I
n
d
on
e
s
i
an
Jo
u
r
n
al
o
f
El
e
c
t
r
i
c
al
En
gi
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
an
d
C
o
m
p
u
te
r
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
V
o
l
.
20
,
N
o
.
3
,
D
e
c
e
m
b
e
r
20
20
,
pp
.
1584
~
1590
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
,
D
O
I
:
10.
1
1591
/
i
j
e
e
c
s
.
v
20
.i
3
.
pp
158
4
-
1590
1584
Jou
r
n
al
h
o
m
e
pa
ge
:
ht
t
p:
/
/
i
j
e
e
c
s
.
i
a
e
s
c
or
e
.
c
om
B
e
st
n
e
u
r
a
l
s
i
m
u
l
t
a
n
e
o
u
s
a
p
p
r
o
x
i
m
a
t
i
o
n
H
aw
r
a
a
A
b
b
as
A
l
m
u
r
i
e
b
,
Em
an
S
.
B
h
a
ya
D
e
pa
r
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
M
a
t
he
m
a
t
i
c
s
,
C
o
l
l
e
g
e
o
f
E
duc
a
t
i
o
n
f
o
r
P
ur
e
S
c
i
e
nc
e
s
,
U
ni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
o
f
B
a
b
y
l
o
n
,
I
r
a
q
A
r
ti
c
l
e
I
n
fo
A
B
S
TR
A
C
T
Ar
t
i
c
l
e
h
i
s
t
or
y
:
R
e
c
e
i
v
e
d
J
a
n
14
,
2
0
20
R
e
v
i
s
e
d
A
pr
28
,
2020
A
c
c
e
pt
e
d
J
un
2
,
2020
F
o
r
m
a
ny
y
e
a
r
s
,
a
ppr
o
x
i
m
a
t
i
o
n
c
o
nc
e
pt
s
h
a
s
be
e
n
i
nv
e
s
t
i
g
a
t
e
d
i
n
v
i
e
w
o
f
ne
ur
a
l
ne
t
w
o
r
ks
f
o
r
t
he
s
e
v
e
r
a
l
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
o
ns
o
f
t
he
t
w
o
t
o
pi
c
s
.
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
he
r
s
s
t
ud
i
e
d
s
i
m
u
l
t
a
n
e
o
us
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
t
he
2
-
no
r
m
e
d
s
p
a
c
e
a
n
d
pr
o
v
e
d
e
s
s
e
nt
i
a
l
t
he
o
r
e
m
s
c
o
nc
e
r
n
w
i
t
h
e
xi
s
t
e
nc
e
,
un
i
que
ne
s
s
a
nd
de
g
r
e
e
o
f
be
s
t
a
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n.
H
e
r
e
,
w
e
de
f
i
ne
a
n
e
w
2
-
no
r
m
i
n
-
s
pa
c
e
,
w
i
t
h
<
1
,
s
o
w
e
c
a
l
l
i
t
qua
s
i
2
-
no
r
m
e
d
s
p
a
c
e
(
,
2
)
.
T
he
s
e
t
o
f
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
ns
i
s
a
s
pa
c
e
o
f
f
e
e
df
o
r
w
a
r
d
ne
u
r
a
l
n
e
t
w
o
r
ks
t
ha
t
i
s
c
o
ns
t
r
uc
t
e
d
i
n
t
hi
s
pa
p
e
r
.
E
xi
s
t
e
nc
e
a
nd
un
i
qu
e
ne
s
s
o
f
be
s
t
ne
u
r
a
l
a
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
f
o
r
a
f
unc
t
i
o
n
f
r
o
m
,
2
i
s
p
r
o
v
e
d,
d
e
s
c
r
i
bi
ng
t
h
e
r
a
t
e
o
f
be
s
t
a
p
pr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
t
e
r
m
s
o
f
m
o
dul
us
o
f
s
m
oo
t
hne
s
s
.
Ke
y
w
or
d
s
:
2
-
n
o
r
m
e
d
s
pa
c
e
A
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
N
e
ur
a
l
n
e
t
w
o
r
ks
C
opy
r
i
gh
t
©
20
20
I
n
s
t
i
t
ut
e
o
f
A
dv
anc
e
d
E
ng
i
ne
e
r
i
ng
and
S
c
i
e
nc
e
.
A
l
l
r
i
gh
t
s
r
e
s
e
r
v
e
d
.
Cor
r
e
s
pon
di
n
g
Au
t
h
or
:
H
a
w
r
a
a
A
b
b
a
s
A
l
m
u
ri
e
b
,
D
e
pa
rt
m
e
n
t
o
f
M
a
t
h
e
m
a
t
i
c
s
,
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
of
B
a
by
l
o
n
,
I
r
a
q
.
E
m
a
i
l
:
pu
r
e
.
ha
w
r
a
a
.
a
b
b
a
s
@
uo
b
a
by
l
o
n
.
e
du.
i
q
1.
I
N
TR
O
D
U
C
TI
O
N
T
h
e
f
i
r
s
t
n
o
t
e
s
a
b
o
ut
s
i
m
ul
t
a
n
e
o
us
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
w
a
s
do
n
e
by
D
un
ha
m
i
n
[1]
.
H
e
ge
n
e
r
a
t
e
d
t
h
e
c
l
a
s
s
i
c
a
l
C
h
e
by
s
h
e
v
a
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
by
a
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
n
g
t
w
o
c
o
n
t
i
n
uo
us
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
s
+
a
n
d
−
,
w
i
t
h
+
(
)
≤
−
(
)
,
f
o
r
a
l
l
∈
[
,
]
,
s
i
m
ul
t
a
n
e
o
us
l
y
.
H
e
a
l
s
o
pr
o
v
e
d
t
ha
t
h
i
s
s
i
m
u
l
t
a
n
e
o
us
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
i
s
e
qui
v
a
l
e
n
t
t
o
t
h
e
c
l
a
s
s
i
c
a
l
o
n
e
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
C
h
e
by
s
h
e
v
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
w
h
e
n
+
=
−
.
F
o
r
m
o
r
e
s
pe
c
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n,
D
i
a
z
a
n
d
M
c
l
a
ug
hl
i
n
[2]
p
r
o
v
e
d
t
ha
t
t
h
e
a
b
o
ve
pr
o
b
l
e
m
i
s
e
qui
v
a
l
e
n
t
t
o
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
l
e
m
o
f
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
ng
1
2
|
+
+
−
|
.
A
l
s
o
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
ng
t
w
o
a
ppr
o
p
r
i
a
t
e
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
s
s
i
m
ul
t
a
n
e
o
us
l
y
i
s
e
qui
v
a
l
e
n
t
t
o
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
n
g
o
n
e
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
by
e
l
e
m
e
n
t
s
o
f
a
c
e
r
t
a
i
n
s
e
t
.
M
o
r
e
o
v
e
r
,
t
h
e
y
de
f
i
n
e
d
t
h
e
b
e
s
t
s
i
m
ul
t
a
n
e
o
us
a
p
p
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
t
o
t
h
e
s
e
t
i
n
[
3]
a
s
f
o
l
l
ow
i
n
f
∈
su
p
∈
ℱ
‖
−
s
‖
=
su
p
∈
ℱ
‖
−
‖
,
w
h
e
r
e
ℱ
i
s
a
s
e
t
o
f
uni
f
o
r
m
l
y
bo
un
de
d
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
[
,
]
a
n
d
i
s
a
s
e
t
o
f
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
[
,
]
.
T
h
e
y
pr
o
v
e
d
t
h
a
t
i
s
e
qu
i
v
a
l
e
n
t
t
o
t
h
e
b
e
s
t
s
i
m
ul
t
a
n
e
o
us
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
w
o
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
s
.
