TELKOM
NIKA Indonesia
n
Journal of
Electrical En
gineering
Vol. 13, No. 1, Janua
ry 201
5, pp. 151 ~
158
DOI: 10.115
9
1
/telkomni
ka.
v
13i1.689
4
151
Re
cei
v
ed Au
gust 23, 20
14
; Revi
sed O
c
t
ober 2
1
, 201
4; Acce
pted
No
vem
ber 2
0
,
2014
Application of Wireless Sensor Network and GPRS
Technology in Development of Remote Monitoring
System
Mengxing
Chang*, Qiuh
ong Wan
g
Dep
a
rtment of Healt
h
Mana
ge
ment, Nan
y
a
n
g
M
edica
l Col
l
e
ge, Hen
an N
a
n
y
a
ng, 47
30
61, Chin
a
*Corres
p
o
ndi
n
g
author, e-ma
i
l
: changm
en
g
x
i
nge
du@
16
3.co
m
A
b
st
r
a
ct
T
he pap
er pre
s
ents ap
plic
ati
on of w
i
reless
sens
or n
e
tw
ork and GPRS techn
o
lo
g in d
e
velo
p
m
en
t
of remote monitoring system
.
The
remote m
o
nitoring sys
tem
harness
e
s
em
bedded technology, wireles
s
sensor
netw
o
r
k
and
the G
P
RS
mob
ile
communic
a
ti
o
n
techn
o
lo
gy, to solv
e the
prob
le
m
of d
a
ta
transmissio
n
b
e
tw
een d
a
ta a
c
quisiti
on syst
em
an
d co
nt
rol e
qui
p
m
e
n
t. This system
i
s
real-ti
m
e,
hi
g
h
relia
bi
lity. T
h
is pap
er cho
o
ses
Z
i
gBee as pr
o
t
ocol
bas
ed o
n
w
i
reless sens
or netw
o
rk. W
i
reless
mo
nitori
ng
system
us
ing GPRS technol
ogy enables r
eal-ti
m
e, re
liability has been greatly i
m
pr
oved. Finally t
h
e
successful a
p
p
licatio
n of intel
l
i
gent ho
me furn
ishi
n
g
syste
m
proves the fe
a
s
ibil
ity of this sche
m
e.
Ke
y
w
ords
:
GPRS, w
i
reless sensor n
e
tw
ork, Z
i
gBee, remo
te mo
nitori
ng
Copy
right
©
2015 In
stitu
t
e o
f
Ad
van
ced
En
g
i
n
eerin
g and
Scien
ce. All
rig
h
t
s reser
ve
d
.
1. Introduc
tion
The rapid
d
e
velopme
n
t of comp
uter
techn
o
logy,
comm
uni
cat
i
on technolo
g
y and
microele
c
tro
n
i
cs te
chn
o
log
y
, make the
system d
o
m
ain al
so is unde
rgoi
ng
a gre
a
t cha
n
ge,
netwo
rk an
d
informatio
n h
a
s
be
come
t
he d
e
vel
opm
ent di
re
ction
of mea
s
u
r
em
ent an
d
cont
rol
system. Integrated
sen
s
o
r
netwo
rk te
chn
o
l
ogy, embedd
ed technolo
g
y and
industri
a
l co
ntrol
techn
o
logy, b
u
ild a remote
measureme
n
t and
contro
l
system
b
a
sed
on We
b mode can m
a
ke
the measurement and
control produc
ts in real time, se
curity, maintainability,
has been greatly
improve
d
, b
u
t also
more co
ndu
cive
to the re
al
ization of
centrali
zed m
onitorin
g
,
un
ified
sched
uling a
nd man
agem
ent optimization. In this
p
a
per, combi
n
e
d
with
wirel
e
ss sen
s
or
net
work
and GPRS tech
nolo
g
y introdu
ced a
n
embed
ded remote monit
o
ring
system
based o
n
We
b
mode.
This pa
per a
dopts
single
-
chip mi
cro
c
o
m
puter
+GP
R
S+Zi
gbe
e control sy
stem
, due to
the re
stri
ction
of single
chi
p
sp
eed a
nd
overall p
e
rfo
r
mance, late reformatio
n sy
stem subje
c
t
to
certai
n rest
rictions a
nd
co
nstrai
nts [1].
This
pape
r m
entione
d an i
ndu
strial m
o
n
i
toring
wirele
ss
sen
s
o
r
net
wo
rks an
d dist
ributed net
wo
rk mod
e
l ba
sed on mo
bile
commu
nication tech
nolo
g
y
,
the emb
edd
e
d
technol
ogy
, wirel
e
ss
se
nso
r
n
e
two
r
k and
mobil
e
co
mmuni
cat
i
on te
chn
o
lo
g
y
orga
nically. The two le
vel netwo
rks, thu
s
sim
p
lifying the
physi
cal li
nk
between
the
instru
mentati
on equip
m
ent
conne
ction,
not only simp
lifies the com
p
lexity of
the system, but a
l
so
can
redu
ce
the
co
st of. T
o
solve th
e p
r
oble
m
of
dat
a tra
n
smi
s
sio
n
is b
e
twee
n
data
a
c
qui
sit
i
on
system a
nd control eq
uipm
ent. This sy
stem is re
al-tim
e, high relia
bi
lity.
In the
remote
co
mmuni
cati
on te
chn
o
log
y
all,
GPRS
has ma
ny ad
vantage
s. GP
RS i
s
in
the
GSM
n
e
twork ba
sed o
n
the sup
e
rp
osition of
a
n
e
w n
e
two
r
k, at the same ti
me, increa
se
the
numbe
r
of h
a
rd
wa
re
devi
c
e
s
in
GSM
netwo
rk,
an
d
then
thro
ug
h the
software up
grade, t
hus
forming
a n
e
w
n
e
two
r
k lo
gic
entity, providing
wirel
e
ss wide are
a
P
en
d
to end, conn
ect
i
on
.
Gene
rally
sp
eaki
ng, GP
RS is a
hig
h
speed
data
proce
s
sing
technolo
g
y, is
a
kind
of n
e
w
GSM
data se
rvice,
it uses p
a
cke
t
switchi
ng te
chn
o
l
ogy, GPRS use
r
s ca
n
use a vari
ety of high-spee
d
data se
rvice
s
in mobile, includi
ng the transceive
r
. It
provide
s
a co
nne
ction bet
wee
n
the mo
bile
use
r
an
d dat
a network, m
obile u
s
e
r
s to
provide
high
-sp
eed
wi
rele
ss
m an
d X.2
5
se
rvice
s
.
