I
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n J
o
urna
l o
f
E
lect
rica
l En
g
ineering
a
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Co
m
pu
t
er
Science
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
2
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
20
21
,
p
p
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7
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23
.i
2
.
pp
772
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:
h
ttp
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//ij
ee
cs.ia
esco
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co
m
O
utp
ut
v
o
ltag
e co
ntrol o
f
a
PMSG
with
the
DPC
-
SV
M
techniqu
e and h
ig
h
-
o
rder slidi
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m
o
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M
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ha
m
m
ed
M
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Ra
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a
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Lab
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tri
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rg
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Re
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u
v
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lab
les
(LG
EE
R)
,
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
De
p
a
rtme
n
t,
Ha
ss
ib
a
Be
n
b
o
u
a
li
Un
i
v
e
rsity
,
C
h
lef,
Alg
e
ria
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
S
T
RAC
T
A
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ticle
his
to
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y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Oct
1
5
,
2
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2
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R
ev
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ed
J
u
n
3
0
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2
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ted
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l 7
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2
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Th
is
p
a
p
e
r
a
ims
to
stu
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y
t
h
e
c
o
n
tro
l
o
f
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lt
a
g
e
o
f
a
wi
n
d
tu
r
b
i
n
e
(W
T)
wh
ich
is
c
o
m
p
o
se
d
o
f
a
p
e
rm
a
n
e
n
t
m
a
g
n
e
t
sy
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
g
e
n
e
ra
to
r
(P
M
S
G
)
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
to
a
n
in
v
e
rter/re
c
ti
fier.
Th
e
first
tes
ted
c
o
n
t
ro
l
o
n
P
M
S
G
is
b
a
se
d
o
n
t
h
e
c
las
sic
a
l
d
irec
t
p
o
w
e
r
c
o
n
tr
o
l
(CD
P
C);
t
h
is
tec
h
n
i
q
u
e
u
se
s
t
h
e
a
c
ti
v
e
a
n
d
re
a
c
ti
v
e
p
o
we
r
a
s
a
c
o
n
tro
l
v
a
riab
le.
T
h
e
n
,
to
imp
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
q
u
a
li
ty
o
f
e
n
e
rg
y
a
n
d
e
v
a
lu
a
te
t
h
e
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
o
f
th
e
sy
ste
m
,
we
p
ro
p
o
s
e
d
a
h
ig
h
-
o
rd
e
r
sl
id
i
n
g
m
o
d
e
(HO
S
M
)
with
sp
a
c
e
v
e
c
to
r
m
o
d
u
lati
o
n
(S
VM)
t
o
c
o
n
tr
o
l
th
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
lt
a
g
e
.
As
a
re
su
lt
,
th
e
p
ro
p
o
se
d
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
p
re
se
n
t
s
a
tt
ra
c
ti
v
e
fe
a
tu
re
s
su
c
h
a
s th
e
c
h
a
tt
e
rin
g
-
fre
e
b
e
h
a
v
i
o
r
o
f
th
e
sl
id
i
n
g
m
o
d
e
.
T
h
is
sy
ste
m
wa
s
d
e
sig
n
e
d
f
o
r
a
wi
n
d
p
o
we
r
c
o
n
v
e
rsio
n
a
p
p
l
ica
ti
o
n
in
th
e
c
a
se
o
f
a
n
iso
late
d
site.
T
h
e
c
o
m
p
u
ter
sim
u
latio
n
s
we
re
p
ro
v
i
d
e
d
t
o
v
e
rify
t
h
e
v
a
li
d
i
ty
o
f
th
e
p
ro
p
o
se
d
c
o
n
tro
l
a
l
g
o
ri
th
m
u
sin
g
t
h
e
M
ATLAB
/S
im
u
li
n
k
s
o
ftwa
re
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
DPC
HOSM
PMSG
SVM
W
in
d
tu
r
b
in
e
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
R
ac
h
id
T
aleb
L
ab
o
r
ato
ir
e
Gé
n
ie
E
lectr
iq
u
e
et
E
n
er
g
ies R
en
o
u
v
ela
b
les (
L
GE
E
R
)
E
le
ctr
ical
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
Dep
ar
t
em
en
t
Hass
ib
a
B
en
b
o
u
ali
Un
iv
er
s
ity
,
C
h
lef
,
Alg
er
ia
E
m
ail
: r
ac
.
taleb
@
g
m
ail.
co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
I
n
th
e
ch
an
g
in
g
wo
r
ld
,
th
e
m
ass
iv
e
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
en
e
r
g
y
is
tr
em
en
d
o
u
s
ly
ex
p
a
n
d
i
n
g
,
wh
ich
r
eq
u
ir
es
th
e
s
ea
r
ch
f
o
r
p
er
m
a
n
en
t
s
o
u
r
ce
s
o
f
en
er
g
y
.
E
r
g
o
,
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
(
R
E
)
is
wid
ely
d
em
an
d
e
d
wich
f
av
o
r
e
d
en
e
r
g
y
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
,
alo
n
g
with
win
d
e
n
er
g
y
c
o
n
v
er
s
io
n
s
y
s
tem
s
th
at
ar
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
s
u
b
s
tan
tial
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
Pre
v
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
s
h
o
wed
th
at
in
win
d
en
e
r
g
y
zo
n
es
(
W
E
Z
s
)
th
at
ar
e
b
ased
o
n
p
er
m
an
e
n
t
m
ag
n
et
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
g
en
er
ato
r
s
(
PM
SGs
)
r
em
ain
s
th
e
m
o
s
t
f
am
o
u
s
o
n
e.
Hen
ce
,
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
an
d
th
e
W
E
Z
p
o
wer
,
P
MSGs
wer
e
u
s
ed
.
