
S1
1
,
an
d
t
h
e
r
et
u
r
n
lo
s
s
is
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
r
e
f
lecte
d
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
tr
an
s
m
it
tin
g
a
n
te
n
n
a.
An
an
ten
n
a
tr
an
s
m
its
th
e
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
w
a
v
e
to
t
h
e
ta
r
g
et
ar
ea
,
b
u
t
s
o
m
e
s
i
g
n
al
i
s
i
g
n
o
r
ed
,
an
d
it
m
u
s
t
p
as
s
b
ac
k
to
th
e
an
ten
n
a.
S1
1
is
also
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
as
th
e
co
ef
f
icien
t
o
f
r
e
f
lectio
n
s
i
n
ce
it
in
d
icate
s
th
e
r
e
f
lecte
d
p
o
w
er
v
al
u
e.
A
n
te
n
n
a
g
ai
n
i
s
a
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
e,
w
h
i
ch
co
m
b
in
e
s
th
e
d
ir
ec
tiv
it
y
o
f
an
an
te
n
n
a
w
it
h
elec
tr
i
ca
l
ef
f
ic
ien
c
y
.
T
h
e
d
ef
in
i
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
g
ai
n
is
t
h
e
r
atio
o
f
its
d
ir
ec
tio
n
al
r
ad
iatio
n
in
te
n
s
it
y
to
t
h
e
in
te
n
s
it
y
o
f
th
e
r
ad
iatio
n
.
T
h
e
r
ad
iatio
n
p
atter
n
o
f
a
n
a
n
ten
n
a
is
a
g
r
ap
h
ica
l
r
ep
r
esen
tat
io
n
o
f
r
ad
iatio
n
p
r
o
p
er
ties
t
h
at
d
eter
m
i
n
e
s
th
e
d
ir
ec
tiv
it
y
o
f
an
an
te
n
n
a
[
22
]
.
T
h
e
d
ir
ec
tiv
it
y
o
f
th
e
an
ten
n
a
is
u
s
ed
to
f
o
cu
s
th
e
r
ad
iatio
n
b
ea
m
in
t
h
e
d
esire
d
d
ir
ec
tio
n
.
C
o
n
v
er
s
el
y
,
th
e
a
n
t
en
n
a
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
r
ad
iatin
g
eq
u
al
l
y
i
n
all
d
ir
ec
tio
n
s
i
n
a
d
y
n
a
m
ic
d
ev
ice
w
h
er
e
th
e
tr
an
s
ce
i
v
er
is
n
o
t
s
et,
w
h
ic
h
is
k
n
o
w
n
as a
n
o
m
n
id
ir
ec
tio
n
al
an
ten
n
a.
A
li
ter
atu
r
e
r
ev
ie
w
h
a
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
th
e
s
e
m
i
-
f
lex
ib
le
w
id
eb
an
d
an
te
n
n
a
f
o
r
b
io
m
ed
ical
tele
m
etr
y
ap
p
licatio
n
s
w
ith
a
n
o
v
er
all
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
o
f
1
7
mm
x
25
mm
x
0
.
7
8
7
m
m
[
16
]
.
T
h
e
an
ten
n
a
is
g
iv
e
n
a
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
p
atch
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
s
lo
t
s
'
ad
d
itio
n
s
th
e
n
m
o
d
i
f
ied
w
it
h
p
ar
tial
g
r
o
u
n
d
p
lan
e
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
al
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
o
f
1
.
5
GHz
to
3
G
Hz.
I
t
s
u
s
tai
n
s
2
.
5
0
d
B
,
h
ig
h
g
ain
at
2
.
4
GHz
,
a
n
d
s
er
v
es
g
o
o
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
f
o
r
on
-
b
o
d
y
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
a
s
h
ad
test
ed
o
n
p
r
o
x
i
m
it
y
o
f
th
e
h
u
m
a
n
b
o
d
y
.
T
h
e
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
h
as
b
ee
n
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
u
s
i
n
g
a
h
o
o
k
-
s
h
ap
ed
s
t
u
b
r
eso
n
ato
r
w
it
h
t
h
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
p
lan
e.
A
w
id
eb
an
d
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
a
n
d
c
ir
cu
lar
r
in
g
-
s
h
ap
ed
p
atch
an
ten
n
a
w
i
th
g
ap
co
u
p
led
m
ea
n
d
er
ed
p
ar
asit
ic
e
le
m
e
n
ts
d
esig
n
ed
f
o
r
w
ir
eles
s
ap
p
licatio
n
[
23
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
j
ec
ts
ca
r
r
ied
m
a
n
y
o
p
er
ati
o
n
al
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
r
an
g
es
o
f
1
.
2
6
-
1
.
3
6
GHz
,
1
.
8
3
-
3
.
8
1
GHz
,
7
.
6
-
7
.
8
5
GHz
,
9
.
6
-
1
0
.
7
4
GHz
,
1
3
.
5
8
-
1
4
.
2
3
GHz
w
ith
w
ir
eles
s
lo
ca
l
ar
ea
n
et
w
o
r
k
(
W
L
A
N
)
,
w
o
r
ld
w
id
e
in
ter
o
p
er
ab
ilit
y
f
o
r
m
icr
o
w
av
e
ac
ce
s
s
(
W
iM
A
X
)
,
C
,
an
d
X
b
an
d
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
A
f
le
x
ib
le
w
id
eb
an
d
an
te
n
n
a
u
s
i
n
g
P
DM
S
co
m
p
o
s
ite
s
u
b
s
t
r
ate
ch
ar
ac
ter
izatio
n
is
co
n
d
u
cted
.
T
h
e
co
n
d
u
cti
v
e
f
ib
er
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
b
u
ild
m
e
tallic
p
ar
ts
o
n
t
h
e
P
DM
S.
I
t
is
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
g
o
o
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
i
n
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
to
th
eir
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
d
ielec
tr
ic
at
h
i
g
h
er
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cies [
24
].
L
-
s
h
ap
e
f
ed
m
icr
o
s
tr
ip
p
atch
an
te
n
n
a,
w
id
eb
an
d
r
a
n
g
e
b
a
ck
ed
b
y
th
e
co
n
d
u
cto
r
p
lan
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
ed
.
L
-
s
h
ap
ed
f
ed
r
elies
o
n
th
e
p
r
o
x
i
m
it
y
co
u
p
lin
g
s
c
h
e
m
e
to
en
co
u
r
ag
e
r
ad
iatio
n
in
f
r
ee
s
p
ac
e
an
d
o
n
-
b
o
d
y
at
th
e
2
.
4
5
GHz
in
d
u
s
tr
ial,
s
cie
n
ti
f
i
c
an
d
m
ed
ical
(
I
SM
)
b
an
d
[
3
]
.
T
h
e
T
h
e
L
-
s
h
ap
e
f
ee
d
is
u
s
ed
to
o
v
er
co
m
e
t
h
e
co
m
p
ac
t
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
'
s
i
m
p
ed
an
c
e
m
is
m
atc
h
.