T
h
e
s
e
t
ℱ
v
a
ri
e
s
a
m
o
ng
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
e
r
s
,
i
t
i
s
[
,
]
i
n
[4
]
a
n
d
[5]
,
t
h
e
s
p
a
c
e
o
f
un
i
f
o
r
m
l
y
bo
unde
d
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
s
i
n
[6]
,
B
a
na
c
h
s
pa
c
e
i
n
[7]
,
w
e
i
ght
e
d
s
pa
c
e
[8]
,
L
p
s
pa
c
e
s
[4]
o
r
2
-
n
o
rm
e
d
s
p
a
c
e
a
s
i
n
[9
-
16]
.
T
h
e
2
-
n
o
r
m
e
d
s
pa
c
e
w
a
s
f
i
r
s
t
l
y
de
f
i
n
e
d
by
G
a
h
l
e
r
i
n
hi
s
pa
p
e
r
[9]
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
n
ge
n
e
ra
l
i
z
e
d
by
Is
e
ki
i
n
hi
s
pa
pe
r
[1
7]
.
T
hi
s
s
pa
c
e
pr
o
v
i
de
s
a
t
o
o
l
t
o
de
a
l
w
i
t
h
2
-
s
t
r
uc
t
u
r
e
s
.
F
o
r
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
po
rpus
e
,
o
t
h
e
r
s
de
f
i
n
e
d
qua
s
i
-
n
o
r
m
e
d
,
q
ua
s
i
-
(
2;
p)
-
n
o
rm
e
d
s
pa
c
e
a
n
d
ge
n
e
ra
l
i
z
e
d
e
a
c
h
o
n
e
(s
e
e
[18
,
19]
).
F
i
r
s
t
,
w
e
de
f
i
n
e
t
h
e
2
-
n
o
rm
e
d
s
p
a
c
e
ge
n
e
r
a
l
l
y
f
r
o
m
[1]
D
e
fi
n
i
t
i
o
n
(1)
A
n
o
rm
‖
∙
,
∙
‖
:
×
→
+
i
s
2
-
n
o
r
m
o
n
X
i
f
i
t
s
a
t
i
s
f
i
e
s
t
h
e
f
o
l
l
ow
i
n
g
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
s
:
[C1]
‖
1
,
2
‖
=
0
,
i
f
a
n
d
o
n
l
y
i
f
1
,
2
a
r
e
l
i
n
e
a
r
l
y
de
pe
n
de
nt
f
r
o
m
X
.
.
[C2]
‖
1
,
2
‖
=
‖
2
,
1
,
‖
,
fo
r
a
l
l
1
,
2
f
r
o
m
X
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
do
n
e
s
i
a
n
J
E
l
e
c
E
ng
&
Co
m
p
S
c
i
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
B
e
s
t
n
e
ur
al
s
i
m
ul
t
an
e
ous
appr
ox
i
m
at
i
on
(
H
a
w
r
aa
A
bbas
A
l
m
ur
i
e
b)
1585
[C3]
‖
1
,
2
‖
=
|
|
‖
1
,
2
‖
,
fo
r
a
l
l
∈
a
n
d
1
,
2
∈
X
[C4]
‖
1
+
2
,
‖
≤
‖
1
,
‖
+
‖
2
,
‖
,
f
o
r
a
l
l
1
,
2
,
∈
.
T
h
e
s
pa
c
e
(
X
,
‖
∙
,
∙
‖
)
i
s
c
a
l
l
e
d
2
-
n
o
r
m
e
d
s
p
a
c
e
.
L
a
t
e
r,
P
a
r
k
[18]
s
ub
s
t
i
t
ut
e
[C4]
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
f
o
l
l
ow
i
ng
c
o
n
di
t
i
o
n
[C4*]
‖
1
+
2
,
‖
≤
{
‖
1
,
‖
+
‖
2
,
‖
}
,
f
o
r
a
l
l
1
,
2
,
∈
.
In
t
hi
s
pa
pe
r,
w
e
de
a
l
w
i
t
h
2
-
n
o
r
m
e
d
s
p
a
c
e
w
i
t
h
a
s
pe
c
i
a
l
de
f
i
ni
t
i
o
n
t
h
a
t
de
a
l
s
w
i
t
h
L
e
b
e
s
gu
e
-
i
nt
e
gra
b
l
e
s
pa
c
e
[
,
]
=
{
:
∫
|
(
)
|
<
∞
}
T
hr
o
ug
h
t
h
i
s
pa
pe
r,
w
e
r
e
f
e
r
,
2
t
o
t
h
e
s
pa
c
e
[
,
]
×
[
,
]
i
n
t
h
e
f
o
l
l
ow
i
n
g
m
a
nn
e
r
,
2
[
,
]
=
{
:
∫
|
(
)
(
)
|
<
∞
,
f
o
r
e
v
e
r
y
∈
}
(1)
T
o
ge
t
h
e
r
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
n
o
n
-
n
e
a
g
a
t
i
v
e
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
‖
∙
,
∙
‖
o
ve
r
t
h
e
v
e
c
t
o
r
s
p
a
c
e
,
2
a
s
f
o
l
l
ow
‖
,
‖
=
(
∫
|
(
)
(
)
|
)
1
⁄
,
(2)
fo
r
a
n
y
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
f
r
o
m
,
2
.
T
h
e
s
pa
c
e
,
2
[
,
]
i
s
a
2
-
n
o
rm
e
d
s
pa
c
e
s
i
n
c
e
i
t
s
a
t
i
s
f
i
e
s
t
h
e
f
o
l
l
ow
i
n
g
c
o
n
di
t
i
o
n
s
[C1]
‖
,
‖
=
0
,
i
f
a
n
d
o
n
l
y
i
f
a
nd
a
r
e
l
i
n
e
a
r
l
y
de
pe
n
de
nt
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
s
f
r
o
m
,
2
.
.
[C2]
‖
,
‖
=
‖
,
‖
,
fo
r
a
l
l
a
n
d
f
r
o
m
,
2
.
[C3]
‖
,
‖
=
|
|
‖
,
‖
,
fo
r
a
l
l
∈
a
n
d
,
∈
,
2
.
[C4]
‖
+
,
‖
≤
{
‖
,
‖
+
‖
,
‖
}
,
f
o
r
a
l
l
,
,
∈
,
2
.
T
h
e
s
pa
c
e
,
2
[
,
]
i
s
a
2
-
n
o
rm
e
d
s
pa
c
e
s
i
n
c
e
i
t
s
a
t
i
s
f
i
e
s
t
h
e
c
o
n
di
t
i
o
n
s
i
n
D
e
f
i
n
i
t
i
o
n(1).
[C1]
L
e
t
,
b
e
t
w
o
l
i
n
e
a
rl
y
de
pe
n
de
n
t
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
s
f
r
o
m
,
2
,
w
i
t
h
≠
i
f
f
〈
,
〉
=
0
,
i
f
f
‖
,
‖
=
0
.
[C2]
B
y
(2),
w
e
h
a
v
e
‖
,
‖
=
‖
,
‖
.
[C3]
L
e
t
∈
,
t
h
e
n
‖
,
‖
=
(
∫
|
(
)
(
)
|
)
1
=
|
|
(
∫
|
(
)
(
)
|
)
1
,
=
|
|
‖
,
‖
,
[C4]
L
e
t
,
∈
,
2
,
s
i
n
c
e
0
<
<
1
,
t
h
e
n
t
h
e
r
e
e
xi
s
t
s
>
0
s
a
t
i
s
f
i
e
s
‖
+
,
‖
=
(
∫
|
(
+
)
(
)
(
)
|
)
1
≤
{
(
∫
|
(
)
(
)
|
)
1
+
(
∫
|
(
)
(
)
|
)
1
}
=
{
‖
,
‖
+
‖
,
‖
}
.