Actu
ally
,
PMSGs
wer
e
p
r
ess
ed
in
to
s
er
v
ice
to
an
n
i
h
ilate
th
e
m
ed
f
o
r
a
g
ea
r
b
o
x
,
wh
ich
h
as f
u
r
th
er
l
o
wer
ed
th
e
m
ain
ten
an
ce
co
s
ts
.
Mo
s
t
co
n
d
u
cte
d
r
esear
c
h
es
in
th
e
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
o
f
W
E
Z
s
c
en
tr
alize
d
th
eir
f
o
c
u
s
o
n
th
e
g
r
o
wth
o
f
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
ies
th
at
was
f
o
u
n
d
ed
o
n
m
o
d
er
n
n
o
n
lin
ea
r
co
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
iq
u
es
to
b
etter
co
n
t
r
o
l
p
o
ten
c
y
in
o
r
d
er
to
s
u
p
p
l
y
an
d
r
eg
u
late
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
s
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
ly
,
d
is
tin
ct
c
o
n
tr
o
l
m
et
h
o
d
s
,
lik
e
ad
a
p
tiv
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
[
1
]
,
r
o
b
u
s
t m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
[
2
]
an
d
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
m
o
n
it
o
r
in
g
[
3
]
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
f
o
r
P
MSG
-
b
ased
W
E
Z
s
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
an
o
th
er
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
o
f
co
n
t
r
o
l
f
o
r
attain
in
g
m
o
r
e
elev
ated
ac
h
iev
em
en
ts
,
s
o
lid
ity
,
an
d
co
n
s
tan
cy
th
at
b
r
in
g
s
ab
o
u
t
g
o
o
d
ex
p
ec
tatio
n
is
th
e
s
lid
in
g
m
o
d
e
co
n
tr
o
l
(
SMC
)
m
e
th
o
d
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
at
h
an
d
a
ttem
p
ts
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
a
h
ig
h
SMC
m
eth
o
d
(
HSMC)
in
teg
r
ated
with
d
ir
ec
t
p
o
wer
co
n
tr
o
l
(
DPC
)
u
s
in
g
s
p
ac
e
v
ec
to
r
m
o
d
u
latio
n
(
SVM)
(
HSMC
-
DP
C
-
SVM)
to
ad
ju
s
t
th
e
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
s
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
th
e
W
E
Z
s
an
d
it
wa
s
m
o
r
e
in
o
cu
lated
in
to
th
e
g
r
id
u
n
d
er
th
e
co
n
s
t
an
t
DC
lin
k
v
o
ltag
e
(
V
dc
)
.
Mo
s
tly
,
th
e
SMC
u
s
in
g
SVM
m
o
n
ito
r
s
th
e
m
ac
h
in
e
s
id
e
co
n
v
er
ter
(
MSC
)
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
Ou
tp
u
t v
o
lta
g
e
co
n
tr
o
l o
f
a
P
MS
G
w
ith
th
e
DP
C
-
S
V
M tec
h
n
iq
u
e
a
n
d
h
i
g
h
-
o
r
d
er
…
(
Mo
h
a
mme
d
Mo
u
mn
a
)
773
T
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
s
tu
d
y
p
r
esen
ts
an
an
aly
tical
s
tu
d
y
o
f
th
e
co
n
s
tan
t
DC
lin
k
v
o
ltag
e
(
V
dc
)
m
eth
o
d
.
T
h
e
s
u
g
g
ested
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
ch
em
e
is
p
lain
with
a
m
o
r
e
r
a
p
id
d
y
n
am
ic
r
esp
o
n
s
e.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
o
ld
DPC
co
n
tr
o
ls
b
ea
r
m
o
r
e
d
am
ag
es
an
d
f
laws
s
u
ch
as
h
ig
h
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
r
ip
p
le
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
r
i
p
p
le
ex
p
o
s
ed
to
th
e
f
ir
m
co
n
d
itio
n
s
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
t
h
e
h
y
s
ter
esis
b
au
d
s
.
I
n
f
o
r
m
er
y
e
ar
s
,
m
an
y
s
tu
d
ies
d
e
d
u
ce
d
v
ar
io
u
s
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
to
d
ev
elo
p
th
e
ac
h
iev
em
e
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
class
ical
DPC
s
s
tr
ateg
y
.
Fo
r
th
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
d
ec
r
ea
s
in
g
th
e
two
p
o
wer
s
r
ip
p
le
an
d
T
HD
v
alu
e
o
f
s
tato
r
c
u
r
r
e
n
t,
SMC
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
well
-
ce
l
eb
r
ated
m
eth
o
d
s
in
m
a
n
u
f
ac
tu
r
in
g
.
I
n
th
is
r
esear
ch
,
a
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
DPC
s
tr
ateg
y
with
SVM
t
ec
h
n
iq
u
e
is
s
u
g
g
ested
to
m
o
n
i
to
r
PMSG
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
th
is
m
in
g
lin
g
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
s
ch
em
e,
a
m
o
r
e
d
y
n
am
ic,
ele
v
ated
r
ea
lizatio
n
is
p
r
o
m
is
ed
;
th
at
is
to
s
ay
,
f
ewe
r
d
is
ad
v
an
tag
es
as
th
e
h
ig
h
v
ib
r
atio
n
in
ac
tiv
e
-
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
s
.
T
HD
v
alu
es
o
f
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t,
th
e
r
am
if
icatio
n
o
f
th
e
SMC
.
T
h
e
n
,
th
is
p
a
p
er
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
s
a
f
r
esh
s
ch
e
m
e
to
m
a
k
e
th
e
d
iv
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icien
t.