T
h
e
co
n
d
u
cto
r
p
lan
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
a
s
a
r
ef
lec
to
r
is
p
lace
d
2
m
m
a
w
a
y
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
a
n
te
n
n
a
to
m
i
n
i
m
ize
th
e
b
ac
k
w
ar
d
r
ad
iatio
n
to
t
h
e
h
u
m
a
n
b
o
d
y
;
th
e
d
is
ta
n
ce
les
s
er
th
a
n
t
h
e
2
mm
w
il
l
af
f
ec
t
th
e
an
ten
n
a
'
s
g
ain
,
w
h
ic
h
m
ea
n
s
lo
w
g
ai
n
v
al
u
e.
T
h
e
w
id
e
i
m
p
ed
a
n
ce
b
an
d
w
id
th
an
d
th
e
r
ad
iatio
n
p
atter
n
s
u
n
co
n
ce
r
n
ed
an
d
m
ee
t th
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t o
f
in
ter
n
et
o
f
th
in
g
s
(
I
o
T
)
w
ea
r
ab
le
s
en
s
o
r
s
.
T
h
e
an
ten
n
a
to
co
n
s
id
er
th
e
w
ea
r
ab
le
p
r
o
p
er
ties
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
u
s
ed
to
p
atch
o
n
t
h
e
h
u
m
a
n
b
o
d
y
.
T
h
e
P
DM
S
e
f
f
e
cts
an
d
r
e
s
u
l
ts
ar
e
te
s
ted
i
n
m
an
y
m
icr
o
s
tr
ip
p
atch
a
n
te
n
n
a
p
r
o
j
ec
ts
[
16
]
,
[
21
]
.
T
h
e
w
ea
r
ab
le
an
ten
n
a
c
h
ar
ac
t
er
is
tic
is
also
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
f
o
r
f
u
t
u
r
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
s
ac
co
r
d
in
g
t
o
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
b
y
d
eter
m
in
i
n
g
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
s
[
25
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
I
n
ve
s
tig
a
tio
n
o
f m
icro
w
a
ve
s
en
s
o
r
a
n
d
in
teg
r
a
te
w
ith
P
o
ly
d
imeth
ylsi
lo
xa
n
e
…
(
N
u
r
h
a
s
n
iz
a
E
d
w
a
r
d
)
951
PD
M
S
is
k
n
o
w
n
as
a
m
at
e
r
ia
l
th
a
t
p
o
te
n
t
t
o
u
s
e
is
s
u
b
je
c
t
t
o
th
e
w
e
a
r
a
b
le
an
d
f
l
ex
i
b
l
e
an
t
en
n
a
.
A
c
c
o
r
d
i
n
g
t
o
a
r
e
s
e
a
r
ch
s
tu
d
y
[
8
]
,
an
an
t
en
n
a
i
s
f
a
b
r
ic
a
t
e
d
w
ith
c
o
p
p
e
r
f
o
i
l
on
PD
MS
s
u
b
s
t
r
at
e
.
T
h
e
c
o
p
p
e
r
a
c
ts
a
s
a
r
a
d
i
a
t
in
g
e
lem
en
t
an
d
a
b
l
e
t
o
h
o
l
d
m
e
ch
an
i
c
al
s
t
r
ain
s
.
T
h
e
a
n
t
en
n
a
d
e
s
ig
n
h
a
s
v
al
u
es
o
f
2
.
7
r
e
l
at
iv
e
p
e
r
m
it
t
iv
ity
a
t
5
.
8
G
Hz
.
T
h
e
l
o
s
s
t
an
g
e
n
t
f
o
u
n
d
is
0
.
0
1
3
r
e
l
a
t
iv
e
ly
o
b
t
ai
n
g
o
o
d
r
e
tu
r
n
l
o
s
s
an
d
r
a
d
i
a
t
i
o
n
p
a
t
t
e
r
n
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
,
a
w
id
eb
an
d
an
te
n
n
a
w
it
h
w
ea
r
ab
le
p
r
o
p
er
ties
o
p
er
ated
in
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
3
GHz
to
6
GHz
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
t
h
i
s
p
ap
er
.
T
h
e
an
te
n
n
a
is
d
esig
n
ed
w
it
h
a
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
-
s
h
ap
ed
p
atc
h
w
it
h
n
o
tc
h
es a
n
d
th
e
t
-
s
lo
t
s
h
ap
ed
p
ar
tial
s
lo
t
g
r
o
u
n
d
.
T
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
u
s
ed
f
o
r
b
an
d
w
id
th
en
lar
g
e
m
en
t
is
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
p
atc
h
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
d
es
ig
n
w
i
th
s
lo
ts
.
A
t
-
s
lo
t
is
ap
p
lied
o
n
t
h
e
b
ase
p
lan
e
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
an
d
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
n
h
i
g
h
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
as t
h
e
ad
d
itio
n
o
f
th
e
n
o
tch
e
s
an
d
s
tair
ca
s
e.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
A
r
ec
ta
n
g
u
lar
p
atch
a
n
te
n
n
a
w
it
h
t
h
e
p
ar
tial
g
r
o
u
n
d
is
d
esig
n
ed
.
T
h
e
an
ten
n
a
d
esig
n
w
it
h
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
s
i
n
T
ab
le
1
is
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
an
ten
n
a
p
atch
is
m
o
d
if
ied
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
b
y
ad
d
in
g
n
o
tc
h
es.
Hig
h
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
s
lo
t
s
w
er
e
o
p
er
ated
,
an
d
r
ip
p
les
w
er
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
.
A
t
-
s
h
ap
ed
n
o
tch
is
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
f
o
r
th
e
p
ar
tial
g
r
o
u
n
d
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
an
te
n
n
a
's
b
an
d
w
id
th
.
T
h
e
t
-
s
h
ap
ed
s
lo
t
h
as
a
h
ig
h
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
o
p
er
atio
n
.
R
o
g
er
D
u
r
o
id
4
3
5
0
B
is
u
s
ed
as
a
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
o
f
th
e
a
n
te
n
n
a
w
it
h
a
t
h
ic
k
n
e
s
s
o
f
0
.
1
6
8
m
m
,
3
.
4
8
p
er
m
i
tti
v
it
y
,
a
n
d
a
ta
n
g
e
n
t
lo
s
s
o
f
0
.
0
0
3
7
.
T
h
e
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
is
c
h
o
s
en
d
u
e
to
its
lo
w
lo
s
s
,
m
ar
k
et
av
a
ilab
ilit
y
,
an
d
v
er
y
s
m
all
t
h
ic
k
n
ess
.
T
h
e
an
te
n
n
a
s
ize
o
f
a
m
in
ia
tu
r
e
a
n
ten
n
a
is
3
8
m
m
(
L
)
x
2
4
m
m
(
W
)
x
0
.
1
6
8
m
m
(
H)
.
T
ab
le
1
.
Dim
e
n
s
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
an
t
en
n
a
S
y
mb
o
l
V
a
l
u
e
(
mm
)
S
y
mb
o
l
V
a
l
u
e
(
mm
)
L
e
n
g
t
h
o
f
p
a
t
c
h
,
L
a
1
1
.
7
W2
1
W
i
d
t
h
o
f
p
a
t
c
h
,
W
16
W3
0
.
8
L
e
n
g
t
h
o
f
f
e
e
d
l
i
n
e
,
y
0
2
0
.
8
W4
0
.
