Indonesi
an
Journa
l
of El
ect
ri
cal Engineer
ing
an
d
Comp
ut
er
Scie
nce
Vo
l.
23
,
No.
2
,
A
ugus
t
20
21
,
pp.
890
~
901
IS
S
N: 25
02
-
4752, DO
I: 10
.11
591/ijeecs
.v
23
.i
2
.
pp
890
-
901
890
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
ij
eecs.i
aesc
or
e.c
om
Improv
i
ng
bit
error
-
rate
b
ase
d
on
adapti
ve B
ose
-
Ch
audh
uri
Hocquen
ghem c
on
ca
t
enated with
conv
olutional c
odes
Ah
med
S
am
y, Ash
r
af
Y.
Hassan
, Hat
em
M.
Z
akaria
El
e
ct
ri
ca
l
Eng
in
ee
ring
Depa
r
tment,
B
enha Fac
ul
t
y
of
Eng
ineeri
ng
,
Benh
a
Univ
ersi
t
y
,
Eg
y
pt
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
Ma
r
5
,
2021
Re
vised
Ma
y
23
,
2021
Accepte
d
J
un
1
,
2021
Sever
al
a
lgori
th
m
s
have
bee
n
pr
oposed
to
avoi
d
the
err
or
floor
reg
ion,
suc
h
as
the
con
ca
t
en
at
ion
code
s
that
req
uir
es
high
computat
ion
al
d
emands
in
addi
ti
on
to
high
complexi
t
y
.
Thi
s
pape
r
proposes
a
te
chn
ique
base
d
on
using
ca
sca
d
ed
BCH
and
convol
u
ti
on
al
cod
es
tha
t
le
a
ds
to
bet
ter
err
o
r
cor
recti
o
n
per
form
anc
e
.
Mo
reo
ver
,
an
ad
ap
ti
ve
m
et
hod
base
d
on
sensing
th
e
cha
nne
l
'
s
noise
to
d
et
ermi
ne
the
num
ber
o
f
the
p
ari
t
y
bit
s t
hat
wil
l
be
added
to
th
e
used
BCH
tha
t
red
u
c
es
the
consum
ed
bandwidt
h
and
the
tr
ansm
it
te
d
par
ity
bi
ts
is
pre
sente
d
.
A
fu
rthe
r
enh
ancem
ent
is
fulfill
ed
b
y
using
par
alle
l
proc
essing
bra
nche
s,
resul
t
ing
in
r
educin
g
the
consum
ed
ti
m
e
and
spee
d
up
the
per
form
anc
e
.
T
he
resul
ts
show
that
th
e
propo
sed
code
pre
se
nts
a
b
et
t
er
per
form
anc
e
.
A
high
red
uction
i
n
the
num
ber
of
c
y
cles
tha
t
wil
l
be
used
in
the
enc
odin
g
an
d
dec
od
ing
compare
d
wi
th
the
c
la
ss
ic
a
l
m
et
hod
and
fin
al
l
y
a
fle
xible
par
ity
b
it
s
m
et
hod
base
d
on
the
signal
-
to
-
noise
rat
io
of
the
ch
anne
l
tha
t
r
educ
ed
the
par
ity
b
it
s
whic
h
le
ads
to
r
educe
the
consum
ed
bandwidt
h
.
The
MA
TL
AB
sim
ula
ti
on
and
t
he
fi
el
d
pro
g
ra
m
m
abl
e
gat
e
ar
ra
y
(
FPGA
)
implementa
t
ion
will
be
provid
ed
in
thi
s
paper
to
val
idate
th
e
proposed
conc
ep
t.
Ke
yw
or
ds:
Bose
-
C
haud
huri Hoc
qu
e
nghe
m
Con
cat
e
nation
Conv
olu
ti
onal
Decode
r
Enc
od
e
r
Vite
rb
i
This
is an
open
acc
ess arti
cl
e
un
der
the
CC
B
Y
-
SA
l
ic
ense
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
Ah
m
ed
Sam
y
Dep
a
rtm
ent o
f El
ect
rical
En
gi
neer
i
ng
Be
nh
a
Fac
ulty
o
f
Enginee
rin
g, Be
nha
U
niv
er
sit
y, Egypt
Em
a
il
:
eng
.ahm
ed.
sam
y46@
gm
ail.co
m
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
The
c
omm
un
ic
at
ion
s
fiel
d
is
witnessin
g
a
st
rug
gle
to
achie
ve
bette
r
pe
rfo
rm
ance.
The
ef
forts
to
get
a
high
thr
ough
pu
t,
l
ow
bit
-
er
r
or
-
rate
(BER
)
and
al
s
o
lo
w
c
on
s
um
ption
of
powe
r
are
the
m
ai
n
ta
rg
et
of
al
l
the
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
syst
e
m
s.
In
this
pap
e
r,
tw
o
te
chn
i
qu
e
s
will
be
discusse
d:
Bose
-
C
ha
udhuri
H
ocqu
enghem
(BCH)
a
nd
th
e
convo
l
ution
a
l
cod
es
[1
]
.
T
he
error
fl
oor
is
the
ph
en
ome
non
that
face
s
the
err
or
co
r
recti
ng
al
gorithm
s
su
ch
as
BC
H,
the
BER
decr
eases
as
the
sign
al
-
to
-
noise
rati
o
(
SN
R
)
beco
m
es
bette
r
[2
]
.
T
he
re
is
a
po
i
nt
after
w
hich
the
c
urve
does
no
t
f
al
l
as
qu
ic
kly
as
be
f
or
e
,
the
reg
i
on
wh
e
re
the
pe
r
fo
rm
ance
flat
t
ens
is
cal
le
d
the e
rror flo
or r
e
gion a
nd the
re
gion
be
fore the
hu
ge dr
op is cal
le
d t
he wat
erf
al
l
[3]
,
[4
]
.
This
pa
per
wil
l
us
e
the
BC
H
and
the
co
nvolu
ti
onal
cod
e
s
to
app
r
ove
the
idea
of
this
arti
cl
e.
The
BC
H
featu
res
are
the
possi
bili
ty
to
desi
gn
c
od
e
t
hat
can
c
orrect
m
ulti
ple
e
rror
s
a
nd
the
e
asy
decodin
g
proces
s
us
in
g
low
-
power
el
ect
ronic
so
urces.