Can
also
take m
a
ny wirele
ss
chann
el for ea
ch
user,
and
the same
wi
reless
ch
ann
e
l
may b
e
sha
r
ed
by multiple users, so that
resou
r
ces
ca
n be us
ed ef
fectively. Usi
ng GPRS to reali
z
e the d
a
ta
packet to
se
nd an
d re
cei
v
e, users
will
alway
s
onli
n
e and
billing
according to
the flow, time,
redu
ce the
co
st of servi
c
e.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 13, No. 1, Janua
ry 2015 : 151 –
158
152
Remote
mo
ni
toring
sy
stem
ha
s a
very i
m
porta
nt si
g
n
ifican
ce
in t
he field
of in
dustri
a
l
control. In ma
ny indu
strial
appli
c
ation
s
,
esp
e
ci
ally
for the field an
d
it is the ne
ed
for re
gula
r
da
ta
acq
u
isitio
n a
nd monito
rin
g
. But with the develo
p
m
ent of digital
instrum
entat
ion and
wirel
e
ss
comm
uni
cati
on te
chn
o
log
y
, remote m
o
nitoring
techn
o
logy field
de
vice
can
co
n
v
eniently re
al
ize
remote me
asuring, a
c
tuato
r
and state m
onitorin
g
, very beneficial to remote devi
c
e data readi
ng,
data man
age
ment and m
a
intena
nce o
f
equipme
n
t,
greatly redu
ces the m
a
int
enan
ce
co
st for
use
r
s, mo
re
con
d
u
c
ive to manufa
c
turer'
s cu
stom
e
r
service q
uality, so the rese
arch and d
e
sign
of rem
o
te mo
nitoring
termi
nal d
e
vice
ha
s p
r
a
c
tical
si
gnifica
nce. T
he p
ape
r p
r
e
s
ent
s d
e
si
gn
of
remote
mo
nitoring system based
on wireless
sen
s
or
netwo
rk a
nd
GPRS tech
no
logy.
2. Using GP
RS Technolog
y
to Dev
e
lo
pment of
Re
mote Monito
ring Sy
stem
GPRS comm
unication has the followi
ng charac
teri
sti
cs: hi
gh
resour
ce utilization GPRS
introdu
ce
d th
e mode
of tra
n
smi
ssi
on of
packet
sw
it
ch
ing, users re
source
s o
c
cup
i
ed only du
rin
g
the tran
smitti
ng o
r
receiving d
a
ta, whi
c
h m
ean
s
th
at
multiple u
s
ers ca
n
effi
ciently sha
r
e
the
same
wireless com
m
uni
cation, so as to
improve
the utilization rate
of re
sources, while the GS
M
data tran
smi
ssi
on for
ci
rcuit swit
che
d
mode, in the
whol
e co
nn
ection
peri
o
d
,
rega
rdle
ss of
wheth
e
r the t
r
an
sfer of u
s
er data
will b
e
alone o
c
cu
pied wi
rele
ss chan
nel. Ch
argin
g
for GP
RS
use
r
s i
s
acco
rding to the d
a
ta flow of
co
mmuni
cation
for the ch
argi
ng stan
dard.
This p
ape
r m
a
inly to the Internet, broad
band
A
D
SL a
pplication
s
, the network camera to
captu
r
e i
m
ag
es, a
nd di
gita
l com
p
ressio
n, co
nverted
into digital
si
gnal
s, and
fin
a
lly throu
gh t
h
e
swit
ch o
r
rou
t
er o
r
the A
D
SL vide
o transmi
ssion
to the Inte
rne
t
or LA
N, re
mote u
s
ers
ca
n
dire
ctly wat
c
h hom
e thro
ugh the
IE browser or
mo
bile ph
one i
n
ternet. Th
e
market of g
e
neral
GPRS module to send and rec
e
iv
e information, us
e t
he Linux kernel PPP dial-up mode, and
s
e
t
up the we
b server to realize remote mo
nitoring p
u
rpo
s
e
s
in Linux system.
Analog inp
u
t circuit co
mpri
se
s a sa
mpli
ng circ
uit, lo
w pa
ss filter,
voltage, drive
isolation
and limiting
p
r
otectio
n
. Th
e sa
mpling
ci
rcuit to
ac
hie
v
e the se
nso
r
of 4
~ 20
m
A
signal
cu
rrent
into a voltage
signal; the voltage conversion
circ
uit for sam
p
ling th
e voltage adj
ustment me
et the
microprocessor A / D cha
nnel input vol
t
age req
u
ir
e
m
ents; low p
a
ss filter can
eliminate po
wer
interferen
ce chann
el is sim
u
lated an
d the high-
f
r
eq
ue
ncy interfe
r
en
ce; drive isola
t
ion impeda
n
c
e
input chan
nel
matchi
ng; li
mit a circuit t
o
ma
ke
the
A / D input v
o
ltage in
a specifie
d volta
g
e
rang
e, the protection of A / D conve
r
si
on
chan
nel.
GP
RS
mod
u
l
e
ca
n cle
a
rl
y
locat
e
t
h
e
ma
lfunctio
n
i
ng of the e
quipme
n
t, the GPRS
module a
s
th
e wirel
e
ss tra
n
sceiver m
o
d
u
le ca
n
reali
z
e the high qu
ality data transmissio
n failu
re
in a wire
d net
work, the em
bedd
ed sy
ste
m
is applie
d to remote me
asu
r
em
ent an
d control syst
em
provide
s
a very reali
s
tic
signifi
can
c
e [
2
]. As t
he bridge is lo
cat
ed in the middle of the local
serve
r
, mo
nitoring
pa
ram
e
ters of mai
n
co
ntro
l
uni
t receives th
e uplo
ad, a
nd sto
r
e
d
in
a
databa
se, q
u
e
ry an
d a
nalysis of st
ate timing
cont
ro
l
unit, if it is fo
und
wrong, i
mmediately n
o
tify
the user m
e
ssag
e. At the same tim
e
, the se
rver
sho
u
ld al
so be th
e data in the
databa
se tim
e
ly
feedba
ck to the rem
o
te m
anag
er, the
use
r
to
the
measurement
and control
equipm
ent in
the
first ca
se of
monitori
ng, a
nd reali
z
e the
operatio
n ma
nage
r of each
control u
n
it.