T
o
c
o
n
t
i
n
ue
o
u
r
i
n
v
e
s
t
i
ga
t
i
o
n
f
o
r
a
n
e
u
ra
l
b
e
s
t
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n,
w
e
n
e
e
d
t
h
e
f
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g
de
f
i
ni
t
i
o
n
s
t
h
a
t
a
r
e
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
t
o
c
o
n
v
e
r
ge
n
c
e
s
e
que
n
c
e
s
of
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
s
f
r
o
m
,
2
.
D
e
fi
n
i
t
i
o
n
(
2)
A
s
e
que
n
c
e
o
f
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
s
{
}
≥
1
f
r
o
m
,
2
i
s
s
a
i
d
t
o
b
e
Cauc
h
y
S
e
qu
e
nc
e
i
f
a
n
d
o
n
l
y
i
f
l
i
m
,
→
∞
‖
−
,
1
‖
=
0
,
a
nd
l
i
m
,
→
∞
‖
−
,
2
‖
=
0
,
fo
r
s
o
m
e
i
n
de
pe
n
de
n
t
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
s
1
,
2
∈
,
2
.
D
e
fi
n
i
t
i
o
n
(3)
A
s
e
que
n
c
e
o
f
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
s
{
}
≥
1
f
r
o
m
,
2
i
s
s
a
i
d
t
o
b
e
c
o
nv
e
r
g
e
nt
t
o
s
o
m
e
∈
,
2
i
f
a
n
d
o
n
l
y
i
f
l
i
m
,
→
∞
‖
−
,
‖
=
0
,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
In
do
n
e
s
i
a
n
J
E
l
e
c
E
ng
&
Co
m
p
S
c
i
,
V
o
l
.
20
,
N
o
.
3
,
D
e
c
e
m
be
r
2
020
:
15
84
-
15
90
1586
fo
r
a
l
l
∈
,
2
.
T
h
e
f
o
l
l
ow
i
n
g
de
f
i
ni
t
i
o
n
s
g
i
v
e
s
o
m
e
us
e
f
ul
pr
o
pe
r
t
i
e
s
t
o
t
h
e
s
pa
c
e
,
2
,
t
ha
t
w
e
n
e
e
d
l
a
t
e
r
i
n
t
h
e
m
a
i
n
r
e
s
ul
t
s
.
D
e
fi
n
i
t
i
o
n
(4)
T
h
e
s
pa
c
e
,
2
i
s
s
a
i
d
t
o
b
e
c
om
pl
e
t
e
i
f
a
nd
o
n
l
y
i
f
e
v
e
r
y
Ca
uc
h
y
s
e
que
n
c
e
{
}
≥
1
f
r
o
m
,
2
c
o
n
v
e
r
ge
s
t
o
a
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
t
h
a
t
b
e
l
o
n
gs
t
o
,
2
.
T
o
m
e
a
s
u
r
e
t
h
e
de
g
r
e
e
o
f
be
s
t
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
,
w
e
de
f
i
n
e
t
h
e
m
o
dul
us
o
f
s
m
o
o
t
hn
e
s
s
i
n
,
2
a
s
f
o
l
l
ow
D
e
fi
n
i
t
i
o
n
(5)
L
e
t
∈
,
2
,
t
h
e
n
t
h
e
t
h
s
y
m
m
e
t
ri
c
d
i
f
fe
r
e
n
c
e
o
f
i
s
g
i
v
e
n
b
y
∆
ℎ
(
,
,
[
,
]
)
=
{
∑
(
)
(
−
1
)
−
(
−
ℎ
2
+
ℎ
)
=
0
,
±
ℎ
2
∈
[
,
]
0
,
.
.
(3)
S
o
t
h
e
th
m
o
dul
us
o
f
s
m
oo
t
hn
e
s
s
o
f
i
s
gi
v
e
n
by
(
,
,
,
[
,
]
)
=
su
p
0
<
ℎ
≤
‖
∆
ℎ
(
,
∙
)
,
‖
,
(4)
fo
r
s
o
m
e
≥
0
.
2.
C
O
N
S
TR
U
C
TI
O
N
O
F
F
N
N
WI
T
H
R
ELU
A
C
TI
V
A
TI
O
N
F
U
N
C
TI
O
N
W
e
h
a
v
e
t
o
t
a
l
k
a
b
o
ut
t
h
e
s
e
t
of
a
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n.
C
h
o
o
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
t
a
rge
t
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
s
p
a
c
e
i
s
a
s
m
uc
h
i
m
po
rt
a
nt
a
s
c
h
o
o
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
s
pa
c
e
.
It
i
s
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
t
o
t
h
e
a
ppl
i
c
a
b
l
e
pr
o
pe
rt
i
e
s
a
nd
t
h
e
a
c
c
ur
a
t
e
r
e
s
ul
t
s
t
o
e
a
c
h
s
pa
c
e
.
M
o
r
e
o
ve
r
,
s
o
m
e
t
i
m
e
s
i
t
i
s
p
r
e
f
e
r
r
e
d
t
o
r
e
pl
a
c
e
a
c
e
r
t
a
i
n
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
by
i
t
s
a
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
f
r
o
m
s
o
m
e
v
i
t
a
l
s
p
a
c
e
.
S
c
i
e
n
t
i
s
t
s
a
p
p
r
o
xi
m
a
t
e
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
s
by
po
l
y
n
om
i
a
l
s
,
w
a
v
e
l
e
t
s
,
s
pl
i
n
e
s
a
nd
n
e
u
r
a
l
n
e
t
w
o
r
ks
.
F
o
r
t
h
e
w
i
de
us
a
ge
o
f
n
e
u
r
a
l
n
e
t
w
o
r
ks
a
n
d
t
h
e
i
r
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
t
o
s
o
l
ve
pr
o
b
l
e
m
s
f
r
o
m
di
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
f
i
e
l
ds
(s
e
e
[21
-
38]
)
a
s
e
t
o
f
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
s
f
r
o
m
L
p
s
pa
c
e
i
s
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
e
d
by
n
e
ura
l
ne
t
w
o
r
ks
i
n
t
hi
s
w
o
r
k.
M
a
n
y
pa
pe
r
s
c
o
n
t
a
i
n
s
t
h
i
s
t
o
pi
c
w
i
de
l
y
,
w
e
m
e
nt
i
o
n
s
o
m
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
i
n
t
h
e
r
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
s
b
e
l
ow
(s
e
e
[39
-
47]
).
L
e
t
t
h
e
a
p
p
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
n
e
u
ra
l
o
pe
r
a
t
o
r
=
∑
ℛ
(
+
)
=
1
,
(5)
w
h
e
r
e
ℛ
(
)
=
+
=
(
0
,
)
=
{
0
,
≤
0
,
>
0
}
,
(6)
i
s
t
h
e
R
e
l
u
a
c
t
i
v
a
t
i
o
n
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n.
F
o
r
i
t
s
s
i
m
p
l
i
c
i
t
y
a
n
d
e
ff
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
,
s
c
i
e
n
t
i
s
t
s
us
e
R
e
l
u
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
t
o
a
c
t
i
v
a
t
e
t
h
e
n
e
u
ra
l
n
e
t
w
o
r
k.
I
n
c
o
m
pa
ri
s
o
n
w
i
t
h
o
t
h
e
r
a
c
t
i
v
a
t
i
o
n
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
s
,
i
t
g
i
v
e
s
f
a
s
t
e
r
a
nd
m
o
r
e
a
c
c
e
pt
a
b
l
e
r
e
s
ul
t
s
,
i
t
s
o
l
v
e
s
t
h
e
pr
o
b
l
e
m
of
v
a
n
i
s
h
i
n
g
g
ra
di
e
n
t
t
h
a
t
m
o
s
t
a
c
t
i
v
a
t
i
o
n
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
s
s
uf
fe
r
f
r
o
m
.
I
n
t
h
e
f
i
e
l
d
of
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n,
[48
-
50]
a
r
e
s
o
m
e
pa
pe
r
s
t
h
a
t
de
a
l
t
w
i
t
h
n
e
ura
l
a
p
p
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
w
i
t
h
R
e
l
u
a
c
t
i
v
a
t
i
o
n
f
un
c
t
i
o
n.
