TELKOM
NIKA
, Vol.11, No
.5, May 2013, pp. 2284
~
229
0
ISSN: 2302-4
046
2284
Re
cei
v
ed
Jan
uary 8, 2013;
Re
vised Feb
r
uar
y 26, 201
3
;
Accepte
d
March 11, 201
3
Variable Weights in Assessment of Survival S
ystem
Jinhui Zhao*
1,2
, Xuehui Wang
3
, Xu Qian
1
1
School of Mec
han
ical El
ectro
n
ic an
d Information En
gi
neer
i
ng Ch
ina U
n
iv
ersit
y
of Min
i
n
g
and T
e
chnol
o
g
y
,
Beiji
ng, 10
08
3, Chin
a, 186
301
296
15
2
Net
w
o
r
k Infor
m
ation Sec
u
rit
y
L
abor
ator
y
S
h
iji
azh
uan
g
Un
iversit
y
of Econ
omics, No.13
6
, Huai'
a
n East
Roa
d
, Shiji
azh
uan
g, Chi
na, 0
311-
872
07
57
7
3
School of Pre
c
ious Ston
es a
nd Materi
als T
e
chn
i
c Shij
iaz
h
uan
g Univ
ersit
y
of Econ
omics
,
No.136, Hu
ai'
an
East Road, Sh
i
jiazh
ua
ng, Ch
i
na, 031
1-8
720
727
0
*Corres
p
o
ndi
n
g
author, e-ma
i
l
: zhaoj
h9
977
@soh
u.com*
1
, w
angx
h9977@126.com,
x
u
qian@cumtb.edu.
cn
A
b
st
r
a
ct
Weight is o
ne
of key par
ame
t
ers in surviv
al
assess
me
nt. Its veracity w
ill directly affect the fin
a
l
eval
uatio
n res
u
lt. After analy
z
e
d
th
e rel
a
tio
n
shi
p
s bet
w
e
e
n
survival i
n
ci
dents an
d ind
u
ced factors, this
pap
er draw
into the natura
l
w
e
ight, base
d
on i
m
p
a
ct
pro
bab
ility, to dyn
a
mical
l
y
calcu
l
ate the w
e
ight
s of
assess
me
nt in
dexes. Base
d on me
mb
ershi
p
of suscept
ib
l
e
degr
ee, app
ropriat
e
distrib
u
tion functi
on
is
selecte
d
to
des
cribe th
e w
e
i
g
h
t
chan
ge
of sp
ecific i
n
d
e
x. Co
mb
in
ed w
i
th
ex
ampl
es, the
ap
plicati
o
n
proc
e
s
s
is prese
n
t in d
e
tail. Exper
i
m
e
n
ts and a
nalys
is show
that propos
ed
meth
o
d
can
truthful
ly
and o
b
jectiv
el
y
reflect the i
m
p
a
ct of eac
h in
d
e
x on s
u
rviva
l
system. It
is v
a
lu
abl
e to a
p
p
l
y and
po
pul
ari
z
e
in
a vari
ety
of
ind
u
stries.
Ke
y
w
ords
: dy
na
mic w
e
ig
ht, surviva
b
ility, n
a
tural w
e
ig
ht, survival i
n
ci
dent
, assessment i
ndex
Copy
right
©
2013 Un
ive
r
sita
s Ah
mad
Dah
l
an
. All rig
h
t
s r
ese
rved
.
1. Introduc
tion
The te
ch
nolo
g
y of
surviva
b
ility is
as a
new
ge
ne
ration of
net
work
se
cu
rity technolo
g
y,
whi
c
h represents the new
developm
ent direction of network secu
ri
ty.
It emphasi
zes the ability to
provide
cont
inuou
s
se
rvice
s
, even i
n
the eve
n
ts of
attack, failure
or
accide
nt. Th
e
comprehensi
ve assessm
e
nt
of survivability is an important me
an to improve the survivability of
system, whi
c
h
provid
es scientific ba
sis
for
devel
op
ment and
op
eration
of
su
rvival system
by
multi-levelly multi-an
glely analyzi
ng an
d unde
rstandi
ng
the releva
nt factors. Th
e weig
ht is o
n
e
of
importa
nt parameters in the pro
c
e
s
s o
f
asse
ssm
ent
, which refle
c
ts the si
gnif
i
can
c
e of ea
ch
index an
d the
relation
shi
p
s in su
rvival system. Ho
w t
o
cal
c
ul
ate th
e wei
ght dire
ctly impact
s
t
h
e
obje
c
tivity and the creditab
ility of assessment re
sult.
