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d
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italizatio
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er
a
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cy
b
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s
ec
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ity
[
1
]
,
[
2
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.
C
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is
m
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m
an
d
im
en
s
io
n
.
Ab
o
v
e
all,
it
is
b
ec
o
m
in
g
m
o
r
e
p
r
o
ac
tiv
e.
R
ath
er
th
an
waitin
g
f
o
r
a
cy
b
er
-
attac
k
t
o
h
ap
p
en
,
th
e
k
ey
is
p
r
ed
ictio
n
an
d
p
r
ev
en
tio
n
.
No
w,
ar
tific
ial
in
tellig
en
ce
(
AI
)
co
m
es
in
to
th
e
p
ictu
r
e
,
an
d
it
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
d
etec
t
p
atter
n
s
in
th
e
d
ata
an
d
tak
e
ac
tio
n
wh
en
aler
ts
ar
is
e.
Priv
ac
y
an
d
s
ec
u
r
ity
o
f
th
e
d
ata
will
alwa
y
s
b
e
th
e
to
p
s
ec
u
r
ity
m
ea
s
u
r
es
th
at
cy
b
er
s
ec
u
r
ity
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
s
s
h
o
u
ld
tak
e.
L
ac
k
o
f
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
p
r
o
tectio
n
ag
ain
s
t
u
n
au
th
o
r
ized
c
h
an
g
es
o
r
alter
atio
n
s
will
cr
ea
te
u
n
wan
ted
ch
an
g
es
in
d
ata
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
Mo
r
e
o
v
er
,
m
o
s
t
co
m
p
an
ies
f
ac
e
a
p
r
elim
i
n
ar
y
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
p
h
ase
[
3
]
,
th
u
s
lim
itin
g
th
e
r
is
k
o
f
ap
p
licatio
n
-
r
elate
d
ass
au
lts
o
r
attac
k
s
.
2.
L
I
T
E
R
AT
U
RE
R
E
VI
E
W
E
th
ics
is
a
v
er
y
s
u
b
jectiv
e
c
o
n
ce
p
t,
b
u
t
it
d
e
p
en
d
s
o
n
o
n
e
th
i
n
g
,
c
h
o
ice.
A
n
in
d
iv
id
u
al
ch
o
o
s
es
to
d
o
th
e
r
ig
h
t
th
in
g
e
v
en
if
o
th
er
o
p
tio
n
s
b
en
e
f
it
th
em
.
As
a
s
o
ciety
,
we
h
av
e
an
u
n
co
n
s
cio
u
s
ex
p
ec
tatio
n
f
r
o
m
o
th
er
s
in
s
o
ciety
to
b
eh
a
v
e
a
ce
r
tain
way
.
T
h
er
e
f
o
r
e,
it
k
ee
p
s
th
e
s
o
cial
f
ib
r
e
o
f
th
e
co
m
m
u
n
ity
to
g
et
h
er
an
d
p
r
o
m
o
tes
a
d
ee
p
er
s
en
s
e
o
f
h
ar
m
o
n
y
.
E
th
ical
r
ef
er
s
to
a
s
cien
ce
o
r
s
t
u
d
y
o
f
m
o
r
als,
et
h
ical
p
r
in
cip
les
an
d
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
s
k
ills
[
4
]
.
Me
an
wh
ile,
eth
ical
co
m
p
eten
ce
is
clo
s
ely
ass
o
ciate
d
with
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
em
o
tio
n
al
co
m
p
eten
ce
,
wh
ich
d
eter
m
in
es
h
o
w
well
we
h
an
d
le
o
u
r
s
elv
es
an
d
ea
ch
o
t
h
er
[
5
]
.
At
its
r
o
o
t,
eth
ical
co
m
p
eten
c
e
r
esid
es
in
th
e
h
u
m
a
n
q
u
est
f
o
r
k
n
o
wled
g
e
an
d
ac
tio
n
th
at
d
ef
in
es
r
ig
h
t
an
d
wr
o
n
g
b
eh
a
v
io
u
r
,
th
e
t
o
u
ch
s
to
n
e
o
f
eth
ics.
T
h
u
s
,
an
eth
ically
c
o
m
p
eten
t
p
er
s
o
n
is
o
n
e
wh
o
,
th
r
o
u
g
h
in
n
ate
o
r
lear
n
ed
b
eh
a
v
io
u
r
,
ca
n
d
is
tin
g
u
is
h
b
etwe
en
r
ig
h
t a
n
d
wr
o
n
g
a
n
d
ac
t a
cc
o
r
d
in
g
l
y
[
6
]
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
aim
s
to
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
an
eth
ical
co
m
p
eten
ce
Mo
d
el
f
o
r
cy
b
er
s
ec
u
r
ity
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
ter
m
s
co
m
p
eten
cy
an
d
co
m
p
e
ten
ce
ar
e
u
s
ed
s
im
ilar
ly
to
d
e
s
cr
ib
e
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
d
o
s
o
m
et
h
in
g
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
lly
o
r
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
.
No
n
eth
eless
,
we
ca
n
d
if
f
er
en
tiate
it
as
co
m
p
eten
cy
is
"a
n
im
p
o
r
tan
t
s
k
ill
th
at
is
n
ee
d
ed
to
d
o
a
jo
b
".
"
I
n
c
o
n
tr
ast,
co
m
p
eten
ce
is
"th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
d
o
s
o
m
eth
in
g
well".
An
o
th
e
r
s
im
ilar
wo
r
d
r
elate
d
is
co
m
p
eten
cies,
wh
ich
ar
e
s
tatem
en
ts
ab
o
u
t
t
h
e
k
n
o
wled
g
e
a
n
d
s
k
ills
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
f
o
r
s
u
cc
ess
(
co
m
p
ete
n
ce
)
in
a
wo
r
k
o
r
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
r
o
le
[
7
]
.
Fro
m
a
b
u
s
in
ess
v
iew
o
f
p
o
in
ts
,
co
m
p
eten
ce
in
d
icate
s
s
u
f
f
icien
cy
o
f
k
n
o
wled
g
e
a
n
d
s
k
ills
th
at
en
ab
le
s
o
m
eo
n
e
to
ac
t
in
a
wid
e
v
ar
iety
o
f
s
itu
atio
n
s
.
T
ab
le
1
s
h
o
ws
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
b
etwe
en
co
m
p
ete
n
ce
an
d
co
m
p
eten
cy
[
8
]
.
I
n
a
c
y
b
e
r
-
s
e
c
u
r
i
t
y
o
r
g
a
n
i
z
a
t
io
n
,
e
t
h
i
c
a
l
c
o
m
p
e
t
e
n
c
e
i
s
a
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
t
a
l
q
u
a
l
i
f
i
c
a
ti
o
n
o
r
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
t
h
a
t
c
y
b
e
r
s
e
c
u
r
it
y
p
r
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
ls
n
ee
d
i
n
d
a
i
l
y
p
r
a
c
t
i
ce
t
o
i
d
e
n
t
i
f
y
t
h
e
e
t
h
i
c
a
l
d
i
m
e
n
s
i
o
n
s
i
n
h
e
r
en
t
i
n
t
h
ei
r
d
e
c
is
i
o
n
‐
m
a
k
i
n
g
.