12
1
,
,
2
1
,
,
)
(
)
(
)
(
M
L
jm
m
j
j
m
s
m
m
L
L
m
s
j
L
t
d
t
c
t
s
(1)
Equation
(1
)
is
sho
w
n
that
s(t) i
s
th
e u
s
e
of
"pa
c
ket
switchi
ng"
wi
th s(t)=Cs,m(t)+t, by
con
c
e
p
t deve
l
oped
a
wirel
e
ss transmission
mod
e
in
the d
s
,m. T
he
so-call
ed
packet
switch
ing
that en
cap
s
ul
ates
data i
n
to
many in
dep
e
ndent
pa
cket, then
se
nd
s t
he p
a
cket
a t
r
an
smitted, the
form is simil
a
r to mail a package, the pa
ckage
ex
cha
nge is go
od o
n
ly when the
r
e is a band
wi
dth
will occupy t
he data needs to be transmitted,
and valuation f
o
r data transmission, thi
s
i
s
cha
r
gin
g
m
o
d
e
re
asona
ble
for
use
r
s, su
ch
as data
transmi
ssion of this
kind is i
d
le most of t
h
e
time ban
d. In
addition, i
n
G
S
Mphe2
sta
n
dard
s
,
GP
RS
ca
n p
r
ovide
four
differe
nt
ways of
codi
n
g
,
the codi
ng m
e
thod is al
so
providin
g different
e
rro
r protection
cap
a
bilities re
sp
ectively.
GPRS rem
o
te comm
uni
ca
tion module
mainly r
eali
z
e
s
the re
ceivin
g and tran
smi
tting the
remote info
rmation. The realization of remote is
ala
r
m function. And throu
gh the GPRS Internet
can remote
monitori
ng of
home. Beca
use I do not
partici
pate directly in the detailed de
sig
n
of
the modul
e, so here do not
explain too
much. Th
e WEB server m
odule p
r
ovide
s
a re
mote web
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
Applicatio
n of Wirele
ss Se
nso
r
Net
w
o
r
k and GPRS T
e
ch
nolo
g
y in
… (Men
gxi
n
g
Chan
g)
153
servi
c
e, the use
r
may through the Internet or
GP
RS netwo
rk
acce
ss to the Internet, re
mote
monitori
ng at home.
Analog sig
nal
anal
og digita
l
co
nversion
module
will
b
e
colle
cted i
n
to digital
qua
ntity, it is
rega
rd
ed a
s
the sin
g
le chi
p
pro
c
e
s
sing
informatio
n
sou
r
ce, the circuit d
e
si
gne
d with AD08
32
chip a
s
the
analo
g
-to
-
digi
tal conve
r
si
o
n
chip, the a
nalog
sign
al into the AD0
832 into digit
a
l
values, a
nd t
hen into
the
T89C55
chi
p
for
comp
utin
g and
processing. T
he
display mod
u
le
is
mainly taken
into a
c
count
whe
n
the
site
admini
s
trator peramb
u
lato
ry, you
can
e
a
sily u
nde
rst
and
the
sce
ne sit
uation real
-ti
m
e,
sy
stem use
s
a
spe
c
i
a
l intellig
ent
manag
eme
n
t of the
keyb
oard
and LED di
splay control
chip HD72
79A, using
seri
al interfa
c
e bet
ween
HD72
79A
and
pro
c
e
s
sor, th
e interfa
c
e
circuit
and th
e pe
riphe
ral
circuit i
s
simple, interfa
c
e lin
e qu
an
tity
occupi
ed le
ss, only 4, has the high p
r
ice.
Figure 1. Structure of
Usin
g GPRS Te
chnolo
g
y to Developme
n
t of Remote Mo
nitoring
Sys
t
em
Structu
r
e of
Usi
ng GP
RS
Tech
nolo
g
y to Deve
l
opme
n
t of Rem
o
te
Monitori
ng S
y
stem is
sho
w
n by Fig
u
re 1. The E5
112 end of th
e RS-2
32 c
o
n
necte
d to the G18 interfa
c
e
,
the other en
d
is conne
cted
with the ho
st
comp
uter th
rough p
a
rallel
port. E511
2 p
r
ovide
s
tran
spare
n
t ch
ann
el
and n
on tra
n
s
pa
rent
cha
n
nel two
wo
rki
ng mod
e
s. In
a tran
spa
r
e
n
t chan
nel mo
de, E5112
M
CU
data will not be processed directly to send data to
the G18, the received
data i
s
transferred
to
the sin
g
le
chi
p
wh
olly intact [3]. In this mode,
sho
r
t messag
e an
d
voice fun
c
tio
n
by the u
s
e
r
via
the AT com
m
and to reali
z
e. In the no
n tran
spa
r
ent
chan
nel mo
de, frame fo
rmat and E51
1
2
microcontroll
er thro
ugh th
e seri
al co
m
m
unication.
External storage ci
rcuit with a non-vol
a
tile
memory
(power d
o
wn data retent
ion), is
mainly use
d
for the sto
r
ag
e of terminal
para
m
eter
a
n
d
histori
c
al d
a
ta. Memory chip for
sele
ction
according
to
the ca
pa
city and the
up
d
a
te cy
cle
d
a
ta, save
a small amo
unt
of data, u
s
e
the
E2PROM to
appli
c
ation u
pdate fre
que
ncy (1
000
0 times in th
eo
ry era
s
e
)
, and i
n
the ap
plicatio
n
of large
ca
pa
city and hig
h
freque
ncy of
update
with
F
R
AM (fe
rro
el
ectri
c
mem
o
ry erased, the
o
ry
of 10000
000
0
00 times) more approp
riate
.