At pre
s
ent, th
e calculation
method
s of
weight
mai
n
ly i
n
clu
de th
ree
kind
s: the
me
thod of
subj
ective a
n
a
lysis, the m
e
thod
[1-3]
of combinin
g the
subj
ective a
n
d
obje
c
tive a
nd the meth
o
d
of
neural net
work
[4]
. Most of them have
so
me mortal
sh
ortco
m
ings
,
suc
h
as
s
ubjec
tivity,
arbitrary,
con
s
tant wei
ghts,
la
ck of
dynamic
and
pertine
nce, a
nd so on. It is difficult to a
dapt to evalu
a
te
compl
e
x o
r
d
y
namic
syste
m
. The i
dea
of variabl
e
weights
[5]
wa
s
brou
ght in
to
cha
nge
the
ri
gid
cal
c
ulate
d
method
s, reflected the variation of
weig
hts themselve
s
. The evaluatio
n method of ri
sk
prob
ability ha
s the
p
e
rfe
c
t
theoreti
c
al
ba
sis,
and
the
mean
s of
log
i
cal analy
s
is truly
refle
c
t
t
he
stru
ctured proce
s
s of in
ci
dents. The b
e
st advantag
es of this
me
thod are the
rigo
rou
s
anal
ysis
pro
c
e
ss
and t
he reli
able re
sults, but it n
eed
s to
co
unt
and calcul
ate mass data.
After analyzi
n
g
the proba
bility of events i
n
su
rv
ival sy
stem, this p
aper propo
ses a
metho
d
to dynami
c
ally
cal
c
ulate
the
weig
hts, a
nd
gives th
e fo
rmal
cal
c
ulatio
n
meth
od.
After analysi
s
, we ca
n see
t
hat
this meth
od
can
scie
n
tifical
l
y and o
b
je
ctively reflect
th
e statu
s
of
evaluation
i
ndi
cators in
su
rvival
system, an
d the cal
c
ul
ation
is simple.
This
paper i
s
organized
as foll
ows. In
section 2
we
will analy
z
e the relati
onship
betwe
en
wei
ghts of in
dex
es a
nd
su
rvival inci
dent
s a
s
well a
s
the
weig
ht cal
c
ul
ation form
ula.
In
se
ction 3 the
examples a
nd analysi
s
p
r
esent t
he proce
s
s of app
lication. The
con
c
lu
sio
n
s
are
given in se
cti
on 4.
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ISSN: 23
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TELKOM
NIKA
Vol. 11, No
. 5, May 2013 : 2284 – 229
0
2285
2. The probabilit
y
of sur
v
i
v
al
incidents and the
w
e
ights
The ope
ratio
n
s of
info
rma
t
ion
sy
stem are
in
fluen
ce
d by va
riou
s facto
r
s.
The
state
of
informatio
n system at a moment is ra
nd
om
[6,7]
. The operatin
g pro
c
ess of inform
ation system
can
be de
scribe
d as ra
ndo
m proce
s
s. The survival
syste
m
s are the info
rmatio
n syst
em too.
Define 1: if
is a set of all state in the op
er
ating pro
c
e
ss of
su
rv
iv
al sy
st
em,
)
(
t
S
is a
sub
s
et of p
o
ssi
ble
states
at the mome
nt t, t
he ope
rating p
r
o
c
e
s
s of survival
system
can
be
descri
bed a
s
:
)}
,
(
,
|
)
,
(
{
t
e
e
t
X
(1)
Whi
c
h is
calle
d a rand
om p
r
ocess, ba
se
d on
, abbrevi
a
ted as
)
,
(
e
t
X
.
The survival asse
ssm
ent
of system stu
d
ies the p
o
ssibility
of incidents at different state,
and the
impa
ct on th
e pe
rf
orma
nce, the
relia
bility an
d the
se
curity
of su
rvival sy
stem, to a
nal
yze
the survivabili
ty of entire
sy
stem
.
We
defi
ne the
influen
ce
deg
ree
to
measure imp
a
ct of i
n
ci
den
ts
on su
rvival system.