C
y
b
e
r
s
e
c
u
r
i
t
y
p
r
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
s
m
u
s
t
b
e
h
a
v
e
et
h
i
c
al
l
y
an
d
p
r
o
v
e
t
o
t
h
e
i
r
m
a
n
a
g
e
r
s
t
h
at
t
h
e
y
a
r
e
w
o
r
t
h
y
o
f
o
v
e
r
s
e
e
i
n
g
v
a
l
u
a
b
le
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
t
h
a
t
i
s
,
i
n
r
e
al
i
t
y
,
l
a
i
d
b
a
c
k
t
o
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
a
l
d
u
e
t
o
l
a
c
k
o
f
r
e
g
u
la
t
io
n
[
8
]
.
C
o
n
v
e
r
s
e
l
y
,
t
h
e
r
e
i
s
a
c
y
b
e
r
s
e
c
u
r
i
t
y
c
o
m
p
e
t
e
n
c
y
m
o
d
e
l
d
e
s
i
g
n
e
d
t
o
r
ep
r
e
s
e
n
t
t
h
e
c
o
m
p
e
t
e
n
c
i
es
n
e
ed
e
d
b
y
i
n
d
i
v
i
d
u
a
l
s
w
h
o
s
e
a
ct
i
v
i
ti
es
i
m
p
a
ct
t
h
e
s
e
cu
r
i
t
y
o
f
t
h
e
i
r
o
r
g
a
n
i
za
t
i
o
n
'
s
c
y
b
e
r
s
p
a
c
e
[
9
]
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
is
d
e
p
icted
as
a
p
y
r
am
id
co
n
s
is
tin
g
o
f
f
iv
e
tier
s
d
iv
id
e
d
in
to
two
ca
teg
o
r
ies
o
f
co
m
p
eten
cies:
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
co
m
p
ete
n
cies
an
d
in
d
u
s
tr
y
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
co
m
p
eten
cies.
T
h
e
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
al
co
m
p
ete
n
cies
,
wh
ich
co
m
p
r
is
es
T
ier
1
th
r
o
u
g
h
3
,
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
"so
f
t
-
s
k
ills
"
an
d
wo
r
k
r
ea
d
in
e
s
s
s
k
ill
s
th
at
m
o
s
t
em
p
lo
y
e
r
s
d
em
an
d
,
an
d
ea
ch
tier
co
v
er
s
a
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
co
m
p
eten
cies.
Fo
r
T
ier
1
,
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
is
in
teg
r
ity
wh
ich
r
ef
e
r
s
to
d
is
p
lay
in
g
s
tr
o
n
g
m
o
r
al
p
r
in
cip
les
an
d
wo
r
k
eth
ic.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e,
it
ex
p
o
s
ed
th
at
eth
ics wa
s
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
elem
en
ts
co
n
s
i
d
er
ed
im
p
o
r
tan
t
in
a
cy
b
er
s
ec
u
r
ity
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
.
T
ab
le
1
.
Dif
f
e
r
en
ce
s
b
etwe
en
co
m
p
eten
ce
a
n
d
co
m
p
eten
cy
C
o
m
p
e
t
e
n
c
e
C
o
m
p
e
t
e
n
c
y
S
k
i
l
l
-
b
a
se
d
B
e
h
a
v
i
o
u
r
-
b
a
s
e
d
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
a
t
t
a
i
n
e
d
M
a
n
n
e
r
b
e
h
a
v
i
o
u
r
W
h
a
t
i
s
me
a
su
r
e
d
H
o
w
t
h
e
st
a
n
d
a
r
d
i
s a
c
h
i
e
v
e
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
A
p
r
o
p
o
s
a
l o
f e
t
h
ica
l c
o
mp
ete
n
ce
mo
d
el
fo
r
cy
b
er secu
r
ity
o
r
g
a
n
iz
a
tio
n
(
N
o
r
Ha
p
iz
a
Mo
h
d
A
r
iffi
n
)
1713
3.
E
M
O
T
I
O
NA
L
I
N
T
E
L
L
I
G
E
NC
E
(
E
I
)
AS
A
NE
W
SK
I
L
L
I
N
CYB
E
R
SE
CURI
T
Y
O
RG
ANIZ
A
T
I
O
N
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
an
ar
ticle
[
1
0
]
,
em
o
tio
n
al
in
tellig
en
ce
(
E
I
)
r
an
k
ed
in
th
e
to
p
1
0
m
o
s
t
in
-
d
em
an
d
s
k
ills
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
th
r
iv
e
in
2
0
2
0
b
y
th
e
W
o
r
ld
E
co
n
o
m
ic
Fo
r
u
m
.
I
t
is
ex
p
ec
ted
th
at
th
er
e
will
b
e
a
g
r
ea
ter
b
id
d
in
g
war
f
o
r
em
p
lo
y
ee
s
with
s
o
cial
ab
ilit
ies,
in
clu
d
in
g
p
e
r
s
u
asio
n
an
d
e
m
o
tio
n
al
in
tellig
en
c
e,
d
u
e
to
th
e
n
ew
d
em
an
d
f
o
r
i
n
ter
p
er
s
o
n
al
s
k
ills
in
v
o
lv
in
g
t
h
e
ab
ilit
y
to
c
o
m
m
u
n
icate
an
d
b
u
ild
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
with
o
th
er
s
o
r
o
th
er
wis
e
ca
lled
"p
eo
p
le
s
k
ills
".
C
u
r
r
en
tly
,
m
o
s
t
o
r
g
an
izati
o
n
al
m
o
d
els
in
cy
b
e
r
s
ec
u
r
ity
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
f
o
cu
s
o
n
tech
n
ical
s
k
ills
s
u
ch
as
n
u
m
er
ical,
s
cien
tific
an
d
tech
n
o
lo
g
ical,
wh
ich
is
lim
ited
to
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
in
g
o
r
eq
u
ip
m
en
t
o
p
e
r
atio
n
a
n
d
co
n
tr
o
l.
Mo
r
e
o
v
er
,
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
ar
tific
ial
in
tellig
en
ce
(
A
I
)
is
b
r
i
n
g
in
g
n
ew
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ities
an
d
g
r
ea
te
r
e
f
f
ic
ien
cies
to
cy
b
er
s
ec
u
r
ity
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
s
th
at
s
o
lely
f
o
cu
s
o
n
AI
s
k
ills
r
elate
d
to
co
g
n
itiv
e
in
tellig
en
ce
o
r
I
Q.
E
x
am
p
les
o
f
AI
s
k
ills
ar
e
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
in
g
lan
g
u
ag
es,
lin
ea
r
alg
eb
r
a,
ca
lcu
lu
s
,
s
tatis
t
ics,
s
ig
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
es,
ap
p
lied
m
ath
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
an
d
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
ar
ch
itectu
r
es
[
1
1
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
as
AI
an
d
a
u
to
m
ati
o
n
ac
ce
ler
ate,
em
o
tio
n
al
in
tell
ig
en
ce
(
E
I
)
is
b
ec
o
m
in
g
a
m
u
s
t
-
h
av
e
s
k
ill.
Du
e
to
a
r
ec
en
t
r
ep
o
r
t
f
r
o
m
th
e
C
ap
g
em
in
i
R
esear
ch
I
n
s
titu
te
th
at
s
tated
,
E
I
is
an
e
s
s
en
tial
s
k
ill
f
o
r
th
e
ag
e
o
f
AI
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
E
I
will
b
e
a
m
u
s
t
-
h
av
e
s
k
ill
in
th
e
f
u
tu
r
e,
with
d
em
an
d
lik
ely
to
r
is
e
s
ix
-
f
o
ld
with
in
th
e
n
ex
t
f
iv
e
y
ea
r
s
,
with
7
4
%
o
f
ex
ec
u
tiv
es
b
eliev
in
g
th
at
E
I
will
b
ec
o
m
e
a
"m
u
s
t
-
h
av
e"
s
k
ill
[
9
]
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
co
n
clu
d
es
th
at
co
m
p
an
ies
n
ee
d
to
e
m
b
ed
E
I
in
to
t
h
eir
v
a
r
io
u
s
p
r
ac
tices
an
d
tak
e
b
o
tto
m
-
u
p
an
d
to
p
-
d
o
wn
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
to
b
u
ild
a
h
ig
h
E
I
wo
r
k
f
o
r
ce
th
r
o
u
g
h
m
o
d
if
icatio
n
s
to
ex
is
tin
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es.