S
VM
-
HSMC
tech
n
iq
u
e
in
DPC
(
DPC
-
SVM
-
HSM
C
)
m
ain
f
ea
tu
r
es
is
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
p
o
we
r
f
ac
t
o
r
a
n
d
ef
f
icien
cy
an
d
lo
wer
p
o
wer
r
ip
p
les.
T
h
i
s
p
ap
er
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
c
o
m
p
a
r
ativ
e
o
u
tlo
o
k
o
n
d
is
tin
ct
DPC
s
ch
em
es,
in
clu
d
in
g
o
ld
o
r
class
ical
DPC
an
d
DPC
-
SV
M
-
HSMC
co
n
tr
o
l.
T
h
e
h
a
n
d
ed
s
ch
em
e
is
p
lain
ly
d
escr
ib
ed
with
m
o
r
e
elu
cid
atin
g
r
ep
o
r
ts
o
f
its
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
with
s
im
u
lated
o
u
tco
m
es.
T
h
e
m
en
tio
n
e
d
s
ch
em
e
was o
b
tain
ed
with
M
A
TL
AB
/Si
m
u
lin
k
s
o
f
twar
e.
2.
SYST
E
M
DE
SCRI
P
T
I
O
N
T
h
is
m
an
u
s
cr
ip
t
o
f
f
er
s
an
ex
em
p
lifie
d
d
iag
r
am
o
n
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
a
PMSG
s
y
s
tem
m
ad
e
o
f
an
ad
ju
s
tab
le
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
(
W
T
)
b
ased
o
n
PMSG
th
at
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
a
co
n
v
er
t
o
r
an
d
DC
lin
k
v
o
ltag
e
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
g
r
id
as
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
o
m
o
n
ito
r
th
e
in
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
s
,
th
e
SVM
is
u
s
in
g
th
e
SMC
m
eth
o
d
to
m
o
n
ito
r
th
e
g
r
id
s
id
e
co
n
v
er
ter
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Per
m
a
n
en
t m
a
g
n
et
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
g
en
er
ato
r
(
PMSG)
an
d
win
d
tu
r
b
i
n
e
(
W
T
)
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
es
2
.
1
.
M
o
delin
g
o
f
t
he
perm
a
nent
m
a
g
net
s
y
nchro
no
us
g
ener
a
t
o
r
(
P
M
SG
)
T
h
e
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
p
er
m
an
en
t
m
a
g
n
et
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
m
ac
h
in
e
h
as
c
o
n
s
is
ten
tly
b
ee
n
th
e
s
u
b
ject
o
f
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
ass
ess
m
en
ts
.
A
s
am
p
le
o
f
th
is
m
ac
h
in
e
in
th
e
p
ar
k
r
e
f
er
en
ce
will
b
e
u
s
ed
.
T
h
e
latter
is
in
co
n
v
ictio
n
a
two
-
p
h
ase
r
ef
er
en
ce
,
a
r
esem
b
lan
ce
o
f
th
e
t
h
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
,
less
co
m
p
lex
t
o
m
a
n
ag
e
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
way
th
at
th
e
el
ec
tr
ical
s
u
m
s
cr
ea
te
as c
o
n
tin
u
o
u
s
elem
en
ts
[
4
]
,
[
5
]
.
T
h
e
PMSM’
s
g
iv
en
m
o
d
el
is
illu
s
tr
ated
b
y
th
e
elec
tr
ic,
m
ag
n
etic
an
d
m
ec
h
an
ical
eq
u
atio
n
s
[
6
]
,
[
7
]
:
Vo
ltag
e
an
d
s
tato
r
f
lu
x
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
.
I
n
g
en
er
at
o
r
ca
s
e,
with
r
ev
er
s
in
g
o
f
th
e
cu
r
r
en
ts
s
en
s
e,
we
will
h
av
e
th
e
elec
tr
ic
a
n
d
f
lu
x
ter
m
o
f
PMSG a
s
p
u
r
s
u
es [
5
]
,
[
8
]
:
{
[
]
=
[
]
[
]
+
[
]
[
]
=
[
]
[
]
+
[
]
(
1
)
{
=
−
×
−
+
×
=
−
×
−
−
×
=
×
+
=
×
(
2
)
L
d
,
L
q
b
e
th
e
i
n
d
u
cto
r
s
o
f
th
e
s
tato
r
,
V
d
,
V
q
is
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
s
tato
r
,
I
d
an
d
I
q
ar
e
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
s
tato
r
s
,
d
ir
ec
t
an
d
q
u
ad
r
atic,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
,
Φ
e
is
f
lu
x
p
er
p
o
le
o
f
th
e
p
er
m
an
en
t
m
ag
n
et.
R
el
a
tiv
e
to
th
e
an
g
le
o
f
th
e
r
o
to
r
r
o
tatio
n
an
d
af
ter
d
er
iv
in
g
th
e
s
to
r
ag
e
elec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
en
e
r
g
y
,
th
e
el
ec
tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
to
r
q
u
e
C
em
is
ex
p
r
ess
ed
b
y
[
8
]
,
[
9
]
,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
21
:
772
-
7
8
1
774
=
3
2
×
[
(
−
)
×
×
+
]
(
3
)
T
h
e
PMSG’
s
d
y
n
am
ic
eq
u
atio
n
is
ex
em
p
lifie
d
,
−
−
=
.
(
4
)
3.
P
RINCI
P
L
E
O
F
DI
RE
C
T
P
O
WE
R
CO
N
T
RO
L
(
DP
C)
T
h
e
tr
ad
itio
n
al
d
ir
ec
t
p
o
wer
co
n
tr
o
l
(
DPC
)
r
elies
u
p
o
n
th
e
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
d
ir
ec
t
t
o
r
q
u
e
co
n
t
r
o
l
th
at
is
ap
p
lied
to
elec
tr
ical
m
ac
h
in
es.