GPRS is through th
e ro
uting ma
nag
ement
for a
ddre
s
sing
an
d esta
blish
a data
con
n
e
c
tion, a
nd the
ro
utin
g man
age
me
nt GPRS i
s
manifeste
d
in
the follo
wing
3 a
s
p
e
ct
s: the
mobile te
rmin
al tran
smit
s t
he d
a
ta routi
ng; ro
uting i
n
mobile
termi
nal d
a
ta recei
v
ing set; and
the
mobile termi
nal is in the
establi
s
hme
n
t of r
oamin
g data routin
g. In the first case, whe
n
the
mobile te
rmin
al gen
erate
s
a PDU (p
acket data unit
)
, the PDU thro
ugh the S
NDC laye
r, call
e
d
the SNDC da
ta unit. Then throug
h the LLC layer to L
L
C frame, to the mobile terminal in a GSM
netwo
rk in th
e SGSN thro
ugh the air in
terface,
SGS
N
se
nd
s data
to GGSN. GsN received the
news for p
a
ckagi
ng p
r
o
c
e
ssi
ng, co
nversion to b
e
transmitted i
n
a publi
c
data
netwo
rk fo
rmat
(su
c
h a
s
PSPDN PDU), eventually gave
a public d
a
ta
network u
s
e
r
s.
The sy
stem a
dopts B/S mo
de, in ord
e
r t
o
cont
rol the
serve
r
o
r
con
t
rol ma
chine t
h
rou
gh
the bro
w
ser d
i
rectly to the intelligent me
asu
r
em
ent an
d control unit, the intelligen
t measu
r
eme
n
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 13, No. 1, Janua
ry 2015 : 151 –
158
154
and
co
ntrol
u
n
it mu
st have
the fu
nctio
n
of We
b
se
rve
r
. In the
em
b
edde
d Li
nux
platform, u
s
in
g
Boa as the
Web se
rver
ca
n
make
the
sy
stem run sta
b
l
y and efficie
n
tly in the target system, a
n
d
conve
n
ient u
s
e and mai
n
tenan
ce, high
reliab
ility. The embed
ded
Web
serve
r
Boa and comm
on
Web
se
rver, can
compl
e
te
the receiving client
re
qu
ests, requ
est
analysi
s
, in respon
se to t
he
requ
est, retu
rn to the client
reque
st re
sul
t
s etc.
The
mi
cro ke
rnel
a
r
chitectu
re co
re Linux operat
ing
system itself i
s
q
u
ite si
mple.
Network
files system
and a mod
u
l
e
on the
top of the micro
kernel. The d
r
iver and oth
e
r co
mpon
en
ts at
run tim
e
a
s
a loa
dable
m
odule
compil
ed into
or ad
ded to
the
kernel.
Thi
s
p
r
ovide
s
a
hig
h
ly
modula
r
com
pone
nt method for emb
e
d
ded sy
stem cu
stomi
z
ation.
But in a typical case of the
system
shou
ld be com
b
i
ned with the
driver
an
d appli
c
ation p
r
og
ram tailo
red to provid
e
addition
al fun
c
tionality.
Embedd
ed
systems often
requi
re u
n
iversal fun
c
tio
n
, in ord
e
r t
o
avoid du
pli
c
ation
of
work, the
re
al
ization
of the
s
e fun
c
tion
s
with ma
ny off the shelf p
r
o
g
ram
and
the
drive p
r
o
g
ra
m;
they can be
use
d
for publ
ic peri
phe
ral
s
and appl
i
c
at
ions. Linux runs on m
o
st
microprocessor
perip
he
rals o
n
a wi
de
ran
g
e
of appli
c
ati
ons, a
nd h
a
s
alrea
d
y re
ady
libra
ry. Linux
is em
bed
ded
in
the develop
ment field of steady deve
l
opment. Bec
ause Linux u
s
e
s
GPL,
so
any of the Linu
x
cu
stom PDA
and it is h
a
ndhel
d or
weara
b
le d
e
vi
ce to a
n
yon
e
wh
o is int
e
re
sted that
I can
download
the
ke
rnel
an
d a
pplication
s
Rw
=(I-wL
) [w
U]by for free
from the internet, (1-W)
as is
sho
w
n by Eq
uation (2
).
I
w
wU
wL
I
R
w
)
1
(
)
(
1
(2)
GGSN
and
M
odem
com
m
unication based on PPP pr
otocol, negotiation
must first
carry
on the co
m
m
unication li
nk an
d GG
SN Modem
dial, para
m
e
t
er co
nfigura
t
ion of vario
u
s
comm
uni
cati
on link i
s
point-to-point, negotiati
on
processes follow LC
P, PAP, CHAP, IPCP
protoc
ol,
whic
h
LCP
is used to
build,
c
o
ns
truc
t, test link
,
PAP or
CHAP for t
he treatment
of
password ve
rification
pa
rt; the IPCP
p
r
otocol
is
u
s
e
d
for setting
the net
wo
rk
proto
c
ol,
and
IP
address
allo
cation. The
M
odem
re
ceive
s
a
IP sto
r
ed
in a
data te
rminal
config
u
r
ation
add
re
ss
field, data terminal to
sen
d
co
nfigu
r
atio
n data
frame
data
cente
r
, told the dyn
a
mic IP a
ddre
ss
and IMSI, data cente
r
sto
r
age info
rmati
on re
ceived,
as the
conta
c
t informatio
n
of transmitti
ng
data.
The E5
112
in
terface
is the
5V logi
c, a
n
d
G1
8 i
s
the
3V logi
c, bot
h to
con
n
e
c
t
the u
s
e
must be RS-232 interfa
c
e
input pin level conve
r
si
on
of G18 (TXD, DTR, RTS)
with a toleran
c
e
of 5V, maxim
u
m voltage
can receive 5.
5V, so th
e
th
ree output pi
ns of
E511
2 can
be direct
ly
con
n
e
c
ted to
the
G18
pin.
The
maximu
m outp
u
t
val
ue G
1
8
cann
ot achieve
th
e E51
12 tol
e
rant
input, should
the level
con
v
ersio
n
, we a
dopt the
drai
n drive
r
chip
74LVC07 i
s
o
pen to
compl
e
te
this fun
c
tion.
It is the ci
rcuit
level co
nversion
for
a si
gn
al, 74LV
C07
power fo
r the
3V, so yo
u can
receive 3V i
n
put; and th
e
output e
nd of
the pull
-
u
p
re
sisto
r
i
s
con
n
e
cted
to a
5V
, so th
e outp
u
t
is
pulled up to 5V [4].
T
u
u
diag
u
u
H
]
[
)
,
(
]
[
2
1
2
1
2
1
(3)
The Eq
uation
(3
) i
s
a
bulut
H=[u1
+
u2].