Or
g
an
izatio
n
s
will
also
n
ee
d
to
cr
ea
te
a
cu
ltu
r
e
th
at
v
alu
es
E
I
an
d
s
tr
iv
es
f
o
r
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
t.
I
t
h
i
g
h
lig
h
ts
f
o
u
r
k
ey
ar
ea
s
o
n
wh
ich
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
s
h
o
u
ld
f
o
cu
s
to
b
u
ild
a
m
o
r
e
em
o
tio
n
ally
in
tel
lig
en
t w
o
r
k
f
o
r
ce
:
−
C
u
s
to
m
ize
ex
is
tin
g
lear
n
in
g
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
to
i
n
teg
r
ate
E
I
an
d
m
ak
e
th
em
ac
ce
s
s
ib
le
to
all
−
Mo
d
if
y
r
ec
r
u
itm
en
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es to
in
clu
d
e
th
e
ev
alu
atio
n
o
f
E
I
−
Ap
p
ly
an
E
I
len
s
wh
en
p
r
o
m
o
tin
g
an
d
r
ewa
r
d
in
g
talen
t
−
Use te
ch
n
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
d
ata
f
o
r
b
u
ild
in
g
a
h
ig
h
E
I
cu
ltu
r
e
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
AI
co
m
es
clo
s
est
to
h
u
m
an
s
o
ciety
s
in
ce
i
t
is
a
r
ep
licatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
h
u
m
an
m
in
d
.
I
n
tellig
en
t
d
ev
ices
h
av
e
b
ec
o
m
e
an
in
teg
r
al
p
ar
t
o
f
o
u
r
liv
es
an
d
h
en
ce
n
ee
d
to
ad
h
er
e
t
o
th
e
p
r
in
cip
les
th
at
h
o
ld
s
o
ciety
to
g
eth
e
r
.
Fo
r
b
u
s
in
ess
e
s
to
in
v
est
in
AI
,
th
ey
wo
u
ld
n
ee
d
to
tr
u
s
t
it.
I
B
M
's
W
at
s
o
n
is
a
g
r
ea
t
ex
am
p
le
o
f
an
et
h
ical
AI
th
at
tar
g
ets
f
ir
m
s
th
at
wan
t
to
u
s
e
AI
to
h
elp
th
em
wo
r
k
.
Priv
ac
y
,
tr
an
s
p
ar
en
c
y
,
an
d
ac
co
u
n
tab
ilit
y
a
r
e
v
er
y
im
p
o
r
tan
t
f
o
r
an
y
b
u
s
in
ess
to
in
d
u
l
g
e
in
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
.
E
m
o
tio
n
al
in
tellig
en
ce
will
b
e
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
ly
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
as
au
to
m
atio
n
,
an
d
ar
tific
ial
in
tellig
en
ce
r
ep
lace
s
all
o
r
p
ar
t
o
f
m
an
y
jo
b
s
.
Hu
m
an
s
in
th
e
wo
r
k
p
lace
b
ec
o
m
e
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
ly
d
if
f
er
en
tiated
b
y
th
eir
u
n
iq
u
e
h
u
m
a
n
ch
a
r
ac
ter
is
tics
an
d
s
k
ills
[
1
2
]
.
W
e
n
ee
d
to
n
u
r
tu
r
e
h
u
m
a
n
ass
ets
an
d
co
n
s
id
er
h
o
w
s
k
ills
an
d
co
m
p
eten
cies
s
u
ch
as
em
o
tio
n
al
in
tellig
en
ce
,
m
an
ag
em
en
t,
lead
er
s
h
ip
,
o
p
er
atin
g
cu
ltu
r
e
,
s
k
ills
an
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
wo
r
k
in
d
iv
id
u
ally
an
d
to
g
eth
er
to
g
en
e
r
ate
v
alu
e.
E
I
in
v
o
lv
es
two
cr
itica
l
ab
ilit
ies.
First,
it
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
th
e
a
b
ilit
y
to
r
ec
o
g
n
ize,
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
,
an
d
c
o
n
tr
o
l
o
u
r
o
wn
e
m
o
tio
n
s
.
Seco
n
d
,
i
t
in
clu
d
es
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
id
en
t
if
y
,
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
,
an
d
in
f
lu
en
c
e
o
th
er
s
'
e
m
o
tio
n
s
.
T
h
o
s
e
th
at
will
em
er
g
e
o
n
to
p
in
th
e
ag
e
o
f
AI
will
alm
o
s
t
ce
r
tain
ly
s
co
r
e
h
ig
h
in
ter
m
s
o
f
E
I
[
1
3
]
.
Har
v
ar
d
b
u
s
in
ess
r
ev
iew
(
HB
R
)
ex
p
lai
n
s
,
"
th
o
s
e
th
at
wan
t
t
o
s
tay
r
e
lev
an
t
in
th
eir
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
s
will
n
ee
d
to
f
o
cu
s
o
n
s
k
ills
an
d
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
th
at
ar
tific
ial
in
tellig
en
ce
h
as
tr
o
u
b
l
e
r
ep
licatin
g
—
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
in
g
,
m
o
tiv
atin
g
,
an
d
in
ter
ac
tin
g
with
h
u
m
a
n
b
ein
g
s
".
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
it
ca
n
b
e
c
o
n
clu
d
ed
th
at
th
e
r
e
is
a
n
ee
d
f
o
r
E
I
s
k
ills
wh
ich
in
d
icate
s
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
b
len
d
in
g
AI
s
k
ills
an
d
E
I
s
k
ill
s
f
o
r
em
p
lo
y
ee
s
'
co
m
p
eten
cies
in
cy
b
er
s
ec
u
r
ity
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
.
I
n
tellig
en
ce
r
ef
er
s
to
th
e
u
n
i
q
u
e
h
u
m
a
n
m
en
tal
ab
ilit
y
to
h
an
d
le
an
d
r
ea
s
o
n
in
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
,
wh
ile
in
tellig
en
t
q
u
o
tien
t
(
I
Q)
r
ef
e
r
s
to
co
g
n
itiv
e
in
tellig
en
ce
.
I
Q
is
th
e
in
tellig
en
ce
th
at
p
eo
p
le
ar
e
g
en
er
ally
m
o
s
t
f
am
iliar
with
,
as
it
i
s
th
e
ty
p
e
th
at
is
m
o
s
t
o
f
ten
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
wh
en
th
e
wo
r
d
"in
tellig
en
ce
"
i
s
u
s
ed
.
I
t
is
al
s
o
th
e
ty
p
e
m
o
s
t
o
f
ten
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
test
in
g
an
d
esti
m
ated
th
r
o
u
g
h
g
r
a
d
e
-
p
o
in
t
av
er
ag
es
[
9
]
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
co
g
n
itiv
e
in
tellig
en
ce
is
a
n
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
p
ar
t
o
f
AI
t
h
at
en
co
m
p
ass
es
th
e
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
an
d
to
o
ls
th
at
allo
w
o
u
r
ap
p
s
,
web
s
ites
an
d
b
o
ts
to
s
e
e,
h
ea
r
,
s
p
ea
k
,
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
an
d
in
ter
p
r
et
a
u
s
er
'
s
n
ee
d
s
in
a
n
atu
r
al
way
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
we
ca
n
co
n
clu
d
e
t
h
at
I
Q
o
r
co
g
n
itiv
e
in
tellig
en
ce
is
a
s
u
b
s
et
o
f
AI
.