N
ow
,
w
e
a
r
e
r
e
a
dy
t
o
di
s
c
us
s
t
h
e
e
s
s
e
n
t
i
a
l
po
i
n
t
i
n
t
h
i
s
p
a
pe
r.
H
e
r
e
i
s
t
h
e
de
f
i
ni
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
b
e
s
t
s
i
m
ul
t
a
n
e
o
us
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
e
t
,
2
by
e
l
e
m
e
n
t
s
o
f
ℵ
u
n
de
r
t
h
e
n
o
rm
(2)
.
D
e
fi
n
i
t
i
o
n
(6)
T
h
e
s
i
m
ul
t
a
n
e
o
us
b
e
s
t
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
a
s
ub
s
e
t
ℱ
of
,
2
i
s
∗
∈
ℵ
i
n
t
h
e
e
xp
r
e
s
s
i
o
n
i
n
f
∈
ℵ
{
su
p
∈
ℱ
‖
−
,
‖
}
=
su
p
∈
ℱ
‖
−
∗
,
‖
(7)
In
t
h
e
n
e
xt
s
e
c
t
i
o
n,
w
e
c
o
n
s
t
r
uc
t
o
u
r
n
e
u
r
a
l
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
y
pe
(5)
s
i
m
u
l
t
a
n
e
o
us
l
y
t
o
,
2
.
3.
EX
I
S
TEN
C
E
T
H
EO
R
EM
L
e
t
∈
,
2
,
t
h
e
n
t
h
e
r
e
e
x
i
s
t
s
a
F
N
N
o
f
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
:
=
∑
ℛ
(
+
)
=
1
,
w
h
e
r
e
ℛ
i
s
t
h
e
R
e
l
u
a
c
t
i
v
a
t
i
o
n
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
o
n
[
,
]
a
n
d
t
h
e
pa
ra
m
e
t
e
r
s
,
,
a
n
d
a
r
e
c
h
o
s
e
n
a
s
f
o
l
l
ow
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
do
n
e
s
i
a
n
J
E
l
e
c
E
ng
&
Co
m
p
S
c
i
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
B
e
s
t
n
e
ur
al
s
i
m
ul
t
an
e
ous
appr
ox
i
m
at
i
on
(
H
a
w
r
aa
A
bbas
A
l
m
ur
i
e
b)
1587
=
−
2
ℎ
|
−
|
,
=
ℎ
|
−
|
(
2
+
(
2
−
1
)
−
)
,
0
=
(
)
−
∑
ℛ
(
+
)
=
1
,
=
1
2
∑
(
)
(
−
1
)
−
(
−
ℎ
2
+
ℎ
)
=
0
,
w
h
e
r
e
ℎ
=
2
.
P
r
oo
f
:
S
i
n
c
e
ℛ
(
)
=
+
,
∀
∈
[
,
]
,
t
h
e
n
by
(6),
su
p
∈
[
,
]
|
ℛ
(
)
|
=
.
L
e
t
t
h
e
pa
rt
i
t
i
o
n
<
1
<
2
<
⋯
<
=
,
s
uc
h
t
ha
t
f
o
r
a
l
l
1
≤
≤
,
a
nd
l
e
t
=
+
−
,
Ch
o
o
s
i
n
g
0
=
(
)
−
∑
ℛ
(
+
)
=
1
,
gi
v
e
s
t
h
e
gu
a
r
a
nt
y
t
ha
t
(
)
=
(
)
.
F
o
r
a
l
l
∈
[
,
]
,
t
h
e
r
e
i
s
∈
Ν
,
0
≤
≤
,
s
uc
h
t
h
a
t
∈
[
−
1
,
]
,
a
nd
t
h
a
t
(
)
=
(
)
+
∑
1
2
∑
(
)
(
−
1
)
−
(
−
ℎ
2
+
ℎ
)
=
0
=
1
[
ℛ
(
+
)
−
ℛ
(
+
)
]
=
(
)
+
∑
1
2
∑
(
)
(
−
1
)
−
(
−
ℎ
2
+
ℎ
)
=
0
−
1
=
1
[
ℛ
(
+
)
−
ℛ
(
+
)
]
+
1
2
∑
(
)
(
−
1
)
−
(
−
ℎ
2
+
ℎ
)
=
0
[
ℛ
(
+
)
−
ℛ
(
+
)
]
+
∑
1
2
∑
(
)
(
−
1
)
−
(
−
ℎ
2
+
ℎ
)
=
0
=
+
1
[
ℛ
(
+
)
−
ℛ
(
+
)
]
=
(
)
+
1
+
2
+
3
T
o
e
s
t
i
m
a
t
e
|
ℛ
(
+
)
−
ℛ
(
+
)
|
,
w
e
h
a
v
e
t
w
o
c
a
s
e
s
.
F
o
r
>
,
w
e
h
a
v
e
,
≤
≤
−
1
,
s
o
by
m
o
n
o
t
o
n
i
c
i
t
y
of
ℛ
a
n
d
o
ur
c
h
o
i
c
e
s
of
t
h
e
p
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
,
a
nd
, w
e
ge
t
C
as
e
(1)
0
<
ℛ
(
+
)
−
ℛ
(
+
)
≤
ℛ
(
+
)
−
ℛ
(
+
)
≤
ℛ
(
−
1
+
)
−
ℛ
(
+
)
=
ℛ
(
ℎ
)
−
ℛ
(
2
ℎ
−
ℎ
)
=
−
2
ℎ
=
−
∙
C
as
e
(2
)
F
o
r
<
,
w
e
h
a
v
e
,
≤
−
1
≤
,
t
h
e
n
ℛ
(
+
)
−
ℛ
(
+
)
≥
ℛ
(
+
)
−
ℛ
(
−
1
+
)
=
ℛ
(
−
ℎ
)
−
ℛ
(
ℎ
)
=
−
ℎ
=
−
2
∙
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
In
do
n
e
s
i
a
n
J
E
l
e
c
E
ng
&
Co
m
p
S
c
i
,
V
o
l
.
20
,
N
o
.
3
,
D
e
c
e
m
be
r
2
020
:
15
84
-
15
90
1588
F
o
r
t
h
e
t
w
o
c
a
s
e
s
,
w
e
c
o
n
c
l
ude
t
ha
t
|
ℛ
(
+
)
−
ℛ
(
+
)
|
≤
ℎ
=
2
N
ow
,
w
e
a
r
e
r
e
a
dy
t
o
e
s
t
i
m
a
t
e
1
,
2
a
n
d
3
|
1
|
≤
1
2
∑
∑
(
)
(
−
1
)
−
|
(
−
ℎ
2
+
ℎ
)
|
=
0
−
1
=
1
|
ℛ
(
+
)
−
ℛ
(
+
)
|
≤
1
4
∆
ℎ
(
,
,
[
,
]
)
|
2
|
≤
1
2
∑
(
)
(
−
1
)
−
|
(
−
ℎ
2
+
ℎ
)
|
=
0
|
ℛ
(
+
)
−
ℛ
(
+
)
|
≤
1
4
∆
ℎ
(
,
,
[
,
]
)
|
3
|
≤
1
2
∑
∑
(
)
(
−
1
)
−
|
(
−
ℎ
2
+
ℎ
)
|
=
0
=
+
1
|
ℛ
(
+
)
−
ℛ
(
+
)
|
≤
1
4
∆
ℎ
(
,
,
[
,
]
)
F
i
na
l
l
y
,
l
e
t
∈
,
2
,
t
h
e
n
‖
(
)
−
(
)
,
‖
≤
∫
|
(
)
−
(
)
|
|
(
)
|
≤
1
2
∑
[
ℛ
(
+
)
−
ℛ
(
+
)
]
∫
∑
(
)
(
−
1
)
−
=
1
|
(
−
ℎ
2
+
ℎ
)
|
|
(
)
|
=
1
≤
3
4
(
,
,
1
)
.