The
software
syste
m
con
s
ists
of the
dri
v
er an
d
the appli
c
atio
n softwa
r
e b
y
[u1+u2]T. T
e
rmin
al
moni
toring
syste
m
softwa
r
e
system with d
a
ta
acq
u
isitio
n, processin
g
an
d stora
ge, re
mote
comm
u
n
icatio
n and
system ma
na
gement fun
c
tions,
and it i
s
to
a
c
hieve
on
-sit
e processin
g
and
re
mo
te
transmissio
n
of field d
a
ta.
In additio
n
, you
can
also u
s
e
GPRS to
access remote
u
pdate
system
appli
c
ation
system fun
c
tio
n
expan
sio
n
.
It
inclu
d
e
s
the
followin
g
fun
c
tion mo
dule
s
: data a
c
qui
sition mo
dule
(A / D); swi
t
ch input d
a
ta
acq
u
isitio
n m
odule; o
u
tput
swit
ch m
odul
e;
databa
se
manag
eme
n
t modul
e (i
ncl
uding
data
qu
ery
and RTC M
a
nagem
ent); communi
catio
n
modul
e; sy
stem mod
u
le
(extende
d functio
n
, sup
p
ort
MCU).
GPRS the p
a
cket exch
an
ge tran
smi
ssi
on m
ode, th
e GSM data
transmi
ssion
original
circuit
swit
chi
ng mo
de
ha
s
unde
rgo
ne fu
ndame
n
tal
ch
ange
s, the
scarce
radi
o re
sou
r
ces in
ca
se
appe
ars pa
rti
c
ula
r
ly impo
rtant. Accordi
n
g to the
ci
rcuit swit
che
d
mode, the e
n
tire conn
ecti
on
perio
d, reg
a
rdless of whet
her the tran
sfer of
u
s
er
dat
a will o
w
n th
e wirele
ss
ch
annel. But for a
packet switched mo
de, the user o
n
ly occupi
e
d
re
sou
r
ces
only
durin
g the
transmitting or
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
Applicatio
n of Wirele
ss Se
nso
r
Net
w
o
r
k and GPRS T
e
ch
nolo
g
y in
… (Men
gxi
n
g
Chan
g)
155
receiving
dat
a, whi
c
h
mea
n
s th
at multip
le u
s
ers
ca
n
efficiently sha
r
e the
same
radio
ch
annel,
so
as to improve the utilization rate
of resources. Chargi
ng
for GP
RS users
to com
m
unication
data
volume as th
e main ba
sis,
reflect
s
the "how mu
ch, h
o
w mu
ch" pri
n
cipl
e.
The b
a
si
c p
r
i
n
cipl
e of GP
RS is,
whe
n
use
r
s uplo
a
d
or
Do
wnloa
d
Internet d
a
ta
, system
is not used whe
n
ca
rryin
g circuit usi
n
g the se
rvi
c
e
conn
ectio
n
, but the use
of packet da
ta
transmissio
n in the netwo
rk, can b
e
sh
ared a
m
on
g
multiple users of the
cybe
r sou
r
ce, at the
same time, network operat
o
rs
can also
maximize
the
use of
existi
ng GSM
eq
ui
pment, to
avoid
the inve
stme
nt GSM
equi
pment
wa
ste.
In ad
diti
on,
data tran
sfer
usin
g GP
RS, and
the
spe
e
ch
transmissio
n
usin
g GSM, t
o
do
wnlo
ad i
n
formatio
n an
d co
mmuni
ca
tion ca
n be
d
one at the
sa
me
time. Therefo
r
e, it not only can p
r
ovide
all
function
s
of GSM mobi
le phon
e co
mmuni
cation
for
GPRS u
s
e
r
s, is
more p
r
o
m
inent fo
r G
P
RS u
s
er
s to
provid
e a
m
o
re
efficient,
more
conveni
ent,
c
h
eaper way
to ac
cess
the In
ternet, mobile more durable.
Network ne
g
o
tiations
can
transmit data
,
s
uppo
rts th
e TCP/IP pro
t
ocol GP
RS netwo
rk,
so by
sendi
n
g
and
re
ceivi
ng IP packet
s
to tran
smit
the data, at the same time
, terminal
system
to all contain the IP message
PPP message
sent by the GGS
N
will
be transmitted to the IP
address corresp
ondi
ng to the Internet netwo
rk, to
complete the termin
al syste
m
to a remote
monitori
ng ce
nter thro
ugh t
he Internet d
a
ta tran
smission.
3. Build of Remote Moni
toring Sy
ste
m
based on
ZigBee
WSN
ZigBee
uses t
he
CSMA /
CA colli
sion
av
oidan
ce
me
chani
sm, at th
e same
time
set a
s
id
e
spe
c
ial time
slot for co
mm
unication bu
siness fi
xed band
width, to avoid
com
pet
ition and co
nflict
whe
n
tran
smi
tting data: MAc layer ad
o
p
ts fully
confi
r
med d
a
ta transfe
r me
ch
anism, ea
ch
data
packet sent must wait
fo
r
inform
ation
receiv
er:
n
e
t
work self-o
rgani
zing stro
ng.
ZigBee self-
orga
nization f
unctio
n
with
o
u
t manual i
n
terventi
on, the
netwo
rk nod
es
can
percei
v
e the pre
s
e
n
c
e
of other nod
es, and d
e
te
rmine the
co
nne
ction,
co
mpositio
n structured net
work; ZigBe
e
self-
healin
g functi
on. Add or d
e
lete a nod
e, the
node po
sition chan
ge
s, node failu
re and so on,
the
netwo
rk
can
achi
eve self repai
r, and the netwo
rk
topolo
g
y are adju
s
ted accordin
gly, without
manual inte
rv
ention, to ensure that the
e
n
tire sy
stem can
still work
norm
a
lly.
The
RF mo
d
u
le an
d mi
cro
p
ro
ce
ssor
co
nne
cted
by RFW1
02 with matchin
g
RF
W-D10
0
.