I
n
o
th
e
r
wo
r
d
s
,
we
ca
n
r
ef
er
to
I
Q
as
p
ar
t
o
f
AI
.
T
h
e
E
n
cy
clo
p
ed
ia
B
r
itan
n
ica
d
ef
in
es
th
e
c
o
n
ce
p
t
o
f
AI
as
"th
e
ab
ilit
y
o
f
a
d
ig
ital
co
m
p
u
ter
o
r
co
m
p
u
ter
-
co
n
tr
o
lled
r
o
b
o
t
s
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
task
s
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
ass
o
ciate
d
with
in
tellig
en
t
b
ein
g
s
.
T
h
e
ter
m
is
f
r
eq
u
e
n
tly
ap
p
lied
to
th
e
p
r
o
je
ct
o
f
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
en
d
o
wed
with
th
e
in
tellectu
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
t
ic
o
f
h
u
m
an
s
,
s
u
ch
as
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
r
ea
s
o
n
,
d
is
co
v
e
r
m
ea
n
i
n
g
,
g
en
er
alize
,
o
r
lear
n
f
r
o
m
ex
p
e
r
ien
ce
".
T
h
e
p
r
o
b
lem
with
th
e
ter
m
ar
tific
ial
is
th
at
it
g
iv
es
th
e
co
n
n
o
tatio
n
s
o
f
a
lack
o
f
au
th
en
ticity
,
r
o
b
o
tic
-
lik
e
an
d
u
n
n
atu
r
al
w
h
en
it a
im
s
to
b
e
q
u
ite
th
e
o
p
p
o
s
ite.
T
o
s
u
m
m
ar
ize
th
is
r
ath
er
len
g
th
y
ex
p
lan
atio
n
in
f
ewe
r
wo
r
d
s
,
o
n
e
c
o
u
ld
s
im
p
ly
d
escr
ib
e
AI
as
cr
ea
tin
g
a
co
m
p
u
ter
th
at
ca
n
s
o
lv
e
co
m
p
le
x
p
r
o
b
lem
s
as
a
h
u
m
an
wo
u
ld
.
As
an
ap
p
licatio
n
,
it
allo
ws
m
ac
h
in
es
to
lear
n
th
eir
u
s
er
s
'
lan
g
u
ag
e
s
o
th
at
th
ey
d
o
n
'
t
h
av
e
to
lear
n
th
e
lan
g
u
a
g
e
o
f
m
ac
h
in
es.
AI
is
a
m
u
ch
wid
e
r
co
n
ce
p
t
t
h
at
in
c
lu
d
es
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
an
d
in
n
o
v
a
tio
n
s
s
u
ch
as
r
o
b
o
tics
,
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
,
d
ee
p
lear
n
in
g
,
n
e
u
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
s
,
an
d
n
atu
r
al
lan
g
u
ag
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
(
NL
P)
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
AI
is
clo
s
ely
lin
k
ed
to
th
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
2
4
,
No
.
3
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
21
:
1
7
1
1
-
1
7
1
7
1714
f
o
u
r
p
illar
s
o
f
in
n
o
v
atio
n
an
d
d
ig
ital
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
:
clo
u
d
c
o
m
p
u
tin
g
,
m
o
b
ilit
y
,
s
o
cial
an
a
ly
tics
an
d
b
ig
d
ata
as
it
p
o
wer
s
s
o
m
e
o
f
th
e
m
a
in
ac
ce
ler
ato
r
s
o
f
th
is
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
;
in
clu
d
in
g
cl
o
u
d
c
o
m
p
u
tin
g
,
c
o
g
n
it
iv
e
s
y
s
tem
s
,
th
e
in
ter
n
et
o
f
th
i
n
g
s
(
I
o
T
)
,
cy
b
e
r
s
ec
u
r
ity
an
d
b
i
g
d
ata
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
.
As
AI
g
r
ad
u
ally
s
ee
p
s
in
t
o
m
o
r
e
in
d
u
s
tr
ies,
its
n
ee
d
f
o
r
an
em
o
tio
n
al
q
u
o
tien
t
(
E
Q)
b
ec
o
m
es
m
o
r
e
p
r
o
n
o
u
n
ce
d
.
M
o
n
ito
r
in
g
ar
tific
ial
in
tellig
en
ce
b
y
s
ettin
g
a
n
eth
ic
al
f
r
am
e
wo
r
k
is
th
e
way
f
o
r
war
d
[
1
5
]
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
b
ein
g
em
o
t
io
n
ally
in
tellig
en
t
r
eq
u
ir
es
u
s
to
p
ay
atten
tio
n
to
w
h
at
we
ar
e
th
in
k
in
g
an
d
f
ee
lin
g
(
s
elf
-
awa
r
e
n
ess
)
an
d
d
ir
ec
t
o
u
r
atten
tio
n
to
wh
a
t
o
th
er
s
m
ay
b
e
th
in
k
i
n
g
an
d
f
ee
lin
g
(
em
p
at
h
y
)
.
T
h
e
ev
id
en
ce
is
s
tr
o
n
g
th
at
a
h
ig
h
lev
el
o
f
E
I
is
a
k
ey
d
if
f
er
en
tiato
r
in
m
an
y
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
l
p
e
o
p
le.
A
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
o
f
E
I
b
e
b
u
ilt b
y
d
escr
ib
in
g
s
o
m
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
co
m
p
eten
cies:
−
Self
-
awa
r
en
ess
:
Kn
o
win
g
y
o
u
r
em
o
tio
n
s
,
y
o
u
r
co
m
p
eten
cie
s
,
y
o
u
r
ca
p
ac
ity
,
w
h
at
y
o
u
ar
e
th
in
k
in
g
,
an
d
h
o
w
y
o
u
ca
n
lis
ten
to
th
e
s
ig
n
als y
o
u
r
b
o
d
y
is
s
en
d
in
g
.
−
Self
-
m
an
ag
em
en
t: E
m
o
tio
n
al
s
elf
-
co
n
tr
o
l,
a
d
ap
tab
ilit
y
,
ac
h
i
ev
em
en
t &
p
o
s
itiv
e
o
u
tlo
o
k
.
−
So
cial
awa
r
en
ess
: E
m
p
ath
y
&
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
al
awa
r
en
ess
.
−
R
elatio
n
s
h
ip
m
an
ag
em
e
n
t:
I
n
s
p
ir
in
g
lead
er
s
h
ip
,
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
,
co
n
f
lict
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t,
team
wo
r
k
an
d
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
.
T
ab
le
2
s
h
o
ws
th
e
d
if
f
e
r
en
ce
s
b
etwe
en
E
I
/EQ
an
d
I
Q
in
s
k
ills
o
r
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
e
b
en
ef
its
o
f
I
Q
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
ar
e
well
k
n
o
wn
an
d
r
elativ
ely
o
b
v
i
o
u
s
.