∎
4.
U
N
I
Q
U
EN
ES
S
T
H
EO
R
E
M
T
h
e
s
i
m
ul
t
a
n
e
o
us
b
e
s
t
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
∗
∈
ℵ
o
f
a
s
ub
s
e
t
of
,
2
i
s
u
ni
q
ue
.
P
r
oo
f:
T
o
p
r
o
ve
t
h
a
t
∗
∈
ℵ
i
s
u
n
i
q
ue
,
s
up
po
s
e
t
ha
t
N
1
,
N
2
∈
ℵ
b
e
t
w
o
s
i
m
ul
t
a
n
e
o
us
a
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
s
t
o
,
t
h
e
n
by
D
e
f
i
n
i
t
i
o
n
(3)
l
i
m
→
∞
‖
N
1
−
,
‖
=
0
,
a
n
d
l
i
m
→
∞
‖
N
2
−
,
‖
=
0
,
S
o
by
c
o
n
di
t
i
o
n
[C4*
]
o
f
D
e
f
i
n
i
t
i
o
n
(1)
,
t
h
e
r
e
e
xi
s
t
s
≥
1
,
‖
N
1
−
N
2
,
‖
≤
(
‖
N
1
−
,
‖
+
‖
N
2
−
,
‖
)
By
t
a
ki
n
g
l
i
m
i
t
s
t
o
b
o
t
h
s
i
de
s
a
s
n
t
e
n
ds
t
o
i
n
f
i
n
i
t
y
,
t
h
e
n
f
o
r
a
l
l
∈
L
,
2
l
i
m
→
∞
‖
N
1
−
N
2
,
‖
=
0
,
S
o
N
1
=
N
2
,
a
nd
t
h
e
b
e
s
t
s
i
m
u
l
t
a
n
e
o
us
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
t
o
o
ut
o
f
ℵ
i
s
u
ni
que
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
In
do
n
e
s
i
a
n
J
E
l
e
c
E
ng
&
Co
m
p
S
c
i
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
B
e
s
t
n
e
ur
al
s
i
m
ul
t
an
e
ous
appr
ox
i
m
at
i
on
(
H
a
w
r
aa
A
bbas
A
l
m
ur
i
e
b)
1589
5.
C
O
N
C
LU
S
I
O
N
S
i
m
ul
t
a
n
e
o
us
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
t
h
e
,
2
s
pa
c
e
i
s
de
f
i
n
e
d
i
n
de
t
a
i
l
s
i
n
t
hi
s
p
a
pe
r
.
Co
n
s
t
ruc
t
i
o
n
of
n
e
u
r
a
l
n
e
t
w
o
r
ks
w
i
t
h
r
e
c
t
i
f
i
e
d
a
c
t
i
v
a
t
i
o
n
f
un
c
t
i
o
n
t
ha
t
a
p
pr
o
xi
m
a
t
e
s
a
s
ub
s
e
t
o
f
,
2
s
i
m
u
l
t
a
n
e
o
us
l
y
i
s
ob
t
a
i
n
e
d
t
o
o
.
In
s
pi
t
e
o
f
i
t
s
v
a
r
i
o
us
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
i
t
gi
v
e
s
a
c
c
ur
a
t
e
r
e
s
ul
t
s
t
ha
t
de
pe
n
ds
o
n
m
o
dul
us
of
s
m
o
o
t
h
n
e
s
s
.
I
t
w
o
ul
d
b
e
i
n
t
e
r
e
s
t
i
n
g
t
o
di
s
c
us
s
v
i
t
a
l
a
pp
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
i
n
2
-
s
t
ruc
t
u
r
e
s
pa
c
e
s
fo
r
t
h
e
c
o
n
s
t
r
uc
t
e
d
n
e
u
r
a
l
n
e
t
w
o
r
k.
R
EF
ER
EN
C
ES
[
1]
C
.
B
.
D
unh
a
m
,
“
S
i
m
ul
t
a
n
e
o
us
C
h
e
by
s
he
v
A
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
F
unc
t
i
o
ns
o
n
a
n
I
nt
e
r
v
a
l
,
”
P
r
oc
.
A
m
.
M
a
t
h
.
So
c
.
,
v
o
l
.
18,
no
.
3
,
p.
47
2,
19
67
.
[
2]
J
.
B
.
D
i
a
z
a
n
d
H
.
W
.
M
c
l
a
ug
hl
i
n
,
“
O
n
S
i
m
u
l
t
a
ne
o
us
C
h
e
by
s
he
v
A
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
C
he
by
s
he
v
A
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
w
i
t
h
a
n
A
ddi
t
i
v
e
W
e
i
g
ht
,
”
J
.
A
ppr
ox
.
T
he
or
y
,
v
o
l
.
71
,
no
.
6,
pp
.
68
-
71,
19
72.
[
3]
J
.
B
.
D
i
a
z
a
nd
H
.
W
.
M
c
l
a
ug
hl
i
n,
“
S
i
m
u
l
t
a
ne
o
us
a
p
pr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
a
s
e
t
o
f
bo
unde
d
r
e
a
l
f
unc
t
i
o
ns
,
”
M
at
h.
C
om
put
.
,
v
o
l
.
23
,
no
.
1
07,
p
p.
58
3
-
594,
1
969
.
[
4]
F
.
E
.
L
e
v
i
s
,
“
I
nt
e
r
po
l
a
t
i
o
n
a
nd
be
s
t
s
i
m
ul
t
a
ne
o
us
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n,
”
2
017.
[
5]
C
.
L
i
a
nd
G
.
A
.
W
a
t
s
o
n,
“
O
n
no
nl
i
n
e
a
r
s
i
m
u
l
t
a
ne
o
us
C
he
by
s
he
v
a
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
,
”
J
.
M
at
h
.
A
na
l
.
A
p
pl
.
,
v
o
l
.
288
,
no
.
1
,
pp
.
167
-
181
,
200
3.
[
6]
Ş
.
A
t
a
c
i
k,
“
S
i
m
ul
t
a
n
e
o
us
a
p
pr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
a
uni
f
o
r
m
l
y
bo
unde
d
s
e
t
o
f
r
e
a
l
v
a
l
ue
d
f
unc
t
i
o
ns
,
”
J
.
A
p
pr
o
x
.
T
he
or
y
,
v
o
l
.
45,
no
.
2
,
pp.
1
29
-
132
,
1985
.
[
7]
P
.
D
.
M
i
l
a
n
,
“
O
n
B
e
s
t
S
i
m
ul
t
a
ne
o
us
A
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
N
o
r
m
e
d
L
i
ne
a
r
S
p
a
c
e
s
,
”
J
.
A
ppr
ox
.
T
he
or
y
,
v
o
l
.
23
8,
pp.
22
3
-
238,
1
977
.
[
8]
A
.
A
.
L
.
I
.
H
us
s
e
i
n,
“
B
e
s
t
s
i
m
u
l
t
a
ne
o
us
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
w
e
i
g
ht
e
d
s
pa
c
e
B
e
s
t
s
i
m
ul
t
a
n
e
o
us
a
p
pr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
w
e
i
g
ht
e
d
s
pa
c
e
,
”
201
9.
[
9]
S.
G
a
h
l
e
r
,
“
L
i
ne
a
r
e
2
-
N
o
r
m
i
e
r
t
e
R
ä
um
e
,
”
M
at
h.
N
a
c
hr
i
c
h
t
e
n
,
v
o
l
.
28,
pp
.
1
-
43,
1
964
.
[
10]
S
.
E
l
um
a
l
a
i
a
n
d
R
.
V
i
j
a
y
a
r
a
g
a
v
a
n,
“
C
ha
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
z
a
t
i
o
ns
o
f
be
s
t
a
p
pr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
ns
i
n
l
i
ne
a
r
2
-
no
r
m
e
d
s
pa
c
e
s
,
”
G
e
n.