T
he
m
ai
n
featur
es
of
us
i
ng
c
onvoluti
onal
cod
e
s
are
the
easy
i
m
ple
m
entat
io
n,
the
bette
r
pe
rfor
m
ance
in
the
cases
of
ha
ving
hi
gher
noisy
cha
nn
el
s
and
e
rro
r
pr
obabili
ty
rates, the
se c
odes h
a
ve
m
e
m
or
y and I
nfo
rm
ation
bits are
s
pread alo
ng th
e s
equ
e
nce.
Con
cat
e
nated
cod
e
s
co
ncate
nation
of
a
n
in
ner
c
onvoluti
onal
co
de
with
an
ou
te
r
bl
ock
co
de
is
ve
ry
com
m
on
an
d
e
ff
ect
ive
co
ding
struct
ur
e
f
or
so
lvi
ng
the
e
rror
flo
or
prob
le
m
.
The
co
nvol
ution
al
co
de
w
orks
bette
r
in
lo
w
SN
R
range,
but
it
s
BER
c
urve
ro
ll
-
off
sl
owly
an
d
ca
n
ha
ve
ir
re
du
ci
ble
erro
r
flo
or
in
fa
ding
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Impr
ov
ing
bit error
-
ra
te
base
d on ad
ap
ti
ve
Bose
-
Ch
audhuri
H
oc
que
nghe
m
c
on
c
aten
ate
d
… (
A
hm
e
d S
am
y
)
891
channel
[
5]
,
[
6].
The
BC
H
cod
e
has
fast
BER
ro
ll
-
off
a
nd
well
su
it
ed
to
correct
the
burst
outp
ut
error
s
c
omm
on
with
a
Vite
r
bi
dec
oder
.
A
n
i
nterle
aver
can
be
use
d
to
sprea
d
th
e
Vite
r
bi
outp
ut
er
ror
bursts
acro
s
s
m
ul
ti
ple BC
H cod
e
-
words f
or
bur
st e
rro
r
c
orrecti
on [7]
,
[
8].
The
desig
n
of
con
cat
e
nated
c
od
e
of
BC
H
a
nd
c
onvoluti
onal
ha
d
a
probl
e
m
of
de
gr
a
da
ti
on
of
th
e
thr
oughput
du
e
to
serial
concat
enati
on.
Ac
cordin
gly,
a
m
otivati
on
is
rai
sed
to
im
pr
ove
the
degra
dation
of
thr
oughput
of
serial
co
ncaten
at
ion
c
od
e
,
to
be
s
uited
for
r
eal
tim
e
app
li
cat
ion
.
This
is
done
via
desi
gn
i
ng
par
al
le
l p
r
oces
sing o
f
BC
H
c
od
e
w
it
h c
on
voluti
onal
c
od
e
[9
]
,
[
10
]
.
Anothe
r
c
halle
ng
e
t
hat
will
face
the
desig
ner
is
t
hat
ho
w
to
desig
n
a
transiti
onal
tr
ansm
issi
on
protoc
ol
betw
een
these
tw
o
cod
es
to
r
ea
d
an
d
w
rite
between
the
e
nc
od
e
rs
an
d
th
e
decoders
c
orrectl
y.
Fu
rt
her
m
or
e,
earli
er
w
ork
[
11
]
,
[12]
,
the
desig
ners
co
ncatenate
d
the
cod
e
s
with
ou
t
ta
kin
g
i
nto
account
channel'
s
SN
R
that
m
ade
the
syst
e
m
cou
ld
a
dd
m
or
e
par
it
y
bits
than
t
he
r
equ
i
red.
I
n
w
hi
ch
this
will
in
crease
the cons
um
ed
band
width.
The
pr
opos
e
d
s
chem
e
pr
ov
i
de
s
three
m
ai
n
go
al
s.
Fir
st
proposing
a
co
ncat
enated
m
et
ho
d
to
so
lve
t
he
error
flo
or
pr
oble
m
,
second,
pro
vid
in
g
par
a
ll
el
pr
oces
sin
g
of
BC
H
c
ode
with
c
onvolut
ion
al
for
im
pr
ov
i
ng
thr
oughput.
F
inall
y,
i
m
pr
oving
er
r
or
c
orrecti
on
ca
pa
bili
ty
.
The
design
of
paral
le
l
BC
H
cod
e
wit
h
conv
olu
ti
onal
is
based
on
the
tim
e
delay
of
a
sing
le
br
a
nc
h
of
BC
H
co
de.
Mo
re
ov
e
r,
in
this
s
tud
y
a
pr
ese
ntati
on
of
an
a
dap
ti
ve
m
et
hod
that
le
t
the
syst
em
sel
e
ct
the
su
it
able
BC
H
from
the
channel'
s
SN
R
po
i
nt
of v
ie
w.
This
pa
per
is
orga
nized
as
f
ollow
s
.
Sect
io
n
2
d
esc
ribes
B
CH
and
the
c
onvoluti
onal
co
ding
.
Sect
io
n
3
pr
es
ents
th
e
pro
pose
d
a
lgorit
hm
.
Sect
ion
3
disc
us
s
es
the
ex
per
i
m
ental
hardware
im
ple
m
entat
ion
.
Si
m
ulati
on
a
nd r
es
ults are
pre
sented
in
sect
i
on
5
. F
i
nally
, se
ct
ion
6
c
oncl
udes t
he pr
opose
d wor
k.
2.
BCH
AND
C
ONVOL
UTION
CODI
NG SYSTE
MS
2.1.
BCH c
od
es
The
BC
H
c
odes,
disc
ov
e
re
d
in
1960
[
13]
–
[
15]
,
is
a
cl
ass
of
cy
cl
ic
cod
e
s
that
has
well
-
kn
own
i
m
ple
m
entat
io
n
al
gorithm
s
and
po
werfu
l
e
rror
-
co
rr
ect
in
g
pro
per
ti
es
[
16]
.
BC
H
e
ncod
er
is
base
d
on
li
near
feedbac
k
sh
ift
reg
ist
er
(
LFSR
)
as
show
n
in
Figure
1
[
17]
.
A
three
ty
pes
of
BC
H
c
od
es
are
us
e
d
in
this
stud
y.