I
t
h
as
h
elp
ed
p
eo
p
le
ac
h
iev
e
p
r
a
ctica
l
g
o
als
th
r
o
u
g
h
lin
ea
r
th
in
k
in
g
a
n
d
ex
ec
u
tio
n
.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast,
th
e
b
e
n
ef
its
o
f
th
e
E
I
/EQ
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies ar
e
less
we
ll k
n
o
wn
an
d
m
o
r
e
d
if
f
icu
lt to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
b
ec
au
s
e
th
ey
ar
e
h
o
lis
tic
s
k
ills
th
at
ca
n
n
o
t b
e
ea
s
ily
q
u
a
n
tifie
d
.
Me
an
wh
ile,
Peter
Salo
v
ey
an
d
J
o
h
n
D.
Ma
y
er
,
in
th
e
ir
in
f
lu
en
tial
ar
ticle
"e
m
o
tio
n
al
in
tellig
en
ce
,
"
d
ef
in
ed
E
I
as
th
e
s
u
b
s
et
o
f
s
o
cial
in
tellig
en
ce
[
1
7
]
.
L
ater
,
Dan
iel
Go
lem
an
'
s
b
o
o
k
o
n
E
I
d
escr
ib
ed
th
at
to
b
e
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
l,
E
I
/EQ
is
m
o
r
e
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
t
h
an
tr
a
d
itio
n
al
I
Q
m
ea
s
u
r
es
[
1
8
]
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
t
o
[
1
9
]
,
b
ased
o
n
h
er
alm
o
s
t
th
r
ee
d
ec
ad
es
o
f
r
esear
ch
,
E
I
r
esu
lts
f
r
o
m
th
e
in
t
er
ac
tio
n
o
f
i
n
tellig
en
ce
an
d
em
o
tio
n
an
d
ca
n
b
e
d
ef
in
ed
as
"th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
ca
r
r
y
o
u
t
ac
c
u
r
ate
r
ea
s
o
n
in
g
a
b
o
u
t
em
o
tio
n
s
a
n
d
th
e
ab
ilit
y
t
o
u
s
e
em
o
tio
n
s
an
d
em
o
tio
n
al
k
n
o
wled
g
e
to
en
h
a
n
ce
th
o
u
g
h
t
".
I
t
is
also
r
e
f
er
r
i
n
g
to
an
in
d
i
v
id
u
al'
s
ca
p
ac
ity
to
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
a
n
d
m
an
ag
e
em
o
tio
n
s
[
2
0
]
.
E
I
im
p
ac
ts
m
an
y
asp
ec
ts
o
f
o
u
r
d
ai
ly
liv
es,
s
u
ch
as
h
o
w
p
eo
p
le
b
eh
av
e
a
n
d
in
te
r
ac
t
with
th
eir
co
lleag
u
es,
cu
s
to
m
er
s
,
s
en
io
r
s
,
an
d
f
am
ily
.
E
I
/EQ
m
atter
s
m
o
r
e
th
an
o
u
r
I
n
tellec
tu
al
ab
ilit
y
(
I
Q)
to
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
d
ea
l
with
t
h
ese
s
tak
eh
o
ld
er
s
as
it
h
elp
s
b
u
ild
s
tr
o
n
g
er
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
,
ac
h
iev
e
ca
r
ee
r
g
o
als,
an
d
s
u
cc
ee
d
at
w
o
r
k
.
A
s
tu
d
y
b
y
[
2
1
]
ex
p
l
o
r
ed
h
o
w
E
I
an
d
c
o
g
n
itiv
e
in
tellig
en
ce
p
o
s
itiv
ely
af
f
ec
t
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
an
d
s
o
cial
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
s
.
W
h
ile
I
Q
is
a
s
tr
o
n
g
p
r
ed
icto
r
o
f
s
u
cc
ess
,
th
ey
f
o
u
n
d
t
h
at
E
I
/E
Q
also
co
n
tr
i
b
u
tes.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
E
I
/EQ
is
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
f
ac
to
r
in
s
o
cial
in
ter
ac
ti
o
n
s
,
wh
ile
I
Q
d
o
es
n
o
t
h
a
v
e
m
an
y
r
o
les
in
s
o
cial
life
.
T
h
u
s
,
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
s
tu
d
y
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
,
it
ca
n
b
e
c
o
n
clu
d
e
d
th
at
AI
ca
n
b
e
r
ef
e
r
r
ed
to
as
c
o
g
n
itiv
e
I
n
tellig
en
ce
o
r
I
Q.
Hen
ce
,
th
er
e
is
a
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
AI
an
d
E
I
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
b
len
d
in
g
AI
s
k
ills
an
d
E
I
s
k
ills
f
o
r
an
eth
ical
co
m
p
eten
c
e
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
f
o
r
an
o
r
g
an
izati
o
n
ca
n
b
e
a
s
u
itab
le
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
T
ab
le
2
.
Dif
f
e
r
en
ce
s
b
etwe
en
E
I
/EQ
an
d
I
Q
EI
/
EQ
IQ
S
e
l
f
-
a
w
a
r
e
n
e
ss
S
e
l
f
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
R
e
s
p
o
n
s
i
b
l
e
D
e
c
i
si
o
n
M
a
k
i
n
g
R
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
h
i
p
s
k
i
l
l
s
S
o
c
i
a
l
A
w
a
r
e
n
e
ss
Lo
g
i
c
t
h
i
n
k
i
n
g
M
a
t
h
e
ma
t
i
c
a
l
r
e
a
s
o
n
i
n
g
S
p
a
t
i
a
l
r
e
a
so
n
i
n
g
V
e
r
b
a
l
r
e
a
so
n
i
n
g
M
e
m
o
r
y
a
n
d
r
e
c
a
l
l
4.
DE
V
E
L
O
P
M
E
N
T
O
F
E
T
H
I
CAL CO
M
P
E
T
E
N
CE
M
O
D
E
L
T
h
e
n
ew
eth
ics
m
ea
s
u
r
es
ar
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
ed
in
t
h
e
ag
e
-
o
l
d
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
eth
ics,
wh
ich
is
th
e
s
tu
d
y
o
f
h
u
m
a
n
co
n
d
u
ct,
em
p
h
asizin
g
r
ig
h
t
a
n
d
wr
o
n
g
.
T
h
ey
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
th
e
g
o
ld
s
tan
d
ar
d
f
o
r
h
u
m
an
b
eh
a
v
io
u
r
f
o
r
m
illen
n
ia.
B
u
t
th
eir
ap
p
licatio
n
in
m
o
d
e
r
n
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
in
d
u
s
tr
ialized
s
o
ciety
h
as
b
ee
n
twis
ted
an
d
ta
n
g
led
in
p
u
r
s
u
it
o
f
an
o
th
er
less
n
o
b
le
p
r
in
cip
le
—
ex
p
ed
ien
cy
:
g
r
asp
i
n
g
f
o
r
ad
v
an
tag
e
r
ath
e
r
th
an
f
o
r
wh
at
is
r
ig
h
t
[
2
1
]
.
Hen
ce
,
th
e
eth
ical
r
u
les
o
f
t
h
e
p
ast
ac
q
u
ir
e
a
n
ew
a
n
d
u
r
g
e
n
t
p
r
o
m
in
en
ce
in
th
e
p
r
esen
t,
esp
ec
ially
in
th
e
er
a
o
f
I
R
4
.
0
.
W
e
ar
e
ch
allen
g
ed
as
in
d
iv
id
u
als,
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
a
n
d
s
o
ciety
to
b
ec
o
m
e
eth
ically
co
m
p
eten
t.