Define 2: in t
he su
rvival sy
stem, if
S
is a set of possible
states at the
moment (
0
t
),
S
e
is a po
ssible
state at the
moment (
0
t
),
e
S
is the probabilit
y of occurr
ence of e stat
e at the
moment,
e
E
is th
e influen
ce d
egre
e
on sy
stem perfo
rma
n
ce, the eq
ua
tion:
e
e
e
E
S
F
(2)
is call
ed impa
ct degree of p
o
ssible o
c
cu
rren
ce of e sta
t
e at the moment (
0
t
).
Ho
wever,
in t
he a
s
se
ssme
nt process,
we mai
n
ly focu
s o
n
th
e in
cid
ents,
whi
c
h
h
a
ve the
seri
ous im
pacts on sy
stem. The im
pacts incl
ude all
aspect
s of
survivability, su
ch as
availability,
se
curity, relia
bility, efficiency and so on.
if T is a
su
b
s
et of
, states in T
have
seri
ou
s imp
a
c
ts o
n
syste
m
.
T
T
i
is seri
ous
state, namel
y survival incide
nt.
i
T
Q
is the probability of occurrence of
i
T
at th
e moment
(
0
t
);
i
T
D
is the se
rio
u
s de
gre
e
of impac
t. Equati
on (2
) ca
n re
place by
i
i
i
T
T
T
D
Q
R
(3)
Define
3: At
a fixed m
o
me
nt (
0
t
), the i
n
flu
ence
sum
of
possibl
e in
cid
ent is na
med
total
impact
s
of sy
stem. The total impact
s
of system at a fixed moment (
0
t
)
c
a
n
s
h
ow
as
:
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
i
i
i
i
i
D
Q
R
R
(4)
Whe
r
e: T is
a set of survi
v
al incide
nts
that can h
a
p
pen at that m
o
ment,
i
T
is a
survival
incid
ent of T,
T
T
i
;
i
T
Q
is the probability of
i
T
at th
at moment,
i
T
D
is the deg
ree
of damage.
Define 4:
if
is a set of all d
a
mage val
u
e
s
,
)
(
r
f
is a fu
nctio
n
, whi
c
h ma
p
s
any
r
to
[0, 1],
)
(
]
1
,
0
[
:
r
r
f
T
f
(5)
The
)
(
r
f
is calle
d a
memb
ership fun
c
tion
base o
n
; the
f
is a
f
u
zzy
set
,
whi
c
h
c
o
ns
titute by
)
(
r
f
(
r
); the value
of
)
(
r
f
is the degree of membe
r
shi
p
to
f
.
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TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
Variabl
e Wei
ghts in Asse
ssm
ent of
Survival System
(Jin
hui Zh
ao)
2286
Becau
s
e of th
e duality between survivabil
i
ty
and dama
ge, there is m
e
mbe
r
ship be
tween
degree of su
rvivability and degree of da
mage a
s
follo
ws:
Theo
rem 1:
if
)
(
r
s
is th
e d
egree of
su
rvivability, and
)
(
r
f
indicate
s the
de
gree
o
f
damag
e,
)
(
r
s
=1-
)
(
r
f
(6)
So we stu
d
y the dama
g
e
s
in survival
syste
m. From
equatio
n (3
), we can
see t
hat the
survivability of system in
clud
es the p
r
oba
bility
of
occurre
n
ce of survival incidents an
d the
damag
es. In
the informati
on
system, t
here
are m
a
ny
factors
ca
n trigg
e
r th
e
survival i
n
ci
d
ents
.
But, in summ
ary, all of the
m
can
divide
into tow
ki
nd
s: internal factors
(lea
ks),
external fa
cto
r
s
(dan
ge
rou
s
b
ehaviors). Th
e extern
al fa
ctors utili
ze i
n
ternal
fact
o
r
s le
ad to
survival incide
nts.
Therefore, th
e occurren
ce
of su
rvival incid
ent can
descri
be a
s
the function b
e
twee
n internal
factors and e
x
ternal facto
r
s.
Theo
rem 2:
i
T
Q
pre
s
e
n
ts th
e proba
bility of occu
rren
ce of
su
rvival inci
dent
(
i
T
).
i
T
A
stand
s fo
r th
e dan
ge
rou
s
behavio
rs (ex
t
ernal fa
ctors),
i
T
B
indi
cate
s th
e state l
e
a
ks
(internal
fac
t
ors
)
, who c
an lead to oc
cur
i
T
at the moment.