BC
H(
15,
5,3
),
BC
H(
15,
7,2
)
a
nd
BC
H
(15,1
1,1
).
Ba
se
d
on
t
he
S
NR
of
the
channel,
t
he
tr
ansm
itter
will
choos
e
on
e
of t
hese B
CHs to
u
s
e [
18
].
Figure
1
.
Th
e
e
ncode
r
LF
SR
de
sign [
19
]
The
BC
H
dec
od
i
ng
process
is
based
on
f
our
m
ai
n
op
erat
ion
s
as
sho
wn
in
Figu
re
2
.
The
first
is
d
et
erm
in
ing
th
e
syndr
om
e
[2
0
]
.
Sec
ond,
it
cal
culat
es
the
error
l
ocati
on
po
ly
nom
ia
l
[
2
1
]
.
T
hen
it
f
ind
s
t
he
roots
of er
ror
l
ocato
r po
ly
no
m
ia
l
.
The
fi
nal one is
t
he
e
r
r
or c
orrecti
on.
2.2.
The co
nvoluti
onal co
des
An
(n,
k,
m
)
conv
olu
ti
onal
cod
e
ca
n
be
i
m
ple
m
ented
w
it
h
a
k
-
in
pu
t,
n
-
outp
ut
li
near
sequ
e
ntial
ci
rcu
it
with
in
pu
t
m
e
m
or
y
m
[2
2
].
Ty
pical
ly
n
a
nd
k
are
s
m
al
l
integers
with
k<n.
How
ever.
A
co
nvol
ution
al
cod
e
is
ge
ne
ra
te
d
by
passi
ng
the
inform
at
i
on
se
quence
t
o
be
tra
ns
m
itt
ed
thr
ough
a
li
near
fi
nite
-
sta
te
sh
ift
reg
ist
er
[2
3
].
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c
En
g
&
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
, N
o.
2
,
A
ugust
20
21
:
890
-
901
892
Figure
2
.
Th
e
BC
H
dec
odin
g p
ro
ces
s [
24
]
2.3.
The Viter
bi
al
go
ri
th
m
It
is
based
on
the
m
axi
m
u
m
li
kelihood
crit
eria,
as
it
co
m
pu
te
s
the
re
cei
ved
se
quence
with
eve
ry
po
s
sible
c
od
e
s
equ
e
nce.
T
he
c
rite
rion
f
or
de
c
iding
bet
wee
n
two
path
s
is
to
sel
ect
the
on
e
hav
i
ng
the
sm
a
ll
est
m
et
ric.
This
m
et
hod
m
axi
m
izes
the
prob
a
bil
it
y
of
a
co
rrec
t
decisi
on
[
25]
.
The
Vite
r
bi
decode
r
co
ns
is
ts
of
four
m
ai
n
pro
cesses:
branc
h
m
et
ric
com
pu
ta
ti
on
,
sta
te
m
et
ric
update,
s
urviv
or
pat
h
r
ecordin
g
a
nd
ou
t
put
decisi
on
gen
e
r
at
ion
[26].
3.
RESEA
R
CH MET
HO
D
This
sect
ion
i
s
ded
ic
at
ed
t
o
pr
ese
nt
the
pro
posed
wor
k
to
fu
lfil
l
the
m
ot
ivate
d
obje
ct
ives.
The
pro
po
se
d
c
onc
at
enated
c
odes
us
e
pa
rall
el
branc
hes
of
BC
H,
w
hich
e
nha
nces
t
he
perform
ance
com
par
ed
to
the
sta
ndar
d
c
oncat
enate
d
co
de
s.
It
is
e
ff
ic
ie
nt
to
us
e
c
onvoluti
onal
co
de
con
cat
e
nated
with
par
al
le
l
branc
he
s
of
BC
H
c
ode
t
o
im
pr
ove
t
he
perform
ance
in
th
e
er
r
or
flo
or
re
gion,
Fig
ur
e
3
s
hows
t
he
serial
c
on
cat
enate
d
cod
e
b
a
sed
on har
d decisi
on
[
27
]
.
Figure
3. Sin
gl
e branc
h
BC
H con
cat
e
nated
with c
onvoluti
on
al
e
nc
od
e
r
Ther
e
a
re
th
re
e
diff
e
ren
t
B
CH
are
use
d
i
n
this
stud
y
t
o
re
du
ce
t
he
par
it
y
bits
an
d
re
du
ce
t
he
consum
ed
bandw
i
dth
.
As
show
n
in
Fig
ure
4,
the
cha
nn
e
l
no
ise
-
se
ns
in
g
un
it
is
add
e
d
in
the
transcei
ver.
I
n
wh
ic
h,
the t
ransce
iver wil
l est
i
m
at
e
the v
al
ue
o
f
the
SN
R
by tran
sm
itti
ng
an
d recei
vi
ng
s
pe
ci
fic
cod
e
bet
wee
n
the
source
an
d
destinat
ion
be
fore
the
enc
oding
pr
ocess.
B
ased
on
this
process,
the
S
N
R
will
be
est
i
m
at
ed.
This
noise
-
se
nsi
ng
unit
will
m
easur
e
the
po
wer
of
the
rece
ived
sig
nal
as
the
source
pow
er
is
known
f
or
bo
t
h
the
s
ource
a
nd
the
destinat
io
n,
t
he
noise
-
se
ns
in
g
unit
can
est
i
m
at
e
the
SN
R
of
t
he
c
ha
nn
el
.
T
his
est
im
at
ion
process
will
be
rep
eat
ed
in
a
pr
ed
et
erm
ined
us
er
de
fine
d
per
i
od
;
the
BC
H
sel
ect
or
will
choose
the
sui
ta
ble
BC
H
base
d
on
the
est
i
m
a
te
d
SN
R.
F
ur
t
herm
or
e,
the
us
er
will
deter
m
ine
t
he
values'
ran
ge
of
c
om
par
iso
n
to
detect
the s
uitable
BC
H.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Impr
ov
ing
bit error
-
ra
te
base
d on ad
ap
ti
ve
Bose
-
Ch
audhuri
H
oc
que
nghe
m
c
on
c
aten
ate
d
… (
A
hm
e
d S
am
y
)
893
Assum
e
these v
al
ues
are
A,
B and
C (th
e S
NR v
al
ue
in dB
).