T
o
b
e
co
m
p
eten
t
m
ea
n
s
h
a
v
in
g
a
n
ab
ilit
y
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
at
o
n
e
ca
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
at
an
a
cc
ep
tab
le
s
tan
d
ar
d
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
er
e
is
a
n
ee
d
to
d
ef
in
e
wh
at
it m
ea
n
s
to
b
e
eth
ically
c
o
m
p
eten
t in
t
h
e
er
a
o
f
I
R
4
.
0
.
B
ased
o
n
Go
lem
an
'
s
s
tu
d
y
to
war
d
s
E
I
,
h
e
m
en
tio
n
ed
th
at
t
h
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
eth
ical
in
tellig
e
n
ce
g
iv
es
r
is
e
to
eth
ical
co
m
p
eten
ce
b
e
y
o
n
d
s
h
o
win
g
h
o
w
E
I
d
ete
r
m
in
es
s
u
cc
ess
in
th
e
wo
r
k
p
la
ce
an
d
s
o
ciety
[
4
]
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
Go
lem
an
d
ef
in
e
d
em
o
ti
o
n
al
c
o
m
p
eten
ce
as
"
a
lear
n
ed
ca
p
a
b
ilit
y
b
ased
o
n
E
I
th
at
r
esu
lts
in
a
n
o
u
ts
tan
d
in
g
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
at
w
o
r
k
".
T
h
o
u
g
h
d
if
f
ic
u
lt
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e,
Go
lem
an
s
u
g
g
ested
th
at
E
I
is
o
b
s
er
v
ab
le
as
th
e
q
u
ality
th
at
d
is
tin
g
u
is
h
es
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
l
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
b
ey
o
n
d
tr
ai
n
in
g
a
n
d
e
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.
An
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o
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ete
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ce
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
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&
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E
ac
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io
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o
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m
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eten
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iv
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ate
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g
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d
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to
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o
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ca
le.
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ig
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ex
p
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ess
ed
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tag
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o
m
es
th
e
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ical
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u
o
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t
(
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th
Q)
,
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o
llo
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g
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tr
ad
it
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ess
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o
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wev
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,
n
o
claim
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ad
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th
at
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e
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u
o
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is
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d
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g
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ea
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als
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izatio
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o
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co
m
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.
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r
th
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m
o
r
e,
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ased
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a
n
o
th
e
r
eth
ical
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m
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ete
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ce
f
r
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f
r
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m
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ies,
T
ab
l
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3
s
h
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ws
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d
escr
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o
f
AI
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I
elem
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is
tin
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th
e
f
r
am
ewo
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[
2
2
]
-
[
2
4
]
.
T
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e,
th
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p
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e
v
i
o
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s
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tu
d
y
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d
T
ab
le
3
s
h
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wed
a
lack
o
f
an
eth
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co
m
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eten
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m
o
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el
o
r
f
r
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o
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at
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len
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s
AI
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d
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I
s
k
ill
s
.
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h
is
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itu
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ec
o
m
es a
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ity
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izatio
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asis
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ill
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ten
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im
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lem
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n
t
eth
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m
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eten
ce
f
o
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cy
b
er
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p
u
r
p
o
s
es.
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ce
,
th
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
p
r
o
ject
is
to
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n
s
tr
u
ct
an
eth
ical
co
m
p
eten
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f
o
r
cy
b
er
s
ec
u
r
ity
em
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lo
y
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o
r
p
o
ten
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u
s
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n
ew
m
o
d
el
p
r
o
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o
s
ed
as
cy
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er
ar
tem
o
tio
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al
m
o
d
el
.
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th
er
m
o
r
e
,
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
eth
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co
m
p
ete
n
ce
m
o
d
el,
it
ca
n
b
e
d
i
v
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ed
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to
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r
ee
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m
p
o
n
en
ts
wh
ich
ar
e
k
n
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wled
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e,
s
k
ills
an
d
attitu
d
es
[
2
3
]
,
[
2
5
]
-
[
2
8
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
ws
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
eth
ical
co
m
p
eten
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m
o
d
el
f
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r
cy
b
er
s
ec
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ity
o
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izatio
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s
,
n
a
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ely
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cy
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o
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el
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3
.
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Emp
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C
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Fig
u
r
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1
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C
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el
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CO
NCLU
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O
N
T
h
e
u
r
g
e
f
o
r
m
o
r
e
atten
tio
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to
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d
s
p
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p
le
s
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ills
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u
ch
as
E
I
h
as
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m
e
in
to
d
e
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ate
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d
r
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ch
r
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en
tly
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I
n
2
0
2
0
,
a
s
tu
d
y
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ev
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led
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at
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I
is
a
g
o
o
d
p
r
ed
ict
o
r
o
f
eth
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c
o
m
p
eten
ce
.
I
t
is
th
e
co
m
p
eten
cy
to
p
er
ce
iv
e
an
d
ex
p
r
ess
em
o
tio
n
s
p
r
ec
is
el
y
to
f
ac
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ate
th
o
u
g
h
t
to
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
an
d
m
an
ag
e
em
o
tio
n
s
.
As
AI
is
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
as
co
g
n
itiv
e
I
n
tell
ig
en
ce
o
r
I
Q,
it
s
h
o
wed
a
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
AI
an
d
E
I
.
T
h
u
s
,
b
len
d
in
g
AI
s
k
ills
an
d
E
I
s
k
ills
f
o
r
an
eth
ical
co
m
p
eten
ce
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
f
o
r
a
n
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
ca
n
b
e
a
s
u
itab
le
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
er
e
is
a
lack
o
f
a
n
eth
ical
co
m
p
eten
ce
m
o
d
el
o
r
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
th
at
b
le
n
d
s
AI
an
d
E
I
s
k
ills
.
T
h
is
s
itu
atio
n
b
ec
o
m
es
a
b
ig
ch
allen
g
e
to
cy
b
e
r
s
ec
u
r
ity
o
r
g
a
n
i
za
tio
n
s
th
at
em
p
h
asize
AI
s
k
ills
if
th
ey
in
ten
d
to
im
p
lem
en
t
eth
ical
c
o
m
p
eten
c
e
f
o
r
th
eir
cy
b
er
eth
ics
p
u
r
p
o
s
es.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
m
o
s
t
cy
b
er
s
ec
u
r
ity
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
s
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
AI
s
k
ills
an
d
d
is
r
eg
ar
d
e
d
E
I
s
k
ills
.
Ma
n
y
o
v
e
r
lo
o
k
ed
th
e
r
o
les
o
f
E
I
s
k
ills
,
wh
ich
ar
e
a
b
o
u
t
p
er
s
o
n
al
eth
ical
co
m
p
eten
cies
an
d
ab
ilit
ies.
T
o
d
ate,
th
er
e
i
s
a
lack
o
f
an
y
m
o
d
el
th
at
in
clu
d
es
E
I
s
k
ills
an
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
2
4
,
No
.
3
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
21
:
1
7
1
1
-
1
7
1
7
1716
AI
s
k
ills
a
s
an
as
s
es
s
m
en
t
f
o
r
eth
ical
co
m
p
eten
ce
in
cy
b
er
s
ec
u
r
ity
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
s
.
I
t
s
h
o
wed
th
at
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
eth
ical
co
m
p
eten
ce
h
as
s
ti
ll
n
o
t
b
ee
n
s
u
f
f
icien
tly
r
esear
ch
ed
in
th
e
cy
b
er
s
ec
u
r
ity
o
r
g
an
izati
o
n
co
n
tex
t.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
er
e
is
a
n
ee
d
f
o
r
s
tu
d
ies
o
n
m
o
d
ellin
g
th
e
b
l
en
d
s
o
f
AI
an
d
E
I
s
k
ills
f
o
r
th
e
cy
b
er
s
ec
u
r
ity
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
'
s
eth
ical
co
m
p
ete
n
ce
m
o
d
el.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
cy
b
e
r
ar
tem
o
tio
n
al
m
o
d
el
is
a
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
th
e
eth
ical
co
m
p
eten
ce
o
f
em
p
lo
y
ee
s
in
th
e
cy
b
er
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
f
o
r
ass
ess
m
en
t
to
o
ls
.