M
a
t
h.
,
v
o
l
.
1
7,
no
.
3,
p
p.
14
1
-
160
,
2
009
.
[
11]
A
.
M
e
hm
e
t
,
“
T
he
be
s
t
s
i
m
u
l
t
a
ne
o
us
a
ppr
o
x
i
m
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
l
i
ne
a
r
2
-
no
r
m
e
d
s
pa
c
e
s
,
”
P
r
oc
.
J
angj
e
on
M
a
t
h.
Soc
.
,
v
o
l
.
15,
no
.
4
,
pp.
4
15
-
422
,
2012
.
[
12]
M
.
A
c
i
kg
oz
,
“
T
he
be
s
t
s
i
m
u
l
t
a
ne
o
us
a
p
pr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
l
i
ne
a
r
2
-
no
r
m
e
d
s
pa
c
e
s
,
”
20
14.
[
13]
M
.
A
c
i
kg
oz
,
“
A
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
g
e
n
e
r
a
l
i
z
e
d
2
-
no
r
m
e
d
s
pa
c
e
s
,
”
20
1
4.
[
14]
S
.
C
o
bz
a
s
a
n
d
R
.
A
c
a
de
m
y
,
“
E
xt
e
ns
i
o
n
o
f
bi
l
i
ne
a
r
f
unc
t
i
o
na
l
s
a
nd
be
s
t
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
2
-
no
r
m
e
d
s
p
a
c
e
s
,
”
2
017
.
[
15]
M
.
I
r
a
nm
a
ne
s
h
a
n
d
F
.
S
o
l
e
i
m
a
ny
,
“
2
-
N
O
R
M
E
D
S
P
A
C
E
S
,
”
v
o
l
.
4
6
,
no
.
1
,
pp
.
207
-
215
,
201
6.
[
16]
A
.
K
undu
a
nd
T
.
B
.
S
k
,
“
O
n
m
e
t
r
i
z
a
bi
l
i
t
y
a
nd
no
r
m
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
of
2
-
no
r
m
e
d
s
p
a
c
e
s
,
”
M
a
t
h
.
S
c
i
.
,
v
o
l
.
13
,
no
.
1
,
pp.
69
-
77
,
201
9.
[
17]
K
.
I
s
e
ki
,
“
M
a
t
he
m
a
t
i
c
s
o
n
2
-
no
r
m
e
d
s
pa
c
e
s
,
”
K
or
e
an
M
at
h.
So
c
.
,
v
o
l
.
1
3,
pp
.
127
-
13
6,
19
76
.
[
18]
C
.
P
a
r
k
,
“
G
e
n
e
r
a
l
i
z
e
d
qu
a
s
i
–
b
a
na
c
h
s
pa
c
e
s
a
nd
qu
a
s
i
–
(
2;
p)
-
N
o
r
m
e
d
S
pa
c
e
s
,
”
J
.
C
h
ung
c
he
ong
M
a
t
h.
Soc
.
,
v
o
l
.
19
,
no
.
2
,
pp.
1
97
-
206
,
2006
.
[
19]
K
.
K
i
k
i
na
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
Q
u
a
s
i
-
2
-
N
o
r
m
e
d
S
pa
c
e
s
a
nd
S
o
m
e
F
i
xe
d
P
o
i
n
t
T
he
o
r
e
m
s
,
”
v
o
l
.
47
4,
no
.
2
,
p
p.
46
9
-
474
,
2016
.
[
20]
C
.
P
a
r
k
,
“
G
e
ne
r
a
l
i
z
e
d
qua
s
i
-
B
a
n
a
c
h
s
p
a
c
e
s
a
nd
q
ua
s
i
-
(
2
,
p
)
-
no
r
m
e
d
s
pa
c
e
s
,
”
J
.
C
hung
c
he
ong
M
a
t
h
.
S
oc
.
,
v
o
l
.
19
,
no
.
2
,
pp.
1
97
-
206
,
2006
.
[
21]
L
.
E
.
A
i
k,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
n
i
m
pr
o
v
e
d
r
a
d
i
a
l
b
a
s
i
s
f
unc
t
i
o
n
ne
t
w
o
r
k
s
ba
s
e
d
o
n
qua
nt
um
e
v
o
l
ut
i
o
na
r
y
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
hm
f
o
r
t
r
a
i
n
i
ng
no
nl
i
n
e
a
r
d
a
t
a
s
e
t
s
,
”
I
A
E
S
I
n
t
.
J
.
A
r
t
i
f
.
I
n
t
e
l
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
8,
no
.
2
,
p
p.
12
0
-
131,
2
019
.
[
22]
A
.
S
.
T
a
k
i
a
l
dd
i
n
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
O
v
e
r
v
i
e
w
o
f
m
o
de
l
f
r
e
e
a
da
p
t
i
v
e
(
M
F
A
)
c
o
nt
r
o
l
t
e
c
hno
l
o
gy
,
”
I
A
E
S
I
n
t
.
J
.
A
r
t
i
f
.
I
nt
e
l
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
7,
no
.
4,
p
p.
16
5
-
169
,
2
018
.
[
23]
V
.
K
a
t
hi
r
v
e
l
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
H
y
br
i
d
i
m
pe
r
i
a
l
i
s
t
i
c
c
o
m
pe
t
i
t
i
v
e
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
hm
i
nc
o
r
po
r
a
t
e
d
w
i
t
h
ho
pf
i
e
l
d
n
e
u
r
a
l
ne
t
w
o
r
k
f
o
r
r
o
bus
t
3
s
a
t
i
s
f
i
a
bi
l
i
t
y
l
o
g
i
c
pr
o
g
r
a
m
m
i
ng
,
”
I
A
E
S
I
nt
.
J
.
A
r
t
i
f
.
I
n
t
e
l
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
8
,
no
.
2
,
pp
.
144
-
15
5,
20
19.
[
24]
M
.
R
ha
no
ui
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
F
o
r
e
c
a
s
t
i
ng
f
i
na
nc
i
a
l
budg
e
t
t
i
m
e
s
e
r
i
e
s
:
A
r
i
m
a
r
a
ndo
m
w
a
l
k
v
s
l
s
t
m
ne
ur
a
l
ne
t
w
o
r
k,
”
I
A
E
S
I
nt
.
J
.
A
r
t
i
f
.
I
n
t
e
l
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
8
,
no
.
4
,
pp
.
317
-
327
,
201
9.
[
25]
S
.
I
br
a
hi
m
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
O
p
t
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
a
r
t
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
ne
u
r
a
l
ne
t
w
o
r
k
t
o
po
l
ogy
f
o
r
m
e
m
br
a
ne
b
i
o
r
e
a
c
t
o
r
f
i
l
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
us
i
ng
r
e
s
po
ns
e
s
u
r
f
a
c
e
m
e
t
ho
do
l
o
gy
,
”
I
A
E
S
I
n
t
.
J
.
A
r
t
i
f
.
I
nt
e
l
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
9
,
no
.
1
,
p
p.
11
7
-
125
,
2
020
.
[
26]
S
.
I
.
A
bdul
l
a
h
i
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
I
nt
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
t
f
l
o
o
d
di
s
a
s
t
e
r
w
a
r
n
i
ng
o
n
t
he
f
l
y
:
D
e
v
e
l
o
pi
ng
I
o
T
-
ba
s
e
d
m
a
na
g
e
m
e
n
t
pl
a
t
f
o
r
m
a
nd
u
s
i
ng
2
-
c
l
a
s
s
n
e
ur
a
l
ne
t
w
o
r
k
t
o
pr
e
d
i
c
t
f
l
o
o
d
s
t
a
t
us
,
”
B
ul
l
.
E
l
e
c
t
r
.
E
n
g.