I
f
the esti
m
at
ed
SN
R i
s le
ss than
A
the
n
the
BC
H
detect
or
will
choo
se
BC
H
(
15,
11,
1)
t
o
m
ake
the
e
ncodin
g
proces
s
that
will
add
4
par
it
y
bit
s.
Howe
ver,
I
f
t
he
est
i
m
at
ed
SN
R
is
m
or
e
th
an
A
a
nd
le
ss
than
C
the
n
th
e
BC
H
detect
or
will
ch
oose
BC
H
(15,7,
2)
t
o
m
a
ke
the enc
odin
g
proce
ss that will
ad
d
8 parit
y bit
s.
Finall
y,
If
the esti
m
at
e
d
SN
R i
s m
or
e than
C
then
t
he
BC
H
detect
or
will
choose
BC
H
(
15,
5,3)
t
o
m
ake
the
e
ncodin
g
process
t
hat
w
il
l
add
10
pa
rity
bits
.
This
S
NR
est
im
at
ing
proces
s
an
d
c
hoos
in
g
BC
H
de
pendin
g
on
t
he
S
NR
is
a
propo
sed
a
dap
ti
ve
m
et
hod,
wh
ic
h wil
l im
pr
ove t
he per
for
m
ance and
reduce the
b
it
e
rro
r
rate.
Ther
e
is
a
n
in
te
rleaver
b
et
w
een
the
ou
te
r
encode
r
an
d
the
in
ner
e
ncoder
to
c
orrect
burst
erro
r
s
(Errors
a
re
de
pende
d
on
eac
h
oth
e
r)
.
T
he
de
-
i
nterleave
r
will
be
fou
nd
betwee
n
the
oute
r
dec
od
e
r
a
nd
the
inn
e
r
dec
od
e
r.
As
sho
wn
in
Fi
gure
4,
the
BC
H
detect
or
will
determ
ine
the
us
e
d
BC
H
in
the
enc
od
i
ng
proces
s
at
the
tra
ns
m
i
t
te
r.
At
t
he
sa
m
e
tim
e
there
is
a
BC
H
detect
or
i
n
the
rec
ei
ver
t
hat
dete
rm
ine
the
sam
e
BC
H
decode
r
to
pe
r
form
the
decodin
g
proce
ss.
The
BC
H
detect
or
will
sen
d
to
the
interl
ea
ve
r
to
recei
ve
f
or
m
the
us
e
d
BC
H
a
nd
neg
le
c
t
a
ny
ra
ndom
bits
fr
om
the
oth
er
B
CHs.
T
he
BC
H
detect
or
at
the
recei
ver
will
send
t
o
the
de
-
interl
ea
ver
for
se
nd
i
ng
the
first
sta
ge
-
decode
d
bits
to
the
su
it
able
B
CH
dec
oder
a
fter
the
de
-
i
nterleav
e
r
process
.
Figure
4.
The
pro
po
se
d
m
et
ho
dolo
gy
The
pro
pose
d
set
up
will
have
m
ade
the
bit
s
trans
fer
m
anag
em
ent
is
critical
issue.
O
nc
e
the
BC
H
receive
t
he
i
nput
bits,
it
will
sta
rt
the
e
nc
oding
proces
s.
H
ow
e
ve
r,
duri
ng
this
enc
odin
g
process
,
the
r
e
are
oth
e
r
bits
a
re
be
ing
i
nputted
s
o
these
bits
m
us
t
be
sto
re
d
a
nd
afte
r
the
BC
H
fi
nish
t
he
re
qu
i
red
proces
s,
it
will
read
t
he
ne
xt
bits,
this
pr
oce
ss
nee
d
bi
g
m
e
m
or
y
an
d
has
high
tim
e
delay
.
Ther
e
f
or
e,
the
pro
posed
pa
rall
el
br
a
nc
hes
m
et
h
od
is
a
su
it
a
ble
so
luti
on
f
or
th
is
issue.
The
pro
posed
m
et
hod
base
d
on
us
ing
m
ult
iple
branch
e
s
for
each
BC
Hs
,
As,
s
om
e
of
the
BC
H
reads
,
wh
il
e
the
ot
he
rs
pe
rfor
m
the
encodin
g
pro
cess.
The
pro
pose
d
ste
ps
will
b
e
de
scribe
d
in
the
nex
t
pa
ragrap
hs.
As
sho
wn
i
n
Figure
5
,
the
BC
H
(15,1
1,1)
encoder
c
onc
at
enated
with
conv
olu
ti
onal
encode
r,
th
e
syst
e
m
w
ill us
e two
p
arall
el
b
ra
nc
hes
beca
use
the en
co
der
consum
es 1
1
cy
cl
es to r
ead th
e b
it
s an
d
4
cy
cl
es to
perform
the
enco
di
ng
process
.
So
,
at
the
sam
e
t
i
m
e
of
the
encodin
g
proc
ess
for
the
firs
t
BC
H,
there
will
be
ano
t
her
BC
H
t
hat
rea
ds
t
he
i
nput
data
.
Af
te
r
15
cy
cl
es,
th
e
first
BC
H
wi
ll
send
t
he
bits
to
the
co
nvol
ut
ion
al
encode
r
w
hic
h
will
co
ns
um
e
7
cy
cl
es
f
or
t
he
processin
g.
These
7
cy
cl
e
s
in
a
dd
it
io
n
t
o
the
4
cy
cl
es
of
the
processi
ng
of
t
he
fir
st
BC
H
will
be
11
cy
c
le
s
that
will
be
us
e
d
in
the
seco
nd
BC
H
to
rea
d
the
i
nput
bits
.
Ther
e
f
or
e,
onc
e
the
co
nvol
ution
al
e
nc
od
e
r
fi
nish
es
it
s w
or
k,
the
sec
ond
B
CH
will
sta
rt
the
pr
ocessin
g
and
t
he
first BC
H
start
s to read
the i
nput.
As
s
how
n
i
n
Figure
6,
the
BC
H
(
15,
7,2)
encode
r
c
on
ca
te
nated
with
c
onvoluti
onal
e
n
co
de
r,
t
he
syst
e
m
w
ill us
e thr
ee par
al
le
l br
anc
hes
beca
us
e the en
c
od
e
r
consum
es 7
c
yc
le
s to
read
the b
it
s an
d
8
cy
cl
es to
perform
the
enco
di
ng
process
.