6
5
L
e
n
g
t
h
o
f
su
b
st
r
a
t
e
28
L1
1
W
i
d
t
h
o
f
su
b
st
r
a
t
e
24
L2
1
G
r
o
u
n
d
l
e
n
g
t
h
20
L3
1
F
e
e
d
l
i
n
e
w
i
d
t
h
0
.
8
L4
0
.
5
W1
1
.
2
L5
1
.
3
L
e
n
g
t
h
o
f
su
b
st
r
a
t
e
28
L1
1
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Fro
n
t a
n
d
b
ac
k
v
ie
w
o
f
th
e
an
ten
n
a
T
h
e
an
ten
n
a
is
d
esi
g
n
ed
i
n
th
e
C
ST
So
f
t
w
ar
e
in
ad
v
a
n
ce
f
o
r
th
e
m
o
d
if
ied
p
u
r
p
o
s
e.
T
h
e
S
-
p
ar
am
eter
o
f
t
h
e
a
n
te
n
n
a
is
th
e
p
r
i
m
ar
y
co
n
ce
r
n
o
f
th
e
an
te
n
n
a,
a
n
d
th
e
r
e
f
lectio
n
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
o
f
b
etter
th
a
n
1
0
d
B
is
tak
en
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t.
T
h
e
S
-
p
ar
a
m
eter
f
o
r
s
i
m
u
lated
an
ten
n
a
f
r
o
m
3
GHz
to
6
GHz
i
s
d
ep
icted
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
r
ad
iatio
n
p
atter
n
is
o
n
th
e
E
-
p
lan
e
o
f
th
e
a
n
ten
n
a
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
o
m
n
id
ir
ec
tio
n
al
a
n
ten
n
a
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
,
an
d
th
e
h
ig
h
e
s
t g
ai
n
is
6
.
7
3
1
d
B
at
6
GHz
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
2
4
,
No
.
2
,
No
v
e
m
b
er
20
21
:
94
9
-
95
6
952
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
R
etu
r
n
lo
s
s
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
R
ad
iatio
n
p
atter
n
at
6
GHz
T
h
e
an
ten
n
a
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
s
a
r
e
d
esig
n
ed
.
T
h
e
s
p
ec
if
icat
io
n
s
s
u
c
h
as
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
,
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
r
a
n
g
e,
an
d
p
atch
a
n
ten
n
a
ca
n
i
n
d
ee
d
b
e
s
et
f
o
r
an
te
n
n
a
p
r
ef
i
x
.
T
h
e
p
er
m
i
tti
v
it
y
an
d
t
h
ic
k
n
e
s
s
o
f
t
h
e
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
ar
e
ess
e
n
tial
f
o
r
th
e
d
esig
n
o
f
t
h
e
an
ten
n
a.
T
h
e
m
ater
ial
u
s
ed
as
a
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
is
s
u
p
p
o
s
ed
to
b
e
R
o
g
er
Du
r
o
id
4
3
5
0
B
.
T
h
e
m
ater
ial
is
ch
o
s
en
b
as
ed
o
n
its
d
u
r
ab
ilit
y
a
n
d
is
co
m
m
er
ciall
y
a
v
ailab
le.
T
h
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t
s
ee
k
s
to
ex
p
an
d
th
e
an
ten
n
a
w
it
h
t
h
e
c
o
r
r
ec
t
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
i
n
tec
h
n
ica
l
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
at
th
i
s
p
o
in
t.
T
h
e
p
h
y
s
ical
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
an
te
n
n
a
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
s
o
m
e
h
o
w
ca
lib
r
ated
an
d
co
n
f
ig
u
r
ed
f
o
r
a
s
atis
f
ac
to
r
y
r
esp
o
n
s
e.
3.
P
O
L
YDIM
E
T
H
Y
L
SI
L
O
XA
NE
I
N
T
E
G
R
AT
I
O
N
T
h
e
an
ten
n
a
is
e
m
b
ed
d
ed
w
i
t
h
P
DM
S,
a
n
d
t
h
e
r
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
th
e
a
n
te
n
n
a
i
s
s
i
m
u
lated
a
n
d
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
.
P
DM
S
is
h
av
i
n
g
th
e
d
ielec
tr
ic
co
n
s
tan
t,
εr
o
f
2
.
7
,
an
d
th
e
d
is
s
ip
atio
n
f
ac
to
r
,
tan
σ
o
f
0
.
0
0
9
.
Half
P
DM
S
an
d
f
u
ll
P
DM
S
ar
e
in
teg
r
ated
w
i
th
th
e
a
n
ten
n
a.
Hal
f
P
DM
S
an
ten
n
a
is
o
n
l
y
co
v
er
ed
o
n
t
h
e
to
p
h
alf
o
f
t
h
e
an
ten
n
a.
T
h
e
P
DM
S
is
o
n
l
y
i
n
teg
r
ated
o
n
th
e
p
atc
h
.
T
h
e
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
P
DM
S
o
n
th
e
an
te
n
n
a
i
s
2
4
m
m
(
W
)
x
1
9
m
m
(
L
)
x
1
m
m
(
H)
.
T
h
e
an
ten
n
a
w
i
th
f
u
ll P
DM
S
is
f
u
ll
y
co
v
er
ed
o
n
th
e
to
p
o
f
t
h
e
an
ten
n
a
w
i
th
2
4
m
m
(
W
)
x
3
8
m
m
(
L
)
x
1
.
1
6
8
m
m
(
H)
.
Fi
g
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
ws
t
h
e
an
ten
n
a
w
i
th
h
al
f
P
D
MS
an
d
f
u
ll
P
DM
S
e
m
b
ed
d
ed
.
P
DM
S
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
n
th
e
to
p
an
te
n
n
a
is
t
h
e
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
m
ater
ial
u
s
ed
as
a
s
p
ac
er
to
p
r
o
tect
th
e
an
ten
n
a.
T
h
e
b
e
n
d
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
an
te
n
n
a
v
er
if
ica
tio
n
tak
e
s
p
lace
w
ith
an
d
w
it
h
o
u
t
P
DM
S
to
a
n
al
y
ze
t
h
e
f
le
x
ib
ilit
y
o
u
tco
m
e
o
f
th
e
a
n
te
n
n
a.
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lt
s
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
an
d
w
it
h
o
u
t
P
D
MS
in
t
h
e
an
te
n
n
a.
T
h
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
P
DM
S
is
th
e
w
av
e
f
o
r
m
s
h
if
t
to
t
h
e
lef
t
b
ased
o
n
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
T
h
e
lo
w
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
's
r
et
u
r
n
lo
s
s
is
r
ed
u
ce
d
w
h
ile
at
h
i
g
h
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
i
s
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
.
B
ased
o
n
Fig
u
r
e
6
,
th
e
r
ad
iatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
an
te
n
n
a
s
h
o
w
s
f
o
r
h
al
f
P
DM
S
an
d
f
u
ll
P
DM
S
in
te
g
r
atio
n
at
4
.
5
GHz
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
e
g
ai
n
s
h
o
w
s
a
r
is
e
i
n
t
h
e
g
a
in
f
o
r
P
DM
S
i
n
teg
r
ati
o
n
at
t
h
e
4
.