I
t
will
b
e
a
n
o
v
el
th
eo
r
y
th
at
p
r
o
v
i
d
es
g
o
o
d
m
ater
ial
as
a
g
u
id
elin
e
an
d
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
s
to
cy
b
er
s
ec
u
r
ity
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
,
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t,
I
R
4
.
0
co
n
s
u
ltan
ts
,
an
d
lo
ca
l a
n
d
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
ac
ad
em
ician
s
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
J.
Lee
,
B.
Ba
g
h
e
ri,
a
n
d
C.
Jin
,
"
In
tro
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o
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/
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m
fg
let.
2
0
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.
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0
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.
[2
]
M.
A
.
M
o
k
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tar
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N.
No
o
rd
i
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,
“
An
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stry
4
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in
M
a
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o
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ig
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d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
in
stit
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ti
o
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i
n
M
a
la
y
sia
,”
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
E
n
g
i
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a
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d
C
o
mp
u
ter
S
c
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e
,
v
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l.
16
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
9
7
8
-
978
,
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/i
jee
c
s.v
1
6
.
i2
.
p
p
9
7
8
-
9
8
7
.
[3
]
I.
Ya
q
o
o
b
e
t
a
l.
,
"
Th
e
rise
o
f
ra
n
so
m
wa
re
a
n
d
e
m
e
rg
in
g
se
c
u
rit
y
c
h
a
ll
e
n
g
e
s
in
th
e
I
n
tern
e
t
o
f
Th
i
n
g
s,"
Co
m
p
u
te
r
Ne
two
rk
s:
T
h
e
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Co
mp
u
ter
a
n
d
T
e
lec
o
m
mu
n
ica
t
io
n
s
Ne
two
rk
in
g
,
v
o
l.
1
2
9
,
p
p
.
4
4
4
-
4
5
8
,
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j.
c
o
m
n
e
t.
2
0
1
7
.
0
9
.
0
0
3
.
[4
]
D.
G
o
lem
a
n
,
“
E
m
o
ti
o
n
a
l
I
n
telli
g
e
n
c
e
:
Wh
y
it
c
a
n
m
a
tt
e
r
m
o
re
t
h
a
n
IQ
,”
L
o
n
d
o
n
,
UK:
Bl
o
o
ms
b
u
ry
Pu
b
li
sh
i
n
g
,
2
0
2
0
.
[5
]
M
.
Iss
a
h
,
“
Ch
a
n
g
e
lea
d
e
rsh
i
p
:
Th
e
ro
le
o
f
e
m
o
ti
o
n
a
l
in
tell
ig
e
n
c
e
,
”
S
AG
E
Op
e
n
,
v
o
l.
8
,
n
o
.
3
,
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
7
7
/2
1
5
8
2
4
4
0
1
8
8
0
0
9
1
0
.
[6
]
A.
F
a
ra
z
m
a
n
d
,
“
G
lo
b
a
l
En
c
y
c
lo
p
e
d
ia
o
f
P
u
b
li
c
Ad
m
i
n
istratio
n
,
P
u
b
li
c
P
o
l
icy
,
a
n
d
G
o
v
e
rn
a
n
c
e
,”
A
G,
S
wit
ze
rla
n
d
:
S
p
rin
g
e
r In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
P
u
b
l
ish
i
n
g
,
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
0
7
/9
7
8
-
3
-
3
1
9
-
2
0
9
2
8
-
9
.
[7
]
R.
M
o
g
h
a
b
g
h
a
b
,
A.
T
o
n
g
,
A.
Ha
ll
a
ra
n
,
a
n
d
J.
An
d
e
rso
n
,
"
T
h
e
Diffe
re
n
c
e
b
e
twe
e
n
Co
m
p
e
ten
c
y
a
n
d
Co
m
p
e
te
n
c
e
:
A
Re
g
u
lato
r
y
P
e
rsp
e
c
ti
v
e
,
"
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
N
u
rs
in
g
Reg
u
l
a
ti
o
n
,
v
o
l.
9
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
5
4
-
5
9
,
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
S
2
1
5
5
-
8
2
5
6
(
1
8
)
3
0
1
1
8
-
2
.
[8
]
S
.
S
a
n
g
h
i,
“
De
v
e
lo
p
in
g
c
o
m
p
e
ten
c
y
m
o
d
e
ls,”
T
h
e
Ha
n
d
b
o
o
k
o
f
Co
mp
e
ten
c
y
M
a
p
p
i
n
g
:
Un
d
e
rs
ta
n
d
i
n
g
,
De
sig
n
in
g
a
n
d
Imp
lem
e
n
ti
n
g
Co
mp
e
ten
c
y
M
o
d
e
ls i
n
Or
g
a
n
iza
ti
o
n
s
,
p
p
.
2
0
-
4
1
,
2
0
0
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
4
1
3
5
/9
7
8
8
1
3
2
1
0
8
4
8
1
.
n
2
.
[9
]
C.
Cre
e
d
a
n
d
R
.
Be
a
le,
“
Emo
ti
o
n
a
l
in
tell
ig
e
n
c
e
:
G
iv
in
g
c
o
m
p
u
te
rs
e
ffe
c
ti
v
e
e
m
o
ti
o
n
a
l
sk
il
ls
t
o
a
id
i
n
tera
c
ti
o
n
,
”
S
tu
d
ies
in
C
o
mp
u
ta
ti
o
n
a
l
In
tell
ig
e
n
c
e
,
p
p
.
1
8
5
-
2
3
0
,
2
0
0
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
0
7
/
9
7
8
-
3
-
5
4
0
-
7
8
2
9
3
-
3
_
5
.
[1
0
]
J.
He
ss
a
n
d
A.
Ba
c
ig
a
lu
p
o
,
“
Ap
p
l
y
in
g
e
m
o
ti
o
n
a
l
i
n
telli
g
e
n
c
e
sk
il
ls
to
lea
d
e
rsh
i
p
a
n
d
d
e
c
isio
n
m
a
k
i
n
g
in
n
o
n
-
p
ro
fit
o
rg
a
n
iza
ti
o
n
s,”
A
d
min
istr
a
ti
v
e
S
c
ien
c
e
s,
v
o
l.
3
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
2
0
2
-
k
2
2
0
,
2
0
1
3
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/ad
m
sc
i
3
0
4
0
2
0
2
.
[1
1
]
J.
C.
G
.
S
a
lam
a
n
c
a
,
O.
L.
A
g
u
d
e
l
o
,
a
n
d
J.
S
a
li
n
a
s,
“
Ke
y
c
o
m
p
e
ten
c
e
s,
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
f
o
r
S
u
sta
in
a
b
le
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
stra
teg
ies
fo
r
th
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
2
1
st Cen
t
u
ry
s
k
il
ls.
A sy
ste
m
a
ti
c
li
tera
tu
re
re
v
iew
,
”
S
u
st
a
in
a
b
il
it
y
,
v
o
l.
1
2
,
n
o
.
2
4
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/s
u
1
2
2
4
1
0
3
6
6
.
[1
2
]
M
.
A.
Ra
h
im,
C.