So
,
at
the
sam
e
t
i
m
e
of
the
encodin
g
proc
ess
for
the
firs
t
BC
H,
there
will
be
ano
t
her
BC
H
that
reads
the
input
data.
So
,
a
fter
15
cy
cl
es,
the
fir
st
BC
H
will
sen
d
the
bits
to
the
conv
olu
ti
onal
encode
r
wh
ic
h
will
co
nsum
e
7
cy
cl
es
f
or
t
he
processi
ng.
The
se
7
cy
cl
e
s
in
a
ddit
ion
to
t
he
8
cy
cl
es
of
the
proces
sin
g
of
th
e
first
BC
H
wi
ll
be
15
cy
cl
es
that
will
be
use
d
in
the
seco
nd
BC
H
to
rea
d
the
input
bits
a
nd
perform
the
en
cod
i
ng.
As
no
t
ic
ed,
the
seco
nd
BC
H
sta
rt
th
e
enc
od
i
ng
pro
cess
be
fore
t
he
first
BC
H
finish
the
encodin
g
proc
ess
by
on
e
cy
c
le
so
the
third
BC
H
br
a
nc
h
w
il
l
sta
rt
read
in
g
the
inp
ut
bits
wh
il
e
the
fir
st
BC
H
and
the
sec
ond
BC
H
a
re
pe
rfor
m
ing
the
encodin
g
pr
oc
ess.
O
nce
the
third
BC
H
sta
rt
the
processi
ng, th
e
f
irst B
C
H wil
l st
art the
rea
din
g.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c
En
g
&
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
, N
o.
2
,
A
ugust
20
21
:
890
-
901
894
Figure
5. Paral
le
l B
CH (15,1
1,1
) br
a
nch
e
s c
oncat
enate
d wit
h
c
onvoluti
ona
l encode
r
Figure
6. Paral
le
l B
CH
(
15,7,
2) branc
hes
concat
enate
d wit
h
c
onvoluti
ona
l encode
r
As
sho
wn
in
Figure
7
.
T
he
BC
H
(15,5,
3)
encoder
c
on
c
at
enated
with
conv
olu
ti
onal
encode
r,
th
e
syst
e
m
wil
l
us
e
three
par
al
le
l
br
anc
hes
beca
us
e
the
enc
od
e
r
consum
es
5
cy
cl
es
to
read
the
bits
and
10
cy
cl
es
to
pe
rfor
m
the
encodin
g
proc
ess.
S
o,
at
the
sam
e
tim
e
of
the
enc
odin
g
pr
ocess
for
the
first
BC
H,
the
s
econd
BC
H
is
read
i
ng
the
in
put
dat
a.
The
refor
e
,
a
fter
10
cy
cl
es,
the
first
BC
H
is
per
f
orm
ing
the
processi
ng,
the
seco
nd
BC
H
st
art the p
r
ocessi
ng, and
the thir
d
BC
H
sta
rts re
adin
g
the in
put bit
s.
A
fter 15
cy
cl
es, the
fi
rst b
c
h
will
send the
b
i
ts t
o
the
con
vo
l
ution
al
e
nc
ode
r,
wh
ic
h wil
l con
s
um
e 7
cyc
le
s for t
he pr
oc
essing.
As
no
ti
ced
,
th
e
seco
nd
BC
H
sta
rt
the
e
ncodin
g
process
be
fore
the
first
BC
H
finis
h
es
t
he
e
ncodi
ng
process
by
5
c
yc
le
s
so
t
he
t
hird
BC
H
sta
rts
the
rea
ding
of
the
in
put
bits.
A
fter
5
cy
cl
es
the
thir
d
BC
H
sta
rts
the
encodin
g
proces
s
befor
e
t
he
seco
nd
BC
H
finis
hes
the
process
by
5
c
yc
le
s
bu
t
at
th
e
sa
m
e
tim
e,
t
he
first
BC
H
will
finis
h
the
p
r
ocessi
ng
s
o
it
sta
rts
the
rea
ding
of
the
input
bits
so
the
first
BC
H
branc
h
will
sta
rt
read
i
ng
t
he
in
pu
t
bits
wh
il
e
the
seco
nd
BC
H
an
d
the
t
hir
d
BC
H
are
pe
r
form
ing
the
en
cod
i
ng
proces
s
.
The
ov
e
rall
code
ra
te
of
the
pr
opose
d
al
gorithm
will
be
(45,5,
3)
or
(
45,7,2)
or
(
45,11,1)
.
As
seen,
the
pro
pose
d
al
gorithm
will
us
e
high
cha
nnel
ba
ndwidt
h
and
c
ons
um
e
m
or
e
har
dwa
re
resou
rces
to
a
chieve
t
he
re
quire
d
resu
lt
s a
nd this
is a lo
gic r
e
su
l
ts as a
paym
ent
co
rr
es
ponde
d t
o
the im
pr
ove
d resu
lt
s.
Figure
7. Paral
le
l
BC
H
(
15,5,
3) branc
hes
concat
enate
d wit
h
c
onvoluti
ona
l encode
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Impr
ov
ing
bit error
-
ra
te
base
d on ad
ap
ti
ve
Bose
-
Ch
audhuri
H
oc
que
nghe
m
c
on
c
aten
ate
d
… (
A
hm
e
d S
am
y
)
895
It
is
cl
ear
that
the
propose
d
pa
rall
el
br
anc
h
schem
es
save
11
cy
cl
es
in
each
ge
ner
at
e
d
cod
e
w
ord
f
or
the
BC
H
(
15,11,1)
,
sa
ve
7
cy
cl
es
in
eac
h
ge
ner
at
e
d
c
od
e
w
ord
for
t
he
BC
H
(
15,
7,2)
an
d
save
5
cy
cl
es
i
n
eac
h
gen
e
rated
c
od
ewor
d
f
or
t
he
BC
H
(
15,5,3)
than
th
e
sta
nd
ard
si
ng
le
br
a
nch
schem
e,
wh
ic
h
achie
ve
s
higher
thr
oughput
tha
n
the
t
rad
it
io
na
l
on
e
.