5
GHz
as
w
e
ll.
T
h
e
r
ad
iatio
n
p
atter
n
o
f
th
e
a
n
ten
n
a
s
h
o
w
s
it i
s
a
n
o
m
n
id
ir
ec
tio
n
al
an
ten
n
a.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
I
n
ve
s
tig
a
tio
n
o
f m
icro
w
a
ve
s
en
s
o
r
a
n
d
in
teg
r
a
te
w
ith
P
o
ly
d
imeth
ylsi
lo
xa
n
e
…
(
N
u
r
h
a
s
n
iz
a
E
d
w
a
r
d
)
953
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Hall
an
d
f
u
ll P
DM
S
an
ten
n
a
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
C
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
a
n
ten
n
a
f
o
r
r
etu
r
n
lo
s
s
p
ar
a
m
et
er
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
C
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
r
ad
iatio
n
p
atter
n
o
f
an
ten
n
a
T
h
e
o
v
er
all
g
a
in
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
an
ten
n
a
s
i
s
s
i
m
ilar
.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
T
ab
le
2
,
it
d
if
f
er
s
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
an
ten
n
as a
t a
s
p
ec
if
ic
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
.
T
h
e
an
te
n
n
as
'
g
ain
in
P
DM
S is
lo
w
at
6
GHz
,
a
s
th
e
a
n
ten
n
a
's r
etu
r
n
lo
s
s
is
r
ed
u
ce
d
.
T
h
e
f
u
ll
P
DM
S
a
n
ten
n
a
h
a
s
a
g
ai
n
o
f
6
,
1
8
3
d
B
i
at
6
GHz
,
lo
w
er
t
h
an
t
h
e
o
t
h
e
r
an
ten
n
a
s
b
ec
a
u
s
e
o
f
an
an
ten
n
a
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
r
ed
u
ctio
n
w
it
h
f
u
ll P
DM
S.
T
ab
le
2
.
C
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
an
ten
n
a
f
o
r
g
ain
p
ar
a
m
eter
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
(
G
H
z
)
G
a
i
n
(
d
B
)
W
i
t
h
o
u
t
P
D
M
S
H
a
l
f
P
D
M
S
F
U
LL
P
D
M
S
3
4
.
9
4
3
5
.
1
6
2
5
.
2
8
6
4
.
5
6
.
6
6
2
6
.
7
0
4
6
.
7
3
0
6
6
.
7
3
1
6
.
2
5
2
6
.
1
8
3
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
2
4
,
No
.
2
,
No
v
e
m
b
er
20
21
:
94
9
-
95
6
954
4.
F
L
E
X
I
B
L
E
CO
NF
I
G
URA
T
I
O
N
T
h
e
an
ten
n
a
i
s
th
e
n
ca
r
r
ied
w
it
h
b
en
d
i
n
g
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
b
y
ce
r
tai
n
an
g
le
s
.
T
h
e
r
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
th
e
an
ten
n
a
is
s
i
m
u
la
ted
an
d
o
b
s
er
v
ed
f
o
r
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
ad
ap
t
to
th
e
h
u
m
a
n
b
o
d
y
.
T
h
e
b
en
d
in
g
o
f
th
e
a
n
ten
n
a
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
v
er
ticall
y
at
b
o
t
h
s
id
es
f
o
r
fu
ll
P
DM
S
an
d
h
alf
P
DM
S
a
n
ten
n
a,
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
i
g
u
r
e
7
.
T
h
e
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
is
m
ad
e
b
y
co
n
v
er
tin
g
th
e
a
n
ten
n
a
'
s
s
o
lid
p
r
o
p
er
ty
to
a
s
h
ee
t
an
d
s
i
m
u
lat
in
g
b
en
d
s
h
ap
e
b
y
d
eg
r
ee
m
et
h
o
d
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
T
h
ese
f
ig
u
r
e
ar
e;
(
a)
Fu
ll P
DM
S
,
(
b
)
h
alf
P
DM
S
an
ten
n
a
e
n
d
in
g
at
th
e
a
n
g
le
o
f
0
T
h
e
S
-
p
ar
am
eter
o
f
t
h
e
an
ten
n
a
en
d
i
n
g
th
a
t
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
ed
at
th
e
a
n
g
le
o
f
0
s
h
o
w
s
in
F
ig
u
r
e
8
.
T
h
e
r
ef
lectio
n
co
ef
f
icie
n
t o
f
b
etter
th
an
1
0
d
B
is
co
u
n
ted
; t
h
u
s
,
0
.
4
GHz
s
h
r
in
k
a
g
e
o
f
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
al
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
i
s
o
b
s
er
v
ed
at
a
lo
w
er
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
,
3
GHz
.
T
h
e
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
i
s
an
al
y
ze
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
etu
r
n
lo
s
s
f
ac
to
r
;
2
.
6
GHz
o
f
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
is
attai
n
ed
an
d
s
h
o
w
s
5
5
.
3
2
%
o
f
th
e
b
an
d
w
id
th
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
e,
w
h
ic
h
li
es
in
t
h
e
w
id
eb
an
d
r
an
g
e.
T
h
e
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
o
f
th
e
f
le
x
ib
le
P
DM
S
an
te
n
n
a
p
o
s
s
es
s
es
lo
w
v
a
lu
e
t
h
an
th
e
a
n
te
n
n
a
w
it
h
o
u
t
b
en
d
in
g
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
.
T
h
e
f
u
l
l
P
DM
S
an
d
h
al
f
P
DM
S
an
ten
n
a
s
h
ar
e
a
s
i
m
il
ar
r
esp
o
n
s
e
as
th
e
an
ten
n
a
w
it
h
o
u
t P
DM
S.
T
h
e
r
ad
iatio
n
p
atter
n
f
o
r
h
a
lf
a
n
d
f
u
ll
an
te
n
n
a
P
DM
S
s
h
o
w
s
a
s
i
m
ilar
p
atter
n
.
T
h
e
an
t
e
n
n
a
's
r
ad
iatio
n
p
atter
n
is
o
n
t
h
e
E
-
p
lan
e
a
n
d
it
is
a
n
o
m
n
id
ir
ec
tio
n
al
a
n
ten
n
a.
T
h
e
g
ai
n
i
n
cr
ea
s
es
as
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
in
cr
ea
s
e
a
n
d
t
h
e
p
ea
k
g
ai
n
a
t
6
GHz
is
6
.
0
0
2
d
B
f
o
r
an
ten
n
a
w
it
h
o
u
t
P
DM
S,
7
.
1
1
3
d
B
f
o
r
h
alf
P
DM
S
an
ten
n
a,
an
d
7
.
1
0
6
d
B
f
o
r
f
u
ll
P
DM
S
an
ten
n
a.
T
h
e
o
v
er
all
g
ain
i
s
ac
ce
p
tab
le
as
th
e
v
al
u
es
ar
e
p
o
s
itiv
e.
T
h
e
o
v
er
all
g
ai
n
is
tab
u
lated
an
d
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
es
u
lts
,
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
T
ab
le
3
.
Fig
u
r
e
8.
S
-
p
ar
a
m
eter
r
es
u
lts
o
f
th
e
a
n
ten
n
a
T
ab
le
3
.