)
(
)
,
(
i
i
i
i
i
T
T
T
T
T
B
A
P
B
A
P
Q
(7)
Acco
rdi
ng to the pro
bability
princi
ple [9], equatio
n (4
) can ch
ang
e as:
)
(
)
,
(
)
(
)
|
(
)
(
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
A
P
A
B
P
B
P
B
A
P
B
A
P
Q
(8)
In the surviva
l
system, internal facto
r
s i
ndicate defects and defici
e
ncie
s in the pro
c
e
s
s
of desi
gn, im
plementatio
n, operati
on a
n
d
co
ntrol; external fa
cto
r
s
pre
s
ent fa
cto
r
s o
r
in
cide
nts
whi
c
h may d
a
mage th
e survivability of system. In
gene
rally, external fa
cto
r
s alway
s
emp
l
oy
internal fac
t
ors
to occ
u
r survival inc
i
dents
to
dama
ge system. Internal fa
ctors are o
b
je
ctive
existen
c
e,
which
only a
r
e
appli
ed by
external fa
ct
ors to
cau
s
e
su
rvival in
ci
dents; if i
n
te
rnal
factors a
r
e
n
u
ll, the da
ng
erou
s
beh
aviors can’t trig
ger
su
rvival
i
n
cid
ents.
Na
mely, both a
r
e
indep
ende
nt of each oth
e
r.
Acco
rdin
g to the prob
abilit
y principl
e,
)
(
)
(
)
|
(
)
(
)
(
)
|
(
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
A
P
B
P
B
A
P
B
P
A
P
A
B
P
(9)
We can get e
quation (10
)
from eq
uation
(9)
)
(
)
(
)
(
i
i
i
i
i
T
T
T
T
T
B
P
A
P
B
A
P
Q
(10
)
From e
quatio
n (3), we ca
n get:
)
(
))
(
(
i
i
i
i
T
T
T
T
B
P
A
P
D
R
(11
)
The
equ
ation (4) can rewrit
e
by:
)
(
)
)
(
(
)
(
)
(
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
B
P
D
A
P
D
B
P
A
P
R
R
(12
)
So, a con
c
lu
sion ca
n be o
b
t
ained that th
e pro
babilit
y of occurren
ce
of
a survival i
n
cid
ent
has the
prop
ortional
relati
onship
with t
he p
r
ob
abilit
y of lea
k
in
da
ngerou
s
state
.
The
ratio
is
the
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Vol. 11, No
. 5, May 2013 : 2284 – 229
0
2287
probability of
leak in danger
ous
state at
the mom
ent (
0
t
), whi
c
h
can
trigge
r
surviv
al inci
dent
s.
After normali
zation,
Define 5: if
)
(
i
T
B
P
indicate
s the probability of occurr
e
n
ce of a survival in
cid
ent (
i
T
),
T
T
T
T
T
i
i
i
i
B
P
B
P
k
)
(
)
(
(13
)
i
T
k
is the natural weig
ht of
the survival in
cid
ent (
i
T
), based
on dama
ged
prob
ability.
So, there
are propo
rtion
a
l rel
a
tionshi
ps
b
e
twe
e
n
natural wei
ghts of fa
ct
ors an
d
prob
ability of
factors i
n
dang
ero
u
s states. They
reflect th
e p
r
oba
bility of themselves in
dang
ero
u
s
st
ates, an
d indi
cate the
imp
o
rtan
ce
of
those fa
cto
r
s i
n
su
rvival
syst
em at the
sa
me
time. They
are the appearance of
the
natural
vulnerability of fact
ors.
After above analysi
s
, we
can
see that
weig
hts of factor
s are ch
a
nging
with the system
o
p
e
r
ating
status,
and the natu
r
al
weig
hts can repre
s
e
n
ts thi
s
situatio
n.
Probability of damages is
an importa
nt indicator to assess the
survival system, but it is
difficulty to ca
lculate. Be
ca
use th
e da
ma
ge an
d
surviv
ability are fu
zzy and
rel
a
tive co
ncepts,
we
redefin
e natu
r
al wei
ghts to
simplify calc
ulation, acco
rding to equ
ation (5
).