The
pro
d
u
c
ts are mai
n
ly u
s
ed
for the t
r
ansmitte
r
and
MC
U (
m
ic
ro
pr
oc
e
s
s
i
ng u
n
i
t) p
r
o
v
id
es
a
comm
on interface. It can provide
the syn
c
hrono
us p
a
rallel interfa
c
e
and the memory interfa
c
e is
transpa
rent f
o
r M
C
U an
d
RF
W-102,
as
well
as fo
r
oth
e
r pro
pertie
s
of pe
rformin
g
wire
less
comm
uni
cati
on p
r
oto
c
ol.
At the sam
e
t
i
me, ca
n al
so
co
nverts inp
u
t data fo
r th
e 8 bit fiel
d
MAC
operation? In
addition,
RF
W-D10
0
al
so
has
a sp
e
c
i
a
l de
sign
of energy struct
ure a
nd
wo
rking
mode, an
d the po
we
r co
nsum
ption i
s
very low.
Using th
e RF
W-D10
0
inte
rface
chip, g
r
eatly
redu
ce the dif
f
iculty of desi
gn, sho
r
ten th
e desi
gn cy
cl
e [5].
Query m
e
thod for large-scale m
obil
e
sensor net
works, this
method uses the
m
obility o
f
node
s to improve the que
ry efficiency, and intro
d
u
c
e
d
the con
c
ept
of Associ
atio
n (co
n
tact
s). Its
workin
g p
r
in
ci
ple i
s
to fi
rst
establi
s
h
correlation
betwe
en n
e
igh
bori
n
g no
de
s, a
s
t
hey move, th
en
adja
c
ent no
d
e
s a
s
so
ciate
d
with ne
w,
thus imp
r
ovi
ng the efficie
n
cy of the q
uery. Que
r
y and
traditional
rou
t
ing in differe
nt ways, the basi
c
de
sign
goal is not to
optimize
routi
ng or respon
se
delay, but to
re
du
ce
syst
em ove
r
he
ad
co
mmuni
cati
on, this poi
nt is very
im
po
rtant in
en
ergy
con
s
trai
ned
environ
ment,
espe
cially f
o
r th
e o
n
e
-
time q
uery
se
nso
r
numb
e
r in th
e n
e
twork
(Co
mmuni
cat
i
on su
rvival time is very sh
ort).
Most appli
c
at
ions in wi
rel
e
ss
sen
s
o
r
ne
twork is ZigB
ee and the RF chip. ZigB
ee is a
wirel
e
ss te
ch
nology
with
short di
stan
ce,
low
co
mplex
i
ty, low po
we
r con
s
um
ptio
n, low
data
rate
and lo
w
co
st, a complete
proto
c
ol
sta
c
k only 3
2
kB, can
be
emb
edde
d in va
ri
ous
devices,
and
sup
port
s
for the geo
gra
phical lo
cati
on. The
ab
ove ch
ara
c
te
ristics
determine the Zi
gBee
techn
o
logy is
very suitable
for appli
c
atio
n in wirel
e
ss
sen
s
o
r
netwo
rks.
In a mobil
e
sensor
network mo
del, op
e
r
ati
on m
odel
of static
net
work topol
ogy
control
algorith
m
and
netwo
rk
con
nectivity cann
ot be gua
rant
eed. In fact, whe
n
nod
es
move, the valu
e
of energy tra
n
smi
ssi
on by the m
obile topology co
ntro
l algorithm
ob
tained befo
r
e
operatio
n is not
signifi
cant, which i
s
re
qui
red for th
e stru
ctur
e of the netwo
rk topology is
controlled, a
n
d
imf(x,y)+rL
(
x,y)so
we
ne
e
d
to ta
ke i
n
to a
c
c
ount th
e varia
b
ility of network to
pology
co
ntrol in
time. Equation (4) i
s
sh
own by f(x,y).
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 13, No. 1, Janua
ry 2015 : 151 –
158
156
L
i
L
i
y
x
r
y
x
imf
y
x
f
1
)
,
(
)
,
(
)
,
(
(4)
Time divi
sion
multiplexing
(TDMA) i
s
th
e realization
of ch
ann
el all
o
catio
n
i
s
si
mple a
n
d
mature
me
ch
anism.
TDMA me
cha
n
ism
i
s
a
dopte
d
in
t
he
sen
s
o
r
ne
twork, i
s
di
stributed to
eve
r
y
node in
depe
ndently for sendin
g
or receiving the da
ta
time slots,
and nod
es i
n
other idle ti
me
slots into th
e
sle
ep
state.
Ch
ara
c
te
risti
c
s of
T
D
MA mech
ani
sm are
very suit
able
fo
r sen
s
or
netwo
rks to
save ene
rgy d
e
mand:
retra
n
smi
ssi
on p
r
oblem T
D
MA
colli
sion m
e
cha
n
ism
with
out
comp
etition mech
ani
sm; data
tran
smi
s
sion doe
s
not
need to
co
ntrol the info
rm
ation too mu
ch;
node
s
duri
n
g
idle time
sl
ot to ente
r
a sl
eep
stat
e. TDMA
m
e
ch
ani
sm
re
quire
s stri
ct time
synchro
n
ization b
e
twe
en
n
ode
s [6]. Tim
e
syn
c
h
r
oni
zation i
s
the
b
a
si
c requi
rem
ent of the
sen
s
or
netwo
rk.
The re
alizatio
n of the basi
c
paramete
r
s of
node and
port config
uration parame
t
er are
config
uratio
n
module, a
nd
the com
p
letio
n
of
the gate
w
ay nod
e an
d the se
nsor
node
comm
a
nd.
Data
processing m
odule
f
o
r
parsin
g
a
n
d
conve
r
si
on
on
the
re
cei
v
ed data,
an
d it i
s
whe
n
t
h
e
received d
a
ta from ea
ch
sen
s
o
r
no
de,
throug
h
the
treatment to
the data di
sp
lay, provide t
h
e
data source
q
uerie
s a
nd ot
her a
ppli
c
atio
ns. To
pology
displ
a
y modu
le to com
p
let
e
the di
splay
of
the sen
s
o
r
ne
twork topolo
g
y
, dynamic display
tran
smi
ssi
on path ch
ange of topol
ogical stru
ctu
r
e
of wirel
e
ss sensor n
ode
s
in the network and
wi
rele
ss data p
a
cke
t
s, from the topolo
g
y grap
h,
use
r
s
can
al
so obtai
n e
a
ch
nod
e of
the
curre
n
t time
submitted
to t
he
sen
s
o
r
no
des dete
c
t d
a
t
a
values.