C
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
s
i
m
u
l
ated
g
ain
o
f
a
n
te
n
n
a
f
o
r
P
DM
S in
te
g
r
atio
n
a
n
d
b
en
d
in
g
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
(
G
H
z
)
W
i
t
h
o
u
t
P
D
M
S
H
A
L
F
P
D
M
S
F
U
LL
P
D
M
S
D
EG
R
EE
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
.
0
4
.
9
4
3
3
.
0
4
8
5
.
2
8
6
4
.
0
2
6
5
.
1
6
2
4
.
0
2
9
4
.
5
6
.
6
6
2
5
.
7
1
6
6
.
7
3
0
6
.
6
7
1
6
.
7
0
4
6
.
6
7
1
6
.
0
6
.
7
3
1
6
.
0
0
2
6
.
1
8
3
7
.
1
1
3
6
.
2
5
2
7
.
1
0
6
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4752
I
n
ve
s
tig
a
tio
n
o
f m
icro
w
a
ve
s
en
s
o
r
a
n
d
in
teg
r
a
te
w
ith
P
o
ly
d
imeth
ylsi
lo
xa
n
e
…
(
N
u
r
h
a
s
n
iz
a
E
d
w
a
r
d
)
955
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
w
id
eb
an
d
a
n
ten
n
a
i
s
t
h
o
r
o
u
g
h
l
y
i
n
v
e
s
ti
g
ated
f
o
r
m
ed
i
ca
l
ap
p
licatio
n
s
w
i
th
th
e
aid
o
f
P
DM
S.
T
h
e
an
ten
n
a
i
s
m
o
d
eled
w
ith
p
ar
tial
g
r
o
u
n
d
.
T
h
e
m
e
th
o
d
u
s
ed
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
an
te
n
n
a
's
o
p
er
atio
n
al
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
is
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
p
atch
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
at
io
n
d
esig
n
w
i
th
s
lo
ts
f
o
r
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
e
n
lar
g
e
m
e
n
t.
A
t
-
s
lo
t i
s
ap
p
lied
o
n
th
e
b
ase
p
lan
e
f
o
r
th
e
s
a
m
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e,
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
n
h
i
g
h
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
as
t
h
e
ad
d
itio
n
o
f
t
h
e
n
o
t
ch
es
a
n
d
s
tair
ca
s
e.
Fre
q
u
en
c
y
also
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
s
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
ip
p
les as t
h
e
n
o
tch
i
n
cr
ea
s
es.
As a
c
u
l
m
i
n
atio
n
o
f
th
e
a
n
ten
n
a
d
es
ig
n
w
it
h
a
n
o
v
er
all
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
o
f
2
4
m
m
(
W
)
x
3
8
m
m
(
L
)
x
0
.
1
6
8
m
m
(
H)
d
ev
elo
p
ed
o
n
R
o
g
er
s
D
u
r
o
id
4
3
5
0
B
w
it
h
3
.
4
8
d
ielec
tr
ic
c
o
n
s
tan
t
.
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
ill
u
s
tr
ates
th
at
th
e
an
ten
n
a
w
it
h
a
p
ar
tia
l
g
r
o
u
n
d
,
w
id
e
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
a
n
d
o
m
n
id
ir
ec
tio
n
al
an
te
n
n
a
attai
n
ed
.
T
h
e
a
n
ten
n
a
i
s
t
h
en
i
n
teg
r
ated
w
ith
P
DM
S
to
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
t
h
e
w
ea
r
ab
le
p
r
o
p
er
ties
.
T
h
e
P
D
MS
-
e
m
b
ed
d
ed
an
ten
n
as
ar
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
tiated
i
n
to
h
al
f
P
DM
S
an
d
f
u
ll
P
DM
S.
M
P
ar
t
o
f
th
e
P
DM
S
is
s
h
ield
ed
o
n
th
e
a
n
te
n
n
a
w
i
th
th
e
to
p
h
al
f
w
it
h
2
4
m
m
(
W
)
x
1
9
m
m
(
L
)
x
1
m
m
(
H)
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
,
w
h
ile
t
h
e
f
u
ll
P
D
MS
an
te
n
n
a
i
s
t
h
e
an
te
n
n
a
co
v
er
s
2
4
m
m
(
W
)
x
3
8
m
m
(
L
)
x
1
m
m
(
W
)
x
1
m
m
P
DM
S
(
H)
.
T
h
e
P
DM
S
ap
p
li
ca
tio
n
ex
p
an
d
s
t
h
e
an
te
n
n
a
th
ick
n
e
s
s
b
y
1
m
m
.
Hal
f
-
P
DM
S
an
te
n
n
a
w
it
h
a
s
i
m
u
lated
r
esu
lt
w
ith
a
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
o
f
3
GHz
5
.
4
7
GHz
,
w
h
ile
th
e
f
u
l
l
P
DM
S
an
ten
n
a
h
as
a
b
an
d
w
id
th
o
f
3
GHz
to
5
.
4
GHz
.
T
h
e
P
DM
S a
n
ten
n
a
r
ed
u
ce
s
t
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
al
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
o
f
t
h
e
in
i
tial a
n
te
n
n
a.
T
h
e
an
ten
n
a
is
,
i
n
d
ee
d
,
s
ec
u
r
ed
b
y
t
h
e
P
DM
S
as
a
wea
r
ab
le
p
r
o
p
er
ty
an
ten
n
a.
T
h
e
an
te
n
n
a
in
co
r
p
o
r
ated
w
it
h
P
DM
S
i
s
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
l
y
ac
co
u
n
ted
f
o
r
b
y
th
is
an
a
l
y
t
ic
p
r
o
j
ec
t.
R
esp
ec
t
to
th
e
d
esi
g
n
t
h
eo
r
y
an
d
co
n
ce
p
ts
w
er
e
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
ll
y
p
r
esen
ted
w
i
th
t
h
e
s
i
m
u
l
atio
n
r
esu
lts
.
T
h
is
i
n
itiati
v
e
w
a
s
li
m
ited
to
th
e
w
id
eb
an
d
m
ed
ical
aid
an
te
n
n
a.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
s
ev
er
al
v
iab
le
ac
co
m
p
li
s
h
m
e
n
t
s
to
th
e
f
ield
o
f
r
esear
ch
p
r
ac
tice
in
w
h
ic
h
f
o
r
f
u
t
u
r
e
p
r
o
g
r
ess
.
T
h
is
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
i
s
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
o
n
a
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
s
h
ap
ed
p
atch
w
it
h
a
p
ar
tial
f
ield
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e,
an
d
s
t
u
d
ies
ca
n
b
e
ex
a
m
in
ed
o
n
a
o
n
e
-
w
a
y
a
n
ten
n
a
w
i
th
a
f
u
ll
g
r
o
u
n
d
p
lan
e
f
o
r
b
etter
d
ir
ec
tiv
it
y
an
d
g
ai
n
.
B
esid
es,
th
e
an
ten
n
a
ca
n
b
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
s
o
m
e
v
er
s
atile
a
n
te
n
n
a
p
r
o
p
er
ties
,
w
h
ic
h
allo
w
it
to
b
e
u
s
ed
o
n
an
y
p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
b
o
d
y
an
d
p
atch
ab
le.