Define 6: At the moment (
0
t
), if
i
T
K
indicate
s
su
sceptible d
egre
e
of survi
v
al incident
i
T
(
T
T
i
) in survival system, then
T
T
T
f
T
f
T
i
i
i
i
B
P
B
P
K
))
(
(
))
(
(
(14
)
Is the natura
l
weight of survival incid
e
n
t
i
T
based o
n
su
sceptible
degre
e
, na
mely,
natural weig
h
t.
i
T
p
r
es
en
ts
a
s
p
ec
ific
s
u
r
v
iva
l
incide
nt at the moment
(
0
t
);
T
indicates
a set of
survival in
cid
ents at a fixed perio
d,
T
T
i
.
So, the weigh
t
can
be
cal
c
ulated by
su
sceptibl
e
de
gree of fa
ctors,
and
refle
c
t th
e statu
s
prop
ortio
nal relation
shi
p
of each fa
ctors in
su
rvival system. And, t
he cal
c
ulated metho
d
is
changed form probability
cal
c
ulat
ion to cal
c
ul
ating membership
of susceptible
degree, which
greatly re
du
ces the difficul
t
y of computing. T
here are many meth
ods to calcul
ate membe
r
ship,
such as fuzzy statistical m
e
thod, comparison so
rting
method, expert ev
aluation method,
and so
on. In inform
ation sy
stem,
probabilit
y of occurrence
of su
rvival incident is al
ways positive real
numbe
r. If th
e mem
bershi
p
fun
c
tion ta
kes
re
al n
u
mb
er
as di
scussion d
o
main, it
is
call
ed fu
zzy
distrib
u
tion. And, there are several fuzzy distrib
u
tion func
tions
to fit for Define 6, s
u
c
h
as
half-
norm
a
l distri
b
u
tion, half ko
sit distrib
u
tion
, and so on.
The fun
c
tion of half-no
rmal
distributio
n:
0
,
1
0
)
(
)
(
k
a
e
a
n
a
k
f
(15
)
The fun
c
tion of half kosit di
stributio
n:
0
,
)
(
1
)
(
0
)
(
k
a
a
a
a
a
a
f
(16
)
From e
quatio
n (15
)
and
eq
uation (16),
we
can see t
hat only thre
e paramete
r
s (
k
,
a
,
n
)
need to
determine in o
r
d
e
r to get the we
ight functio
n
. In pra
c
tical a
pplication
s
, it is ne
ce
ssary
to
sele
ct a
pprop
riate fu
nction
to dete
r
mine
the weight
di
stributio
n,
a
c
cording
to practical statisti
cal
prop
erty.
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TELKOM
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ISSN:
2302-4
046
Variabl
e Wei
ghts in Asse
ssm
ent of
Survival System
(Jin
hui Zh
ao)
2288
3. Example and Analy
s
is
Weig
hts are
the ratio of states and
importa
nc
e of indicators i
n
the whole
survival
system, wh
ose spe
c
ific me
aning
s are de
termine
d
with
the indicato
rs or the p
r
oje
c
ts. At prese
n
t,
there is no u
n
ified stand
ard of
survivabi
lity assessm
e
nt and index
system. The
resea
r
chers i
n
accordan
ce
with their own ideas
a
n
d
rese
arch ob
ject desi
gn d
i
fferent index
system, whi
c
h
reflect
pe
rformance of
survival system
from diffe
rent
angl
es an
d
at differe
nt le
vels. As sho
w
in
figure1,
refe
rence [8] de
scribed
the i
nde
x system
i
n
t
h
ree
-
dim
e
n
s
i
onal spa
c
e, whi
c
h refle
c
ts
the
inner
relation
ship b
e
twe
e
n
different inde
x systems.