T
he
sam
e
te
chn
i
qu
e
wi
ll
be
us
e
d
i
n
th
e
dec
od
i
ng
pro
cess
but
the
Vi
te
rb
i
decode
r
will
pe
rfor
m
the
first
dec
od
i
ng
sta
ge
an
d
the
n
t
he
BC
H
dec
oder
will
be
perfor
m
the
seco
nd
de
cod
i
ng
sta
ge.
T
he
i
nput
b
it
s for
t
he
Vite
rb
i
decoder
a
re
45
bits
beca
us
e
we use c
onvo
l
ution
al
e
nc
od
e
r wit
h rate
1/3
s
o
each
bit
f
or
m
t
he
outp
ut
BC
H
encode
r
will
le
ads
to
3
bits
f
ro
m
the
conv
olu
ti
on
al
e
ncode
r.
T
he
in
pu
t
bits
f
or
the
Vite
r
bi
dec
od
e
r
will
be
re
cei
ved
i
n
pa
ral
le
l
fo
rm
as
each
pac
ka
ge
c
onsist
s
of
9
bits
so
the
Vite
rb
i
de
cod
e
r
will
con
s
um
e
5
cy
cl
es
fo
r
re
adin
g
in
ad
diti
on
to
7
cy
cl
es
for
the
proce
ss
ing
s
o
the
total
nu
m
ber
of
cy
c
le
s
are
12
cy
cl
es
.
Th
e
three
ty
pes
of
BHC
decoder
will
con
su
m
e
17,
18
and
19
cy
cl
es
(1
5
cy
cl
es
fo
r
rea
di
ng
bits,
2
cy
cl
es
fo
r
(15,11,1
)
decodin
g,
3
cy
cl
es
f
or
(
15,7,2)
dec
od
i
ng
a
nd
4
c
yc
le
s
fo
r
(15,5,
3)
dec
od
i
ng)
so
the
syst
e
m
wil
l
us
e
two
BC
H
de
cod
e
rs
f
ro
m
each
oth
e
r
so
as
there
is
one
BC
H
is
per
f
or
m
ing
the
de
cod
i
ng
process
,
the
re
is
al
so
a
no
t
her
BC
H
is
rea
di
ng
f
ro
m
the
Vite
rb
i
dec
od
e
r.
Fi
gure
8
s
hows
a
Pa
rall
el
BC
H
decode
r br
a
nches co
ncatenate
d wit
h
Vite
rb
i
decode
r.
Figure
8. Paral
le
l B
CH d
ec
oder
br
a
nch
e
s c
oncat
enate
d wit
h
Vite
rb
i
dec
oder
4.
HARD
WA
RE
IM
PLE
MEN
TATION
The
FP
GA
im
plem
entat
ion
of
the
propose
d
m
et
ho
d
is
pr
es
ented
in
this
sect
ion
.
I
n
the
present
wor
k,
the
Xili
nx
S
pa
rtan
-
3A/3
AN
FPGA
Starte
r
Kit
700K
-
gate
XC3
S
700A
is
sh
ow
n
in
Fig
ure
9.
This
kit
co
ntains
4
-
M
bit
flash
P
ROM
,
512
M
bi
t
DD
R
2
S
DR
AM
,
50
MHz
cl
ock
os
ci
ll
at
or
,
6
-
data
c
ha
nnel
s
,
SP
I
base
d
dig
it
al
to
anal
og
c
on
ver
te
r
an
d
S
PI
base
d
anal
og
to
di
gital
conver
te
r
,
8
LE
D
s,
an
d
4
sli
de
switc
hes
a
nd
4
pus
h
bu
tt
ons
.
Figure
9
.
Xili
nx S
pa
rtan
-
3A/3
AN FP
G
A
Star
te
r
Kit
700K
-
ga
te
X
C3
S70
0A
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c
En
g
&
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
, N
o.
2
,
A
ugust
20
21
:
890
-
901
896
The
m
et
ho
d
is
i
m
ple
m
ented
by
us
in
g
V
HSIC
Hard
war
e
Descr
i
ption
La
ngua
ge
(
VHD
L
)
co
de
a
nd
the
Xili
nx
pac
kag
e
IS
E
14.
7,
the
sim
ulatio
n
was
perform
ed
us
in
g
I
Sim
pr
ogram
.
As
sho
wn
i
n
Fig
ure
10,
th
e
pro
po
se
d
e
nc
odin
g
syst
em
c
on
sist
s
of
S
N
R
sensing
unit
,
two
pa
rall
el
br
a
nc
hes
of
B
CH(
15,11,1
)
e
ncode
r,
three
par
al
le
l
branc
hes
of
BC
H
(
15,
7,2),
th
r
ee
par
al
le
l
bra
nch
e
s
of
BC
H
(15,5,
3)
enc
od
er,
the
interl
ea
ver
a
nd
the
Co
nvol
utio
nal
enc
oder
.
T
her
e
is
a
fr
e
qu
ency
do
wn
co
nv
e
rsion
t
hat
pe
rfor
m
the
syn
chro
nizat
ion
be
tween
the BC
Hs
and t
he
c
onvoluti
on
al
en
co
de
r.
Eac
h
sc
hem
at
ic
sy
m
bo
l rep
re
sent
s VHDL c
od
e.
Figure
10. T
he
prop
os
ed
en
c
oder
im
ple
m
entat
ion
As
discu
ssed
be
fore,
the
SNR
_Ch
a
nn
el
bl
oc
k
will
est
i
m
ate
the
SN
R
of
t
he
c
ha
nn
el
,
ba
sed
on
this
value
the
BC
H_Detec
to
r
bl
ock
will
determ
ine
the
us
ed
BC
H,
BC
H_15_
11_1
blo
c
k,
BC
H
_15_7_2
or
BC
H_15_
5_3
an
d
al
s
o
it
wi
ll
send
to
t
he
interl
eave
r
to
receive
from
t
he
s
uitable
BC
H
an
d
neg
le
ct
any
rand
om
values
.
T
he
inte
rleav
er
will
receive
15
bits
f
ro
m
the
BC
H
an
d
then
se
nd
these
bits
to
co
nvol
ution
al
encode
r
that
pe
rfor
m
the sensi
ng en
c
odin
g
st
age.