A
n
ten
n
a
w
it
h
f
lex
ib
le
en
h
an
ce
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
p
er
tie
s
is
i
m
p
o
te
n
t
in
th
e
m
ed
ical
ap
p
licatio
n
f
o
r
q
u
ick
er
s
ca
tter
ed
ac
cu
m
u
lat
io
n
.
E
v
en
m
o
r
e,
r
esear
ch
ca
n
b
e
d
o
n
e
o
n
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
o
f
th
e
u
l
tr
a
-
w
id
e
b
a
n
d
(
UW
B
)
.
T
h
e
lo
w
er
s
ec
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
UW
B
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
s
p
ec
t
r
u
m
o
f
f
er
s
g
r
ea
ter
p
en
etr
atio
n
,
w
h
ile
th
e
h
ig
h
er
p
ar
t
allo
w
s
b
etter
i
m
a
g
e
r
eso
l
u
tio
n
.
T
h
e
an
te
n
n
a
w
h
ic
h
o
p
er
ates
i
n
t
h
e
UW
B
ca
n
p
en
etr
ate
th
e
s
i
g
n
a
l i
n
to
t
h
e
h
u
m
a
n
b
o
d
y
a
n
d
m
o
d
el
t
h
e
r
eso
lu
tio
n
o
f
th
e
p
ictu
r
e
t
h
at
i
n
p
lace
.
Fin
al
l
y
,
t
h
e
an
ten
n
a
f
o
r
m
ed
ical
ap
p
licatio
n
s
ca
n
tec
h
n
ica
ll
y
b
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
u
n
iq
u
e
ca
s
e
s
o
f
t
is
s
u
e
d
etec
tio
n
.
T
h
e
an
te
n
n
a
ca
n
r
ec
o
n
s
tr
u
ct
t
h
e
i
m
ag
e
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
ca
tter
ed
i
m
ag
e
s
i
g
n
al
a
n
d
s
e
n
s
e
t
h
e
lo
ca
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
ir
r
eg
u
la
r
tis
s
u
e.
ACK
NO
WL
E
D
G
E
M
E
NT
S
W
e
ar
e
g
r
atef
u
l
to
U
n
iv
er
s
iti
T
ek
n
ik
al
Ma
la
y
s
ia
Me
la
k
a
(
UT
eM
)
u
n
d
er
th
e
Z
a
m
ala
h
S
ch
e
m
e
f
o
r
th
eir
en
co
u
r
ag
e
m
en
t a
n
d
h
elp
in
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
f
i
n
an
cia
ll
y
to
co
m
p
lete
th
is
r
esear
ch
w
o
r
k
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
A
.
H.
G
o
ln
a
b
i,
P
.
M
.
M
e
a
n
e
y
,
S
.
Ge
i
m
e
r,
a
n
d
K.
D.
P
a
u
lse
n
,
"
M
i
c
ro
w
a
v
e
i
m
a
g
in
g
f
o
r
b
re
a
st
c
a
n
c
e
r
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
a
n
d
th
e
ra
p
y
m
o
n
it
o
ri
n
g
,
"
2
0
1
1
I
EE
E
T
o
p
ic
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Bi
o
me
d
ic
a
l
W
ire
les
s
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
,
Ne
two
r
k
s,
a
n
d
S
e
n
sin
g
S
y
ste
ms
,
2
0
1
1
,
p
p
.
5
9
-
6
2
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/BIOW
IREL
ES
S
.
2
0
1
1
.
5
7
2
4
3
4
7
.
[2
]
X
.
L
in
,
Y.
Ch
e
n
,
Z
.
G
o
n
g
,
B.
S
e
e
t,
L
.
Hu
a
n
g
,
a
n
d
Y.
L
u
,
"
Ultra
w
id
e
b
a
n
d
T
e
x
ti
le
A
n
ten
n
a
f
o
r
W
e
a
r
a
b
le M
icro
w
a
v
e
M
e
d
ica
l
Im
a
g
in
g
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,"
i
n
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
s o
n
A
n
ten
n
a
s
a
n
d
Pro
p
a
g
a
t
io
n
,
v
o
l.
6
8
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
4
2
3
8
-
4
2
4
9
,
Ju
n
e
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/T
A
P
.
2
0
2
0
.
2
9
7
0
0
7
2
.
[3
]
C.
E.
G
u
a
n
a
n
d
T
.
F
u
ji
m
o
to
,
“
De
sig
n
o
f
a
W
id
e
a
n
d
L
-
S
h
a
p
e
F
e
d
M
icro
strip
P
a
tch
A
n
ten
n
a
Ba
c
k
e
d
b
y
Co
n
d
u
c
to
r
P
la
n
e
f
o
r
M
e
d
ica
l
Bo
d
y
A
re
a
Ne
t
w
o
rk
,
”
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
9
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
.
2
1
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/ele
c
tro
n
ics
9
0
1
0
0
2
1
.
[4
]
A
.
S
.
M
.
A
lq
a
d
a
m
i
a
n
d
M
.
F
.
Ja
m
lo
s,
"
De
si
g
n
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
f
le
x
ib
le
a
n
d
e
las
ti
c
UW
B
w
e
a
ra
b
le
a
n
ten
n
a
o
n
P
DM
S
su
b
stra
te,"
2
0
1
4
IEE
E
As
ia
-
Pa
c
if
ic
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Ap
p
li
e
d
El
e
c
tro
ma
g
n
e
ti
c
s
(
AP
ACE
)
,
2
0
1
4
,
p
p
.
2
7
-
3
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/A
P
A
CE.
2
0
1
4
.
7
0
4
3
7
9
9
.
[5
]
R.
B.
V
.
B
.
S
im
o
ra
n
g
k
ir,
A
.
Kio
u
rti
,
a
n
d
K.
P
.
Esse
ll
e
,
"
UW
B
W
e
a
ra
b
le
A
n
ten
n
a
W
it
h
a
F
u
ll
G
ro
u
n
d
P
la
n
e
Ba
se
d
o
n
P
DMS
-
Em
b
e
d
d
e
d
Co
n
d
u
c
t
iv
e
F
a
b
ric,"
in
IEE
E
An
ten
n
a
s
a
n
d
W
ire
les
s
Pro
p
a
g
a
t
io
n
L
e
tt
e
rs
,
v
o
l.
1
7
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
4
9
3
-
4
9
6
,
M
a
rc
h
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/L
A
W
P
.
2
0
1
8
.
2
7
9
7
2
5
1
.
[6
]
L
.
A
.
Yi
m
d
jo
P
o
f
f
e
li
e
,
P
.
J.
S
o
h
,
S
.
Ya
n
,
a
n
d
G
.
A
.
E.
V
a
n
d
e
n
b
o
s
c
h
,
"
A
Hi
g
h
-
F
id
e
li
ty
A
ll
-
T
e
x
ti
le
UW
B
A
n
ten
n
a
W
it
h
L
o
w
Ba
c
k
Ra
d
iatio
n
f
o
r
Off
-
Bo
d
y
W
B
A
N
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,"
in
IEE
E
T
r
a
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
An
ten
n
a
s
a
n
d
Pro
p
a
g
a
ti
o
n
,
v
o
l
.