Figure 1. Model of Evaluating Index
System for System Survivability
At present, rese
arche
r
s are more agreeabl
e t
hat there are four ch
ara
c
te
ri
stics in
survival
syst
em, namely:
re
sistan
ce,
re
c
ognitio
n
, re
covery,
adaptatio
n. Combi
ng
wi
th
cla
ssifi
cation
of survival i
n
cid
ents,
we
take
the
s
e
cha
r
a
c
teri
stics a
s
indexe
s
to pre
s
ent t
he
weig
ht cal
c
ul
ation process. Acco
rdin
g to the surv
ey
and a
nalysi
s
a su
rvival system of third p
a
rty
payment,
we
sele
ct the
fun
c
tion
of half
-
n
o
rmal
di
stribu
tion to d
e
scri
be
cha
nge
of
wei
ghts in th
is
survival
syst
em. In practi
ce, the values of
stat
istical
probability are posi
tive real num
ber, and
cha
nge i
n
the
rang
e bet
we
en 0 a
nd 1.
Some in
cre
a
s
e
with the in
cre
a
se of val
ues,
while
others
redu
ce
with t
he in
crea
se
of value
s
. So
, we
select
p
o
sitive h
a
lf-liter fu
nctio
n
o
r
po
sitive half
-
off
function:
0
,
1
0
)
(
)
(
k
a
e
a
n
a
k
f
(17
)
0
,
0
)
(
)
(
k
a
e
a
n
a
k
f
(18
)
3.1. Weight
Function o
f
Each Index
1) The
weig
ht function of re
sista
n
ce
Becau
s
e
vari
ous inform
ation
system
s e
m
ploy
differe
nt defen
sive t
ools,
and
dep
loyment
environ
ment vary widely, the re
sista
n
ce
s are diffe
ren
t. The capabi
lity of resi
sta
n
ce reflect
s
its
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ISSN: 23
02-4
046
TELKOM
NIKA
Vol. 11, No
. 5, May 2013 : 2284 – 229
0
2289
weig
ht in wh
ole sy
stem.
With st
ren
g
th
en of resi
st
an
ce, the viabili
ty of su
rv
iv
al sy
st
em
i
n
c
r
e
a
se.
There is po
sitive chang
e re
lationship bet
wee
n
re
si
sta
n
ce an
d su
rvivability. Therefore we sele
ct
equatio
n (17
)
as di
strib
u
tio
n
fun
c
tion
of
its wei
ght. A
s
sh
ow in
equ
ation
(17
)
, three p
a
rameters
(
,
,
,
n
a
k
) need to det
ermin
e
.
Whe
n
defen
sive system prevents
95%
survival in
cid
ents, it al
most avoids all incide
nts.
When 60% of survival inci
dents are let
off, it
hardly does
som
e
thing to the survivability. So,
Acco
rdi
ng to
experie
nce of
actual
ope
rat
i
ng an
d ex
pe
rt analysi
s
, the
weig
ht is 0.9
at 95%, 0.5 a
t
70%, and 0.1
at 40%. If th
ese d
a
ta is p
u
t into equati
on (18
)
, para
m
eters are
365856
.
0
a
,
481914
.
0
k
,
5.697996
n
The wei
ght function of re
si
stan
ce is o
b
tained
0
,
365856
.
0
1
365856
.
0
0
)
(
5.697996
)
365856
.
0
(
481914
.
0
k
e
r
r
res
(19
)
2) The
weig
ht function of re
cog
n
ition
Becau
s
e of the sam
e
rea
s
on, equation
(17
)
is
sel
e
ct
to represent t
he weig
ht function of
recognitio
n
. Whe
n
re
co
gn
ition rate is u
p
to
85% and
appropri
a
te measures a
r
e use
d
to ha
ndle
survival in
cid
ents, the p
e
rf
orma
nc
e is
well, the weig
h
t
is 0.9; w
hen
r
e
c
o
gn
itio
n r
a
te
is
a
t
6
0
%
,
the weig
ht is 0.5; when
reco
gnition rat
e
fall 30%,
weight is to 0.
1. So, the weight functio
n
o
f
recognitio
n
is
0
,
0.465856
1
0.465856
0
)
(
5.697996
)
0.465856
(
481914
.
0
k
e
r
r
rec
(20
)
3) The
weig
ht function of re
covery
The half
-
liter
function i
s
sui
t
able for
weig
ht
function of
recovery. Because re
cove
ry is an
auxiliary function in this system,
so when recovery rate is up
to95% the weight is 0.6; when
recovery rate
is at 60%, the weight is 0.3
;
when re
cov
e
ry rate d
r
op
to 20, the wei
ght is 0.1. After
these valu
es
sub
s
tituted in
to equation (1
7),
the weig
ht function of re
covery
sho
w
as:
0
,
.116871
0
1
.116871
0
0
)
(
2.37292
)
.116871
0
(
785833
.