I
n
f
or
m
at
i
c
s
,
v
o
l
.
8
,
no
.
2,
pp
.
70
6
-
717,
2019
.
[
27]
S
.
V
e
r
m
a
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
N
N
ba
s
e
d
m
e
t
ho
d
f
o
r
i
m
pr
o
v
i
ng
go
l
d
pr
i
c
e
f
o
r
e
c
a
s
t
i
ng
a
c
c
ur
a
c
y
t
hr
o
ug
h
m
o
di
f
i
e
d
g
r
a
di
e
nt
de
s
c
e
n
t
m
e
t
ho
ds
,
”
I
A
E
S
I
n
t
.
J
.
A
r
t
i
f
.
I
nt
e
l
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
9
,
no
.
1,
pp
.
46
-
57
,
2020
.
[
28]
I
.
H
a
c
hc
ha
ne
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
L
a
r
g
e
-
s
c
a
l
e
i
m
a
g
e
-
to
-
v
i
de
o
f
a
c
e
r
e
t
r
i
e
v
a
l
w
i
t
h
c
o
nvo
l
ut
i
o
na
l
ne
ur
a
l
ne
t
w
o
r
k
f
e
a
t
ur
e
s
,
”
I
A
E
S
I
nt
.
J
.
A
r
t
i
f
.
I
n
t
e
l
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
9
,
no
.
1
,
pp
.
40
-
45,
2
020
.
[
29]
P
.
R
.
I
y
e
r
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
da
pt
i
v
e
r
e
a
l
t
i
m
e
t
r
a
f
f
i
c
pr
e
di
c
t
i
o
n
us
i
ng
de
e
p
n
e
ur
a
l
ne
t
w
o
r
ks
,
”
I
A
E
S
I
nt
.
J
.
A
r
t
i
f
.
I
n
t
e
l
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
8,
no
.
2
,
pp.
1
07
-
119
,
2019
.
[
30]
W
.
N
.
W
.
M
d
A
dna
n,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
D
e
v
e
l
o
pm
e
n
t
o
f
o
pt
i
o
n
c
m
e
a
s
ur
e
m
e
nt
a
nd
v
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
m
o
de
l
us
i
ng
hy
br
i
d
a
r
t
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
ne
ur
a
l
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
-
c
r
o
s
s
v
a
l
i
da
t
i
o
n
t
e
c
hni
q
ue
t
o
qua
n
t
i
f
y
s
a
v
i
ng
,
”
I
A
E
S
I
nt
.
J
.
A
r
t
i
f
.
I
n
t
e
l
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
9,
no
.
1,
pp.
2
5
-
32,
2020
.
[
31]
S
.
B
.
J
a
dh
a
v
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
C
o
nv
o
l
ut
i
o
na
l
n
e
ur
a
l
ne
t
w
o
r
k
s
f
o
r
l
e
a
f
i
m
a
g
e
-
ba
s
e
d
p
l
a
n
t
d
i
s
e
a
s
e
c
l
a
s
s
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n,
”
I
A
E
S
I
n
t
.
J
.
A
r
t
i
f
.
I
n
t
e
l
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
8,
no
.
4
,
pp
.
3
28
-
341
,
2019
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
2502
-
4752
In
do
n
e
s
i
a
n
J
E
l
e
c
E
ng
&
Co
m
p
S
c
i
,
V
o
l
.
20
,
N
o
.
3
,
D
e
c
e
m
be
r
2
020
:
15
84
-
15
90
1590
[
32]
S
.
B
a
r
hm
i
a
n
d
O
.
E
l
F
a
t
ni
,
“
H
o
ur
l
y
w
i
nd
s
pe
e
d
f
o
r
e
c
a
s
t
i
ng
ba
s
e
d
o
n
s
uppo
r
t
v
e
c
t
o
r
m
a
c
hi
ne
a
nd
a
r
t
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
ne
ur
a
l
ne
t
w
o
r
k
s
,
”
I
A
E
S
I
nt
.
J
.
A
r
t
i
f
.
I
n
t
e
l
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
8,
no
.
3
,
pp.
2
86
-
291
,
2019
.
[
33]
N
.
M
a
hm
o
d,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
M
o
de
l
l
i
ng
a
nd
c
o
nt
r
o
l
o
f
f
o
ul
i
ng
i
n
s
u
bm
e
r
g
e
d
m
e
m
br
a
ne
b
i
o
r
e
a
c
t
o
r
us
i
ng
ne
u
r
a
l
ne
t
w
o
r
k
i
nt
e
r
na
l
m
o
de
l
c
o
nt
r
o
l
,
”
I
A
E
S
I
nt
.
J
.
A
r
t
i
f
.
I
nt
e
l
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
9
,
no
.
1
,
pp
.
1
00
-
108,
2
020
.
[
34]
L
.
E
.
A
i
k,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
n
i
m
pr
o
v
e
d
r
a
d
i
a
l
ba
s
i
s
f
unc
t
i
o
n
ne
t
w
o
r
ks
i
n
ne
t
w
o
r
k
s
w
e
i
g
ht
s
a
d
j
u
s
t
m
e
nt
f
o
r
t
r
a
i
n
i
ng
r
e
a
l
-
w
o
r
l
d
no
nl
i
n
e
a
r
d
a
t
a
s
e
t
s
,
”
I
A
E
S
I
n
t
.
J
.
A
r
t
i
f
.
I
n
t
e
l
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
8,
no
.
1
,
pp
.
63
-
76,
2
019
.
[
35]
H
.
A
.
R
a
hi
m
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
E
xp
l
o
r
a
t
i
o
n
o
n
di
g
i
t
a
l
m
a
r
k
e
t
i
ng
a
s
bus
i
ne
s
s
s
t
r
a
t
e
gy
m
o
de
l
a
m
o
ng
m
a
l
a
y
s
i
a
n
e
nt
r
e
p
r
e
n
e
ur
s
v
i
a
ne
ur
o
c
o
m
put
i
ng
,
”
I
A
E
S
I
n
t
.
J
.
A
r
t
i
f
.
I
nt
e
l
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
9
,
no
.
1,
pp
.
18
-
24,
20
20.
[
36]
H
.
O
hm
a
i
d
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
I
r
i
s
s
e
g
m
e
nt
a
t
i
o
n
us
i
ng
a
ne
w
uns
u
pe
r
v
i
s
e
d
ne
ur
a
l
a
pp
r
o
a
c
h,
”
I
A
E
S
I
nt
.
J
.
A
r
t
i
f
.
I
nt
e
l
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
9,
no
.
1
,
pp.
5
8
-
64,
20
20.
[
37]
A
.
S
a
r
k
a
r
,
“
M
u
l
t
i
l
a
y
e
r
ne
u
r
a
l
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
s
y
nc
hr
o
ni
z
e
d
s
e
c
ur
e
d
s
e
s
s
i
o
n
ke
y
ba
s
e
d
e
nc
r
y
pt
i
o
n
i
n
w
i
r
e
l
e
s
s
c
om
m
uni
c
a
t
i
o
n,
”
I
A
E
S
I
nt
.
J
.
A
r
t
i
f
.
I
n
t
e
l
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
8
,
no
.
1
,
pp
.
44
-
53,
2019
.
[
38]
M
.
S
.
G
a
y
a
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
E
s
t
i
m
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
w
a
t
e
r
qua
l
i
t
y
i
nde
x
us
i
ng
a
r
t
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
i
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
nc
e
a
pp
r
o
a
c
he
s
a
nd
m
u
l
t
i
-
l
i
ne
a
r
r
e
g
r
e
s
s
i
o
n
,
”
I
A
E
S
I
nt
.
J
.
A
r
t
i
f
.
I
nt
e
l
l
.
,
v
o
l
.
9
,
no
.
1
,
pp
.
126
-
134
,
202
0.
[
39]
G
.