T
h
e
m
ain
aim
is
to
d
ir
ec
tly
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
p
o
wer
s
(
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
o
n
es)
in
a
PW
M
r
ec
tifie
r
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
1
]
.
T
h
e
s
witch
in
g
s
tates
o
f
th
e
s
em
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
s
ar
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
y
in
tr
o
d
u
cin
g
th
e
er
r
o
r
s
b
etwe
en
th
e
in
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
v
alu
e
s
o
f
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
s
with
th
eir
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
in
to
two
h
y
s
ter
esis
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
s
,
with
th
e
a
s
s
is
tan
ce
o
f
t
h
e
g
en
er
ato
r
’
s
v
o
ltag
e
v
ec
to
r
a
r
ea
lo
ca
tio
n
an
d
a
s
wit
ch
in
g
tab
le
[
1
2
]
,
[
1
3
]
.
A
PI
co
n
tr
o
ller
a
d
ju
s
ts
to
th
e
DC
b
u
s
v
o
ltag
e
lo
o
p
.
3
.
1
.
Switc
hin
g
t
a
ble
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
ea
ch
r
ec
tifie
r
in
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
v
ec
to
r
an
d
th
e
ar
e
a
wh
er
e
th
ey
ar
e
l
o
ca
ted
,
T
ab
le
1
o
f
f
er
s
th
e
s
ig
n
s
o
f
v
ar
iatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
i
n
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
cti
v
e
p
o
wer
s
.
T
h
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
ig
n
o
f
t
h
e
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
v
ar
iatio
n
s
in
d
ep
en
d
en
tly
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
b
y
s
elec
tin
g
th
e
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
o
u
tp
u
t v
ec
to
r
[
1
]
,
[
1
4
]
.
T
ab
le
1
.
Var
iatio
n
o
f
p
an
d
q
a
s
a
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
th
e
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
th
e
v
ec
to
r
s
V(k
-
2)
V(k
-
1)
V
(
k
)
V
(
k
+
1
)
V
(
k
+
2
)
V
(
k
+
3
)
V
(
0
,
7
)
Δp
-
-
+
+
-
-
-
Δq
+
+
+
-
-
-
0
I
n
s
o
m
e
ca
s
es,
th
e
e
x
am
in
ati
o
n
o
f
th
e
tab
le
s
h
o
ws
th
at
th
er
e
ar
e
s
ev
er
al
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
ies
o
f
ap
p
ly
i
n
g
d
if
f
er
en
t
v
ec
to
r
s
th
at
allo
w
u
s
to
o
b
tain
th
e
s
am
e
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
Δ
p
an
d
Δ
q
.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
th
e
ch
o
ice
th
a
t
g
u
ar
an
tees
th
e
s
m
allest
v
ar
iatio
n
in
p
o
wer
is
th
e
ch
o
ice
o
f
th
e
a
p
p
r
o
p
r
iate
v
o
ltag
e
v
e
cto
r
.
T
o
m
ee
t
th
is
cr
iter
io
n
,
o
n
ly
f
o
u
r
v
o
ltag
e
v
e
cto
r
s
ar
e
p
o
s
s
ib
le:
v
(
k
-
1
)
,
v
(
k
)
v
(
k
+
1
)
an
d
v
(
k
+
2
)
[
1
]
.
3
.
2
.
I
ns
t
a
nta
neo
us
po
wer
ca
lcula
t
io
n
T
h
e
p
u
r
s
u
e
f
o
r
m
u
las d
esig
n
at
e
th
e
in
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
p
o
wer
s
:
=
(
.
∗
)
;
=
(
.
∗
)
(
5
)
wh
er
e
p
,
q
:
th
e
in
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
.
e,
i:
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t
v
ec
to
r
.
*
is
th
e
co
n
ju
g
ate
s
y
m
b
o
l.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e
,
to
ca
lcu
lu
s
th
e
to
tal
in
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
s
,
=
.
+
.
+
.
;
=
1
√
3
[
(
−
)
.
+
(
−
)
.
+
(
−
)
.
]
(
6
)
3
.
3
.
I
ns
t
a
nta
neo
us
po
wer
ca
lcula
t
io
n by
estim
a
t
ing
t
he
f
lux
T
h
e
in
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
p
o
wer
ca
n
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
if
th
e
f
lu
x
i
s
u
s
ed
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
a
f
lu
x
v
e
cto
r
in
th
e
co
o
r
d
in
ates
(
α
,
β)
is
g
en
er
at
ed
b
y
in
te
g
r
atin
g
th
e
g
en
e
r
a
to
r
v
o
ltag
e.
T
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
d
r
o
p
in
th
e
r
esis
to
r
is
n
eg
lecte
d
[
1
5
]
,
[
1
6
]
.
{
&
=
∫
=
∫
(
−
)
&
=
∫
=
∫
(
−
)
(
7
)
W
h
er
e:
Φ
is
th
e
f
lu
x
esti
m
atio
n
with
v
as th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
v
o
lta
g
e.
T
ak
in
g
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t th
at
th
e
in
v
er
ter
v
o
ltag
e
is
in
th
e
co
o
r
d
in
ates α
/β
,
th
e
f
lu
x
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
w
ill b
e
as:
{
=
∫
(
√
2
3
(
−
1
2
(
+
)
)
)
−
.
&
=
∫
(
√
2
3
(
−
)
)
−
.