0
k
e
r
r
rec
(21
)
4) The
weig
ht function of a
daptation
Adaptation i
s
less matu
re i
n
this
system.
Therefore, when
a
daptatio
n achieves
9
5
%, th
e
weig
ht is
0.4; whe
n
ad
aptat
ion is
at 50%,
the weight i
s
0.2; whe
n
a
d
aptation i
s
at
8%, the wei
g
ht
is 0.05. After Cal
c
ulation, T
he wei
ght fun
c
tion of ada
ptation is a
s
:
0
,
234714
.
0
1
234714
.
0
0
)
(
1.733781
)
234714
.
0
(
380734
.
0
k
e
r
a
ad
(22
)
3.2. Calculati
on and analy
s
is
By analyzin
g
the log
of
a pe
riod,
we
obtai
n th
e
values
of re
sista
n
ce, re
cognition,
recovery, ad
aptation (94
%
, 80%, 70%, and 20%). A
fter substit
u
ted into equ
ation (1
9)-(2
2
)
, the
weig
ht vector is as:
w’={0.88
97, 0
.
8422, 0.385
1
,
0.0859}
Normali
z
ed:
w={0.40
39, 0.3823, 0.17
48,
0.0390}
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
2302-4
046
Variabl
e Wei
ghts in Asse
ssm
ent of
Survival System
(Jin
hui Zh
ao)
2290
In the pro
c
e
s
s of asse
ssm
ent, each i
n
d
e
x has
some
evaluation p
a
ram
e
ters; the sam
e
method can g
e
t their weig
h
t
function. For t
he spa
c
e, h
e
re do n
o
t prese
n
t in detai
l.
After above
analy
s
is,
we can
see
that ea
ch i
n
dex ha
s diff
erent i
m
pa
ct
on the
survivability of system
and
the degree of
impact c
hange
with its val
ue. That i
s
, it
s value reflects
its influence on informatio
n system. Propo
sed meth
od is more scientific an
d obje
c
tive than
traditional
me
thods in
cal
c
ulating
wei
ght
s. Fo
r
ex
ampl
e, wei
ghts {0.
98, 0.5, 0.2,
and
0.3}
mea
n
s
that the re
sistance i
s
exce
llent whi
c
h al
most defe
n
se
all the attack. Therefo
r
e, this
system i
s
a
nice
survival
system. But in traditional
method
s,
this system is n
o
t a well su
rvival system.
In orde
r to extend the appl
ication of pro
pos
ed metho
d
to adapt the compl
e
x system or
system
with d
i
fferent purpo
se, it is necessa
ry
combi
n
e
variable weig
ht and fixed weig
ht.
}
,
,
,
{
}
,
,
,
{
W
W
2
1
2
1
v
fn
f
f
vn
v
v
f
w
w
w
w
w
w
W
(23
)
Whe
r
e n is th
e numbe
r of index.
4. Conclusio
n
Solution of
weight
i
s
a key step
i
n
survival
as
sessm
e
nt. Its veracity
w
ill di
rectly af
fect the
final evaluatio
n result. Wei
ght is cha
ngi
ng with the
o
peratin
g of su
rvival sy
stem.
It
is improp
er
to
employ tra
d
itional meth
od
with fixed val
ue. In order
t
o
obje
c
tively reflect the
status of e
a
ch in
dex
in su
rvival system, this p
a
per p
r
op
osed
a novel
cal
c
ulation of wei
ght. Propo
se
d method b
r
i
ngs
in natural wei
ght, which is
the essential
reflectio
n
of survival in
cid
ent, to calcul
ate the wei
g
ht.
Ca
se
studi
es sh
own that
the weight,
calcul
at
ed by prop
osed me
thod,
can sci
entifically
a
n
d
effectively reflect the impo
rtance of assessment
ind
e
x
. It is a better solution wi
th small amo
unt
of calculation
to application
and pop
ulari
z
ation.
Ackn
o
w
l
e
dg
ement
The authors
woul
d like to
ackn
owledge shijiazh
uang university of ec
onomi
cs i
n
support
with the initial
fund of scie
n
t
ific
research
after our d
o
ct
orate.
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ces
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yua
n
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g
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N Li-pi
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