6
4
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
7
5
7
-
7
6
0
,
F
e
b
ru
a
ry
2
0
1
6
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/T
A
P
.
2
0
1
5
.
2
5
1
0
0
3
5
.
[7
]
K.
G
u
id
o
a
n
d
A
.
Kio
u
r
ti
,
“
W
irele
ss
Wea
ra
les
a
n
d
I
m
p
lan
ts:
A
D
o
sim
e
tr
y
Re
v
ie
w
,
”
Bi
o
e
lec
tro
ma
g
n
e
ti
c
s
,
v
o
l.
4
1
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
3
-
2
0
,
De
c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
0
2
/b
e
m
.
2
2
2
4
0
.
[8
]
B.
M
o
h
a
m
a
d
z
a
d
e
,
R.
M
.
Ha
sh
m
i
,
R.
B.
V.
B.
S
im
o
ra
n
g
k
ir,
R.
G
h
a
ra
e
i,
S
Ur
Re
h
m
a
n
,
a
n
d
Q.
H.
A
b
b
a
si,
"
Re
c
e
n
t
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
s
in
F
a
rica
ti
o
n
M
e
t
h
o
d
s
f
o
r
F
lex
i
le
A
n
ten
n
a
s
in
W
e
a
ra
le
De
v
ice
s:
S
tate
o
f
th
e
A
rt,
”
S
e
n
so
rs
,
v
o
l.
1
9
,
n
o
.
1
0
,
p
.
2
3
1
2
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/s1
9
1
0
2
3
1
2
.
[9
]
A
.
Y.
I.
A
sh
a
p
e
t
a
l.
,
"
F
lex
i
l
e
W
e
a
ra
le
A
n
ten
n
a
o
n
E
lec
tro
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
Ba
n
d
G
a
p
u
sin
g
P
D
M
S
su
stra
te,”
T
EL
KOM
NIKA
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
,
Co
m
p
u
t
in
g
,
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Co
n
tro
l
,
v
o
l.
1
5
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
4
5
4
-
1
4
6
0
,
S
e
p
t
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
2
9
2
8
/
telk
o
m
n
ik
a
.
v
1
5
i3
.
7
2
1
4
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4752
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
2
4
,
No
.
2
,
No
v
e
m
b
er
20
21
:
94
9
-
95
6
956
[1
0
]
D.
K.
Ja
n
a
p
a
la,
M
.
Ne
sa
su
d
h
a
,
T
.
M
.
Ne
e
b
h
a
,
a
n
d
R.
K
u
m
a
r,
"
F
le
x
ib
le
P
D
M
S
A
n
ten
n
a
Ba
c
k
e
d
w
it
h
M
e
tas
u
rf
a
c
e
f
o
r
2
.
4
G
Hz
W
e
a
ra
b
le
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,"
2
0
1
9
IEE
E
1
st
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
E
n
e
rg
y
,
S
y
ste
ms
a
n
d
I
n
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
Pro
c
e
ss
in
g
(
ICES
IP)
,
2
0
1
9
,
p
p
.
1
-
3
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/ICE
S
I
P
4
6
3
4
8
.
2
0
1
9
.
8
9
3
8
2
3
5
.
[1
1
]
F
.
A
lsh
a
ri
f
a
n
d
C.
Ku
rn
a
z
,
"
W
e
a
r
a
b
le
M
icro
strip
P
a
tch
Ultra
W
id
e
Ba
n
d
A
n
ten
n
a
f
o
r
Bre
a
st
Ca
n
c
e
r
De
tec
ti
o
n
,
"
in
2
0
1
8
4
1
st
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
S
i
g
n
a
l
Pr
o
c
e
ss
in
g
(
T
S
P)
,
2
0
1
8
,
p
p
.
1
-
5
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/T
S
P
.
2
0
1
8
.
8
4
4
1
3
3
5
.
[1
2
]
R.
In
u
m
,
M
.
M
.
Ra
n
a
,
a
n
d
M
.
A
.
Qu
a
d
e
r,
"
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
o
f
a
n
e
ff
icie
n
t
m
icro
strip
p
a
tch
a
n
ten
n
a
f
o
r
m
icro
w
a
v
e
b
ra
in
im
a
g
in
g
s
y
st
e
m
,
"
2
0
1
6
3
rd
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
E
lec
trica
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
I
n
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
(
ICEE
ICT
)
,
2
0
1
6
,
p
p
.
1
-
6
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/CE
EICT
.
2
0
1
6
.
7
8
7
3
1
1
8
.
[1
3
]
A
.
Y.
I.
A
sh
y
a
p
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
A
n
Ov
e
rv
ie
w
o
f
El
e
c
tro
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
Ba
n
d
-
G
a
p
In
teg
ra
ted
W
e
a
ra
b
le
A
n
ten
n
a
s,"
in
IEE
E
Acc
e
ss
,
v
o
l.
8
,
p
p
.
7
6
4
1
-
7
6
5
8
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/A
CCES
S
.
2
0
2
0
.
2
9
6
3
9
9
7
.
[1
4
]
R.
B.
V.
B.
S
im
o
ra
n
g
k
ir,
Y.
Ya
n
g
,
L
.
M
a
tek
o
v
it
s,
a
n
d
K.
P
.
Esse
ll
e
,
"
Du
a
l
-
Ba
n
d
Du
a
l
-
M
o
d
e
T
e
x
ti
le
A
n
ten
n
a
o
n
P
DM
S
S
u
b
stra
te
f
o
r
Bo
d
y
-
Ce
n
tri
c
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s,"
in
IEE
E
An
t
e
n
n
a
s a
n
d
W
ire
les
s
Pro
p
a
g
a
ti
o
n
L
e
tt
e
rs
,
v
o
l.
1
6
,
p
p
.
6
7
7
-
6
8
0
,
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
LAW
P
.
2
0
1
6
.
2
5
9
8
7
2
9
.
[1
5
]
M
.
N.
Ra
m
li
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
S
A
R
f
o
r
w
e
a
ra
b
le
a
n
ten
n
a
s
w
it
h
A
M
C
m
a
d
e
u
sin
g
P
DMS
a
n
d
tex
ti
les
,
"
2
0
1
7
XX
XII
n
d
Ge
n
e
ra
l
Asse
mb
ly
a
n
d
S
c
ien
ti
fi
c
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m
o
f
t
h
e
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Un
io
n
o
f
R
a
d
io
S
c
ien
c
e
(
URS
I
GAS
S
)
,
2
0
1
7
,
p
p
.
1
-
3
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
2
3
9
1
9
/UR
S
IGA
S
S
.
2
0
1
7
.
8
1
0
5
3
5
3
.
[
1
6
]
A
.
S
m
i
d
a
,
A
.
I
q
b
a
l
,
A
.
J
.
A
l
a
z
e
m
i
,
M
.
I
.
W
a
l
y
,
R
.
G
h
a
y
o
u
l
a
,
a
n
d
S
.
K
i
m
,
"
W
i
d
e
b
a
n
d
W
e
a
r
a
b
l
e
A
n
t
e
n
n
a
f
o
r
B
i
o
m
e
d
i
c
a
l
T
e
l
e
m
e
t
r
y
A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
"
i
n
I
E
E
E
A
c
c
e
s
s
,
v
o
l
.