(
8
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
Ou
tp
u
t v
o
lta
g
e
co
n
tr
o
l o
f
a
P
MS
G
w
ith
th
e
DP
C
-
S
V
M tec
h
n
iq
u
e
a
n
d
h
i
g
h
-
o
r
d
er
…
(
Mo
h
a
mme
d
Mo
u
mn
a
)
775
f
r
o
m
th
e
esti
m
ated
f
lu
x
,
we
g
e
t th
e
v
o
ltag
e:
=
=
+
=
+
(
9
)
wh
er
e:
is
th
e
esti
m
ated
f
lu
x
v
ec
to
r
an
d
Φ
is
th
eir
am
p
litu
d
e
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
in
s
tan
tan
e
o
u
s
p
o
wer
is
ca
lcu
lated
in
th
e
c
o
o
r
d
in
ates α
/β
,
=
.
+
.
;
=
.
−
.
(
1
0
)
t
he
d
er
iv
ativ
es
o
f
th
e
f
l
u
x
a
m
p
litu
d
e
ar
e
ze
r
o
f
o
r
b
ala
n
ce
d
an
d
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
v
o
ltag
es.
T
h
en
,
th
e
in
s
tan
tan
e
o
u
s
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
is
c
alcu
lated
b
y
th
e
eq
u
atio
n
in
[
1
]
,
[
1
7
]
,
=
.
(
.
−
.
)
;
=
.
(
.
+
.
)
(
1
1
)
4.
H
I
G
H
-
O
RDER SL
I
DI
NG
M
O
DE
CO
N
T
RO
L
AP
P
RO
ACH
4
.
1
.
P
rinciple o
f
t
he
s
lid
ing
m
o
de
co
ntr
o
l
(
SM
C)
T
h
e
S
M
C
is
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
h
o
l
d
i
n
g
a
n
d
m
o
v
i
n
g
,
w
i
t
h
a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
e
s
w
it
c
h
i
n
g
l
o
g
i
c
,
t
h
e
s
ta
t
e
t
r
aj
e
ct
o
r
y
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
t
o
a
p
r
e
d
e
t
e
r
m
i
n
e
d
s
li
d
i
n
g
o
r
s
w
i
t
c
h
i
n
g
s
u
r
f
a
c
e
[
2
]
,
[
3
]
.
T
h
i
s
s
y
s
t
e
m
i
s
s
i
m
i
la
r
t
o
a
f
e
e
d
-
f
o
r
w
a
r
d
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
t
h
at
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
s
t
h
e
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
t
h
a
t
s
h
o
u
l
d
b
e
a
p
p
l
i
e
d
t
o
f
o
l
l
o
w
a
d
e
s
i
r
e
d
,
u
s
e
r
-
d
e
f
i
n
e
d
s
l
i
d
i
n
g
s
u
r
f
a
c
e
[
1
8
]
.
H
e
n
c
e
,
t
h
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
s
l
i
d
i
n
g
m
o
d
e
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
r
e
q
u
i
r
e
s
t
w
o
s
t
e
p
s
;
t
h
e
f
i
r
s
t
i
s
t
h
e
d
e
f
i
n
it
i
o
n
o
f
a
n
a
d
e
q
u
a
t
e
s
w
it
c
h
i
n
g
s
u
r
f
a
c
e
S
a
n
d
t
h
e
n
t
h
e
e
l
a
b
o
r
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
la
w
o
r
s
w
i
tc
h
i
n
g
l
o
g
i
c
U
[
1
9
]
,
[
2
0
]
.
I
n
th
is
ar
ticle,
th
e
ch
o
ices
o
f
s
lid
in
g
s
u
r
f
ac
es
ar
e
th
e
er
r
o
r
s
b
etwe
en
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
an
d
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
.
T
h
e
p
r
in
cip
le
o
f
th
is
co
n
tr
o
l
is
to
d
r
iv
e
ea
ch
er
r
o
r
t
o
a
"switch
in
g
s
u
r
f
ac
e"
.
T
h
e
n
,
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
ca
n
b
e
w
r
itten
[
2
1
]
,
[
2
2
]
:
{
1
=
−
2
=
−
(
1
2
)
th
e
p
r
in
ci
p
al
d
r
aw
b
ac
k
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
ac
tical
im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
SMC
is
th
e
ch
atter
i
n
g
p
h
en
o
m
en
o
n
.
T
h
e
HOSM
is
th
e
m
o
s
t
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
way
to
co
p
e
with
th
is
p
r
o
b
lem
.
I
t
in
f
l
u
en
ce
s
th
e
h
ig
h
er
-
o
r
d
er
tem
p
o
r
a
l
d
er
iv
ativ
es
o
f
th
e
s
lid
in
g
co
r
r
ec
to
r
in
s
tead
o
f
th
e
f
i
r
s
t
-
o
r
d
er
tem
p
o
r
al
d
er
i
v
ativ
e,
in
an
o
th
er
wa
y
th
is
tech
n
iq
u
e
g
en
e
r
alize
s
th
e
b
asi
c
id
ea
o
f
th
e
s
lid
in
g
m
o
d
e.
W
ith
co
n
s
er
v
atio
n
o
f
th
e
m
ain
o
r
ig
in
al
p
r
o
p
er
ties
an
d
b
y
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
al
ch
ar
ac
t
er
is
tic
o
f
th
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
th
is
t
ec
h
n
iq
u
e
allo
ws
th
e
atten
u
atio
n
o
f
th
e
ch
atter
in
g
ef
f
ec
t
[
2
3
]
,
[
2
4
]
.
W
e
u
s
ed
a
r
o
b
u
s
t
h
ig
h
-
o
r
d
er
s
lid
in
g
m
o
d
e
s
tr
ateg
y
to
en
s
u
r
e
co
n
v
er
g
en
ce
t
o
cu
r
r
en
t
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
.