P
se
n
ic
k
a
,
P
.
P
o
ly
c
h
r
o
n
io
u
,
a
n
d
J.
-
H.
Zh
a
o
,
“
A
m
o
d
e
l
o
f
Emo
ti
o
n
a
l
I
n
telli
g
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
Co
n
fli
c
t
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
S
trate
g
ies
:
A
stu
d
y
i
n
se
v
e
n
c
o
u
n
tr
ies
,
”
S
S
RN
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
,
v
o
l.
1
0
,
n
o
.
3
,
2
0
0
3
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
2
1
3
9
/ssrn
.
4
2
9
7
6
0
.
[1
3
]
A.
A.
Be
h
b
a
h
a
n
i,
“
A
c
o
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
stu
d
y
o
f
th
e
re
latio
n
b
e
twe
e
n
e
m
o
ti
o
n
a
l
in
tell
ig
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
e
m
p
lo
y
e
e
'
s
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
,
”
Pro
c
e
d
i
a
-
S
o
c
ia
l
a
n
d
Beh
a
v
io
r
a
l
S
c
ien
c
e
s
,
v
o
l.
3
0
,
p
p
.
3
8
6
-
3
8
9
,
2
0
1
1
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/j
.
s
b
sp
r
o
.
2
0
1
1
.
1
0
.
0
7
6
.
[1
4
]
K.
Ra
m
c
h
a
n
d
ra
n
,
D.
Tran
e
l,
K.
Du
ste
r,
a
n
d
N.
L
.
De
n
b
u
r
g
,
“
Th
e
ro
le
o
f
e
m
o
ti
o
n
a
l
v
s.
Co
g
n
it
iv
e
In
telli
g
e
n
c
e
i
n
e
c
o
n
o
m
ic
d
e
c
isio
n
-
m
a
k
in
g
a
m
o
n
g
st
o
l
d
e
r
a
d
u
lt
s
,
”
Fro
n
ti
e
rs
in
Ne
u
r
o
sc
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l.
1
4
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
3
3
8
9
/fn
in
s.
2
0
2
0
.
0
0
4
9
7
.
[1
5
]
V.
Dig
n
u
m
,
“
Et
h
ics
in
a
rti
ficia
l
i
n
telli
g
e
n
c
e
:
In
tr
o
d
u
c
ti
o
n
to
t
h
e
sp
e
c
ial
issu
e
,
”
Et
h
ics
a
n
d
I
n
fo
rm
a
t
i
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
v
o
l.
2
0
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
3
,
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
0
7
/s
1
0
6
7
6
-
0
1
8
-
9
4
5
0
-
z
.
[1
6
]
C.
M
a
c
Ca
n
n
,
“
F
u
rth
e
r
e
x
a
m
in
a
ti
o
n
o
f
Emo
ti
o
n
a
l
In
telli
g
e
n
c
e
a
s
a
sta
n
d
a
r
d
i
n
telli
g
e
n
c
e
:
A
late
n
t
v
a
riab
le
a
n
a
ly
si
s
o
f
fl
u
i
d
i
n
telli
g
e
n
c
e
,
c
r
y
sta
ll
ize
d
in
telli
g
e
n
c
e
,
a
n
d
e
m
o
ti
o
n
a
l
i
n
telli
g
e
n
c
e
,
”
Per
so
n
a
li
ty
a
n
d
In
d
ivid
u
a
l
Di
ff
e
re
n
c
e
s,
v
o
l.
4
9
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
4
9
0
-
4
9
6
,
2
0
1
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/j
.
p
a
id
.
2
0
1
0
.
0
5
.
0
1
0
.
[1
7
]
J.
D.
M
a
y
e
r,
R.
D.
Ro
b
e
rts,
a
n
d
S
.
G
.
Ba
rsa
d
e
,
"
Hu
m
a
n
Ab
il
it
ies
:
Emo
ti
o
n
a
l
In
telli
g
e
n
c
e
,
"
An
n
u
a
l
Rev
iew
o
f
Psy
c
h
o
lo
g
y
,
v
o
l.
5
9
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
5
0
7
-
5
3
6
,
2
0
0
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
4
6
/an
n
u
re
v
.
p
s
y
c
h
.
5
9
.
1
0
3
0
0
6
.
0
9
3
6
4
6
.
[1
8
]
W.
P
a
n
,
T.
Wa
n
g
,
X.
Wan
g
,
G
.
Hitch
m
a
n
,
L.
Wan
g
,
a
n
d
A.
Ch
e
n
,
“
Id
e
n
ti
fy
i
n
g
th
e
c
o
re
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
o
f
e
m
o
t
io
n
a
l
in
telli
g
e
n
c
e
:
Ev
i
d
e
n
c
e
fro
m
a
m
p
li
tu
d
e
o
f
l
o
w
-
fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
flu
c
t
u
a
ti
o
n
s
d
u
ri
n
g
re
stin
g
sta
te,”
PL
o
S
ONE
,
v
o
l.
9
,
n
o
.
1
0
,
2
0
1
4
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
3
7
1
/
jo
u
rn
a
l.
p
o
n
e
.
0
1
1
1
4
3
5
.
[1
9
]
A.
Law
to
n
,
“
Et
h
ics
in
p
u
b
li
c
p
o
li
c
y
a
n
d
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t:
a
g
lo
b
a
l
r
e
se
a
rc
h
c
o
m
p
a
n
io
n
,”
Lo
n
d
o
n
:
R
o
u
tl
e
d
g
e
,
2
0
1
6
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
4
3
2
4
/9
7
8
1
3
1
5
8
5
6
8
6
5
.
[2
0
]
L
.
J.
S
o
n
g
,
G
.
-
Hu
a
Hu
a
n
g
,
K.
Z
.
P
e
n
g
,
K.
S
.
Law
,
C.
-
S
.
Wo
n
g
,
a
n
d
Z
.
Ch
e
n
,
"
Th
e
d
iffere
n
ti
a
l
e
ff
e
c
ts
o
f
g
e
n
e
ra
l
m
e
n
tal
a
b
il
it
y
a
n
d
e
m
o
ti
o
n
a
l
in
te
ll
ig
e
n
c
e
o
n
a
c
a
d
e
m
ic
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
a
n
d
so
c
ial
in
tera
c
ti
o
n
s,"
In
tell
i
g
e
n
c
e
,
v
o
l.
3
8
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
3
7
-
1
4
3
,
2
0
1
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
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1
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J.
B.
Bu
tt
s
a
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d
K
.
L.
Rich
,
“
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u
rsin
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e
th
ics
:
a
c
ro
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rric
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ra
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ti
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Bu
rli
n
g
t
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n
,
M
A,
C
a
n
a
d
a
:
J
o
n
e
s &
a
mp
;
B
a
rtlett
L
e
a
rn
i
n
g
,
2
0
2
0
.
[2
2
]
J.
M
a
e
ss
c
h
a
lck
a
n
d
A.
D.
S
c
h
rij
v
e
r,
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se
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Im
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ro
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Train
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,
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th
ics
in
Pu
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3
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4
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7
8
1
3
1
5
8
5
6
8
6
5
-
12
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
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J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
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N:
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4
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A
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1717
[2
3
]
R.
P
o
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g
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D.
Bz
d
o
k
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M
.
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ig
e
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tu
m
p
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d
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tr
o
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e
l,
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h
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m
p
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e
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e
Ro
le
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a
th
y
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o
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4
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,
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6
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u
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ig
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F
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m
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lu
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d
R.
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m
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sa
m
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re
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m
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d
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trica
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.