8
,
p
p
.
1
5
6
8
7
-
1
5
6
9
4
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
A
C
C
E
S
S
.
2
0
2
0
.
2
9
6
7
4
1
3
.
[1
7
]
T
.
W
.
Ei
g
e
n
tl
e
r
e
t
a
l.
,
"
W
id
e
b
a
n
d
S
e
lf
-
G
ro
u
n
d
e
d
Bo
w
-
T
ie
A
n
t
e
n
n
a
f
o
r
T
h
e
r
m
a
l
M
R,
”
NM
R
i
n
Bi
o
me
d
ici
n
e
,
v
o
l.
3
3
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
.
e
4
2
7
4
,
M
a
y
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
0
2
/n
b
m
.
4
2
7
4
.
[1
8
]
A
.
Da
r
v
a
z
e
h
b
a
n
,
S
.
A
.
Re
z
a
e
i
e
h
,
a
n
d
A
.
A
b
b
o
sh
,
"
W
id
e
b
a
n
d
a
n
d
Co
m
p
a
c
t
M
a
g
n
e
to
-
El
e
c
tri
c
Dip
o
le
A
n
ten
n
a
f
o
r
El
e
c
tro
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
M
e
d
ica
l
Im
a
g
i
n
g
S
y
ste
m
s,"
2
0
1
9
1
3
t
h
E
u
ro
p
e
a
n
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
An
te
n
n
a
s
a
n
d
Pr
o
p
a
g
a
ti
o
n
(
Eu
CAP
)
,
2
0
1
9
,
p
p
.
1
-
3.
[1
9
]
B.
M
.
M
o
l
o
n
e
y
,
D.
O’L
o
u
g
h
li
n
,
S
.
A
.
El
wa
h
a
,
a
n
d
M
.
J.
K
e
rin
,
"
Bre
a
st
Ca
n
c
e
r
De
tec
ti
o
n
-
A
S
y
n
o
p
sis
o
f
Co
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
M
o
d
a
li
ti
e
s
a
n
d
t
h
e
P
o
ten
ti
a
l
R
o
le
o
f
M
icro
w
a
v
e
Im
a
g
in
g
,
”
Dia
g
n
o
stics
,
v
o
l
.
1
0
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
.
1
0
3
,
F
e
b
ru
a
ry
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/d
iag
n
o
stics
1
0
0
2
0
1
0
3
.
[2
0
]
M
.
T
.
Isla
m
,
M
.
Z.
M
a
h
m
u
d
,
M
.
T
a
rik
u
l
Isla
m
,
S
.
Kib
ria
,
a
n
d
M
.
S
a
m
su
z
z
a
m
a
n
,
"
A
L
o
w
Co
st
a
n
d
P
o
rtab
le
M
icro
w
a
v
e
I
m
a
g
in
g
S
y
st
e
m
f
o
r
Bre
a
st
T
u
m
o
u
r
De
tec
ti
o
n
Us
in
g
UW
B
Dire
c
ti
o
n
a
l
A
n
ten
n
a
a
r
ra
y
,
”
S
c
ien
ti
fi
c
re
p
o
rts
,
v
o
l.
9
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
1
3
,
O
c
to
b
e
r
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
3
8
/s
4
1
5
9
8
-
0
1
9
-
5
1
6
2
0
-
z.
[2
1
]
K.
Kish
o
re
,
A
n
ten
n
a
a
n
d
W
a
v
e
Pro
p
a
g
a
t
io
n
,
Ba
n
g
a
lo
re
,
Ne
w
De
l
h
i:
I.
K.
I
n
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
P
u
b
li
sh
i
n
g
Ho
u
se
P
v
t.
L
td
.
,
2
0
0
9
.
[2
2
]
B.
M
o
h
a
m
a
d
z
a
d
e
,
R.
B.
V
.
B.
S
im
o
ra
n
g
k
ir,
R.
M
.
Ha
sh
m
i
,
a
n
d
A
.
L
a
lb
a
k
h
sh
,
"
A
Co
n
f
o
r
m
a
l
Ultraw
id
e
b
a
n
d
A
n
ten
n
a
W
it
h
M
o
n
o
p
o
le
-
L
ik
e
R
a
d
iatio
n
P
a
tt
e
r
n
s,"
in
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
An
te
n
n
a
s
a
n
d
Pro
p
a
g
a
ti
o
n
,
v
o
l.
6
8
,
n
o
.
8
,
p
p
.
6
3
8
3
-
6
3
8
8
,
A
u
g
u
st
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/T
A
P
.
2
0
2
0
.
2
9
6
9
7
44.
[2
3
]
A
.
K.
P
a
tel,
S
.
Ya
d
a
v
,
A
.
K.
P
a
n
d
e
y
,
a
n
d
R.
S
in
g
h
,
"
A
w
id
e
a
n
d
re
c
tan
g
u
lar an
d
c
ircu
lar r
in
g
‐sh
a
p
e
d
p
a
tch
a
n
ten
n
a
w
it
h
g
a
p
c
o
u
p
led
m
e
a
n
d
e
re
d
p
a
ra
siti
c
e
le
m
e
n
ts
f
o
r
w
irele
s
s
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,”
I
n
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
RF
a
n
d
M
icr
o
wa
v
e
Co
mp
u
ter
-
Ai
d
e
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l.
3
0
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
.
e
2
1
9
9
2
,
Ja
n
u
a
ry
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
0
2
/mm
c
e
.
2
1
9
9
2
.
[2
4
]
S
.
M
.
A
b
b
a
s,
S
.
C.
De
sa
i,
K.
P
.
Esse
ll
e
,
J.
L
.
V
o
lak
is
,
a
n
d
R.
M
.
Ha
sh
m
i,
"
De
sig
n
a
n
d
Ch
a
ra
c
teriz
a
ti
o
n
o
f
a
F
lex
i
le
W
id
e
a
n
d
A
n
ten
n
a
Us
in
g
P
o
ly
d
im
e
th
y
lsil
o
x
a
n
e
Co
m
p
o
site
S
u
stra
te,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
A
n
ten
n
a
s
a
n
d
Pro
p
a
g
a
t
io
n
,
v
o
l.
2
0
1
8
,
p
p
.
1
-
6
,
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
5
5
/
2
0
1
8
/4
0
9
5
7
6
5
.
[
2
5
]
M
.
A
.
R
a
h
m
a
n
,
M
.
F
.
H
o
s
s
a
i
n
,
M
.
A
.
R
i
h
e
e
n
,
a
n
d
P
.
K
.
S
e
k
h
a
r
,
"
E
a
r
l
y
B
r
a
i
n
S
t
r
o
k
e
D
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
U
s
i
n
g
F
l
e
x
i
b
l
e
M
o
n
o
p
o
l
e
A
n
t
e
n
n
a
,
”
P
r
o
g
r
e
s
s
i
n
E
l
e
c
t
r
o
m
a
g
n
e
t
i
c
s
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
C
,
v
o
l
.
9
9
,
p
p
.
9
9
-
1
1
0
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
2
5
2
8
/
P
I
E
R
C
1
9
1
2
0
7
0
4
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.