(
1
2
)
g
av
e
th
e
s
lid
in
g
m
o
d
e
s
u
r
f
ac
es,
s
o
th
e
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
ca
n
b
e
wr
itten
as [
2
4
]
,
[
2
5
]
:
{
•
1
=
•
−
•
•
•
1
=
1
(
,
)
+
1
(
,
)
•
{
•
2
=
•
−
•
•
•
2
=
2
(
,
)
+
2
(
,
)
•
(
1
3
)
w
h
er
e
φ
1
(
t,
x
)
,
φ
2
(
t,
x
)
,
γ
1
(
t,
x
)
,
an
d
γ
2
(
t,
x
)
ar
e
u
n
ce
r
tain
b
o
u
n
d
ed
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
th
at
s
atis
f
y
th
e
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
:
{
1
≻
0
,
|
1
|
≻
1
,
0
≺
1
≺
1
≺
1
2
≻
0
,
|
2
|
≻
2
,
0
≺
2
≺
2
≺
2
(
1
4
)
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
th
e
r
e
q
u
ir
ed
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
wh
e
n
im
p
lem
e
n
tin
g
th
e
HOSM
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
th
e
b
ig
g
est
p
r
o
b
lem
.
I
n
d
ee
d
,
it
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
t
o
k
n
o
w
th
e
)
1
(
,
.
.
.
;
,
,
−
•
•
•
•
•
•
n
S
S
S
S
f
o
r
th
e
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
an
n
th
-
o
r
d
e
r
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
.
I
t
is
ju
s
t
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
h
av
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ab
o
u
t
th
e
s
lid
in
g
s
u
r
f
ac
e
S,
th
is
is
th
e
ex
ce
p
tio
n
o
f
th
e
s
u
p
er
-
to
r
s
io
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
[
2
4
]
,
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
th
is
alg
o
r
ith
m
to
d
esig
n
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
c
o
n
tr
o
l
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
co
n
tain
s
two
p
ar
ts
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
th
is
HOSM
co
n
tr
o
ller
:
{
=
1
+
2
=
1
+
2
(
1
5
)
W
ith
:
{
•
1
=
−
1
(
1
)
2
=
−
1
|
1
|
(
1
)
{
•
1
=
−
2
(
2
)
2
=
−
2
|
2
|
(
2
)
(
1
6
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
21
:
772
-
7
8
1
776
t
he
co
n
v
e
r
g
en
ce
o
f
s
lid
in
g
m
a
n
if
o
ld
s
to
ze
r
o
in
f
i
n
ite
tim
e
is
en
s
u
r
ed
b
y
g
ain
s
th
at
ca
n
b
e
c
h
o
s
en
,
{
≻
2
≥
4
2
(
+
)
(
−
)
0
≺
≤
0
.
5
;
=
1
,
2
(
1
7
)
5.
SI
M
UL
A
T
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
S
T
h
e
ex
am
in
ed
s
y
s
tem
is
s
h
o
win
g
in
th
e
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
,
th
e
o
b
jectiv
e
o
f
th
is
c
o
n
tr
o
l
is
to
h
o
ld
co
n
s
tan
t
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
DC
b
u
s
(
r
ef
er
en
ce
tak
en
e
q
u
al
t
o
V
dc
-
ref
=
6
0
0
V)
an
d
im
p
o
s
e
a
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
cu
r
r
e
n
t
ab
s
o
r
p
tio
n
.
R
eg
ar
d
in
g
r
ef
er
en
ce
tr
ac
k
in
g
,
p
o
wer
r
ip
p
les,
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
d
is
to
r
t
io
n
,
a
n
d
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
ag
ain
s
t
th
e
v
ar
iatio
n
s
o
f
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
,
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
o
f
DPC
-
SVM
with
HSMC
co
n
tr
o
ller
o
f
PMSG
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
th
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
DPC
co
m
m
an
d
s
ch
em
e
.
I
n
t
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
,
th
e
M
ATLAB
/Si
m
u
lin
k
s
o
f
twar
e
was
u
s
ed
to
s
im
u
late
th
r
ee
test
s
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
u
n
d
er
e
x
am
in
atio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
B
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
o
f
th
e
DPC
-
SVM
w
ith
HSMC
5
.
1
.
Wind
s
peed
re
s
po
n
s
e
t
est
I
n
th
is
test
,
Fig
u
r
e3
s
h
o
ws
th
e
p
r
o
f
ile
o
f
th
e
v
a
r
iatio
n
in
th
e
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
b
ec
a
u
s
e
o
f
a
ch
an
g
e
in
win
d
s
p
ee
d
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
a)
-
(f)
s
h
o
ws
th
e
r
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
th
e
DC
b
u
s
v
o
ltag
e,
th
e
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
c
tiv
e
p
o
wer
f
o
r
th
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
DPC
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
p
o
lo
g
y
(
DPC
-
S
VM
-
HSMC).
Desp
ite
th
e
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
th
at
ar
e
d
u
e
to
th
e
v
ar
iatio
n
o
f
th
e
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
,
in
th
is
ca
s
e,
it
ca
n
b
e
n
o
tice
d
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
p
o
lo
g
y
o
f
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
k
ee
p
s
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
DC
v
o
ltag
e
at
its
r
ef
er
en
ce
,
t
h
e
ca
s
e
wh
er
e
it
p
r
esen
ts
a
f
lu
ctu
atio
n
in
th
e
cla
s
s
ical
co
n
tr
o
l.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
co
m
p
ar
ed
t
o
th
e
c
lass
ical
D
PC
co
n
tr
o
l,
it
ca
n
b
e
clea
r
ly
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at
th
e
DPC
-
SV
M
-
HSMC
s
tr
ateg
y
r
ed
u
ce
s
th
e
r
ip
p
le
in
th
e
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
an
d
th
e
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
is
s
tr
ateg
y
elim
in
ates
p
ea
k
s
r
esu
ltin
g
f
r
o
m
r
o
to
r
s
p
e
ed
ch
an
g
es (
zo
o
m
)
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
W
in
d
p
r
o
f
il
0
0
.