As
s
how
n
in
F
igure
11,
t
he
pro
posed
dec
oding
syst
em
con
sist
s
of
S
NR
sensing
un
it
,
t
wo
pa
rall
el
br
a
nc
hes
of
B
CH(
15,11,1
)
de
cod
e
r,
tw
o
pa
rall
el
br
a
nches
of
BC
H
(15,7,
2)
dec
oder,
tw
o
par
al
le
l
bran
ches
of
BC
H
(15,5,
3)
decode
r,
the
de
-
interl
ea
ver
a
nd
the
Vite
r
bi
de
cod
e
r.
T
her
e
i
s
a
fr
eq
ue
ncy
dow
n
co
nversi
on
t
hat
perform
the
s
ynch
ronizat
ion
bet
ween
the
BC
Hs
a
nd
t
he
Vite
rb
i
en
cod
e
r.
A
s
dis
cusse
d
befo
re,
the
SN
R_C
ha
nn
el
blo
c
k
will
est
i
m
at
e
the
SN
R
of
t
he
c
hannel,
base
d
on
this
value
t
he
BC
H
_D
et
ect
or
blo
c
k
will
determ
ine
the
us
e
d
BC
H,
BC
H_15_
11_1
blo
c
k,
BC
H_1
5_7_2
or
BC
H
_15_5_
3
a
nd
a
lso
it
will
sen
d
to
the
de
-
i
nterleave
r
t
o
se
nd
to
t
he
s
uitable
BC
H.
The
de
-
i
nterlea
ver
will
receiv
e
from
the
Vite
rb
i
dec
od
e
r
a
nd
the
n
sen
d
these
bits
to
BC
H
decod
er
that
pe
r
form
the
sen
sin
g
de
cod
i
ng
sta
ge.
As
s
how
n
in
F
igure
11,
t
he
V
it
erb
i
decode
r
will
pe
rfor
m
the
firs
t
sta
ge
of
decodin
g
as
it
is
the
inn
er
sta
ge
but
the
BC
H
wi
ll
per
f
or
m
the
seco
nd
sta
ge of dec
od
i
ng as it i
s the
outer c
odin
g
sys
tem
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Impr
ov
ing
bit error
-
ra
te
base
d on ad
ap
ti
ve
Bose
-
Ch
audhuri
H
oc
que
nghe
m
c
on
c
aten
ate
d
… (
A
hm
e
d S
am
y
)
897
Figure
11.
T
he
pro
posed
d
ec
oder
im
ple
m
entat
ion
5.
RESU
LT
S
AND DI
SCUS
S
ION
BER
is
a
m
ai
n
pa
ram
et
er
that
can
be
us
e
d
t
o
e
valuate
t
he
perform
ance.
The
BER
of
t
he
pro
posed
m
et
ho
d
has
be
en
sim
ulate
d
by
us
ing
a
t
he
Ma
tl
ab
pack
a
ge
.
The
c
om
par
ison
betwee
n
the
existi
ng
ch
anne
l
cod
e
a
nd
the prop
os
ed
c
od
e
a
re
show
n
in
Fi
gure
s
12
an
d
13.
It
can b
e
obs
erv
e
d
that
the
pro
po
se
d
co
de
sh
ows
a
bette
r
perfor
m
ance
com
par
ed
by
the
BC
H
cod
e.
At
SN
R
=10
dB,
the
B
ER
ste
adily
decr
eases
in
the
f
or
m
of
a
curve
as
t
he
SN
R
c
onditi
on
beco
m
es
bette
r
an
d
the
c
urve
do
e
s
not
fall
a
s
quic
kly
as
be
fore,
in
othe
r
words,
there
is
a
reg
i
on
i
n
w
hich
pe
rfor
m
ance
flat
te
ns
.
This
re
gi
on
is
cal
le
d
th
e
error
fl
oor
re
gion.
T
his
issu
e
was
so
lve
d by
us
in
g
the
pr
opos
e
d sy
stem
.
By
com
par
ing
F
igure
s
12
a
nd
13,
It
can
be
obse
rved
that
the
pro
po
sed
c
od
e
s
ho
ws
a
bette
r
perform
ance
com
par
ed
to
th
ose
of
BC
H
an
d
the
BER
decre
ases
in
the
form
of
a
cur
ve
as
the
SN
R
co
nd
it
io
n
beco
m
es b
et
te
r
ti
ll
it
r
eaches t
he
m
ini
m
u
m
v
al
ue
at
S
NR=6
d
B.
Figure
12. SN
R Vs
BER
of t
he
BC
H
Figure
13. SN
R Vs
BER
of t
he pr
opos
e
d
con
cat
e
nated
s
yst
e
m
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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S
N
:
2502
-
4752
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c
En
g
&
Co
m
p
Sci,
Vo
l.
23
, N
o.
2
,
A
ugust
20
21
:
890
-
901
898
Figure
s
14
to
16
sho
w
the
ISim
si
m
ulatio
n
of
t
he
e
nc
od
i
ng
sta
ge
.
Ba
se
d
on
the
SN
R
of
the
c
hannel
that
will
be
es
tim
a
te
d
by
us
ing
the
propos
ed
ada
ptive
te
chn
i
qu
e
.
The
BC
H
detect
or
will
cho
ose
the
BC
H
(15,1
1,1)
e
nc
oder
, th
e BC
H
(
15,7,2) e
ncode
r
or t
he
BC
H (
15,5,3) e
nc
ode
r
to
pe
rfor
m
the f
irst e
ncodin
g
sta
ge
.
The
CLK
si
gnal
is
us
ed
to
pro
vid
e
the
sy
nc
hro
nizat
ion
proces
s
an
d
the
R
-
S
-
T
sig
nal
is
us
ed
to
r
et
urn
the
syst
e
m
par
am
e
te
rs
to
it
s
i
niti
al
values
.
Fi
gur
es
17
t
o
19
sho
w
the
I
Sim
si
mu
la
ti
on
of
the
de
cod
i
ng
sta
ge
in
t
he
case o
f
BC
H
(15,1
1,1
),
BC
H (15,
7,2) an
d
B
CH (1
5,5,3)
.
Figure
14. ISi
m
si
m
u
la
ti
on
of the
BC
H (15,
11,1) e
nc
od
i
ng
Figure
15. ISi
m
si
m
u
la
ti
on
of the
BC
H (15,
7,2) enc
odin
g
Figure
16. ISi
m
si
m
u
la
ti
on
of the
BC
H (15,
5,3) enc
odin
g
Figure
17.