In the ZigBee technol
ogy, the physi
cal l
a
yer (P
HY) and MAC la
yer usi
ng IEEE802.15.4
proto
c
ol sta
n
dard, amo
ng
them, the physical laye
r provide
s
two types of se
rvice
s
: the physical
layer man
a
g
e
ment entity interface (P
LME) p
r
ov
id
es
servi
c
e
s
to the physi
cal layer data
and
physi
cal laye
r ma
nage
me
nt. The p
h
ysical laye
r
da
ta se
rvice
s
can
be t
r
an
smitted thro
u
gh
wirel
e
ss phy
sical chan
nel a
nd re
ceiving
physi
cal
layer protocol data
unit
(PPDU) to realize.
The remote
control sy
stem will reali
z
e sma
ll equipment up to Internet; can
be timely
monitori
ng th
e operation of
each d
e
vice.
The moni
tori
ng system, n
e
twork mo
nitoring a
nd flexible
manne
r, syst
em con
s
tructi
on and mai
n
tenan
ce
co
st
is relatively lo
w, the amoun
t of data can be
store
d
i
n
the
large
r
,
m
o
re
data storage
mode, a
hi
gh
er
deg
ree
of
system
integ
r
ation. Remot
e
monitori
ng ba
sed o
n
the ne
twork of bre
a
k
time, geog
raphi
cal re
stri
ction
s
, as lon
g
as the net
work
exists, u
s
er
a
u
thori
z
ation; i
t
can be
un
re
stri
cted
at an
y time accord
ing to nee
d to monito
r, plug
and play.
4. Design of
Remote Mon
i
toring Sy
stem based on
Wireless Se
nsor Net
w
o
r
k and GPRS
Technolo
g
y
The commu
ni
cation of the
remote mea
s
u
r
eme
n
t and
control
system
mainly inclu
d
e
s the
wire
d network, wireless n
e
twork, GPRS, G
PS and cu
stom com
m
unication p
r
otocol. Beca
use
GPRS ha
s m
any advantag
es, is wi
dely use
d
in dat
a
comm
uni
cati
on se
rvice,
so in the desi
g
n o
f
this sy
stem
use
s
the
GP
RS MC35 m
odule to
tra
n
smit d
a
ta. The M
C
35
module
supp
orts
GSM900
an
d GSM18
0
0
dual
band
netwo
rk, receivin
g rate ca
n rea
c
h 86.20K
b/s,
the
transmissio
n rate can
re
ach
21.5Kb/
s, and
e
a
s
ily i
n
tegrate
d
, UA
RT1 i
n
terfa
c
e and
ARM
2
440
pro
c
e
s
sor
with TTL23
2 level conve
r
si
on
after con
nect
i
ng.
The u
s
er
ca
n the equipm
ent data we
re obtaine
d throug
h two fo
rms, the first kind of
passive fo
rm,
real
-time
acq
u
isition
eq
uip
m
ent dat
a
terminal e
quipm
ent of Zi
gbee
, whe
n
the
da
ta
is beyon
d th
e scope
of the use
r
setting,
send
s
data to the Zigbee
co
ordinator, Zig
b
ee
coo
r
din
a
tor t
h
rou
gh GP
RS module o
n
embed
ded
platform dat
a
by sendi
ng
sho
r
t inform
a
t
io
n
form to the user; second
kinds of active
form,
users
can
send the
sho
r
t informa
t
ion form for the
embed
ded
system, embe
dded
platform for Zig
bee
coo
r
di
nator
an inte
rru
pt
sign
al, usi
n
g
the
Zigbee co
ordi
nator rea
d
ea
ch
te
rminal e
quipme
n
t of
Zigbee
data
by usin
g a q
u
e
ry form, a
n
d
to
sen
d
a sho
r
t messag
e to use
r
, make the use
r
whe
never an
d whereve
r
po
ssi
ble unde
rstan
d
ing
of industri
a
l control field co
ndition.
Gene
ral pa
cket radi
o se
rvice (GPRS
)
is the end to end packet transmi
ssi
on and
swit
chin
g mo
de
set to
se
n
d
an
d receive
data
pr
ovid
e
high
-spee
d, l
o
w-sp
eed
dat
a an
d
signali
n
g
a variety of b
u
sin
e
ss. In th
is pa
per, to m
eet
the ba
sic
need
s of
syst
em, and fully
con
s
id
erin
g the
system
scala
b
ility, remote
monitori
ng
terminal
auto
m
atic in
stru
ment anal
og
sign
als, di
g
i
tal
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
Applicatio
n of Wirele
ss Se
nso
r
Net
w
o
r
k and GPRS T
e
ch
nolo
g
y in
… (Men
gxi
n
g
Chan
g)
157
quantity, switch
qua
ntity and
acqui
sition a
nd fa
ult
statu
s
in
dication, timing
acqui
sition f
i
eld
instru
mentati
on data
an
d
variou
s
state and
keep
records.
Co
mmuni
cation
cont
rol, terminal
equipm
ent a
nd the
rem
o
te se
rver dive
rsity, term
in
al
local
/ rem
o
te real
-time
databa
se
qu
ery,
and it is whi
c
h save
s the cost of comm
u
n
icatio
n.
The b
a
si
c a
r
chite
c
ture
of
embed
ded
re
mote
monito
ring an
d controlling
system
of We
b
as i
s
sh
own
in Fi
gure 2
.
The
rem
o
te mea
s
u
r
em
ent
an
d con
t
rol system
i
s
com
posed
of
Embedd
ed M
easure
m
ent
and
control u
n
it, the local
serve
r
a
nd re
mote man
a
g
e
ment of the
host
of the three
p
a
rts. Th
e em
bedd
ed me
asurem
ent an
d
control unit i
s
locate
d in th
e bottom of t
h
e
main di
stri
but
ion at
ea
ch
n
ode, a
centra
l pro
c
e
s
so
r, sensor,
actuat
or, a
net
work interfa
c
e,
G
PS
module, GP
RS mod
u
le, the envir
onm
ent paramete
r
for the
acq
u
is
ition
of the scen
e, and
the
para
m
eter i
s
compa
r
e
d
with the set value, if
it is beyond the scope of
the provision
s
, wo
uld
make
use of the ala
r
m, an
d let each a
c
tuator to
wo
rk,
to obtain the
norm
a
l ra
nge
of para
m
eters,
and the test data by a cu
stom prot
ocol
to transfer to the local se
rver, so as
to reach rem
o
te
manag
eme
n
t displ
a
y.