2
0
.
4
0
.
6
0
.
8
1
1
.
2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
Ou
tp
u
t v
o
lta
g
e
co
n
tr
o
l o
f
a
P
MS
G
w
ith
th
e
DP
C
-
S
V
M tec
h
n
iq
u
e
a
n
d
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i
g
h
-
o
r
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er
…
(
Mo
h
a
mme
d
Mo
u
mn
a
)
777
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
(
d
)
(
e)
(f)
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
W
in
d
s
p
ee
d
r
esp
o
n
s
e
test
;
(
a)
o
u
tp
u
t D
C
v
o
ltag
e
;
(
b
)
a
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
;
(
c)
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
;
(
d
)
z
o
o
m
i
n
o
u
tp
u
t D
C
v
o
ltag
e
;
(
e)
z
o
o
m
i
n
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
;
(f)
z
o
o
m
i
n
r
e
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
5
.
2
.
Re
f
er
ence
t
ra
c
k
ing
t
est
Fig
u
r
e
s
5
(
a)
an
d
(
b
)
s
h
o
ws
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
test
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lt
s
,
with
a
co
n
s
tan
t
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
,
th
e
aim
is
to
v
ar
y
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
DC
v
o
ltag
e.
T
h
is
last
,
in
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
DPC
-
SVM
-
H
SMC
,
tr
a
ck
alm
o
s
t
p
er
f
ec
tly
th
eir
r
ef
er
en
ce
v
alu
es
an
d
m
o
r
e
r
ap
id
ly
th
a
n
th
e
class
ical
DPC
a
s
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
a
n
d
,
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
s
6
(
a)
-
(f)
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
r
ed
u
ce
d
th
e
r
ip
p
les
in
th
e
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
,
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
an
d
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t c
o
m
p
ar
e
d
to
th
e
class
ical
D
PC
co
n
tr
o
l.
Fig
u
r
e
s
7
(
a)
-
(
c)
s
h
o
ws
th
e
L
is
s
ajo
u
s
s
h
ap
e
(
o
f
th
e
s
t
ato
r
f
lu
x
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
Φ
sα
an
d
Φ
sβ
)
,
t
h
e
cir
cu
lar
s
h
ap
e
im
p
lies
th
at
th
e
wav
ef
o
r
m
is
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
in
b
o
th
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
,
b
u
t
th
e
th
ic
k
n
ess
o
f
th
e
cir
cle
m
ea
n
s
th
e
co
n
ten
t
o
f
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
in
its
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
,
th
is
th
ick
n
ess
is
th
in
n
er
in
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
tr
ate
g
y
.
Fo
r
clar
if
icatio
n
,
Fig
u
r
e
7
s
h
o
ws
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
o
f
th
e
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t
o
f
th
e
PMSG,
th
e
T
HD
v
alu
e
is
r
ed
u
ce
d
w
h
en
co
m
p
ar
e
d
to
th
e
class
ical
m
eth
o
d
.
5
.
3
.
R
o
bu
s
t
nes
s
t
est
I
n
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
,
we
wan
t
to
te
s
t
th
e
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
tr
ateg
y
,
s
o
we
ch
an
g
e
th
e
m
ac
h
in
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
(
r
esis
tan
ce
v
alu
e
d
o
u
b
le
d
an
d
h
alf
o
f
th
e
in
d
u
ctan
ce
s
)
.
Fig
u
r
es
8
(
a)
-
(f)
a
n
d
Fig
u
r
es
9
(
a)
-
(
c
)
p
r
esen
t
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
;
th
ese
ch
an
g
es
im
p
ly
r
em
a
r
k
a
b
le
ef
f
ec
ts
o
n
ac
tiv
e
p
o
we
r
,
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
an
d
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t
c
u
r
v
es,
t
h
is
ef
f
e
ct
is
m
o
r
e
im
p
o
r
tan
t
in
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
th
e
class
ical
DPC
co
n
tr
o
l.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
we
ca
n
also
o
b
s
er
v
e
th
at
th
e
T
H
D
v
alu
e
o
f
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
e
n
t
h
as
b
ee
n
r
ed
u
ce
d
in
th
e
DPC
-
SVM
-
HSMC
co
m
m
an
d
,
wh
ich
p
r
o
v
es th
e
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
t
o
p
o
lo
g
y
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
21
:
772
-
7
8
1
778
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
R
ef
er
e
n
ce
tr
ac
k
in
g
t
est
;
(
a)
o
u
tp
u
t D
C
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
(
b
)
z
oo
m
in
o
u
tp
u
t D
C
v
o
ltag
e
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
(
d
)
(
e)
(f)
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
R
ef
er
e
n
ce
tr
ac
k
in
g
t
est
;
(
a)
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
;
(
b
)
re
ac
t
iv
e
p
o
wer
;
(
c
)
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t
;
(
d
)
zo
o
m
in
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
;
(
e)
z
o
o
m
i
n
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
;
(f)
z
o
o
m
i
n
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
e
n
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
Ou
tp
u
t v
o
lta
g
e
co
n
tr
o
l o
f
a
P
MS
G
w
ith
th
e
DP
C
-
S
V
M tec
h
n
iq
u
e
a
n
d
h
i
g
h
-
o
r
d
er
…
(
Mo
h
a
mme
d
Mo
u
mn
a
)
779
(
a)
(
b
)
(c
)
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
R
ef
er
e
n
ce
tr
ac
k
in
g
t
est
;
(
a)
f
lu
x
in
t
h
e
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
f
r
am
e
(
α
,
β)
;
(
b
)
T
HD
o
f
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t f
o
r
class
ical
DPC
;
(
c)
T
HD
o
f
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t f
o
r
DPC
-
SVM
-
HSMC
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
(
d
)
(
e)
(f)
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
R
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
t
est
;
(
a)
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
;
(
b
)
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
;
(
c)
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t
;
(
d
)
zo
o
m
in
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
;
(
e)
zo
o
m
in
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
;
(
f
)
zo
o
m
i
n
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
21
:
772
-
7
8
1
780
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
R
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
t
est
;
(
a)
o
u
tp
u
t D
C
v
o
ltag
e
;
(
b
)
T
HD
o
f
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
e
n
t f
o
r
class
ical
D
PC
;
(
c)
T
HD
o
f
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t f
o
r
DPC
-
SVM
-
HSMC
6.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
I
n
th
i
s
wo
r
k
,
we
s
h
o
wn
t
h
e
p
r
in
cip
le
o
f
t
h
e
tr
ad
itio
n
al
D
PC
tech
n
iq
u
e
an
d
we
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
o
th
er
to
p
o
lo
g
y
(
DPC
-
SVM
-
HSM
C
)
f
o
r
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
DC
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
atta
ch
ed
in
th
e
PMSG
s
id
e,
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
wed
n
o
t
o
n
ly
t
h
e
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
p
o
lo
g
y
b
u
t
also
th
e
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
ag
ain
s
t
th
e
v
ar
iatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
m
a
ch
in
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
.