IS
i
m
si
m
u
la
ti
on
of the
BC
H (15,
11,1)
dec
od
i
ng
Figure
18. ISi
m
si
m
u
la
ti
on
of the
BC
H (15,
7,2) dec
odin
g
Figure
19. ISi
m
si
m
u
la
ti
on
of the
BC
H (15,
5,3) dec
odin
g
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
Ind
on
esi
a
n
J
E
le
c Eng &
Co
m
p
Sci
IS
S
N:
25
02
-
4752
Impr
ov
ing
bit error
-
ra
te
base
d on ad
ap
ti
ve
Bose
-
Ch
audhuri
H
oc
que
nghe
m
c
on
c
aten
ate
d
… (
A
hm
e
d S
am
y
)
899
Figure
20
s
hows
the
I
Sim
s
i
m
ula
ti
on
of
th
e
encodin
g
f
or
the
overall
pro
po
s
ed
syst
em
,
th
e
si
m
ulate
d
case
wh
e
n
the
us
e
d
BC
H
enc
od
e
r
is
BC
H(1
5,
,
5,3
),
the
enc
od
e
d
bits
are
45
as
the
us
e
d
c
onvoluti
onal
encode
r
is
1/3
t
hat
ge
ne
rate
three
bits
for
eac
h
on
e
input
bits
so
t
he
input
bits
for
the
BC
H
is
5
bits
that
will
le
ads
t
o
15 b
it
s at t
he
B
CH out
p
ut
w
hich wil
l be t
he
i
nput
of the c
on
vo
l
ution
al
enc
od
e
r
t
hat lea
ds
to 45
e
nc
od
e
d bit
s.
Figure
20. ISi
m
si
m
u
la
ti
on
of the
prop
os
e
d enco
ding
Figure
21
sho
ws
the
IS
im
si
m
ula
ti
on
of
th
e
decodin
g
for
the
pr
evi
ous
case.
The
recei
ved
m
essage
consi
sts
of
45
bits,
the
re
a
re
t
hr
ee
bits
e
rror
that
we
re
dete
ct
ed
a
nd
co
rr
e
ct
ed.
T
he
i
nfo
r
m
at
ion
bits
a
fter
the
par
it
y bit
s
were
rem
ov
ed
are
5 bit
s.
Figure
21. ISi
m
si
m
u
la
ti
on
of the
prop
os
e
d deco
ding
As
sho
wn
i
n
Table
1,
f
or
t
he
serial
co
nc
at
enati
on,
al
l
BC
Hs
will
co
ns
um
e
the
sam
e
nu
m
ber
s
of
cy
cl
es as the e
ncode
r
co
nsum
e 15 cycl
es for
read
i
ng
bits a
nd e
ncodin
g. I
n t
he
case
of
t
he c
on
cat
e
natio
n,
these
nu
m
ber
s
of
cy
cl
es
were
re
du
ced
as
in
the
c
ase
of
BC
H
(
15,11,1)
,
the
pr
opose
d
m
et
ho
d
will
saves
11
c
yc
le
s
in
the
enc
od
i
ng
f
or
the
one
co
dewo
rd
a
nd
sa
ves
15
cy
cl
es
in
the
dec
odin
g
f
or
t
he
one
cod
e
w
ord
that
will
increase
t
he
syst
e
m
thro
ug
hput
.
T
he
pro
pos
ed
m
et
ho
d
al
s
o
will
saves
7
cy
cl
es
in
the
encodin
g
a
nd
sa
v
es
15
cy
cl
es
in
the
de
cod
i
ng
f
or
th
e
one
c
od
e
w
ord
in
the
ca
se
of
BC
H
(15,7,
2)
an
d
fi
nally
,
it
saves
5
cy
cl
es
in
th
e
encodin
g
an
d
s
aves
15
cy
cl
es
in
the
dec
odin
g
for
the
on
e
c
od
e
w
ord
i
n
the
case
of
BC
H(15,5,3
).
As
s
hown
i
n
Table
2,
t
he
s
erial
desi
gn
c
on
s
um
ed
13%
of
the
use
d
kit
res
ources,
wh
il
e
the
par
a
ll
el
br
anc
hes
desig
n
consum
ed
47%
. T
he per
form
a
nce im
pr
oved
at
the expe
ns
e
of the
hard
ware res
ources.
Table
1
.
T
he
c
yc
le
s co
nsum
ption
of the se
ri
al
an
d pa
rall
el
co
ncate
natio
n
Serial
co
n
catenatio
n
ti
m
e
(Cy
c
le)
Parallel
co
n
catenat
io
n
ti
m
e
(C
y
cle
)
Enco
d
er
Decod
er
Enco
d
er
Decod
er
BC
H(15
,11
,1)
22
27
11
12
BC
H(15
,7,2
)
22
27
15
12
BC
H(15
,5,3
)
22
27
17
12
Table
2
.
T
he
device
u
ti
li
zat
ion
s
umm
ary
Log
ic
u
tilizatio
n
Serial
co
n
catenatio
n
Parallel
con
catenat
io
n
Slice Flip Flo
p
s
952
5869
Occup
ied
Slices
1586
5120
Total Nu
m
b
e
r
o
f
4 in
p
u
t L
UTs
1235
4210
6.
CONCL
US
I
O
N
The
pro
posed
schem
e
pr
ovid
es
three
m
ai
n
go
al
s
.
It
pro
po
ses
a
c
on
cat
e
na
te
d
m
et
ho
d
t
o
s
olv
e
t
he
error
flo
or
pro
blem
,
the
pap
e
r
su
ccee
d
to
i
m
pr
ov
e
the
pe
rfor
m
ance
of
t
he
syst
em
a
t
the
error
flo
or
re
gion.
It
al
so
prov
i
des
par
al
le
l
pr
oces
sing
of
BC
H
c
od
e
with
c
onvoluti
onal
to
im
pro
ve
th
rou
ghpu
t
besi
des
im
pro
vi
ng
error
c
orrecti
on
capa
bili
ty
.
The
de
sig
n
of
pa
rall
el
BC
H
co
de
with
c
onvol
ution
al
is
base
d
on
the
ti
m
e
delay
of
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