T
h
e
s
o
ftw
ar
e s
y
s
t
em is
ma
in
ly co
ns
id
e
r
ed
the
st
arting
proced
ure,
va
riou
s
drivers,
operating system
and appli
c
ation pr
ogra
m
. Linux op
e
r
ating
system
with o
pen
so
urce
cod
e
, you
can
cut the
kernel, and
has in M
o
torola, NEC,
A
R
M an
d othe
r hardware
p
l
atform is
sta
b
le
,
efficient ope
ration, has th
e advantage
s of powerful
netwo
rk fun
c
t
i
ons an
d excellent file syste
m
sup
port fun
c
tions. The
ch
oice of the L
i
nux oper
atin
g system, an
d according
to the spe
c
ific
appli
c
ation, trimmed a
nd cross
com
p
ile
d, forming
a ARM exe
c
uta
b
le file, usin
g
seri
al po
rt a
nd
netwo
rk p
o
rt
download to
FLASH. The
appli
c
ation of
measu
r
em
e
n
t and co
ntrol unit includ
es
data acqui
sition modul
e, liquid crystal
displ
a
y m
odu
le, keyboa
rd
control mod
u
l
e, the netwo
rk
servi
c
e mo
du
le, commu
nication se
rvice
module a
nd
the co
ntrol mo
dule, as i
s
sh
own by figure
2
.
Figure 2.
Co
mpari
s
o
n
re
sults of remote
monitorin
g
system ba
sed
on wirele
ss
sensor net
wo
rk
with GPRS tec
h
nology
The Figu
re 2
of Compa
r
i
s
on re
sult
s of remote m
o
n
i
toring
syste
m
based on
wirel
e
ss
s
e
ns
or
ne
tw
or
k
w
i
th
G
P
R
S
te
c
h
n
o
l
og
y is s
h
o
w
n
b
y
thi
s
pi
cture. Thi
s
p
ape
r d
e
scribes the
de
si
gn
and imple
m
e
n
tation of embedd
ed re
mote co
ntrol
platform for sen
s
o
r
net
work a
nd G
P
RS
techn
o
logy,
a universal
remote
co
ntrol archite
c
tu
re ba
se
d o
n
We
b, de
scrib
e
s th
e key
techn
o
logy
of the syst
em
stru
ctu
r
e
and syste
m
, incl
udin
g
the embed
ded technol
ogy,
comm
uni
cati
on technolo
g
y
and We
b server te
chn
o
l
ogy, and the
su
ccessful a
pplication of
an
intelligent ho
me furni
s
hin
g
system, va
lidates
the fe
asibility of scheme. The
system ha
s hi
gh
s
e
c
u
rity, low
c
o
s
t, with intelligent, timely
alarm.
5. Conclusio
n
The pap
er p
r
esents d
e
si
gn of remote
monito
rin
g
system b
a
se
d on wirele
ss se
nsor
netwo
rk a
nd
GPRS tech
n
o
logy. The sy
stem stru
ctu
r
e of a small n
e
twork u
s
e
s
50 Zigbe
e no
des
in the desig
n
process. In the Zigbe
e module
s
ca
n b
e
line of sigh
t, not busy network, network
quality is goo
d and the a
m
ount of dat
a sent is
l
e
ss than 128Bytes, the emb
e
dded pl
atform to
sen
d
the user to abn
orm
a
l SMS, SMS receiv
in
g norm
a
l user,
but the use
r
se
nd
s a q
uery
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NI
KA
Vol. 13, No. 1, Janua
ry 2015 : 151 –
158
158
messag
e to t
he em
bed
de
d platform, a
u
tomatic
re
pl
y messag
e
with a
short
delay, but
when
many time
s
within a
short
time to the
e
m
bedd
ed
plat
form
sen
d
s t
he qu
ery SM
S, will cau
s
e
the
GPRS pa
cke
t
loss overflo
w
or data. T
h
is is
mainly
becau
se of
the SIM500 module
small
e
r
buffer caused
, need app
ro
priate control netwo
rk d
a
ta flow.
Referen
ces
[1]
Yi Lu
o, Yu
nb
o
Shi, C
h
u
n
x
ue
Sha
ng, Ya
ng
Qiu.
Res
earch
of Hi
gh A
l
titu
de Met
eoro
l
o
g
i
c
al D
e
tectio
n
Sy
stem Based
On GPRS/GP
S.
IJACT
, 2012
Vol. 4, No. 22, pp. 616 ~
62
4.
[2]
Chu
n
-Ch
e
n
g
Li
n, W
en-Pin
g
C
hen, Sh
an-
Chi
h
Hs
i
eh, So
ng-
Sh
yon
g
Ch
en.
Desig
n
a
nd Im
plem
entatio
n
of Z
i
gbee W
i
re
l
e
ss Contro
ller
Modu
le.
AISS
.
201
2; 4(18): 10
6 ~
115.
[3]
Yan Lu, Jian
ju
n Hu. Desig
n
o
f
T
r
acker for El
ectric Vehicl
e Based o
n
GPRS and GPS.
JDCTA
. 2012
;
6(7): 85 ~
92.
[4]
Z
H
ANG Mi-
y
a.
Rese
arch o
n
the Monitor
i
ng S
y
stem i
n
Marin
e
Engi
ne R
o
o
m
Based o
n
Z
i
gBee.
IJACT
.
201
2; 4(23): 80
7 ~
813.
[5]
Gang
Li,
Xi
Lo
n
g
Ch
e. T
he Re
mote Mo
nitori
n
g
S
y
stem B
a
s
ed
on GPRS
for the
He
alth
State of C
i
vi
l
Engi
neer
in
g.
JDCTA
. 2012; 6
(
8): 26 ~
33.
[6]
Guo Jia, Guo
W
e
i, Ma Xin
m
ing, Z
han
g
Guang
yu.
Des
i
gn a
nd Ap
pli
c
ation of F
i
e
l
d
Environm
en
t
Remote Mo
nito
ring S
y
stem Ba
sed on Z
i
gB
ee
Net
w
ork.
JDCT
A
. 2013; 7(8): 550 ~
558.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.