T
h
ese
r
esu
lt
s
ar
e
ju
d
g
ed
b
y
th
e
ap
p
ea
r
an
c
e
o
f
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
in
th
e
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
an
d
th
e
c
alcu
latio
n
o
f
th
eir
T
HD
v
al
u
es.
T
h
e
DPC
-
SVM
-
HS
MC
co
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
iq
u
e
illu
s
tr
ates
a
co
n
s
id
er
ab
le
r
ed
u
ctio
n
in
r
ip
p
le
an
d
T
HD
v
alu
e
o
f
th
e
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
,
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
an
d
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
C.
L.
Da
n
g
,
L
.
Zh
a
n
g
,
a
n
d
M
.
X.
Zh
o
u
,
"
O
p
ti
m
a
l
P
o
we
r
Co
n
tro
l
M
o
d
e
l
o
f
Dire
c
t
Driv
e
n
P
M
S
G
,
"
En
e
rg
y
Pro
c
e
d
ia
,
v
o
l.
1
2
,
p
p
.
8
4
4
-
8
4
8
,
2
0
1
1
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/j
.
e
g
y
p
ro
.
2
0
1
1
.
1
0
.
1
1
1
.
[2
]
G
.
Zh
u
o
,
J.
D.
Ho
ste
tt
ler,
P
.
G
u
,
a
n
d
X.
Wan
g
,
"
R
o
b
u
st
S
li
d
i
n
g
M
o
d
e
C
o
n
tr
o
l
o
f
P
e
rm
a
n
e
n
t
M
a
g
n
e
t
S
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
G
e
n
e
r
a
to
r
-
Ba
se
d
Wi
n
d
En
e
r
g
y
C
o
n
v
e
rsi
o
n
S
y
ste
m
s,"
S
u
st
a
in
a
b
il
it
y
,
v
o
l
.
1
2
,
n
o
.
8
,
2
0
1
6
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/su
8
1
2
1
2
6
5
.
[3
]
M
.
Zo
g
h
lam
i,
A.
Ka
d
r
i
,
a
n
d
F
.
Ba
c
h
a
,
"
An
a
ly
sis
a
n
d
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
S
li
d
in
g
M
o
d
e
Co
n
tr
o
l
Ap
p
ro
a
c
h
i
n
t
h
e
Va
riab
le
-
Wi
n
d
S
p
e
e
d
Co
n
v
e
rsi
o
n
S
y
ste
m
fo
r
th
e
Util
it
y
o
f
G
rid
Co
n
n
e
c
ti
o
n
,
"
En
e
rg
ies
,
v
o
l.
1
1
,
n
o
.
4
,
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/en
1
1
0
4
0
7
2
0
.
[4
]
Y.
Err
a
m
i,
M
.
Ou
a
ss
a
id
,
a
n
d
M
.
M
a
a
ro
u
fi,
"
C
o
n
tr
o
l
o
f
a
P
M
S
G
b
a
se
d
wi
n
d
e
n
e
rg
y
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
sy
ste
m
fo
r
p
o
we
r
m
a
x
imiz
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
g
ri
d
fa
u
lt
c
o
n
d
it
i
o
n
s,
"
E
n
e
rg
y
P
ro
c
e
d
ia
,
v
o
l.
4
2
,
p
p
.
2
2
0
-
2
2
9
,
2
0
1
3
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/j
.
e
g
y
p
ro
.
2
0
1
3
.
1
1
.
0
2
2
.
[5
]
E.
Ho
ss
a
in
,
J.
Ho
ss
a
in
,
N.
S
a
k
i
b
,
a
n
d
R.
Ba
y
in
d
ir,
"
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
a
n
d
S
imu
lati
o
n
o
f
P
e
rm
a
n
e
n
t
M
a
g
n
e
t
S
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
G
e
n
e
r
a
to
r
Wi
n
d
Tu
r
b
i
n
e
:
A S
tep
to
M
icro
-
g
ri
d
Tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
"
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Ren
e
wa
b
le E
n
e
rg
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[8
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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[9
]
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a
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:
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[1
5
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El
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7
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8
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M.
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9
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.
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.
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i
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ra
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