C
y
be
nko
,
“
C
o
nt
i
nuo
us
V
a
l
ue
d
N
e
ur
a
l
N
e
t
w
o
r
k
s
:
A
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
T
he
o
r
e
t
i
c
R
e
s
u
l
t
s
,
”
i
n
C
om
pu
t
e
r
Sc
i
e
nc
e
and
St
a
t
i
s
t
i
c
s
:
pr
oc
e
e
di
ngs
o
f
t
he
20
t
h
Sy
m
po
s
i
um
o
n
t
he
I
nt
e
r
f
ac
e
,
p
p.
174
-
183
,
1988
.
[
40]
T
.
C
he
n
a
nd
R
.
C
h
e
n
,
“
A
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
C
a
pa
bi
l
i
t
y
t
o
F
unc
t
i
o
ns
of
S
e
v
e
r
a
l
V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
s
,
N
o
nl
i
n
e
a
r
F
unc
t
i
o
na
l
s
a
nd
O
pe
r
a
t
o
r
s
by
R
a
di
a
l
B
a
s
i
s
F
unc
t
i
o
n
N
e
ur
a
l
N
e
t
w
o
r
ks
,
”
I
E
E
E
T
r
a
n
s
.
N
e
ur
a
l
N
e
t
w
or
k
s
,
v
o
l
.
6
,
no
.
4,
p
p.
90
4
-
910
,
1995
.
[
41]
Z
.
Z
ha
ng
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
T
h
e
ne
w
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
o
pe
r
a
t
o
r
s
w
i
t
h
s
i
g
m
o
i
da
l
f
unc
t
i
o
ns
,
”
J
.
A
pp
l
.
M
a
t
h.
C
om
put
,
v
o
l
.
42,
no
.
1
-
2,
p
p.
45
5
-
468,
2
013
.
[
42]
E
.
S
.
B
ha
y
a
,
“
N
e
u
r
a
l
N
e
t
w
o
r
k
T
r
i
g
o
no
m
e
t
r
i
c
A
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n,
”
no
.
9,
pp
.
2395
-
23
99,
2
016
.
[
43]
H
.
A
.
A
l
m
ur
i
e
b,
“
S
i
m
u
l
t
a
ne
o
us
A
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
o
r
de
r
m
by
A
r
t
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
N
e
u
r
a
l
N
e
t
w
o
r
k
,
”
v
o
l
.
56
,
no
.
4,
20
17
.
[
44]
E
.
S
.
B
ha
y
a
a
nd
H
.
A
.
A
l
m
ur
i
e
b
,
“
N
e
ur
a
l
N
e
t
w
o
r
k
T
r
i
g
o
no
m
e
t
r
i
c
A
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
,
”
J
.
U
n
i
v
.
B
aby
l
on
,
v
o
l
.
26,
no
.
1,
pp.
23
95
-
2399
,
201
6.
[
45]
E
.
S
.
B
h
a
y
a
a
nd
M
.
A
.
K
a
r
e
e
m
,
“
W
hi
t
ne
y
M
ul
t
i
a
pp
r
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n,
”
J
.
U
ni
v
.
B
a
by
l
on
P
ur
e
A
ppl
.
Sc
i
.
,
v
o
l
.
24
,
no
.
9,
pp.
38
5
-
403,
2
018
.
[
46]
E
.
S
.
B
h
a
y
a
a
nd
S
.
Z
.
A
bdul
m
un
i
m
,
“
A
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
F
unc
t
i
o
n
s
i
n
L
_P
S
pa
c
e
s
f
o
r
p<
1,
U
s
i
ng
R
a
d
i
a
l
B
a
s
i
s
F
unc
t
i
o
n
N
e
ur
a
l
N
e
t
w
o
r
ks
,
”
J
.
U
ni
v
.
B
ab
y
l
o
n
P
ur
e
A
ppl
.
Sc
i
.
,
v
o
l
.
27,
no
.
3,
p
p.
40
0
-
405,
2
019
.
[
47]
E
.
B
ha
y
a
,
“
l
p
a
p
pr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
us
i
ng
r
a
d
i
a
l
ba
s
i
s
ne
ur
a
l
ne
t
w
o
r
k
o
n
o
r
de
r
e
d
s
pa
c
e
,
”
201
9.
[
48]
M
.
H
a
ns
s
o
n
a
nd
C
.
O
l
s
s
o
n,
“
F
e
e
df
o
r
w
a
r
d
n
e
ur
a
l
ne
t
w
o
r
ks
w
i
t
h
R
e
L
U
a
c
t
i
v
a
t
i
o
n
f
unc
t
i
o
ns
a
r
e
l
i
n
e
a
r
s
p
l
i
ne
s
,
”
2017
.
[
49]
H
.
M
o
nt
a
n
e
l
l
i
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
D
e
e
p
R
e
L
U
ne
t
w
o
r
ks
o
v
e
r
c
om
e
t
he
c
ur
s
e
o
f
di
m
e
ns
i
o
na
l
i
t
y
f
o
r
ba
ndl
i
m
i
t
e
d
f
unc
t
i
o
ns
,
”
2019
.
[
50]
E
.
J
.
S
.
D
i
t
t
m
e
r
a
nd
P
.
M
a
a
s
s
,
“
S
i
ng
ul
a
r
V
a
l
ue
s
f
o
r
R
e
L
U
L
a
y
e
r
s
,
”
I
E
E
E
T
r
an
s
.
N
e
ur
al
N
e
t
w
or
k
s
L
e
ar
n.
Sy
s
t
.
,
no
.
2
,
pp.
1
-
12
,
201
9.
B
I
O
G
R
A
P
H
I
ES
O
F
A
U
T
H
O
R
S
S
he
r
e
c
e
i
v
e
d
he
r
M
S
c
de
g
r
e
e
i
n
s
c
i
e
nc
e
o
f
m
a
t
he
m
a
t
i
c
s
f
r
o
m
U
ni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
of
B
a
b
y
l
o
n
i
n
2010
a
nd
s
h
i
s
a
P
hD
s
t
ude
nt
o
f
a
ppl
i
e
d
m
a
t
he
m
a
t
i
c
s
a
t
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
o
f
B
a
g
hda
d
t
o
o
i
n
2
004
.
S
he
h
a
s
be
e
n
a
l
e
c
t
u
r
e
r
a
t
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
of
K
uf
a
a
nd
t
he
n
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
o
f
B
a
b
y
l
o
n
i
n
I
r
a
q.
H
e
r
c
u
r
r
e
nt
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
i
nt
e
r
e
s
t
s
i
nc
l
ude
a
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
t
he
o
r
y
,
e
s
s
e
n
t
i
a
l
a
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n,
ne
ur
a
l
ne
t
w
o
r
ks
S
he
r
e
c
e
i
v
e
d
he
r
M
S
c
de
g
r
e
e
i
n
s
c
i
e
nc
e
o
f
m
a
t
he
m
a
t
i
c
s
f
r
o
m
U
ni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
of
B
a
g
hda
d
1999
a
nd
he
r
P
hD
de
g
r
e
e
i
n
s
c
i
e
nc
e
o
f
m
a
t
he
m
a
t
i
c
s
f
r
o
m
U
ni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
o
f
B
a
ghda
d
t
o
o
i
n
2004
.
S
i
nc
e
t
he
n
s
he
ha
s
be
e
n
a
p
r
o
f
e
s
s
o
r
a
t
t
he
U
ni
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
of
B
a
b
y
l
o
n
i
n
I
r
a
q.
S
he
h
a
s
t
e
n
s
o
f
publ
i
s
he
d
pa
p
e
r
s
i
n
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
i
nt
e
r
e
s
t
s
i
nc
l
u
de
a
p
pr
o
xi
m
a
t
i
o
n
t
h
e
o
r
y
,
i
n
t
e
r
po
l
a
t
i
o
n,
a
n
d
n
e
ur
a
l
ne
t
w
o
r
ks
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.